fifth international conference

AFPP – 10TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON PESTS IN AGRICULTURE
MONTPELLIER – OCTOBER 22ND AND 23RD 2014
INSECTICIDAL ACTIVITY OF THE ACTIVE SUBSTANCE PHOSMET ON CONTROL OF A BROAD
SPECTRUM OF PESTS INFESTING A WIDE RANGE OF CROPS; FEW EXPERIENCES ON APPLE, CITRUS,
OLIVE, PEACH
D. STERZI, Product Manager & Technical/Development Manager – South Europe
Gowan Comércio Internacional Serviços, Limitada
[email protected]
ABSTRACT
The active substance phosmet (C11H12NO4PS2) has an insecticidal activity that results to be effective in
the control of a broad spectrum of pests infesting a wide range of crops. It acts as inhibitor of the
acetyl cholinesterase (AChE), belonging the chemical family of organophosphates, group 1B of the
IRAC.
The value of organophosphates as insecticides relies in their broad spectrum of activity and the
demonstrated continuous effective action in the control of pest populations resistant to pyrethroids,
spinosyns, benzoyl(thio)ureas and other chemical families having insecticide activity through
different MoA’s. This characteristic is valuable for management of resistance risk. Phosmet is
specifically active in the control of pests infesting a wide range of annual and perennial crops
intensively grown in Southern Europe (see appendix 1 for further insights).
Following 4 examples/studies of the efficacy of different phosmet formulations on:
- apple vs. Codling moth (Cydia pomonella);
- citrus vs. Mediterranean fly (Ceratitis capitata);
- peach vs. Oriental fruit moth (Cydia molesta);
- olive vs. Olive moth (Prays oleae).
Keywords: phosmet, citrus, apple, peach, olive.
RÉSUMÉ
La substance active phosmet (C11H12NO4PS2) a une activité insecticide qui est efficace vis-à-vis du
contrôle d’une large palette de ravageurs attaquant un large spectre de cultures. Il agit comme un
inhibiteur de l’acétyl-cholinestérase (AChE) et appartient à la famille des organophosphorés, au
groupe 1B de l’IRAC.
L’intérêt des organophosphorés comme insecticides est lié à leur large spectre d’actions et
l’efficacité continue démontrée dans le contrôle de populations de ravageurs résistants au
pyréthrinoïdes, spinosynes, benzoyl(thio)urées et autres familles chimiques ayant une activité
insecticide. Cette caractéristique est très intéressante pour la gestion du risque de résistance. Le
phosmet est spécialement efficace dans le contrôle de ravageurs attaquant un large éventail de
cultures intensives annuelles et pérennes du Sud de l’Europe (voir l’annexe 1 du présent article pour
plus d’informations).
Quatre exemples/études de l’efficacité de différentes formulations de phosmet sur:
- pommier, vis-à-vis du carpocapse (Cydia pomonella);
- citrus, vis-à-vis de la mouche méditerranéenne des fruits (Ceratitis capitata);
- pêcher, vis-à-vis de la tordeuse orientale du pêcher (Cydia molesta);
- olivier, vis-à-vis de la teigne de l’olivier (Prays oleae);
sont présentés dans le présent article.
Mots-clés : phosmet, citrus, pommier, pêcher, olivier.
INSECTICIDE EFFICACY AND SELECTIVITY OF IMIDAN 50 WP AND SPADA 200 EC AGAINST
MEDITERRANEAN FRUIT FLY (CERATITIS CAPITATA) ON CITRUS FOLLOWING A BROADCAST
LOCATION: Villanueva de Castellón (VALENCIA, SPAIN)
Treatments
Applications
Nature of work
Synthesis of results
Discussion and conclusions
The application (A) was performed when threshold was reached (0.5 flies/trap and day). At this
assessment date, the trial surface showed a mean of 3.2 % of damaged fruits with 1 hole/fruit on the
damaged fruits.
Regarding the percentage of damaged fruits, the efficacy results obtained let us to conclude that:
- The formulations RELDAN E at 0.35 %, IMIDAN 50 WP at 1.0 kg/ha and SPADA 200 EC at 2.5 l/ha,
with a broadcast foliar application, get similar control rates and showed useful levels of control with
efficacies between the 67.6-73.5 %.
Regarding the number of holes/fruit, the statistical analysis did not show significant differences
between treatments and on damaged fruits was observed normally 1 hole per fruit.
No effects on others pests or non-target organisms were evaluated as they were not observed at
enough population and incidence to be assessed.
No phytotoxicity symptoms were observed for any formulation and at any tested dosage.
STUDY OF THE EFFICACY OF DIFFERENT PHOSMET FORMULATIONS ON CYDIA POMONELLA ON APPLES
(TRIAL ID: 13 I AR GW 08)
LOCATION: Ademuz (VALENCIA, SPAIN)
Treatments
Applications
Nature of work
Results
Discussion and conclusions
Regarding the percentage of damaged fruits by Cydia pomonella (L.) at harvest (28 DA-D), nontreated shows a mean of 32.6 % of fruits damaged by C. pomonella on a sample of 300 fruits/plot.
The efficacy results obtained let us to conclude that all the treatments reduced between 44-65 % the
percentage of damaged fruits at harvest. No phytotoxicity symptoms were observed for any
formulation and at any tested dosage.
INSECTICIDE EFFICACY AND SELECTIVITY OF DIFFERENT PHOSMET FORMULATIONS AGAINST PRAYS
OLEAE ON OLIVE TREES (TRIAL ID: 13 I OL GW 20)
LOCATION: Morón de la frontera (SEVILLA, SPAIN)
Treatments
Applications
Nature of work
Synthesis of the result
Discussion and conclusions
The efficacy results obtained let us conclude that: The formulations GWN 10125 at 1.500 kg/ha and
GWN 10242 at 2.222 l/ha get similar control rates than the standard PERFEKTHION at 1.250 l/ha and
showed an excellent control until 31 DA-A with efficacies between 87-100 %. The formulations GWN
10125 at 1.000 kg/ha, GWN 10242 at 1.111 l/ha, GWN 10124 at 1.000 l/ha and GWN 10246 at 1.250
kg/ha get a useful control at 15 DA-A with efficacies between 73-77 %; at 31 DA-A, these efficacies
remained similar for GWN 10125 at 1.000 l/ha and increased for the rest of treatments between 8592 %. Regarding the number of dropped fruits attacked per plot: At 98 DA-A, non-treated shows a
mean of 13 dropped fruits attacked by Prays oleae (Bernard). The efficacy results obtained let us
conclude that: GWN 10242 at 1.111 l/ha gets some control and reduced around 57.7 % the number
of dropped fruits damaged. The rest of treatments showed a useful control and reduced between 6475 % the number of dropped fruits damaged. No effects on other pests or non-target organisms were
observed as they were not observed at enough population and incidence to be assessed. No
phytotoxicity symptoms were observed for any formulation and at any tested dosage.
FIELD STUDY TO EVALUATE THE EFFICACY OF GWN 10125, GWN 10124, GWN 10242 AND GWN
10246 AGAINST ORIENTAL FRUIT MOTH ON PEACH; STUDY: PCE 13 GOW PRNPS LASPMO/2.
LOCATION: Malalbergo (BOLOGNE, ITALY)
Treatments
Treatment
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Product
Active
ingredient
Formulation
Content
a.i g/l
GWN 10125
Phosmet
WP
50
GWN 10124
Phosmet
L
25
GWN 10242
Phosmet
L
22,5
GWN 10242
Phosmet
L
22,5
GWN 10242
Phosmet
L
22,5
Spada 200 EC
Phosmet
EC
200
Phosmet 40% WG
Phosmet
WG
40
Trebon UP
etofenprox
EC
280
Untreated
nd
T1= At hatching eggs of 2 generation; T2= 10 day after T1
Product
dose
L/Ha
1.5
1,5
2,2
1,7
1,1
3,75
1,875
0.6
-
Dose rate
(g a.i./Ha)
Timing
750
375
500
375
250
750
750
140
-
T1 & T2
T1 & T2
T1 & T2
T1 & T2
T1 & T2
T1 & T2
T1 & T2
T1 & T2
-
Treatment positioning
The flight of the Cydia molesta (Busck) second generation (see Figure 1) started on June 4th and
finished on July 2nd. The flight peak with 16 catches was observed on June 18th. The first spray was
applied on June 20th in correspondence of 14 % of hatched larvae (C. molesta MRV Model) and the
second was made on July 2nd (52 % of hatched larvae).
Results Assessment carried out on July 12th 2013
Active
Formulation
Product
Ingredient
Kg- L/Ha
a.i.
g/Ha
Affected Shoots %
Affected Fruit %
GWN 10125
Phosmet
1.5
750
4.5 b (66.0)
2.0 b (81.0)
GWN 10124
Phosmet
1.5
375
3.5 bc (73.6)
1.5 b (85.7)
GWN 10242
Phosmet
2.2
500
3.3 bc (75.5)
2.0 b (81.0)
GWN 10242
Phosmet
1.7
375
2.3 bc (83.0)
3.5 b (66.7)
GWN 10242
Phosmet
1.1
250
3.3 bc (75.5)
3.5 b (66.7)
Spada 200 EC
Phosmet
3.75
750
2.8 bc (79.2)
1.0 b (90.0)
Phosmet 40 % WG
Phosmet
1.875
750
2.3 bc (83.0)
4.0 b (61.9)
Trebon UP
Etofenprox
0.6
140
2.0 c (84.9)
0.5 b (95.2)
Untreated
-
--
-
13.3 a
10.5 a
(1) Average values marked by different letters are significantly different at P  0,05 (SNK test).
(2) Action degree in accordance with Abbott’s formula.
Conclusions
The activity of the different experimental products was compared with etofenprox as standard
referent. The test carried out under high pest pressure conditions showed that all products gave a
good C. molesta control. No phytotoxicity problems were registered both on fruits and shoots.
Appendix 1
List of species with demonstrated sensitivity to phosmet, extracted from GAPs of phosmet-based
PPP’s authorized n South Europe
order
family
Pseudococcidae
cherry fruit fly - Rhagoletis cerasi (L.)
Mediterranean fruit fly - Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann)
olive fruit fly - Bactrocera oleae (Gmelin)
walnut husk fly - Rhagoletis completa Cresson
spotted wing fruit fly - Drosophila suzukii Matsumura*
hazelnut bug - Gonocerus acuteangulatus (Goeze)
olive (apple) weevil - Othiorhyncus cribricolli Gyllenhaal
hazelnut weevil - Curculio nucum Gyllenhaal
Colorado beetle- Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say)
brown olive scale moth - Saissetia oleae (Olivier)
wax scales - Ceroplastes spp.
red scale - Aodiniella spp.
white peach scale – Pseudaulacaspis pentagona (Targioni-Tozzetti)
San Josè scale –Quadraspidiotus perniciosus Comstock
mealybugs - Planococcus spp., Heliococcus spp.
Hyponomeutidae
citrus flower moth - Prays citri Millière
Praydidae
olive moth - Prays oleae (Bernard)
citrus leafminer - Phyllocnistis citrella Stainton
leaf miners - Phyllonoricter spp.
leafrollers - Pandemis spp.
fruit tree leafroller - Archips podana (Scopoli)
codling moth – Cydia pomonella (L.)
oriental fruit moth - Cydia molesta (Busck)
plum fruit moth - Cydia funebrana (Treitschke)
grape trortrix moth - Argyrotaenia ljungiana (Thunberg)
olive buds moth – Margaronia (Palpita) unionalis Hübner
large white - Pieris brassicae (L.)
potato tuber moth - Phtorimaea operculella (Zeller)
twig borer - Anarsia lineatella Zeller
vapourer moth - Orgyia antiqua (L.)
western flower thrips – Frankliniella occidentalis Pergande
onion thrips - Thrips meridionalis (Priesner)
Tephritidae
Diptera
Drosophilidae
Coreidae
Coleoptera
Curculionidae
Chrysomelidae
Coccidae
Hemiptera
Diaspididae
Gracillariidae
Lepidoptera
Tortricidae
Pyraustidae
Pieridae
Gelechiidae
Lymantriidae
Thysanoptera
specie(s)
Thripidae