ENJOY 5e_GP_p001a128.indd

Bonfire night
Guy Fawkes Night ou Bonfire Night n’est pas une
fête connue de nos élèves même si elle est encore
très largement célébrée en Angleterre, à grand
renfort de feux de bois, de barbecues bravant les
températures automnales, de pétards et de feux
d’artifices municipaux.
Outre la découverte de cette fête calendaire,
cette double page offre aussi une série de repères
historiques simples et clairs sur la monarchie
parlementaire britannique et sur la généalogie
de ses monarques.
Ces deux pages peuvent être traitées successivement, mais aussi indépendamment, et à
différents moments de l’année, en fonction du
temps disponible.
A noter qu'au travers des tâches proposées, les
élèves découvriront ou réviseront le prétérit
simple.
Le court texte d’introduction et la moitié
supérieure de la page expliquent les origines
historiques de cette fête. La partie inférieure de
la page montre de quelle façon cette fête est
encore célébrée aujourd’hui.
On demandera d'abord aux élèves de se concentrer
sur la partie supérieure de la page. Le professeur
lira à voix haute le texte d’introduction et la
légende de la bande dessinée.
Les mots nouveaux sont donnés en note et ne
devraient pas poser de problème.
Le professeur écrira ensuite les phrases suivantes
au tableau, et demandera à quelle vignette elles
correspondent :
a. A guard is coming! He’s arresting Guy Fawkes!
(vignette 3)
b. Guy Fawkes is with his friends. They’re preparing
a plot to blow up the Houses of Parliament.
(vignette 1)
c. Guy Fawkes is at the Houses of Parliament. He is
holding a match. The barrels are full of explosives.
(vignette 2)
Le professeur peut ajouter quelques informations,
par exemple : the Houses of Parliament are in
London. Big Ben is a tower with a big clock, at the
Houses of Parliament.
Puis on fera lire la première consigne à voix haute.
Pour y répondre, il suffira aux élèves d’observer
de près la bande dessinée (vignette 2), et de
recouper cette date avec la légende du portrait
de James I, à gauche.
Réponses possibles, avec l’aide du professeur :
The Gunpowder plot was on November 5th, 1606.
King James reigned from 1603 to 1625, the plot
happened when James was King / under King
James.
Suivant le niveau et la motivation des élèves,
le professeur pourra ajouter des compléments
d’information. Il pourra par exemple attirer
l’attention des élèves sur la dimension religieuse
de ce complot, à laquelle il est fait allusion ici en
passant : Guy Fawkes était catholique, James I,
protestant.
On précisera également que ce n’est pas Guy
Fawkes qui est fêté, mais bien l’échec de son
complot contre l’institution parlementaire.
Puis l’on passera à la partie inférieure de la page.
On laissera quelques instants aux élèves pour
qu’ils observent les photographies et la légende.
Quelques croquis rapides au tableau (old clothes
- a Guy - firecrackers - bonfire) expliciteront la
légende au besoin. On pourra également imiter
un enfant réclamant “a penny for the guy”.
On pourra ajouter quelques précisions :
Teacher: In many towns, there are big fireworks to
celebrate the failure of the gunpowder
plot.
Some people also make a bonfire in
their gardens, and cook potatoes, apples
or sausages on the fire. They even grill
marshmallows!
Book 1 • Celebrate!
Page 24
On commencera par faire ouvrir le livre pour faire
observer les illustrations et textes de la page 24.
pages 24-25
On fera ensuite écouter l’enregistrement de
Remember, remember. C’est une comptine bien
connue des Britanniques, récitée tous les ans à
l’occasion de Bonfire Night.
Bonfire Night (Gunpowder Plot nursery rhyme)
➤ CD classe n° 1 plage 14
Tous les mots de vocabulaire ont été vus. On
traduira seulement “Should ever be forgot”,
(forgot est une forme ancienne de forgotten,
conservée pour la rime).
Cette comptine pourra être une occasion de
travailler le rythme et l’accent tonique. On pourra
par exemple demander aux élèves de recopier
rapidement dans leurs cahiers le texte de la
comptine, d’écouter, et de marquer au crayon de
papier les syllabes accentuées. Ils se rendront ainsi
compte de la régularité de ce rythme.
On pourra aussi leur demander de marquer le
rythme en tapant dans les mains ou en tapant du
pied pour chaque syllabe accentuée.
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Page 25 : Royal Family Tree
Cette page a pour but de présenter les monarques
britanniques à partir de Victoria, ainsi que
les membres importants de la famille royale
contemporaine. Dans le Do It Yourself, les élèves
réaliseront leur propre arbre généalogique,
ensuite affiché en classe.
The National Anthem
➤ CD classe n° 1 plage 15
Book 1 • Celebrate!
The National Anthem. Le texte et la mélodie de
l’hymne national remonteraient au XVIIe siècle. On
fera écouter cet extrait, dont l’air sera sans doute
connu des élèves. On les fera ensuite chanter,
en insistant sur la clarté de la prononciation, en
accord avec le rythme majestueux de la musique.
Les élèves disposent de leur CD-rom pour
s’entraîner à la maison.
On fera remarquer que lorsque le monarque est
un homme, l’hymne devient “God Save the King”.
On demandera aux élèves de lire cette strophe de
l’hymne en effectuant les changements nécessaires
(de “Queen” à “King”, mais aussi changement de
pronom dans “Send him victorious”). On notera
ces changements au tableau :
Queen > King
her > him
Texte intégral de l’hymne national
information) :
1. God save our gracious Queen,
Long live our noble Queen,
God save the Queen!
Send her victorious,
Happy and glorious,
Long to reign over us;
God save the Queen!
2. O Lord our God arise,
Scatter her enemies
And make them fall;
Confound their politics,
Frustrate their knavish tricks,
On Thee our hopes we fix,
God save us all!
3. Thy choicest gifts in store
On her be pleased to pour;
Long may she reign;
May she defend our laws,
And ever give us cause
To sing with heart and voice,
God save the Queen!
4. Not in this land alone,
But be God’s mercies known,
From shore to shore!
(pour
Lord make the nations see,
That men should brothers be,
And form one family,
The wide world over.
5. From every latent foe,
From the assassins blow,
God save the Queen!
O’er her thine arm extend,
For Britain’s sake defend,
Our mother, prince, and friend,
God save the Queen!
6. Lord grant that Marshal Wade
May by thy mighty aid
Victory bring.
May he sedition hush,
And like a torrent rush,
Rebellious Scots to crush.
God save the Queen!
● Do It Yourself
Classroom Royal Family Tree. Ce Do It Yourself a
pour but de familiariser les élèves avec les grands
personnages de la famille royale depuis le XIXe
siècle. Il donnera lieu à une courte présentation
orale, dont la trace écrite pourra rester affichée
dans la salle de classe sous forme d’arbre
généalogique.
Matériel : le professeur trouvera, p. 210-212 de
ce guide, 12 cartes à photocopier, correspondant
à l’arbre généalogique de la page 25.
Il photocopiera ces cartes pour que chaque élève
en ait une. En fonction du nombre d’élèves, deux
ou plusieurs élèves pourront avoir des cartes
identiques.
De plus, le professeur pourra décider de ne
distribuer que certaines cartes, par exemple :
- s’arrêter à la reine Elizabeth II, pour ne parler
que des monarques ayant effectivement régné ;
- supprimer les frères et sœur du Prince Charles,
puisque aucun ne sera appelé à régner, mais
conserver les fils du Prince Charles, dont on parle
souvent dans la presse ;
- afficher toutes les cartes dans la classe, mais ne
distribuer et ne faire préparer des présentations
que sur certains monarques jugés plus importants
(Victoria, Elizabeth, etc.).
Le professeur distribuera les cartes et expliquera le
principe de ce Do It Yourself : à la maison, chaque
élève devra décorer sa carte et lire les informations
qui y figurent en style télégraphique. Il n’aura
pas à apprendre ces informations par cœur, mais
s’entraînera à se servir de ces notes pour faire des
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phrases entières et présenter son personnage.
On pourra passer dans les rangs pour aider les
élèves pour les mots nouveaux, surtout pour leur
prononciation.
L’élève interrogé présentera son personnage à la
première personne (pour travailler le passage du
he / she au I). Il ne se servira pas forcément de
toutes les informations données sur sa carte, mais
choisira deux ou trois informations (ou plus, en
fonction du niveau des élèves), et il pourra ajouter
quelques appréciations à partir des éléments
donnés (exemple : My name was Victoria and
I was very powerful.)
Exemples de productions :
Pupil 1: I am Queen Victoria. I was born in 1819
and I died in 1901. I reigned from 1837 to 1901. I
had a very big Empire. I was Queen of India too. I
was very powerful etc.
Pupil 2: I am Queen Victoria. I had 9 children. In
1842, I was the first monarch to ride a train.
…
Pupil 8: My name is Charles. I am the Prince of
Wales. My mother is Queen Elizabeth II. She is the
Queen of England. I have two brothers and one
sister. I have two sons, William and Harry. I like
nature. I promote organic agriculture. Etc.
L’ordre des présentations suivra la chronologie
et la généalogie, pour aider les élèves à situer les
personnages dans le temps.
Au terme de chaque présentation, le professeur
accrochera les cartes au mur ou sur une grande feuille
de papier, pour reconstituer l’arbre généalogique,
sur le modèle de la page 25 du manuel.
Les présentations pourront toutes avoir lieu
lors de la même séance, ou l’on peut décider de
consacrer le début ou la fin de chaque séance à
une ou deux présentations, plusieurs cours de
suite.
(collected from different sources, including Buckingham
Palace official website)
- Victoria (1819-1901)
Reigned: 1837-1901
Victoria was the Queen of the United Kingdom of
Great Britain and Ireland from 1837 and the first
Empress of India from 1876. Her reign lasted sixtythree years and seven months, longer than that of any
other British monarch.
The Victorian era was a period of significant social,
economic and technological change, with a great
expansion of the British Empire.
Victoria, who was almost entirely of German descent,
was the last monarch of the House of Hanover; her
son King Edward VII belonged to the House of SaxeCoburg and Gotha.
The Queen married her first cousin, Prince Albert, in
1840. He was commonly known as the Prince Consort
and played an important role as political advisor. He
died in1861, devastating Victoria, who wore black for
the rest of her life. They had nine children.
Under her reign, the House of Commons’ power
increased, at the expense of the Lords and the monarch
who took on more of an advisory role. Victoria’s
monarchy placed a strong emphasis on morality
and family values, in contrast to the sexual, financial
and personal scandals that had been associated with
previous members of the House of Hanover.
Innovations of the Victorian era include postage
stamps, the first of which (issued in 1840) featured an
image of the Queen, and the railway, which Victoria
was the first British Sovereign to ride (1842). She was
also the first British monarch to be photographed.
Book 1 • Celebrate!
Ce Do It Yourself peut donc être utilisé de
différentes façons avec des groupes de niveaux
différents : avec un groupe très motivé, on pourra
aller jusqu’à faire faire quelques recherches sur les
monarques en question (au-delà des informations
données sur la carte). Avec un groupe plus faible,
on pourra se cantonner à quelques phrases très
simples, en insistant par exemple uniquement
sur les liens de parenté (exemple : I am Queen
Victoria’s son ; I am King George’s second child,
etc.), ou en restant au plus près des phrases
données sur la carte (exemple : I was the first
monarch to ride a train.).
Background information for the teacher
- Edward VII (1841-1910)
Reigned: 1901-1910
Several incidents, including a court appearance in a
notorious divorce case, caused Edward to be regarded
as unsuitable material for a future monarch. He
indulged in pursuits such as gambling and country
sports. He was also a patron of the arts and sciences
and helped found the Royal College of Music.
As a joke of the period went, “How is the Queen like
the weather? Because she reigns [rains], and reigns,
and reigns... and never gives the poor son [Sun] a
chance.” When Queen Victoria died on 22 January
1901, the Prince of Wales became king. Then 59, he
was the second oldest man to ascend to the throne
in British history (the oldest having been William IV,
who ascended at age 64).
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As king, Edward was mainly interested in foreign
affairs and naval and military matters. Fluent in
French and German, he made a number of visits
abroad. His 1903 visit to France fostered the Entente
Cordiale, an informal agreement delineating British
and French colonies in North Africa, marking the end
of Anglo-French rivalry and of Britain’s isolation from
the Continent.
Book 1 • Celebrate!
- George V (1865-1936)
Reigned: 1910-1936
King George and Queen Mary saw Britain through
World War I, a difficult time for the Royal Family,
as they had many German relatives. For example,
the German Emperor Wilhelm II was the king’s first
cousin. Writer H.G. Wells wrote about Britain’s “alien
and uninspiring court”, and George famously replied:
“I may be uninspiring, but I’ll be damned if I’m alien.”
In 1917, George V changed the name of the British
Royal House from the German-sounding "House of
Saxe-Coburg-Gotha" to the "House of Windsor", to
appease British nationalist feelings.
George took an interest in the political turmoil in
Ireland, expressing to Prime Minister Lloyd George
his horror at government-sanctioned killings and
reprisals.
During the General Strike of 1926 the King took
exception to suggestions that the strikers were
‘revolutionaries’, saying, “Try living on their wages
before you judge them.”
In 1932, he delivered a Royal Christmas speech on the
radio, which was to become an annual event.
George was a well-known stamp collector, and played
a large role in building the Royal Philatelic Collection
into the most comprehensive collection of United
Kingdom and Commonwealth stamps in the world.
By the silver jubilee of his reign in 1935, he had
become a well-loved king.
- Duke of Windsor (1894-1972)
Edward VIII (abdicated 1936)
When Edward was thirteen he became a naval cadet
before being sent to France to learn the language. He
returned to England in 1912 and studied at Magdalen
College, Oxford.
George V sent him on a series of royal tours, including
visits to Canada, the United States, the Caribbean,
India, Australia and New Zealand. Edward drew
large crowds and his obvious popularity made him
increasingly vain.
In 1930, while he was still Prince of Wales, Edward met
an American woman, Mrs Wallis Warfield Simpson,
and fell in love with her.
George V died in January 1936, and Edward VIII
succeeded him as king. He was determined to marry
Mrs Simpson, but could not convince the royal family
and government officials to accept a divorced woman as
his queen. On December 11th, he officially abdicated.
In a radio broadcast, he explained his decision to the
public, saying, “I have found it impossible to carry on
the heavy burden of responsibility and to discharge
the duties of king as I would wish to do without the
help and support of the woman I love.” His younger
brother succeeded him as King George VI and granted
Edward the title Duke of Windsor.
In 1934 Edward made comments suggesting he
supported the British Union of Fascists. His public
meeting with Adolf Hitler in 1937, accompanied by
his wife the Duchess, reinforced the belief that they
held Nazi sympathies. The British government also
discovered that Hitler planned to make Edward the
puppet king of the United Kingdom if the Germans
won the Second World War. When he heard the
news, Winston Churchill, the British Prime Minister,
arranged for the Duke of Windsor to leave Europe and
become the governor of the Bahamas.
After the war the Duke and Duchess lived in France.
Edward’s book, A King’s Story, appeared in 1951.
His wife’s book, The Heart has its Reasons, appeared
in 1956. Edward died in Paris in 1972. The Duchess
lived on until 1986.
- George VI (1895-1952)
Reigned: 1936-1952
Albert served in the Royal Navy from 1913 to 1917,
seeing action at the Battle of Jutland ; he then served
in the Royal Air Force.
In 1923 he married Lady Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon. The
couple had two daughters: Princess Elizabeth (born
1926, the current Queen Elizabeth II) and Princess
Margaret (1930-2002, later Countess of Snowdon).
A quiet family life was very much to his liking as he
was by nature rather shy, a situation aggravated by a
pronounced stammer.
However, when his elder brother decided to abdicate,
Albert was crowned King George VI in 1937.
His dignity and image as a family man helped to
restore the popular opinion of the monarchy.
When war broke out in 1939, George VI and his
wife stayed in London although they often escaped to
Windsor Castle to avoid bombing raids. They narrowly
avoided death when two German bombs exploded in a
courtyard at Buckingham Palace. Throughout the war,
the King and Queen provided morale-boosting visits
throughout the UK, visiting bomb sites and munition
factories. The Royal Family also adhered to rationing
restrictions.
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During the War, King George visited most of the battle
fronts where British and Empire troops were fighting,
including Normandy just 10 days after the invasion.
After the war, the King oversaw the initial phases of
changeover from Empire to Commonwealth (India
and Pakistan became independent in 1947).
- Queen Elizabeth II (b. 1926)
Her reign started in 1952.
The young Princess was educated at home, as was her
younger sister. Her governess was Marion Crawford,
better known as “Crawfie”. Elizabeth studied history
with C. H. K. Marten, Provost of Eton. She also
learned modern languages and she speaks French
fluently.
In 1940, Princess Elizabeth made her first broadcast,
addressing other children who had been evacuated.
In 1945, she convinced her father that she should be
allowed to contribute directly to the war effort. She
joined the Women’s Auxiliary Territorial Service, and
was trained as a driver. She was the first, and so far
only, female member of the royal family to actually
serve in the armed forces.
Elizabeth married The Duke of Edinburgh (born
Prince Philip of Greece and Denmark) in 1947. The
couple had four children.
Her Coronation took place on June 2nd, 1953.
It was televised and watched by millions. After
the Coronation, Elizabeth and Philip moved to
Buckingham Palace, but she also spends time at
Balmoral Castle, in Scotland, at Windsor Castle, and
at Sandringham House, in Norfolk.
She is the most widely-travelled British head of state
in history. In 1953-1954 she and Philip made a sixmonth around-the-world tour. She also became the
first reigning monarch of Australia, New Zealand and
Fiji to visit those nations. She has made state visits
to most European countries and to many outside
Europe, and regularly attends Commonwealth Heads
of Government meetings.
Much of the Queen’s role is ceremonial. She gives a
speech at the annual State Opening of Parliament,
outlining the government’s legislative agenda for
the year, but the speech is written by government
ministers, not by her.
Theoretically, as Head of State, she has the power to
declare war, to make peace and she has access to all
government minutes and documentation. She has a
weekly meeting with the British Prime Minister. The
Queen also meets the First Minister of Scotland and
She is the Supreme Governor of the Church of
England. Archbishops and bishops are formally
appointed by the Crown and sit in the House of Lords
as Lords Spiritual. The Queen often meets with leaders
from other religions as well.
She is Patron of over 620 charities and organisations
including: The Campaign to Protect Rural England
(CPRE), Canadian Medical Association, The Kennel
Club, NSPCC, Queen Elizabeth Hospital for
Children, The Society for the Promotion of Christian
Knowledge (SPCK), The Boys’ Brigade, Queens’
College, Cambridge.
On 21 April 2006, the Queen turned 80, making her
the third oldest reigning monarch in British history.
She has begun to hand over some public duties to her
children, though she has made it clear that she has no
intention of abdicating.
Elizabeth has become an icon. She is the subject of
“Her Majesty”, written by Paul McCartney and
featured on the Beatles’ final album Abbey Road (1969);
McCartney played the song at the Party at the Palace
concert during the Golden Jubilee in 2002. In 1977,
The Sex Pistols issued “God Save the Queen”, which
became a controversial hit single, inspiring the punk
rock movement. The Smiths released the song and
album The Queen Is Dead in 1986. The Pet Shop Boys
have a track called Dreaming of the Queen. The Queen
also plays detective in the Her Majesty Investigates
series of mystery novels by C.C. Benison. She was the
subject of a famous 2007 film, starring H. Mirren.
Book 1 • Celebrate!
On her 21st birthday, she made a broadcast pledging
to devote her life to the service of the people of the
Commonwealth and Empire.
receives reports from the new National Assembly for
Wales.
- Charles, Prince of Wales (b. 1948)
Instead of having a tutor, Prince Charles went to
school and mixed with children from non-royal
backgrounds.
He read archaeology, anthropology and history, at
Trinity College, Cambridge. He took an active part
in undergraduate life, appearing in several college
revues and gaining his university colours for polo. He
graduated in 1970 and took his seat in the House of
Lords.
After leaving university, The Prince of Wales followed
a military career.
He left the Royal Navy at the end of 1976 and currently
holds the rank of Vice-Admiral in the Royal Navy.
In 1981, he married Lady Diana Spencer in St Paul’s
Cathedral. They carried out many engagements in
Britain and overseas. They had two children, Prince
William and Prince Harry, who are second and third
in line of succession to the throne. The marriage was
dissolved in 1996. The Princess was still regarded as a
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member of the Royal Family. She continued to live at
Kensington Palace and to carry out her public work
for a number of charities.
In 2005, The Prince of Wales married Mrs Camilla
Parker Bowles in a civil ceremony at Windsor
Guildhall. The Duchess of Cornwall will use the title
HRH The Princess Consort when The Prince of Wales
accedes to the throne.
Book 1 • Celebrate!
Prince Charles is a Privy Counsellor and a Counsellor
of State. Although there is no formal constitutional
role for The Prince of Wales, he carries out over 600
official engagements a year. He also holds frequent
private meetings and discussions with Government
ministers, political figures, academics, experts and the
business community.
The Prince is associated, as a patron or president, with
around 360 organisations. ‘The Prince’s Charities’ is
a group of not-for-profit organisations of which he
is President. It is the largest multi-cause charitable
enterprise in the United Kingdom, raising over
£100 million annually. The organisations are active
across a broad range of areas, like education, health,
architecture, responsible business, organic farming, the
environment and the arts. They include The Prince’s
Trust, the Prince’s Scottish Youth Business Trust,
The Prince’s Drawing School, The Prince’s School of
Traditional Arts, The Prince of Wales’s Foundation
for Integrated Health, Responsible business and the
natural environment, The Prince of Wales Arts & Kids
Foundation, etc.
The Prince also occasionally represents The Queen at
overseas events, such as the handover of Hong Kong
in June 1997, and the funeral of Pope John Paul II
in Rome, in 2005. He has visited more than half
of the 54 Commonwealth states. The Cambridge
Commonwealth Trust (CCT), of which the Prince
was a co-founder in 1982, was set up to maintain and
strengthen educational ties between young people
from all over the Commonwealth. It helps to support
some 800 students from 32 Commonwealth countries
at Cambridge. Both within the Commonwealth
and elsewhere, Youth Business International (YBI)
helps disadvantaged young people to become
entrepreneurs.
The Prince is a keen sportsman. Up until 2005, he
raised money for charity by playing polo.
He is also a watercolourist. Lithographs of his paintings
are sold and all proceeds go to The Prince of Wales’s
Charitable Foundation.
He enjoys gardening, especially in his organic garden
at Highgrove.
- Anne, Princess Royal (b. 1950)
Anne is the second child and only daughter of The
Queen and The Duke of Edinburgh. After her ALevels, she began to undertake public engagements.
The Princess Royal has been married twice. She
married Lieutenant (later Captain) Mark Phillips of
The Queen’s Dragoon Guards in Westminster Abbey
in 1973, in a ceremony which was shown on television
around the world.
The marriage was dissolved in 1992 and she then
married Commander Timothy Laurence of the Royal
Navy at a private ceremony near Balmoral Castle.
The Princess’s first child (and The Queen’s first
grandchild) was born in 1977 and was christened Peter
Mark Andrew Phillips. The Princess’s second child was
born in 1981, Zara Anne Elizabeth.
The Princess Royal has a wide range of public roles,
with over 600 engagements a year. The Save the
Children Fund, of which she has been President since
1970, has given her insight into the needs of children
worldwide, and an understanding of the issues
affecting developing countries.
The Princess Royal is also a British representative in
the International Olympic Committee. She took
part in London’s successful bid to host the 2012
Olympic Games, and is now a member of the London
Organising Committee for the Olympic Games.
From her childhood, riding was her great passion. In
1971 she won the individual European Three-Day
Event at Burghley, and was nominated Sportswoman
of the Year by the Sports Writers’ Association, the
Daily Express newspaper and World Sport (the
journal of the British Olympic Association). She was
voted the BBC’s Sports Personality of 1971. She also
competed in the 1976 Montreal Olympic Games. She
is involved with many equine and veterinary charitable
organisations, such as Riding for the Disabled. The
Princess has written a book about her love of horses,
Riding Through My Life.
- Andrew, Duke of York (b. 1960)
Prince Andrew attented Gordonstoun School in
Morayshire, Scotland, where his father and elder
brother were educated before him. He studied for
his A-levels in English, history and economics, and
political science. He served for 22 years in the Royal
Navy as a helicopter pilot, seeing active service during
the Falklands Campaign of 1982.
Prince Andrew married Sarah Ferguson in 1986 at
Westminster Abbey. He was created The Duke of
York and Sarah became The Duchess of York (they
were divorced in 1996). Their first child was born in
London in 1988 and named Beatrice Elizabeth Mary
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of York. Their second child, Eugenie Victoria Helena,
was born in 1990.
Since leaving the Royal Navy, The Duke of York
has worked as the UK’s Special Representative for
International Trade and Investment. In this role, he
is responsible for promoting the UK as an attractive
business destination for inward investors, improving
opportunities for UK companies to expand their
export potential. He also works for over 100 charities
and other organisations. He has links with the Royal
Thames Yacht Club, the National Maritime Museum,
Greenwich, the Tall Ships Youth, Fight For Sight,
the British Deaf Association, or the National Society
for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children. He is
also president of the Association of Leading Visitor
Attractions, which represents Britain’s top tourist
destinations.
The Duke has a strong personal interest in the arts. In
2001 he took on the patronage of the English National
Ballet, whose previous patron was The Princess of
Wales. He has been Patron of the Royal Philharmonic
Orchestra since 2003.
- Edward, Earl of Essex (b. 1964)
Upon his marriage to Sophie Rhys-Jones in 1999,
Edward was created The Earl of Wessex and Viscount
Severn. In 1977 Prince Edward followed in the footsteps
of his father and brothers by going to Gordonstoun
School. There he took part in a wide range of physical
activities, including The Duke of Edinburgh’s Award.
He went on to gain a Gold Award. Amongst other
sports, he played rugby and squash, took gliding
lessons, and was a keen skier and sailor. He gained A
Levels in history, English literature and economic and
political studies. He studied history at Jesus College,
Cambridge, graduating in 1986. At university, he took
part in a number of theatrical productions.
After graduating from Cambridge, he worked in the
theatre and television production industries, successfully
running his own business, Ardent Productions. Prior
to that he worked for two theatrical production
companies, notably Andrew Lloyd Webber’s Really
Useful Theatre Company, looking after Phantom of
the Opera, Starlight Express and Cats.
His daughter, Louise, was born in 2003.
Edward announced in 2002 that he and The Countess
of Wessex would concentrate on royal duties. He
carries out over 300 engagements a year in the UK
and overseas. He particularly supports organisations
that provide opportunities for young people. He is
also associated with a number of sporting and artistic
The Earl of Wessex has been committed to the work
of The Duke of Edinburgh’s Award programme ever
since he achieved his Gold Award in 1986. The
Duke of Edinburgh’s Award was launched in the
United Kingdom in 1956 by Prince Philip, Duke of
Edinburgh, at the instigation of Kurt Hahn, the
educational pioneer and founding headmaster of
Gordonstoun School. The Award is a programme of
leisure-time activities available to all young people
between the ages of 14 and 25, designed to encourage
personal discovery, self-reliance, commitment,
responsibility and service to the community. There
are three separate attainment levels: Bronze, Silver and
Gold. To fulfil each level, a young person must choose
an activity within the four mandatory sections: Service,
Adventurous Journey, Skills and Physical Recreation.
Every year, around 500,000 young people participate
in the programme worldwide.
- Prince William of Wales (b. 1982)
Prince William is the eldest son of The Prince of Wales
and the late Diana, Princess of Wales.
He attended Eton College, Windsor, where he studied
Geography, Biology and History of Art. After passing
his A Levels, Prince William took a gap year, spending
time on manoeuvres in Belize, working on a farm in
the United Kingdom, helping in community projects
with other young people in a remote area of Chile and
visiting countries in Africa.
Book 1 • Celebrate!
The Duke of York has always enjoyed sport, particularly
swimming, cricket, rugby and football.
bodies. He is Vice Patron of the Commonwealth
Games Federation, and he serves as Patron of the
Scottish Badmington Union, the British Paralympic
Association, the Cambridge Symphony Orchestra,
Chetham’s School of Music, Manchester, the City of
Birmingham Symphony Orchestra, the Classworks
Theatre, Cambridge, The London Gardens Society,
the National Youth Theatre of Great Britain, Northern
Ballet Theatre, etc.
After returning to the UK, he studied at the University
of St. Andrews, Scotland. In June 2005 he graduated
in Geography. He then undertook a programme of
work experience which involved working at financial
institutions in the City of London, learning more about
land management on a country estate and working
with an RAF mountain rescue team in Wales.
In 2006, he entered the Royal Military Academy
Sandhurst, Surrey, to begin his training as an army
officer.
He is a keen sportsman and loves football, rugby,
tennis, swimming and water polo. He acted in school
plays, and enjoys reading and film-going.
Prince William’s first public appearance was on a
visit to Wales on St David’s Day (1 March) aged 8.
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Since then, he has undertaken a number of public
engagements. Following the death of the Princess of
Wales, Prince William attended his mother’s funeral
at Westminster Abbey on 6 September 1997. In the
same year he made another official appearance at
Westminster Abbey, when he attended the service of
thanksgiving to mark the Golden Wedding of The
Queen and The Duke of Edinburgh in November
1997. In 2002, he attended celebrations to mark the
Golden Jubilee of his grandmother. In July 2005 he
visited New Zealand, supporting the British and Irish
Lions rugby team on their tour to New Zealand, and
representing The Queen in Wellington and Auckland
at events to commemorate the end of the Second
World War.
In 2005 he became Patron of Centrepoint, the UK’s
leading youth homelessness charity. He has also
become President of The Football Association, the
governing body of English football.
Book 1 • Celebrate!
Prince William is Patron of the Tusk Trust, an African
conservation charity based in the UK.
- Prince Henry of Wales (b. 1984)
Prince Harry attended the same schools as his brother.
In 1997 he accompanied The Prince of Wales to South
Africa, where he was able to go on safari before joining
his father at a concert featuring the Spice Girls, and
meeting President Nelson Mandela.
Prince Harry celebrated his 18th birthday on 15
September 2002. To mark the occasion, The Queen
gave him his own unique coat of arms.
In 2003 he left Eton College with A Levels in Art and
Geography. He then spent the first part of his gap year
in Australia, followed by a stay in Africa, where he
worked in an orphanage in Lesotho. This led him to
create Sentebale, a charity helping children and young
people in Lesotho.
In 2004 Prince Harry, Prince William and their father,
The Prince of Wales, accompanied The Queen and
The Duke of Edinburgh to the opening of the Diana,
Princess of Wales Memorial Fountain in Hyde Park,
London.
In 2005, Harry entered the Royal Military Academy
Sandhurst. He has now joined the Household Cavalry,
and is currently serving as an Armoured Reconnaissance
Troop Leader. In May 2007, he was at the centre of a
controversy, when the military authorities decided he
should not be sent to Irak as planned. The argument
was that his royal status made him a prime target for
terrorists, thereby endangering the lives of his men.
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