Module_2-4-en [Kompatibilitätsmodus]

Anthropometric requirements concerning workplace
design/functional dimensions
Overview
Area of reach
Active area
Body space envelope
Workplace type: standing
Safety distances
Maximum and minimum gaps
Workplace types
Workplace type: seated
Module 2-4
V 1.2-2011
1 of 13
Area of reach and active area
Area of reach
Section at normal working height
Max. area of reach
Males 50
Females 44
44
Active
area
Small
area
of reach
M 25
F 20
M 80
F 72
M 154
F 138
Dimensions in cm
Dimensions
in cm
Module 2-4
V 1.2-2011
2 of 13
Determining the area of reach on a switch panel
Determining the upper and lower actuation limit
Posture:
Standing upright directly in front of the panel
Operator population:
F 5 to M 95 (aged 18-59)
M 95
Based upon anthropometric dimensions:
(to DIN 33402-2:2007)
F5
M 95
Downward reach
700
855
Upward reach
1870
2235
Dimensions in mm (including 30 mm footwear)
Limit downwards: M 95
F5
Location of actuating
elements requiring
frequent use (adjusters,
writing implements,
switches, buttons)
M 95
F5
Borderline permissible
location of manual
controls requiring
infrequent actuation
Limit upwards: F5
Module 2-4
V 1.2-2011
3 of 13
Space envelope (space requirement, compensatory movements)
Body space envelope for the postures of lying and squatting
To DIN 33402-3:1984
(Human body dimensions; movement room at different normal positions and movements)
Access openings for trunk and head
To EN 547-3:2009
(Safety of machinery – Human body measurements – Part:
Anthropometric data)
Module 2-4
V 1.2-2011
A
A
4 of 13
Reach (safety distances) – minimum and maximum distances
Maximum anatomical reach
Unfavourable
Favourable
e. g.
a=1500 mm
Protective
design
c= 700 mm
Danger zone
b
b≥ 1800 mm
a
< 750
mm
> 750
mm
Reference plane
c
EN ISO 13857:2008
Maximum distances
a
6
Inability of limbs to pass at clear widths
of profile openings
1
10
a
100mm
Based on Neudörfer, A. (2002)
Minimum distances
Minimum distance for the foot:
Safe passage of body parts of a
defined user group through existing
danger zones
Module 2-4
V 1.2-2011
Minimum distance for the finger:
120 mm
25 mm
see EN 349:2009
5 of 13
Basic workplace types: seated workplace – standing/seated workplace
M95
F5
M95
F5
M95
F5
M50
F50
Seated workplace
Fixed workbench
height
based on M95
Variable seat height
and footrest
Module 2-4
Variable workbench
height
Variable seat height
V 1.2-2011
Standing/seated workplace
Averaged fixed workbench height
based on M50/F50
Variable seat height
Variable footrest
6 of 13
Basic workplace types: standing workplace
M95
F5
Fixed workbench height
variable Standing height
M95
F5
Standing workplace
Variable workbench height
Platform
Module 2-4
M95
F5
M50
F50
Averaged fixed
workbench height
Based upon M50/F50
V 1.2-2011
7 of 13
Facility for adjustment of dimensions, area of reach and active area, with reference
to the example of a forestry planting plough
Problem areas
Unfavourable postures:
Lumbar spine
Leg posture
Module 2-4
V 1.2-2011
8 of 13
Facility for adjustment of dimensions, area of reach and active area, with reference
to the example of a forestry planting plough
Design
Planter distance piece:
Moveable, various lengths
Plant box:
Area of
reach
Plant box within easy reach and
inclined
Seat and footrests:
Seat and footrests
adjustable
Reduction of the seat
height
Seat with left-hand armrest
Module 2-4
V 1.2-2011
9 of 13
Example
Sewing workplace
Module 2-4
V 1.2-2011
10 of 13
Important literature for Module 2-4
DIN Taschenbuch 390 Körpermaße und Körperkräfte
EN ISO 14738:2009 Safety of machinery – Anthropometric requirements for the design of
workstations at machinery
EN 547-2:2009 Safety of machinery – Human body measurements – Part 2: Principles for
determining the dimensions required for access openings
EN ISO 3411:2009 Earth-moving machinery – Physical dimensions of operators and
minimum operator space envelope
EN ISO 6682:2009 Earth moving machinery – Zones of comfort and reach for controls
ISO 3958:1978 Road vehicles - Passenger cars – Driver hand-control reach
DIN 5566-1:2006 Railway vehicles – Driver cabs – Part 1: General requirements
DIN 5566-2:2006 Railway vehicles – Driver cabs – Additional requirements for standards
gauge railway vehicles
DIN 15996:2008 Image and sound production in film and video studios and radio stations –
Principles and provisions for a work station
Module 2-4
V 1.2-2011
11 of 13
Important literature for Module 2-4
DIN 33402-3:1984 Human body dimensions; movement room at different normal positions
and movements)
DIN 33406:1988 Workplace dimensions in production; terminology, types and dimensions of
workplaces
DIN 33408-1: Body templates – Part1: for seats of all kinds
EN ISO 13857:2008 Safety of machinery – Safety distances to prevent hazard zones being
reached by upper and lower limbs
EN 349:2009 Safety of machinery – Minimum gaps to avoid crushing of parts of the human
body
EN ISO 13850:2009 Safety of machinery – Emergency stop – Principles for design
VDI/VDE 3546 Blatt 1:1987 Design of process control rooms; general considerations
VDI/VDE 3850 Blatt 1:2000 User-friendly design of useware for machines
For further standards, see www.nora.kan.de
Module 2-4
V 1.2-2011
12 of 13
Important literature for Module 2-4
BULLINGER, H.-J. (1994): Ergonomie: Produkt- und Arbeitsplatzgestaltung. Stuttgart:
Teubner.
GRANDJEAN, E. (1991): Physiologische Arbeitsgestaltung: Leitfaden der Ergonomie.
4th edition, Landsberg: Ecomed.
HETTINGER, T.; WOBBE, G. (EDS.) (1993): Kompendium der Arbeitswissenschaft:
Optimierungsmöglichkeiten zur Arbeitsgestaltung und Arbeitsorganisation.
Ludwigshafen (Rhein): Kiehl.
INSTITUT FÜR ANGEWANDTE ARBEITSWISSENSCHAFT E.V. (Eds.) (1989):
Arbeitsgestaltung in Produktion und Verwaltung. Taschenbuch für den Praktiker.
Cologne: Wirtschaftsverlag Bachem.
KIRCHNER, J.-H.; BAUM E. (1990): Ergonomie für Konstrukteure und Arbeitsgestalter.
Munich: Carl Hanser.
KIRCHNER, A.; KIRCHNER, J.-H.; KLIEM, M.; MÜLLER, J. M. (1990):
Räumlichergonomische Gestaltung: Handbuch. 1st edition. Bremerhaven:
Wirtschaftsverlag NW Verlag für neue Wissenschaft. (Publications of the Bundesanstalt
für Arbeitsmedizin und Arbeitsschutz, Article 632).
LANGE, W.; WINDEL, A. (2008): Kleine ergonomische Datensammlung. Dortmund:
Bundesanstalt für Arbeitsschutz und Arbeitsmedizin.
Module 2-4
V 1.2-2011
13 of 13