Biographies / Résumés - Conseil international d`études canadiennes

Biographies /
Abstracts / Résumés
Biographies /
Abstracts / Résumés
Canada Exposed – May 27 to 29, 2008 /
Le Canada à découvert – 27 au 29 mai 2008
Abulof, Uriel
Dr. Abulof earned his Ph.D. in the Department of International Relations at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. He currently
conducts his research as a Fulbright Scholar at New York University’s Taub Center for Israel Studies and at Princeton University’s
Liechtenstein Institute on Self-Determination of the Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs.
M. Abulof a obtenu son doctorat au Département des relations internationales de l’Université hébraïque de Jérusalem. Il poursuit
actuellement ses recherches à titre de titulaire d’une bourse d’études Fulbright au Taub Center for Israel Studies de l’Université de
New York et au Liechtenstein Institute on Self-Determination de la Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs de
l’Université de Princeton.
Abstract
A State of Anomy: The Rise and Fall of Modern Autonomy in Canada, discerns three phases in the ethical-political evolution of
both English and French Canadians, arguing that in either case a postmodern anomy has recently superseded the modern call for
autonomy.
Arentsen, Maria Fernanda
Maria Fernanda Arentsen est professeure adjointe au Collège universitaire de Saint-Boniface (Manitoba). Elle travaille dans une
perspective comparatiste les littératures québécoise et latino-américaine. Ses intérêts portent sur le postcolonialisme, l’identité,
l’altérité, l’écriture migrante, les frontières, le déplacement, les exclusions, la violence et la mondialisation.
Maria Fernanda Arentsen is Assistant Professor at the Collège universitaire de Saint-Boniface (Manitoba). Her work is a
comparatist perspective of Québécois and Latin-American literature. Her interests are in postcolonialism, identity, alterity, migrant
writings, boundaries, displacement, exclusion, violence, and globalisation.
Résumé
Le projet multiculturel du Canada, une autre utopie en échec...?
Pour beaucoup d’intellectuels le projet multiculturel canadien représente la réalisation d’une utopie, celle de la coexistence
pacifique des différents groupes humains. La société canadienne en effet, s’est dotée d’un système légal permettant la coexistence
de toute sorte de minorités ethniques et religieuses. Or, malgré les bonnes intentions des lois, beaucoup de ressortissants des
groupes dits ethniques ne se considèrent pas comme des Canadiens à part entière, mais comme l’altérité. Dans ce contexte, on peut
se demander si les écrivains et les écrivaines qui abordent le problème de l’identité perçoivent l’altérité comme une identité opposé
à la société d’accueil, s’ils perçoivent l’Autre au sein une société d’accueil conformée par une multiplicité d’identités qui dessinent
la mosaïque canadienne (ainsi, l’Autre serait une altérité par rapport à toutes les altérités) ou, encore, s’ils perçoivent l’Autre
comme un individu disposant d’une identité mobile. Dans tous ces cas, l’identité de l’Autre qui provient d’une culture différente,
qui a connu le déplacement, reste l’altérité. Cet Autre dé-placé installe son discours au sein d’un dialogue social qui évolue entre
l’acceptation et le refus, entre la tolérance et l’abjection. Dans le contexte de la discussion proposé pour ce congrès, « le Canada à
découvert », il nous intéresse d’analyser comment certains intellectuels et écrivains explorent la problématique de l’altérité au sein
du multiculturalisme canadien au XXIe siècle.
Aya Smitmans, Maria Teresa
B.A. in International Relations, Brown University, MA Political Science Universidad de los Andes, Colombia, PhD Candidate in
Political Studies, Universidad Externado de Colombia. Editor: Canadá-Colombia 50 años de Relaciones, UEC, 2003; Canadá,
Colombia y las Américas, UEC, 2001. Author: “La política exterior de Canadá: agenda Siglo XXI” OASIS 98, UEC, 1999;
“Human Security: where there is no security there can be no peace,” ACUNS, 2004; “President Uribe’s Democratic Security vis a
vis Human Security” Human Security Bulletin, Vancouver, 2006.
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Baccalauréat en relations internationales, Brown University, maîtrise en sciences politiques, Universidad de los Andes, Colombie,
aspirante au doctorat en études politiques, Universidad Externado de Colombia. Rédactrice en chef : Canadá-Colombia 50 años de
Relaciones, UEC, 2003; Canadá, Colombia y las Américas, UEC, 2001. Auteure : « La política exterior de Canadá: agenda Siglo
XXI », OASIS 98, UEC, 1999; « Human Security: where there is no security there can be no peace », AUCEN, 2004; « President
Uribe´s Democratic Security vis a vis Human Security », Human Security Bulletin, Vancouver, 2006.
Abstract
Is Canada wearing a mask when it comes to its foreign policy in Latin America?
Although, Canada’s Foreign Policy is built on international cooperation and the support of human rights, from the Latin American
perspective, these Canadian pillars ring more as an echo of hollow words than as solid commitments. In addition, “former
diplomats Bill Dymond and Michael Hart noted recently, [that] Canadian foreign policy suffers from inherent weaknesses [and]
chief among these is the predominance of sentiment over interest and a propensity for [a] declaratory foreign policy without
serious and sustained commitment.” (The Globe and Mail, April 15th, 2003). These facts make Canadian foreign policy vulnerable
to criticism from those who believe in a liberal foreign policy and see only words coming out of Canada; such is the case in Latin
America. The purpose of this paper is to focus on Canadian foreign policy initiatives in Latin America amongst which are its
economic and social cooperation activities and its foreign aid to the region and analyze them in light of the current criticisms. One
of the key questions is whether or not Canada’s liberal internationalism is capable of addressing central issues affecting Latin
America.
Baldwin, Andrew
Andrew Baldwin is a SSHRC Postdoctoral Fellow/Assistant Professor in the Department of Geography, Queen’s University. His
research interests include boreal forest politics, international forest policy and the historical geography of nature. He is currently
working on a project that explores the relationship between race, nature, and the historical geographies of whiteness in Canada.
Andrew Baldwin est détenteur d’une bourse de perfectionnement post-doctoral du CRSH et professeur adjoint au Département de
géographie de l’Université Queen’s. Ses recherches portent sur les aspects politiques de la forêt boréale, la politique forestière
internationale et la géographie historique de la nature. Il travaille actuellement à un projet qui vise à examiner la relation entre la
race, la nature et les géographies historiques de la blancheur au Canada.
Abstract
Whiteness, Nature and Canadian Conservation Politics
The paper will examine select examples of the descriptions of regulatory programs presented by Canadian provincial and federal
governments since they first put in place the current system of environmental law. Comparisons will be made between the realities
of such programs and those images presented to the Canadian public. To the extent possible, the gap between reality and
promotional images will be explored, in terms of regional differentiation and trends over time. The theoretical basis for the paper is
the assumption that all the major environmental policy actors – governments, business firms and environmentalists – share an
interest in “environmental legitimacy” because it is an important source of political power. This leads to both the exaggerated
claims examined here and a three-way dynamic by which the norms of environmental legitimacy are continually being redefined.
The environmental rhetoric of governments is an important part of that process, contributing both to government self-interest in the
form of electoral advantage and also to the framing of the environmental problem and policy objectives.
Beneventi, Domenic
Domenic Beneventi is a post-doctoral fellow in the literature department at the Université de Sherbrooke. His research project
examines the representation of poverty and homelessness in Canadian / Québécois literature. He is co-editor of Adjacencies:
Minority Writing in Canada (Guernica 2003) and has published on urban writing in Canada.
Domenic Beneventi est détenteur d’une bourse de perfectionnement post-doctoral au Département de littérature de l’Université de
Sherbrooke. Son projet de recherche porte sur la représentation de la pauvreté et de l’itinérance en littérature canadienne et
québécoise. Il a codirigé Adjacencies: Minority Writing in Canada, Guernica, 2003, et a publié des textes sur la rédaction en
milieu urbain au Canada.
Abstract
Exposed to the Elements: Homelessness in Recent Canadian Fiction
While much media attention is paid each year to the United Nations consistently rating Canada as having one of the highest
standards of living in the world, much less is said of the UN’s criticisms of Canada’s inaction on the problems of poverty and
homelessness in this country. Recent provincial estimates range from 1000 homeless in Calgary to 10,000 in Montreal. Despite the
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difficulties of arriving at precise numbers, these staggering figures are at odds with the prevailing national narrative of a
democratically inclusive, prosperous, and egalitarian first-world country that benefits from a strong and progressive social safety
net.
While there is a tradition within Canadian literary criticism of describing national identity in spatial paradigms (landscape,
territory, regionalism, nordicity), it is only recently that critics have begun to deal with urban themes in Canadian literature. This
paper exposes the figure of the homeless body in Canadian writing with an eye to the various political discourses and spatial
practices which seek to render such a body invisible, criminal, and out of sight. The national narrative of a prosperous, first-world
nation built upon progressive social and economic policies is undermined by the homeless bodies that are exposed to the elements
and “exposed” in recent Canadian fiction, revealing the disavowed underbelly of poverty in Canadian society.
Bouchard, Vincent
Vincent Bouchard est stagiaire postdoctoral au laboratoire NT2 (UQAM – financement FQRSC) où il mène des recherches sur
l’oralité cinématographique en collaboration avec Johanne Villeneuve. Il est également membre du groupe de recherche sur les
pratiques orales dirigé par Germain Lacasse (Université de Montréal). En juin 2006, il a soutenu une thèse de doctorat portant sur
une exploration historique et esthétique des techniques légères synchrones à l’Office national du film du Canada, en cotutelle dans
un programme de littérature comparée à l’Université de Montréal et en études cinématographiques à l’université Sorbonne
Nouvelle Paris III. Il a récemment publié dans de la revue 1895, un article intitulé «Les traces des dispositifs cinématographiques
légers et synchrones dans les archives techniques de l’ONF» (in 1895, n° 51, mai 2007, Paris).
Vincent Bouchard is postdoctoral fellow at the Laboratoire NT2 (UQAM—funding from FQRSC) where he guides research in
cinematic orality in collaboration with Johanne Villeneuve. He is also a member of the research group on oral practices, which is
guided by Germain Lacasse (Université de Montréal). His doctoral thesis, completed in June 2006, was a historical exploration and
an analysis of the aesthetics and innovations of sync-sound techniques at the National Film Board of Canada. His Ph.D. was
undertaken as a dual-degree program in comparative literature, Université de Montréal, and in cinematic studies, Université
Sorbonne Nouvelle Paris III. His article “Les traces des dispositifs cinématographiques légers et synchrones dans les archives
techniques de l’ONF” was recently published in the journal 1895.
Résumé
Le Programme Société Nouvelle / Challenge for Change
Malgré leurs différences, un groupe de cinéaste (dont Maurice Bulbulian, Jacques Leduc, Colin Low et Léonard Forest) lance un
programme de production bilingue, Société Nouvelle / Challenge for change, reposant sur des pratiques cinématographiques très
spécifiques : un matériel léger et synchrone; une étroite collaboration entre les cinéastes et les personnes filmées ; une mise en
scène de la réalité qui en révèle d’autres aspects. L’objectif de ces cinéastes est de permettre aux personnes filmées d’exprimer
ensemble des préoccupations propres à leur communauté. Dans cette communication, je propose de comparer la manière dont ces
cinéastes participent au programme Société Nouvelle / Challenge for change. J’ai l’intention de centrer cette présentation sur trois
cas particulier : les projets de Colin Low aux îles Fogo, La noce est pas finie (1971) réalisé par Léonard Forest avec un groupe de
citoyens du comté de Gloucester et La petite Bourgogne (1968) réalisé par Maurice Bulbulian avec des montréalais menacés
d’expulsion de leur quartier. À chaque fois, et de manière différentes, ces cinéastes dévoilent un aspect du Canada. Lors de la
réalisation de ces projets, ils permettent aux personnes filmées d’exprimer des enjeux de leur situation socioculturelle, dont ces
derniers ne sont pas forcément conscients. Dans ces exemples, le cinéaste, et avec lui l’ensemble du dispositif d’enregistrement,
entre en contact avec la réalité filmée et, ainsi, dépasse la simple observation pour, d’un côté, accompagner la réaction des
personnes filmées et, de l’autre, provoquer une réflexion chez le spectateur. Le film ainsi réalisé repose sur un agencement
hétérogène autant sur le plan de l’image audiovisuelle, de la figuration des personnages que des temporalités.
Bruti-Liberati, Luigi
Full Professor of Contemporary History, President of the Italian Association of Canadian Studies 2005-2008. 1990 Visiting
Professor at the Mariano Elia Chair in Italo-Canadian Studies, York University, Toronto. 1985 Fulbright Scholar at Boston
College. 1980-81 Research Fellow of the University of Toronto Ethnic and Immigration Studies Program. Author of Il
Canada,l’Italia e il fascismo, 1919-1922 (Roma: Bonacci Editore, 1984); (with L. Codignola), Storia del Canada. Dalle origini ai
giorni nostri (Milano: Bompiani, 1999; “Words, Words, Words”. La guerra fredda dell’USIS in Italia (Milano: CUEM, 2004);
“The internment of Italian Canadians”, in F. Iacovetta, R. Perin, A. Principe eds., Enemies Within (Toronto: University of Toronto
Press, 2000).
Professeur titulaire d’histoire contemporaine, président de l’Association italienne d’études canadiennes de 2005 à 2008. En 1990,
professeur invité à la chaire Mariano Elia en études italo-canadiennes, Université York, Toronto. En 1985, titulaire d’une bourse
d’études Fulbright au Boston College. En 1980-1981, chercheur de l’Ethnic and Immigration Studies Program de l’Université de
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Toronto. Auteur de Il Canada, l’Italia e il fascismo, 1919-1922, Rome, Bonacci Editore, 1984; (avec L. Codignola), Storia del
Canada. Dalle origini ai giorni nostri, Milan, Bompiani, 1999; « Words, Words, Words », La guerra fredda dell’USIS in Italia,
Milan, CUEM, 2004; « The internment of Italian Canadians », sous la direction de F. Iacovetta, R. Perin, A. Principe, Enemies
Within, Toronto, University of Toronto Press, 2000.
Abstract
Multiculturalism, Peacekeeping and Pacifism: A Reappraisal of Canada’s Foreign Policy Since 9/11
Among the oddities of the War on Terror, one must note a peculiarity. It can be safely said that, in recent years, most written and
oral debates on foreign policy, terrorism and related issues, in Canada and elsewhere, have made use of definitions that are, to say
the least, very confusing. This paper will address, both political history and modern language issues. Some linguistic differences
occurred even before 9/11. They are worth mentioning since their impact is still felt in recent debates. The reference is to the
meaning of the word “peace”. In Canada, since 1956 that word has come to be very popular. When used in conjunction with the
verbs “to keep”, “to build” or “to make” it is now the public’s preference for the major, or better the only, role of the Canadian
Forces in the international arena. As it happens, once adopted and endorsed by the general public and public opinion makers,
definitions are often misused and may generate dangerous misunderstandings. New meaningless phrases spring out and platitudes
become accepted wisdoms. One such platitude is the new phrase “soldiers of peace”, coined to define the UN “blue berets”
involved in peacekeeping operations all around the world. To every schooled person the phrase should appear as an oximoron and
a kind of linguistic monster. Also, in Canada “multiculturalism” has gradually evolved into a keyword used to describe the
uniqueness of the country’s cultural and social fabric. Quite naturally, politicians and commentators have recently started to apply
that concept to foreign policy. The result is that today many people speak of a “multicultural” Canadian foreign policy. Some also
speak of a “pacifist” Canadian foreign policy.
Cartigny, Florence
Florence Cartigny is a PhD student from the University of Bordeaux 3, Department of Canadian Studies, France. Her thesis is a
comparative study of the different policies implemented by the provincial in Western Canada from the 1980s. She is especially
interested in left- and right-ideologies and differences, in health care and in post-secondary funding.
Florence Cartigny est étudiante au doctorat à l’Université de Bordeaux 3, Département d’études canadiennes, France. Sa thèse est
une étude comparative des différentes politiques mises en œuvre par les provinces dans l’Ouest canadien à partir des années 1980.
Elle s’intéresse en particulier aux idéologies et aux différences entre la gauche et la droite, aux soins de santé et au financement
des études postsecondaires.
Abstract
Are Saskatchewan Rural Communities the New Forgotten Solitudes?
Today’s rural communities in Saskatchewan face considerable challenges in dealing with new demographic and fiscal realities and
with growing agricultural hardships so much so that they definitely feel vulnerable to the threat of depopulation, unemployment
and financial failures. The availability of public services has been reduced, which discourages newcomers or young families from
settling into rural Saskatchewan: a sense of vulnerability often dominates in those areas where people feel forgotten by the NDP
government in Regina which is in their minds unable to protect their interests. Besides, while the rural economy has diversified
beyond its exclusively agricultural base, the new employment generated has not been sufficient to offset the population losses due
to agricultural consolidation. Corporate farms run by managers in Regina or Saskatoon are becoming more and more common
while small farmers have to face a growing number of financial challenges. As a result, people have been moving out of rural areas
into the cities, searching for a more stable way of life. It is now clear that community economic viability in rural Saskatchewan
must be exposed and boosted and that the rural quality of life should be strengthened otherwise this feeling of being financially
unsecured will not disappear. Faced with those long-standing hardships, the provincial government claims to be committed to
strengthening development throughout rural Saskatchewan and to helping rural communities diversify and grow. Accordingly,
various policies have been implemented provincially. Since 1999, the provincial government has spent more than $520 million
each year in expenditures and tax exemptions for Saskatchewan farmers. Because there is so much instability in agriculture, the
government has focused on economic diversification, investing in natural resources and business sectors. And farmers have
realized they have to diversify as well. But, on the other hand, the government has shut down a great number of schools and
hospitals in rural areas, raising the staunch criticism of the Saskatchewan Party whose electoral bastions are located in rural
constituencies. This paper is aimed at exposing the financial hardships and vulnerabilities of Saskatchewan rural communities
while assessing the impact of the policies carried out by the NDP government and the viability of the proposals put forward by the
Saskatchewan Party which claims its ability to be more supportive of rural areas.
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Chandra, Subhash
Reader (Associate Professor) in English, University of Delhi, India. Publications include several research articles and four critical
books, the latest being Lesbian Voices: Canada and the World: Theory, Literature, Cinema (2006). Guest Editing a Special Issue
on India of refereed E-Journal: Intersections: Gender and Sexuality in Asia and the Pacific published from Australian National
University, Canberra. Shastri Indo-Canadian Fellowship recipient, and presently working on a post-doctoral project: Canadian
Multiculturalism and the Print Media, at the University of Toronto.
Maître de conférences (professeur agrégé) en anglais, Université de Delhi, Inde. Ses publications comprennent plusieurs articles de
recherche et quatre ouvrages critiques, le dernier étant Lesbian Voices: Canada and the World: Theory, Literature, Cinema
(2006). A dirigé dans le cadre d’une collaboration spéciale un numéro spécial sur l’Inde d’une revue électronique évaluée par des
pairs : Intersections: Gender and Sexuality in Asia and the Pacific, publiée par l’Australian National University, Canberra.
Titulaire d’une bourse de l’Institut indo-canadien Shastri, travaille actuellement à un projet post-doctoral : Canadian
Multiculturalism and the Print Media, à l’Université de Toronto.
Abstract
A Multiniched Haven: Lesbianism and Canadian Cultural Pluralism
The measure of a country being a true democracy lies in the manner in which it negotiates difference and ensures human rights
equitably to all groups and categories of its citizens. Homophobia, which is prevalent across the globe in varying degrees warps the
perspectives on homosexuality, leading to oppression and at times victimization of lesbians and gays. Canada provides a marked
contrast to the rest of the world. It is one of the four countries, which has legalized same-sex marriage, the other three being
Belgium, Netherlands and Spain. I will examine the issue of lesbianism vis-à-vis Canadian cultural pluralism along the following
axes:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Laws and lesbians: the legal positioning of lesbians in the present and in the recent past will be reviewed.
Lesbianism and the political environment: The focus will be on how politicians, political parties, and institutions have
reacted to and dealt with the sexually different category of people.
Representation of lesbianism in Canadian literature: Some Canadian lesbian stories will be discussed to determine
whether they are homophobic or celebratory of lesbian desire and identity.
Social attitudes: Lived experiences of lesbians in Canadian society will be posited to expose the social underbelly of
Canadian society and the gap between law and social praxis.
Comparison: A brief comparison with Indian literature will be made to evaluate and judge the Canadian situation vis-avis the lived experience and representation of lesbians in literature.
The paper would attempt to argue that lesbians in Canada are accorded a fair amount of freedom and the same civil rights as others
– definitely far greater than the rest of the world - and enjoy a life of dignity and self – worth. The defining features of Canada can
thus be summed up as heterogeneity, cultural pluralism and collapsing of the binary of the Self/Other in relation to minorities of all
kinds.
Chapnick, Adam
Dr. Adam Chapnick is the deputy director of education and research at the Canadian Forces College and an assistant professor of
defense studies at the Royal Military College of Canada. He is the author of The Middle Power Project: Canada and the Founding
of the United Nations and co-editor of Canadas of the Mind: The Making and Unmaking of Canadian Nationalisms in the
Twentieth Century.
M. Adam Chapnick est directeur adjoint de l’éducation et de la recherche au Collège des Forces canadiennes et chargé
d’enseignement des études de la défense au Collège militaire royal du Canada. Il est l’auteur de The Middle Power Project:
Canada and the Founding of the United Nations et a codirigé Canadas of the Mind: The Making and Unmaking of Canadian
Nationalisms in the Twentieth Century.
Abstract
The Golden Age of Canadian Foreign Policy Exposed
Critics of the state of contemporary Canadian foreign policy often reflect longingly on an age when Ottawa was said to have
punched above its weight on the world stage. Most focus on the period including and immediately following the Second World
War, a time when Canada maintained the world’s second highest standard of living and enjoyed a reputation for active, effective,
and even selfless involvement in multilateral organizations such as the United Nations, the Commonwealth, and NATO. Recent
scholarship has challenged this notion of a golden age, suggesting that Canada’s influence in the world at the time has been
exaggerated and that Canadian motivations were more self-interested than has traditionally been maintained. That debate is
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important, but the focus upon it has been to the neglect of a crucial gap in the literature. No attempt has yet been made to trace the
origins of the idea of the golden age empirically. Who first used the phrase? What motivated them to do so? What exactly did they
mean? And has that meaning evolved over time? This paper seeks to track and then expose the history of the idea of the golden age
of Canadian foreign policy. It combines intellectual history with public policy analysis in an effort to understand how an idea,
broadly conceived, can become the focal point of a nation’s efforts to project, critique, and evolve a role for itself on the world
stage.
Churgin, Michael J.
Michael J. Churgin is the Raybourne Thompson Centennial Professor in Law at the University of Texas in Austin. He joined the
faculty in 1975, following being graduated from Brown University and Yale Law School, where he was an editor of the Yale Law
Journal and served as a teaching fellow for two years. Professor Churgin teaches and writes in the fields of immigration, criminal
procedure, mental health law, and legal history. During spring 2000, he was the Quatercentenary Visiting Fellow at Emmanuel
College, Cambridge, UK.
Michael J. Churgin est professeur de droit et titulaire de la chaire Raybourne Thompson Centennial à l’Université du Texas à
Austin. Il s’est joint au corps professoral en 1975, après avoir obtenu un diplôme à la Brown University et à la Yale Law School,
où il était rédacteur en chef du Yale Law Journal et où il a été adjoint à l’enseignement pendant deux ans. Le professeur Churgin
enseigne et écrit dans les domaines de l’immigration, de la procédure pénale, du droit de la santé mentale et de l’histoire juridique.
Au printemps 2000, il a été le Quatercentenary Visiting Fellow à l’Emmanuel College de Cambridge, R.-U.
Abstract
Canada’s Cooperation with the United States in Asylum (Convention Refugee) Processing
After the events of 9/11/2001, there were considerable efforts by the United States to persuade Canada to cooperate with the
United States in border controls. The two nations signed a “Smart Border” initiative, which included a pledge of cooperation in
asylum (convention refugee) adjudication. This eventually led to the signing and implementation of a so-called Safe Third Country
Agreement that seriously disadvantages persons seeking convention refugee status after passing through the United States. With
some exceptions, these persons are turned back to the United States for asylum adjudication, under less generous conditions (lack
of government funded legal assistance, lack of any welfare support) and less generous standards. This paper will discuss some of
the challenges facing the implementation of this agreement and some other related activities of the Canadian government.
Córdoba Serrano, María Sierra
María Sierra Córdoba Serrano est doctorante et chargée de cours à l’École de traduction et d’interprétation de l’Université
d’Ottawa. Elle prépare une thèse qui porte sur la littérature et la paralittérature québécoise traduite en Espagne entre 1975 et 2004.
Elle a publié récemment « Nicole Brossard traduite en Espagne : re-belle et infidèle? » dans TTR, « La fiction québécoise traduite
en Espagne: une question de réseaux » dans META et « Adieu coureurs des bois et filles du roi : Québecs imaginaires en
Espagne,» dans Espagnes imaginaires (édité par Carmen Mata, Montréal, Hurtubise-HMH, à paraître).
Ph.D. candidate and lecturer at the University of Ottawa’s School of Translation and Interpretation, María Sierra Córdoba Serrano
is preparing a thesis on Québécois literature and paraliterature translated in Spain between 1975 and 2004. She has recently
published “Nicole Brossard traduite en Espagne : re-belle et infidèle?” in TTR : traduction, terminologie, rédaction; “La fiction
québécoise traduite en Espagne : une question de réseaux” in META, and “Adieu coureurs des bois et filles du roi : Québecs
imaginaires en Espagne” in Espagnes imaginaires (edited by Carmen Mata, Montréal, Hurtubise HMH, forthcoming).
Résumé
Traduire le Québec en catalan : une ‘révélation’ à la mesure de qui?
Depuis les années 90, la traduction de la littérature canadienne à l’étranger a été un des outils au service du programme de diplomatie
publique du gouvernement fédéral, programme dont le but est de promouvoir une identité et des valeurs dites pancanadiennes à l’étranger.
Dans la première phase d’initiation du transfert de cette littérature à l’étranger, l’action institutionnelle canadienne est cruciale.
Néanmoins, une fois au point d’arrivée et donc hors de la portée des réseaux institutionnels du pôle de départ, les textes à traduire se
voient réinsérés dans un nouveau contexte, où ils ne pourront pas échapper à leur resémantisation axio-idéologique par la communauté
d’accueil. Les modalités de réinsertion du matériau transféré sont négociées de nouveau par une collectivité d’agents issus des champs
culturels d’arrivée (éditeurs, directeurs de collection, critiques, traducteurs, etc.). Autrement dit, le Canada, en s’exposant à l’Autre
étranger en traduction, devient en quelque sorte vulnérable à l’appropriation par ce dernier. Nous illustrerons ce point de vue par l’analyse
de la littérature québécoise pour la jeunesse en traduction catalane. C’est précisément dans ce genre traduit que les signes les plus patents
d’appropriation par l’Autre Catalan ont été observés : tout en étant subventionnées par le gouvernement fédéral canadien, les traductions
catalanes de la littérature québécoise pour la jeunesse proclament un nationalisme québécois, un moyen dont la fin ultime est de renforcer
le nationalisme catalan. Nous analyserons les représentations du Canada et du Québec « évélées » par ces traductions catalanes, ainsi que
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l’appropriation à laquelle les textes originaux ont été soumis, en particulier l’appareil paratextuel soigneusement choisi par les éditeurs
catalans. Nous démontrerons que cette appropriation répond à des revendications identitaires qui sont plus liées à l’espace culturel catalan
qu’à l’espace canadien/québécois d’où ces productions culturelles sont issues et d’où proviennent les fonds pour subventionner leur
traduction. Si la création d’une « image de marque » (branding) pour le Canada est au cœur des débats du gouvernement fédéral, la
vulnérabilité de cette image une fois « exposée » à l’étranger et appropriée par celui-ci n’a pas fait l’objet d’analyses approfondies hors du
domaine de la traductologie. Notre intervention tentera de répondre à ce but.
Covell, Diana
Diana Covell helped to organise a campaign to win steel industry jobs for women in the Australian city of Wollongong from 19801991, working for several of those years as a labourer and crane chaser in the Port Kembla steelworks and as an elected union
delegate. She then attended university, graduating with BA Honours in Communications from the University of Technology,
Sydney in 1996. She is now a fulltime PhD (History) candidate at the University of Sydney, New South Wales. In 2006 she was
awarded an ICCS Graduate Student Scholarship to carry out research for her PhD in Canada.
Diana Covell a aidé à organiser une campagne afin d’obtenir des emplois dans l’industrie sidérurgique pour les femmes dans la
ville australienne de Wollongong de 1980 à 1991; elle a travaillé pendant plusieurs de ces années comme journalière et manœuvre
aux grues dans l’aciérie de Port Kembla et a été élue déléguée syndicale. Elle a ensuite fréquenté l’université et a obtenu un B.A.
avec spécialisation en communications à l’University of Technology de Sydney en 1996. Elle est maintenant aspirante à plein
temps au doctorat (histoire) à l’Université de Sydney, Nouvelle-Galles du Sud. En 2006, elle s’est vu décerner une bourse d’études
pour étudiants diplômés afin d’effectuer des recherches en vue de l’obtention de son doctorat au Canada.
Abstract
Who’s in the hard hat? Gender dynamics on the job in the steel industry in Canada and Australia
This PhD research paper concerns organised efforts by groups of women in Canada and Australia in the late 1970s and early 1980s
to gain jobs in the steel industry and what happened once they won those jobs. I am attempting a comparative study of the
Wollongong (NSW) ‘Jobs for Women’ Campaign (1980-1991) and the Hamilton (ON) ‘Women Back Into Stelco’ Campaign
(1979-1981). These efforts by Canadian and Australian women gained broad local support from unions and other social groups
and were successful in different degrees. In both cases, the women were confronting powerful social barriers that had kept them
out of well-paying jobs in industrial plants since the end of the Second World War. In keeping with the conference theme, this
paper unmasks the ways in which major steel companies in both Canada and Australia have sought to prevent women gaining a
permanent foothold in the steel industry. The different reasons for not employing women put forward by STELCO and BHP would
have significant implications for the way the campaigns in Hamilton and Wollongong developed, and for the women involved.
Drawing on recent oral history interviews with participants in Canada and Australia, life on the job for women in the Stelco
(Hamilton) and BHP (Port Kembla) steel plants is revealed, and the ways – some effective, some not – they tried to deal with
challenges they faced adjusting to a range of new and often hazardous jobs in an overwhelmingly male workforce. What worked
when masculinity and femininity played itself out on the shop floor? Why did it sometimes go horribly wrong? And how did the
internal politics of the United Steelworkers union affect the outcome of the Canadian women’s campaign?
da Cunha, Lidiane Luiza
Lidiane Luiza da Cunha received an English Degree in 2004 and an M.A. Degree in English Literature from the Universidade
Federal de Minas Gerais (Brazil) in 2007. She was a teaching assistant in the English department of Universidade Federal de
Minas Gerais (March--July 2007). She is currently a PhD Student at the University of Alberta, in the Comparative literature
program and also a research assistant in the English and Comparative literature departments. Her areas of interest are Canadian and
Brazilian literatures.
Lidiane Luiza da Cunha a reçu un diplôme en anglais en 2004 et terminé une maîtrise en littérature anglaise de l’Universidade
Federal de Minas Gerais (Brésil) en 2007. Elle a été aide enseignante au Département d’anglais de l’Universidade Federal de
Minas Gerais (de mars à juillet 2007). Elle poursuit actuellement des études de doctorat à l’Université de l’Alberta dans le cadre du
programme de littérature comparée et elle est adjointe à la recherche au Département d’anglais et de littérature comparée. Elle
s’intéresse à la littérature canadienne et à la littérature brésilienne.
Abstract
Cat’s Eye: A Portrait of the Artist as a Canadian Painter
I purport to demonstrate how the novel Cat’s Eye, written by the well-known Canadian writer Margaret Atwood, appears to show,
in a very critical way, the tensions of Canadian artistic production and of Canadian identity. Through the artistic development of
the protagonist of the novel, the fictional painter Elaine Risley, the narrative exposes the conflicts and problems which Canadian
artists experienced in the last century to have their works of art recognized beyond the strong influence of mainstream culture,
8
especially European artistic tradition. In this novel, Atwood allows her fictional painter to learn, criticize and finally subvert the
conventions of visual art, revealing the creative and critical position that Canadian artists often have in their cultural production.
Furthermore, Atwood also represents in her fictional artist’s works, described in the novel, a visual version of Canadian identity in
which protagonist Elaine critically disrupts traditional definitions of what it is to be Canadian.
Darias-Beautell, Eva
Eva Darias-Beautell (PhD) is Professor of American and Canadian literatures at the University of La Laguna (Canary Islands,
Spain). She is the author of the books Division Language and Doubleness in the Writings of Joy Kogawa (University of La
Laguna, 1998), Shifting Sands: Literary Theory and Contemporary Canadian Fiction (Mellen, 2000), and Graphies and Grafts:
(Con)Texts and (Inter)Texts in the Fictions of Four Canadian Women Writers (Peter Lang, 2001). A collection of essays, Canon
Disorders: Gendered Perspectives on Literature and Film in Canada and the United States, is forthcoming (University of La
Rioja/La Laguna). Dr. Darias-Beautell is presently directing “Penelope’s Embroidery: Literary Tradition, Cultural Identities and
Theoretical Discourses in the Anglo-Canadian Fiction of the Late 20th Century,” a three-year research project on the narrative
production of contemporary English Canada.
Eva Darias-Beautell (Ph.D.) est professeure de littérature américaine et de littérature canadienne à l’University de La Laguna (îles
Canaries, Espagne). Elle est l’auteure des livres Division Language and Doubleness in the Writings of Joy Kogawa, Université de
La Laguna, 1998, Shifting Sands: Literary Theory and Contemporary Canadian Fiction, Mellen, 2000, et Graphies and Grafts:
(Con)Texts and (Inter)Texts in the Fictions of Four Canadian Women Writers, Peter Lang, 2001. Une collection d’essais, Canon
Disorders: Gendered Perspectives on Literature and Film in Canada and the United States, paraîtra sous peu (Université de La
Rioja/La Laguna). Madame Darias-Beautell dirige actuellement « Penelope’s Embroidery: Literary Tradition, Cultural Identities
and Theoretical Discourses in the Anglo-Canadian Fiction of the Late 20th Century », projet de recherche triennal sur la
production narrative du Canada anglais contemporain.
Abstract
A Descent into Local Splendour: Cultural Exposure in Timothy Taylor’s Stanley Park
This paper will analyze Timothy Taylor’s Stanley Park (2001) vis-à-vis Margaret Atwood’s Surfacing (1972) across the temporal
(1970-2000) and spatial gaps (East/West). My focus will be on the differences contemporary texts have brought to the
configuration of a national literature in Canada. Atwood’s text is representative of a construction of the national identity around
well-known geographical and cultural tropes, Ontario-centered and in a direct relation of opposition to much more powerful
British and American identities. In sharp contrast, Taylor’s, urban and set in an absolutely contemporary Vancouver, is offered as
paradigm of the current decentralization of the idea of a national identity as well as of the displacement, literal (regional) and
metaphorical, of the parameters that constituted such a literary project. The space, both physical and temporal, between the two
texts reveals and exposes the process of maturation of the Canadian literary tradition, and contains, therefore, the essence and the
basis of its contemporary fiction.
de Stecher, Anne
Anne de Stecher is in the second year of the Cultural Mediations PhD program at the Institute for Comparative Studies in
Literature, Art and Culture at Carleton University. Her dissertation research explores issues of representation in historical
Aboriginal Canadian and Euro-Canadian artworks. Her focus is the story of the Huron-Wendat community at Wendake (JeuneLorette) in the nineteenth century.
Anne de Stecher en est à la deuxième année du programme doctoral en médiations culturelles à l’Institute for Comparative Studies
in Literature, Art and Culture de l’Université Carleton. Dans le cadre des recherches qu’elle effectue pour sa thèse, elle examine
les questions relatives à la représentation dans les œuvres d’art historiques autochtones canadiennes et euro-canadiennes. Elle
s’intéresse surtout à l’histoire de la communauté Huron-Wendat à Wendake (Jeune-Lorette) au dix-neuvième siècle.
Abstract
Huron-Wendat Visual Culture: Source of Economic Autonomy and Continuity of Traditional Culture
Recent research in historical Canadian Aboriginal studies has focused on the political and diplomatic skills and traditions of
Aboriginal nations, their agency and strategies for cultural and economic survival. Within this context, the purpose of my paper is
to bring forward a little known chapter of Canadian history: a discussion of the agency and strength of the Huron-Wendat nation of
Quebec in negotiating their relations, economic and cultural, with the government and society of nineteenth century colonial
Canada. Through this study my purpose is to reveal a shift in understanding of intercultural relations, a shift in perception of
Aboriginal cultures, and a different perspective on Aboriginal-colonial relations.
9
My purpose is to demonstrate the significant economic as well as political abilities of the Huron-Wendat community in responding
to the changes in their situation: the loss of their farm land and traditional hunting grounds. The community responded through
developing a manufacturing industry that brought together men’s hunting abilities with traditional women’s skills in moosehair
embroidery and artwork, to produce deerskin and birchbark art objects on a large scale of commodity production. Through direct
sales to tourists and through bulk sales to merchants these art objects were sold in large quantities to European visitors as well as
Canadians, and are generously represented in many European museum collections. This manufacturing industry provided not just
economic security; the iconography of the art work illustrates the continuity and strength of Huron-Wendat discourse and
worldview, the industry was a source not only of economic strength but of cultural continuity.
Defraiteur, Vincent
Vincent Defraiteur est licencié en droit et en sciences politiques de l’Université Libre de Bruxelles depuis juin 2006. Il exerce la
profession d’avocat au sein du barreau bruxellois. Il a été amené à étudier la péréquation canadienne grâce à une bourse de
rédaction de thèse du CIEC en juillet 2005. Ensuite, il a publié un article sur ce sujet dans la Revue Gouvernance et un autre dans
Policy Options Politiques. En novembre 2007, il participait à la 4e Conférence internationale sur le fédéralisme à New Delhi
(Inde). Il est rattaché au centre d’études canadiennes de l’ULB.
Vincent Defraiteur graduated in law and political science at the Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB) in June 2006; he works as a
lawyer with the Brussels Bar. He studied Canadian equalization thanks to a Scholarship for a Graduate Student Thesis awarded by
the ICCS in June 2005, and subsequently published an article on the subject in Revue Gouvernance and in Policy Options
Politiques. In November 2007, he participated in the 4th International Conference on Federalism in New Delhi (India). He is based
at the Centre for Canadian Studies at ULB.
Résumé
Les coulisses financières d’une large fédération
Par nature, une structure fédérale entend réunir sous un même toit institutionnel des populations présentant une certaine
hétérogénéité. Néanmoins, si la population présente des différences, pour que la fédération survive, il faut qu’il existe un ciment,
une volonté d’avenir commun. A défaut, le toit fédéral s’envole. Aussi, parallèlement aux spécificités, l’union en soi doit être
portée par un attachement particulier, romantique, nostalgique, historique, économique, stratégique, symbolique… Pour que les
différentes autorités gouvernementales soient à même d’exercer leurs compétences d’une façon optimale, les relations entre elles
se doivent d’être apaisées. Car des frictions existent toujours : jalousies, passions, concurrences… Dès lors, derrière les écussons
fédéraux se cachent des systèmes souvent fort techniques mais qui constituent l’huile des rouages institutionnels. Et cette huile, on
ne sera pas étonné de l’apprendre, il s’agit de l’argent. C’est pourquoi les modes de financement de cette structure - compétence,
revenu, assiette, transferts, impôt local, global, partagé… - font l’objet de législations pointilleuses et sont, généralement, source de
conflits. La Fédération a l’obligation morale de veiller à l’apaisement entre ses entités, ou c’est sa perte elle-même qu’elle encourt.
Le financement de l’ensemble doit être juste, équilibré, sous-pesé, compris… en un mot : légitime. C’est pourquoi je me propose,
dans cette optique de « Canada à découvert », de passer brièvement en revue le fonctionnement en coulisses de la fédération –
« en coulisse », entendez… financier – avec ses points forts, ses points faibles, ses difficultés, ses solutions… Les débats sur le
financement des provinces (pensons à la péréquation par exemple) ont fait l’objet – et font toujours l’objet – de discussions très
tendues entre « pauvres » et « riches ». Et des portes ont claqué aux termes de rencontres entre premiers ministres, et des mots ont
fusé… et l’union s’en trouve – ne serait-ce que pour un temps, mais pour un temps tout de même – fissurée. Dès lors, j’entends par
ma contribution répondre aux questions : comment ça marche ? Pourquoi ? Quelles sont et quelles ont été les difficultés ?
Comment y a-t-on répondu ? Avec succès ? Et ailleurs, c’est comment ?
Dhawan, R K
Dr. R.K. Dhawan is Associate Professor (Reader) in English at University of Delhi. He has published more than fifteen books and
several research articles in reputed journals. He is the co-ordinating editor of Indian Journal of Canadian Studies, and Chief Editor
of the bi-annual journal The Commonwealth Review. He has received international recognition as a scholar and writer. He has
presented research papers and delivered lectures at several universities including those at Oxford, Turin, Bologna, Venice, Rome,
Dhaka, Colombo, Perth, Melbourne and Sydney. He has made significant contribution to the growth and expansion of Canadian
Studies in India and has organized national and international seminars. Currently, he is President, Indian Association for Canadian
Studies.
M. R. K. Dhawan est professeur agrégé (maître de conférences) en anglais à l’Université de Delhi. Il a publié plus de quinze livres
et plusieurs articles sur ses travaux de recherche dans des revues réputées. Il est le rédacteur en chef chargé de la coordination de
l’Indian Journal of Canadian Studies et le rédacteur en chef de la revue semestrielle The Commonwealth Review. Il a été reconnu
sur la scène internationale à titre de chercheur et d’écrivain. Il a présenté des rapports de recherche et des conférences dans
plusieurs universités, dont les universités Oxford, de Turin, de Bologne, de Venise, de Rome, de Dhaka, de Colombo, de Perth, de
10
Melbourne et de Sydney. Il a apporté une contribution importante à la croissance et au rayonnement des études canadiennes en
Inde et il a organisé des séminaires nationaux et internationaux. À l’heure actuelle, il est président de l’Association indienne
d’études canadiennes.
Abstract
Multicultural Education and Canada: Managing Diversities
Cultural diversity is the most valuable and enriching quality of national life in Canada. The role and importance of education in
this regard has been fully recognized by the policy makers. Perhaps the most significant contribution of Canadian government is
the introduction of multicultural education; its objective is to assist all ethnic groups to develop a capacity to grow and participate
fully in Canadian society. The focus of this paper is a debate about multiculturalism and education, a debate which has been going
on for long but which has intensified in the recent years. In pluralistic society, ethnic groups have the right to develop their own
identities as well as to preserve their cultural heritages. In universities this is represented by attempts at multiple education
programs such as ethnic studies, comparative religion, cross-cultural studies and heritage language programs. There are certain
reservations about multicultural education. Images of minorities presented in the curriculum are generally by the dominant
community and hence they offer the outsider’s viewpoint. Not only that, when minorities are given place in the study of
multicultural Canadian history/sociology, they are interpreted in terms of ‘contributions’ to the dominant society. There is little
emphasis upon cognitive culture or contemporary cultural change. In multicultural education, along with the struggle to retain
identity and diversity, there must be a simultaneous awareness of mutual interdependence. Any thing less would be poor
education. It is high time that the Canadian government confronts the challenge of redefining the meaning of multiculturalism in
all its ramifications, in the quest of life free from extreme inequalities.
Diaz, Beatriz
Beatriz Diaz is a full professor at the University of Havana and Director of the Cuban Program Latin American Social Sciences
Faculty (FLACSO). She also chairs the Canadian Studies Centre, University of Havana (an Associate Member of ICCS since
2001) and coordinates the Cuban University Network on Canadian Studies. Her research interests focus on social development and
sustainable development, mainly its social components. She has conducted several projects in collaboration with UNEP, UNRISD,
CIDA and with several Canadian universities.
Beatriz Diaz est professeure titulaire à l’Université de La Havane et directrice de la Cuban Program Latin American Social
Sciences Faculty (FLACSO). Elle préside également le Centre d’études canadiennes, Université de La Havane (membre associé du
CIEC depuis 2001) et coordonne le Réseau d’études canadiennes à Cuba. Ses recherches portent sur le développement social et le
développement durable, surtout du point de vue des composantes sociales. Elle a entrepris plusieurs projets en collaboration avec
le PNUE, l’UNRISD, l’ACDI et plusieurs universités canadiennes.
Abstract
Canadian Environmental Paradoxes: Federal Government. Environmental Policies vs. NGOs and Scholars Activities
Canada used to have a positive environmental image. In recent years, however, the Canadian environmental image has
considerably deteriorated: Federal environmental policies regarding crucial environmental problems (e.g. global warming
produced by greenhouse gases) or regarding natural resource management have increasingly attracted general disapproval.
Paradoxically, at the same time, several Canadian NGOs and outstanding scholars continue to make important environmental
advances. In this paper I will present two case studies: Friends of the Earth Canada lawsuit against the government of Canada for
abandoning its commitments under the Kyoto Protocol, and the A21 Guide at the Local Level, developed by a group of Université
de Chicoutimi scholars.
Duffy, Dennis
Dennis Duffy has taught Canadian Studies in Ireland, India and Spain. He teaches at present in the University of Toronto’s VIC
ONE foundations program. His numerous books and articles have appeared in both academic and popular venues. In recent years,
his research interests have shifted from literary to public-cultural studies. His most recent article (American Review of Canadian
Studies) discusses the cultural agenda of Mackenzie King’s artificial ruins at his Kingsmere estate.
Dennis Duffy a enseigné les études canadiennes en Irlande, en Inde et en Espagne. Il enseigne actuellement dans le cadre du
programme VIC ONE de l’Université de Toronto. Ses nombreux livres et articles ont paru dans des revues universitaires et
populaires. Au cours des dernières années, il a fait porter ses recherches sur les études publiques et culturelles plutôt que sur la
littérature. Son article le plus récent (American Review of Canadian Studies) porte sur le programme culturel concernant les
vestiges artificiels de Mackenzie King à son domaine de Kingsmere.
11
Abstract
Cutting Toronto’s public metastatic cancer: an overview with photography
A spectre haunted Toronto. Ramsay Wright, Presbyterian layman, U of T scientist and prominent public figure thundered that a
"cancer of the modern civic organism" threatened Toronto’s body politic. What could be done about "the Ward," the slum
immediately south of the University campus? In the years immediately before and during the Great War, a Toronto Star writer
called that neighbourhood “Toronto’s Dagoland.” No less a secular saint than the Rev’d. J.S. Woodsworth had stated that the Ward
sapped Canada’s war effort. Businessmen’s associations shuddered in terror of this district, packed to the rafters with newlyarrived immigrants forever alienated from Canadian culture. Housed in squalid quarters, speaking in barbarous tongues, often
unemployed, frequently given to drink, the populist journal Johnny Canuck blamed such people’s presence on corrupt city
officials. A physician came to Toronto’s rescue. Dr. Charles Hastings, energetic Medical Officer of Health. His 1911 annual
Report was adorned with compelling photographs of slum conditions. Whose photographs? Those of Arthur S. Goss, the City’s
newly-appointed first official photographer. A nexus of modernizing bureaucrats, media-savvy health experts and skilled
technicians had invented a new way of mobilizing and directing a terrorized public.
Edwards, Victoria
Victoria Edwards is a senior analyst in the Materiel Group at National Defence Head Quarters. She completed a Masters Degree in
Public Administration from Dalhousie University and a Masters Certificate in Project Management from George Washington
University. She graduated with a Bachelor of Military Arts and Sciences from the Royal Military College of Canada.
Victoria Edwards est analyste principale au sein du Groupe des matériels au quartier général de la Défense nationale. Elle a
terminé une maîtrise en administration publique à l’Université Dalhousie et obtenu un certificat de maîtrise en gestion de projet à
l’Université George Washington. Elle a obtenu un baccalauréat ès arts et sciences militaires au Collège militaire royal du Canada.
Abstract
Canada Exposed: Commodification and Appropriation of Aboriginal Images in Trade-marks
The images of Aboriginal peoples (or images purportedly representing Aboriginal peoples) have been/are incorporated into trademarks, used by the trade-mark owner to distinguish their goods and services from those of another. Generally, the mark’s owner is
a non-Aboriginal person or non-Aboriginal owned business. In our presentation we examine incidents of commodification and
appropriation of Indigenous Cultural Heritage in Canada and mechanisms employed to deal with such appropriation. We explore
the theme of Canada exposed through photographic and filmic connotations of cases involving the use of Aboriginal images and/or
ancient images in marketing. As commodifications of Indigenous cultural heritage and claims over uses of the past continue to
expand, concerns about sharing the benefits of unauthorized or commercial exploitation of images, and designs will persist and
fuel debate, and, in some cases, legal action. We consider how Canadians (comedians, political cartoonists, and pressure groups)
have responded to the images. What do the images tell us about Canadian society, past, present and future? How do these images
expose Canada to its people and to the world? Canada’s intellectual property regime and, in particular, cultural appropriation that
occurs within the context of that regime, is used as the backdrop for this exploration. Recommendations for possible reform are
advanced with a view to providing more fertile soil upon which a more authentic relationship can be built.
Ertler, Klaus-Dieter
Klaus-Dieter Ertler est professeur au Département de littératures romanes de l’Université de Graz (Autriche), où il dirige le Centre
d’études canadiennes. Ses recherches portent sur le roman francophone au Québec, les Relations des Jésuites des Amériques et la
théorie des systèmes comme modèle épistémologique. Publications récentes: Canada in the Sign of Migration and TransCulturalism/Le Canada sous le signe de la migration et due transculturalisme. Éd. avec Martin Löschnigg. (Frankfurt am Main :
Peter Lang 2004). – Ave Maris Stella. Eine kulturwissenschaftliche Einführung in die Acadie. Co-auteurs : Andrea Maria Humpl et
Daniela Maly (Frankfurt am Main : Peter Lang 2005). – À la carte. Le roman québécois (2000-2005). Éd. avec Gilles Dupuis
(Frankfurt am Main : Peter Lang 2007). – Transcultural Perspectives on Canada/Perspectives transculturelles sur le Canada. Éd.
avec Paulina Mickiewicz (Brno : Masaryk University Press 2007).
Klaus-Dieter Ertler is Professor at the Department of Romance Languages at the University of Graz (Austria), where he is also
Director of the Centre for Canadian Studies. His research is on the francophone novel in Québec, Jesuit Relations, and Systems
Theory as an epistemological model. Recent publications include: Canada in the Sign of Migration and Trans-Culturalism/Le
Canada sous le signe de la migration et du transculturalisme, co-edited with Martin Löschnigg (Frankfurt am Main: Peter Lang
2004); Ave Maris Stella. Eine kulturwissenschaftliche Einführung in die Acadie, co-authored with Andrea Maria Humpl and
Daniela Maly (Frankfurt am Main: Peter Lang 2005); À la carte. Le roman québécois (2000-2005), co-edited with Gilles Dupuis
(Frankfurt am Main: Peter Lang, 2007); Transcultural Perspectives on Canada / Perspectives transculturelles sur le Canada, coedited with Paulina Mickiewicz (Brno: Masaryk University Press, 2007).
12
Résumé
Le Québec dévoilé : texte et image aux années 30
Le panorama discursif des années 30 a été largement influencé par les discours nationalistes d’origine italienne, portugaise ou
autrichienne. Basé sur le système argumentatif de la terre, de la religion, de la famille et de la langue, la littérature, le journalisme
et les médias naissants ont développé des expressions bien particulières. Nous proposerons donc d’analyser la construction de
l’image de marque d’un Canada français, qui rappelait certaines images européennes, mais qui avait pris des connotations
originales et hautes en couleur. Les mises en scène du fait francophone et catholique seront tirées des revues ainsi que des romans
de l’époque.
Fabiola Torres, Martha
Martha Fabiola Torres is in Sociology and has a Master from the Instituto Luis Mora. She has worked at the Consejo Nacional de
Fomento Educativo (CONAFE) since 1995 where she researches and collaborates on educational programs with aboriginal and
migrant populations in Mexico. She is also interested in multicultural societies and the recognition of minorities. She was a visiting
scholar in Ottawa and Gatineau in 2005 and 2006 and taught at the School of Extension in Canada.
Martha Fabiola Torres est sociologue; elle a obtenu une maîtrise à l’Instituto Luis Mora. Elle travaille au Consejo Nacional de
Fomento Educativo (CONAFE) depuis 1995, où elle fait des recherches et collabore aux programmes d’éducation avec les
populations autochtones et migrantes du Mexique. Elle s’intéresse aussi aux sociétés multiculturelles et à la reconnaissance des
minorités. Elle était chercheure invitée à Ottawa et à Gatineau en 2005 et 2006 et a enseigné à l’École d’extension au Canada.
Abstract
Dignity or Vulnerability? History of seven immigrant families
This paper deals with the accounts of seven new immigrant families in the city of Toronto. All these families are new immigrants
to Canada with neither French nor English as their mother tongue. Each account follows a number of essential aspects: nationality
and main aim of immigration; initial problems after arriving in Canada; work opportunities and means of subsistence; satisfaction
of initial expectations; social integration and accommodation in governmental institutions and, lastly, the image and memory of
their birthplace. The stories are supported by informal interviews and data gathered by the author in Toronto. The author concludes
that the main problem all families have in common is vulnerability. This concept means social life without adequate protection in
terms of health, education, justice and economy. This kind of immigrant vulnerability exposes a family to potential harm and
emotional damage. The paper compares the concept of vulnerability with the concept of dignity as an essential feature of
multiculturalism and governmental services.
Filax, Gloria
Gloria Filax works for the Master of Arts – Integrated Studies as a Professor of Equality/equity studies. Her current research is an
investigation of embedded values, beliefs, and norms underwriting regional identifications in the province of Alberta. Publications
include the UBC Press sexuality series book Queer Youth in the Province of the “Severely Normal”.
Gloria Filax travaille pour le programme Master of Arts – Integrated Studies à titre de professeure d’études sur l’égalité et l’équité.
Au cours de ses recherches actuelles, elle étudie les valeurs, les croyances et les normes à la base des identités régionales en
Alberta. Parmi ses publications figure le livre de la collection sur la sexualité (UBC Press) Queer Youth in the Province of the
‘Severely Normal’.
Abstract
The redneck underbelly: the Alberta advantage and the cycle of boom, bust and echo
A proliferation of popular and academic books and articles has appeared over the past few years focused on Alberta. The
celebration of Alberta’s centennial as a province within Canada, the current economic boom, and the election of a conservative
prime minister whose home base is Alberta, has been the impetus for many to reflect on the transformations within Alberta over
the past hundred years, the kind of place Alberta has become, and where it is headed. While an image of gun toting, truck-driving,
Christian, white, male rednecks often inform the popular sense of Albertans, a highly sophisticated, busy workforce drives the
province’s rapid economic growth. Human expertise combined with vast reserves of oil and gas that lie within the Athabasca tar
sands are responsible for making the province into what some call “Saudi Alberta,” with all the riches and exotic lifestyle that this
representation evokes. Alongside this, the province promotes what it calls the Alberta Advantage: Albertans have the highest
disposable income, the lowest unemployment rate, the lowest taxes, no provincial debt, an abundance of natural resources and, if
this isn’t enough, a beautiful natural environment. Yet, the view that Albertans are white, Christian, rugged individuals concerned
only with entrepreneurialism, resource development, and continual growth is only one story among many about Alberta and the
people who live there. Many in Alberta resist what they view as excessive resource extraction and a business ethos based on
market solutions to everything – economic or otherwise; not everyone in Alberta agrees with what has been called the Alberta
Advantage and questions who and what is advantaged. This paper will examine the effects of the recent economic boom in Alberta
13
in terms of its impact on the environment and social cohesion. Based on research arising from a larger project which is broadly
exploring Alberta culture, in this paper we will examine two specific case studies: the recent proposals to develop a huge electrical
transmission line across Alberta to feed American markets, and housing and homelessness in the province. Although these two
case studies may at first appear unrelated, we will discuss how many of the same themes/discourses related to Alberta culture,
politics and history connect them. Our interest is in speaking to some of the dominant discourses that support provincial policies
that fail to deliver the “Alberta Advantage” to many of its citizens.
Flotow, Luise von
Luise von Flotow is a professor for Translation Studies at the University of Ottawa, and currently director of the School of
Translation and Interpretation. Her research is focused on cultural and political differences between cultures and eras, and their
expression in translation, and she has published extensively in this area: Translation and Gender. Translating in the ‘Era of
Feminism’” (1997), The Politics of Translation in the Middle Ages and the Renaissance (2001) (co-edited with Daniel Russell and
Renate Blumenfeld-Kosinski) Her most recent academic book is Translating Canada. Canadian Writing in German/y, co-edited
with Reingard Nischik, University of Constance, University of Ottawa Press, 2007. She is also a translator of literary texts from
German and French. The Third Shore, an anthology of East Central European women writers (post-1989) that she co-edited and
translated with Agata Schwartz, came out with Northwestern University Press in 2006. Her most recent works are Everyone Talks
about the Weather. We Don’t, a selection of journalistic writings 1960-1970 by Ulrike Meinhof (Seven Stories, NYC, 2008) and
Obsessed with Language. A sociolinguistic history of Quebec [tr. of La langue et le nombril by Chantal Bouchard 1998], Guernica
Editions, Toronto 2008.
Luise von Flotow est professeure d’études en traduction à l’Université d’Ottawa où elle dirige actuellement l’École de traduction
et d’interprétation. Ses recherches portent sur les différences culturelles et politiques entre les cultures et les époques et leur
expression dans la traduction. Elle a publié de nombreux ouvrages dans ce domaine : Translation and Gender. Translating in the
‘Era of Feminism’ (1997), The Politics of Translation in the Middle Ages and the Renaissance (2001) (corédigé avec Daniel
Russell et Renate Blumenfeld-Kosinski) Son ouvrage universitaire le plus récent est Translating Canada. Canadian Writing in
Germany, corédigé avec Reingard Nischik, Université de Constance, Presse de l’Université d’Ottawa, 2007. Elle a également
traduit des textes littéraires à partir de l’allemand et du français. The Third Shore, une anthologie de femmes écrivains d’Europe
centrale et de l’Est (après 1989) qu’elle a corédigée et traduite avec Agata Schwartz, a été publiée par Northwestern University
Press en 2006. Ses ouvrages les plus récents sont Everyone Talks about the Weather. We Don’t, une sélection d’écrits
journalistiques de 1960 à 1970 par Ulrike Meinhof, Seven Stories, NYC, 2008 et Obsessed with Language. A sociolinguistic
history of Quebec [traduction par La langue et le nombril par Chantal Bouchard en 1998], Guernica Editions, Toronto 2008.
Abstract
Canada Exposed: through Translation
This paper will focus on the translation of Canadian writing as an important way of “exposing” the country and “its culture and
values” to the international community. It will trace the development of the official discourse of programs such as the Canada
Council’s International Translation Fund, and examine its policies and the participation of DFAIT (Department of Foreign Affairs
and Trade) in the projection of a positive image of Canada abroad. This is the official, government-funded “exposure” of Canada,
which is linked closely to ideas about public diplomacy (Potter 2002). The paper will then present and discuss the findings of a
research project on Canadian writing in German translation (Flotow and Nischik 2007). It will address only one main aspect: the
fact that the so-called “target culture” that the cultural export programs are aimed at, in this case Germany, seems to have more to
say about what it will import than notions about public diplomacy and government-controlled funding programs would admit.
Indeed, the aspects of Canada that are “exposed” for foreign readers may have little to do with the image Canada is seeking to
project.
Fraile, Ana Ma.
Ana Ma. Fraile currently teaches postcolonial and Canadian literatures at the University of Salamanca, Spain. Her research has
been mainly in the field of African American literature and the African Diaspora. Her more recent publications include the book
Planteamientos estéticos y políticos en la obra de Zora Neale Hurston (2003). In the field of Canadian studies, she has co-edited
the volume The Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms: European Perspectives (2003), that includes her article “Joy
Kogawa’s Obasan: a Literary Revision of History Culminating in the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms.” Forthcoming are
her articles “The Canadian Postmodern Immigrant Discourse: Rohinton Mistry’s ‘Swimming Lessons’,” “Canadá y la
auto/biografía contemporánea: Ondaatje, Kogawa, Blaise y Mukherjee.”
Ana Ma. Fraile enseigne actuellement la littérature postcoloniale et la littérature canadienne à l’Université de Salamanque en
Espagne. Ses recherches ont surtout porté sur la littérature afro-américaine et la diaspora africaine. Ses publications les plus
récentes comprennent le livre intitulé Planteamientos estéticos y políticos en la obra de Zora Neale Hurston (2003). Dans le
14
domaine des études canadiennes, elle a codirigé le volume The Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms: European Perspectives
(2003), qui comprend son article « Joy Kogawa’s Obasan: a Literary Revision of History Culminating in the Canadian Charter of
Rights and Freedoms ». Paraîtront sous peu ses articles « The Canadian Postmodern Immigrant Discourse: Rohinton Mistry’s
"Swimming Lessons" » et « Canadá y la auto/biografía contemporánea: Ondaatje, Kogawa, Blaise y Mukherjee ».
Abstract
Exposing Blackness as Canadian (Literary) Identity
This paper will bring to the forefront the literary tradition of blacks in Canada exposing not just their very existence and
heterogeneity but their important role in reformulating Canadian (literary) identity away from the unifying vision that came out of
the cultural nationalism of the 1970s. Taking into account the axis of time and space, I will consider, on the one hand, those
indigenous black writers whose roots in Canada go several generations back in time, and in some instances even back to colonial
times. Usually, their work is anchored in historic black communities, either on the Canadian east coast, Quebec, or on the Prairies;
this is the case of writers such as Velma Carter, Cheryl Foggo, Lorena Gayle, Wayde Compton, George Elliott Clarke, Maxine
Tynes, and Mairuth Sarsfield. Their view of Canada and of Canadian identity will be compared with that of black writers whose
sense of identity is deeply modelled by the experience of immigration. This is the case of Caribbean Canadian writers such as
Austin Clarke, Dionne Brand, Marlene Nourbese Philip, Makeda Silvera, Olive Senior, Claire Harris, André Alexis, Cecil Foster,
or H. Nigel Thomas, who have managed to achieve a national recognition while exposing the transnational character of their
vibrant creativity. Furthermore, Canadian culture is being enriched and transformed by the works of authors from the Black
Diaspora who, coming from Africa, the UK, or the United States, continue their quest for home in Canada. My aim is to assess the
ways in which African Canadian authors from these different backgrounds expose, engage, reject, or transform Canadian myths
and values that make up for Canadian identity, including the recent adoption of multiculturalism as a defining national trait. For
that purpose, I tentatively propose the comparative study of two novels: Mairuth Sarsfield’s No Crystal Stair and André Alexis’
Childhood. The conclusions presented in this paper will be part of a larger research project titled “Penelope’s Embroidery: Literary
Tradition, Cultural Identities and Theoretical Discourses in the Anglo-Canadian Fiction of the Late 20th Century.” This project
presents the collaborative work of seven scholars under the coordination of Dr. Eva Darias-Beautell, and is funded by the Spanish
Ministry of Education.
Fraser, Ryan
Ph. D., Assistant Professor, School of Translation and Interpretation, University of Ottawa.
Ph. D., chargé d’enseignement, École de traduction et d’interprétation, Université d’Ottawa.
Abstract
Ein Weiser Narr’: Marshall McLuhan, Canadian Fool and Continental Philosopher
In this paper, I will address Canadian media theorist Marshall McLuhan’s translation and publication in Germany in the mid
1990’s, with a specific focus on his reception in the German press. Basing myself on a sample of 30 book reviews published by
both journalists and academics, I will demonstrate how history, the politics of translating and publishing, and McLuhan’s Canadian
profile have oriented the discourse surrounding his reception in Germany. In virtually every instance, McLuhan begins as the
Canadian “Narr,” or “fool,” as a mad media prophet of the 1960s North American cultural scene. He is forced, in other words, to
the margins of European cultural relevance. Whether or not he is eventually taken seriously depends on the reviewer’s capacity—
and inclination—to pull him away from this margin and into the center of traditions—philosophical, literary and artistic—that are
essentially continental. Marshall McLuhan becomes “ein Weiser” only once his Canadian origins are disregarded and he is
inducted into the pantheon of “European” philosophy.
Haluza-DeLay, Randolph
Randolph Haluza-DeLay is an Assistant Professor of Sociology at The King’s University College (Edmonton). He is one of the
editors of the forthcoming book Speaking for Ourselves: Environmental Justice in Canada (UBC Press, 2008), and edited a special
issue of the journal Local Environment on the topic in 2007. Other research includes anti-racism, religion and the environment, and
environmental social movements. The research for this paper was funded by the Laidlaw Foundation.
Randolph Haluza-DeLay est chargé d’enseignement en sociologie au King’s University College (Edmonton). Il est l’un des
rédacteurs du livre à paraître Speaking for Ourselves: Environmental Justice in Canada, UBC Press, 2008, et il a dirigé un numéro
spécial de la revue Local Environment sur la question en 2007. Ses autres travaux de recherche portent sur la lutte contre le
racisme, la religion et l’environnement ainsi que les mouvements sociaux dans le domaine de l’environnement. Les recherches
pour ce document ont été financées par la Laidlaw Foundation.
15
Abstract
Environment and Justice? Moving toward Sustainability with Social Inclusion
Environmental justice interrogates the intersections of social dynamics and demographics with questions of equity, justice, and the
environment. It is often said that Canada does not have an environmental justice movement whereas the United States has a very
active one. This does not, of course, mean that Canada does not have cases of injustice regarding land, resources, pollution or other
environmental matters, as increasing research is demonstrating. This paper will examine why the frame of environmental justice
has had little resonance in Canadian environmental politics or movement organizations. Chief among the reasons are that Canadian
social characteristics differ from the United States. However, a quick scan also shows that major Canadian players in the
sustainability discourse give limited attention to the concerns of social justice, equity or inclusion. Equally important is that the
particular master-frame of social inclusion does not leave room to include environmental issues. The paper concludes with
consideration of possibilities for “movement fusion” with social and environmental planning, politics and movements.
Hammill, Faye
Faye Hammill is a senior lecturer in English at the University of Strathclyde in Glasgow, and previously taught at the universities
of Liverpool and Cardiff. Her research interests are in Canadian literature and in early twentieth-century women’s writing. She is
editor of the British Journal of Canadian Studies, and author of Literary Culture and Female Authorship in Canada, 1760-2000
(Rodopi, 2003), winner of the Pierre Savard Award; Canadian Literature (Edinburgh UP, 2007) and Women, Celebrity and
Literary Culture Between the Wars (University of Texas Press, 2007). She is a co-editor of the Encyclopedia of British Women’s
Writing 1900-1950 (Palgrave, 2006).
Faye Hammill est maître de conférence en anglais à l’Université de Strathclyde à Glasgow, et elle a enseigné auparavant aux
universités de Liverpool et de Cardiff. Ses recherches portent sur la littérature canadienne et les écrits des femmes au début du XXe
siècle. Elle est rédactrice en chef du British Journal of Canadian Studies, et auteur de Literary Culture and Female Authorship in
Canada, 1760-2000, Rodopi, 2003, qui a remporté le Prix Pierre-Savard, de Canadian Literature, Edinburgh UP, 2007, et de
Women, Celebrity and Literary Culture Between the Wars, University of Texas Press, 2007. Elle a corédigé l’Encyclopedia of
British Women’s Writing 1900-1950, Palgrave, 2006.
Abstract
John Glassco, Canadian erotica and the ‘lying chronicle
Despite his manifold achievements in the fields of poetry, autobiography, translation, and anthologising, John Glassco is often
viewed as something of an embarrassment to Canadian literature. In the first place, his best-known book, Memoirs of
Montparnasse (1970) has been exposed as a deceptive text, masquerading as the work of an adolescent in 1920s Paris, but in fact
largely produced forty years later in his hometown of Montreal. In the second place, he was the author of several pornographic
fictions, with such uncompromising titles as The Temple of Pederasty (1970) and Fetish Girl (1972), as well as the more widely
read The English Governess (1960) and the fake nineteenth-century flagellation poem Squire Hardman (1966). Such productions
did not endear him to critics in the relatively conservative literary climate of mid-twentieth century Canada. Glassco responded to
the restrictions of his environment with a variety of editorial and publication strategies including self-censorship and a complicated
use of pen-names. He also provided pseudo-scholarly introductions to his erotic writing under his own name. Glassco’s
sophisticated frauds have tended to be criticised rather than admired, and the witty playfulness of his presentation of the erotic
texts, and also of the Memoirs (which he described as a lying chronicle), is often underestimated. This paper will work towards an
examination of Memoirs of Montparnasse in the context of Glassco’s more openly pornographic writing, considering the stylistic
similarities which are shared across his autobiographical and erotic writing, but also the ways in which the first draft of the
Memoirs was edited and cut so that it became accepted into the Canadian canon, whereas Glassco’s other work remains obscure. I
will discuss Glassco’s interpellation of a sexually sophisticated audience, his implication of the reader as knowing voyeur, and the
devious shapes of his narratives, which endlessly defer the satisfaction of both characters and reader. I will go on to argue,
however, that the primary form of erotic play in Glassco’s texts is a kind of teasing manipulation of notions of authorship and
authenticity. The paper is informed by, and contributes to, my ongoing research on Canadian writers and sensation in the early to
mid-twentieth century. It is also related to my interest in the imagined nations created in Canadian literary histories, and the
strategic exclusions which are necessary to such narratives.
Hanson, Lorelei L.
Lorelei Hanson is professor and coordinator of the environmental studies and human geography programs at Athabasca University.
Her current research interests include sustainable agriculture, environmental justice and Alberta identity.
Lorelei Hanson est professeure et coordonnatrice des programmes d’études environnementales et de géographie humaine à
l’Université d’Athabasca. Ses recherches actuelles portent sur l’agriculture durable, la justice environnementale et l’identité de
l’Alberta.
16
Abstract
The redneck underbelly: the Alberta advantage and the cycle of boom, bust and echo
A proliferation of popular and academic books and articles has appeared over the past few years focused on Alberta. The
celebration of Alberta’s centennial as a province within Canada, the current economic boom, and the election of a conservative
prime minister whose home base is Alberta, has been the impetus for many to reflect on the transformations within Alberta over
the past hundred years, the kind of place Alberta has become, and where it is headed (Collum, 2005; Ford, 2005; Lisac, 2004;
Payne, Wetherell & Cavanaugh, 2006; Sharpe, Gibbins, Marsh & Bala Edwards, 2005). While an image of gun toting, truckdriving, Christian, white, male rednecks often inform the popular sense of Albertans, a highly sophisticated, busy workforce drives
the province’s rapid economic growth. Human expertise combined with vast reserves of oil and gas that lie within the Athabasca
tar sands are responsible for making the province into what some call “Saudi Alberta,” with all the riches and exotic lifestyle that
this representation evokes (Nikiforuk, 2006). Alongside this, the province promotes what it calls the Alberta Advantage: Albertans
have the highest disposable income, the lowest unemployment rate, the lowest taxes, no provincial debt, an abundance of natural
resources and, if this isn’t enough, a beautiful natural environment (Government of Alberta, 2006). Yet, the view that Albertans are
white, Christian, rugged individuals concerned only with entrepreneurialism, resource development, and continual growth is only
one story among many about Alberta and the people who live there. Many in Alberta resist what they view as excessive resource
extraction and a business ethos based on market solutions to everything – economic or otherwise; not everyone in Alberta agrees
with what has been called the Alberta Advantage and questions who and what is advantaged (Harrison, 2005; Laxer & Harrison,
1995). This paper will examine the effects of the recent economic boom in Alberta in terms of its impact on the environment and
social cohesion. Based on research arising from a larger project which is broadly exploring Alberta culture, in this paper we will
examine two specific case studies: the recent proposals to develop a huge electrical transmission line across Alberta to feed
American markets, and housing and homelessness in the province. Although these two case studies may at first appear unrelated,
we will discuss how many of the same themes/discourses related to Alberta culture, politics and history connect them. Our interest
is in speaking to some of the dominant discourses that support provincial policies that fail to deliver the “Alberta Advantage” to
many of its citizens.
Haslip, Susan
Susan Haslip is a professor in the law clerk program at Algonquin College. Presently, Susan is completing her doctorate of laws
thesis (LL.D.) at the University of Ottawa on the subject area of trade-marks and Indigenous people in Canada. She completed a
Master of Laws (LL.M.) degree from the University of Ottawa where the focus of her research was the state use of force against
Aboriginal Peoples in Canada. She completed a Baccalaureate of Laws (LL.B.) degree at the University of Ottawa where she
graduated summa cum laude. She graduated with a Bachelor or Arts from the University of Waterloo on the Dean’s Honour List.
Susan Haslip est professeure au programme de stagiaires en droit au collège Algonquin. À l’heure actuelle, Susan termine sa thèse
de doctorat en droit (LL.D) à l’Université d’Ottawa sur les marques de commerce et les peuples autochtones au Canada. Elle a
terminé une maîtrise en droit (LL.M) à l’Université d’Ottawa, où ses recherches ont porté sur le recours à la force par l’État contre
les peuples autochtones au Canada. Elle a terminé un baccalauréat en droit (LL.B) avec très grande distinction à l’Université
d’Ottawa. Elle a obtenu un baccalauréat ès arts à l’Université de Waterloo et figure sur le palmarès du doyen.
Abstract
Canada Exposed: Commodification and Appropriation of Aboriginal Images in Trade-marks
The images of Aboriginal peoples (or images purportedly representing Aboriginal peoples) have been/are incorporated into trademarks, used by the trade-mark owner to distinguish their goods and services from those of another. Generally, the mark’s owner is
a non-Aboriginal person or non-Aboriginal owned business. In our presentation we examine incidents of commodification and
appropriation of Indigenous Cultural Heritage in Canada and mechanisms employed to deal with such appropriation. We explore
the theme of Canada exposed through photographic and filmic connotations of cases involving the use of Aboriginal images and/or
ancient images in marketing. As commodifications of Indigenous cultural heritage and claims over uses of the past continue to
expand, concerns about sharing the benefits of unauthorized or commercial exploitation of images, and designs will persist and
fuel debate, and, in some cases, legal action. We consider how Canadians (comedians, political cartoonists, and pressure groups)
have responded to the images. What do the images tell us about Canadian society, past, present and future? How do these images
expose Canada to its people and to the world? Canada’s intellectual property regime and, in particular, cultural appropriation that
occurs within the context of that regime, is used as the backdrop for this exploration. Recommendations for possible reform are
advanced with a view to providing more fertile soil upon which a more authentic relationship can be built.
Hernáez Lerena, María Jesús
Teaches nineteenth-century American literature and contemporary Canadian fiction at the University of La Rioja (Spain). Her
fields of research are short story theory, Canadian short story writers, and the fictions generated by the history of Atlantic Canada.
17
Some publications are the books: Exploración de un género literario: los relatos breves de Alice Munro (1998), Story Time:
Exercises in the Study of American Literature for Advanced Students of English (1999), and Short Story World: The NineteenthCentury American Masters (2003). She has co-edited, with Eva Darias, the book Canon Disorders: Gendered perspectives on
Literature and Film in Canada and the United States (forthcoming).
Enseigne la littérature américaine du XIXe siècle et la fiction canadienne contemporaine à l’Université de La Rioja (Espagne). Ses
domaines de recherche sont la théorie de la nouvelle, les rédacteurs de nouvelles canadiennes et les œuvres de fiction découlant de
l’histoire des provinces de l’Atlantique. Parmi ses publications figurent les livres Exploración de un género literario: los relatos
breves de Alice Munro (1998), Story Time: Exercises in the Study of American Literature for Advanced Students of English (1999),
et Short Story World: The Nineteenth-Century American Masters (2003). Elle a corédigé ave Eva Darias le livre Canon Disorders:
Gendered perspectives on Literature and Film in Canada and the United States (à paraître).
Abstract
“Visited Graves in Colonial Cemeteries: The Resurrections of Marguerite de Roberval
The aim of this paper is to examine the purpose of the fictions inspired by the figure of Marguerite de Roberval, a French
noblewoman marooned on an island off the Labrador coast in the course of the failed expedition of 1542, intended to establish the
first French Settlement in North America. The isolation of Marguerite in the Isle of Demons reminds us of the plight of other
abandoned women in universal literature, and her exile is curiously similar to the banishment of Adam and Eve, the first exiles on
earth. This morality play of early colonization has also a tremendous iconic potential outside the biblical dimension: in Elle: A
Novel (2003) Douglas Glover discovers Marguerite’s power of analogy within the context of Canadianness. Marguerite was the
first French settler in Canada before Canada existed and her case exposes the failures and cruelties of early colonization, the
paradoxes of a “non-foundational” moment. I will ultimately focus on Glover’s impersonation of Marguerite as a witty analyst of
her age; Glover is consciously writing within a postmodernist and postcolonial age, and he undertakes the persona of Marguerite as
a woman trapped by her very iconicity in a context presided over by the necessities of both national identity and parody. Glover’s
response to the past will be symptomatic of the limited ways we can address history in fiction; partly critique, partly evocation,
Marguerite will be given a hybrid existence both as parody-maker and as victim
Hitchins, Diddy R. M.
Currently Fulbright Senior Specialist with the University of Quebec at Montreal, Diddy Hitchins is the immediate past President of
the Association for Canadian Studies in the US and Emeritus Professor of Political Science/International Studies at the University
of Alaska Anchorage, where she taught Comparative Politics and Directed International Studies. The founder of UAA’s Canadian
Studies and North Pacific Studies programs, over recent years her areas of research interest have been politics in the Russian Far
East and the Circumpolar North, and comparative political reform in parliamentary political systems.
Actuellement spécialiste principale titulaire d’une bourse d’études Fulbright à l’Université du Québec à Montréal, Diddy Hitchins
est l’ex-présidente immédiate de l’Association d’études canadiennes aux États-Unis et professeure émérite de sciences politiques
et d’études internationales à l’Université d’Alaska à Anchorage, où elle a enseigné la politique comparée et les études
internationales dirigées. Fondatrice des programmes d’études canadiennes de l’UAA et des programmes d’études du Pacifique
Nord, au cours des dernières années, elle s’est intéressée dans ses recherches à la politique dans l’Extrême-Orient russe et le Nord
circumpolaire ainsi qu’à la réforme politique comparée dans les systèmes politiques parlementaires
Abstract
Despite its reputation as “the kinder, gentler North America”, Canada has no better record than the US in its treatment of northern
First Nations people who were in the path of development, with a shameful history of exploitation and resettlement with blatant
disregard for indigenous cultural sensitivities. The fact that those northern peoples were largely unseen by Canadians, made them
the more vulnerable. Likewise, the northern environment that sustained indigenous cultures in remarkable harmony, being little
known by most Canadians, was equally open to exploitation and abuse. With the widespread recent acceptance of the reality of
global warming, a searchlight is being focused on the north where the earliest impact is being felt. Did the creation of Nunavut in
1999 indicate Canada’s willingness to bring a new approach to the north? This paper will look at government responses to global
warming in the Canadian North, seeking to compare and contrast the responses of the different areas (Labrador, Nunavik/James
Bay, Nunavut, North West Territories, and Yukon) with a particular intent to see whether the response of Nunavut – a new model
consensus government with an Aboriginal foundation based on Inuit principles that embody traditional knowledge and values – is
greatly at variance with the responses of other northern areas.
Howells, Coral Ann
Coral Ann Howells is Professor Emerita, English and Canadian Literature, University of Reading, and Senior Tutor on the NILE
M.A. in postcolonial studies, University of London. She is a former President of the British Association of Canadian Studies and a
18
former Associate Editor of the International Journal of Canadian Studies. Her books include Private and Fictional Words,
Margaret Atwood (Atwood Society Best Book Award, 1997), Alice Munro, and Contemporary Canadian Women’s Fiction:
Refiguring Identities. She is editor of Where Are the Voices Coming From? Canadian Culture and the Legacies of History, and
The Cambridge Companion to Margaret Atwood (Atwood Society Best Book Award, 2007). With Eva-Marie Kröller she is coeditor of The Cambridge History of Canadian Literature (Forthcoming 2008/9).
Coral Ann Howells est professeure émérite d’anglais et de littérature canadienne, Université de Reading, et directrice d’études
principale de la maîtrise NILE en études postcoloniales, Université de Londres. Elle a été présidente de l’Association britannique
d’études canadiennes et rédactrice adjointe de l’International Journal of Canadian Studies. Ses livres comprennent Private and
Fictional Words, Margaret Atwood (Prix du Meilleur Livre de la société Margaret Atwood, 1997), Alice munro, et Contemporary
Canadian Women’s Fiction: Refiguring Identities. Elle est l’auteur de Where Are the Voices Coming From? Canadian Culture and
the Legacies of History, et The Cambridge Companion to Margaret Atwood (Prix du Meilleur Livre de la société Margaret
Atwood, 2007). Avec Eva-Marie Kroller, elle a corédigé The Cambridge History of Canadian Literature (à paraître en 20082009).
Abstract
Switching the Plot: From ‘Survival’ to ‘Cambridge Companion to Canadian Literature’
Literary history like the novel is a narrative genre, and the question is always, what kind of story do we want to tell? This paper
will trace the shifting narrative imperatives in English-Canadian literary histories since the 1970s, showing how and why stories
about the nation and its literature have changed from traditional anglo-centred canon formation to a polarised multicultural
discourse. Starting with Atwood’s “Survival: A Thematic Guide to Canadian Literature” (1972) and ending with the “Cambridge
Companion to Canadian Literature”, edited Eva-Marie Kroller (2004), I shall consider why so many new literary histories and
revisions of these histories have been produced in this period. Paper will study patterns of change across the decades: 1980s binary
oppositions between Keith’s and New’s histories and the widening parameters of Canadian literature, identity and history,
exposing alternative histories occluded within the national narrative; 1990s symptoms of crisis as histories reflect the intersection
of literary and social narratives; 2000 and since, where revisionary narratives emphasise different motifs of identity and different
ways of telling Canadian literary history. These new versions demonstrate the interrelatedness between national history, literary
history, and creative writing, and the crucial importance of fiction to changing ideas of nation and national identity
Jarosz, Krzysztof
Professeur de littérature française, québécoise et de traduction littéraire à l’Université de Silésie à Katowice (Pologne). Vicedirecteur de l’Institut des Langues Romanes et de Traduction Littéraire, responsable de la Chaire d’Études Canadiennes et de
Traduction Littéraire. Président de l’Association Polonaise d’Études Canadiennes. Auteur de deux livres (sur Aquin et Giono),
rédacteur de deux collectifs et de plus de 50 articles sur la littérature française et québécoise et sur la traduction. Rédacteur en chef
de la revue littéraire Romanica Silesiana. Traducteur en polonais des œuvres de Sartres, Derrida, Deleuze, Dali, Barthes, Kokis,
Bataille, Cioran.
Krzysztof Jarosz is Professor of French and Québécois Literature and Literary Translation at the University of Silesia, Katowice
(Poland). Vice Director of the Institute of Romance Languages and Literary Translation, he also heads the Department of Canadian
Research and Literary Translation and is President of the Polish Society of Canadian Research. He has authored two books (on
Aquin and Giono), as well as two collections and has also written more than 50 articles on French and Québécois literature and on
translation. Editor-in-Chief of the literary journal Romanica Silesiana, he is also a Polish translator of the works of Sartres,
Derrida, Deleuze, Dali, Barthes, Kokis, Bataille, and Cioran.
Résumé
À l’ombre de la mort. Le suicide des jeunes dans Gazole de Bertrand Gervais
Le suicide des jeunes constitue un grave problème non seulement au Canada, mais dans tous les pays développés du monde. Ce
problème, lié à la rupture générationnelle avec des valeurs traditionnels et au déracinement subséquent des jeunes qui cherchent à
créer une attitude inédite envers les problèmes existentiels, pratiquement sans référence aux acquis de leurs ascendants directs et
dans un vide comparable à l’espace apollinarien de zone du début du XXe siècle (notion qui inclut à la fois la modernité, donc la
rupture avec la tradition, la vacuité idéologique et le manque de tout objectif stable) constitue le sujet du roman récent Gazole
(XYZ, Montréal, 2001, 2005) de l’écrivain canadien d’expression française, Bertrand Gervais, professeur à l’UQAM. Dans ces
ouvrages littéraires Gervais se fait un sismographe très sensible des problèmes de la nouvelle génération, la deuxième, après celle
qui a opéré la rupture d’avec les valeurs traditionnelles à l’époque de la Révolution tranquille et de Woodstock. Le suicide d’un
membre du groupe rock au nom signifiactif Livre des morts (allusion au Thődol thibétain) déclenche chez les collègues du défunt
une enquête passionnée sur les raisons présumées de sa décision et, par conséquent, des interrogations sur leur propre identité et
sur l’attitude à prendre envers la vie dans le monde actuel. Sans donner des réponses faciles ni fournir un roman à thèse, Gervais
donne un excellent diagnostic de l’envers sombre d’une société postindustrielle exhibant à l’extérieur un visage lumineux qui
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s’avère trompeur, surtout en ce qui concerne les adolescents qui, au seuil de la vie adulte, se retrouvent tout seuls à choisir une voie
qu’ils veulent loin des repères et ornières qu’ont laissées les générations de leurs ancêtres, y compris leurs ascendants directs.
Document littéraire, plus parlant à l’imagination que des enquêtes sociologiques, Gazole est un témoignage poignant de l’état
mental de la génération qui entre en vie adulte au début du XXIe siècle.
Kaur, Amrit
Amrit Kaur has been working as a senior lecturer in a local P.G. College for last 17 years and holds an M.Phil. and Ph.D. Her
research work was on Commonwealth literature. She has presented about 20 papers in National and International conferences.
Some of them have been published. She has supervised six M.Phil dissertations. She is an active member of the Women Cell of
her college. Feminist Literature is her recent area of interest.
Conférencière principale dans un collège local pendant 17 ans, elle détient une maîtrise et un doctorat en philosophie. Ses travaux
de recherche ont porté sur la littérature du Commonwealth. Elle a présenté environ 20 documents au cours de conférences
nationales et internationales, dont certains ont été publiés. Elle a supervisé six thèses de maîtrise en philosophie. Membre active de
la cellule des femmes de son collège, elle s’intéresse depuis peu à la littérature féministe.
Abstract
Emotional Cannibalism in Canadian Society: As Exposed by Margaret Atwood in her Novels
Keeping in mind the various aspects of the changing socio-political, economic and literary scene Margaret Atwood’s novels make
an interesting reading as they analyze the psychological make up and ‘live’ experiences of the protagonists. Atwood takes us to the
very core of a fast changing material minded and industrially advanced society. In a brilliant way Atwood underscores the need to
pay heed to the growing rift between the social and inner selves of her characters. Their actions do not match their innermost
thoughts and feelings because they yield to the demands of their society. This seems to be the only way to survive in their society
which is both predatory and strangulating.
In this abnormally normal society most of the characters struggle hard to appear normal and well adjusted – unaware of the fact
that their frustrations and anxieties are born out of their sick society. Set in 20th century Canada Atwood’s novels are a critique of
what George Woodcock memorably sums up as “emotional cannibalism.”
Atwood forces her countrymen to become aware of the dark, awkward, rejected and repressed shadow side of themselves by
insisting that almost all of them get their emotional nourishment from feeding on others and that “technology and social
sophistication are transparent pretenses behind which man is naked, with a drooling fang and club at the ready.” This serious, razor
sharp perception makes her novels largely realistic and even the more self-indulgent grotesquerie derived from the social
conditions by which Atwood found herself surrounded. In my paper I will try to analyze and interpret this darker side of Canadian
society as exposed by Atwood in some of her novels.
Kröller, Eva-Marie
Eva-Marie Kröller, FRSC, is Professor and Associate Head in the Department of English, University of British Columbia. Recent
and forthcoming publications include the Cambridge Companion to Canadian Literature (2004) and the Cambridge History of
Canadian Literature, ed. with Coral Ann Howells (forthcoming 2008-9). Professor Kröller was editor of the journal Canadian
Literature 1995-2003.
Eva-Marie Kröller, MSRC, est professeure et directrice adjointe du Département d’anglais de l’Université de la ColombieBritannique. Ses publications récentes et à venir sont les suivantes : Cambridge Companion to Canadian Literature (2004) et
Cambridge History of Canadian Literature, dirigée de concert avec Coral Ann Howells (à paraître en 2008-2009). Madame
Kröller a été rédactrice en chef de la revue Canadian Literature de 1995 à 2003.
Abstract
Switching the Plot: From ‘Survival’ to ‘Cambridge Companion to Canadian Literature’
Literary history like the novel is a narrative genre, and the question is always, what kind of story do we want to tell? This paper
will trace the shifting narrative imperatives in English-Canadian literary histories since the 1970s, showing how and why stories
about the nation and its literature have changed from traditional anglo-centred canon formation to a polarised multicultural
discourse. Starting with Atwood’s “Survival: A Thematic Guide to Canadian Literature” (1972) and ending with the “Cambridge
Companion to Canadian Literature”, edited Eva-Marie Kroller (2004), I shall consider why so many new literary histories and
revisions of these histories have been produced in this period. Paper will study patterns of change across the decades: 1980s binary
oppositions between Keith’s and New’s histories and the widening parameters of Canadian literature, identity and history,
exposing alternative histories occluded within the national narrative; 1990s symptoms of crisis as histories reflect the intersection
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of literary and social narratives; 2000 and since, where revisionary narratives emphasise different motifs of identity and different
ways of telling Canadian literary history. These new versions demonstrate the interrelatedness between national history, literary
history, and creative writing, and the crucial importance of fiction to changing ideas of nation and national identity
Laberge, Yves
Professeur invité à l’Université d’Aix-en-Provence, Yves Laberge, Ph.D., est sociologue et chercheur associé à Québec. Il a
contribué à une centaine d’articles parus dans une douzaine d’encyclopédies, incluant une dizaine d’articles dans : Encyclopedia of
Capitalism (New York: Facts on File, 2004), et cinq articles dans Encyclopedia of the World’s Minorities (Routledge, 2005).
Guest professor at the Université d’Aix-en-Provence, Yves Laberge, Ph.D., is a sociologist and Associate Researcher at the
Université Laval, Québec City. He has contributed a hundred or so articles to a dozen encyclopedias including Encyclopedia of
Capitalism (New York: Facts on File, 2004), and the Encyclopedia of the World’s Minorities (Routledge, 2005).
Résumé
Un récit biaisé de l’histoire : l’occultation du ‘Grand dérangement’ dans un documentaire canadien ‘La Vallée de la Saint-Jean’
(1949)
Mon exposé part de l’analyse d’un court métrage sur l’histoire du Canada: « La Vallée de la Saint-Jean » (1949), réalisé par
Stephen Greenlees et produit par l’ONF. Le résumé « officiel » de ce documentaire de 22 minutes, traduit de l’anglais, évoque
simplement la « Petite histoire de Fredericton, la capitale de la vallée de la Saint-Jean au Nouveau-Brunswick qui fête son
centenaire. Visites des villes de Saint-Jean et, plus au nord, d’Edmunston, citadelle du fait français au Nouveau-Brunswick. » Il
particulièrement est intéressant d’analyser la manière condescendante avec laquelle les francophones sont présentés dans ce film.
En voulant en faire un portrait noble, voire épique, on traduit en fait une vision dominatrice, partiale, incomplète et réductrice de
leur statut dans cette province. Les images, les commentaires en « voix-off », la trame sonore trahissent le point de vue de
l’observateur anglophone, et confirment le stéréotype du paysan francophone. Mais qui plus est, on constate ici l’absence de toute
référence à la Déportation des Acadiens de 1755, autant dans les descriptions des régions aujourd’hui habitées par les nombreux
descendants des loyalistes que dans les zones où vivent les Brayons. Par une analyse de contenu, ce constat saute aux yeux dans le
récit donné sur les origines de la province, la vie quotidienne aux siècles précédents (18e et 19e), et les premières années de la
présence européenne dans cette colonie. Il n’est même pas question de l’existence (ou de la présence) des francophones au
Nouveau-Brunswick dans la première moitié du film. Nous convoquerons deux concepts pour saisir ces dynamiques dans le
contexte canadien: les idéologies et l’historiographie (c’est-à-dire l’écriture de l’histoire). En voulant écrire « l’histoire officielle »
du Nouveau-Brunswick, ce film de l’ONF dissimulait en réalité une portion essentielle mais peu reluisante de l’histoire. Cette
étude nous fait comprendre que la reconnaissance du « Grand dérangement » n’a pas toujours été faite, et que l’écriture de
l’histoire peut s’effectuer de diverses manières, selon les époques et les différents points de vue. Il faut aussi se souvenir que la
mission de l’ONF était de « faire connaître le Canada aux Canadiens et au monde », par conséquent, cette image se devait d’être
positive. Ces considérations nous amèneront à réfléchir sur le sens de ce film: propagande officielle ou simplement « vision du
monde conforme aux mentalités du milieu du 20e siècle » ? Le corpus utilisé se limitera à un seul film, mais des références à
d’autres titres ultérieurs (« Éloge du chiac », 1969; « L’Acadie, l’Acadie », 1971) qui révèlent un pan de la vérité sur les conditions
de vie de cette minorité francophone seront aussi évoquées. Du point de vue technique, quelques extraits seront présentés (sur
vidéo VHS) à titre d’illustration. Notre analyse sera basée sur les personnages, les situations, les lieux, les référents culturels, les
représentations sociales, l’esthétique du documentaire, le montage. L’approche méthodologique sera qualitative et comparative. Le
cadre théorique de cette recherche sera interdisciplinaire et empruntera aux théories de la communication, la sociologie des
médias, l’ethnopolitique et aux études culturelles.
Lam Maxwell, Judy
Doctoral candidate, History Specialist in Chinese Transnational Migration, University of Victoria. She is a native of Vancouver
with an interesting Eurasian heritage that connects her to the histories of Canada and China, and to her research in Chinese
Transnational Migration. She has a B.A. (History, Asian Studies, International Relations) and an M.A. (History) from the
University of British Columbia. Her Master’s thesis on the Chinese Canadian veterans from the Second World War includes
personal interviews detailing how these veterans brought about groundbreaking changes for Chinese and other minorities in
Canada following the war. She is involved with Chinese Canadian Military Museum in Vancouver as Chief Researcher and
Assistant to the President.
Aspirante au doctorat, spécialiste en histoire de la migration transnationale des Chinois, Université de Victoria. Elle est née à
Vancouver et s’intéresse au patrimoine eurasien, qui lui permet d’établir un lien avec les histoires du Canada et de la Chine ainsi
qu’avec ses recherches sur la migration transnationale des Chinois. Elle détient un baccalauréat (histoire, études asiatiques et
relations internationales) et une maîtrise (histoire) de l’Université de la Colombie-Britannique. Sa thèse de maîtrise sur les anciens
combattants canadiens chinois de la Deuxième Guerre mondiale comprend des entrevues personnelles expliquant en détail
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comment ceux-ci ont fait œuvre de pionniers en apportant des changements dont ont bénéficié les Chinois et d’autres minorités au
Canada après la guerre. Elle participe aux activités du Musée militaire canadien chinois de Vancouver à titre de chercheuse en chef
et d’adjointe au président.
Abstract
Double Standards? The Hypocrisy of Canada’s Anti-Chinese Laws
Canada has evolved from a frontierland, predominantly controlled by bigoted Anglos and other white European immigrants, to a
receptive and broad-minded nation of diversity and tolerance. And although Canada is officially a Multicultural Mosaic, it has a
past full of shameful and intentionally obscured secrets. I shall expose fascinating secrets, uncovered by my Chinese historical
research:
1.Why did the Canadian government enact the Head Tax (1885-1923) and The Chinese Immigration Act (1923-1947) -- also
known as Chinese Exclusion -- only on people of Chinese descent?
2. How many people know that during the Second World War (1939-1945), Chinese Canadians volunteered and risked their lives
for Canada and democracy while they were disenfranchised and Exclusion was in effect at home?
3. How was William Poy, the father of the former Governor-General able to settle in Canada with his family 1941, while
Exclusion was still in effect?
Few of these subjects and questions are known by the general Canadian public. Clearly, biased laws were created and tractable to
serve political agendas, financial prerogatives, and maintain an unworldly-Darwinian white country. However, now that China has
opened its Communist doors to capitalism, secrets are now being uncovered.
Macdonald, Douglas
Douglas Macdonald, Ph.D. is a Senior Lecturer with the Centre for Environment, University of Toronto. He is the author of two
books, The Politics of Pollution (McClelland and Stewart, 1991) and Business and Environmental Politics in Canada (Broadview,
2007). He has published widely on such subjects as the federal-provincial climate-change policy process; environmental policy
instrument selection; the business response to environmentalism; the insurance industry and climate policy; taxation and user fees
as solid waste policy instruments; and the politics of solid waste management.
Douglas Macdonald, Ph.D., est conférencier au Centre pour l’environnement, Université de Toronto. Il est l’auteur de deux livres :
The Politics of Pollution, McClelland and Stewart, 1991, et Business and Environmental Politics in Canada, Broadview, 2007. Il a
publié de nombreux textes sur des questions comme le processus fédéral-provincial en matière de changement climatique, la
sélection des moyens d’action en environnement, la réponse de entreprises à l’environnementalisme, l’industrie de l’assurance et la
politique relative au climat, la fiscalité et les frais d’utilisation comme les moyens d’action concernant les déchets solides ainsi que
la politique de gestion des déchets solides.
Abstract
Giving the Appearance of Action: Government Rhetoric Respecting its Environmental Regulation, 1970 - 2007
The paper will examine select examples of the descriptions of regulatory programs presented by Canadian provincial and federal
governments since they first put in place the current system of environmental law. Comparisons will be made between the realities
of such programs and those images presented to the Canadian public. To the extent possible, the gap between reality and
promotional images will be explored, in terms of regional differentiation and trends over time. The theoretical basis for the paper is
the assumption that all the major environmental policy actors – governments, business firms and environmentalists – share an
interest in “environmental legitimacy” because it is an important source of political power. This leads to both the exaggerated
claims examined here and a three-way dynamic by which the norms of environmental legitimacy are continually being redefined.
The environmental rhetoric of governments is an important part of that process, contributing both to government self-interest in the
form of electoral advantage and also to the framing of the environmental problem and policy objectives.
Martín-Lucas, Belén
Dr. Belén Martín-Lucas teaches postcolonial literatures in English at the University of Vigo, Spain, where she coordinates the
Research Group Feminario de Investigación Feminismos e Resistencias (Teorías e Prácticas). She has published extensively both
in English and Spanish on Canadian women’s fiction, on feminist perspectives on nationalisms, and on the use of new literary
genres by feminist authors.
Madame Belén Martín-Lucas enseigne les littératures postcoloniales en anglais à l’Université de Vigo, Espagne, où elle coordonne
le groupe de recherche Feminario de Investigación Feminismos e Resistencias (Teorías e Prácticas). Elle a publié un grand
nombre de textes en anglais et en espagnol sur des œuvres de fiction de femmes au Canada, les points de vue féministes sur les
nationalismes et l’utilisation des nouveaux genres littéraires par les auteurs féministes.
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Abstract
On the ‘Dark Side of the Nation’: Racialized Women’s Critique of Canadian Nationalism(s)
Canadian nationalism has been widely theorized in relation to Canada’s colonial past under French and British rule and its
neocolonial present under American hegemony. Many authors have pointed out, both in creative and critical writings, the profound
relationship between women’s subjugated position and Canada’s colonization, which is frequently expressed in gendered
metaphors. The struggle of contemporary women to overcome gender oppression is then often understood as parallel to Canada’s
desire for independence. Due to the multiple tensions within Canada along its history, many Canadian intellectuals have felt the
need to articulate a definition of the Canadian nation that would provide a commonality that could be shared by all inhabitants and
would distinguish them from their “colonizers,” French, British and American. Nevertheless, the First Nations and Quebec have
for centuries vindicated their own nationalist claims, while the officially designated “visible minorities” have more recently stated
their own discontent with the current definitions of the Canadian multicultural nation, bringing to the forefront of the debate “the
dark side of the nation,” in Himani Bannerji’s words. Authors like Claire Harris, Marlene Nourbese Philip, Himani Bannerji, Arun
Srivastava, Joy Kogawa, Sky Lee, Hiromi Goto, Larissa Lai, among many others, vindicate both their feminism and their
transcultural and/or transnational identities as political strategies in defence of their distinct hyphenated identities and in active
resistance to the assimilationist forces that the single term “Canadian” may press on them. It is my aim in this paper to provide a
re-vision of the theoretical, critical and fictional writing of the decade of the nineties on the “unpacking” of the conflation of body
politic, female body, national place, and dominance (Diana Brydon 1993) in the discourse of multicultural nationalism in Canada
from feminist antiracist political positions.
Morton, Erin
Erin Morton is a PhD candidate and Teaching Fellow in the Department of Art at Queen’s University. Her research interests
include visual culture production and museum representation in Canada. She is currently completing research on the installment
and expansion of liberalism in Canada, those who re-shaped and resisted this project, and the intersections of these political
developments with visual culture in Atlantic Canada.
Erin Morton est aspirante au doctorat et adjointe à l’enseignement au Département des arts de l’Université Queen’s. Ses travaux de
recherche portent sur la production culturelle visuelle et la représentation muséale au Canada. Elle termine actuellement ses
recherches sur l’avènement et l’expansion du libéralisme au Canada, ceux qui ont refaçonné ce projet et s’y sont opposés et les
recoupements de ces événements politiques avec la culture visuelle dans les provinces de l’Atlantique.
Abstract
‘No option but to leave’: A Regional Inquiry into Atlantic Canada’s Culture Industry
In a recent article, Canadian historian Ian McKay remembers the time he spent teaching at Saint Mary’s University in the early
1980s. While working through several texts on underdevelopment and dependency in Atlantic Canada, McKay notes that—at least
in the eyes of his impressionable students—“the verdict was clear: the region stood condemned. I felt that, at the end of the class,
there was a palpable sense of ‘no option’ in the air: no option, that is, but to leave” (2000, p. 100). In retrospect, McKay argues
that by advancing such regional narratives of “metropolis/hinterland interaction … we have missed many interesting other stories
about entrepreneurs and others who saw potential in crises.” (2000, p. 99). Picking up on McKay’s discussion here, this paper
examines one such story by considering how this sense of regional finality has functioned historically in the Canadian intellectual
imagination. In particular, I expose the way cultural producers in Atlantic Canada have used histories of regional economic crises
to develop an increasingly expanding culture industry there in the latter half of the twentieth century. I argue that previously
dominant frameworks in Canadian history writing (including Creighton’s frontier thesis and Graeme and McCann’s
heartland/hinterland models, which posit the Atlantic region as a politically conservative, economically dependent cultural
backwater) continue to spur the development of a localized culture industry that competes with the rapidity of global economic
processes. As former understandings of culture as a marker of artistic merit and a coherent force that bonds communities together
evaporate in light of globalizing forces, the symbolic dissemination of local culture acts increasingly as a political and economic
expedient. For instance, New Brunswick’s contested Beaverbook art collection, Prince Edward Island’s fictionalized literary
heroine Anne of Green Gables, and Nova Scotia’s heralded folk artist Maud Lewis provide notable examples of the way culture is
used to draw tourists into Atlantic Canada. I investigate these examples in a historically specific and contextual way, so as to
expose cultural producers’ use of local museums, art collections, and literary and visual culture as resources to curtail pervasive
and determinist histories of regional fall into economic dependence.
Niergarth, Kirk
Kirk Niergarth is a Post-Doctoral Fellow with the Department of History of the University of New Brunswick. His doctoral
dissertation, “Art and Democracy: New Brunswick Artists and Canadian culture between the Depression and the Cold War”
(2007), explores the connections between art and politics in Canada during the 1930s and 1940s.
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Kirk Niergarth est détenteur d’une bourse de perfectionnement post-doctoral au Département d’histoire de l’Université du
Nouveau-Brunswick. Sa thèse de doctorat « Art and Democracy: New Brunswick Artists and Canadian culture between the
Depression and the Cold War » (2007), explore les liens entre l’art et la politique au Canada pendant les années 1930 et 1940.
Abstract
The Divine Image: Street Children in the work of Saint John Painters, 1930-1950
In the years of the Depression and the Second World War, artists in Saint John, including Miller Brittain and Jack Humphrey,
repeatedly depicted poor children in both portraits and genre scenes. The paper will discuss both the material circumstances that
spurred the creation of these images and the meanings contemporary viewers would have drawn from them. With very few
exceptions, the poverty of the child-sitters portrayed by Brittain, Humphrey, and other Saint John artists, such as Julia Crawford, is
not only evident but emphasized. Images of neglected children were and remain powerful propaganda tools in highlighting social
injustice. In 1930s Saint John, even with staggering levels of unemployment, the belief that able-bodied men could find
employment if they were sufficiently industrious was still widely held. Poverty could be, and was, blamed on individual sloth,
vice, or some combination of the two. But children? Surely the children in these images could not be blamed for their own
deprivation. It would be a misreading, however, to suggest that these artists’ images of Saint John children are only designed to
evoke pity or charity. The children in Brittain and Humphrey’s portraits are not rendered as archetypes but as unique
individuals. The subject faces the viewer directly, creating a confrontation that reflects the works’ fundamental humanist
intention. “Who on earth wants a picture of poverty hanging on their livingroom wall?” Brittain was once asked by a potential
purchaser. “This is a human being, made in the image of God,” Brittain replied. “Every human being is important. That’s what
civilization is all about, isn’t it?”
Parker, Roy
Roy Parker is a professor emeritus of social policy at the University of Bristol. Much of his recent work has been concerned with
issues surrounding children but he has published in other fields as well, being particularly interested in the politics of social policy
and its history. He has had connections with Canada since 1976 and has been a visiting professor at the universities of Carleton,
Victoria, and Manitoba. His recent books have included Adoption Now, Wiley, 1999; Disabled Children in Britain (with Gordon
and Loughran), Stationary Office; 2000, and Uprooted: the Shipment of Poor Children to Canada, 1867-1917, Policy Press, 2008.
Roy Parker est professeur émérite en politique sociale à l’Université de Bristol. La plupart de ses œuvres récentes portaient sur les
questions concernant les enfants, mais il a publié dans d’autres domaines; il s’intéresse en particulier aux aspects politiques de la
politique sociale et à son histoire. Il a des liens avec le Canada depuis 1976 et il a été professeur invité aux universités Carleton, de
Victoria et du Manitoba. Ses livres récents comprenaient les suivants : Adoption Now, Wiley, 1999; Disabled Children in Britain
(avec Gordon et Loughran), Stationary Office, 2000, et Uprooted: the Shipment of Poor Children to Canada, 1867-1917, Policy
Press, 2008.
Abstract
British Children for Canada: The Other Question
Some 80,000 poor British children (typically between the ages of 10 and 12) were shipped to Canada in the 50 years after
Confederation. The question that is often asked is why there were so many. Yet the circumstances in Canada, as well as in Britain,
seemed to favour an even larger exodus, especially when the demand for the children’s services far outstripped the number
arriving. The alternative question, therefore, is why were more not sent? To answer that, the nature of the opposition to the
movement and the actual availability of the children have to be explored. Such issues take us into the contemporary world of
politics, economics, social conditions, and the law, as well as the evolving relations between the two countries.
Pennington, Chris
Dr. Christopher John Pennington is an Assistant Professor of History at the University of Toronto Scarborough. He received his
doctorate in Canadian History from U of T, and specializes in the study of Canadian politics and foreign relations. His first book,
titled The Destiny of Canada: Macdonald, Laurier, and the Election of 1891, is scheduled to appear in Fall 2008.
M. Christopher John Pennington est professeur adjoint en histoire à l’Université de Toronto (Scarborough). Il a reçu son doctorat
en histoire canadienne à cette université et il se spécialise dans l’étude de la politique canadienne et des relations étrangères. Son
premier livre intitulé The Destiny of Canada: Macdonald, Laurier, and the Election of 1891, doit paraître au cours de l’automne
2008.
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Abstract
The Revelation of the Farrer Pamphlet in the Election of 1891 – and what it really exposed
On 17 February 1891, sir John A. Macdonald made the last great speech of his life. He was in the midst of his final election
campaign and his Conservatives were struggling, but the “old man” had one more ace up his sleeve. He was armed with stolen
proof pages from a secret pamphlet written by a maverick Liberal editor, Edward Farrer, advising Americans how to force Canada
into annexation. Presenting these pages with relish, and announcing that they were proof of a grand Liberal conspiracy to sell out
Canada to the United States, Macdonald openly accused his opponents of committing “veiled treason.” This extraordinary charge,
given a semblance of authenticity by the simultaneous revelation of the “Farrer Pamphlet,” turned the tide of the campaign. Sir
John A. himself attributed the ensuing Conservative victory largely to the exposure of that pamphlet, and so did many infuriated
Liberals. But it was all a sham. Macdonald had no evidence that tied any leading Liberal to any sort of annexationist conspiracy,
and he knew it. Nor did the pamphlet reveal anything new about Farrer, who had been a closet annexationist even when working,
earlier in his career, as a Conservative journalist. The whole episode just gave the Conservatives an opportunity to wrap
themselves in the British flag, play on the latent anti-Americanism of the Canadian electorate, and upend a Liberal campaign
which had seemed poised to ride its popular free trade policy to a long-awaited victory. If the “Farrer Pamphlet” had not exposed
“veiled treason,” however, the affair had revealed a great deal about the nature of Canadian politics and Canadian nationalism in
the late nineteenth century. It was a telling example of the sordid quality of political debate of this era, of the ruthless tactics that
Macdonald and the Conservatives resorted to, and of the continuing inability of the Liberal Party to combat these tactics (which,
by 1891, they really ought to have anticipated). More importantly, much can be discerned about the “destiny of Canada” debate by
examining the fallout from the exposed “Farrer Pamphlet.” For all that it did expose, the revelation of the pamphlet was most
important for what it obscured: an oft-neglected continentalist brand of Canadian nationalism, and one with very obvious relevance
to modern-day Canada.
Rolfe, Christopher
Christopher Rolfe is Past-President of the ICCS and the Conference Chair. He is a University Fellow at the University of Leicester
in the UK and Director of the Centre for Quebec Studies that he established there in 1998. He has published on a wide range of
Quebec and Canada related topics but for some time now his research has concentrated on the visual arts, especially printmaking,
in Canada.
Président sortant du CIEC, M. Christopher Rolfe préside la conférence. Il est University Fellow de l’Université de Leicester au R.U. et directeur du Centre des études québécoises qu’il a créé en 1998. Il a publié des textes sur une gamme étendue de sujets
relatifs au Québec et au Canada, mais depuis un certain temps, ses recherches portent surtout sur les arts visuels, en particulier la
gravure de reproduction au Canada.
Abstract
Public Issues, Personal Visions: Canadian Printmakers Expose Canada
This paper will discuss selected elements of the work of two celebrated and very different Canadian printmakers: David
Blackwood and Barbara Zeigler. The intention will be to explore how, as artists, they have responded to the society about them,
either recording its narratives and myths or exposing and protesting against its mistakes and stupidity. Interestingly, both are
essentially concerned about a marine environment: Blackwood about a seafaring Newfoundland, Zeigler about the Pacific Coast of
British Columbia. Blackwood (who is considered to be one of Canada’s most eminent printmakers and, indeed, one of its foremost
artists) has produced a body of work which holds a special place in the Canadian imagination. This paper will focus on his work
portraying Bragg Island and, more specifically, those prints that ‘narrate’ the resettlement that took place in the fifties under the
Smallwood government. Blackwood’s prints depicting wooden houses being towed across the water to another community will be
discussed to show how he mythologises, creates an ‘epic’ out of what was, certainly, a significant event at the local level but one
which, in the broader picture of human migrations, could easily be forgotten. The implications of images to do with a local event
reaching an even wider audience (a lavish monograph has played a major role) will be touched on. Down the ages, printmaking
has often been used to mock, satirise, protest against the society in which the artist lives (one need only think of Gilray and
Rowlandson). Barbara Zeigler, who is an Associate professor at the University of BC, joins that long tradition. Her profound
concerns about the threat to the ecology of the Pacific Coast find expression in prints which are disturbing and thought-provoking.
The paper will discuss prints such as ‘By-Catch, Stevenson, BC’ and “Under Siege” to show how her images (which make use of
digital technologies) force Canadians (and all of us) to question the way humanity is threatening the environment.
Rzepa, Agnieszka
Dr Agnieszka Rzepa is assistant professor at the English Department of Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Poland. Her
research interests focus on contemporary Canadian novel, magic realism in North American literature, issues of memory in
literature, and feminist literary theory. Her current work-in-progress is a book-length study of Canadian magic realism. She has
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published over 20 articles on Canadian and US literature in scholarly journals and in collections of articles. She was President and
is currently Vice-President of the Polish Association for Canadian Studies.
Madame Agnieszka Rzepa est professeure adjointe au Département d’anglais de l’Université Adam Mickiewicz à Poznan en
Pologne. Ses travaux de recherche portent sur le roman canadien contemporain, le réalisme magique dans la littérature nordaméricaine, les questions de mémoire en littérature et la théorie littéraire féministe. Elle travaille actuellement à une longue étude
sur le réalisme magique au Canada. Elle a publié plus de 20 articles sur la littérature canadienne et la littérature américaine dans
des revues savantes et dans des collections d’articles. Elle a été présidente et est actuellement vice-présidente de l’Association
polonaise d’études canadiennes.
Abstract
Through the Arch and into the Coyote Country: Noman and The Double Hook
Sheila Watson’s novel The Double Hook (1959) and Gwendolyn MacEwen’s short story cycle Noman (1972), in spite of their
highly universal appeal, are grounded in the specificities of Canada and might be read as providing original, though oblique
visions of the country. Though they are by no means texts on Canada as such, the motives of the coming together of the opposites,
the circle of birth, death and rebirth, return, regeneration undoubtedly contribute also to differently developed, but partly
coinciding ideas of what Canada is and of what it might become, just as Canadian realities are translated into universal concerns.
Both texts have often been placed by critics within a broader tradition in contemporary Canadian writing aimed at the exploration
of “the marvellous amid the mundane” in a specifically Canadian context. The exploration is carried out by intertwining elements
of European Judeo-Christian and Native-Canadian mythologies. The mundane Canada becomes the battleground of universal
forces and is revealed as a place of magic and possibility. In other words, in the texts selected for discussion, Sheila Watson and
Gwendolyn MacEwan focus on the area were the universal overlaps with the particular. My paper constitutes an attempt at
examining coincidences between the two idiosyncratic literary visions of Canada, and the way in which they “expose” Canada: its
shortcomings and its potential.
Schaub, Danielle
Professor Danielle Schaub received her PhD from the Université Libre de Bruxelles, Belgium (1994) for her research on Mavis
Gallant’s short fiction. She holds two MAs from the Université Libre de Bruxelles, Belgium, one in English and Dutch philology
and literature (1976), the other in Spanish philology and literature (1977), and is presently studying for yet another MA, this time
in bibliotherapy at the University of Haifa, Israel. Since 1988, she has been teaching in the English Department of Oranim, the
Academic College of Education (secondary campus of the University of Haifa until 2000) where she teaches, amongst other
subjects, Canadian literature, creative writing and film/fiction correspondence. Apart from numerous articles in journals and
books, her publications include Precarious Present/Promising Future? Ethnicity and Identities in Canadian Literature (1996),
Mavis Gallant (1998), Mapping Canadian Cultural Space: Essays on Canadian Literature (2000), and Identity, Community,
Nation: Essays on Canadian Literature (2002), Reading Writers Reading: Canadian Authors’ Reflections (2006), a book of her
photographs portraying Canadian authors with short texts by the authors on any aspect of reading and which has won several
prizes.
La professeure Danielle Schaub a reçu son doctorat de l’Université Libre de Bruxelles, Belgique en 1994 pour ses recherches sur
les nouvelles de Mavis Gallant. Elle détient deux maîtrises de l’Université Libre de Bruxelles, Belgique, la première en philologie
et littérature anglaises et néerlandaises (1976) et l’autre en philologie et littérature espagnoles (1977). Elle étudie actuellement pour
obtenir une autre maîtrise, cette fois en bibliothérapie à l’Université de Haïfa en Israël. Depuis 1988, elle enseignait au
Département d’anglais d’Oranim, Academic College of Education (campus secondaire de l’Université de Haïfa jusqu’à 2000), où
elle enseigne, entre autres, la littérature canadienne, la création littéraire et la correspondance entre les films et la fiction. Outre ses
nombreux articles dans des revues et ses livres, ses publications comprennent Precarious Present/Promising Future? Ethnicity and
Identities in Canadian Literature (1996), Mavis Gallant (1998), Mapping Canadian Cultural Space: Essays on Canadian
Literature (2000), et Identity, Community, Nation: Essays on Canadian Literature (2002), Reading Writers Reading: Canadian
Authors’ Reflections (2006), un livre de ses photographies décrivant des auteurs canadiens au moyen de brefs textes par les auteurs
sur tout aspect de la lecture et qui a remporté plusieurs prix.
Abstract
Exposition/ ‘découverture’ du Canada: Foreign Disclosure of a Blind Spot
At some stage in my teaching, I became conscious of a blind spot of Canadian culture. My students frustrated by the tiny and often
posed and/or outdated photographs on book covers demanded photos of the writers discussed in class that would reveal the human
being behind the books they read. They urged me to take photos on my annual trips and make the most of a serious, though
private, hobby. When I first showed photographs of Canadian authors I had taken at the Eden Mills writers festival, the response of
Canadian academics and readers overwhelmed me. They wanted to see Canada’s literati exposed. Outside Canada the same
response awaited me. Exhibition after exhibition in Canada and abroad the public asked me to produce a book. Visual signs of
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literary culture was à découvert. However, Canada’s publishing market suffered weakness; in spite of wholehearted appreciation
of the material, no publisher — not even the biggest — could afford a book of photographs only. The urge to carry on with the
project led to a combination of the visual and the textual that redressed the situation doubly. For Reading Writers Reading:
Canadian Authors’ Reflections exposed Canadian writers in multiple ways while allowing their readers to uncover their own blind
spots. The lecture will explore the multiple revelations of such a project. The lecture will reveal the autobiographical nature and
psychological implications of creative work and interpretation, as well as the far-reaching impact of simulation, whether the sign
system involves literature and the written word, or photography and the remains of a fleeting moment of light, shadow, depth, and
human contact. This presentation will explain through the photographer/ reader self’s perception of Canadian authors how natural
photographs and largely autobiographical texts enable the viewer/reader to discover the writer-as-other while granting them
reflective self-discovery and self-inscription.
Sikora, Tomasz
Tomasz Sikora teaches at the English Department of the Pedagogical University of Cracow (Poland). He received his MA degree
from Adam Mickiewicz University (1996) and a PhD in English from the University of Silesia (2001). In 2003 he published
Virtually Wild: Wilderness, Technology and the Ecology of Mediation and over the past several years he has co-edited (with
Dominika Ferens and Tomasz Basiuk) three volumes of essays on queer studies; he is also a co-editor of the online journal of
queer studies InterAlia. His interests include American and Canadian Studies, gender and queer theory, eco-criticism and (more
recently) gothicism.
Tomasz Sikora enseigne au Département d’anglais de l’Université pédagogique de Cracovie (Pologne). Il a obtenu sa maîtrise à
l’Université Adam Mickiewicz en 1996 et un doctorat en anglais à l’Université de Silésie (2001). En 2003, il a publié Virtually
Wild: Wilderness, Technology and the Ecology of Mediation et, au cours des dernières années, il a corédigé (avec Dominika Ferens
et Tomasz Basiuk) trois volumes d’essais sur des études de gais; il a également codirigé la revue en ligne d’études de gais
InterAlia. Il s’intéresse aux études américaines et canadiennes, à la théorie du genre et des gais, à l’écocritique et (plus récemment)
au gothicisme.
Abstract
Between the scenic and the obscene: Gothic exposures in Canadian cinema
Canada’s official face is to a large extent predicated on the aesthetic of the “scenic”: one only needs to look at any promotional
documentary or photo album addressed to prospective visitors or immigrants. The other side of Canada, however, its "underbelly,"
is its fascination with the obscene and the "unpresentable," with the materiality of flesh and the boundlessness of sexuality. I look
at this fascination as part of the "Northern Gothic," claimed by some to be the defining mode of Canadian culture. Gothicism has
always been keen on exploring illicit carnal knowledge: it is no accident that at an early stage gothic literature was hardly
distinguished from pornography. In the Canadian context one finds ample gothic representations of corporeality, with David
Cronenberg and Guy Maddin as primary examples in film. The recurrent gesture in many of these works is that of displaying the
“inside” – the “meat,” as it were – to the curious eye of the audience, just as in the famous scene from The Fly where the telepod
turns the baboon’s flesh "inside out." This "aesthetic of the obscene" employed by many Canadian authors exposes "the frailty of
natural laws" (to use Barbara Gowdy’s formulation) as well as the concomitant frailty of "human laws," including the very
conditions of "humanity" itself.
Smith, Sarah E. K.
Sarah E. K. Smith is a Master of Arts candidate in Art History at Queen’s University in Kingston. Prior to entering this program
she received her Bachelor of Fine Art Honours with Distinction in 2006. Her research interests include contemporary art, Canadian
cultural institutions, national representation and issues of cultural negotiation under processes of globalization. She is currently
completing her thesis entitled Cultural Brokering: Art, National Identity, and the Influence of Free Trade, which examines
exhibitions of Mexican modern art in Canada to investigate the influence of free trade and increased North American integration
on the construction of national identity.
Sarah E. K. Smith est aspirante à la maîtrise ès arts en histoire de l’art à l’Université Queen’s de Kingston. Avant de s’inscrire à ce
programme, elle a reçu son baccalauréat avec spécialisation en beaux-arts avec distinction en 2006. Ses travaux de recherche
portent sur l’art contemporain, les institutions culturelles canadiennes, la représentation nationale et les questions de négociation
culturelle dans le cadre des processus de la mondialisation. Elle termine actuellement sa thèse intitulée Cultural Brokering: Art,
National Identity, and the Influence of Free Trade, qui porte sur les expositions d’art moderne mexicain au Canada pour examiner
l’influence du libre-échange et l’intégration nord-américaine accrue sur la construction de l’identité nationale.
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Abstract
Panoramas: Revealing the New North American Landscape under NAFTA
Recognizing the importance accorded to cartography highlights the imbalance of power awarded to nation-states in this
process. Geographic mappings of nation also transcend many areas, for instance the well-accepted ability of the state to employ art
in the service of national identity. Due to processes of globalization nation-states now need to re-conceptualize their borders. This
paper will focus on this process, examining issues of nationalism and globalization to investigate how works of art that were
previously identified with a specific nation are being repositioned as significant in terms of a broader, more global context. I make
my argument here by examining the recent online exhibition “Panoramas: The North American Landscape in Art,” currently
available through the Virtual Museum of Canada. A trilateral project between the countries in North America, the curatorial
premise of “Panoramas” is to draw parallels between various artists’ depictions of the North American landscape. Yet, the most
obvious, but unstated, connection between the countries involved in this exhibition is the North American Free Trade Agreement
(NAFTA), which has regulated the trade between Canada, Mexico and the United States since 1994. Using “Panoramas” as a case
study, I will investigate the link between this exhibition and NAFTA to expose the significance of this multi-government
sponsored show. I argue that the manner in which this exhibition portrays the Canadian landscape reflects the Canadian
government’s neoliberal stance on globalization. This paper will examine the ways in which this exhibition re-conceptualizes the
Canadian landscape in accordance with NAFTA. Previously the Canadian landscape had been understood as divided by nation
from north to south; through “Panoramas” the North American landscape is repositioned through east to west associations.
NAFTA’s erasure of borders by free trade is echoed by “Panoramas” depiction of the North American landscape as an entity
without borders. At best, “Panoramas” can be seen as a way of coping with the new world order. At worst, it can be understood as
propaganda for the masses, a way of disseminating an agenda of neoliberal globalization through high culture.
Smith, William
Will Smith, is a PhD Candidate in Canadian Studies, at the University of Nottingham, UK. His thesis is on Toronto based
narratives and explores cultural texts that represent the city. The current fulcrum of the thesis lies with the Toronto City Book
Awards and how institutional mediation of city narratives affects the revelatory value of supported texts. Additional works dealt
with are the photography of Geoffrey James, Michael Redhill’s Consolation and the poetry of Raymond Souster.
Will Smith, est aspirant au doctorat en études canadiennes à l’Université de Nottingham, R.-U. Sa thèse est fondée sur des récits
concernant Toronto et explore les textes culturels qui représentent la ville. Sa thèse s’articule autour des Toronto City Book
Awards et de la façon dont la médiation institutionnelle des récits sur la ville influe sur la valeur révélatrice des textes appuyés.
Les autres travaux concernent la photographie de Geoffrey James, Consolation de Michael Redhill, et la poésie de Raymond
Souster.
Abstract
The Literary and the Literal: Disclosing Toronto in David Bezmozgis’s Natasha and Other Stories and Dionne Brand’s What We
All Long For
According to Philip Marchand, Toronto remains “undeveloped property in the real estate of the mind”, despite the fact that 80% of
Canada’s population resides in cities. The persistence of the wilderness trope in the Canadian imaginary may account for the
relatively recent emergence of discourse on the Canadian Metropolis. This paper seeks to show the ways in which two
contemporary Canadian literary texts, set in Toronto, write the city space and represent place. The two texts, David Bezmozgis’s
Natasha and Other Stories and Dionne Brand’s What We All Long For are both winners of the Toronto City Book Awards. These
awards seek to “honour authors of books of literary or artistic merit that are evocative of Toronto”, and so are explicitly concerned
with a mediation of spatial aspects to narrative. Administered by Toronto City Council, and with past winners such as Margaret
Atwood and Michael Ondaatje, the awards also reflect an institutional selection of spatial city narratives. Theorists such as Yi-Fu
Tuan and Richard Lehan have noted how people bond with place and through literary representation create a symbiosis between
urban and literary text. How do Bezmozgis’s and Brand’s imagined geographies of Toronto interact with spatial concerns of the
city? Whilst both texts can be seen to expose Toronto, they are both vulnerable to being co-opted into an institutional framework,
thus threatening effacement of potentially radical literary geographies.
Socqué, Sébastien
Chercheur doctorant (Université de Paris IV Sorbonne) en philosophie et recherches menées en théorie et histoire politique
canadienne. Sujets principaux : l’écriture de l’histoire, le fédéralisme, les francophonies canadiennes et le Québec, la question de la
multinationalité.
Ph.D. candidate and researcher (Université de Paris IV Sorbonne) in philosophy and research conducted in Canadian political
theory and history. Main subjects: the writing of history, federalism, Canadian Francophonie and Quebec, the question of
multinationality.
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Résumé
Sur la multinationalité canadienne
La présentation porte sur la multinationalité canadienne de fait et les difficultés rencontrées par les tentatives d’institutionnaliser et
de faire reconnaître de manière claire et robuste cette réalité, et de faire évoluer le Canada en direction d’une mutinationalité
assumée sainement. La présentation s’appuie sur la littérature assez importante, au Canada, qui s’inscrit dans la perspective définie
par James Tully dans Strange Multiplicity ainsi que les débat qu’a suscité cet ouvrage important. On se penchera plus
spécifiquement sur les côtés obscurs de l’échec de la multination canadienne à s’officialiser, en tentant de mettre en évidence des
troubles de reconnaissance, ainsi que des exemples de stigmatisation collective qui compromettent l’établissement d’une véritable
conversation pan-canadienne fructueuse. On tente de distinguer les défis authentiques des réticences infondées, et on tente de
dessiner un horizon par lequel l’idée du Canada envisagé comme multination pourrait rassembler et contribuer à mettre un terme
au grand différend et au vaste conflit d’interprétation canadien.
Somacarrera, Pilar
Pilar Somacarrera is Associate Professor of English and Canadian literature at the Universidad Autónoma de Madrid. Her books
include the only monograph about Margaret Atwood which has been published in Spanish (Margaret Atwood: poder y feminismo,
2000), as well as an edition of Margaret Atwood’s poetry collection Power Politics (Juegos de poder, 2001) She has co-edited
Visions of Canada Approaching the Millennium (1999), has written several articles about Canadian women writers in international
journals, and is the author of the chapter “Power politics: power and identity” of The Cambridge Companion to Margaret Atwood
edited by Coral Ann Howells (2006).
Pilar Somacarrera est professeure agrégée de littérature anglaise et canadienne à l’Universidad Autónoma de Madrid. Ses livres
comprennent la seule monographie sur Margaret Atwood qui a été publiée en espagnol (Margaret Atwood: poder y feminismo,
2000), ainsi qu’une édition de la collection de poèmes de Margaret Atwood Power Politics (Juegos de poder, 2001) Elle a
corédigé Visions of Canada Approaching the Millennium (1999), a écrit plusieurs articles sur des écrivaines canadiennes dans des
revues internationales et est l’auteur du chapitre « Power politics: power and identity » dans The Cambridge Companion to
Margaret Atwood, sous la direction de Coral Ann Howells (2006).
Abstract
Exposed or Transposed? The Role of Translation in the Dissemination of English Canadian Literature in Spain
This paper will approach the dissemination of Canadian literature in English through translation in Spain, starting from the premise
that translation is an activity of vital importance in the context of the globalization of culture markets. Following the theoretical
framework of Lawrence Venuti in “The Translator’s Invisibility” (1986) and that of André Lefevere in his book Translation,
Rewriting and the Manipulation of Literary Fame (1992), I will study the reception of Canadian literature since 1985 until 2005,
and the factors that govern the acceptance and rejection of Canadian literary works in Spain. Translation is a decision process, not
only at the level of the translator, but also at the level of the institutions that further or hinder the reading, writing and rewriting of
literature, such as the publishers and the media (reviews, advertising of literary works etc.). Some of the decisions that are taken in
the translation process are that will be dealt with in this paper are: “who translates?”, “what is translated” and “how is it
translated?” Starting from the list of Canadian books published in Spain displayed at the web page of the Canadian Embassy in
Madrid: (http://www.international.gc.ca/canadaeuropa/spain/libros-es.asp), I will try to determine the tendencies in the publication
of English-Canadian books in Spain. For example, the are a number of authors who are widely translated, such as Margaret
Atwood, and a number of publishers which often publish Canadian authors, such as Ediciones B and Lumen. By interacting with
these publishers and some their translators, I intend to determine the role that this kind of market institutions have in the formation
of a Canadian literary canon for the general public in Spain.
Spooner, Kevin A.
Kevin Spooner is the Canadian Studies Stream Coordinator and Assistant Professor in the North American Studies Program at
Wilfrid Laurier University. An historian, his research interests include the history of Canadian foreign policy, and of peacekeeping
in particular. He is currently completing a manuscript that examines Canada’s role in the Congo crisis, from 1960 to 1964.
Kevin Spooner est coordonnateur des études canadiennes et professeur adjoint au Programme d’études nord-américaines à
l’Université Wilfrid-Laurier. À titre d’historien, ses recherches portent sur l’histoire de la politique étrangère canadienne et du
maintien de la paix en particulier. Il termine actuellement un manuscrit portant sur le rôle du Canada dans la crise au Congo de
1960 à 1964.
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Abstract
Peacekeeping Exposed: The Uses and Abuses of Canada’s Peacekeeping History
Peacekeeping is a significant component of the Canadian imaginary. Popular conceptions of its relationship to national identity are
inexplicably entrenched, suggesting a rationale for the deep consensus that developed, during the mid to late twentieth century, as
to the peacekeeping role Canada should play in the international community. In reality, Canada’s contribution to peacekeeping
began to wane soon after an ‘explosive’ period of rapid expansion in the number and scope of UN missions, beginning at the end
of the cold war. Analysts have long engaged in a critique of peacekeeping, but this discourse has interrogated the falsity of a
Canadian peacekeeping identity largely to justify alternative defence priorities. Canadian participation in the war on terror, and
more particularly in military operations in Afghanistan, is proffered as the most recent example of how those who favour Canada’s
continued involvement there find it necessary to challenge Canadians’ conceptions of a national peacekeeping identity. While
certainly exposing some of the myths behind Canada’s reputation as a peacekeeping nation, the paper will focus more on the
falsity of a critical discourse that juxtaposes peacekeeping against other military activities.
Sumner, Lisa
Lisa Sumner is a PhD Candidate (ABD) in the Department of Communication Studies and Art History at McGill. She is a Fellow
at the McGill Institute for the Study of Canada and is employed as a sessional lecturer at Carleton University. She holds degrees in
the disciplines of Anthropology, Sociology, and Communication Studies. She has worked on research projects examining the
Culture of Cities and the drinking culture of Post-Prohibition Montreal. She is currently writing her doctoral thesis examining
Seagram advertisements of the post-war period.
Lisa Sumner est aspirante au doctorat (ABD) au Département des études en communication et en histoire de l’art à l’Université
McGill. Elle est chargée de cours à l’Institut d’études canadiennes de McGill et est chargée de cours à temps partiel à l’Université
Carleton. Elle détient des diplômes dans les domaines de l’anthropologie, de la sociologie et des études en communication. Elle a
entrepris des projets de recherche sur la culture des villes et la consommation d’alcool après la prohibition à Montréal. Elle rédige
actuellement sa thèse de doctorat sur les annonces de Seagram pendant la période d’après-guerre.
Abstract
Promoting “Canada’s Finest”: Representations of Canada in Seagram’s Print Advertisements
The period following the end of WWI saw the intensifying of nationalist discourse in Canada. This paper explores how the
Seagram Company, headquartered in Montreal, participated in nation building through print advertisements of the Post-Prohibition
period through to the 1980 Quebec sovereignty referendum. Strategic representations and discursive practices active in Seagram
advertisements beginning in the 1930s contributed to the company’s national success within Canada. At the same time, the visual
imagery and rhetoric of the ads advanced the assertion of a strong national identity and Canadian cultural iconography, in both
domestic and foreign popular magazines. Seagram’s revalued the federalist narrative through connecting it in Seagram’s ads to the
fashionability the company was simultaneously creating around its products through the transforming image of Canadian whisky,
and modernizing of the country’s drinking practices. The vision of Canada put forth in Seagram’s ads both at home and abroad
visually and rhetorically diffused assimilation and political federalism, which acted in tension with movements towards selfdetermination, particularly in Quebec. American magazines popular with Canadian subscribers heightened the dissemination of
Seagram’s nationalist ads, and obliquely reaffirmed and participated in the articulation of a Canadian identity which obscured
difference and discord.
Taunton, Carla
Carla Taunton is a PhD Candidate at Queen’s University in the Department of Art. She is an alliance member of the Aboriginal
Curatorial Collective and a board member of Modern Fuel Artist Run Centre in Kingston, Ontario. She graduated in 2006 from
Carleton University with a Masters degree in Canadian Art History, with a focus in contemporary indigenous art. Her current
research interests are indigenous performance art, contemporary indigenous visual culture, interventions and activism in the arts,
as well as globalization theory.
Carla Taunton est aspirante au doctorat au Département des arts de l’Université Queen’s. Elle est membre du Collectif des
conservateurs autochtones et membre du conseil d’administration du Modern Fuel Artist Run Centre de Kingston (Ontario). En
2006, elle a obtenu une maîtrise à l’Université Carleton en histoire de l’art canadien, avec spécialisation en art autochtone
contemporain. Ses travaux de recherche actuels portent sur les arts d’interprétation autochtones, la culture visuelle autochtone
contemporaine, les interventions et l’activisme dans les arts ainsi que la théorie de la mondialisation.
Abstract
Staging(s) of Indigenous Self-Determination: Performative Interventions by Lori Blondeau, Rebecca Belmore and Pauline Johnson
30
The multifaceted artistic practice of Cree/Saulteaux performance artist Lori Blondeau and Anishnaabe performance and
installation artist Rebecca Belmore removes aesthetic expression from a static frame and brings it ‘alive,’ allowing for the
vocalization of Aboriginal experiences. In this paper I explore Blondeau’s and Belmore’s diverse multi-sensory performance
strategies, specifically the use of their bodies to articulate indigenous lived experiences and stories. I examine their use of
performance art and storytelling to reclaim and re-envision silenced histories and identities (in the colonial and post-colonial
contexts), before discussing the site of their performances as spaces for indigenous intervention. Finally, I analyze their artistic
practice in its contribution to the discourse of indigenous sovereignty and self-determination.
Blondeau’s and Belmore’s performance art will be linked to historic traditions of indigenous performance to elucidate a continuum
of Aboriginal Performative storytelling as a vehicle for socio-political and cultural resistance. To make this argument, late
nineteenth century and early twentieth century Mohawk performer Pauline Johnson will be introduced to situate Blondeau and
Belmore within this tradition of indigenous women performing Aboriginality as catalyst for intervention. In doing so, it recognizes
that, although these three women performers – Johnson, a poetess and storyteller and Blondeau and Belmore, performance artists –
come from diverse cultural traditions and from different periods in Canadian history, they are connected by their use of
Performative storytelling to vocalize Aboriginal lived experience thereby staging resistance.
Terry, Andrea
Andrea Terry completed her MA at Queen’s in 2005. She is currently a doctoral candidate in the Department of Art at Queen’s
University. Her research interests include museum representation, nineteenth-century visual and material culture, feminism and
contemporary art. Her dissertation examines the representation of Victorian historical culture in Canadian historic homes that are
both national heritage sites and living history museums.
Andrea Terry a terminé sa maîtrise à l’Université Queens en 2005. Elle est actuellement aspirante au doctorat au Département des
arts de l’Université Queen’s. Dans ses recherches, elle s’intéresse à la représentation muséale, à la culture visuelle et matérielle du
XIXe siècle, au féminisme et à l’art contemporain. Dans sa thèse, elle examine la représentation de la culture historique victorienne
dans les maisons historiques canadiennes qui sont des sites patrimoniaux nationaux et des musées d’histoire vivante.
Abstract
Canadian Holidays and Heritage: Depoliticizing the Past in Historic Homes
This paper connects the architectural structure with the institutional history of two living history museums: Dundurn Castle in
Hamilton and the William Lyon Mackenzie House in Toronto, ON. To make this connection, I examine the seemingly
characteristic “Victorian Christmas” program offered annually at these sites. These are examples of “living history” in which
period rooms are decorated to represent a historical seasonal celebration, where interpreters discuss traditions and activities
associated with the occasion, and visitors sing carols and eat festive treats. The historical narratives constructed in these homes –
based on notions of a distinctively British-Canadian identity – is worthy of investigation because they point to the cultural
significance placed on Confederation in the Canadian multicultural imagination. Each house represents the life and times of a
major political figure from the immediate pre-Confederation period in British North America, Sir Allan MacNab, Prime Minister
(1854-6) and Family Compact leader, and William Lyon Mackenzie, first mayor of Toronto and leader of the 1837 Rebellion in
Upper Canada. Building on historian Anthony D. Smith’s concept of the “territorialization of memory,” which suggests that
communal identification of land is achieved in practice by attaching ancestral memories to places and/or objects so that “sites of
memory” witness ethnic survival, I consider how historic homes in Canada, with their decorated period rooms and seasonal
programming, attempt to convey a specific version of the past, one that concretely asserts the supposed dominance of “founding
nations” mythologies. Drawing on the work of Smith and historian Pierre Nora, I will consider, in a Canadian context, how both
history and objects, be they architectural or artefactual, are used to naturalize representations of the past (Nora 1989). The
interrogative framework offered here approaches each site and its decorated period rooms, with their deliberate artefactual
arrangement and interpretive content, as significant cultural and historical performances. Furthermore, the fact that Victorian
Christmas programs are mounted in historic sites across Canada suggests the pervasive nature of the cultural hierarchies that will
be interrogated
Trabelsi, Hajer Ben Gouider
Ph.D student at the Department of English Studies at the University of Montreal, she is currently writing her thesis entitled
Globalization and Alternative Communities in British and North American Diasporic Fiction. She is interested in investigating the
potentials of the recent affective turn in the humanities in allowing us to articulate alternative (more democratic and empowering)
communities both at the national and global levels in a globalizing world. Her corpus is made up of novels produced by diasporic
writers (in Canada, the USA, and Britain).
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Étudiante aspirante au doctorat au Département des études anglaises de l’Université de Montréal. Elle rédige actuellement sa thèse
intitulée Globalization and Alternative Communities in British and North American Diasporic Fiction. Elle veut examiner les
possibilités du virage affectif récent dans les sciences humaines pour nous permettre de créer des collectivités de rechange (plus
démocratiques et habilitantes) à l’échelle nationale et mondiale dans le contexte de la mondialisation. Son corpus est constitué de
romans produits par des écrivains de la diaspora (au Canada, aux États-Unis et en Grande-Bretagne).
Abstract
Revealing the True Face of Canadian Multiculturalism: Reading Dionne Brand’s What We All Long For
Faced with what is known as the pluralist dilemma, the Quebec question, and the land claims of the First Nations, Canada opted
for corporate pluralism, aka multiculturalism. This policy claimed to recognize the cultural difference of others and help them
protect their heritage. More importantly, it brought with it the promise of pluralizing the traditions and discursive grounds that
would make speech acts felicitous in the political context, as Ian Angus would put it. However, when it comes to examining how
the multicultural policy was applied in Canada, we can only say that it leaves a lot to be desired. Samaro Kamboureli’s Scandalous
Bodies gives us an insight into the shortcomings of the policy and the way it can only reinforce the position of the Anglophone and
Francophone groups at the detriment of the very minority groups it professes to empower. Thus, multiculturalism is revealed to be
a politically correct way of keeping and reinforcing the status quo. A number of Canadian novelists like Himani Bannerji and
Dionne Brand skilfully unmasked this liberal pluralism masquerading as corporate pluralism in their fiction. In this paper, I argue
that such a book as Brand’s What We All Long For is particularly significant as it not only reveals the weaknesses of the
multicultural policy—as it presently applied in Canada—but also proposes a truly empowering alternative to it. In the first part of
my paper, I will show how Brand’s novel uncovers the failure of Canadian multiculturalism to live up to its empowering ideals.
Then, I will move on to examine the alternative she proposes to this policy.
Verduyn, Christl
Before joining the faculty at Mount Allison University where she is Professor in the Canadian Studies Program and the
Department of English, Christl Verduyn taught at Trent University (1980-2000) and at Wilfrid Laurier (2000-05). Her research
interests include Canadian and Québécois literatures, women’s writing and criticism, multiculturalism, minority writing, and
Canadian studies, and she has published several books and numerous articles in these areas. Her 1995 Lifelines: Marian Engel’s
Writing (McGill-Queen’s 1995) won the Gabrielle Roy Book Prize. In 2006 she received the Governor General’s International
Award for Canadian Studies and was elected to the Royal Society of Canada.
Avant de se joindre au corps professoral de l’Université Mount Allison, où elle est professeure au Programme d’études
canadiennes et au Département d’anglais, Christl Verduyn a enseigné à l’Université Trent (1980-2000) et à l’Université Wilfrid
Laurier (2000-2005). Ses travaux de recherche portent sur la littérature canadienne et québécoise, les écrits et les critiques des
femmes, le multiculturalisme, les écrits de la minorité et les études canadiennes; elle a publié plusieurs livres et de nombreux
articles dans ces domaines. Son ouvrage de 1995 Lifelines: Marian Engel’s Writing, McGill-Queen’s 1995, a remporté le Prix
Gabrielle-Roy. En 2006, elle a reçu le Prix international du Gouverneur général en études et a été élue à la Société royale du
Canada.
Abstract
The Canadian Years: Kryn Taconis’s Photojournalism 1959-1979
The general purpose of the paper proposed here is an exposé – comprising both text and visuals – of the Canadian work of
photojournalist Kryn Taconis (1918-1979). The specific purpose is to present two issues of importance to Canadians that Taconis
identified and documented in his photographs many years before they emerged to broad public attention: Canada’s northern and
native peoples, and the impact of industrialization and pollution on the Canadian environment. Kryn Taconis immigrated to
Canada from the Netherlands in 1959 as a well-established, successful photojournalist, internationally recognized and respected
for his award-winning photographs of some of the key events of Europe’s war-time and post-war history, such as the Hunger
Winter of 1944-45 in Amsterdam, the 1956 mining disaster at Marcinelle, Belgium, and the 1957 Algerian war, to name just three.
Taconis brought to Canada a fresh photographic view of its peoples and places. He is credited with introducing photojournalism
into Canadian magazines and newspapers. The Toronto Star Weekly’s ratings soared during the 1960s after Taconis began working
for it. He carried out over 230 stories for the magazine, in addition to free-lance work – his true photographic calling.
The independently-spirited Taconis travelled all around Canada, from Newfoundland to British Columbia and especially
throughout the North of which he was very fond. Overall, his Canadian experience produced some 135,000 pieces. Housed in
Canada’s national archives in Ottawa, this rich body of work warrants greater public awareness. Beyond the artistic value of the
work, it is significant for its documentation and exposition of important issues for Canadians, which Taconis clearly perceived
years before they gained broader public and political attention. This presentation will consider two of these issues. Taconis was an
early advocate for the environment and photographed the encroachment of industrialization and its consequences, such as pollution
in the Toronto area. He also paid special attention to the disadvantaged or marginalized of the country, and completed photo essays
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on the Inuit and other native peoples of Canada as well as on immigrant and other communities like the Hutterites. Children are an
important theme in Taconis’s work, and feature prominently in his photographs of the Inuit, the Hutterites, and other photo series
such as those he did on deaf and blind children. The presentation will include a selection of photos that might best convey within
twenty minutes Taconis’s prescient understanding of the need for Canadians to pay attention to the country’s native peoples and
environment.
Viola, Serena
Serena Viola, architect, researcher at the Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, is involved in active protection strategies for
built patrimonies, in order to invetigate and preserve anthropic environment’s identity. Her recent scientific interests deal with the
prevention of uncontrolled transformation processes, ascribing to built environment the role of a mediator tool between
multicultural presences, support for the creation of common references for a peaceful cohabitation.
Serena Viola, architecte, chercheure à l’Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, participe activement à l’élaboration de
stratégies de protection des patrimoines bâtis afin d’étudier et de préserver l’identité de l’environnement anthropique. Ses travaux
scientifiques récents portent sur la prévention des procédés de transformation non contrôlés, où elle estime que l’environnement
bâti joue le rôle d’outil de médiation entre les présences multiculturelles et le soutien de la création de points de référence
communs pour une cohabitation pacifique.
Abstract
Built Environment Renewal in Montreal: New Design Approaches to Revealing Social Integration, Cohesion and Multiculturalism
In western communities, urban space has always helped in revealing cultural identity, showing economic characters and
social structures through morphology, materials and architectural choices. Many researchers have investigated Montreal’s
constructive and urban culture, with special attention to built environment history and growth. Working on the mixing up of
French and natives attitudes to spaces design, the paper deals with Montreals’ outdoor public spaces, and with their attitute to
become a sort of disclosure instrument of urban life with the aim of satisfying material and immaterial needs, in a
multicultural perspective. After the renweal designs of the last ten years, Montreal’s squares can be assumed today, as a sort
of master example of what a vital city centre can become, in a competitiveness development perspective, showing the inner
essence and epitomizing the community’s heritage and identity. The research takes into account the urban renewal
experiences realized during the last ten years in Montreal, as revealing markers of a cultural growth that recognizes to
squares, inner attitudes to increase people’s sense of well-being, to attract tourists, to foster sociability. Referring to a
systemic approach, the paper aims to give back an integrated render of the role played by squares through environmental and
technological considerations. Squares located in the Vieux-Montréal, QIM and vieux-port districts, are investigated in terms
of accessibility, usability, safety, aspect, management. Environmental and technological performances are assumed as
indicators of the sustainable dymamics that nowadays, sign Montréal spaces, customs, culture, under the hypothesis that
architecture is one of the major catalyst in physical, social and economic changes.
Vizcaíno, Fernando
Professor, Instituto de Investigaciones Sociales, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México.
Fernando Vizcaino was born in Mexico City. He studied Sociology, History and a PhD in Political Science. Vizcaino´s first book
was Biografía Política de Octavio Paz, published in Spain, in 1993. Four years later he entered the Instituto de Investigaciones
Sociales, which is part of the Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. He has been teaching and researching on nationalism
and multiculturalism. His book El nacionalismo mexicano en los tiempos del multiculturalismo y la globalización was published in
2004. Last winter, interested on minorities and multiculturalism, Fernando Vizcaíno was visiting scholar at University of Toronto.
Fernando Vizcaino est né à Mexico. Il a étudié la sociologie et l’histoire et il possède un doctorat en sciences politiques. Le
premier livre de M. Vizcaino était Biografía Política de Octavio Paz, publié en Espagne en 1993. Quatre ans plus tard, il est entré
à l’Instituto de Investigaciones Sociales, qui fait partie de l’Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Il a enseigné le
nationalisme et le multiculturalisme et il a effectué des recherches dans ces domaines. Son livre El nacionalismo mexicano en los
tiempos del multiculturalismo y la globalización a été publié en 2004. L’hiver dernier, il s’est intéressé aux minorités et au
multiculturalisme. Fernando Vizcaíno était chercheur invité à l’Université de Toronto.
Voisin, Marcel
Professeur honoraire de l’Université Libre de Bruxelles. Membre de Centre d’études canadiennes de l’ULB. Créateur d’un
échange littéraire entre l’ULB et l’Université Laval. Collaborateur du DOLQ, de Québec français, etc. Auteur de plusieurs articles
sur les littératures québécoise, acadienne et franco-ontarienne. Co-éditeur avec Gilles Dorion de Littérature québécoise. Voix d’un
peuple, voies d’une autonomie, éditions de l’ULB, 1985, et a dirigé un numéro spécial de la revue Études littéraires de l’Université
Laval sur la pensée en Belgique francophone.
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Honorary professor at the Université Libre de Bruxelles. Member of the Centre for Canadian Studies at ULB. Creator of a literary
exchange between ULB and Université Laval. Collaborator on the Dictionnaire des œuvres Littéraires du Québec (DOLQ), on
Québec français, etc. Author of numerous articles on Québec, Acadian, and Franco-Ontarian literature. Co-editor with Gilles
Dorion of Littérature québécoise : Voix d’un peuple, voies d’une autonomie (ULB, 1985), Marcel Voisin also directed a special
issue of Études littéraires, Université Laval, on “thought” in Francophone Belgium.
Résumé
Échos littéraires francophones d’un socialisme avorté
Libérer la pensée, accéder à la modernité, fut un problème essentiel pour le Québec, l’Acadie et l’Ontario français. Leurs
littératures, surtout après 1960, témoignent d’une révolte intellectuelle. « Le scandale est nécessaire », proclamait Pierre
Baillargeon. Ainsi, une part importante de la poésie et de la chanson se fit rebelle mais de façon individualiste, sans atteindre à
l’idée de révolution. Le roman ne connut pas un Zola ni une véritable expression prolétarienne. L’essai, par exemple avec Pierre
Vadeboncoeur, fut effleuré par l’idéal socialiste qu’il voulait concilier avec un christianisme vrai, mais ne put se traduire dans les
faits. Pourtant, dès le début du XXe siècle, le socialisme avait parfois inspiré le syndicalisme et le mouvement coopératif, mais sans
atteindre une véritable expression politique structurée dont les velléités ont d’ailleurs été vite réprimées. Il semble que le poids du
cléricalisme traditionnel, d’un nationalisme obsédant, de la question linguistique lancinante, de l’idéologie de la survivance ainsi
que de la manie généalogique ait mobilisé trop d’énergie et d’attention, sans oublier l’influence constante du grand voisin, les
États-Unis. « L’insolence » n’a donc pas été jusqu’à exprimer largement la volonté d’un changement politique fondamental. Une
psychopathologie de l’échec a obéré la volonté d’émancipation.
Voiculescu, Liliana
Doctorante en littérature québécoise, Faculté des Lettres, Département de français, Université de Pitesti, Roumanie. Thèse en
cotutelle : La représentation des identités sociales dans le roman canadien contemporain – Directeurs : Président Guy Lavorel,
Professeur de Lettres Modernes, Université Jean Moulin Lyon 3, France – Professeur Ioan Dragan, Professeur de Sociologie,
Université de Bucarest, Roumanie, licence et maitrise : Université de Pitesti (Roumanie), Faculté des Lettres, spécialisation :
Langues Étrangères – Français/Anglais (1994 - 1998). Enseignante titulaire (depuis 1998) - Université de Pitesti, Faculté des
Lettres, Département de Français. Livres (parus aux Presses de l’Université de Pitesti) : Langue française – Traductions
grammaticales (2002); Comment s’exprimer en toute occasion : guide pour mieux comprendre les Français (2003) ; Lexique
thématique usuel roumain-français (2007) ; 30 articles portant sur les littératures française et canadienne publiés dans des revues
de spécialité et dans des actes des colloques.
Ph.D. candidate in Québécois Literature, Faculty of Letters, Département de français, University of Pitesti (Romania). Dual-degree
program (cotutelle): La représentation des identités sociales dans le roman canadien contemporain, thesis Directors: Guy Lavorel,
President of the Université Jean Moulin Lyon 3 (France) and Professor of “Lettres Modernes”, and Ioan Dragan, Professor of
Sociologie, University of Bucharest (Romania). Master’s: University of Pitesti, Faculty of Letters, specialization: Foreign
Languages–français/anglais (1994–1998). Full professor since 1998 at the University of Pitesti, Faculty of Letters, Département
de français. Books published (University of Pitesti Press): Langue française – Traductions grammaticales (2002); Comment
s’exprimer en toute occasion : guide pour mieux comprendre les Français (2003); Lexique thématique usuel roumain-français
(2007); 30 articles on French and Canadian literature published in journals and conference proceedings.
Résumé
Une société à redéfinir : l’exemple de « La traduction est une histoire d’amour » de Jacques Poulin
Notre étude se propose d’aborder le roman de l’écrivain québécois d’une perspective sociologique, en mettant l’accent sur la
représentation de la société québécoise postmoderne qui y apparaît. Nous essayerons de démontrer que, à travers son écriture
minimaliste, Jacques Poulin fait l’état des lieux d’un environnement social qui ne correspond plus aux besoins de ses individus et
qui doit être redéfini en reconsidérant certaines valeurs sociales
Wells, Robert Marshall
Robert Wells Ph.D., is Assistant Professor of Communication, Department of Communication & Theatre, Pacific Lutheran
University. His research interests focus on the communication climate that occurs when politics and public policies influence the
lives of ordinary individuals. Wells, who holds a Ph.D. in American Studies from the University of Maryland-College Park, has
worked in print and broadcast journalism, public relations and Communication consulting. Immediately prior to joining the faculty
at Pacific Lutheran, Wells was a staff writer and columnist for The Seattle Times. Wells is a frequent contributor to a variety of
newspapers and magazines and an occasional on-air reporter for KDRV-TV 12, an Emmy Award-winning ABC-network affiliate
in Southern Oregon.
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Robert Wells, Ph.D., est professeur adjoint de communication, Département de communication et de théâtre, Pacific Lutheran
University. Ses travaux de recherche portent sur le climat de communication qui s’installe lorsque la politique et les politiques
publiques influent sur la vie des citoyens ordinaires. M. Wells, qui détient un doctorat en études américaines de l’Université du
Maryland-College Park, a travaillé dans les domaines de la presse écrite et du journalisme parlé, des relations publiques et des
consultations en communication. Immédiatement avant de se joindre au corps professoral de la Pacific Lutheran University, M.
Wells a été rédacteur attitré et chroniqueur pour le The Seattle Times. Il contribue fréquemment à divers journaux et magazines et
agit à l’occasion comme journaliste pour KDRV-TV 12, station affiliée au Réseau ABC dans le sud de l’Oregon qui a remporté un
prix aux Emmy Awards.
Abstract
Exposed: America’s Gun Culture Infects Western Canada
With military conflicts raging in Iraq and Afghanistan, border security and concerns about international terrorist networks are topof-mind for residents of Canada and the United States, alike. However, the reality of such dangers may be secondary to domestic
terrorism that is steadily and insidiously creeping into Canada from the U.S. During a Summer 2006 fellowship to Western
Canada, I, along with a dozen or so other academics from U.S. colleges and universities in the Pacific Northwest, were informed
by top officials in the Vancouver, B.C. police department about the steady influx of firearms – and gun-related crime – to Western
Canada. This proposed paper, with a working title of: “Exposed: America’s Gun Culture Infects Western Canada,” would seek to
address the notion that while the two nations enjoy strong political, economic and cultural ties, one highly negative implication of
the relationship is Canada’s exposure to America’s love of guns. The study would be conducted using the methodologies of
investigative journalism, which would include in-depth interviews and computer assisted reporting, as well as deep ethnographies
of Vancouver, B.C. police, in addition to others in Western Canada and the U.S. knowledgeable about gun smuggling and gunrelated crimes on both sides of the border.
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