NetVault: Backup Advanced Virtual Tape Library

Transcription

NetVault®: Backup
Advanced Virtual Tape Library
(VTL)
version 8.x
Configuration
Implementation Guide
NVG-131-1.0-EN-01 10/28/09
Copyrights
NetVault: Backup Advanced Virtual Tape Library (VTL) Configuration Implementation Guide
Software Copyright © 2009 BakBone Software
Documentation Copyright © 2009 BakBone Software
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NetVault: Backup
Advanced VTL Configuration Implementation Guide
3
Chapter 1:
MULTI-VOLUME VTL
CONFIGURATION
1.1.0

Introduction

Windows VTL Default Directory Layout

Linux/UNIX Default Location Layout

Virtual Drives

Virtual Slots

Moving Media

Creating Multi-Volume VTL
Introduction
NetVault: Backup supports a wide range of backup devices. The Virtual Tape
Library (VTL) feature allows you to emulate tape libraries on disk systems, which
can be used for quicker disk-to-disk backups and restores. All VTLs generated
with the NetVault: Backup Console will be a single volume VTL; however, it is
possible to create multi-volume VTLs. Creating a multi-volume VTL can overcome
file system limits of certain operating systems. This guide explains how to
configure a multi-volume VTL. The same procedure is used for Windows, Linux,
and UNIX.
1.2.0
Windows VTL Default Directory Layout
The following list shows Windows default directories and files that comprise a VTL
stored in the user-defined c:\VTL directory:

C:\VTL\ – Root directory created on the file system for the VTL.

C:\VTL\drives – Directory under the VTL root directory where the virtual
drives are stored. A sub-directory for each virtual drive will be created in this
directory.

C:\VTL\slots – Directory under the VTL root directory where the virtual slots
are stored.

C:\VTL\media – Directory under the VTL root directory where the virtual
media is are stored.

C:\VTL\.serial – File containing the virtual media barcode and number of
virtual drives.
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Multi-Volume VTL Configuration
For example,
4O4HR-2
where 4O4HR is the barcode and 2 is the number of virtual drive

C:\VTL\drives\X\.serial – File existing in each virtual drive sub-directory
containing the barcode and the virtual drive number.
For example,
4O4HR-1
where 404HR is the barcode and 1 is the virtual drive number. Where as
404HR-2 would represent a barcode of 404HR while 2 would represent
the second virtual drive.
NetVault: Backup v8.2.2 and Later

C:\VTL\slots\1\.media – File existing in each virtual slot sub-directory
containing the barcode and the virtual media number.
For example,
..\..\4O4HR001
where 404HR is the barcode and 001 is the virtual media number.

C:\VTL\media\4O4HR001 – Actual virtual media.
NetVault: Backup v8.2.1 and Earlier

C:\VTL\slots\1\.media – File existing in each virtual slot sub-directory
For example,
C:\VTL\media\4O4HR001

1.3.0
C:\VTL\media\4O4HR001 – Actual virtual media.
Linux/UNIX Default Location Layout
The following list shows Linux/UNIX default directories and files that comprise a
VTL stored in the user-defined /VTL directory:

/VTL/ – Root directory created on the file system for the VTL.

/VTL/drives – Directory under the VTL root directory where the virtual drives
are stored. A sub-directory for each virtual drive will be created in this
directory.

/VTL/slots – Directory under the VTL root directory where the virtual slots are
stored.

/VTL/media – Directory under the VTL root directory where the virtual media
is are stored.
NetVault: Backup

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/VTL/.serial – File containing the virtual media barcode and number of virtual
drives.
For example,
4O4HR-2
where 4O4HR is the barcode and 2 is the number of virtual drive

/VTL/drives/1/.serial – File existing in each virtual drive sub-directory
containing the barcode and the virtual drive number.
For example,
4O4HR-1
404HR-2 would represent a barcode of 404HR while 2 would represent
the second virtual drive.
NetVault: Backup v8.2.2 and Later

/VTL/slots/1/.media – File existing in each virtual slot sub-directory
For example,
../../4O4HR001

/VTL/media/4O4HR001 – Actual virtual media.
NetVault: Backup v8.2.1 and Earlier

/VTL/slots/1/.media – File existing in each virtual slot sub-directory
For example,
C:/VTL/media/4O4HR001

1.4.0
C:/VTL/media/4O4HR001 – Actual virtual media.
Virtual Drives
Each virtual drive is represented on the file system as a directory. It is possible to
add or subtract the number of virtual drives by creating or deleting an
appropriately numbered directory. Each virtual drive directory contains a “.serial”
file. If you intend to create a new virtual drive, you must create a new “.serial” file.
Follow the convention used for content in the ".serial" files for all virtual drives.
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Chapter 1
For example,
4O4HR-1
404HR-2 would represent a barcode of 404HR while 2 would represent the
second virtual drive.
1.5.0
Virtual Slots
Each virtual slot is represented on the file system as a directory and it is possible
to add or subtract the number of virtual drives by creating or deleting an
appropriately numbered directory. Each virtual slot directory contains a “.media”
file. If you intend to create a new virtual slot, you must create a new “.media” file.
Follow the convention used for content in the “.media” files located in the other
virtual slots.
In VTLs created before NetVault: Backup v8.2.2, the virtual tape “.media” file
defined the entire path to each slot's specific virtual media location. This was
changed in NetVault: Backup v8.2.2 to use the format:
Windows
“..\..\<virtual_media_name>”
Linux/UNIX
“../../<virtual_media_name>”
This change was implemented to allow VTLs to be more portable, easier to modify,
and allow VTLs to reside on shared storage media that has different paths on
different systems.
The following table shows examples of the virtual media location for
NetVault: Backup versions prior to and after NetVault: Backup v8.2.2.
The virtual media location is comprised of barcode and virtual media number.
NetVault: Backup v8.2.2 supports both formats listed below.
NetVault: Backup
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Location of Virtual Tape Media
NetVault: Backup v8.2.2 and Later (Windows)
..\..\4O4HR001
..\..\4O4HR002
NetVault: Backup v8.2.1 and Earlier (Windows)
NetVault: Backup v8.2.2 and Later (Linux/UNIX)
/VTL/media/4O4HR001
/VTL/media/4O4HR002
NetVault: Backup v8.2.1 and Earlier (Linux/UNIX)
../../4O4HR001
../../4O4HR002
1.6.0
Moving Media
NetVault: Backup VTL virtual media is located in “C:\VTL\media\” or
“/VTL/media/”. In the “/media” directory, each virtual media is labeled with a
barcode and virtual media number. Because virtual media files can be several
terabytes (TB) in size, it can take a significant amount of time to move the actual
virtual media between the virtual slot and virtual drive. To avoid this challenge,
BakBone has created a “.media” file located in either the virtual slot or virtual
drive. The “.media” file is very small so it can be moved quickly between virtual
slots and drives. “.media” files represent the location of the actual virtual media to
NetVault: Backup. If you manually move a “.media” file from one virtual slot to
another or from a virtual drive to a virtual slot, the change is reflected in NetVault:
Backup Console.
Note: You can only have one “.media” file in a virtual slot or virtual drive at a time.
1.7.0
Creating Multi-Volume VTL
Because of file system limitations, it may be necessary to merge multiple VTLs
into a single VTL. This generally occurs when you want to run a VTL several TB in
size but a file system or partition cannot be created that large.
To create a multi-volume VTL on a Linux/UNIX file system perform the following
steps:
1. Create several smaller file systems or partitions that in total add up to the
desired size.
2. Create a VTL as large as possible on each file system.
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3. Decide which VTL you want to be the primary controlling virtual tape library.
4. In the controlling virtual tape library, create additional slot directories in
“/VTL/slots” that add up the total number of all virtual tape library slots
created. For example, if you created four VTLs in step 2 and each has 10
virtual drives, add 30 directories to “/VTL/slots” starting with 11 and
incrementing appropriately.
5. Expand “/VTL/slots/1/.media” on the primary controlling virtual tape library. It
will appear as follows: "../../4O4HR001" where 404HR is the Bar Code and
001 is the virtual media number.
6. In your first non-primary virtual tape library, edit the “.media” file in
“/VTL1/slots/1/” from "/../../650HG001" to "/VTL1/media/404HR011"
where 650HG represents the bar code for the non-primary virtual tape library
and 011 represents the next virtual media number in the primary virtual tape
library.
7. Rename the file in “/VTL1/media/650HG001” to “/VTL1/media/404HR011”.
8. Copy the modified “/VTL1/slots/1/.media” file to “/VTL/slots/11/”.
9. Repeat step 6 – 8 for all the remaining virtual slots in the non-primary virtual
tape libraries increasing the slot number and the virtual media number by 1.
10.Add modified VTL to NetVault: Backup.
To add an additional volume to an existing VTL on a Linux/UNIX file system,
perform the following steps:
1. In the NetVault: Backup Console, open the Device Management window
(click Device Management on the toolbar or Large Buttons panel, or on the
Administration menu, click Device Management).
Note: BakBone recommends that all virtual media be exactly the same size to
ensure success.
2. Select the existing VTL for which an additional volume will be added. Rightclick and select Open Door.
3. Create the second VTL. Refer to Creating and Adding VTL Library in the
NetVault: Backup Administrator's Guide for more information.
4. In the controlling virtual tape library, create additional slot directories in
“/VTL/slots” that add up the total number of all virtual tape library slots
created. For example, if you created four VTLs in step 2 and each has 10
virtual drives, add 30 directories to “/VTL/slots” starting with 11 and
incrementing appropriately.
5. Expand “/VTL/slots/1/.media” on the primary controlling virtual tape library. It
will appear as follows: "../../4O4HR001" where 404HR is the Bar Code and
001 is the virtual media number.
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6. In your first non-primary virtual tape library, edit the “.media” file in
“/VTL1/slots/1/” from "/../../650HG001" to "/VTL1/media/404HR011"
where 650HG represents the bar code for the non-primary virtual tape library
and 011 represents the next virtual media number in the primary virtual tape
library.
7. Rename the file in “/VTL1/media/650HG001” to “/VTL1/media/404HR011”.
8. Copy the modified “/VTL1/slots/1/.media” file to “/VTL/slots/11/”.
9. Repeat step 6 – 8 for all the remaining virtual slots in the non-primary virtual
tape libraries increasing the slot number and the virtual media number by 1.
10.In the Device Management window, select the original VTL. Right-click and
select Close Door.
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Chapter 1
NetVault: Backup
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Chapter 2:
VTL EXPANSION AND
SHRINKING
2.1.0

Shrinking and Expanding VTLs

Removing Virtual Media from a VTL

Adding Virtual Media to VTL

Creating NetVault: Backup VTL Linux Script
Shrinking and Expanding VTLs
NetVault: Backup VTLs often need to be shrunk or enlarged. The following section
describes the process for shrinking a VTL and the process for expanding a VTL
using nvmakemedia.
2.2.0
Removing Virtual Media from a VTL
2. Expand the VTL from which media will be removed from. It is assumed that
the VTL has been added to NVBU.
3. Identify the virtual tape you want to remove from the VTL.
Typically, this is the largest virtual media number.
4. Right–click the virtual tape you want to remove and select Blank.
This will delete all backup indexes on the media to be removed from the
NetVault: Backup Database. It is important to perform this step when
removing media. Otherwise, VTL licensed total capacity may be
miscalculated.
5. The virtual tape will be automatically loaded back into the drive. Select the
virtual drive, right-click and select Unload.
6. Identify the virtual slot in which the blanked virtual media was placed.
7. Stop NetVault: Backup Services on the NetVault: Backup Server or
SmartClient where the VTL is located.
8. Navigate to the directory “/VTL/slots/”.
9. Delete the “.media” file from the virtual slot directory identified in step 6.
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Chapter 2
VTL Expansion and Shrinking
10.If the virtual media that was deleted was not located in the largest numbered
virtual slot directory, move the “.media” file that was in the largest numbered
virtual slot directory to the virtual slot directory in step 6.
11. If the virtual media that was deleted was located in the largest numbered
virtual slot directory, delete the largest numbered virtual slot directory.
12.Change the directory to “/VTL/media”.
13.Delete the virtual media you defined in step 3.
14.Restart the NetVault: Backup Services on the NetVault: Backup Server or
2.3.0
Adding Virtual Media to VTL
Note: The following steps use a Linux/UNIX file system. The procedure is the
same for Windows but the NetVault: Backup Home directory is as follows:
“C:\Program Files\BakBone Software\NetVault” instead of “/usr/netvault”
2. Identify the virtual media names defined which include the barcode appended
with the virtual media number and displayed in parenthesizes.
3. Stop the NetVault: Backup Services on the NetVault: Backup Server or
4. In the /VTL/slots directory, create a sub-directory which is one number larger
than the existing largest numbered virtual slot directory.
5. Copy the “.media” file from one of the virtual slot directories to the virtual slot
directory created in step 4.
6. Modify the “.media” file in the newly created virtual slot directory from
"../../4O4HR00*” to “../../4O4HR00X" where X represents the new virtual
media number.
7. Change the directory to “/usr/netvault/util”.
8. Run "./nvmakemedia 50m mediafiles /VTL/media/4O4HR004" where
404HR004 represents the appropriate bar code and virtual media number.
Refer to the nvmakemedia section in the NetVault: Backup Command Line
Interface Users Guide for more information.
Note: BakBone recommends that all virtual media be exactly the same size to
ensure success.
NetVault: Backup
13
The following table shows the usage and file-size examples for virtual media files.
Usage and file-size Examples for Virtual Media Files
Usage:
nvmakemedia file-size poplib library
nvmakemedia file-size mediafiles [ file ]
Examples of file-size:
102400KB = 102400 kilobytes
50MG = 50 megabytes
4GB = 4 gigabytes
2TB = 2 terabytes
Minimum file-size = 50MB
9. Restart the NetVault: Backup Services.
2.4.0
Creating NetVault: Backup VTL Linux Script
The following script can be used to create a NVBU VTL and is also available on
BakBone's Knowledge Base at:
http://kb.bakbone.com/5231
#!/bin/bash
echo "Linux Bash VTL create script"
echo ""
echo "How many Virtual Drives? (Select 1, 2, 3, etc followed
by [ENTER])"
echo ""
read drives
echo ""
echo "How many Virtual Slots? (Select 20, 50, 80, etc
followed by [ENTER])"
echo ""
read slots
echo ""
echo "How big in gigabytes do you want each virtual tape to
be? (Select 20, 40, 100, etc followed by [ENTER])"
echo ""
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Chapter 2
read virt_tape
echo ""
echo "Where on the filesystem do you want your VTL located
and named? (Select /VTL followed by [ENTER])"
echo ""
read virt_lib_loc
echo ""
NV_HOME=`head -n -1 /etc/.nv6_home`
MATRIX="0123456789ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ"
LENGTH="5"
#can change 'LENGTH' for longer barcode
while [ "${n:=1}" -le "$LENGTH" ]
do
barcode="$barcode${MATRIX:$(($RANDOM%${#MATRIX})):1}"
let n+=1
done
mkdir $virt_lib_loc
echo $barcode-$drives >> $virt_lib_loc/.serial
mkdir $virt_lib_loc/drives
mkdir $virt_lib_loc/slots
mkdir $virt_lib_loc/media
virt_drive_dir=$drives
counter=$drives
until [
$counter -lt 1 ]; do
mkdir -p $virt_lib_loc/drives/$virt_drive_dir
echo $barcode-$virt_drive_dir >> $virt_lib_loc/drives/
$virt_drive_dir/.serial
let counter-=1
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let virt_drive_dir-=1
done
virt_slot_dir=$slots
counter=$slots
until [
mkdir -p $virt_lib_loc/slots/
$virt_slot_dir
echo $virt_lib_loc/media/
"$barcode"00"$virt_slot_dir" >> $virt_lib_loc/slots/
$virt_slot_dir/.media
let counter-=1
let virt_slot_dir-=1
done
virt_slot_dir=$slots
counter=$slots
until [
/$NV_HOME/util/nvmakemedia "$virt_tape"g mediafiles
$virt_lib_loc/media/"$barcode"00"$virt_slot_dir"
let counter-=1
let virt_slot_dir-=1
done
sed '/\[libraries\]/ a location='$virt_lib_loc'' $NV_HOME/
config/diskdevices.cfg > /tmp/diskdevices.cfg
mv /tmp/diskdevices.cfg $NV_HOME/config/diskdevices.cfg
diskdevices=$slots
counter=$slots
until [
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Chapter 2
sed '/\[drives\]/ a location='$virt_lib_loc'/drives/
'$diskdevices'' $NV_HOME/config/diskdevices.cfg > /tmp/
diskdevices.cfg
mv /tmp/diskdevices.cfg $NV_HOME/config/diskdevices.cfg
let counter-=1
let diskdevices-=1
done
NetVault: Backup
17