Talya usefru ilelli deg wurti asefran atrar amedya (Ben Muhemmed)

Transcription

TIGDUDA TAZZAYRIT TAMAGDAYT TAΓERFANT
AΓLIF N ULMUD UNNIG D UNADI USSNAN
TASDAWIT AKLI MUḤEND ULḤAĞ N TUBIRET
AGEZDU N TUTLAYT D YIDLES AMAZIΓ
AKATAY N TAGGARA N MASTER
Asentel:
S ɣur :
S lmendad:
ḤEDDAD Kahina
ZITUNI Sekkura
FURALI Yasmina
2012/2013
Aɣawas
Tazwart …………………………………………………………………………………………...8
Aḥeric amenzu
Tamedyazt taqbaylit tatrart
1- Anamek n tetrarit…………………………………………………………12
2 -Talallit n tmedyazt taqbaylit tatrart ……………………………14
3- Tulmisin n tmedyazt taqbaylit tartar…………………………..15
3-1- Agbur :
3 - 1-1 Isental …………………………………………………………….16
3- 1-2 Asemres n tgemmi …………………………………………..27
3- 1-3 Tagreɣlanit ……………………………………………………. 31
3- 1-4 Tirawit …………………………………………………………….34
3-2-Talɣa :
3- 2-1 Afyir …………………………………………………………….35
3-2-2 Tameɣrut………………………………………………………38
3-2-3 Taseddart….………………………………………………….40
3-2-4 Akat…… ………………………………………………………..42
Aḥeric wis sin
Asefu ilelli
1-Anamek n usefru ilelli …………………………………………………………………..45
2-Talallit n usefru ilelli deg tmedyazt taqbaylit ……………………………… 50
3-Tulmisin n talɣa n usefru ilelli deg tama ……………………………………… 51
3-1
Afyir………………………………………………………………………………..51
3-2 Tameɣrut ………………………………………………………………………..54
3-3 Taseddart ………………………………………………………………………...62
3-4 Akat ………………………………………………………………………………..64
4 - Tudert n Ben Muḥemmed ……………………………………………………………67
Aḥric wis kraḍ
Taṣleḍt n wammud n yisefra n Ben Muḥemmed :
1- Taṣleḍt n talɣa n yisefra n Ben Muḥemmed ………………………..73
1-1 Afyir ……………………………………………………………………... 73
1-2 Tameɣrut .……………………………………………........................77
1-3 Taseddart ……………………………………………………………….81
1-4 Akat ……………………………………………………………………….89
Tagrayt…………………………………………………………………………………………………..97
Ammud ………………………………………………………………………………………….….….101
Tiɣbula……………………………………………………………………………………………..……192
Amawal……………………………………………………………………………………….…..195
Tazwart
Tazwart :
Tasekla tamaziɣt d tamesbeɣrut s tewsatin-is ladɣa tamedyazt.
Tamedyazt taqbaylit tewwi-d amecwar d alqayan di tmetti taqbaylit telḥa-d armi
d tizi n wass-a, tɛedda-d si talit ɣer tayeḍ tegla-d s waṭas n tmusniwin yurzen yal
taɣult ama :d tussna,timsal n ddunit ama d amezruy n tmurt n tmazɣa(ladɣa
leqbayel) .
Tamedyazt taqbaylit sumata tedder am waken tɛedda-d ɣef snat n taliyin:
talit n tensayit d tallit n tetrarit.
Tamedyazt tamensayt yettwasnen di taliyin timensayin teqqen ɣer
timawit. aḥric seg tmedyaz-a ur yesɛi ara bab-is d ayla n tmetti irkeli; teqqen ɣer
wansayen d tegnatin n usnulfu ,am tmedyazt i d -ttawint tlawin deg lfuruh .tallit
–agi aṭas n yimedyazen i d-yufraren am Yusef Uqasi , Cix Muhend Ulḥusin Si
Muḥend Umḥend d wiyaḍ .
Tamedyazt ur teqqim ara kan deg tensayit imi tusa-d tsuta i tt-id –refden
seg wayen tella .Deg useggas n 1867 yebda nḍam n tmedyazt timawit yettbeddil
imi tekcem tmedyazt-a ɣer tira ɣef ufus n Hanoteau ; wagi ijemɛ-d ugar n 621 n
yisefa . seg useggas-agi armi zrin 20 n yiseggasen ɣef udlis- agi n Hanoteau yellad unadi wis sin ɣef tutlayt n tmaziɣt ,s yin d asawen tekcem tmedyazt taqbaylit
deg tatrarit .
Tamedyazt taqbaylit tatrart d tin yesnarnan tamdyazt tamensayt, tewwi-d
abrid amaynut ama deg wayen iccuden ɣer tulmisin n talɣa(lebni n usefru…) neɣ
ayen iccuden ɣer tulmisin n ugbur( isental,asemres n tgemmi ,tagreɣlanit…), ama
deg wayen yaɛnan alalen swayes sawaḍen isefra-nsen i umseflid (tisefifin,CD,…)
Si tama n talɣa ad d- naf aṭas i d -yellan d amaynut,di lebni n usefru atrar ,
(seg tama n tmeɣrut ,tiseddarin ,d yifyar d wakaten) .amaynut-a yeslal-d ayen i
wumi qqaren asefru ilelli.
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Tazwart
Amedyaz atrar isenfalay-d tiktiwin –ines s wudem ilelli, udem yeffɣen i
wayen yellan d amensay .Seg yimezwura i yegren asurif deg usefru ilelli ad naf
Ben Muḥemmed .Amedyaz-a d win yesɛan tuget n yiseraf d ilelliyen ,yeffɣen ɣef
leqwaleb imensayen icuden ɣer talɣa .
Deg tezrawt –agi- nneɣ nefren –d asentel :asefru ilelli deg urti asefran
atrar aqbayli ilmend n temsirin d tɣuriwin nexdem ɣef tmedyazt taqbaylit .nga
tamawt d akken yella –d ubiddel deg-s si tama n talɣa ayen i d- yesllalen asefru
ilelli .ssenf –agi n tezrawin ur yeṭṭuqet ara, d ayen aɣ-yeǧǧen ad d-nefren
asental- agi,iwakken ad d- nebgen amek I d-tella tlalit d tulmisin n talɣa iɣef
yettwabna usefru ilelli d wacu i t- yeǧǧan ad yilli d ilelli ?
Iswi -nneɣ ad nesaweḍ ad d-nemmel acu akk n yilelli i d –ikecmen
tamedyazt taqbaylit ,imi yufrar-d deg unnar aseklan ayen i wumi qqaren asefru
ilelli . ihi d acu akk n ubiddel i d –yerzan ɣer wunar-a udyiz ,ladɣa ayen yeɛnan
talɣa?
Akken ad nessaweḍ ɣer yiswi-neɣ ,nefren-d amedya n umedyaz yellan d
alqayan ,wagi d Ben Muḥemmed .Afran-a yella-d s tmentilin –agi: imi d
amezwaru i d-yeskecmen amaynut di talɣa n usefru ,yerna aṭas n ubiddel i d –
yewwi .
Am wakken neɛdel –d aggazen i ɣef tebna tamukerrist : d isastanen
igejdanen i ɣef ad –nerr fell-asen deg unadi-a –neɣ : D acu i d asefru ilelli ? melmi
i d –ilul deg tsekla taqbaylit ? d acu–tent tulmisin timuta n usefru ilelli?
Turda-nneɣ d akken asefru ilelli yettili di lelli mi ara ad yesɛu ifyar-is d
tmaɣrut-is d wakat-is di lelliyi ur ,amedyaz ur yeṭṭafar ara nḍamat n usefru
amensay d wutrar deg isefra-insen.
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Tazwart
Akken ad nessaweḍ ɣer yiswi –neɣ nebḍa anadi ɣef tlata yeḥricen
Aḥric amezwaru ad d -yawwi ɣef unamek n tetrarit ,d tulmisin n tmedyazt
taqbaylit tatrart, ama seg tama n ugbur ,ama deg talɣa yaɛnan lebni usefru atrar
(seg tama n tayunin iɣef yettwabena usefru,afyir,tameɣrut ,taseddart ,d wakat).
Aḥric wis sin ad d- yawwi
ɣef unamek
n usefru ilelli deg tsekliwin
tigraɣlanin ama deg tsekla taɛrabt neɣ tin n tefaransist ,s yin akin ad nawwi awal
ɣef unamek n usefru ilelli deg tsekla taqbaylit
,d tulmisin yerzan talɣa-is
(abeddel deg lbeni n ufyir ,d tlelli seg tama n tmeɣrut d tesddarin d wakaten ).
Ma yella deg aḥric wis tlata ad d- nawwi ɣef tudert n Ben Muḥemmed d
wayen yexdem deg wunar n tsekla taqbaylit. imi amur wis sin d taṣleḍt n isefra ines ,deg wayen yaɛnan amek yebna talɣa n yisefra-ines akken ad aɣ-d –iban
umaynut i d –yewwi deg yifardisen yerzan talɣa :lebni n tseddart,tameɣrut ,akat
d wayen akk icudden ɣer lebni n usefru sumata.
10
Tazwart
Aḥric amenzu
Tamedyazt taqbaylit tatrart
11
Aḥric amenzu
Tamdeyazt taqbaylit tatrart
Tamedyazt taqbaylit tartar
Tasekla d anar wisseɛn yeččuren d timusniwin d telqayt n yinumak
yemxalafen . yal tamenaḍt n ddunit tesɛa ammud-ines n tsekla s lesnaf-is
yettwasnen. tamedyazt d tserit .
1-Anamek n tetrarit
Tasekla taqbayli ula d nettat tegber ammud aseklan d alqayan.ammuda d win yebnan ɣef snat-a
n tewsatin timuta d tigejdanin: tsarit d
tmedyazt.tamedyazt d tin yellan d lemri n wayen akk yettidir umdan aqbayli d
wayen yettḥulfu,telḥa-d seg talit ɣer tayeḍ seg tsuta ɣer tayeḍ , armi i d -tewweḍ
ɣer tizi n wass-a .Tamedyazt-a tɛedda-d ɣef waṭas n taliyin ,yal talit s wacu tufrar,
lan-d aṭas n yinagmayen i ixedmen tizrawin ɣef umecwar i d –telḥa tamedyazt
taqbaylit si talit tamensayt yettuɣalen armi d lqarn sbeɛṭac(17),armi d talit n
wass-a anda tedla s lebsa niḍen d tamaynut i wumi qaren tatrarit.
Asnulfu amaynut i d- yernan ɣer tsekla tatrart d tin yeǧǧan anamek n
tetrarit ad yemxlaf ɣef yinumak n tsekla tamensayt . ɣef aya ilaq ad nwali d acu i
tatrarit ?
Tatrarit d awal yesɛan aṭas n yinumak ,d lemɛani yemxalafen .tatrarit
anamek –is dayen yarzan amaynut i d –yernan ɣef wayen yellan d amensay akken
ad nessaweḍ ad d-nefk inumak yerzan tatrarit ad nettuɣal yal tikelt ad terr tmara
ɣer tensayit ,akken ad nexdem takanit gar-asen, aken ad d-iban ubidel s wudem
ubriz.imi tatrarit dayen akk i d –yenulfan, ixulfen ayen yellan deg tensayit .
Tatrarit d udem n wesnulfu i d-yiwin amaynut deg tikta akk d tira ixulfen tasekla
tamensayt,akken yenna DEMOUGIN (J) : « tatrarit d awal yebɣan ad d-yinin
tulmisin timuta i d- teslal talit yesɛan assaɣ ijahden s annar n usnulfu amaynut i
d -yewwin awalen imaynuten i tmiranit , s waya i d -tettas tatrarit mgal udem n
12
Aḥric amenzu
tensayit », ikemmel yenna-d « tatrarit d tarayt n tira, d aɣerbaz n tikta ,d udem n
usnulfu amaynut deg waṭas n leṣnaf i ɣef treṣṣa yal tasekla »1.
Amaynut id-tewwi tetrarit ur yili ara deg tensayit ,tettawi-d asnulfu deg ugbur d
talɣa ,akken yenna Ǧebur Ɛebdnur
:«tatrarit deg wennar n tsekla d awal i d-
yewwin ayen ur d yellin ara uqbel, yettili seg wayen yellan di tmedyazt
tamaynut ama deg uɣanib ama deg ugbur neɣ i sin ».2
Ma nuɣal-d ɣer tezrawin i d- yewwin ɣef unamek n tsekla taqbaylit tatrart
ad naf
Mulud Mɛamri yefka-d anamek niḍen ɣef wawal n tatrarit yenna-d
« awal atrar d abeddel n ccetla i d- yellan deg tikli n tmedyazt taqbaylit seg talit
ɣer tayeḍ,ɣas akken ur teban ara tilas n wakud i d -telḥa tmedyazt taqbaylit
tatrart swa swa »3 .Tamedyazt taqbaylit d tin i d- yewwin udem –agi atrar ,imi
tamedyazt n tallit –a d tin yesɛan anamek n uflali .Deg tsekla taqbaylit anda i d sebgan amek i d-telḥa seg tallit ɣer tayeḍ d wamek tennarna ,ɣef ufus n
yimedyazen yesɛan tikta n tsekliwin tigreɣlaniyin .
Tettban-d tetrarit deg usnulfu i d- yernan ɣer tsekla taqbaylit ,i d yesnulfan isental d tikta i d –yettilin deg yiḍriṣen ixulfen tikta timensayin ,tid ur
netwasen ara deg tsekla n zik,akken i d -Yenna M .Akli Salḥi « tatrarit d ayen i d
-yeskanen udem amaynut di tsekla ama deg yisental ,ama di talɣa ,ama di twuri
n yiḍriṣen . Aferdis atrar d aferdis ur nennum ara medden di tsekla –nsen » .4
Muḥemmed Ǧellawi ula d netta yenna « ma nuɣal ɣer tmetti n yimedyazen
sumata ad naf awal atrar d abeddel i d yellan si timawit ɣer tirawit ;d ttiǧin n
wansayen s usnulfu amaynut di tira d uṣṣegem ɣef akken i d tella talit tamirant
seg wayen yellan deg yidles neɣ di tsertit ula di tmetti »5 .
1
J , Demougin , Dictionnaire historique ,thématique et technique des littératures française et étrangéres ancienne et
moderne ,liberairie,la rousse ,Paris 1989,p 1066.
. 73‫ ص‬،1979،‫ دار اﻟﻌﻠم ﻟﻠﻣﻼﯾﯾن ﺑﯾروت‬، ‫اﻟﻣﻌﺟم اﻻ دﺑﻲ‬، ‫ﺟﺑور ﻋﺑد اﻟﻧور‬-2
3
M, Mammeri ,Culture savants , culture vécue (étude 1938-1989),Ed Tala ,Alger 1991,p33.
4
M .A, Salḥi, Asegzawal ameẓẓyan n tsekla ,Ed L’odyssée,2012,sb,65.
. 34 ‫ ص‬،2010 ، ‫ﺗﯾزي وزو‬،‫ﻣطﺑﻌﺔ اﻟزﯾﺗوﻧﺔ‬،‫اﻟﺷﻌر اﻟﺣدﯾث‬،‫اﻟﺟزء اﻟﺛﺎﻧﻲ‬، (‫ﺗطور اﻟﺷﻌر اﻟﻘﺑﺎﺋﻠﻲ) ﺑﯾن اﻟﺗﻘﻠﯾد و اﻟﺣداﺛﺔ‬،‫ﻣﺣﻣد ﺟﻼوي‬-
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5
Aḥric amenzu
Tatrarit d tin i yefkan udem amaynut i tmedyazt taqbaylit deg tallit-agi
tatrart ,tamedyazt d tin i d- yewwin abrid n usnulfu amaynut ,ixulfen neɣ
yesnarnan tamedyazt tamensayt ,anda i tefka i tmetti taqbaylit udem n tudert
tamaynut .£ef- aya Ǧellawi yenna : « seg taggara n lqarn wis seɛṭac (19) timetti
taqbaylit temmuger-d anarni n Wudmawen n tmetti deg tudert –is d yidles –is
akk d tsertit, yewweḍ ula ɣer wesnulfu n tmedyazt ,anda tuɣal tmedyazt d
tamaynut teffeɣ i wayen yennum wemdan aqbayli ,truḥ seg wayen snen ɣer
wayen ur sinen ,ula d amedyaz ibeddel ula d netta yewwi-d tikta timaynutin seg
wayen i d -yettmudu d asefru d tẓuri n tmedyazt, ama seg tama n tikta ama seg
wawlen yessemras »1.
Tallit n tetrarit tbeddel-as i tmetti tikta d tudert-is ,abeddel yelḥaq ula
d tasekla imi yella-d umaynut deg-s nulfant-d tewsatin timaynutin am
ungal,akken daɣen i d –yella umanut deg ugbur d talɣa n tmedyazt .
2-Talallit n tmedyazt taqbaylit tatrart :
Deg tagara n lqarn wis seɛṭac( 19) d tazwara n lqern wis ɛecrin (20) i
beddel wudem n tmetti i yeǧǧan tamedyazt ad tbeddel ad teffeɣ seg tensayit ɣer
tatrarit . yegla-d wakud-a s waṭas n wuguren , labeɛda amnekcum arumi i dyezgan zdat n ṭnaslit d tutlayt tamaziɣt, yebɣa ad tt-yemḥu seg wakal n lejdud,
annect-a yezrir ɣef tudert d tuddsa n tmetti taqbaylit, anda tekcem deg tuddsa
niḍen(tuddsa tadeblant) .
Abiddel-a yudef-d ɣer tsekla ladɣa tamedyazt taqbaylit deg wakud n
lqarn wis (20) yewwi-d ataṣ n yiswan , bɣan yis-s ad d-begnen izarfan –nsen ,d
tnaṣlit –nsen labaɛda abeggen n lbaṭel i d –glan s yineḍruyen –nni yeḍran di
tmurt, ama gar umnekcum arumi ,ama d ayen yeḍran gar umdan aqbayli d udabu
azzayri .
( ‫) ﺗرﺟم ﻣن اﻟﻠﻐﺔ اﻟﻌرﺑﯾﺔ إﻟﻰ اﻟﻠﻐﺔ اﻻﻣﺎزﯾﻐﯾﺔ ﻣن طرﻓﻧﺎ‬. 32 ‫ص‬،‫ﻧﻔس اﻟﻣرﺟﻊ اﻟﺳﺎﺑق‬، ‫ﻣﺣﻣد ﺟﻼوي‬
14
1
Aḥric amenzu
Farzen-d yinagmayen izzayriyen ladɣa Mulud Meɛmmri ,Yusef Nasib d
Salem Cakir talliyin n unarni n tmedyazt taqbaylit ,yal yiwen ɣef acḥal i tt –
yebḍa, yal yiwen i ɣer yettara talalit n tmedyazt tatrart .
Di tazwara ad naf Mulud Meɛmri yebḍa-tt ɣef tlata talliyin , ɣer ɣur-s
talalit n tetrarit tebda-d di 1945 d asawen i wumi isemma tallit n urumi ,ladɣa
deffir n timunent tamedyazt tebda tettefeɣ seg timawit tekcem ɣer tirawit d ayen
i tt- yesnarnan deg tama n ugbur d talɣa , azal n umedyaz ibedel yuɣal yettawi-d
ɣef iḥulfan-is ,yettawi-d ɣef wayen yebɣa melba ma yeqqen ɣer nḍam n lɛarc d
teqbilt .
Ma d Yusef Nasib yebḍa-tt ɣef rebɛa taliyin, ɣer ɣur-s tatrarit tebda-d
deg tallit tis tlata 1945 -1962 d asawen i wumi isemma talit tawaṭanit ; nulfan-d
yisental d imaynuten am usentel n tmagit tamziɣt.
Ma yella d Salem Cakir yebḍa-tt ɣef setta taliyin ,ɣer-s tatrarit tebda-d
deg talit tis rebɛa 1945-1954 d asawen I wumi isemma tallit n twaṭanit; sya i t –
tekcem tmetti taqbaylit deg nḍamat timaynutin i d-yefreḍ fell-as umnekcum
arumi. nulfan-d yisental d imaynuten ur lin ara deg tensayit ,gar –asen asentel n
tawaṭanit d tegrawla .
Inagmayen –agi mxalafen deg beṭṭu n talliyin, maɛna msefhamen d
akken tatrarit tebda-d deg useggas n 1945 d asawen .
3-Tulmisin n tmedyazt tatrart :
Tatrarit tegla-d s umaynut di yal taɣult yeɛnan timetti, amaynut-a
yewwi-d ɣef tmedyazt ad tbeddel udem s waṭas n tulmisin i d- ibegnen belli
tamedyazt taqbaylit tewwi-d amecwar n ubiddel d alqayan ɣef tmedyazt
tamensayt, iwakken add-nefḥem tatrirt ilaq ad nuɣal ɣer tulmisin n temadyazt,
amek i llant d wamek i d- narnnat ,acku tulmisin-a arnan-t talqayt d lemɛani i
15
Aḥric amenzu
tmedyazt taqbaylit tatrart .Ayen ara t- yeǧgen ad temgired ɣef tensayit, tulmisin
–agi n tetrarit llant –d ama deg ugbur ama deg talɣa .
3- 1-Agbur :
Tamedyazt tartar tenarna deg tama n ugbur.yeɛnan kan isental i dyewwi aṭas n yisental imaynuten. Imi yal amedyaz ɣef acu usentel i d-yewwi wa
ɣef (lɣarba, tayri, tagrawla…) , akken daɣen cuden tiktiwin –nsen ɣer usnulfu
amaynut (tazamulit ,asemres ntgemmi….).
3-1-1- Isental :
Tamedyazt tatrart tuɣ abrid n wesnulfu deg wayen yerzan isental ,aṭas
n umaynut i d- tewwi .Isental-a d wid yefkan udem amaynut i tmetti ,iwin-d ɣef
ubeddel n tudert n yimdanen di tmetti am izarfan n wemdan (tilelli n tmeṭṭut),
lɣerba ,tagrewla …… .
3-1-1-1- Asentel n tegrawla n 1945.
Tamedyazt n tallit taqburt amedyaz yettawi-d isefra ɣef umenuɣ d
yinuḍruyen i d -yettilin gar teqbilin, ma yella nuɣal-d ɣer tmedyazt tartar,
Amedyaz yettawi-d awal ɣef tagrawla, labaɛda tagrawla n 1954, i d-yeḍran di
tmurt n lzzayer. Tamedyazt n tegrawla teṭṭuqet deg tsekla taqbaylit, acku aṭas n
yimedyazen yessefran ɣef tallit n tegrawla n 1954 i d yewwin timunent.
Tamedyazt n tegrawla ur teqqim ara kan ɣef umennuɣ d uwellah ɣer-s
tettawi-d ulla ɣef lfarḥ -nni n timunnent i d- tewwi tegrawla, lfarḥ n tuɣalin n
tmurt i yimawlan-is .Akken yenna Sliman Ɛazem deg usefru i wumi isemma
« Iḍaher-d waggur » :
I ḍaher-d waggur
Yettbeɛ-it –id yitri
16
Aḥric amenzu
Ifeǧǧeǧ yettnur
Yefka-d tiziri
Yeḍwa timura d lebḥur
Idurar akked ṣḥari.1
Tamedyazt n tegrawla tewwi-d daɣen ɣef yimeɣrasen d wayen xedmen
ɣef dra n tmurt, d wakal n lejdud d yineḍruyen n tegrawla.
Akken yenna Ben Muḥemmed deg usefru « Cfu ay-ixef –iw » yebeggen-d deg-s
ineḍruyen n tegrawla i d- yeglan s timunent ,yewwi-d ɣef lmut n yimeɣrasen i dyeǧǧan lwaḥc :
Cfu a yixef –iw
Anida maren yidamen-iw
A yadrar bedd ad nwali
Baba ɛzizen anda yeɣli
Gar wass-agi d yiḍḍeli
A yadu ṣfed afraḍen
£ef tedyant n icerriḍen
yuran ula ɣef yiblaḍen
Ay aggur arẓ-aɣ ṭṭlam
£ef wegraw n la ṣumam
Wid –ak yessen anda tella-am 2
1
2
Y, Nacib, Sliman Azem le poéte, Ed Zyriab, 2009, p 475.
Ben Muḥemmed, Asefru « Cfu ay-ixef –iw » , deg wammud ,sb 135 .
17
Aḥric amenzu
3-1-1- 2 Asentel n lɣerba :
lɣerba d tinigt ɣer tmura n lberrani ,ttaǧan imawlan d yexxamen –nsen,
ǧǧan wid ɛzizen fell-asn ɣef ssebat yemxalafen ; yal yiwen d acu i d-aɣbel it
isufɣen si tmurt-is ɣer tmura n lberrani .
Awal n lɣerbɣa d awal i d- yusan seg taɛrabt yekcem ɣer tutlayt n
teqbaylit, Mulud Mɛemri yenna-d lɣerba « d awal i d -yekkan si tutlayt n taɛrabt
« ‫» اﻟﻐرﺑﺔ‬,lmaɛna-is ad tefɣeḍ si tmurt –ik ɣer tmura –niḍen. »1
Asentel n lɣerba iban-d
s tuget deg useggas n 1945 d asawen .Imi
umnukcum arumi yesreẓgen tuddert i wemdan ,labaɛda deg yidurar yerwan lḥif
d laẓ . Liḥala n tudert tarzagant i d -yessegra urumi yesrewlen amdan aqbayli ,tḥtem-d fell-as akken ad yeǧǧ tamurt –is, ad iruḥ ɣer tmurt n lberrani iwaken ad
inadi ɣef weɣrum .
Tinigt tuɣ adeg wessiɛen di temnaḍt n leqbayel ,aṭas i yunagen. Yucef
Nacib iga-d tamawt ɣef wanect-a deg wawal-is « tamurt n leqbayel seg useggas n
1945 d asawen tella-d deg-s tinigt s waṭas , imi imdanen iɛacen lḥif ttnadin ɣef
lerẓaq di tmura tibaraniyin .Tinigt ɣer tmurt n Fransa tella-d s waṭas almi ixlant
tudrin ,ur d yiqqim deg-sent siwa tilawin d yimɣaren ur nezmir i uxeddim ».2
Ad d- naf aṭas n yimedyazen i d-yewwin ɣef xelluy n tudrin seg yargazen,
win-d diɣen ɣef yihulfan n ucedhi n tmurt n lejdud, timital n Ccix Lḥesnawi,
Sliman Ɛazem ,Akli yaḥyaten d wiyaḍ . Ccix Lhesnawi yenna deg usefru « la
maison blanche » :
Tuddar qlent d tilmawin
Ɛemrent ḥaca tulaw
1
M, Mammeri ,op-cit,p191
2
Y, Nacib , Anthologie de la poésie kabyle ,Ed Andalouse , Alger 1993, ,p67.
18
Aḥric amenzu
Win yesɛan ul –is d aḥnin
Llhem d ulac 1
Amedyaz yettawi-d deg usefru –agi ɣef tudrin yexlan seg yirgazen
yunagen yeǧǧan ḥala tulawin d yimɣaren .Asental n lɣerba yettili-d s waṭas ɣer
yimedyazen yunagen neɣ yetɣarben ɣer tmura n lberrani ,abeɛda wid yefɣen
tamurt mebla lebɣi –nsen ;wid yenfa udabu am umedyaz Sliman Ɛazem yesefran
aṭas n yisefra ɣef lɣerba ,yeqqar-d ayen yettḥulfu s yisefra –ines gar –asen :asefru
i wumi isemma « A rrebi lmaɛbud » .
A rebbi lmaɛbud
A win yezran tamurt n lejdud
Win i d- yekren yetɣereb
Icereq i ɣereb
Iruḥ yeǧǧa tamurt –is 2
Rrnu ɣer yimedyazen –a (Sliman Ɛazem ,Ccix lḥesnawi ), acennay Akli
Yaḥyaten yecnan ɣef tmedyazt n lɣerba deg waṭas n tezlatin ,am « tamurt,m
laɛyun tawes,yeǧǧa yemma-s,),yettawi-d deg tezlit tamurt ɣef cbaḥa n tmurt
yettunaḥsaben d ddwa i umuḍin yefka-as lewṣayef n tudert n lǧennet ,anda i dyessebgan iḥulfan n ucedhi .Ma d tis snat (m laɛyun ṭawess) yettbigin-d deg-s
lihala n tmeṭṭtut yettraǧun argaz-is yunagen ur tuyis ar d- yuɣal,d iminig
yettargun tamurt d wid iḥemmel .
Tusa-d deffir n timunent tsuta –niden n yimedyazen yettarun neɣ
icenayen icenun ɣef lɣerba. Di talit –a n timunent adabu yeɛreḍ ad yemḥu
tanaṣlit taqbaylit d tutlayt tamaziɣt ,ayen yeǧǧan amdan aqbayli ad iḥulfu i
. 336‫ص‬، ‫ﻧﻔس اﻟﻣرﺟﻊ اﻟﺳﺎ ﺑق‬،‫ﻣﺣﻣد ﺟﻼوي‬-1
2
Tizlit n Sliman Ɛazem « A rrebi lmaɛbud ».
19
Aḥric amenzu
yiman-is d aɣrib di tmurt –is ,ttewaksen-as yizarfan –is yegla-d wanect-a s
trewla ɣer tmura n lberrani ,anda iminigen ttewalin tamurt d ṭṭlam d lmut.ma
yalla d tamurt tabaranit d tuksa n ṭṭlam ɣef umdan aqbayli ,din ara yaf tilelli .
Imedyazen n tsuta –agi d wid i ttnaɣen ɣef tamagit d tutlayt taqbaylit,
fɣen ɣer tmurt n lberrani akken ad sefrun ɣef ayen bɣan ad d-inin mebla lxuf seg
udabu,iwaken ad begnen tebrek n tudert deg tmurt-nsen
,gar –asen Ben
Muḥemmed, Ayt Manegllat ,Muḥend Uyeḥya ,Matub Lwenas ,Farḥat Imaziɣen ,d
wiyaḍ .Ad d- naf deg wayen i d- yenna Ben Muḥemmed ilmen-d n tikti –a asefru
« ad ruheɣ » :
Ad ruḥeɣ ad bedleɣ tamurt
Ad nadiɣ tafat
Ad ruḥeɣ ad rewleɣ i lmut
Ad bedleɣ taswiɛt
Ad ruḥeɣ akin i tagut 1
Telḥeq-d tsuta tis tlata i d- yefkan neɣ i d-yewwin ula d nettat tamuɣli
niḍen ɣef lɣerba s wudem ixulfen tamuɣli n tsutiwin timenza .
Tasuta-agi tegla-d s yilmeẓyen iseddawiyen ur sen-d-iṣaḥ ara wadeg n
uxeddim di tamurt-nsen, ur sen-yettewafk ara wazal dɣa rran tamuɣli –nsen ɣer
tmurt n lberrani ,bɣan ad inigin aken yebɣu yili lḥal anda ara affen axeddim d
udrim .
Gar imedyazen ad naf Ɛli Ɛemran, Belqasem Iḥeǧgaten , d wiyaḍ .wigi
Ttarun neɣ cennun ɣef lɣerba n tsuta tis tlata, yebɣan tamurt n lbarani akken ad
nadin ɣef uxeddim ,akken yenna Belqasem Iheǧgaten deg usefru i wumi isemma
« Aḥiwec »
1
Asefru n Ben Muḥemmed « Ad ruḥeɣ » , deg wammud,sb, 111.
20
Aḥric amenzu
Ad ninig tufɣa uberiq
Nzad ad neǧǧ amkan
Deg ddunit ad d-naf amdiq
Anida medden walan 1
3-1-1-3 Asentel yizarfan n tmeṭṭut :
Tamedyazt tatrart tewwi-d ɣef temsalt n tmeṭṭut i d- ibanen di tmetti
tartart yefkan azal d leqder i tmeṭṭut tazzayrit ,yettnadin ɣef uzref –is d ubeddel
n liḥala n tudert –is yettwaḥeqren .
Imedyazen fkan ula d nitni azal i tmeṭṭut uran tamedyazt ɣef temsalt n
yizarfan –is d lbaṭel i yettɛedayen fell-as d lḥif
ideg tettidir ,tettili-d deg
tmedyazt yura Ben Muḥemmed ,Ɛli Ideflawen d wiyad , gar imedyazen –agi Ben
Muḥemmed yiwwet s yimru-ines akken ad ibeggen liḥala n tmeṭṭut taqbaylit deg
usefu –ines « tecnam »
Tecnam akk ɣef zzin-iw
Tecnam ɣef lḥarma kesbeɣ
Ḥed ur d imekta leḥq-iw
D lmal ttuneḥsabeɣ
Tura mi d-llint wallen-iw
Yid-wen ad msefhamaɣ. 2
Anda di tazwara n usefu ibeggen-d tamuɣli i d-as- fkan ttwalin-tt d nif d
lḥerma, maɛna azref –is yettwarkeḍ ur ad as-gin ara azal am wergaz teqqim dima
.92‫ص‬،‫ ﻧﻔس اﻟﻣرﺟﻊ اﻟﺳﺎﺑق‬،‫ﻣﺣﻣد ﺟﻼوي‬1
2
Asefru n Ben Muḥemmed « Tecnam », tecna Newara nesla-as deg uḍebsi .
21
Aḥric amenzu
tettwarkaḍ, ma di tagara n usefru yiwwi-d ɣef uduqes n tmeṭṭut ,belli tuki-d tellid alen-is ɣef liḥala –s tebda tettḥasab wid isiksen izarfan-is .
Tameṭṭut daɣen tecna ɣef yiman-is, ɣef
yizrfan –is d uzaglu i yeran
fell-as zik s ṣṣut ɛlayen yeksen ɣef yiman –is lḥif. Ad nebder gar -a sent Newwara,
Zuhra, Hnifa Tarbaɛt n Ǧerǧar .
Tarbaɛt n Ǧerǧer deg usefru « d nekk i wumi qqaren tameṭṭut »
D nek i wumi qqaren tameṭṭut
Luleɣ-d ḥeznent tasriwin
Tin iyi –d yurwen tɛebba
Rran –tt ɣer defir n luḥ
Ur terwi asiger n temẓi
Teḥma ziɣ di cetwa
Amzun ur tesɛi rruḥ1
3-1-1-4 Asentel n tayri
Tayri dayen yedder neɣ yettḥulfu umdan ama di tallit n taqburt ama d tin
n tura .Yettara-d umedyaz ihulfan-is d wayen yettwali d isefra ,maca di talit n
teqburit tettuqet tmedyazt tufḍiḥt ,sebba n waya d ẓrubat yellan gar wargaz d
tmeṭṭut .Ma yella di tallit –a tamirant tamedyazt n tayri zeddiget teṣfa ,tuɣ
taqaɛet di tmetti s tehri .
Imedyazen fkan amur meqren i usentel n tayri s tira, neɣ s cnna ,am
imedyazen –agi ixedmen aṭas ɣef usentel n tayri :Ayt Mangellat ,Matub Lwenas
.391‫ص‬،‫ﻧﻔس اﻟﻣرﺟﻊ‬،‫ﻣﺣﻣد ﺟﻼوي‬-
22
1
Aḥric amenzu
zeddak mulud, Ḥasan Aḥris, Ɛli Mezyan, Farid Faragi ,Akli Yaḥyaten ,Brahim
Teyyeb ,Zuhra ,dwiyaḍ .
Ayt Mangellat yenna deg usefru i wumi isema « la ttnadiɣ fell-am »
yesbin-d deg-s iḥulfan n tayri zedigen is-yefkan rruḥ n tudert.
La ttnadiɣ fell-am
Anida telliḍ
La ttnadiɣ fell-am
Yeɛdel wass d yiḍ
……………………………..
Fudeɣ ṣṣifa-m
Luẓaɣ lhedra-m
Ayɣer di yi –tenɣiḍ1
3-1-1-5Asentel n tmagit .
Tamgit d tamsalt n tasertit i ceɣben leqbayel ɣef aya uwten s yal alal
akken ad senfalin yis-s, gar walalen-a tamedyazt imi awalen-is leḥḥun ttazalen
am waman deg wasif. Tamedyazt n tmagit d tutlayt d yidles n tmaziɣt ; d senf n
tmedyazt i d -ibanen deg useggas n 1945 d asawen .
Aseggas n 1945 deg-s i d -banen imaziɣen i ttennaɣen ɣef tutlayt n
tmaziɣt d laɛwayed n tjadit ;Imedyazen id-yuran fell-as wid id -yefɣen seg
tseddawiyin timital n Muḥend Yidir ayt Ɛemran ,yerẓan asalu ɣef tutlayt d yidles
n tmaziɣt . Dɣa yenna-d Ǧellawi
fell-sen
« asefru amenzu yettwarun ɣef
.64‫ص‬،24 ‫ اﻟﺷﻌر اﻟﻌﺎ طﻔﻲ رﻗم‬،‫اﻟدﯨوان اﻟﺷﻌري ﻟﻠو ﻧﯨس اﯾت ﻣﻧﻘﻼ ت‬،‫ﻣﺣﻣد ﺟﻼوي‬
23
1
Aḥric amenzu
umennuɣ ɣef laṣel d uẓar n tutlayt d yedles n tmaziɣt d asefru yura Muhend
Yidir Ayt Ɛemran deg useggas n 1945 deg waggur n yenayer ».1
Asefru yeqqar-d :
kker a mmi-s n umaziɣ
Iṭij –neɣ yulli-d
Aṭas aya deg ur –t-ẓriḍ
A gma nnuba-neɣ tezzi-d
Tamedyazt n tsartit tkemmel tettnarni armi i d aseggas n timunnent
(1962) d asawen banen-d aṭas n yimedyazen yessefran ɣef temsalt n d tmagit,
simal aswir –is yettnarni akken ad d-begnen tanaṣlit d yidles ,d umezruy n
wegdud amaziɣ .
Tamedyazt n tsartit tiɣri-s tufrar-d ,tecɛel times deg wulawen n
yimaziɣen , acku d tamsalt yesɛan asaɣ ɣer wayen iḍarun deg tmetti ;yis-s
yessaweḍ umedyaz ɣer wayen yebɣa , iwaken ad yezreɛ tamusni n tmagit (idles d
tutlayt n tmaziɣt) deg walaɣen n wemdan aqbayli. Akken i as-d- yenna umedyaz
Lunis Ayt Manegllat
Aylam ɛeqlit
£ur-m ad –as –tebruḍ yiwwas
A taqbaylit yecraq yiṭij yuli wass
…………………………………………………
Ur ttxemim
Ma di ṭṭiq neɣ di liser
.198‫ص‬،‫ﻣﺟﻣد ﺟﻼوي ﻧﻔس اﻟﻣرﺟﻊ اﻟﺳﺎ ﺑق‬
24
1
Aḥric amenzu
Tameslayt –im
Wa ara ttiɣeḍlen ma yezmer
Ma d arraw –im
Yis-sen it bedd lzzayer .1
Tamedyazt n tsertit i d- yettawin ɣef usentel n tmagit taqbaylit tettwaceqdec
ɣef sin yiberdan, yal amezdyat amek i d- yettawi tikta-s ;wa s wudem usrid wa s
wudem arusrid.
 Tamedyazt yeṭṭfen abrid arusrid :
Imedyazen n senf –a ttawin- d tamedyazt –nsen s wudem uffir ur neshil
ara i wefham ,dɣa imeɣri ilaq ad t-tiɣer s telqayt iwaken ad yefhem lmeqsud n
yimedyazen ,imi awalen yellan deg yisefra arusriden sɛan aṭas n telqayt d
yinumak d lemɛani yefren .
Imedyazen n tmedyazt tarusridt d wigi :Ben Muḥemmed,Ayt Manegllat
Sliman Ɛazem d wiyaḍ .Ben Muḥemmed deg usefru i wumi isemma « ayennat »
yewwi-d ɣef tsertit i wumi isemma « tifranin » deg usefru d winat d ufir iqseḍ-d
wid yetthegin tifranin –agi Anda i as- yeqqar :
yiwwas yenṭeq winat
Yenna-d nexdem-d ayennat
Am yergazen am lxalat
Kkret ad tewtem afus
Lǧǧarnanat rraduwat
Leqmen awal d teswiɛt
1
T, Yacine « Ait Mangullet chante », Ed, Bouchéne, 1991, p, 302- 303.
25
Aḥric amenzu
Hedren ala ɣef uyennat 1
Deg usefru –agi iban-d ubrid arusrid deg wawal winat yebɣa ad yeqṣed
yis-s wid yeṭfen akersi n leḥkem, yettkelixen i wugdud s imeslayen .Sliman
Ɛazem yesɛa ula d netta isefra i d -yettawin ɣef tsertit d tmagit deg usefu « Ufiɣ
tasekkurt ».
Ufiɣ tasekkurt teḥzen
Ur iban d acu i ttyuɣen
Texmet kan daw weẓru
Ziɣen ar diṣegaden
Is –yerẓan afriwen
Maci akka iɛuddeɣ ad tedru2.
Deg usefru-agi iqeṣd-d s tsekkurt tutlayt n tamazigt, ma d « iṣeggaden » d
adabu yebɣan ad yemḥu tutlayt-a.

Tamedyazt yeṭṭfen abrid usrid :
Amedyaz deg wudem –agi yettmeslay ɛinani mgal adabu d tsertit n tmurt,
yekkaten ɣef izarfan n umaziɣ ;gar imedyazen –agi ad nebder :Matub Lwennas,
Farḥat Mḥani ,d wiyaḍ ,izen –nsen yettaweḍ-d srid ɣer walaɣ n wemdan,sawḍen
add- xelqen taɛdawt d udabu isen-yeksen izarfan –nsen deg wayen yeɛnan
tutlayt n tmaziɣt d yedles .
Imedyazen n tmedyazt tusridt sɛan azal meqren ɣer leqbayel ḥesben-ten
d izumal n tirugza d tebɣest . Farḥat Mheni deg usefru « taɛrabt » yewwi-d ɣef
udabu :
D tarwa-s i tamesbaṭelit
Nekni d wid i aɣ-iḥekmen
1
Ben Muḥemmed , Asefru « Ayennat » , deg wammud n udlis n Ǧellawi i d –nebder yakan ,sb,463.
2
Y, Nacib, « Sliman Azem, le poéte » op-cit,Ed Ziryab,impression moderne,Alger ,2001 ,p295.
26
Aḥric amenzu
I aɣ-inekren tajadit
Taɛrabt d tutlayt igarzen
Azal-is am trumit
£er waɛraben ulac i tt-yifen
£er-neɣ tifit tmaziɣt 1
Deg usefru-a amedyaz yewwi-d s wudem usrid ɣef udabu yebɣan ad
yemḥun tajadit d tutlayt n tmaziɣt, ad yaḥseb tutlayt taɛrabt d tutlayt tanaṣlit.
Tamedyazt n tsertit i d- yettawin ɣef temsalt n tmagit yuget fell-as wawal
s usefru, ksen agu ɣef tgemmi d yedles d tutlayt n tmaziɣt, qqaren-d tidet yellan
mebla akukru d lxuf, acku ṭṭalaben izarfan –nsen yettwaksen.
3- 1-2- Asemres n tgemmi .
Tigemmi d ayen yeɛnan akk leɛwayed d wansayen n tmetti ,amedyaz
yessemras s waṭas ansayen-agi (timucuha ,tumgisin ,inzan d lemɛun )
3-1-2-1- Asemres n tumgisin (tunqist) :
Tamedyazt tatrart tettunaḥsab d lemri i d- yessebganen tudert n wegdud,
imedyazen smersen tumgist deg yisefra –nsen , rran yis-s tajmilt i tsekla n
leqbayel tamensayt.
Tumgist tettuɣal ɣer wayen i d- ilullen deg walaɣ n umdan , yettak-d tifrat
i yesteqsiyen yettidir di tilawt ur fhimen ara,neɣ ayen yefren deffir ugama, d
wayen iḍarun deg-s akken ad d-ren ɣef uxemmem d yisteqsiyen –nsen s nulfand i waḍu,i yilu ,i ugefur irebbiten.Da ad d-naf deg wawal n Ǧellawi belli :
« tunqist d lḥila yessefhamen i wemdan n zik tilawt-is d tmuɣli –ines ɣef wayen is
d yezzin yessefham-d assaɣen –is ,yesselḥayen ddunit ».2
Tumgist d tin i d-yefrurxen seg yifeḍ, ɣef waya Ǧellawi Yenna diɣen
. 470، ‫ص‬، ‫ﻧﻔس اﻟﻣرﺟﻊ اﻟﺳﺎﺑق‬، ‫ﻣﺣﻣد ﺟﻼوي‬
. 153، ‫ص‬،1997‫ﺗﯾزي وزو‬, ‫ﺑﯾن اﻟﺗراث واﻟﺗﺟدﯾد‬،‫اﻟﺻورة اﻟﺷﻌرﯾﺔ ﻋﻧد ﻟوﻧﯾس اﯾت ﻣﻧﻘﻼت‬،‫ﻣﺣﻣد ﺟﻼوي‬
27
1
2
Aḥric amenzu
« tumgist ,d taqṣiṭ n usugen yesɛan azalen n teflest ,d uzamul ,d tfelsafit ,tigejditis ur yellin ara di tilawt ,d tiɣawsiwin ur yelli-n ara deg ugama ».1
Tamsalt n usemres n tumgisin di tmedyazt taqbaylit tatrart ur yelli ara s
waṭas ,drus n wid i tt-yessemrasen ,gar yimedyazen yessemrasen tumgisin ad dnaf Ayt Manegllat deg usefru « teṣḍlemḍ-iyi ur ḍelmeɣ » deg-s yessemres tumgist
n teslit n wenẓar .
Tumgist n teslit n wunẓar ar ass-a n wussan imdanen ttamnen yis-s mi
ara iḥaz uɣurar tamurt, at tadart xedmen anzar tcebiḥen –as i uɣenǧa amzun d
tislit dewwiren yis-s di taddar. Asefru n Ayt Maneglat yeqqar-d :
Ad d-tas teslit n wenẓar
Ad as-tefk i lwerd lfuḍa-s
Lebraq ad d-iwet am lefnar
Ad- iyi- d-ibeggen ṣṣifa-s
Lehwa –s i d -iḥugun aẓar 2
Asefru –a yiwwi-d tikta seg tumgist n teslit n wunẓar ibeddel-as agbur
ilmend n tikta n usefru . ur d-yiwwi ara tumgist akken tella , yewwi-d kan asefru
–ni n teqcict yettɛenin i urebbit n ugefur ,iwaken ad as-d-yerr aman ɣer wassif
igi tecucuf. D acu kan Ayt Mangellat ibeddel-as awalen ,yesqdec-it ilmend n
usefru-is .
3-1-2-2- Asemres n tmucuha :
Tamacahut d taḥkayt n usewhem yesɛan tikti icebḥen, ttwasnent si zik n
zik, ttawint-tent-id temɣarin sumata .tamacahut d yiwen n ṣṣenf n tsekla timawit
d tin yesɛan azal meqqren deg tmetti n uɣref aqbayli, d tin i d yufraren s waṭas.
Tamedyazt n tatratrit semrasen timucuha d taḥkayin deg isefra –nsen,
uger n tumgist .ugtent deg yisefra n yimedyazen atrariyen .
.154‫ص‬،‫ﻧﻔس اﻟﻣرﺟﻊ‬، ‫ﻣﺣﻣد ﺟﻼوي‬.102‫ ص‬،2008 ،MPk، ،2007 ‫ إﻟﻲ‬1967 ‫ﺷﻌر و أﻓﻛﺎر ﻣن‬، ‫ ﻟوﻧﯾس اﯾت ﻣﻧﻘﻼت‬،‫ﺑﻠﻘﺎﺳم ﺳﻌدوﻧﻲ‬
28
1
2
Aḥric amenzu
Amedyaz aqbayli atrar d yiwen gar yemdanen yesnen timucuha
semrasen- tent deg yisefra –nsen yessugunen ineḍruyen n tmacahut deg yisefransen . Ma nbedr-d kra seg yimedyazen, Ben Muḥemmed d yiwen seg yimedyazen
ad t-naf yessemres deg yisefra-ines timucuha am « bab-a i nuba » ,« Tamacahut n
tsekkurt », « Uccayen ». Amedya asefru « Tamacahut n tsekkurt » :
A sidi bab uɣanim
Au yuḥric fhem hesses
Tella tezdayt di ṣeḥra
A ken-ni ɣezzif yixef –ines
Lbaz iɛac s ufell-as
Tasekkurt deg yizuran-is
………………………………………..
Efk-iyi-tt a bab-a ad tecaɣ
Di lebḥer ar neɣbu rric-is .1
Amedyaz yiwwi-d kra seg neḍruyen n tmacahut n tsekurt yessmarsi-tenid deg usefru-agi, yerna-as tikta timaynutin, yefka-as udem n usefru yettwacnan
akken ad yeṣaweḍ tikta s wudem icebḥen .
Sliman Ɛazem yesemres timucuha diɣen deg yisefra-agi « taqṣiṭ n
yizgaren », « Taqsiṭ n lewḥuc », « Izem yeččat wewtul » ,« Taqeṣiṭn wemqarqur ».
Ayt Mangellat ula d netta yessekcem-d timucuha deg yisefra « ɛli n yixef-is »,
« Urǧiɣ », « Wekleɣ rebbi », « Lehlak ».
Ayt mangellat yenna deg usefru « urgiɣ » :
Urǧiɣ win turǧa taryel
£as ul yettraǧun yuyes
Rǧǧu yuɣal d lbaṭel
Lemḥiba-w tugi ad tenɣes2
1
2
Ben Muḥemmed , Asefru « Tamachut n tsekurt », deg wammud ,sb , 102.
M, DJellaoui ,L’image poétique dans l’œuvre de Lounis Ayt Mangullet , « de patrimoine à l’innovation », Ed
Bab Ezzouar,Alger.2003,p 51.
29
Aḥric amenzu
Asefru yesɛa inumak d tikta n tmacahut n Ɛli n yixef-is, anda taryel tḍefrit ad t- tečč netta yuli ɣef tezdayt ,taryel teqqim teṣber tettrazǧu ad d-t-i d –
yeɣḍel ubeḥri n cetwa d win n unebdu i wakken ad tečč.
Yella diɣen wayen yexdem Ɛli Meẓyan deg yisefra i wumi isemma « Tamacahut n
silwuna », « Tafunast n yigujilen », « Berzidan » d tiwaḍ .
3-1-2-3- Asemres n yinzan :
Inzan d tawsit niḍen seg tsekla tamensayt. Inzi d taẓuri n tmetti taqbaylit
yesɛan talqayt deg lemɛani, Ǧellawi yenna ɣef-aya « inzi d taẓuri yellan di tmetti
n leqbayel s waṭas, tasekla taqburt teččur d inzan d lemɛun qqaren –ten
yemdanen seg yimi ɣer umeẓẓuɣ ar ass-a mazal –iten lemden-ten ».1
Ssenf –agi n tsekla timawit d inan i aɣ-d-ǧǧan yimezwura ɛemren s tikta
yessufuɣen ɣer swab, deg-sen almad, awellah d trebga.
Inzan ttawin-d ɣef yisental yemgaraden am uxeddim n wurgaz ur
netweniɛ, d win n tmettut, iswi n yisental –is mgaraden ilmend n yiswiyen-is
,tikwal d awellah d aselmed ,tikwal niḍen d aɛayer d usenqed ,tikwal d acebbeḥ n
wawal.
Tamedyazt n tatrarit tessemres aṭas n yinzan deg ugbur n yisefra,
irenun-as talqayt d lemɛani i usefru, yettas-d wezil yesɛa tameɣrut iwelmen lebni
n usefru.
Amedya deg usefru n Ben Muḥemmed « ad ruḥeɣ » yessexdem inzi ara
ad ibegnen lbaṭel d tuksa n wezref i wemdan , i wumi ksen tutlayt yerran tudert
tarẓagant fell-as ; s yinzi i d- yeddan deg usefru-a « yerran luḍa d asawen » . Inzi
ɣef terzeg n temɛict ,d tudert n tmara . Inzi-a yewwit-id akken yella deg tensayit.
yenna deg usefru :
Ad ruḥeɣ ad awen –ǧǧeɣ tamurt
.201‫ص‬، ‫ﻧﻔس اﻟﻣرﺟﻊ اﻟﺳﺎ ﺑق‬،‫ﻣﺣﻣد ﺟﻼوي‬-
30
1
Aḥric amenzu
« yerran luḍa d asawen »
Ad ruḥeɣ awen-ǧǧaɣ tamurt
I deg cergen yimawen .1
Aṭas n yimedyazen itraren yessemrasen inzan deg isefra –nsen, yernan
cbaḥa d telqayt i lemɛani d tikta gar-asen ,Ayt Manegllat ,Zeddak Mulud ,Matub
Lwenas Ben Muḥemmed d wiyaḍ . Seg medyazen-a llan wid iten-isemmrasen
kan i llan deg tesayit llan wid i sen-it-beddilen .
3- 1-3- Tagraɣlanit
Tagraɣlanit deg urti asefran atrar aqbayli tettban-d s wudem ubriz deg
temdeyazt ladɣa snat n tiktiwin-agi yettwasnen, tikta tarumansiyin, tikta
tizamuliyin. Amedyaz aqbayli atrar d win iḍalen ɣef tsekliwin tigraɣlaniyin, d
ayen it-yeǧǧan add- yexleq tikta-agi timaynutin
 tikta tirumansiyin:
Di tallit tamirant tamdyazt tettwacebaḥ s waṭas n tulmisin is- d- yernan
di lmeɛani d ccebaḥa n usefru, dayen ur nettaf ara di tmedyazt taqburt am usefru
arumansi neɣ ayen umi qqaren tiktiwin tirumansiyin i d- yernan ɣer tmedyazt
ɣef ufus n imedyazen n tallit –agi i d-d win seg tsekliwin tigraɣalaniyin .
Tarumnsit-agi tebna ɣef tlata tressiyin agama, timmad,tayri tigi ad tent –
i d- naf ttusmarsent deg tmedyazt taqbaylit tatrart . Amedyaz yessaweḍ izen-ines
d iḥulfan –is i wid i d-isellen, am wakken d-yenna umedyaz Lunis Ayt Manegallat:
Ma yeḥma wul-iw
Itij ɣer lǧiḥa-s yewwet
Tasa –w tedduri
1
Asefru n Ben Muḥemmed, « Ad ruḥeɣ » , deg wammud , sb 111.
31
Aḥric amenzu
Teqqim i wegris semḍet1
Deg usefru -agi amedyaz yebɣa ad d-icud iḥulfan –is ɣer wayen yellan deg
ugama, imi yera-d iḥulfan n timad –is akken tella liḥla n ugama . Ma telha
tegnawt ad yelhu ula d netta ma texsar-d dɣa tluɣ tnefsit-is .deg usefru –agi
icebh-d leḥnana ɣer yiṭij ma ara yecreq, ma d lihala iluɣen ɣer usemmiḍ.
Amedyaz atrar d win yessantaqen ayenn ur nesɛi iles yettak aruḥ i wayen
yellan deg ugama akken is-yenna umedyaz :Ben Muḥemmed
A yadrar bedd ad nwali
Baba ɛzizen anda yeɣli
…………………………
Ay aḍu sfeḍ afraḍen
£ef tedyant n icerriḍen .
…………………………
Ay aggur arẓ-aɣ ṭṭlam
£ef ugraw n lasumam 2
Tarumansit tettawi-d ɣef waṭas n timsal, gar –asent, Ssber, lhem, d
lmaḥna, lfarḥ tettarat-id ɣef wayen yellan deg ugama ,i sugnuniten di tmedyat-is
Amedya n Ayt Manegllat.
Anyir-iw karzent wussan
Zerɛent –id d lmeḥna
Megreɣ-d siwa urfan
.186‫ص‬، ‫ﻧﻔس اﻟﻣرﺟﻊ اﻟﺳﺎﺑق‬،‫ﺑﻠﻘﺎﺳم ﺳﻌدوﻧﻲ‬2
Asefru Ben Muḥemmed « Cfu ayi-xef-iw » ,deg wammud,sb, 135 .
32
1
Aḥric amenzu
Wejden anebdu ccetwa
Deg usefru-a igelm-d aqarru-is yecuren d urfan am akken d akal
yettwakarzen iwaken ad yettwazraɛ .maɛna netta dagi maci d naɛma is yezreɛ d
lmehna yemagr-d urfan .
 tiktiwin tizamuliyin :
Udem azamuli di tmedyazt taqbaylit tatrart ,d win yennernan s waṭas,
ɣef tzamulit sexddamen imedyazen n zik .Amgired yella-d deg lebni n usugnen
asefran ,maca maci am weswir uɣur tewweḍ tmedyazt taqbaylit tatrart .Acku
amedyaz atrar iɛedda tilas n wayen is-d –ttak tewnaṭ-is .Asexdem n tezamulit
yessaweḍ tamdyazt tatrart ɣer uswir n tikta n uzamul agraɣlan .
Imdyazen yessaxdamen tazamulit di tmedyazt taqbaylit tuqten ,anda i dyettban usemmres-agi n tzamulit deg isefra –nsen s waṭas ,am Sliman Ɛazem,Ben
Muḥemmed ,Maɛtub ,Ayt Manegllat ,Ferhat Mhenni d wiyaḍ, acku irenuyasen-d i
usefru cbaḥa .Ger izamulen n umaḍa d ugama sexdamen imedyazen itraren : iṭṭj,
agu, itri, ajeǧǧig, atg .
Akken d aɣin amedyaz atrar yessemras ifardisen n tgemmi am :abarnus,
azeṭṭa,d yismawen niden icuden ɣer tgemmi . Llan daɣen izamulen icuden ɣer
trebga,ladɣa izamulen n uḥarb ɣef tenaṣlit d wazalen n tmetti (nnif, lḥarma)am :
tamegḥelt ,lfuci, ajenwi .
Amedya deg usefru n Ben Muḥemmed i wumi isemma « Tajmilt-nwen »
Ayemma ddel deg wulawen
A yemma abernus yettru
Tewweḍ tidi ɣer yiɣes
A yemma yexreb usefru1
Azamul deg usefru –a d awal « abernus » yesɛan anamek n tjaddit d nif
akk d trugza ,yebɣa ad yini teɣli lḥarma yegra-d umdan aqbayli yeḥzen ɣef
tegnit igi i d-yegra.
1
Asefru n Ben Muḥemmed « Tajmilt-nwen » , deg wammud, sb,139 .
33
Aḥric amenzu
3 -1-4-tirawit :
Tira d allal yettaran agdud ad yaɣ amkan deg umezruy ,ad yaru ayen
yesɛa d tamusni i waken ad yekcem deg tsekliwin tigreɣlaniyin .
Tasekla tansayit tebna ɣef timawit ,yettruḥu wayen i d -yesnulfay umusnaw –
ines seg yimi ɣer umezzuɣ , amdan iḥrez ayen-akk i d -qqaren deg cfawat-is (ama
d tamedyazt ,ama d tasrit) maca simmal tettruḥ seg umdan ɣer wayeḍ tgellu-d s
arwaḥ n usnulfu n tsekla tamensayt ,gar –asen tamedyazt ,imi myal ma ara truḥ
seg wa ɣer wa yettili-d deg-s ubeddel,ama deg talɣa, ama deg unamek –is ,akken
yezmer ad as-isenqes ,i yezmer ad as-yernu .
Tallit n tetrarit tewwi-d abrid n tira ,yesseḥbibiren ɣef wayen yellan d
tasekla tamensayt, gar wayen tejmeɛ tamedyazt i kecmen ɣer tira n yimedyazen,
akken yenna Ḥ, El Muǧahid « tamedyazt n leqbayel tatrart d yiwen n ufareṣ n
ubeddel n tsekla seg timawit ɣer tira »1.
Ayt Manegllat deg usefru « Tibratin » yenna :
Zik wa ihedr-itt i wayeḍ
Ass-a di lkaɣeḍ
Ad t-id –afen inegura 2
Asefru –a ibegn-d anarni n tmedyazt seg timawit ɣer tirawit .
Tamedyazt taqbaylit tatrart temxalat ɣef tin n tensayit acku aṭas n tin
yettwacnan, lant-d deg tesfifin, s waka yezmer wemdan ad as-issel xas ma ur
yeɣri ara
ɣef waya yenna-d Ḥ,Elmuǧahed: «tamedyazt tatrart tella tin
yettwacnan, tella tin yettwarun ,temxalaf ɣef tmedyazt n teqburit s tira »3.
Abiddel-a ur iḥuz ara kan tikta d yisental maca ula d talɣa .
1
8
H , El Moudjahid , « L’expression de l’édentité dans la poésie bérbér moderne »,in ,Awal n ,1991 .
T, Yacine ,op-cit ,p318 .
3
H, El Moudjahid ,Ebd,p56 .
2
34
Aḥric amenzu
3-2-talɣa :
Tamedyazt tebna ɣef yisefra.Imedyazen benun isefra-nsen ɣef tseddarin
d yifyar , yesɛan cbaḥa n tutlayt d uẓawan,asefru d anegrawal anda yakk
iferdisen-isddukulen,iferdisen-agi sɛan assaɣ gar-asen(afyir,tameɣrut,taseddart,
akaten ).
3- 2-1- Afyir :
Afyir d tanfalit deg yinaw udyiz atrar d umensay ,deg tensayit lan tlata n
leṣnaf n yifyar : afyir aḥerfi ur yettwabḍa ara d iḥricen yemmed i yiman-is ,ṣenf
wis sin d afir bu sin yeḥricen yesɛan seg 9 ɣer 14 n tunṭiqin ,senf wis tlata d afir
bu tlata yeḥricen .
Ma nuɣal-d ɣer unnar n wesnulfu atrar ad naf ttkemilen leṣnaf-agi n
tensayit, yettunaḥsaben d ṣenf agejdan i usnulfu amaynut. Maɛna nulfan-d kra n
leṣnaf imaynuten, yesnulfaten-id umedyaz atrar, usan-d seg tsekliwin
tigreɣlaniyin.
Afyir amaynut d bu rebɛa yeḥricen (le vers quaternaire), ṣenf –a n wefyir
ur yelli ara deg urti asefran amensay ,d ayen d-ibeggen Muḥend Akli Ṣalḥi « afyir
bu rebɛa yeḥricen illul-d kkan deg tmedyazt tatrart ,yettunaḥsaben seg leṣnaf
inegura i d -yenufan.telata yeḥricen imenza n ufyir sɛan yiwet n tmeɣrut ,ma
yella d aḥric anegaru yesɛa tmeɣrut tettemxalaf ɣef tlata yeḥricen imenza . »1,
Amedya deg usefru n Salem Ziniya « Agdud » ifyar-is d bu rebɛa yaḥricen :
1
M .A ,Salhi,contribution à l’etude typographique et métrique de la poésie kabyle ,thése de doctora, DLCA,Tizi-
ouzou,2007.p.210. « localisable uniquement dans la poésie chantée moderne (Ayt Mengellet et Matoub par
exemple),il est historiquement le dernier type de vers crée . les trois premiers sous-vers riment entre eux ,alors
que le dernier rime avec le quatriéme sous –vers d’un autre vers quand il existe,et contraste, du point de vue
rimiqque ,avec les autres sous –vers .»
35
Aḥric amenzu
Aḥric [1]
I wegdud ǧǧan d amuḍin
Aḥric [2]
nutni la deg-s ttsitin
Aḥric [3]
ayla-s bḍan-t d timdirin
Aḥric [4]
s ixef –ines yekker herwel
Aḥric [1]
Azref ad yedder ur yessin
Aḥric [2]
yefk-ul-is i temsunidin
Aḥric [3]
la yeddaray tiɣaltin
afyir bu rebɛa yeḥricen
afyir bu rebɛa yeḥricen
nutni saḥman-as anzel 1
Aḥric [4]
Taseddart-a n usefru tebna ɣef ufyir bu rebɛa yeḥricen yal afir
yettunaḥsab d aḥric, tlata yeḥricen imenza sɛan yiwwet n tmeɣrut [N], ma d
aḥric wis rebɛa ikkefu s tmeɣrut [L].
Asefru bu rebɛa yeḥricen yebna ɣef nḍam –agi n tmeɣrut:
A
A
A
B
.476‫ص‬، ‫ﻧﻔس اﻟﻣرﺟﻊ اﻟﺳﺎ ﺑق‬، ‫ﻣﺣﻣد ﺟﻼوي‬-
36
1
Aḥric amenzu
Ma d ifyar n tseddart –agi d wigi :
afyir amenzu
ayla-s bḍan-t d timdirin
s ixef-ines yekker herwel
taseddart
Azref ad yadder ur yessin
yefk –ul –is i temsundin
afyir wis sin
la yeddaray tiɣaltin
nutni sseḥman –as anzel
Taseddart –agi tejmeɛ-itt yiwet n tikti , tettwabna ɣef sin n yifyar ,ṣenf n
yefyar-agi d bu rebɛa yeḥricen .
Amedya niḍen deg usefru n Ben Muḥemmed « Ayennat »:
Yiwwas inṭeq-d winat
yenna-d nexdem ayennat
am yergazen am lxalat
afyir amenzu d bu rebɛa
yeḥricen
kkret ad tewtem afus
Iǧernanen rradyuwat
leqqmen awal di teswaɛt
hedren ala ɣef uyennat
ayen nan inin drus
37
afyir wis sin d bu rebɛa
yeḥricen
Aḥric amenzu
Seḥman-d akk ṭṭbulat
ɛemren suq ɣef uyennat
afyir wis kraḍ d bu
yekker herwel di rreḥbat
rebɛa yeḥricen
yewwet ṭṭbel yerna nnaqus1
Asefru-agi akk yettwabna ɣef yiwet n tseddart yebnan ɣef yifyar bu rebɛa
yeḥricen ,di yal afir tlata yeḥricen imenza keffun s tmeɣrut (T) ,ma d aḥric wis
rebɛa ikefu s tmeɣrut (S) .
asefru –agi ibanaɣ-d yebna ɣef nḍam n tmeɣrut :
A
A
A
B
t
t
t
s
Udem n ufir bu rebɛa yeḥricen ,d udem amaynut deg yisefra n teqbaylit
iban-d kan deg urti asefran atrar .
3- 2-2 Tameɣrut
Asefru d awalen iweznen i cebbḥen s wenya n tmeɣrut i d- yettilin deg
taggara n yal afyir .Tameɣrut d tuɣali n yiwen n usekkil (ama taɣra neɣ tirgelt)
deg taggara n yifyiren .deg usegzi n tmeɣrut d tin i renun cbaḥa i usefru .
Tameɣrut n usefru atrar temxalaf ɣef usefru amensay, imi nulfan-d
nḍamat d leqwaleb n tmeɣrut ur lin ara di tansayit. Nḍam amaynut d [AAAB],
yegla-d yis-s ṣenf n ufyir bu rebɛa yeḥricen.
Amedya ɣef nḍam-agi n tmeɣrut amaynut asefru n Salem Ziniya « Agdud ».
1
Ben Mu emmed , « Asefru ayennat »,seg wammud n udlis n allawi id-nebder yakkan ,sb,463 .
38
Aḥric amenzu
Afyir bu rebɛa yeḥricen.
A
A
aylas bḍan-t d timdirin
A
ixef –ines yekkes herwel.
B
Tameɣrut n usefru –agi tebna ɣef nḍam-a[ AAAB].
ṣenf niḍen n tmeɣrut i d -yenulfan d nḍam n (A B C),tettemxalaf tmeɣrut
n yal aḥric deg ufyir , tameɣrut –a tenulfa-d deg ṣenf n ufyir bu tlata yeḥricen.
Amedya ɣef nḍam-a n tmeɣrut [ABC], deg usefru n Ayt Mangellat « Lukan »
Afir bu tlata yeḥricen
Ma teɣliḍ medden akk i nek
A
ma trebḥeḍ ḥedd ur k-isin
B
C
akka i d –ak –d –iban lqum
Taseddart
A
Ad tṣeggem ddunit yis-k
afir bu tlata yeḥricen
B
lukan am kecc tilin
ad as-tekkes nuba i umcum1
C
Asefru n Ayt Manegllat d asefru yettwabna ɣef ufyir bu tlata yeḥricen,
tameɣrut-is tettwabna ɣef lqaleb-agi :
A
B
C
=
t
n
m
Yenulfa-d ṣenf niḍen n tmeɣrut yebnan ɣef nḍam (AABC), lqaleb- agi ur
yelli wara s waṭas deg usefru atrar, acku drus maḍi it- yessexdamen. Ad naf lqaleb
–agi n tmeɣrut deg usefru yesɛan afir bu rebɛa yeḥricen , Amedya seg usefru n
.279‫ص‬،‫ﻧﻔس اﻟﻣرﺟﻊ اﻟﺳﺎ ﺑق‬، ‫ﻣﺣﻣد ﺟﻼوي‬
39
1
Aḥric amenzu
Sliman Belḥret i wumi isemma « Tameṭṭut taqbaylit » ibegn-d ṣenf n tmeɣrut
(AABC).
Afir bu rebɛa yeḥricen
Di lwaqt n uzemmur
A
tuli ɣef ttjur
A
tewweḍ tacebbubt
B
tecru-d taciṭa
C
Tasddart
Afir bu rebɛa yeḥricen
£as ma zzin d aggur
A
ɣas ma tella d memzur
A
teɣleb tasekkurt
B
mi ara tleqeḍ di lqaɛa
1
C
Asefru-a yesɛa tameɣrut-is tagensayt (r t) ma d tanirit (a) ,tameɣerut
tagensayt tettbidil ma d tanirit ur tbeddel ara .
Tameɣrut n usfru bu rebɛa yeḥricen yebna diɣen ɣef lqaleb- agi :
A
A
B
=
C
r
r
t
a
3-2-3-Taseddart :
D afardis deg usefru. Tettili-d d agraw n yifyar yedduklen ilmend n
tmeɣrut d tudsa n wakaten , d ayen ad d-naf deg wawal n Dessons Gerrard i deg i
d -yenna « taseddart d tugget n yifyar twaṣegmen i lmend n tmeɣrut »2
Seg zik tella tseddart deg usefru ,maca isefra n zik d wid n yebnan ɣef
timawit armi i ad-t-njemɛen farqen-ten d tiseddarin.
.300‫ص‬،‫ﻧﻔس اﻟﻣرﺟﻊ اﻟﺳﺎ ﺑق‬، ‫ﻣﺣﻣد ﺟﻼوي‬2
G , Dessons,Introduction a l’analyse des poémes,Bordas,Paris ,1981,p 90.
40
1
Aḥric amenzu
Amedyaz atrar i benu tiseddarin –is ɣef leḥsab n usentel , asefru n Saɛid
Ɛabdelli « Afet-as- bab-is tura »
Afet- as-d bab-is tura
I urekti –nni ǧǧan waman
Ad awen-d-ǧǧeɣ
Taseddart tamenzut
Nekk ad ruḥeɣ di laman
Siwlet-as-d mi ara teḥṣel
Qqaren –as d lɛib ma tcekkel
I d nnan imezwura
Tbedlem amgud s weḥriq
Ad ken-isɛed ad ken-ihenni
D ungif i tarram d arfiq
Ceḍḥet-as-d ad awen-iɣenni
Qqaren –as ṣṣfer n ibariq
Mi yufeg yemmečč deg yigenni
Iḍebber wungif yeftel
Teččam di nɛi n teɣri –nwen
Taseddaet tis snat
Netta di texmirt yewḥel
£er ɣur-s ijebd-iken
Am useɣwen yellem yettmuttal
Ad d- yezzi i tmegraḍ-nwen 1
1
S, Abdelli,Tidwirin,Ammud n yisefra ,Ed Asqamu Unnig n Timmuzɣa ,2009,sb,54 .
41
Aḥric amenzu
3-2-4-Akat :
Akat d tudssa n tunṭiqin deg ufyir, neɣ amek beṭṭun tunṭiqin .Nḍam-agi n
beṭṭu n wafir d tuksa n wakat, d tulmist i d -yettuɣalen deg wennar n wesnulfu n
tmedyazt ama deg tensayit ama tatrarit .D acu kkan akaten narnan deg tirmit
tudyizt tatrart, anarni-agi yettuɣal ɣef ṣenf n ufyir amaynut afyir bu rebɛa
yeḥricen ,ma yella d afyir amensay s leṣnaf-is akat-is yettaweḍ ɣer 23 n tunṭiqin
deg yiwen n ufyir ma d afir bu rebɛa yeḥricen yettaweḍ alama d 26 n tunṭiqin s
waka ad tnaf yexulef akat amensay.
Amedya ɣef nḍam amaynut n tunṭiqin [7-5-7-7] deg usefru n Sliman
Belḥaret i wumi i semma « Derrya gar yiḍelli d wass-a »1.
Asefru
Uṭṭun n wakat d tunṭiqin
tuksa n
wakat
Zik –nni dderya tekker-d
zik/nni/ed/der/ya/tek/red
7
D i lḥif teḥnunf-d
dil/ḥif/teḥ/nun/fed
5
yiwwet n tikelt kan di durt
yi /wet/ti/kelt/kan/did/durt
7
I d iqeṭṭu wemsewaq
i d /iq /eṭ/ṭu/wem/sew/waq
7
Gar yizgaren yemmurd-d
Gar /yiz/gar/en/yem/mur/ded
7
Mi ɣlin iɛeggeḍ
Miɣ /lin/i/ɛeg/ḍed
5
Treba-ten-id tmettut
Et /re/bat/en/idt/met/tut
7
Mebla ma tban-d teḥmeq.
Meb /la/mat/ban/ed/teḥ/meq
7
.301‫ص‬، ‫ﻧﻔس اﻟﻣرﺟﻊ اﻟﺳﺎ ﺑق‬، ‫ﻣﺣﻣد ﺟﻼوي‬
42
1
Aḥric amenzu
Asefru-agi yettwabna ɣef rebɛa yeḥricen dayen i t- yeǧǧan ad yawi
amaynut di tunṭiqin , amaynut –agi d wagi (7- 5 -7 -7) , ifyar-is ttwabenan ɣef 26 n
tunṭṭiqin , yella kan deg tatrarit.
Tatrarit tegla-d s waṭas n umaynut i tmedyazt taqbaylit i d –ibanen s
wudem ubriz ama seg tama n talɣa ,ama seg tama n ugbur .
43
Aḥric wis sin
Asefru ilelli
12
Aḥric wis sin
Asefru ilelli
Asefru ilelli
Tamedyazt taqbaylit tennarna s wudem d ubriz seg tensayit ɣer tatrarit ; tedda-d
s ubrid n tira akked walalen n taywalt (tiliẓri, imaṭṭafen, tisfifin ….) iswi n sent d
tira.
Tamedyazt tatrart ur tcud ara ɣer tensayit,nulfan-d neḍamat ur llin ara
deg tnesayit ama deg ugbur d tegnatin n wesnulfu d tmenna ,am akken yeffeɣ i
nḍamat n lebni n usefru seg tama n talɣa . Asnulfu d unarni n tmedyazt tatrart
yessuli
aswir
n usefru
aqbayli
armi
yelḥeq
ɣer uswir
n tmedyazt
tagreɣlant.Yewweḍ armi iɛedda tilas n tetrarit ;anda i d- yennulfa usefru ilelli
yesɛan tulmisin n yiman-is seg tama n talɣa it- i d -yessebganen d ilelli.
1-Anamek n usefru ilelli .
1-1anamek n usefru :
Uqbel ad nef-k anamek n usefru ilelli ,ilaq ad nawi anamek n usefru s
umata .Akken temxalafen imedyazen i temxalafen isefra-nsen ,akken daɣen
temxalafen inumak i yettwafken i usefru .
Add-naf Anamek n usefru iccuden ɣer ccena ɣer kamal Buɛmara akken i
d-yenna « asefru n teqbaylit yeqqen ɣer ccna ,sumata asefru d uzawan ttwarzen
wa ɣer wa s twuri n usefru, cennun-ten d argaz neɣ d tameṭṭut ,ama deg
uxxeddim, ama di lfarḥ neɣ di leḥzen »1.
Tabadut –agi tbegen-d asefru d win icuden ɣer cbaḥa n uẓawan d ccna n
wemdan deg tegnatin yemxalafen ,yal yiwen amek i t-icenu d wadeg i deg ticenu .
1
-http/www.tamur-info/gar-usefru n tura d win n zik, yella umaynut ,mis a jour 13-12-2011,12 :40,s ur Kamal
Bouamara.
45
Aḥric wis sin
Asefru ilelli
Asefru d asnulfu n umdan, yesnulfat-id s yiḥulfan-is deg tudert –is n yal
ass.£ef waya yenna Paul Vorléry « asefru d awalen i d- yettefɣen s wudem n
tmedyazt seg waleɣ n wemdan »1.
Ma d tabadut n usefru ɣer Ǧammal ḥemri « asefru ,d azuzen d asduqqes
yessakayen amseflid yettak lǧahd i wawal uḥeddad-is ,asefru d iḥulfan i dyettefɣen si timawit n umedyaz ;yettemgarad seg umedyaz ɣer wayeḍ,
tettemgarad ɣef laḥsab n tmuɣli d tudert n umedyaz »2.
Asefru aqbayli d awalen zeddigen i d- yettefɣen deg telqayt n yiḥulfan d
tudert n wemdan i d -yeqqar yimi-s yettak-as lmizan is-yettaken anya ,s tmeɣrut
n yifyar-is ,maca asefru cbaḥa-s ur telli ara kan deg talɣa ,tella cbaḥ-s diɣen deg
telqayt n wawal ,d lemɛani n tikta-s . Asefru d win i d- yettwaxelqen s temlilit n
talɣa , d wegbur . Asufu atrar yesnarna asefru amensay yerẓa ilugan d leqwalebis .Si tama niḍen asnarni atrar yelḥeq armi yuɣal usefru d ilelli , tikwal yettefeɣ i
yilugan atraren n talɣa d yifardisen –is(tameɣrut taseddart, afir ,akat).

Anamek n usefru ilelli deg tsekla tibaraniyin
Yal tamedyazt tesɛa udem amensay d udem atrar yemxalafen deg
tulmisin. Daɣen akken tettmexalaf tmedyazt n yal tamurt deg tulmisin icuden
ɣer tetrarit.
Tamedyazt taɛrabt deg tetrarit tesnulfa-d asefru ilelli ,iban-d ɣef sebba
n umedyaz yettcebiḥen isefra –ines s tmeɣrutin yemxalafen d wakaten ,armi
yelḥeq usefru ur yesɛi ara lqaleb n tmeɣrut .£ef aya Ṣalaḥ Ddin Muḥemmed Ɛabd
tawab yenna ɣef useru ilelli n taɛrabt « deg tsekla n taɛrabt udem-agi amaynut
yebda yettban-d mi bdan imedyazen tbeddilen deg tmeɣrut d wakaten(‫ )ﺑﺣور‬deg
1
J.L, Joubert ,La poésie , 3eme Edition ,Armand Colin ,Paris ,2006,p,17.
2
DJ, Ḥamri,Andi di tmedyazt « taṣleḍt n usefru udyiz n teqbaylit »,Asqammu Unnig n Timuzɣa ,2007,sb,9.
46
Aḥric wis sin
Asefru ilelli
tmedyazt-nsen ,imi asnulfu d umaynut yettban-d deg talɣa (tameɣrut,d
wakaten) »1.
Asefru ilelli deg taɛrabt d win yefɣen seg lugan n wakat d tamaɣrut akken
i d-yenna Badawi Tabana « asefru neɣ tamedyazt tilellit d ṣenf anda wid it-i dyesnulfan reglen seg yal leqyud d ilugan d leqwaleb ara ten-icuden , imedyazen
fkan kan azal meqren i wegbur d telqayt n isefra ,anda ad naf imedyazen
sexlaḍen
akaten
deg yiwen n usefru ;sawḍen armi i d-xelqen leqwaleb
imaynuten ur yellin maḍi deg tmedyazt n zik »2 .
Asefru ilelli deg taɛrabt d bu yiwet n tunṭiqt acku akat-is ur yelli wara d
yiwen deg usefru s timad-is ,acku afyir atrar n taɛrabt ur yelli ara d bu yeḥricen
yemsawan deg uṭun n tunṭṭiqin am akken i yella deg usefru amensay .
Asefru ilellit d aḥric ɣezzifen deg tmedyazt taɛrabt ,yebda yettban-d deg
tsekla –agi deg taggara n tegrawla tagreɣlanit tis snat ,tettawi-d tiktiwin-is seg
tmedyazt tilellit n tmura n Lurup.
Asefru ilelli yebda-d i tikelt tamenzut deg Lɛiraq sin akin yelḥaq ɣer
Lubnan,d Maṣṣer,s waya is-ttunefken inumak yemxalafen deg tsekla n
taɛabt(‫اﻟﺷﻌراﻟﻣﻧﺛور‬،‫اﻟﺷﻌر اﻟﻣرﺳل‬،‫)اﻟﺷﻌر اﻟﺣر‬.
Asefru ilelli « tettwanefka-s tbadut tamenzut deg useggas n1947,i dibanen deg ddiwan (‫ )اﻟدﯾوان‬n Bader Cakir Ṣiyab i wumi isemma (‫ ) ازھﺎرذاﺑﻠﺔ‬,syin
akin iban-d i tikelt tis snat deg ddiwan n Nazik Almalayika (‫ )ﻧﺎزك اﻟﻣﻼﺋﻛﺔ‬deg (‫ﻋﺎﺷﻘﺔ‬
‫ اﻟﻠﯾل‬.)»3.S yin d asawen aṭas imedyazen iɛiraqiyen i d-yewwin ɣef ubrid n sin
imedyazen-agi ,asnulfu yewweḍ armi yelḥaq ɣer Maṣer.
Asefru ilelli deg tsekla n Lurup iban-d itikelt tamenzut ɣer izamuliyen(les
sembolismet)ɣef ufus n
« Gustave kahn deg useggas 1977 »4.d yiwen n
. 205،‫ص‬،2005،‫دار اﻟﻛﺗﺎب اﻟﺣدﯾث‬،‫ﻓﻲ اﻟﻌﺻر اﻟﺣدﯾث‬،‫اﻟﺷﻌر اﻟﻌرﺑﻲ‬،‫ﺻﻼح اﻟدﯾن ﻣﺣﻣد ﻋﺑد اﻟﺗواب‬. 306،‫ ص‬،1970،(2:‫)ط‬،‫ﻣﻛﺗﺑﺔ اﻻﻧﺟو اﻟﻣﺻرﯾﺔ اﻟﻘﮭرة‬،‫اﻟﺗﯾﺎرات اﻟﻣﻌﺎﺻرة ﻓﻲ اﻟﻧﻘد اﻻدﺑﻲ‬،‫ﺑدوي طﺑﺎﻧﺔ‬-
1
2
.208‫ص‬،‫ﻧﻔس اﻟﻣرﺟﻊ اﻟﺳﺎ ﺑق‬،‫ﺻﻼح اﻟدﯾن ﻣﺣﻣد ﻋﺑد اﻟﺗواب‬4
J. L ,Joubert, La poesie ,Armand-Colin,3eme Ed ,Paris,2003,P ,181.
47
3
Aḥric wis sin
Asefru ilelli
wesnulfu yemxalafen akk ɣef tensayit , d afyir i d-yebdan yettefeɣ cwiṭ cwiṭ seg
yilugan n tensayit ama d ilugan n wakaten ama d ilugan n tmeɣrut.
Asefru ilelli semman-as afyir amexluḍ(vers mélés)yesɛa anamek n ufyir
yettwabnan ɣef waṭas n wakaten deg yiwen n usefru ,lmaɛna-s yessexleḍ
umedyaz gar wakaten deg yiwen n usefru ,am aken daɣen ur yesɛi ara lqaleb n
tmeɣrut ara naf ula d nettat d tamexluḍt , « aken diɣen amedyaz ma ara ad
yesnulfu asefru ilelli tameɣrut –is d wakaten –is tasen-d mebla ma iɛemed –asen
neɣ ifaq-asen (imprévisible) ».1

Anamek n usefru ilelli n teqbylit :
Tamedyazt taqbaylit deg usnulfu amaynut di tsekla tatrart ,teslul-d ayen i
wumi qaren asefru ilelli ɣas aken drus n win yesnen anamek -ines .Ad naf kra n
inagmayen fkan –as inumak iwelmen lebni –ines d yisem-is .
Gar inagmayen –agi Ǧellawi(M) i d-yennan « asefru ilelli ,d tilellit ɣef
nḍamat timensayin i d- yettbanen deg uswir n tayunin tigejdanin n usefru ,nebɣa
ad nini s nḍamat-a afyir seg tama,d lebni d leqwaleb n tmeɣrut seg tama niḍen »2.
Asefru ilelli d aḥric deg urti asefran atrar aqbayli , yewwi-d abrid ixulfen
ayen akken yellan d lqaleb amensay .
Asefru ilelli yettuneḥsab d aḥric seg tmedyazt tatrart ,d win yesɛan
tulmisin yemxalafen ɣef wayen nennum nettwalit deg tsekla taqbaylit . Ad naf
deg wawal n Muḥemmed Ǧellawi « asefru ilelli ,d asefru ur nebni ara ɣef yiwen n
umaḍal n ṭunṭiqin n d tmeɣrut, nezmer ad neg asefru bla ma nesseqdec sin n
yilugan –agi iqdimen ,yiwen n umaḍal n ṭunṭiqin akked d tmeɣrut ɣer tagara n
yifyar »3.
Tasekla n tetrarit tesnulfa-d amaynut yesnernan ayen yellan d amensay
yewwi-d udem ixulfen ilugan n lebni n usefru amensay (ayen yeɛnan tameɣrut d
wakat ,d ufyir d tseddarin ). Aken daɣen ara naf deg yiwen n usefru ,deg yiwet n
1
F, Turiel, L’analyse littéraire de la poésie , Ed Armand –Colin , juin 2001,p78.
.301، ‫ص‬،‫ﻧﻔس اﻟﻣرﺟﻊ اﻟﺳﺎﺑق‬،‫ﻣﺣﻣد ﺟﻼوي‬-2
. 301، ‫ص‬،‫ﻧﻔس اﻟﻣرﺟﻊ اﻟﺳﺎ ﺑق‬،‫ﻣﺣﻣد ﺟﻼوي‬-
48
3
Aḥric wis sin
Asefru ilelli
tseddart afyir ur yebni ara ɣef yiwen n wakat . £ef aya Muḥend, Akli Salhi yenna
« qqaren ɣef yefyar d ilelliyen mi ara yesɛu yal yiwen deg-sen akat i yiman-is ,
neɣ mi ara mgaraden yefyar n yiwwen n usefru deg lebni n tkatit –nsen , maḥsub
ur teqɛid ara tkatit n yifyar n yiwen n usefru s yilugan n wansayen n tmedyazt,
tuddsa n ṣṣenf –agi n yisefra ,tettili –d kan s unamek neɣ s unya n yifyar neɣ di
sin »1
amedya : asefru n Mexluf Buɣreb
Megreɣ-d tirga
Deg wallen
Yuẓamen
Ad d-ilal
Wayen
Ur nelli
Ugmeg-d imeṭṭi
Semmḍen
Adal
Yucafen
ɣef uṣlaḍ
la yettali
mugreɣ-d ifeṭṭiwjen
s yim-iw
la susufen
yeɣli-d felli i genni 2
1
2
M. A.Ṣalhi, Asegzawal amezyan n tsekla ,Ed L’odyssée,2012,sb ,18.
M. A, Ṣalhi , Ebd, sb,19.
49
Aḥric wis sin
Asefru ilelli
deg umedya –agi tban-aɣ-d s wudem ubriz telilli n usefru ,amedya-a yerẓa
akk leqyud n tensayit ama d tameɣrut i d- yusan s lqaleb –agi (a-b-c-b-c-b-d)rnu
yerẓa akk leqyud n tseddart ,ama d akaten n wufyir d wid ur neqɛid ara acku ulac
tiseddarin,yewwi-d abrid n tlelli deg wakaten n yifyar ;am akken i d-iban deg
umedya-agi :
Megreɣ-d tirga
Meg/reɣ/ed/tir/ga
5
Deg wallen
Deg/wal/len
3
Deg wawal
Deg /wa/wal
3
Yuẓẓamen
Yuẓ/ẓa/men
3
Ur nelli
Ur /ne/lli
3
Asefru ilelli d win yebnan ɣef tlellit ,i d- yettilin s truẓi n leqwaleb n ifardisen –
agi :

ɣelluy neɣ taruẓi n nḍamat n tseddart(tamensayt).

tilellit seg leqyud n tmeɣrut .

ɣelluy n lenḍamat n ṭunṭiqin.
Ma nuɣal-d ɣer umesnulfu neɣ imedyazen n usefru ilelli ,deg tqacuct ad
naf Ben Muḥemmed i yeṭṭfen lsas n usnulfu-agi, imi i d- yiwwi abrid n tlelli deg
isefra –ines yefɣen ɣef leqwaleb n tensayit i yerran isefra-ines d isefra n tesrit ,d
aḥerfi imi tameɣrut d tseddarin i d- yessebganen asefru tikwal ur ad –asen-tittak
ara i yisefra –is .
2-Talalit n usefru ilelli deg tmedyazt taqbaylit .
Asefru ilelli iban-d deg useggas n ṭam mraw (80)1 , deg useggas i deg diban ugraw n yilmeẓyen i d -yefɣen seg tsedawiyin ,ḍalen ɣef tsekla tagreɣlanit
yellan d tamentilt tagejdant , yis-s ḍefren abrid n yusnulfu amaynut ur nelli ara
zik,ur numen ara twalin-t deg urti asefran amensay .
. 301‫ص‬،‫ﻧﻔس اﻟﻣرﺟﻊ اﻟﺳﺎﺑق‬، ‫ﻣﺣﻣد ﺟﻼوي‬-
50
1
Aḥric wis sin
Asefru ilelli
Talalit n usefru ilelli yella-d deg tallit anda tluɣ tudert n umdan aqbayli,
labaɛda lbaṭel iɛeddan fell-as tafsut n( 80) i d -yeglan s lmut n Mulud Mammeri,
sin akin ineḍruyen-nni akk i d -yellan di tallit –a yewwi amedyaz ad yer lwelha –s
ɣer tikta, d wegbur yis-s ara ad imel iḥulfan d lɣiḍ-is .S usefru ilelli i yeṣaweḍ ad
ireẓ leqyud d lxuf is-niserkeb udabu ,anda yis –s fkan-d akk iḥulfan –nsen .
Tilellit seg nḍamat imensayen yettban-d deg tayunin tigejdanin i ɣef
yebna usefru ,ama deg tmeɣrut ama deg wakat. Amedyaz iḍefren tilellit deg
yisefra –ines tikwal yeṣṣaweḍ armi yesnulfa-d asefru n tesrit (asefru aḥerfi ).
Imedyazen n ṣenf –agi ur lin ara s waṭas gar-asen ad naf amedyaz Ben
Muḥemmed tuget n yisefra –ines d ilelliyen .
3-Tulmisin n talɣa n usefru ilelli .
Iwaken ad neglem tulmisin n usefru ilelli ilaq ad d-nexdem takatit ,imi
takatit ɣer Muḥend Akli Salḥi « d taṣleḍt n wayen akk yaɛnan lewṣayef n
tmedyazt d takatayt, ama deg wafir,ama deg tseddart ,ama deg usefru s timad-is,
lewṣayef –agi zemren ad ilin n wakat n wefyir ,n lebni n usefru ,n tseddart n talɣa
n usefru akken zemren ad ilin n tmeɣrut d unya »1 , ilaq ad neṣleḍ akk ifardisen n
usefru (Afyir ,tameɣrut,taseddart d wakat )
Ama d tamedyazt tamensayt ,ama d tin n tatrarit sɛant tulmisin icuden
ɣer-sent ,asefru ilelli ɣas aken yekki ɣer tulmisin n tmedyazt n tatrarit ,maɛna
yesɛa tulmisin ula d netta deg yiman-is (ama d tulmist n ufyir
,taseddart,tameɣrut ,akat).
3-1- Afyir.
Ad nezwir deg ufyir ,afyir d aferdis agejdan deg usefru fell-as i bnan-t
tseddarin arma yemmed d asefru ,iwaken ad tekseḍ tameɣrut d tunṭiqin ilaq ad
1
M. A, Ṣalḥi, op-cit,sb,54 .
51
Aḥric wis sin
Asefru ilelli
yili ufyir ,Mulud Mɛamri yenna « afyir d win yebḍan ɣef sin n yiferdisen ,tunṭiqin
akk d tmeɣrut »1,yebɣa ad yini da afir d netta i d lsas n teṣleḍt n tkatit.
Ma Akli Ṣalḥi ɣer-s « afyir d tayunt gar tayunin isudusen asefru di tira
tayunt-agi tettwaru iman-is s yiwen n ucceriḍ ,tagayt n yifyar (iyesdukul wakat
neɣ tesdukul tmeɣrut neɣ n usentel )tettak-d taseddart d tagayt n tseddarin
tettak-d asefru. Sumata llant snat n tmuɣliwin i d- yessefhamen d acu d
afyir tamezwarut teqqar-d akken ad yili wafir issefk-d
ad t-idiqabel wafir
nniḍen ,maḥsub ur yezmir ara ad yili yiwen n wafir iman-is (xersum ad ilin sin
yifyar). D asaɣ-nni n umgada (équivalence)gar-asen i as –yettaken i yal yiwen
deg-sen azal n wafir .Ma d tamuɣli tis snat, afir, d ini iṭṭafaren yiwen n uzenziɣ
(lqaleb) n wakat . Di teqbaylit ,llan sin n leṣnaf n yifyar afir aḥerfi mi ara yili
yemmed mebla ma yefreq d iḥricen ,ma dafyir uddis yeḇḍa d iḥricen
yettusemma yebna ɣef sin neɣ ɣef tlata n yeḥricen»2.
Amedya deg usefru n Farid Ɛli , ɣef ufyir aḥerfi :
Taseddart
Abrid i –ak yehwan aɣ-it
d afir aḥerfi
Lamaɛna mmet d afeḥli
d afir aḥerfi
Ma yecna yak Farid fehm-it
d afir aḥerfi
Ur tettu kečč d azayri
d afir aḥerfi
Ifyar-a d bu yiwen uḥric acku mmden mebla ma yefreq d iḥricen .
Ma d afyir uddis yebḍa d iḥricen ,yebna ɣef sin neɣ tlata n yeḥricen.
Amedya deg usefru n Maɛṭub ɣef ufyir uddis :
1
2
M, Mammer,op-cit ,P,84.
M. A, Ṣalḥi ,op-cit,sb,sb ,16-17.
52
Aḥric wis sin
Asefru ilelli
Ul-iw gezmit
Taseddart
Celleḥi-t ḍegger-it s aman
ifyar-is d udisen acku
Ma d rruḥ-iw
yiwwen n ufyir waḥdes
Ddem-it uqbel lawan
ur yemmid ara
Ad testaɛfuḍ
lemɛani-s ur tettwafham
Ad ḥluɣ seg yir aṭṭan
ara mebla afyir niḍen .
Ifyar-is d wid yudsen imi bḍan ɣef sin yeḥricen i d yusan s tira –agi :
Ul-iw gezmit ,celleḥ-it ḍegger-it s aman .
Ma d rruḥ-iw , Ddem-it uqbel lawan .
ifyar –agi d uddisen acku wa yettkemil
Ad testaɛfuḍ , Ad ḥluɣ seg yir aṭṭan .
unamek-is s wayeḍ ,d uddis s sin
yeḥricen.
Talɣa n tira –a n usefru tessebgan-d afyir ma d uddis ,imi dagi s tira –a
iban-d usefru –a d uddis , acku yettemmed unamek n ufyir s sin n yaḥricen .
Afyir d tulmist gar tulmisin n usefru ilelli ,d aferdis agejdan deg-s yettakd anamek neɣ anaw n usefru , ma d amensay(afyir aḥerfi ,afyir bu sin n yeḥricen,
d bu tlata yeḥricen) neɣ d atrar(afir bu rebɛa yeḥricen) ;akken i d- nebder uqbel
deg tbadut n usefru ilelli i d-yeqqaren tilellit n usefru mi ara mgaraden yefyar n
yiwen n usefru deg lebni n tkatit .
Iban-d belli afyir n usefru ilelli d afyir ilelli imi imedyazen n yisefra
ilelliyen ur fkin ara yiwen n wakat neɣ yiwet n tseddart d tmeɣrut i yifyar n
usefru-nni, amedyaz d-agi yettmuqul kan ɣer tikti ,d yiswi n usefru mačči ɣer
tɣessa d talɣa n usefru.
£ef-aya ifyar n isefra ilelliyen ,d yifyar ilelliyen ;ur yeɛdil ara ufyir d
wayeḍ deg wakat ,ur ten-ttcud ara ni tameɣrut ni taseddart, amedya deg usefru –
agi n Muxluf Buɣareb :
Megreɣ-d tirga
Meg/reɣ/ed/tir/ga.
1
53
2
3
4 5 =
5 tunṭiqin
Aḥric wis sin
Asefru ilelli
Ged walen
Deg/wa/len.
1
Deg wawal
2
3
=
3 ṭunṭiqin
=
3 ṭunṭiqin
deg/wa /wal.
1
Yuẓamen
2
3
yu/ẓa/men
1
Ad – d ilal
2
3
=
3 ṭunṭiqin
=
4ṭunṭiqin
Ad /ed/il/al
1
Wayen
2
3 4
Wa/yen
1
Ur nelli
=
2
2 ṭunṭiqin
Ur/ne /lli
1
Ugmaɣ-d imeṭṭi
2
=
3
3 ṭunṭiqin
Ug/maɣ /ed/im/eṭ/ṭi.
1
2
3 4
= 6 ṭunṭiqin
5 6
Deg usefru –agi iban ufyir ilelli i d -yusan d ilelli seg tulmisin akk n
tensayit(asefru amensay tameɣrut tebna ɣef leqwaleb ireṣan [AB],[AAB]ma d akat
ur itteffeɣ ara ɣef nḍam-agi [757],[57][77] ,imi ifyar n usefru-agi ur ɛdilen ara akk
deg tkatit ;ama dayen yeɛnan tunṭiqin d wakat ,akk d tmeɣrut, arnu-as asefru ur
yesɛi ara tiseddarin,d ayen yeǧǧan afyir-is ad illni d ilelliyen .
Amedya wis sin ,deg usefru n Rabeḥ Bucnab i wumi isemma « Tidet »
Limer maci ɣef tidet i yebniɣ
lim/er/ma/ci/ɣef/ti/det/ib/niɣ
1
Ad uɣaleɣ seg wid yeluẓen
2
4 5
6 7 8 9
= 9 ṭunṭiqin
ad /uɣ /al/eɣ/seg/wid/ye/lu/ẓen
1 2
Yelluẓen
3
3 4
5
6
7 8
9 = 9 ṭunṭiqin
yel/lu/ẓen
1
2
54
3
= 3 ṭunṭiqin
Aḥric wis sin
Asefru ilelli
Tamusni
ta/mu/sni
1
Yeṭṭsen
2
3
= 3 ṭunṭiqin
yeṭ/sen
1
Limer maci ɣef tidet i bniɣ
=
2
3
4 5
9
= 9 ṭunṭiqin
5 6 7
=
7 ṭunṭiqin
=
4 ṭunṭiqin
ed /el/xa/li
1
Ad iliɣ seg wid yemmuten
2 3
4
ad/il/iɣ/seg/wid /yem/mu/ten
1 2 3 4
Yemmuten
D ayen ur iqebbel yiwwen
2
6
7
8
= 8 ṭunṭiqin
3
= 3 ṭunṭiqin
da/yen/ur/iq/eb/bel/yiw/wen
1
Yiwwen
5
yem/mu/ten
1
2
3
4 5
6
7
8
= 8 ṭunṭiqin
yiw/wen
1
Neɣ d nekni
2
=
2 ṭunṭiqin
=
4 ṭunṭiqin
neɣ/ed/nek/ni
1
Nekni
6 7 8
ad/id/ir/eɣ /edl/xa/li
1 2 3 4
D lxali
2 ṭunṭiqin
lim/er/ma/ci/ɣef/ti/det/ib/niɣ
1
Ad idireɣ d lxali
2
2
3
4
nek/ni1
1
2
= 2 ṭunṭiqin
Deg usefru –agi ifyar-is d ilelliyen acku akat d umaḍan n tunṭiqin ur
yeɛdil ara wufyir d wayeḍ ,imi yebna ɣef umaḍal n tunṭiqin-a i d –yellan deg
usefru –a yemxalafen ɣef nḍam amensay [7-7],[7-5],[7-5-7] d nḍam atrar [7-5-77] . ula tameɣrut d tin yellan d tilellit imi teffeɣ seg neḍamat n tnesayit [ab][aab]
1
Asefru seg wammud n yisefra n tagara n turagt , « Tulmisin n tmedyazt taqbaylit tatrart ,amedya Rabaḥ
Bucnab »,2012,sb138.
55
Aḥric wis sin
Asefru ilelli
d tin n tetrarit[aaab][aabc][abc] , rrenu ifyar –agi ussan-d ttewabenan ɣef yiwet
n tseddart d ayen ur yellin ara deg tnesayit .
Amedya nniḍen ɣef usefru yesɛan ifyar ilelliyen d asefru n Ben
Muḥemmed i wumi isemma « Ad ruḥeɣ » .
Ad ruḥeɣ ad bedleɣ tamurt
ad /ru /ḥeɣ/ad /bed/leɣ/tam/urt
1
Ad nadiɣ tafat
2
2
3 4
2
3
2
Ad ruḥeɣ akin i tagut
8 = 8 tunṭiqin
5
=5 tunṭiqin
4
5
6 7
8 = 8 tunṭiqin
3
4
5
= 5 tunṭiqin
3
4 5 6 7 8
= 8 tunṭiqin
san/ga/des/sent/el/xa/lat
1
2
3
4
5 6
7
= 7 tunṭiqin
ad/ru/ḥeɣ/aw/en/eǧ/geɣ/tam/urt
1 2 3 4 5 6
I deg laḥmala d leḥram
7
ad/ru/ḥeɣ/ak/in/it/ag/ut
1 2
Ad ruḥeɣ awen-ǧǧeɣ tamurt
6
ad/bed/leɣ/tas/waɛt
1
S anga dessent lxalat
5
ad /ru/ḥeɣ/ad/ rew/leɣ/il/mut
1
Ad bedleɣ taswaɛt
4
ad /na/diɣ/ta/fat
1
3
7
8 9 =9 tunṭiqin
id/eg/laḥ/ma/la/ed/leḥ/ram
1 2
56
3
4
5 6
7
8
=8 tunṭiqin
Aḥric wis sin
Ad ruḥeɣ awen-ǧǧeɣ tafrut
Asefru ilelli
ad/ru/ḥeɣ/aw/en/eǧ/ǧeɣ/taf/sut
1 2 3 4 5 6
I deg ajeǧǧig yettwazlam
2 3 4 5
9 =9 tunṭiqin
6
7
8
=8 tunṭiqin
ad/ru /ḥeɣ/aw/en/eǧ/ǧeɣ/taf/rut
1 2 3 4
I la ɣ-zellun di ṭṭlam
8
id/eg/aj/eǧ/ǧig/yett/waz/lam
1
7
5 6 7
8
9 =9 tunṭiqin
i/la/eɣ/zel/lun/di/eṭṭ/lam
1 2 3 4
5
6
7
8
1
= 8 tunṭiqin
Deg usefru –agi « Ad ruḥeɣ » ussan-d yefyar-is megaraden deg lbeni n
tekatit ,ur tesɛi ara yiwen n nḍam n wakat ,ur yesɛi ara yiwen n nḍam n
tmaɣrut .
s waya ifyar ilelliyen d wid ur nesɛi ara yiwen n nḍam n wakat ,wala yiwen n
nḍam n tmeɣrut ,yeffeɣ akk ɣef nḍamat n tensayit d tetrarit.
3-2 - Tameɣrut .
Di tazwara nenna-d asefru d awal i weznen ,ayen i-as –yernan cbaḥa d
tameɣrut i yesɛan anya .Tameɣrut d aferdis deg usefru , « d allus neɣ d tuɣalin
n yiwen n yimesli neɣ d tuɣalin n taggara n yimesli n(tunṭiqt)di tagara n yifyar
n yiwen usefru »2.
Tameɣrut d tuɣalin n targalt neɣ n tiɣra deg tagara n yiwet n tseddart neɣ
deg usefru s lekmal-is,ɣef waya G.Dessans yenna « tameɣrut d yiwet seg
tulmisin n tmedyazt ,d tuɣalin n targalt neɣ n tiɣra deg tagara n yal afyir deg
usefru »3
1
Asefru n Ben Muḥemmed, « ad ruḥeɣ », deg wammud, sb, 111.
M. A, Salḥi, op-cit, sb, 56.
3
G, Dessans, op -cit, P90.
2
57
Aḥric wis sin
Asefru ilelli
tameɣrut tatrart temxalaf ɣef leqwaleb –ni i ɣef tebna tmeɣrut
tamensayt ;maɛna isefra ilelliyen snarnan akk leqwaleb n tmeɣrut ama d isefra
imensayen ama atraren.
Tameɣrut n usefru ilelli ur teqɛid ara maḥsub ifyar-is
ur keffun ara s yiwet n tmeɣrut , akken i d- yenna Ǧellawi Muḥemmed ɣef
tmeɣrut tilellit : « kra seg yimedyazen ɛarḍen amek ara ad fɣen seg leqyud n
tmeɣrut s tarrayin yemxalafen,d aɣen tikwal ur tt-ibennu ara ɣef tmeɣrut
,anecta-agi i d -yesllalayen asefru aḥerfi ( n tesrit) »1.
Gar yimedyazen iḍefren ṣenf–agi n tmeɣut tilellit ur nebni wara ɣef
nḍamat n tmedyazt taqbaylit tamensayt , Ben Muḥemmed deg usefru-a i wumi
isemma « yemma » (montage poétique)
Ur znuzuɣ isefra
Akken ad d- aɣeɣ ṭṭumubilat
Ur znuzuɣ lqurɛan
Akken ad segnaɣ lxalat
Ur znuzuɣ tawra
Akken ad bnuɣ ṣṣrayat 2
Asefru –a tban-d tmeɣrut-is ur teqɛid ara ,imi di yal tagara n yifyar amek i
d –tussa ,ur d-yettuɣal ara d yiwen n wallus ; [ a t n t a t].
Ma nuɣal ɣer tbaduyin –agi i yettunefken i tmeɣrut ad naf d tigejdit gar
tgejda i d-yesebganen asefru , s leqwaleb –ni i d-yemmalen d acu-tt ma d
amensay neɣ d atrar. Asefru ilelli ɣas akken yenulfa-d deg tatrarit maɛna ur
yeṭif ara deg leqwaleb-nni ,ur yesɛi ara allus n yiwet n targalt,neɣ d tiɣra;tettas-
‫ﺗرﻗﻲ اﺣﯾﺎﻧﺎ اﻟﻰ اﻟﺗﺣرر اﻟﻛﻠﻰ ﻣن‬، ‫ﺑﻛﯾﻔﯾﺎت ﻣﺑﻌددة‬، ‫"ﻓﺈن اﻟﺑﻌض ﻣﻧﮭم ﺳﻌﻰ اﻟﻰ اﻟﺗﺣرر ﻣﻧﮭﺎ‬.319‫ص‬،‫ﻧﻔس اﻟﻣرﺟﻊ ااﻟﺳﺎﺑق‬، ‫ﻣﺣﻣد ﺟﻼوى‬-1
".‫و ادﺧﺎل اﻟﻘﺻﯾدة ﻓﯾﻣﺎ ﯾﻣﻛن ﺗﺳﻣﯾﺗﮫ ﺑﺎﻟﻧﺛرﯾﺔ اﻟﺷﻌرﯾﺔ‬، ‫ﺳﻠطﺎن اﻟﻘواﻓﻰ‬
2
Asefru n Ben Muḥemmed « Yemma montage poétique » , deg wammud,sb ,145.
58
Aḥric wis sin
Asefru ilelli
d tmeɣrut-is texleḍ gar nḍamat n tmeɣrut n tensayit d nḍamat n tmeɣrut n
tetrarit , neɣ tarwi imi ur yiḍfir ara akk nḍamat n tetrarit.
Amedyaz n usefru ilelli ur yefki ara azal i tmeɣrut ,isefra-ines ttasen-d
mebla nḍamat n tmeɣrut ,ma nuɣal-d ɣer tmeɣrut yerwin ad nawi amedya s
usefru n Salem Ziniya . « Ad dreɣ kan d ilelli »
Wi icqa ma qqimeɣ i laẓ
A
Wi icqa ma ččiɣ tuga
B
I ubeḥri d tili
C
Wi iceqa ma ssiɣ aleẓẓaẓ
A
Wi icqa ma gneɣ ɣef tmurt
D
Dlleɣ igenni
C
Wi icqa ma rwiɣ tingaz
E
Wi iceqa ma diɣ d aɛari
C
Neɣ fell-i tneggi
C
Wi icqa ma zedɣaɣ tiẓgi
C
Wi icqa ma dduriɣ iẓra
B
Ad ddreɣ kan d ilelli 1
C
Asefru-a isbeggen-d lebni n tmeɣrut n usefru ilelli ur teqqin ara ɣer n
tmeɣrut n tetrarit [A-A-B],[A-A-A-B] ,[A-A-B-C] d tensayit ,acku ur yeqqin ara
ula ɣer yiwen nḍamat –a ,yal afir s wacu asekil i yi-s ikefu .aya yebɣa ad yini
.481‫ص‬،‫ﻧﻔس اﻟﻣرﺟﻊ اﻟﺳﺎﺑق‬، ‫ﻣﺣﻣد ﺟﻼوي‬-
59
1
Aḥric wis sin
Asefru ilelli
asefru ilelli tikwal ur yesɛi wara tameɣrut yebna kan s talɣa n usefru mebla
tameɣrut . Amedya niḍen deg usefru –agi n Ayt Manegllat .
Lekdeb yurw-d lbaṭel
A
Lbaṭel d bab-s n lxuf
B
Lxuf wurew-d tirugza
C
Tirugza tɣelbitent akk
D
Tirugza tesɛa –d tidet
E
Tidet ma tewweḍ lḥed-is
F
Ad tesɛu lekdeb d memmi-s1
F
Tameɣrut n usefru-a d tin yerwin ,acku amedyaz yeffeɣ akk i nḍamat n
tmeɣrut ama d tamensayt ama d tatrart , tusa-d tagara n yifyar s isekilen
yemxalafen[l f a k t s s].
Amedya niḍen deg usefru n Salem Ziniya « idles arqiqan ».
A yat yidles
1
A
D arqiqan
B
D ahwihan
B
Aḥeǧǧaǧu n tmes
A
D azeɣlan
B
Yettfakan
B
Lla d –yeggar ɣer-s
A
D aquran
B
D aḥeḍman
B
A kra yettargun yis-s
A
D ameẓyan
B
-M. A, Salḥi , « Asefru n Ayt Manegllat »,op-cit ,sb,27.
60
Aḥric wis sin
Asefru ilelli
D azedgan
1
B
Asefru –agi wis sin yefka-d yiwen n nḍam ur nellin ara seg nḍamat- nni n
tmeɣrut tamensayt,wala seg nḍamat n isefra atraren ,lqaleb yebna ɣef
[A-B-B].
Tameɣrut n usefru ilelli ,tella daɣen d tamexluḍt ,mi ara yesexleḍ neɣ mi
ara yesddukel gar lenḍamat n tmeɣrut tatrart d tmeɣrut yerwin ,akken
yesddukul gar tmeɣrut n tensayit d tmexluḍt(am tmeɣrut tuḍliqt d
tmexluḍt).Tameɣrut tuḍliqt tuɣalin n yiwen n usekkil [aaaaaaa],ma d tameɣrut
tamexluḍt d tin yessexlaḍen gar nḍamat n tensayit [AB],[AAB] d nḍamat n
tetrarit [AAAB],[ABC],[AABC].
Ay-agi yettban-d deg usefru n Ben Muḥemmed « siɣ lmeṣbeḥ ».
Ssiɣ lmeṣbeḥ wali-iyi
A
Di ṭlam aṭas iyi teǧǧiḍ
B
Ul inek ɣas sakit-id
tameɣrut
C
Ul yettemettat ur teẓriḍ
tamexluḍt
B
Talaba-k fell-i err-itt-id err-itt-id
C
Ma ulac a yineɣ uṣemmiḍ
B
D nekki ik-i d-yurwen
D
keččeni i d iyi-direbban
D
Fkiɣ-ak lerzeq d urawen
D
tameɣrut
D abarani i iɛebban
D
tuḍliqt
Qqimen ifasen-ik d ilmawen
D
Ala cwiṭ ik-d-yegran
D
La ṣṣuṭuḍeɣ aberrani
A
Ma d mmi ǧǧiɣ-t i llaẓ
2
E
……………………………..
2
.476‫ص‬، ‫ﻧﻔس اﻟﻣرﺟﻊ اﻟﺳﺎﺑق‬،‫ﻣﺣﻣد ﺟﻼوي‬Asefru n Ben Muḥemmed « Siɣ lmeṣbeḥ » ,deg wammud, sb, 107.
61
1
Aḥric wis sin
Asefru ilelli
tilellit n usefru tettban-d s wudem ubriz deg tmeɣrut ixelḍen am wakka i dtban deg usefru –agi .
3-3 Taseddart :
Taseddart akken yenna M.A.Salḥi, « d tagayt n yifyar yeddukulen ama s
tmeɣrut ama s tudsa n wakaten ,akken diɣen yezmer d asentel ara ten-isduklen
( asefru ilelli ) »1.
Taseddart d aḥric deg usefru yebna ɣef yifyar yesɛa tameɣrut ,ɣef –waya
J.Jaffer yenna-d :« taseddart d tagruma n yifyar yettwaḍefren wa daw wa,alama
nernan ɛlaḥsab n tmeɣrut .»2
ɣef inumak-a ad naf daken asefru amensay d usefru atrar yesɛa tiseddarin ɣef
leḥsab n tmeɣrut ,maɛna asefru ilelli taseddarin-ines tella-d ɣef leḥsab n tikti d
lemɛani n usefru. Tikwal niḍen asefru ilelli ur yesɛi ara tiseddarin yebna-d afir
wa daw wayeḍ alma yelḥeq ɣer taggara n usefru ,maɛna tzemreḍ ad tebḍuḍ ɣef
leḥsab n yinumak d wanda ḥebsen ineḍruyen,daɣin yella wanda it-bna tseddart
ɣef laḥsab n wawal i d- yettuɣalen yal tikelt d wallus .
Asefru ilelli yella wanda yettili d asefru aḥerfi3 , ma ara ad yas s wudem n
tmedyazt n tesrit, ur tezriḍ anda i tbeddu tikti wala anda i t-ttfaka .
Taseddart yesɛan tulmisin –agi iɛeddan, add- naf deg isefra ilelliyen n
umedyaz Ben Muḥemmed labaɛda asefru « yemma .montage poétique. » ,rnu
ula d asefru n Brahim Ṭeyyeb,i wumi isemma « i nas ma tebɣa »,Asefru –agi i
jmeɛ tulmisin n tseddart tilellit :
-Ur yesɛi ara taseddart .
-Asexdem n wallus n yiwen n wawal ,i d-yesebganen tikti d tayeḍ.
1
M.A, Salḥi,op-cit ,sb, 58 .
J, Jaffere,Les vers et le poéme ,Ed.Nalban ,1984,p,90.
3
Asefru Aḥerfi Akken i d –aɣ- dina Ǧellawi d asefru n tesrit (‫) اﻟﻘﺻﯾدة اﻟﻧﺛرﯾﺔ‬.
2
62
Aḥric wis sin
Asefru ilelli
Asefru « in-as ma tebɣa » :
Maci d tikelt iseniɣ
Ma ara twaliɣ asiniɣ
Ad as-iniɣ amek it-bɣiɣ
Yekres yeles mi teẓriɣ
S imeslayen-ni i d bniɣ
Ma truḥ ur ad tneniɣ
Hedreɣ-am
Hedreɣ-am
Hedreɣ-am
Hedreɣ-am ɣef ayen i nesɛedda
£ef lwaḥc i ɣelben tirga
£ef asmi netwali iqerra
Twagezmen s lǧedra –nsen
Hedreɣ-am ɣef tsusmi n lebda
Deg yiwwen n wass taddart texla
Ufanten mezlen merra
Ur degri wa ara ad t-nineḍlen
Hedreɣ-am
Hedreɣ-am
Hedreɣ-am
Inet –as kenwi ma tebɣa
63
Aḥric wis sin
Asefru ilelli
Inet –as d igenni ara ad as-dessuɣ
D itran i tiftilin –is
Inet-as kenwi ma tebɣa
Inet –as tebɣa-t tiṭi-w
Bɣan-t ifaseni-w
Bɣan-t ijeniwen-iw
Bɣan-t akk lejwareḥ-iw
Inet-as ma tebɣa.1
Asefru
ur yebni wara d tiseddarin, maɛna ilmend d walus n wawal
« hedreɣ-am » i d –yettuɣalen yal tikelt i t- zemreḍ ad tebḍuḍ tiseddarin ,akken
daɣen i t -zemreḍ ad tebnuḍ tasddart ilmend n tikti d usentel.Arnu tameɣrut –is
tettas-d d tuḍliqt di yal taseddart ,maɛna di yal taseddart yettbedil usekil n
wallus –a uḍliq,akken i d -iban deg usefru.[ɣ ɣ ɣ ɣ ɣɣ][ mmm][aaaaaaaa].
3-4- Akat .
Akat d tulmist niḍen i ɣef yettwabna usefru ,tabadut is-yefka M.A.Salḥi « d
tudsa tagensayt n wafir ,di teqbaylit akat yebna ɣef umaḍan n tunṭiqin deg wafir
daymi,amaḍan n tunṭiqin mačči d netta i d –akat n wafir ,tin ɣer-s akat d unya d
ttilin di sin deg umaḍan-agi n tunṭiqin ,d acu kan yal yiwwen deg-sen amek
ittili »2.
Sumata ifyar n isefra n teqbaylit yeṭṭuqten d wigi :
-Bu 19n tunṭiqin ,akat –is (7-5-7)acku afir am wagi yettwabna ɣef tlata
yeḥricen ,akat- ines d tudsa n tunṭiqin di tlata n yeḥricen-agi.
1
2
Tizlit n, Brahim Ṭeyyeb, « Inet-as ma tebɣa » , tettwakes-d deg uḍebsi .
-M.A.Salḥi,op-cit,sb, 23.
64
Aḥric wis sin
Asefru ilelli
-Bu 14 n tunṭṭiqin , akat-is (7-7) acku afyir am Wagi yettwaben ɣef sin
yeḥricen.
-Bu 12,10 n tunṭṭqin ,akat-is (5-7),(5-5) acku afyir am wagi yettwabena ɣef
sin n yeḥricen .
-Bu 26 n tunṭṭiqin ,akat-is (7-5-7-7) acku afyir am wagi yettwabena ɣef
rebɛa n yeḥricen .
Wagi d ayen yeɛnan akat ad tunṭiqin i ɣef yettwabna ufyir deg tensyit d
trarit .
Amedya ɣef wakat n tensayit ,deg usefru n Si Muhend Umḥend :
Yeggul wul-iw ur yenṭiq
yeg/gul/wu/liw/ur/yen/ṭiq
1
£er win ur neḥdiq
2
3
4
5 6
7
ɣer/win/ur/neḥ/diq
1 2
Nekk ɣur –i yifi-t fiḥel
3
4
5
nek/ɣu/ri/yi/fit/fi/ḥel
1
2
3 4 5 6 7
Deg usefru-a amensay iban-aɣ-d wakat n yifyar-a d wagi: bu 19n tunṭiqin,
akat –is [7-5-7],acku afyir –agi yettwabna ɣef tlata yeḥricen .
Taɣessa-agi tagensayt n wafir (neɣ akat) dayen yeɛnan isefra n tensayit ,d
tetrarit .deg usefru ilelli ur nettaf ara akk timuɣliwin –agi n wakat,imi amedyaz
n usefru ilelli ur s-ittak ara lebni am wagi (lebni n wakat amensay , d utrar),
« tilellit n usefru aqbayli seg wakaten imensayen yegla- d yis-s tlellit seg
tmeɣrut d nḍamat n yifyar »1.
‫ﺑل ﻛل ﻣﺎ ﻓﻲ اﻻﻣر ھو ﺗﺣرﯾر اﻟﻘﺻﯾدة ﻣن اﻻ ﻧﺳق اﻟﻧظﻣﯾﺔ اﻟﺗﻘﻠﯾدﯾﺔ اﻟﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺑت اﻟﺷﻌري‬، ‫"ﺗﺣرر اﻟﺷﺎﻋر اﻟﻘﺑﺎﺋﻠﻰ ﻣن اﻻوزان اﻟﺷﻌرﯾﺔ اﻟﺗﻘﻠﯾدﯾﺔ‬1
.306‫ص‬، ‫ﻧﻔس اﻟﻣرﺟﻊ اﻟﺳﺎﺑق‬، ‫ﻣﺣﻣد ﺟﻼوي‬،". ‫و ﻧظﺎم اﻻﻗواﻓﻲ‬
65
Aḥric wis sin
Asefru ilelli
Asefru ilelli tunṭiqin-is d tilelliyin ,yemxalaf yal afir d wayeḍ deg umaḍal
n tunṭiqin ,akken temxalafen deg wakat . amedya deg usefru n Rabeḥ Bucenab
Ussan zerrin
us/san/zer /rin
1
Nekkni nettraǧu
2
3
4
nekk/ni/nett/ra/ǧu
1
Amzun ur llin
2
3
4
5
am/zun/url/lin
1
wid n ferru
2
3
4
wid/en/fer/ru
1
2
3
4
Deg umedya –agi ad aɣ-d-ban tlellit deg wakaten n wafir imi tunṭiqin –is
ussant-d ur ɛdilent ara ,acku asefru ilelli yeffeɣ i umaḍal n tunṭiqin,d wakat i
ɣef benun imedyazen isefra-nsen, i yebnan ɣef [7-5-7],neɣ[7-7],[7-5 ] [7-5-7-7]
amedya-a ibeggen-d ayen niḍen yefka-d akat [4-5-4-4] yebnan ɣef [17 ] n
tunṭiqin .
Asefru ilelli akat –is ur yeɛdil ara d wid numen imedyazen ur fkin ara azal
i nḍamt n wakat d umaḍal n tunṭiqin ;usan-d d ilelliyen seg wakat .
Asefru ilelli d win yesɛan tulmisin yemxalafen ɣef tulmisin n isefra
imensayen d watraren seg tama n talɣa ,imi asefru ilelli d win yerẓan leqwaleb d
nḍamat n yisefra imensayen d watraren deg tkatit .D ayen yeǧǧan isefra ilelliyen
ad d -aɣen abrid niḍen ,abrid n tlelli seg leqyud n tmeɣrut d tseddarin ,d wakaten
imensayen d watraren.
Tilellit n tikta umedyaz teslul-d azalen imaynuten i wugbur di tmedyaz-is
ayen ara yarren asefru d ilelli n talɣiwin (leqwaleb n tmeɣrut ,d wafir,taseddart)
ɣas akken ulac leqwaleb –a maɛna cbaḥa n wawalen d tikta n isefra tettak-as anya
iweznen,nga tamawt xas akken ulac leqwaleb it-yebnan am wid tesɛa tmedyazt
tamensayt d tetrart ,maca ay-agi ur d -isenqas ara di cbaḥa neɣ di tikta n yisefar.
66
Aḥric wis sin
Asefru ilelli
Ihi akken yebɣu yilli tettas-d tesɛa anya i weznen ,ay-agi yettban-d ama s tɣurinsen ama s ccna –nsen .
Tudert n Ben Muḥemmed :
Akken id- newala deg uḥric wis sin tulmisin n usefru ilelli ,d wudemawen
it-yeǧǧan ad yemxalaf ɣef tmedyazt tamensayt d
tmedyazt tatrart . Ben
Muḥemmed seg yimedyazen itraren imenza igan asurif amezwaru deg usefru
ilelli .
Deg yixef –agi wis kraḍ add-yili ɣef taselaḍt n talɣa i yesfra n Ben
Muḥemmed, Wa ad nwali tulmisin n tlelli deg –sen, imi Ben Muḥemmed yeṭṭef
abrid n tlelli deg waṭas n isefra-ines , yebra i trakkizin n usefru amensay d
watrar,ama seg tama n ufyir neɣ tameɣrut, tiseddarin ,d wakat.
BEN ḤAMADUC MUḤEMMED iwumi qqaren
«BEN Muḥemmed » d
amedyaz , illul –d ass n 10 deg meɣres 1944 deg taddat n At Wassif ,tizi–wuzu
deg useggas n1958 guǧǧen ɣer lezzayer tamanaɣt acku dinna i ixeddem baba-s .
Ben muḥemmed yet3awan baba-s deg uxeddim deg tḥanut–nsen . yeḥbes
leqraya deg uɣerbaz deg useggas 1956, ilmend usiwel n FLN 1 . Deg useggas n
1963 yerna leqraya deg uɣerbaz i deg ixddem d aneẓraf (tresorier). Deg useggas
n1965 armi 1975, yexddem aṭas isilɣen idebeliyen (formatoin administratives)
deg uḥric usefrek (gestoin).deg useggas n 1976 yexdem di tmehla n tizraf n
trebga taɣelnawt(la directoin des finances du ministére de l’éducatoin natoinale)2,
armi d asmi i iruḥ ɣer fransa deg useggas n 1991. Dinna yexdem deg
ugzum ametti (secteur du sociale).
£as yebɛed ɣef tmurt –is, mazal-it yecfa
ɣef wansay–ines, s lferḥ i d-yettmektay tikelt tamenzut i iwala SLIMAN ƐAZEM
deg yiwet n tɣilust deg At-Wasif deg aseggas n 1952,tikelt-nni ifures baba-s
tagnit yuɣ-as-d adlis n yiḍrisen n SLIMAN ƐAZEM. si temẓi-s iḥemmel ad isel i
yemma-s mi ara d- tettawi icewwiqen ,tella daɣen yiwet n temɣart deg taddart1
2
-F.L.N :Front deLlibératoin Natoinal
-Salem Chaker ,Hommes et femmes de kabylie ,Tom 1,Ed ina-yas /Edisud ,2001,sb 109
67
Aḥric wis sin
Asefru ilelli
is tcennu tuɣac n tegrawla ,iḥemmel ad as-yesmuzget .yella daɣen wallal nniḍen
i t-iɛawnen imi taḥanut n baba-s tezga- d gar tmekardit akk d tḥanut anda
iznuzun iwensen (vidiothéque),tamezwarut
tekkes-as fad n tɣuri, tis snat
teslemd-as tiwsatin uẓawan (genres musicaux) .deg1961 i tiklet tamenzut deg
tedwilt n umaṭaf wis sin « icenayen uzekka »i d-ixeddem CRIF XEDDAM lawan
–nni. D acu ur iwahha ara i waya yerna yugad imawlan –is imi di tallit-–nni d
lɛib ad tecnuḍ.
1-a Anfaran n umaṭṭaf(productoin de radio)
Ben muḥemmed yebda amecwar-is deg umaṭṭaf wis sin deg useggas 1961
di tedwilt n plumes à l’épreuve ɣer tama n Sɛid Ḥilmi .Deg useggas n 1969
yessuter tadwilt ara d-yexdem weḥd-s ,fkan–as –d heureux matin i d-ixeddem
Zubir Taɛalibi, d tadwilt n tezlatin d unecraḥ .Dacu kan Ben Muḥemmed
yesɛeday aṭas n tikta i yimsefliden .Ger 1970 d 1971 yuɣal ɣer tedwilt plumer à
l’épreuve ttasen –d ɣur-s imedyazen akken ad d-ɣren isefra-nsen. Deg useggas
1972 yuɣal ɣer tedwilt n tsebḥit .1973 yexdem tasɣunt tadlsant .1974 yexdem
pages d’histoire .1975 yettki di tedwilt les amateurs deg useggas n 1976 yeṭṭef
nuances d tedwilt anda i d-sawalen yimsefliden akken ad d-hedren ɣef wayen i
ten –iceɣben d tirga –nsen .Deg tedwilt chansons et société i d-yexddem des
useggas n 1977,yessefaham-d tizlatin i d-yetɛeddayen.Deg useggas n 1980 yella
ɣef uqarru n tedwilt réveries .1981 yeṭṭef tadwilt souvenirs,deg tedwilt - a
yesmektay-d ineḍruyen n umezruy n myal lweqt .Aseggas n 1982/1983 i d
aseggas anegaru n Ben Muḥemmed deg rradyu tis snat , deg tedwilt tamurt n
imedyazen i deg i d -yeqqar tisuqilin yexdem i yeḍriṣen n NERUDA,
ARAGON ,PREVERT.
Deg 15 n yiseggasen n uxeddim deg rradyu,Ben Muḥemmed yuɣal d itri n
inafrasen deg tmurt n lezzayer. Mazal–it ad yeqqim d itri ɣas ma yella yeḥbes
axeddim ,yeǧǧa-d amḍiq-is zeddig am tezdeg n tutlayt-is d yisental-is i ɣef i d–
68
Aḥric wis sin
Asefru ilelli
yettawi .Aṭas n tikwal i as-ḥabsen tidwilin , am wakken i as- ɛawdden isemawen
i tedwilin-is,aceku Ben Muḥemmed yeqqar-d tidet ulamma qerriḥt, tidet n
udabu iḥeqren tutlayt nneɣ.D acu kan Ben Muḥammed ur yuyis ara ikemmel
amenuɣ -is ur yezmir ad t-yeḥbes ula d yiwen .Ma nekkes tidwilin–is
timenza ,ad d-naf tidwilin n Ben Muḥemmed ttmeslayent–d ɣef umennuɣ n
tmagit d tutlayt tamaziɣt .
Am waṭas n yimdyazen n lewaqt –is yebda tira ɣef yisental n tmetti
taqburt armi d iseggasen n 70 i yebda tira ɣef usental n tmagit .Ugar n
uxeddim–is di rradyu,yella ixeddem timeɣriwin tinaẓurin anda i d-yeqqar
isefra–ines (ɣer tama n Ferḥat Mehanni, Crif Xeddam, Ayt Mangellat) .Itteki deg
usuqel n tceqqufin umezgun n kateb yasin ɣer teqbaylit amedya mohamed prend
ta valise ,la kahina (netta d uṛezqi Si Muḥemmed , ɛmer Mezdad ,crif xeddam,
saɛid Saɛdi .) rnu ɣer-s yessuqel iḍrisen n ɛezdin Meddur ɣer teqbaylit deg
useggas n 1991 .Yura aḍris yettwacnan i usaru n Fawzi Sehrawi i deg yerra
tajmilt i Isyaxem . Ben
Muḥemmed yettmeslay tutlayt zeddigen ,mebla
imeslayen atraren ,akken ad t-id-tefhem yemma-s .
1-b Ben Muḥemmed amedyaz :
Si tazwara n yiseggasen n 70 i yebda yessefray ɣef umennuɣ n tmagit.
« yemma » d yiwen n usefru s yis –s i d-yessaki aṭas n yilmeẓyen acku d tiɣri n
tmurt , akk d tyemmat iwarraw -nnsent ,d tiɣri n tutlayt i wumi yetwakkes
wazal. Imi d awezɣi ad yessusem uqcic ɣef lbaṭel yettɛeddin ɣef yemma-s,ɣef
tutlayt –is,yekker uqcic yeggul ur yessusem ad d-yini awal i neqqen .D tiɣri n
ugdud i d –yeffɣen seg yimi n Ben Muḥemmed .
Seg useggas n 1972 i yebda Ben Muḥemmed axeddim netta d Yidir,
imeslayen n Ben Muḥemmed ,d uẓawan n Yidir dduklen akken ad d-ffken
asefru yecna Yidir « a baba yenuba », d tizlit yetwasuqlen ɣer wazal n 7 n
69
Aḥric wis sin
Asefru ilelli
tutlayin tibaraniyin ,rnu ɣer-s tizlit–a tefka-d ṣṣda d ameqqran gar yilmeẓyen s
ṣṣenf atrar .
Ben Muḥemmed yennuɣ ɣef tsekla ɣer tama n Tahar Ǧaɛuṭ d wiyaḍ. Yebda
ben Muḥemmed Deg tamkarḍit « dominique » taɣuri n BALZAK , ZOLA ,
PREVERT, NERUD, NAZIM HIKEMAT , iteddu d yinelmaden deg tufɣiwin n
uḥewwes ɣer tmura n leqbayel (tigejda,akfadu,iɛekkuren . ..) i d- yesewjad
MULUD MƐEMRI akken ad walin sdat wallen–nsen ayen i as-d- yeqqar deg
temsirin –is ,akken diɣen yetmeslay-asen–d ɣef tutlayt Tasnulfawalt ,taɣuri n
yesfra ,d usmuzget i tezlatin n Ferḥat, Yidir ,Crif xeddam d yicennayen niḍen .
Ger icennayen i wumi yefka Ben Muḥemmed isefra ad naf Yidir i wumi
yexdem tuget n tezlatin n uḍebsi-is amenzu (zwi-tt rwi-tt ,Cfiɣ amzun d iḍelli
,Izumal) .ɣas yura Ben Muḥemmed isefra n zḥu, igellu-d deg-sent izen n
umennuɣ n tmagit d usemkti n yidles .
Tagejdit nniḍen i wumi yura Ben Muḥemmed tizlatin ,d Newara i yernan
cbaḥa i yisefra s sut ḥlawen ,am tezlit « Siɣ lmeṣbaḥ », « Ǧerǧar ».
Ɛmer sersur d Ben Muḥemmed i d- as yuran isefra yecna deg uḍebsi
« ɛmer sarsur icennu Ben Muḥemmed » deg useggas n 1982.deg useggas n 1983
i d-yessufeɣ Ben Muḥemmed (s lemɛawna n Ɛmer sersur d Ureẓqi Fernan) yiwet
n tesfift n yisefra i wumi yefka azewel « yemma ». kra yesfra ad ten–naf deg
tesɣunt « itinérair, et contact des cultures » n Yusef Nasib .Am wakken i d-yura kra
n yisefra n Yusef Nasib deg udlis « Anthologie de la poesie kabyle » deg useggas n
1993.
Tamedyazt n Ben Muḥemmed d tin i t-yeǧǧan d yiwen gar yitran n tsekla
taqbaylit tatrart .£er tama n uxeddim–is deg umaṭṭaf wis sin , tamedyazt d
tasekla n BEN MUḥemmed yettekki deg waṭas n tegnatin d isekasiyen ɣef
ukfawal d tmeslayt n tmaziɣt .yella ɣer tama n yinelmaden iqbayliyen n
tesdawit n lezzyer tamanaɣt deg myal leqdic i wakken ad ssutren i tikelt
70
Aḥric wis sin
Asefru ilelli
tamenzut asṭeɛref s tutlayt tamaziɣt .Ben Muḥemmed yella gar iɛeggalen i dyesbedden yiwet n tidukla tadlsant tamaziɣt deg useggas n 1981(netta d Mulud
Mɛemri, Ṭahar Ǧaɛut , Kateb Yasin ).Am waken yela d aɛeggal n tdukla tadelsant
TALA asggas n 1990, rnu ɣer waya yeslwi tidukla tadelsant tawrirt yettewattun i
d-ibedden ilmend n usuffeɣ usaru yexdem BUGER MUḥ d tajmilt i Mulud
Mɛemri1
Yenna-d Ben Muḥemmed belli yeḍfer tamedyazt s lebɣi-s ; seg mi yella d
amecṭuḥ yessaram ad yuɣal d amedyaz ,s yin axeddim –is deg rradyu iḥettem-d
fella-s ad yini awal s usefru ,ara ad yessenfalin ayen akk yebɣa ad yini s tutlayt n
tyemmat ara tefhem yemma-s , ur nessin tutlayin tibaraniyin siwa taqbaylit .
1
Salem Chaker ,op.cit,sb, 115.
71
Aḥric wis kraḍ
Taselḍt n isefra n Ben Muḥemmed
Aḥric wis kraḍ
Tasleḍt n wammud n
yisefra n Ben
Muḥemmed
73
Aḥric wis kraḍ
1-Taselaḍt n yisefra n Ben Muḥemmed seg tama n talɣa
Iwakken ad nbeggen tilellit deg isefra n Ben Muḥemmed ilaq ad
nexdem tasleḍt n tkatit i yisefra-ines (afyir,tmeɣrut,taseddart,d wakat).
1- 1-Afyir:
Akken id- nefka tabadut n ufyir ilelli d akken ma ara megaraden yefyar
n yiwen n usefru deg lbeni n tkatit (taseddart ,akat, tamaɣrut).
Sya –agi afyir ilelli ,di ilelli seg tama n tmaɣrut d wakat d tsaddarin ger
yefyar n yiwen usefru ,ɣef aya iwaken ad nwali afir –a ilaq ad nexdem
taslaḍt i yisefra n Ben Muḥemmed .
Deg yisefra –ines nufa belli tugett deg-sen ur ḍfiren ara nḍamat –nni
n wafir yesɛan yiwen n wakat n yefyar, neɣ yiwet n tmeɣrut ara ten- dyesdduklen . D agi nebɣa ad nini asefru ilelli n Ben Muḥemmed yella wanda
ur ɛdilen ara yefyar –is deg tunṭiqin akk tmeɣrut ,labaɛda deg usefru i wumi
isemma « yemma motage poétique»1 , asefru ur yesɛin la tiseddarin wala
tameɣrut yezdin ifyar-is ,ayen ara d-ibegnen belli ifyar-is ur sɛin ara yiwen
n umaḍan n tunṭiqin .
Ad neṣleḍ kra seg yifyar- is imi asefru –a ɣezif aṭas :
Sukkeɣ tiṭ ɣur deffir
suk/keɣ/tiṭ/ɣur/def/fir
1
£ur yeḍelli
2
4
5
6 = 6tunṭiqin
ɣur/ye/ḍel/li
1
£ur umezruy
2
3 4= 4 n tunṭiqin
ɣur/um/ez/ruy
1
1
3
Asefru « Yemma montage poétique» , deg wammud ,sb ,145.
73
2
3 4=4 n tunṭiqin
Aḥric wis kraḍ
Sukkeɣ tiṭ
suk/keɣ/tiṭ
1
Mugaren-iyi-d idammen
3=3n tunṭiqin
mu/ga/ren/iy/id/id/am/men
1 2
Yal tardast n tmurt-iw
3 4 5 6 7
8=8 tunṭiqin
yal/tar/dast/net/mur/tiw
1
Tenṭeq-d deg-s tezwaɣ
2
3
4
5
6=6 tunṭiqin
ten/ṭeq/ed/degs/tez/waɣ
1
Tezwaɣ idammen
2
2
3
4
5
6=6 tunṭiqin
tez/waɣ/id/dam/men
1
Idammen
2
3
4
5=5 tunṭiqin
id/am/men
1
ṬṬlam
2
3=3
tuntiqin
eṭṭ/lam
1
Tixnanasin
2=2
tunṭiqin
tix/na/na/sin
1
Lexdeɛ
2 3
4=4tunṭiqin
lex/deɛ
1
Leɣḍer
2 =2 tunṭiqin
leɣ/ḍer
1
74
2=2 tunṭiqin
Aḥric wis kraḍ
Isefra n Ben Muḥemmed ilelliyen ad naf yessexlaḍ gar leṣnaf n wefyir
yemxalfen(imensayen d watraren) deg yiwen n usefru( yessexlaḍ gar wefyir
bu yiwen uḥric,d bu sin yeḥricen ,d bu kraḍ yeḥricen akka d bu rebɛa
yeḥrice deg yiwen n usefru ) . Asexleḍ am –wa yesnulfa-d asefru war afir
(ur yesɛi wara yiwen n senf n wafir deg yiwen usefru) .
Aṭas n yessefra n Ben Muḥemmed yesɛan udem –a n usexleḍ garsen asefru « Ay atmaten »1
Afyir bu sin
yeḥricen
Axxam wwten-t iɣisan ,iẓuyaḍ temseḍfaren
Afyir bu sin
yeḥricen
Iberdan ruḥen mxalfa ,mkul wa anida it-degren
Afyir bu tlata
yeḥricen
Afyir bu sin
yeḥricen
Afyir bu sin
yeḥricen
Yal tama ad tessawal ,agraw yemmirwal ,akraren
La ṭṭafaren .
Tamurt akal n tudert ,d lmut i deg-s yefrawes
Ar daxel i tewwet znezla ,tettawi amdan d isyaxen
Deg usefru –agi « ay atmaten » tilellit n ufyir tettban-d deg usexleḍ n
sin leṣnaf n wafir ,issexleḍ gar ufyir bu sin yeḥricen akk d bu kraḍ yeḥricen .
1
Asefru « Ay tematen », deg wammud, sb, 120,.
75
Aḥric wis kraḍ
Asefru « Lzzayer »1 ula deg-s yella usexleḍ gar yefyar-is .
Afir bu
rebɛa
yeḥricen
Di tejmaɛt yewwet ubeḥri ,yiwen ur d-igri ,siwa asqamu
yeḥzen, ixuṣ-iyi wawal
Anda llan imusnawen –nni ,yeɣran di tferni ,at
Afyir bu tlata
yeḥricn
wawal yebnan ɣef ṣṣeḥ.
Mebla leḥkem uǧadarmi ,ur ḥwaǧen larmi ,ferrun-tt
Afyir bu tlata
yeḥricen
s iɣimi
afyirbu sin
yehricen
£ef tmurt ur nuklal ,a yen d-nniɣ drus
asefru –agi yessexleḍ gar ufyir bu rebɛa yeḥricen d bu tlata akk d bu sin
yeḥricen .
Ula d asefru « Tagrawla »2 yesɛa lewṣayef –a n usexleḍ gar yifyar .
Afyir bu tlata
yehricen
Afyir bu tlata
yehricen
Afyir bu tlata
yehricen
Afyir bu yiwen
yehricen
Uḥeq igad iɛawzen , i lmerta caben , lqum yellan yennekbal.
Uḥeq igad ikerzen , i wuḍan ɛawzen , at fexsa ččuren d akal.
Uḥeq igad i megren ,timẓin d yirden, di tagara ččan akbal .
Ar teḥluḍ si ncalleh.
Asefru –a yettwabna ɣef sin n leṣnaf n yifyar , afyir bu tlata yeḥricen
d ufyir bu yiwen uḥric
1
2
Asefru « lezzayer », deg wammud, sb, 141.
Asefru « Tagrawla », deg wammud, sb, 136.
76
Aḥric wis kraḍ
1-2 - Tamaɣrut :
Tamaɣrut d tuɣalin n yiwen n usekil di taggara n yifyar n yiwen n
usefru . D acu asefru ilelli ur yetteqqen ara ɣer tmaɣrut , deg isefra –agi
tameɣrut tella d tin ur yesɛin ara lqaleb .
Deg kra n yisefra n Ben Muhemmed ad naf yiwwi-d abrid –agi anda
yebra i leqyud n tmaɣrut d leqwalb –nni imensayen neɣ atraren .
Amedya asefru « El muqrani »1 :
Awin icarwen ddkir
A
Anida ikundin aweri
B
Mi tekniḍ ɣer lqabla
C
Terr_ik –id lmut ɣer yiri
I
Mmemi-k ibeddel tamurt
E
Ma d yelli-k tebra i lemri
B
Asefru-a tameɣrut-is ur tebni ara ɣef nḍam n tmeɣrut ireṣan ,imi yal
afyir s wacu asekil i si yekfa [r- i- a- i- t- i ..] [A B C D E B].
D aɣin tikwal ad naf deg yiwen usefru tamaɣrut texleḍ,yessexlaḍ gar
tmaɣrut tuḍliqt d leqwalb n tmaɣrutin niḍen .
Amedya asefru « Muqleɣ »2 :
1
Asefru « Elmuqrani », deg wammud, sb 133.
2
Asefru « Muqleɣ » , deg wammud, sb,129.
77
Aḥric wis kraḍ
Ur zriɣ ansi id-kiɣ
a
Ur walaɣ sanda tedduɣ
a
Mi kkerɣ ad setaqsiɣ
a
tameɣrut
Ad afeɣ liḥala tluɣ
a
tuḍliqt
Amzun deg igenni i d-ɣli
a
Cah deg-i mi tettuɣ
a
Beddeɣ di tiɣilt ssawalaɣ
a
Tiɣri-w teɣli ɣer wannu
b
Mekneɣ lewhi-w ad sleɣ
a
tameɣrut
Allaɣ la ytezzi irenu
b
tamensayt [AB]
Tdal-d lqebla i muqleɣ
a
Tamer-iyi-d tenna-k knu
b
Asefru-a tameɣrut-is tamexluḍt acku yessexleḍ gar sin n leṣnaf n
tmeɣrut, tameɣrut tuḍliqt i d-ibanen deg usefru ilelli ,d tmeɣrut tamensayt
[AB].
Amedya wis sin : asefru « Uccayen »1.
1
Iḍelli mi d-yewweḍ yiḍ
A
Imal yeɛlef yerra ifaz
B
Nadam yeɣli –d ɣef taddart
C
Yal amunan yattwareẓ
D
Uccen yesqreb –it-id laẓ
D
Yettxatal acu ara yɣeẓ
D
Yegra-d yiwen di tejmayɛit
C
Ifreɣ-as yiḍes iɛawez
E
Asefru « Uccayen » , deg wammud, sb, 121.
78
Aḥric wis kraḍ
Ula deg usefru-a d ilelli seg tmeɣrut ,acku ur yebni ara ɣef nḍamat n
tmeɣrut ,ni tameɣrut tatrart wala tameɣrut tamensayt ,tussad-d d tameɣrut
yerwin .
amedya wis sin asefru « Cfiɣ »1
cfiɣ amzun d iḍelli
A
mi d-yewweḍ wejraḍ tara
B
ccerq lɣerb iṭṭeggir
C
adrum ur yezmir ara
B
nek terriḍ-iyi ɣer dduḥ
E
ula deg usefru-agi d ilelli seg tmeɣrut ,akcu yebra akk i leqwaleb –nni
n tmeɣrut ama d atrar ama d amensay.
Akken id-newala deg isefra –agi d wid yellan d ilelliyen seg tmaɣrut,
imi amedyaz Ben Muḥemmed ur yeḍfir ara leqleb n tmaɣrut tamensayt neɣ
tatrart .
Ben Muḥemmed deg usefru « Yemma : montage poetique » , yebra
akk i yifardisen i yebnun asefru(tameɣrut taseddart,akat) .Ma yella tameɣrut
n usefru –agi d tin yixelḍen ur telli d tin iqqaɛden neɣ d tin iḍefren yiwen n
leqaleb ,asefru d win ɣezzifen(meqren) s waṭas yettaweḍ alama d 24 isebtar
rrenu-as d win ur nesɛi ara tiseddarin .Tilellit seg tmeɣrut d tin i d-ibanen s
wudem ubriz deg usefur-agi .Asefru « Yemma : montage poétique » d ṣenf n
tmedyazt n tesrit deg unnar n tsekla taqbaylit ,ma yella asefru n zik yesɛa
cbaḥa s tmeɣrut i d-yettǧǧan anya hninen.Deg tmedyazt-a i d-yussan s
tmedyazt n tserit cbaḥa-s tella- d deg cbaḥa n uglam d telqayt n tenfalit –is d
usugen i d-yettarwen tikta seg tilawt .
Amedya asefru « Yemma montage poetique» 2.
1
2
Asefu « Cfiɣ » , deg wammud, sb,115.
Asefru « Yemma montage poétique », deg wammud, sb, 145.
79
Aḥric wis kraḍ
Amacahu
Tamacahut tlul-d si tyita
Tiyita tesseneq-d tiɣri
Tiɣri tuɣal d meslay
Tamacahut tebda-d seg wawal Ikemnen deg wul
Awal iɛerḍen ad d- yeffeɣ
Yuɣal yebded ged yimi
Sseblaieɣ itran itran xesrent-iyi tirga
Tasusmi terna i tmeslayt ẓẓmik
Tameslayt teṭṭerḍeq tuɣal d asefru
Asefru n lebda
Win id yennan tidett
Yeṭṭef aɛudiw ad yerwel
Yeṭef ṛṛuplan ad yerwel
Tarewla tarewla tarewla
Ar melmi ar melmi ar melmi
Ad naf d aɣin asefru « Ay atmaten »1 d yiwen usefru i yellan tamaɣrut
–is d tilellit , imi tusa-d tarwi.
Axxam wwten-t iɣisan
a
Izuyaḍ ttemṣeḍfaren
a
Ibaredan ruḥen mexalafa
b
Mkul wa anida it- ḍegren
a
Yal tama la d-tessawal
c
Agraw yimmirwal
c
Akraren la ṭṭafaren
1
Asefru « Ay tmaten », deg wummud, sb, 120.
80
a
Aḥric wis kraḍ

Tameɣrut tagensayt
Tamaɣrut tagnesayt ttuɣalin n yiwen n usekil di taggara n yeḥricen n
yifyar .ula d t-agi d tin yellan d ilellit,tettas-d temaxluḍt ur teqɛid ara,imi
yal aḥric seg yifyar d acu n usekil i si yettfaka .
Amedya asefru « A yemma yemma»1 :
A yemma yemma , tewwet –iyi lfeqɛa
Simmal netddu , tettruḥu leḥdaqa
A yemma yemma, tekres tewenza
Win yeẓran tadrimt, ad yebru i trugza
Tameɣrut tagensayt n usefru –a tusa-d d tilellit .teffeɣ i nḍam n tensayit
d tetrarit , yal aḥric n yifyer-a d acu n usekil i si ikefu.
Anect-a ad i d-naf ula deg usefru « Agma »2 .
D acu tessutureḍ a gma
, a gma ssutureɣ tafat
Xedmeɣ armi d tameddit, ufiɣ aḍebsi n lxeṭbat
Win icarwen tiddiwin , yeṣber ur yettaf tifrat
1-3 Taseddart :
Taseddart tilellit, d tilellit mi ara ad yebnu umdyaz tiseddarin –ines
ɣef yiwet n tesddart ,akken idduklen yefyar-is deg yiwet n tesddart seg ma
ara d- yebdu usefru alama yekfa. Deg usefru ilelli taseddart tettban-d deg
lemɛani d yinumak d wamek itt- narnnint tikta .Ben Muḥemmed aṭas n
yisefra-ines i yellan di lelliyen seg tesddart ,ttewabnan akk ɣef yiwet n
1
2
Asefru «A Yemma yemma», deg wammud, sb, 101.
Asefru « Agma » ,deg wammud,sb,104.
81
Aḥric wis kraḍ
tesddart gar isefra-agi : « Ssiɣ lemasebaḥ », « Cfu ay-ixef-iw », « Agma »,
« Nniɣ-ak
sbaḥ
lxir», « Yemma :le
mentage
poetique », « Yemma »,
« Imeṭṭawen-iw ».
Amedya amenzu :asefru « Cfu ay –yixef –iw »1
Cfu ayi-ixef-iw
Anida maren idamen –iw
Bab-a ɛzizen anda yeɣli
Gar wass-agi d yiḍelli
Aya aḍu sefaḍ afraḍen
ɣef tedyant icerriḍen
yuren ula ɣef yeblaḍen
Akka yettkemil usefru alama d taggara mebla ma yebḍa d tiseddarin
anda ifyar –is usan –d dduklen deg yiwet n tseddart ,acku yesddukl-it yiwen
n usentel .
amedya wis sin : « Ssiɣ lmesbaḥ »2
ssiɣ lemasebaḥ wali-iyi
di ṭṭelam aṭas iyi-teǧǧiḍ
ul inek ɣas sakit –id
la yettmettat ur tezriḍ
talaba-k fell-i err-itt –id err-itt-id
1
2
Asefru « Cfu ayi-ixef-iw »,deg wammud ,sb ,135.
Asefru « Ssiɣ lmeṣbeḥ »,deg wammud , sb ,107.
82
Aḥric wis kraḍ
ma ulac ad yineɣ usemmiḍ
d nekkini ik-id- yurwen
keččini iḍ-yi- ireban
fkiɣ -ak lerzaq d urawen
d aberanni i ɛebban
qim ifasen –ik d ilemawen
ula d asefru –agi « Ssiɣ lemasebaḥ » yettkemil s yiwet n tesddart alami d
taggara ,yesddukel-it usentel ,imi tikta-s d lemɛani-s beddunt-d seg tazwara
d tnarnint alama d tagara ,yal afir yesnarnay wayeḍ deg lemɛani .
Asefru « yemma montage poetique»,d ilelli seg tesaddarin ɣas akken
d asefru ɣezzifen aṭas yesɛa azal n 24 isebtar . D aɣin yettwabena akk ɣef
tulmisin n usefru ilelli ama seg tama n yifyar d tmaɣrut ama seg tama n
wakaten .
Asefru « Yemma » 1.
Iruḥ wawal
Yessebɛad amecwar
Yerwel i temuɣli
Iruḥ -aɣ wawal nuɣal neḍfer –it
Nnruḥ ad nenadi fell-as
La nettnadi awal gar iserdas n tira n iǧernanen
La t- nettnadi di tsusmi
1
Asefru «Yemma montage poétique » , deg wammud, sb,145.
83
Aḥric wis kraḍ
La t- nettnadi di tmuɣli
La iheggu
Yeṭṭes
Yuki
Nettaf –it yebded ɣef tewwurt at wexxam nnan-as :
D acu wumi yezmer usefru
Ad yerr awal d aḥlalas
Yal tiɣilt add-yettizzif
Ad yeṭṭef afus s ɣur tilas
Ad yer aḥrarat d ukrif
Ad yessemɣi tisuqas
Ad yefk abeqqa i wungif
Aken d aɣen ara naf deg waṭas n isefra –ines i d-yettaran lwelha ɣer
tulmist niḍen n tseddart. Anda yessexdam allus neɣ tuɣalin n yiwen wawal
neɣ n tefyirt tudyizt deg yiwen usefru . di yal tikelt ad ibeggen taseddart d
tayeḍ,s wallus –agi ,deg waṭas n isefra -ines gar- asen : « Yemma »,
« Ayemma » , « Ad ruḥeɣ », « Nek ur targuɣ aggur », « Tagrawla », « Anida »,
« Yiwen n wass ».
Akken d aɣin allus -agi ad tnaf yettuɣal-d di yal tikelt deg yiwen
usefru di yal afyir am usefru « £as ». Ma nuɣal-d ɣer wallus-a ad t- naf
yemxalaf ɣef wallus n yisefra-a « Yemma », « Ayemma », « Tiɣri n
wegdud », « A baba ameɣar azemni », « Yiwen n wass », allus deg isefra -agi
yettili-d kan mkul ma ara tkfu tikti anda tebddu tikti niḍen ,maḥesub
84
Aḥric wis kraḍ
yettuɣal –d deg tazwara n tseddart iwaken ad begnent tseddarin iman –
nsent .
amedya asefru « yemma » :
Yemma
Liɣ turareɣ tidas
taseddart tamezwrut tettban –d ɣef leḥsab n imesli
Asemi d amerzen tilas
i d-yettwabdaren deg tazwara « yemma »,
Yezi wurar
anda idyuɣal deg taggara n yefya –a
Yefsi wemrar
Yendaḥ wedrar
Yenna :yemma yemma
Yemma
Krefɣ di tsertt itezmen
tasedart tis snat tettban –d d aɣin ɣef leḥsab
Asemi d am-summen idamen n imesli « yemma » id-yuɣalen deg tazwara n
Tamazagt teččur
Ayeddid yeqqur
yefyar-agi d-aɣin kfan yefyar –agi s wawal n
« yemma »
Yenna :yemma yemma 1
Akka yettkemmil usefru –agi s talɣa –ya armi d taggara n usefru .
amedya wis sin asefru « A yemma »2
1
2
Aesfru « Yemma » ,deg wammud ,sb,143.
Asefru « A yemma yamma » , deg wammud, sb, 101.
85
Aḥric wis kraḍ
A yemma yemma
Tewt-iyi lefqɛa
Simmal n teddu
Taseddart
tamenzut
Tettruḥu leḥdaqa
A yemma yemma
Tekres tewanza
Awal n « yemma »
yettuɣal-d di yal
taseddart akken ad
ibeggen taseddart
anda tebda d
wanda tekfa
Win yezran tadrimt
Taseddart
tis snat
Ad yebru i terugza
A yemma yemma
I keččem –aɣ wurif
Win yellan d amusnaw
Taseddart
tis kraḍ
Nerr-t ɣer rrif
A yemma yemma
…....…………………………
Taseddart n usefru –a ilelli yessebgan-it –id wallus n tefyirt tudyizt
« Ayemma yemma » i d –yettuɣlen yal tikelt.
Akken ara ad naf senf niḍen n wallus id-yettuɣalen deg tazwara n yal
afyir deg yiwen usefru seg tazwara alama d taggar imu isemma Muḥend
Akli salḥi « allus amsales »(anaphore)1. Deg wacḥal n yisefra n Ben
Muḥemmad yettuɣal-d wallus –agi am isefra : « Anda », « Ad ruḥaɣ », « Nek
ur ttarguɣ agur »
1
Muḥend Akli Salḥi ,opt-cit ,sb 26.
86
Aḥric wis kraḍ
Amedya asefru « Ad ruheɣ »1 .
Ad ruḥeɣ ad bedleɣ tammurt
Ad nadiɣ tafat
A beleɣ taswaɛt
Sanda dessent lxalat
£as akken asefru –a yettwaru s yiwet n tseddart ,imi yesddukel –it
yiwen n usentel ,d acu kan senf –a n wallus i d -yettuɣalen di yal tazwara n
ufyir yessebgan-d anda tebda tikti d wanda tebda tikti niḍen i d-yemmalen
taseddart.
Amedya niḍen asefru « Nek ur ttarguɣ agur »,anda ula deg usefru –agi
yal tiklet yettuɣal-d wallus n wawal « simmal ».Di yal afir ad yuɣal imesli –
agi di tazwara n ufyir ,akka yettkemil alama d tagara n usefru ,iwaken ad
ibgen taseddart. Imi deg tensayit d tetrarit taseddart tettban-d s yifyar
yedduklen s tmeɣrut d tuddsa n wakaten, ma d asefru ilelli taseddart –is ur
tt-tesddukul ni tmeɣrut ni akat .
1
Asefru « Ad ruḥeɣ » ,deg wammud, sb, 111.
87
Aḥric wis kraḍ
Asefru « nek urtarguɣ agur agur »1 :
Simmal rrun lufanat
Qlil wid isen isellen
Simmal hudden lakulat
taseddart
Ṭtuqten –d iderɣalen
Simmal teǧlent laxalat
Nehder lahaq mi t- maḍlen
Simmal azmumeg s tewseɛ
Bḍan wid yemmiḥmalen
Ula deg usefru « Anida » ad naf di yal afyir ad yettuɣal umeslay « anida »
deg tazwara n yal afyir ,iwaken ad isebgen taseddart .
Asefru « anida »2 :
Anida llant tudrin
Yesfaḍen s ifassen ilmawen
Anida tella tewwurt
Id-itellin deg wudmawen
Taseddart
Anida tella temaɛt
I deg atmaten d tematen
Anida llan leɛwanser
Tibḥirin timẓin irden
1
2
Asefru « Nek ur targuɣ aggur » ,deg wammud , sb,127.
Asefru « Anida » , deg wammud, sb,121.
88
Aḥric wis kraḍ
Ma yella deg usefru « £as » allus-is d win id –yettuɣalen di yal aḥric
deg yeḥricen n akk ifyar-is yettuɣal-d wallus n umesli « ɣas » ,anda ur
yettwabeḍa ara di d tiseddarin , « ɣas » d allus i d –yesbegnen daken 18 n
yifyar –ad yiwet n tseddart ma d afir anegaru « ur ttuɣ tin iyi d –yurwen , d
ucewwiq iyi zzuznen » d taseddart niḍen .
Asefru « £as » 1 :
£as ad aweḍeɣ lqifar
£as lekwaɣeḍ ad susemen
taseddart
£as qureɛniyi tiɣmar
£as ad kawen idamen
£as gmiɣ am yir aseɣar
……………………………….
1-4 Akat
Akken i d-nenna seg tulmisin i ɣef yettwabna usefru ilelli akat, ad naf
asefru ilelli d win yesɛan ifyar ur qɛiden ara deg wakaten .
Amedyaz ur yeḍfir ara yiwen n nḍam n wakat deg yiwen usefru, imi
yezmer deg yiwen usefru ad naf akk lṣenaf n wakaten ,tikwal d tillin –d
wakaten ur llin ni deg tensayit ni deg tetrarit, s ya i d-yettban wakat d ilelli .
Yettuɣal-d wancta-agi deg waṭas n yisefra n Ben Muḥemmed i dyiwwi-n abrid ilelli deg isefra-ines .
Amedya asefru « Amɣar azemni »2 .
1
2
Asefru « £as » , seg wammud , sb,114.
Asefru « Amɣar azemni » , deg wammud, sb, 137.
89
Aḥric wis kraḍ
Asefru
Tuksa n tunṭṭiqin
Tunṭ
ṭiqin
A bab-a amɣar azemni
A/ba/ba/am/ɣar/az/en/ni
8
Izedɣen gar yisaffen
Iz/ed/ɣen/gar/yi/saf/fen
7
Ttxil-k ma ur yi-i d –mliḍ
Ett/xil/ek/ma/ur/yi/id/em/liḍ
9
Adɣaɣ yiffen akk idɣaɣen
Ad/ɣaɣ/yif/fen/akk/id/ɣa/ɣen
8
Nekk yellan gar yisaffen
Nekk/yel/lan/gar/yis/af/fen
7
Gar yiẓra irebbaɣ afud
Gar/yiẓ/ra/ir/eb/baɣ/af/ud
8
£ur-i adɣaɣ yiffen idɣaɣen
ɣu/ri/ad/ɣaɣ/yif /fen/id/ɣa/ɣen
9
D adɣaɣ yerfed bu leqyud
Dad/ɣaɣ/yer/fed/bu/leq/yud
7
Yerẓa snasel i s t-icudden
Yer/ẓa/ens/na/sel/is/tic/ud/den
9
Widak yessebraken leɛyud
Wi/dak/yes/seb/rak/en/leɛ/yud
8
A baba amɣar azemni
a/ba/ba/am/ɣar/az/em/ni
8
Izedɣen tiẓgi iluɣen
Iz/ed/ɣen/tiẓ/gi/il/uɣ/en
8
Ttxil-k ma ur i d-mliḍ
Ett/xil/ek/ma/ur/id/em/liḍ
8
Asɣar yifen akk isɣaren
As/ɣar/yif/en/akk/is/ɣar/ren
8
Nekk yelḥan di teẓgi iluɣen
Nekk/yel/han/di/teẓ/gi/il/uɣ/en 9
Deg usefru « Amɣar azemni » yettbaneɣ-d wakat –is d ilelli acku akaten
n yifyar –is fɣen i nḍamat n zik d yitraren yebnan ɣef [5-7],[7-7],[7-5-7],[7-57-7]. Sya ad naf asefru –agi d ilelli seg wakaten imi tunṭṭiqin –ines ur llint
ara d tid iɛedlen .Asefru deg tensayit d win ur nettɛdi wara i 23 tunṭṭiqin ,ma
90
Aḥric wis kraḍ
deg usefru atrar d win ur nettɛdi wara i 26 n tunṭṭiqin 1,ma deg usefru –agi
akken i d-newala d win yeffɣen i umaḍal n tunṭiqin-a , imi i d-yusa d ilelli
seg yifyar dayen it- yeǧǧan ad yas wakat-is d ilelli .
Amedya wis sin « Tamacahut n tsekkurt »2
Asefru
Tuksa n tunṭiqin
Tuksa
N wakat
A sidi bab uɣanib
a/si/di/bab/uɣ/an/ib
7
A yuḥric fhem ḥesses
ay/uḥ/ric/ef/hem/ḥes/ses
6
Tella tezdayt di sseḥra
tel/la/tez/dayt/di/es/seḥ/ra
8
Akken –nni ɣezzif yixef-is
ak/ken/ni/ɣez/zif/yi/xef/is
8
Lbaz iɛac sufella-s
el/baz/iɛ/ac/su/fel/las
7
Tasekkurt deg yizuran-is
tas/ekk/urt/ deg/yiz/ur/an/is
8
Yeqqim armi d yiwen wass
yeq/qim/ar/mid/yiw/enw/ass
7
Imcawer d waraw-is
im/ca/wer/ed/wa/raw/is
7
Inteq umeqran deg-sen
in/teq/um/eq/ran/deg/sen
7
Inna-d deg wawal-is
in/nad/deg/wa/wal/is
6
Efkiyi-tt a bab-a ad teččaɣ
ef/kiy/it/ta/ba/ba/ad/teč/čeɣ
9
Di lebḥer ar neɣbu rric-is
di/leb/ḥer/ar /neɣ/bur/ric/is
8
.301‫ص‬،‫ﻧﻔس اﻟﻣرﺟﻊ اﻟﺳﺎﺑق‬، ‫ﻣﺟﻣد ﺟﻼوي‬-1
2
Asefru « Tamacahut n tsekkurt » ,deg wammud,sb, 102.
91
Aḥric wis kraḍ
Deg usefru-agi «Tamacahut n tsekkurt» d asefru ur nesɛi ara yifyar-is
akaten iqaɛdenn ussan-d [7 6 8 8 7 87 7 7 6 9 8…. ] yefɣen i nḍamat n
wakaten imensayen d yitraren .
Amedya wis sin asefru « A yemma »1 :
Asefru
1
Tukesa n tunṭṭiqin
Akat
A yemma yemma
A /yem/ma /yem/ ma
5
Tewwet-iyi lfeqɛa
Tew/wet /-iyi l/feq/ɛa
6
Simmal n teddu
Sima/mal n /ted/du
4
Tettruḥu leḥdaqa
Tett/ru/ḥu/leḥ/da/qa
6
Ayemma yemma
A/ yem /ma/yem/ma
5
Tekres tewana
Tekr /es t/wen/za
4
Win yezran tadrimt
Win/yez/ran/tad/rimt
5
Ad yebru i terugza
Ad/yeb /ru/i /trug/za
6
A yemma yemma
A/yem/ma/yem/ma
5
Ikeččem –aɣ wurrif
I/keč/čem/aɣ/wur/iff
6
Win/yell/an/d a /mus/naw
5
Nerra-t ɣer rrif
Ner/rat/ɣerr/rif
5
A yemma yemma
A/ yem/ma/yem/ma
4
Aqleɣ nesrattem
Aq/leɣ/nes/ratt/em
5
Asefru « Ayemma yemma» ,deg wammud, sb,101 .
92
Aḥric wis kraḍ
Win yeṭṭfen mkan
Win/yeṭ/fen/am/kan
5
Ad ibeddel udem
Ad/ib /edd/el/u/dem
5
A yemma yemma
A/yem/ma/yem/ma
4
Awi-d ad sweɣ
Aw/i-d/ad s/weɣ
6
Yerɣa wefad –iw
Yer /ɣa/wefad/iw
5
Yerna la desseɣ
Yer/na/la/des/seɣ
5
A yemma yemma
A/yem/ma/yem/ma
5
Neɣil ad nesɣer
Ne/ɣil/ad /nes/ɣer
5
Mi netti tawriqt
Mi/ne/tti/taw/riqt
5
Tamusni ad waxar
Ta /mus/ni /ad t/wax/xer
6
Deg usefru –agi n « Yemma » tunṭṭiqin-ines ussan-t d tilelliyin ,acku
ulac yiwen n nḍam n wakat iɣef yettwabna usefru –agi .
Tuget n yisefra n Ben Muḥemmed d wid i d-yiwwin abrid n tlelli
ladeɣa deg wakaten n yifyar ger isefra–agi ad naf : « A yemma montage
poetique», « Ameɣar azemni », « Ad ruheɣ », « Ssiɣ lmesbaḥ », « Yiwen n
wass », « Yemma », « Nekk ur ttarguɣ aggur », « Siḥ ay izriw », « Tajmiltnwen », « A gma », « Cfu ay ixef-iw ».
Amedya wis kraḍ asefru « Yemma montage poetique»1 :
1
Asefru « Yemma montage poétique» ,deg wammud,sb ,145.
93
Aḥric wis kraḍ
Asefru
Tuksa n tunṭṭiqin
akat
Amacḥu
A /ma/ca/hu
4
Tamacautt tlul-d si tyita
Ta /ma/cah/utt t/lul-d/sit/yi/ta
8
Tiyita tessenteq –d tiɣri
Ti/yi/ta/tes/sen/teq-d/tiɣ /ri
8
Tiɣri tuɣal d ameslay
Tiɣ/ri/tul /d am/esl/ay
6
Tamacahutt tebda-d seg
Ta /ma /ca /hutt/teb/dad/seg/wa
14
wawal i kemen deg wul
Awal iɛerḍen add-yeffeɣ
Yuɣal yebdel deg yimi
Seblaɛeɣ itran xesrent –iyi
tirga
Tasusmi terna i tmeslayt
zzmik
Tamselayt teṭṭerḍeq tuɣal d
asefru
Asefru n lebla
Wal/ik/em/nen/deg/wul
A /wal /i /ɛer/ḍen /add/yef/feɣ
8
Yu /ɣal/yeb/ded/deg/yi/mi
7
Seb/laɛ /eɣ/itr /an/xesr /ent/iy/it/ir/g 11
a
Tas/us/mi/ter/na/itm/esl/ayt/ezm/mi
10
k
Ta /mes/layt/teṭṭ/erḍ /eq/tu/ɣal /da/s
ef/ru
11
A /sef/run/leb/la
5
Deg usefru –a nexdem tasleḍt n wakat i yefyar kkan imenza acku
asefru –a d win ɣezzifen s waṭas ,akken i d -newala akaten –is d wid ixulfen
akaten imensayen i yettwabenan [7 5 7 ] neɣ [5 7 ],d wakaten atraren [7 - 5 -
94
Aḥric wis kraḍ
7- 7 ] . Akaten n usefru -a d wid yellan d ilelliyen, tunṭṭiqin –ines ur ɛedilent
ara .
Amedyaz Ben Muḥemmed deg usefru n « Yemma » yeffeɣ akk seg
nḍamat n wakaten n yifyar, d tseddarin d tmeɣrut tamensayt d tetrart, imi
abrid n tlelli seg neḍamat –nni, iccuden ɣer unnar usnnulfu n tmedyazt
tatrart, d win yuɣ umedyaz Ben Muḥemmed deg waṭas n isefra-ines.
Isefra n Ben Muḥemmed banen-d d ilelliyen ,imi narna-d seg tulmisin
n talɣa ,yerẓan nḍamat n yisefra imensayen d watraren .
Tilellit –a tban-d s wudem ubriz deg tayunin tigejdanin i ɣef yebna
usefru aqbayli ,tayunin –a d tid yeɛnan afyir ,tameɣrut ,taseddart d wakat,
yefɣen ɣef nḍamat iɣef ibenu umedyaz isefra-ines .
£ef waya abeddel –a i d –yellan deg tayunin n lebni n kra n yisefra n
Ben Muḥemmed , yemgaraden ɣef tayunin n lebni n usefru amensay d
wutrar , yeslul-d ṣenf amaynut n yisefra deg tsekla taqbaylit ,imu qqaren
asefru ilelli yesɛan tulmisin n talɣa timaynutin ,ur yettwasnen ara deg tsekla
taqbaylit .
95
Tagrayt
97
tagrayt
Tagrayt
Tasekla taqbaylit tenarna-d seg tensayit ɣer tetrarit ,anarni –agi iban-d
s umaynut deg urti n tmedyazt. deg uḥric amezwaru nefka-d isegza i watan
tatrarit ,syen newwi-d imedyaten ɣef kra n yisefra ideg id-lan wudemawen n
tetrarit ama ayen yeɛnan isental,anda imedyazen sumata wwin-d isental d
imaynuten iwatan abiddel yerzan timetti taqbaylit ladeɣa seg mi yeffeɣ
unekcum arumi ar tizi n wass-a.
Gar isental imaynuten i d -yufraren ,asentel n yizarfan n tmeṭṭut,
asentel n tegrawla n1954, asentel n tmagit , asentel n lɣerba i yebdelen
udem deg tetrarit.
Seg umaynut d aɣin ad naf amedyaz yesmras tigemmi
deg yisefra –ines ,imi amedyaz atrar yella- d win iḍallen ɣef tsekliwin
umaḍal
d ayen id- yettuɣalen s waṭas deg yisefra-ines s wudem n
tgeraɣlanit d usemres n tzamulit d trumansit deg temdyazt-is.
Tatrarit tesnarna-d ula d talɣa n usefru .anarni –agi yella-d akk ɣef
tayunin iɣef yebna usefru ama d afyir ,tamaɣrut neɣ d akat.
Deg wayen yaɛnan afyir deg urti asefran atrar iban-d senf d amaynut
d afyir bu rebɛa yeḥricen , d ayen yeǧǧan ad banen nḍamat imaynuten n
tmeɣrut (AAAB) , (ABC) , (AABC), d senf ur nelli wara deg urti asefran
amensay .ayagi yezwar-d ɣer-s Muḥend Akli Salḥi,d Muḥemmed Ǧellawi.
Anarni n tmedyazt tatrart seg tama n talɣa yeslul-d asefru ilelli . imi
tallalit n usefru ilelli deg wurti asefran aqbayli atrar yettuɣal ladeɣa ɣer
tsuta n tmanyin (80) , anda id-tban tsuta n yimedyazen yeɣran ḍallen ɣef
tsekla n tmura tigraɣlaniyin d ayen iten-yerran ad d-yili fell-asen uzrir n
nḍamat n yisefa ur llin ara deg tirmit tudyiz taqbaylit tamensayt . Tilellit
seg nḍamat timensayin d tetrarin banent-d deg uswir n tayunin tigjedanin n
usefru , yebɣa ad yini wanecta belli d abiddel deg tamɣrut d wakat n yifyar .
97
tagrayt
Ma nuɣal-d ɣer t Tulmisin timuta n tlelli seg tama n ufyir akken id –
nufa yella-d d amgarad n yifyar deg yiwen usefru deg lbeni n tkatit ,imi
amedyaz ur ibnu ara asefru –ines ɣef yiwen n senf n ufyir .
Tulmist niḍen n usefru ilelli, tilellit n tmeɣrut , d tin id-yettasen
texleḍ gar tin n tensayit d terarit . Neɣ ad naf amedyaz yetteffeɣ akk seg
nḍamat n tensayitd tetrarit, asefru –is ur yesɛi ara tameɣrut .
Snat n tayunin –agi afyir d tamaɣrut ttakent-d taseddart. Asefru
ilelli tikwal ur yebni ara ɣef tseddarin iruḥ d yiwet acku isddukel-itt usentel,
maci d tameɣrut, neɣ d afyir d wakat . D anect-a i yettaǧǧan tikwal ad yas
usefru d ilelli d bu yiwet n tseddart .
Akat d tayunt niḍen iɣef yettwabna usefru . Asefru ilelli tunṭṭiqin n
wakat-ines mxalafent akk ɣef nḍamat timensayin [7-5-7],[7-7],[7-5], d
nḍamat itraren [7-5-7-7], asefru ilelli akat –is ur yeɛdil ara d win nummen
imedyazen .
Ma yella umedyaz n usefru ilelli yeḍfer tilellit deg tmeɣrut d yifyar
anecta ad yeǧǧ ula d akat ad yas d ilelli, d win yeffeɣ i umaḍal n tunṭṭiqin
yettwasenen deg tensayit d tetrarit .
Nexdem deg yixef wis tlata tasleḍt i yisefra n Ben Muḥemmed ,deg–s
nemla-d amek yessaweḍ umedyaz ad ireẓ leqyud n tensayit , imi yella seg
yimezwura i ikecmen amaḍal n usnulfu d ubiddel deg nḍamat n usefru
amensay. Nufa-d deg yisefra –ines aṭas n ubiddel ,aṭas n tlelli deg lebni n
yisefra(ama deg ufyir d tmeɣrut,ama deg tseddarin d wakaten n yifyar) .
Tilellit n usefru deg tirmit tudyizt taqbaylit tatrart ad teqqim d tarmit
tamaynut,d aɛraḍ kkan iɛarḍen i imedyazen deg usnulfu –agi -nsen akken ad
snarnin asefru aqbayli seg nḍamat timensayin . Wa saren aswir ɣer tama n
tmedyazt tagreɣlant .
98
tagrayt
Deg tagar nessaram ad tili tezrawt-agi –nneɣ tawwurt i yinadiyen
niḍen ,imi tamedyazt taqbaylit d tin id ɛaddan ɣef waṭas n taliyin i d –
yewwin aṭas n ubiddel di yal tama . Ladɣa amedyaz Ben Muḥammed ,i wumi
xedmen yakan aṭas n tezrawin maca yal ma ara nuɣal ɣer-s ad lalent tikta
timaynutin.
99
Ammud
Isefra n Ben Muḥemmed
Ammud
101
Ammud
A yemma yemma
A yemma yemma
Tewwet-iyi lfeqɛa
Simmal nteddu
Tetruḥu leḥdaqa
A yemma yemma
Tekses twenza
Win yezran tadrimt
Ad yebru i trugza
A yemma yemma
I keččem-aɣ wuriff
Nerra-t ɣer rrif
A yemma yemma
Aqlaɣ nesrattem
win yeṭfen amkan
Ad ibeddel udem
A yemma yemma
Awi-d ad sweɣ
yerɣa wefwad-iw
yerna la desseɣ
A yemma yemma
Nɣil ad nesɣer
101
Ammud
Mi netti tawriqt
Tamusni ad twexxer
Tamacahut n sekkurt
A sidi bab uɣanim
Ay uḥric fhem ḥesses
Tella tezdayt di sseḥra
Akken- –nni ɣezzif yixef-is
Lbaz iɛac s ufella-s
Tassekurt deg yiẓuran-is
Yeqim armi d yiwen wass
Imcawer d waraw-is
Inṭeq umeqqran deg-sen
Inna-d deg wawal-is :
Efk-iyi-tt a baba ad teččeɣ
Di lebḥer ar neɣbu rrič-is
Inna-as gedha s memmi
Mačči d ṣṣyada n wukyis
Ad dalin iɛewamen
Ad d-mlilen d rric-is
Ad yawweḍ lexbar leḍyur
Lbaz ičča taǧaret-is
102
Ammud
Inṭeq-d ulemmas deg-sen
Inna-d deg wawal-is
Efk-iyi-t a baba ad teččaɣ
Deg tesraft ad neɣbu rric-is
Mačči d ṣyada n wukyis
Ad yaweḍ lweqt n rraḥa
Kul wa ad issefqed tasraft-is
Ad yaweḍ lexber leḍyur
Lbaz ičča taǧaret-is
Inṭeq-d umecṭuḥ deg-sen
Inna-d deg wawal –-is :
Efk-iyi-tt a baba ad teččaɣ
Ad zwireɣ di rric-is
D t-agi id ṣyada n wukyis
Win yeččan tasekkurt ar tt-ifak
Isuk talaba ɣef yimi-s
Ma muteɣ ǧiɣ-d leɛmara
Baba-k yergel umkan-is
103
Ammud
Agma
D acu tessutureḍ a gma
A gma sutureɣ tafat
Xedmmeɣ armi d tammedit
Ufiɣ-d aḍebsi n lxeḍbet
Win icarwen tidiwin
yeṣber ur yettaf tifrat
104
Ammud
Imeṭṭawen-iw
Semmḥeɣ -awen ma tezmem
Imi ur d –teḍḍallem
£ef iẓurran n lehlak-iw
Tewtem s ṭṭen ad t-fesrem
Mazal thedrem
Di lemtul ternam isem-iw
Ah ya limmer iyi- t-jerbem
Deg-i ur tekkatem
Ad tesurfem imeṭṭawen –iw
Di twenza-w
Iɛemrent temsal agraw
A yatmaten zedɣeɣ axxam
Siwa kan qessam
I yeẓran amek iweṣṣef
Leḥyuḍ ulin s leɣmam
Yessa s texmam
Yerna s usigna iseqqef
Iḍ d was fell-i d ṭṭlam
I rẓagit tiram
Si leɛmer-im temẓi teqsef
105
Ammud
Imeṭṭawen-iw d isefra
N widak merra
Yuɣen tiyita di laman
win ijerḥen am nekk yeẓra
Ur uksaneɣ ara
Qqewteɣ lefrisa s waman
Ul ɣer daxel yettara
Ruɣ terra tmara
Imeṭṭawen deg-i a ten –agmen
D tafsut iseggem yal amgud
Neɣ ccetwa s rrɛud
Nekk fell-i ur ibeddel lḥal
La leḥḥuɣ mebla lmeqsud
Ul yezga yeffud
Liser fell-i d lmuḥal
Ɛeddant u ɛeddant laɛyud
A rebbi lmaɛbud
I ṣbber mazal-iyi acḥal
106
Ammud
Ssiɣ lmeṣbeḥ
Ssiɣ lmeṣbeḥ wali-yi
Di ṭlam aṭaṣ iyi-teǧǧiḍ
Ul inek ɣas sakit-id
La yettmettat ur teẓriḍ
Tallaba-k fell-i err-itt-id err-itt-id
Mulac ad ayineɣ uṣemmiḍ
D nekkini ik-id yurwen
Keččini id iyi-d-irebban
Fkiɣ-ak lerẓaq d urawen
D aberrani i ɛebban
Qqimen ifassen-ik d ilmawen
Ala cwiṭ ik-d-yegran
La ṣṣuṭṭuḍaɣ abeṛṛani
Ma d memmi ǧiɣ-t i llaẓ
Tizya-s attan tettnarni
Netta iṛṛeq timest tettaẓ
Imi yeṣber yettmenni
Truḥa-as tezmert si demmar
Kečč d memmi nek d yelli-k
Qrib nemyusan maḍi
107
Ammud
Teqleḍ d aɣrib di tmmurt-ik
Liḥala –neɣ tettɣiḍ
Ass –agi ula d tili
Tuɣ medden
Briɣ irbeg truḥeḍ
Lamaɛna zzher-ik urzaɣt
Anda ik-yehwa tawdeḍ
Nekk ur ad-ak –qebleɣ taɣert
£as nadi iles-ik yenḍen
Ulamek ad teǧǧeḍ yefsi
Ssiɣ lmeṣbeḥ wali-yi
Di ṭlam aṭas iyi- –teǧǧeḍ
Ul inek ɣas saki-t-id
La yettmettat ur teẓriḍ
Talabba-k fell-i err-itt-id err-itt-id
Mulač a yineɣ u ṣemmiḍ
108
Ammud
Yiwen n wass
Yiwen n wass ad d-yenṭeq uẓru
Ad d-yini i yezgaren : mmuh !
Yiwen n wass ad yerwi uqerru
Seg yimeẓẓuɣen ad yini abbuh !
Yiwen n wass ad yekker usefru
Di yal awal ad yeddu ttfuh !
Yiwen n wass ad yenṭeq wakal
Yal tardast ad tsiwel i memmi-s
Yiwen n wass ad d-yewwet uḥemmal
Yal- wa leɛmer deg uẓar-is
Yiwen n wass ad d-neṭqen leḥyuḍ
Ad ssutren tiwwura
Yiwen n wass aḍu ad iṣuḍ
Ad iṣeɣḍele tamara
Yiwen n wass ad yekkaw waluḍ
Ad nnaɣ abrid s tira
Yiwen n wass ad neṭqent tilas
Yebḍan ul armi iḥuss
Yiwen n wass iles ad yaf tarwa-s
Ad yuɣal d yiwwen n ubernus
Yiwen n wass akka ttnaṣfa n wass
109
Ammud
Yal imi ad t- yawweḍ ufus
Yiwen n wass ad d-neṭqen yiɣsan
Seg uẓekka ad d-ffken tayet
Yiwen n wass igider yensan
Timest ad as –thuzz tayet
Yiwen n wass ad d-cerqen wussan
Targit ad teffeɣ ɣer tidet
110
Ammud
Ad ruḥeɣ
Ad ruheɣ ad bedleɣ tamurt
Ad nadiɣ tafat
Ad ruheɣ ad rewleɣ i lmut
Ad bedleɣ taswaɛt
S anga dessent lxalat
I deg leḥmala d leḥram
Ad ruḥeɣ awen-ǧǧeɣ tafsut
I deg ajeǧǧig yettwazlam
I la ɣ-zellun di ṭṭlam
Yekcem waḍu n tiselbi
Ad ruḥeɣ awen-ǧǧeɣ tatut
Yerran rray d imrebbi
Ad ruḥeɣ awen-ǧǧeɣ taḥjurt
Tin aken iteffer umlaɛbi
Yesserwalen arraw –-is
Ad ruḥeɣ awen-ǧǧeɣ taɣzut
111
Ammud
Yesmendagen deg-i timest
Ad ruḥeɣ awen-ǧǧeɣ taylut
Yessmeɣren deg-neɣ lḥes
Yeṭṭarifen imusnawen
Ad ruḥeɣ awen-ǧǧeɣ berɣut
I la yessmɣayen aciwen
Ad ruḥeɣ awen-ǧǧeɣ tawwurt
Yettbelliɛen deg udmawen
Ur nmegger ur netteffi
Ad ruḥeɣ awen-ǧǧeɣ tarbut
Ur nufi awren deg ukufi
Ad ruḥeɣ awen-ǧǧeɣ tacluḥt
Yedlen tuyat uḥerfi
Yettrebbin tifiraiqas
Ad ruḥeɣ awen-ǧǧeɣ tafugt
I d yesnejmaien at tmenqas
Ad ruḥeɣ awen-ǧǧeɣ takurt
Yeggunin deffir tuɣmas
112
Ammud
I deg ttmerriten at laxart
Ad ruḥeɣ awen-ǧǧeɣ taḥbult
I ɣef tmenɣan ɣef lwart
Ad ruḥeɣ awen-ǧǧeɣ tagdurt
Yuzzlen ad tezzizdeg lfert
Yerran luḍḍa d assawen
I deg cergen yimawen
I deg atmaten d iɛdawen
113
Ammud
£as
£as ad awḍeɣ lqifar
£as lekwaɣeḍ ad ssusmen
£as quraɛni-yi tiɣemmar
£as ad kawen idammen
£as gmiɣ am yir asɣar
£as mur ẓerreɣ wid-iyi ssnen
£as ad zmumgeɣ i lǧar
£as ma ḥemleɣ idrimen
£as izan ad felli nnḍen
£as ǧǧiɣ iffud uẓar
£as snusuɣ inebgawen
£as yexs-yi waɛber
£as lǧerra-w ad tekmen
£as di cetwa iṭij yesɣar
£as ma ulac wa yeẓẓiẓẓinen
£as ad ttuɣ abiṣar
£as grarbeɣ-d seg wedrar
Ur ttuɣ tin iyi d yurwen
D ucewwiq iyi- zzuznen
114
Ammud
Cfiɣ
Cfiɣ amzun d iḍelli
Mi d-yewweḍ wejrad tara
Ccerq lɣerb iṭṭeggir
Adrum ur yezmir ara
Nekk tariḍ -iyi ɣer duḥ
A yemme ur ṭṭiṣeɣ ara
Cfiɣ tmutelḍ-iyi
£er tẓurin n wafrara
Tenniḍ-iyi asmi d-luleɣ
Iɛdawen ur ɣ- bɣin ara
Yis-si tferḥeḍ mi meqreɣ
Tuɣ-am teftilt di lḥara
Cfiɣ amzun d iḍelli
£ef usigna mi yeɣum aggur
Ckal yeɣli-d i znad
Tammurt yečč-t unaɣur
Tmuqleḍ deg-i a yemma
Walaɣ ul-im amek yeččur
Tenniḍ-iyi kec a memmi
115
Ammud
D taḥbult n yirden mi tnur
Tewweṣaḍ- –iyi ɣef gma
Ad beddaɣ ɣer-s ad yemɣur
Ad tafaɣ ɣer tuyat-iw
Win ur nesii tagmat maḥqur
116
Ammud
Tiɣri n wegdud
Mkul agdud yaḥwaǧ tilelli
Mkul tilelli yaḥwaǧ lḥerma
Mkul lḥarma taḥwaǧ tadukli
Mkul tadukli teḥwaǧ lefhama
Tagini d tiɣri n wegdud
Yennen anda-t umur-iw
Xedmaɣ akal n lejdud
Ssweɣ-t ula s idammen-iw
Akufi akk d ucbayli
Azeka ad zmen fell-i
Ma nekreɣ tidiwin- –iw
Tagini d tiɣri imeɛnen
Zdat iwaɣzniwen
Summen-aɣ afud ur yuklal
Bḍan-aɣ am ibawen
Imi abrid n tlelli
I t-ineǧren d tadukli
Tezmer-as xas yessawen
117
Ammud
Asmi
Asmi akken id yenṭeq yiwen
Yesmar-d is-yellan deg wul
Tennam-as keč d amahbul
Wigi ad ak –rẓen acciwen
Ad bedden fell-ak deg yiḍ
Ad truḥeḍ ur k-yeẓer yiwen
Udem-ik leḥbab ad ten –iɣiḍ
Isem-ik yeɣbu gar yesmawen
£as ṭṭef imi-k am wiyiḍ
Ula i k-yewwin s asawen
Asmi d neṭqen di meyya
Nnan-as neɛa di dell
Tenna-m yeffeɣ-iten laɛqel
Wi d imṭṭurfa d aya
Atna msakit la ttargun
Ad bedlen liḥala ya
Liḥala kersen leǧnun
Ur as yezmir bu neyya
Deg yiwen wass ad ten-kfun
Ad dun deg yer tuzya
118
Ammud
Asmi ara-d yekker wegdud
Ad d –yini tura ad tbeddel
Ad rewlen at lbaṭel
Wid-ak iṛebban afud
Lemḥellat ad htutint
Liɛskar ad yeǧǧ lbaṛud
Tibbura n lḥebs ad d-llint
Aɛssas ad yereẓ leqyud
Ass -n ad d-teččar temdint
Imxatliyen ad ttin d ssyud
119
Ammud
Ay atmaten
Axxam wwten-t iɣisan
Izuyaḍ temṣeḍfaren
Ibardan ruḥen mxalfa
Mkul wa anida i t-iḍegren
Yal tama la d-tessawal
Agraw yemyarwal
Akraren la ṭṭafaren
Tamurt akal n tudert
D lmut i deg -s yefrurexen
Ar daxel i tewwet znezla
Tettawi amdan d isyaxen
Isuḍ waḍu di rreḥba
Teɣli-d rrehba
Imdanen teddun naxen
Idurar gren tiɣri
Anga llan widak urwen
Tufa –ten la ggaren aḍar
Gar ukessar d usawen
La ttraǧun ad yali wass
Kul wa ad yaf ayla-s
120
Ammud
Ad mwalin wudmawen
Anida
Anida llant tudrin
Yesfaḍen imeṭṭawen
Anida llan yexxamen
Yulin s ifassen ilmawen
Anida tella tewwurt
Iid- –itellin deg wudmawen
Anida tella tejmait
I deg atmaten d atmaten
Anida llan leɛwanṣar
Tibḥirin timzin irden
Anida llan iberddan
Yessefraḥen imsebriden
Anida llan isulas
Yeṭfen ixxamen n lejdud
Anida llan ikufan
Ayesnecraḥen leɛyud
Anida llan yecbuyla
Win s akken yecbeḥ waddud
Wnida yella wefzim
D uxelxal yewzen tikli
121
Ammud
Anida yella ubernus
Yerfan bab-is ma yeɣli
Anida llan iwaziwen
Yecnan ccna n tdukli
122
Ammud
Uccayen
Iḍelli mi d-yewweḍ yiḍ
Lmal yeɛlef yerra ifeẓ
Nadam yeɣli-d ɣer taddart
Yal amunan yettwarez
Ucen yesqarb -it-id laẓ
Yettxatal acu ara yɣeẓ
Yegra-d yiwen di tejmayiit
Iferɣ-as yiḍes iɛawez
Yendeh a taddart a lɣit
Tuzzel-d tenna-d ih ayen
Tazmert trennu tirrugza
Iɣallen ad d-sḥaḥayen
Uccayen imnayen
A ben yaɛqub atnayen
Yeṭṭef abrid-is ɣer teɣzut
Aqarru di tqelmunt-is
Iteddu yettargu tafsut
Ur yuki ara i yizamaren
Mi d-susfen di tagut
Nniɣ-as ḥeder a yamcum
123
Ammud
Yendeh a taddart a lɣit
Tuzzel-d tenna-d ih ayen
Tazmert trennu tirrugza
Iɣalen ad sḥaḥayen
Uccayen imnayen
A ben yaɛqub atnayen
Azekka ugdeɣ lewḥuc
Ad d- fɣen s amadaɣ deg uzal
Ad afen tagmat tewqeɛ
Taqbaylit ur tesɛi azal
Tiwwura n ddel ad llint
Ad aɣen amḍiq imedlal
Wa ad d- yeqqar a bbuh a nger
Wayeḍ yeqqar ṭṭes mazal
Ma yendeh yiwen a lɣit
ḥed ur d yeqqar ih ayen
Tagmat ad tečč tirugza
Abrid yenǧer i lɛarayen
Uccayen imnayen
A ben yaɛqub anda-ten
124
Ammud
Siḥ ay izri-w
Urgiɣ la ttsebire ul-iw
Rriɣ ṣber d arfiq-iw
A leḥbab-iw ay atma
Yejreḥ wul-iw
Siḥ ay iẓri-w
Deg genwan yexsef yitri-iw
Siḥ ay iẓri-w
ɣef nek ur nufi abrid-iw
Yiwen uẓar i ɣ-d isegmen
S ddaw yiṭij d usigna
Lliɛ seg wid iiezmen
Bniɣ-am ula d takana
Mi tsuɣ assif idammen
Rniɣ-d fell-am takna
Ula d widak-nni id turweḍ
Wwiɣ-am-ten gar ifassen
lin deg rebbi n tayeḍ
ɣileɣ d tin id yemma-tsen
Ur d-hessen mi tessawleḍ
Tasa-m tejreḥ fell-asen
125
Ammud
Asmi muqleɣ ddunit
Ufiɣ abrid –iw d ayla-m
Ass-agi lint-d wallen-iw
Imi i d-negra gar ifassen
Ttxil-m ṭfen afus-iw
Ad nsiwel i tarwa ad aɣ-selken
Sel-d ataizizt n wul-iw
Takna thegga-aɣ-d lekfen
126
Ammud
Nek ur ttarguɣ aggur
Simmal run llufanat
Qlil wid –isen-iselen
Simmal hudden llakulat
Iṭuqten-d iderɣalen
Simmal teǧlent lxalat
Neḥder i lḥeq mi t-meḍlen
Simmal azmumeg s tesweɛt
Bḍan wid yemyeḥmalen
Simmal tennuɣni tafat
Simmal imeṭṭawen flen
Simmal lward yettmettat
Amek ara cerhent wallen
Simmal selleɣ imelluẓa
Akk d yemmatin yettrun
Simmal times di tɣuzza
Telheb di tidi umeɣbun
Simmal llan imerẓa
La tmedduduɛen ula wumi ḥkun
Simmal gerrin imenza
Simmal semmeḍ lkanun
Simmal tagmatt twezzaɛ
127
Ammud
Simmal ifadden la rekkun
Simmal tasa atta tezza
Nekk ussan-iw ur zehun
Simmal akk tamurt tarɣa
Taɛwint n tuddert teqqur
Simmal nettayes ayen nebɣa
Tirga ruḥent ɣer lebḥur
Simmal leɛqel n laɣa
Yegra yettnadi abaɣur
Simmal ṛẓaget tufɣa
Iṣaḥaɣ-d wakal n lbur
Simmal tettaɛraq talɣa
Simmal ul yezga yeččur
Simmal amdan yettmenɣa
Nek ur targuɣ aggur
128
Ammud
Muqleɣ
Ur ẓriɣ ansi d-kkiɣ
Wala s anda tedduɣ
Mi kkreɣ ad steqsiɣ
Ad afeɣ liḥala tluɣ
Amzun seg yigenni i d- ɣliɣ
Ccah deg-i mi teṭṭuɣ
Beddeɣ di tiɣilt ssawleɣ
Mekneɣ lewhi-w ad sleɣ
Allaɣ la yettezi irenu
Tḍal-d lqebla i muqleɣ
Tamer-iyi-d tenna-k knu
Muqleɣ tamurt umaziɣ
Yugurten walaɣ udem-ik
Nnesma- –nni n wanda lliɣ
ḥulfeɣ tcewweq s yisem-ik
Tabrat-ik segmi itt-ɣriɣ
Ferḥeɣ mi lliɣ d mmi-k
129
Ammud
Mazal ad neɣz ad nmuqel
Ad nelḥu wa ad nesseqsi
Ulac tardast a nezgel
Ad d – nsiɣ tafat ma texsi
Ma nḍeggeɛ lkenz n leɛqel
Aneɣrum-is ula ansi
130
Ammud
Niɣ-ak sbaḥ lxir
Nniɣ-ak ṣbeḥ lxir
Nekki ḥesbeɣ-k am gma
Keččini teḥkiḍ i lɣir
Ḍrafa teqqel-iyi d ccama
Ziɣ win i ki ɣunzan axir
Imi ur teṣṣeneḍ i lḥerma
Tenniḍ ayen akken ur nelli
Armi iyi-tebɛen iḍudan
Tesṭuqteḍ lehḍur fell-i
Ttwaqeḍɛen –iyi iberdan
Tunfeḍ i webrid anaṣli
Ur tqudreḍ ayen i k-yexḍan
Yebda irfed tagarzet
Iheddar s tfenṭaẓit
Yenna-k teɣli-d twizet
Tɣat-iyi –d taṣebḥit
Anda telliḍ a tidett
Che-d felli sneḥcamit
Abeḥri yewwi-d lehḍur-ik
La qazen deg yimeẓuɣen-iw
Lexyal n lekdubat-ik
131
Ammud
Yegguma ad yexḍu later-iw
Tewwiḍ ddnub i yiri-k
A yugur n ddunit-iw
D iles-ik id yewwin lada
Ur tewẓineḍ imeslayen-ik
D acu tufiḍ d lfayda
Mi tzerɛeḍ lekdub-ik
Tsamṣeḍ-iyi isem-iw lebda
Terriḍ –iyi zzman berrik
132
Ammud
El muqrani
A win icarwen ddkir
Anida i kundin awri
Mi tekniḍ ɣer lqebla
Terr-ik-id lmut ɣef yiri
Memmi-k ibeddel tamurt
Ma d yelli-k tebra i lemri
A win icerwen ddkir
Anida i k-yeɣḍer yiḍeṣ
Mi teǧǧiḍ tamegḥelt-ik
Yuli-t ṣḍid tewlelles
Atmaten-ik mfaraqen
Tamurt-ik teqqim weḥdes
Awin icerwen ddkir
Anida ik-yeɣḍer laman
Mi teǧǧiḍ abeckiḍ- –ik
Yuli-t ṣḍiḍ n waman
Tuɣal-d tbarda i wemnay
Tamurt tbeddel imawlan
133
Ammud
A win icerwen ddkir
Teǧǧiḍ-d lweḥc i wexxam
Ufiɣ-d akk imdukal-ik
Sefḍen tidi s lekmam
Wa yenfa wayeḍ igguǧa
£ef tmurt yeɣli ṭṭlam
134
Ammud
Cfu ay ixef-iw
Cfu ay ixef-iw
Anida maren idamen-iw
Ay adrar bedd ad nwali
Baba izizen anda yeɣli
Gar was-agi d yeḍelli
Ay aḍu ṣfeḍ afraḍen
Feɣ tedyant icariḍen
Yuran ula ɣef yiblaḍen
Ay aggur erẓ-aɣ ṭṭlam
ɣef ugraw n lasumam
Wid-ak yessen anda tella-m
Ay iṭij ḍil-d ur tezzi
Cfu ɣef yebrir di tizi
Lǧerḥ ur neḥli i ttɣizi
Tura tezreɛ
Yiwen n wass ad temɣi
Ad truḥ tesweɛt
Ad d-tass tayeḍ
Yiwen n wass ad temɣi
Ad ɛeddin yemdanen
Ad d-asen wiyaḍ
135
Ammud
Tagrawla
Uḥeq igad iɛawzen
I lmarta acben
Lqum yellan yennekbal
Uḥeq igad ikerzen
Iwuḍan ɛawzen
At fexsa ččurent d akal
Uḥeq igad imegren
Timzin d yirden
Di tagara ččan akbal
Ad taḥluḍ si nalah
Uḥeq lḥeq yetmenɣan
£ef wakal yerɣan
Akken ad sersen lehna
Uḥeq lbaz gar yesɣan
Yeččan seg umerɣan
Zdat win ur nuklal yekna
Uḥeq sked ayen iɛeddan
D wayen yettumenan
Ad d ad kecmeɣ di lfetna
136
Ammud
Amɣar azemni
Izedɣen gar isaffen
Ttxil-k ma ur yi d-mliḍ
Adɣaɣ yiffen akk idɣaɣen
Nek yellan gar issafen
Gar yiẓra i rebbaɣ afud
£ur-i adɣaɣ yiffen idɣaɣen
D adɣaɣ yerfed bu leqyud
Yerẓa snasel is – t-cudden
Widak yessebraken leɛyud
A baba amɛar azemni
Izedɛen tiẓgi iluɣen
Txil-k ma ur d i-temliḍ
Asɣar yiffen akk isɣaren
Nek yelhan di teẓgi iluɣen
D nek i s – izedɣen tallemmast
£ur-i asɣar yifen isɣaren d
D asɣar is-id–nenǧer tarkast
Tarkast ubeckivḍ medlen
Widak igan i lǧur talast
137
Ammud
Yecfan i tsuta yefsan
Txil-k ma ur d i-temliḍ
Anwa id ass yifen akk ussan
Nek yecfan i tsuta yefsan
Cfiɣ i tmurt teḥreq
£ur-i ass yifen akk ussan
Ass mi ara yeḥkem lḥeq
Tasusmi ad as- ǧǧuǧgen wussan
Tidett ad as-yuɣal lmenṭeq
138
Ammud
Tajmilt-nwen
Ilmeẓyen d arraw n tmurt
Nettnadi tawwurt
Ur nelli d wid yettekan
Maci d ccwal i nebɣa
Nekni d lḥif nettmeẓra
Di tudert i nebɣa amkan
A yemma ddel deg uqelmun
A yemma abernus yettru
Yewweḍ tidi ɣer yeɣes
A yemma yexreb usefru
Kren-d ilmeẓyen rrfan
A yemma refden asafu
Tajmilt-nwen a yarac
Ahat ad nezdi aqaru
Ad tt-idnawi
Mulac aɣ-tt-awin
Times tuɣ di lekwaɣeḍ
A yemma meḍlen luma
139
Ammud
Lemxazen rẓan-d tiwwura
Yemma tban-d lḥecma
D azniq iyrefden awal
A yemma yexreb unejmuɛ
Tajmilt-nwen ay arrac
Ahat ad d- –tarem lḥarma
Deg izenqan yeḍbeɛ later
A yemma later iɣ-d-imalen
Mi nettu ad aɣ-dismekti
A yemma ad aɣ-d-illi allen
Wid yegganen ɣef ukersi
A yemma ansi ad slen
Tajmilt –nwen ay arac
D kenwi yesmaren idammen
£ef wemkan di tuddert
Ad tt-id-nawi
Mulac ad aɣ-ttawin
Mi tebɣa ad aɣ-tawi
Ma d nekni nugi
140
Ammud
Lezzayer
Di tejmaɛt yewwet ubeḥri
Yiwen ur d-igri
Siwa asqamu yeḥzen
Anda lan imusnawen –nni
Yeɣran di tferni
At wawal yebnan ɣef ṣṣeḥ
Mebla le ḥkem uǧadarmi
Ur ḥwagen larmi
Ferrun-tt s iɣimi
£ef tmurt ur nuklal
Ayen d-nniɣ drus
Asmi iɣ- ččant temdinin
Ur nufi timẓin
Asmi sedḍen imegran
Ugadeɣ ad mtent tudrin
S ddaw tmedlin
Ad qaren akk iẓuran
Uk a lezzayer aɛzizen
Maci d medden i kem-yewten
Tiẓgi tuɣ-d iɛerquben
141
Ammud
Tafsut temmuɣben
Yeɛreq webrid n tala
Anida llan iwaziwen
A ttemsawalen
Teksen lweḥc i lexla
Aman yellan s wayen
Ruḥen d isyaxen
Tamurt ur tban d ayla
142
Ammud
Yemma
Yemma
Liɣ tmerẓeɣ d gma
Mi rẓan fell-am lḥarma
Tassa tegzem
Amnar yezzem
Yekker yizem
Yenna :yemma yemma
Yemma
Liɣ turareɣ tiddas
Asmi id am-rẓan tilas
Yezri wurrar
Yefsi wemrar
Yendeh yudrar
Yenna:yemma yemma
Yemma
Kerfeɣ di tṣuret itezmen
Asmi id am-summen idammen
Tamzagt teccur
Ayeddid yeqqur
Amunan itur
Yenna :yemma yemma.
Yemma
Ksiɣ di teẓgi ifersen
143
Ammud
Asmi id am-cudden ifasen
Bḍant tmira
Imi ibrra
Tekmec lǧedra
Tenna:yemma yemma!
Yemma
Liɣ aqrru-w di lqaɛ
Asmi imefkan abeqqa
Siɣ ɣef waḥḍun
D tṣebḥit –iw d aldun
Lqarn n leqrun
Yenna:yemma yemma!
Yemma
Liɣ aqarru-w deg yigeni
Mi kem-gezren d tirni
Tɛedda tcallawt
Tassa tasellawt
Taɛya di temlawt
Yenna:yemma yemma !
Yemma
Ula d nekini
Akk am kemmini
£unzaɣ taguni
Awal ineqqen
144
Ammud
Ass-a ad t-i d –nini .
Montage poétique :yemma
Amacahu
Tamacahut tlul-d si tyita
Tiyita tesseneq-d tiɣri
Tiɣri tuɣal d meslay
Tamacahut tebda-d seg wawal Ikemnen deg wul
Awal iɛerḍen ad d- yeffeɣ
Yuɣal yebded deg yimi
Sseblaɛeɣ itran xeṣrent-iyi tirga
Tasusmi terna i tmeslayt ẓẓmik
Tameslayt teṭṭerḍeq tuɣal d asefru
Asefru n lebda
Win i d yennan tidett
Yeṭṭef aɛudiw ad yerwel
Yeṭṭef rruplan ad yerwel
Tarewla tarewla tarewla
Ar melmi ar melmi ar melmi
Ay atmaten i d –isellen
D ul-iw i yeflen
Mi d-ttciriɣ isefra
145
Ammud
Lehḍur ɣur yiles –iw uzzlen
Bbɣan ad d-mlen
Ayen i d iqarḥen merra
Yak tura leɛyub mlen
La ttwalint wallen
Tasusmi ur t-i d –tettara
Iles yettḥawal-itent
Aqarru yettaɣ-itent
Swiɣ itran s wuraw
Ulin-iyi-–d s aqarru
Yeɣli-d ɣef yiẓri-w calwaw
Ttwakeblaɣ deg wagu
Tasusmi-w teftek tignaw
Tiɣri-w tuɣal d asefru
Iles yettḥawal –itent
Rriɣ i yilles ṛṛezat
Heḍreɣ mi s-yimmec wayla
Ččiɣ times kuferreɣ
Ulwaɣ terkeb-iyi tawla
Mi i d-ayi i d yenser wawal
Nnan d asefru nlebla
146
Ammud
Iles uettḥawal-itent
Aqarru yettaɣ-iten
Mesleɣ-d awal iqerreḥ
Yeskaw deg yimi-w imetman
Ibedd-iyi di tbuḥcict
Ur yulli ur yudir i ban
Ma kemnaɣ-t ẓẓay fell-i
Ma briɣ-as-d ad yireẓ uglan
Ur znuzuɣ isefra
Akken ad d-aɣeɣ ṭṭunubilat
Ur znuzuɣ lqurɛan
Akken ad ssegnaɛ lxalat
Ur znuzuɣ ttawra
Akken ad bnuɣ ṣṣrayat
Win ur neqbiḥ
Laɛmer yerbiḥ
A yiles yellan d aksum
D acu i k-yerran d asennan
147
Ammud
A yiles yellan d aksum
Nek ad k-rreɣ d asennan
Tameslayt teṭṭerḍeq
Tuɣal d asefru
Tuɣal d isefra
Awal yeṭṭarḍeq
Ad yeffeɣ d tameqqunt n ijeǧǧigen
Ad yeffeɣ d azabuq n waḥlalas
Imal yeṭṭerḍeq
Yeffeɣ iruḥ wawal
Yessebɛed amecwar
Yerwel i tmuɣli
Iruḥ-aɣ wawal nuɣal neḍfer-it
Nruḥ ad nadi fell-as
La nettnadi awal gar iserdan n tira n iǧernanen
La t- nettnadi di tsusmi
La t-nettnadi di tmuɣli
Tikwal nettaf-it
Nettaf-it yemɣi
Nettaf-it iḍer
La inneq
148
Ammud
La iḥeggu
Yeṭṭes
Yuki
Nettaf-it yebded ɣef tewwurt at wexxam nnan-as
D acu i wumi yeẓmer usefru
Ad yerr awal d aḥlalas
Yal tiɣilt ad d-yettiẓẓif
Ad yeṭṭef afus sɣur tilas
Ad yerr aḥrarat d ukrif
Ad d-yessemɣi tisuqas
Ad yefk abeqqa i wungif
Ad yurar yes-neɣ tiddas
Ad yerr alemmas di rrif
Ad yerkeḍ merra tilas
Ad yekker i ugudu ad tisif
D acu wumi yezmer asefru
Ad d-yekkes ul si gar leqyud
Ad as-yegg afriwen n tagmat
Ad d-yerr aman di lbarud
Ad yernu ssem di tedwat
Ad d- yawi rriḥa n lejdud
D lbenna uyefk n tyemmat
Ad yekkes tuṭḍa i wegrud
149
Ammud
Ad iẓẓu inijjel di tqaɛet
Ad d-yerr tazmart i wafud
Ad yelḥu d tmusni izerreɛ-tt
D acu wumi yezmer usefru
Ad d- yekkes iṭṭij seg usigna
Yal tardast ad as-yeg aḥric
Ad yuqem amkan i takna
Ad ineɣ agdi s ttnefcic
Ad yefk i uzzeka lbenna
Ad iferḍ aḍar i wemcic
Ad yesmendeg i lfetna
Ad d- yesmekti alleb ur nenɣic
Ad yerr idles d lmuna
Bab-is ixebbec i ttkeric
Bu yiles medden akk ines
Win ḥemlen yakk medden
Deg-s ccek
Win kran yakk medden
Deg-s ccek
D iles-iw i d- yewwin lada
Buddeɣ ssif ad t-yegzem
Kulci yesɛa leḥdada
Yelha leqḍeɛ gar medden
150
Ammud
Wu ur neɣri di lmaɛrifa
Reglen fell-as yeḥbiben
Ttrebga
Nehhu
A weṣṣi
Abrid
Tufɣa n wubrid
Tuɣalin s abrid
Anjar n webrid
Ṭṭmeɛ
Annuz
Sebeṛ
Lmektub
D leḥram
D lɛib
D ddnub
D lwaǧeb
D ṣṣwab
Tilas tilas tilas
Tilas iwawal
Tilas i wḍar
Tilas i tmuɣli
D wigi i d imeslayen gar wiyaḍ
151
Ammud
D imselayen wumi selleɣ yalas
D imeslayen i deg d-tturebbaɣ
D imeslayen wumi selleɣ yal idis
D imeslayen iyi-d yefkan abeqqa
Abeqqa yellin allen –iw ɣur daxel
Lliɣ allen-iw ɣur daxel n yiman-iw
Nudaɣ ayen yellan deg-i
Ayen kemneɣ
Ayen i ɣef zedleɣ
Tamuɣli-w teslal-d deg-i nnfaq
Muqleɣ yekker-d deg-i nnfaq
Muqleɣ kkreɣ ɣur nnfaq
Muqleɣ wehmeɣ
Wehmeɣ seg win ur nettmuqul
Mi d-yenna seg wul
Ass-agi ata yelha lḥal
Wehmeɣ mi yendeh s ṛṛṣul
Yuẓẓam u yeẓẓul
Yeḍmeɛ di rebbi lmuḥal
Ma d nek wissen d amehbul
Neɣ zaden-iyi leɛqul
Xulfaɛ leɛbad s wacḥal
Lleh lleh deg yiles
152
Ammud
Ajenwi deg ufus-ines
Zgiɣ siiɣ ccek deg wid yemmalen abrid n lǧennet
Mmalen abrid n lǧennet di lawan i deg ttaran tudert d times
Uɣeɣ abrid-iw
Ḍegreɣ tamuɣli-w ɣer daxel
Ḍegreɣ tamuɣli-w ɣer tmurt
Ḍegreɣ tamuɣli-w ɣer tudert
Ḍegreɣ tamuɣli-w
Tamuɣli-w tezzi ɣer at wuddem-in
Tezzi ɣer at weddem-a
Tezzi ɣer lǧar
Tezzi s amdakel n lxedma
S amdakel n tikli
S amdakel n rekkba
Tezzi ɣer wid yettaɣen
Tezzi ɣer wid yeznuzuyen
Ttaɣen
Znuzuyen
Di tira
Deg imeslayen
Tezzi ɣer win iḍegren aqarruy-is s annar n wurar
Iḍeggar aqarru-is
Yewwi-d ticiret gar tuyat-is
153
Ammud
Tezzi ɣer tudert n wid d nekni nettemdeggar
Deg yiḍ
Deg wass
Yeffus
ẓelmeḍ
Zzat-neɣ
Deffir-neɣ
Tamuɣli tezzi sya wesya
Tezzi ɣer temlilit
Tezzi ɣer temliliyen
Amek telliḍ
Aqliyi labas
Acimi akka tekniḍ ?
Izad lweswas
Ansi d-tekkiḍ?
Seg yimi n lmektub
Sani akka telḥiḍ ?
S aɛebbuḍ n dnub
Melmi i d tuṣiḍ ?
Azekka lweqt-a
Wissen d acu-t wass-a ?
Ass-agi d wissen
Ihi i wseggas-a ?
154
Ammud
D lqern fessusen
D acu d tewwiḍ ?
D taɛkemt n leɣder
D acu i s –tesriḍ ?
Ad bnuɣ lequrṣur
Waqila teɣriḍ ?
£riɣ s tidett
Ihi d acu teẓriḍ ?
Anta taṣurett !
Iṣeḥḥa yeẓri-k ?
Ferẓeɣ yis-s aggur
Tejreḥ tefdent-ik !
Yewwet-iyi yugur
D acu it ɛelqeḍ ?
S tteṣbiḥ n tikci
Werɛa d tẓulleḍ
Ulac lɣaci
D acu tettwaliḍ ?
Ayen yellan merra
Ihi d acu tenniḍ ?
Ur yittari tmra
Aṭaṣ i telẓiḍ !
Nnudaɣ-d akk lberr
155
Ammud
Ihi d acu teẓriḍ ?
Ssdreɣ i cffer
D acu tettabaɛeḍ ?
Ala ticirett
Waqila txaqeḍ ?
La tnadiɣ kra
D acu-t ad ak-temleɣ ?
Ur ẓriɣ ara
Waqilla tnaɣeḍ !
Nnejlan s itran
I din taṛtaḥeḍ ?
Ur d iṣaḥ wemkan
Twalaḍ udem-ik ?
Ulaḥed lemri
Twalaḍ latter-ik ?
Yemmundel yeẓri-w
Anwa i d isem-ik ?
Isem-iw menwala
Anda i d axxam-ik ?
Di yal liḥala
Ddunit-agi taɛmer
Aw si ɛmer
Ɛiwed i laḥsab –ik yexṣer
156
Ammud
Aw si imer
Timliliyin
Taḍṣa yesruyen
Imeṭṭi yesruyen
Amesteqsi
Iɣeblan yeččuren ulawen
Labas yeččuren imawen
Amek tettiliḍ ?
Labas labas ḥemduleh
Ansa akka i d tekkiḍ ?
Kkiɣ-d si ssuq
Ayen ɣef nuddeɣ ur yelli
Ayen yellan ur d as-tezmir texriṭ
Yegra-iy-id kan ad d – areɣ aǧernan
Ad aɣ-yeṣṣerwu am nekk am at wexxam
Akka wala akter
Ad nini kan labas labas
Amek llan wat wexxam ?
Tameṭṭut ḥaca-k texṣer-as-d tadist
Farten-tt nɣan-tt-id si ṣbiṭar
Labas labas
Ddurt i d iteddun ad d-ɛiwdeɣ tayeḍ
Amek lan warrac ?
157
Ammud
Ha tna simmal la rennun di leqraya
Simmal ferqen iberdan-neɣ
Wa ur ifehem wa
Labas labas
Cwi kan ameqran ,ameqran –nni sufɣen-t-id si lakul
Aqli la s-ttnadiɣ amḍiq
Ur ẓriɣ sani ad t-rreɣ
Ma yella d amecṭuḥ-nni ur s-d-ufiɣ ara amkan di lakul
Amek tella yelli-k ?
Tehlek xeṣrent-as tirga
Iṭbib yenna : yewwet-itt lehlak n tmeṭṭut
Ccix yenna :wten-tt leǧnun n lqern rbeɛṭac
Ma d memmi-s yenna : yewwet-itt lqanun n tmeṭṭut
Labas labas
Ar timlilit ɣas kkes aɣbel
Ar timlilit
Ata yusa-d wayeḍ
Amek telliḍ ?
Aqli am win i d iččuren axxam
Yeɛreq uḍebber uqrru
Tifucal akk iɣalen-iw
Ttawun-d meyya duru
Mi xelṣen tabaṭaṭat
158
Ammud
Aɣrum illaq s berru
Amek telliḍ ?
Aqli am win i d yeččuren axxam
Ur yufi ansi ara ad yenbaḍ
Mi dduɣeɣ tiserwula
Ad trun ɣef ṣṣebaḍ
Mi kseɣ fell-asen leẓfa
£ef tserwula yeqqel-d laɛyaḍ
Amek telliḍ ?
Aqli am win i d-yeččuren
Sgamiɣ-d i yimaniw allen
Ma yella tella lɣella
Ufiɣ tuyat d iɣalen
Al ma ad yili di ɣurar
Aɛebbuḍ deg-s ssumlen
Amek telliḍ ?
Aqli am win i d –iččuren axxam
Leḥyuḍ kul ass la t-ḥerṣen
Nek d yiɣardayen nettnaɣ
Wwiɣ tamezduɣt-nsen
Yal aṭṭan yedla-d fell-aɣ
Ǧiɣ axxam imurḍuṣen
Amek tellivḍ ?
159
Ammud
Aqli am win i d-iččuren axxam
Yectaq tiqit n tafat
La yettwali deg walebɛaḍ
Ayen i ɣer yedla yufa-t
Ma d netta zdat-s tekkaw
Ula d lmut tɣunfa-t
Amek telliḍ ?
Aqli am win yeččuren axxam
La yettraǧu di lmektub
Yurǧa seg wasmi i d illul
Ar tewser mazal-t i d nnub
Mi i d ussan ad as – cehden
Yenna-asen ddreɣ d ameslub
Rebbi yella-aɣ lmut
Ma d nekkni nela-yas lqut
Ddewla tewwi tasarut
Gar iffasen –is tɛelleq lqut
Win wumi telli tawwurt
Ad d-yesseɣḍel fell-aɣ tawwut
Amdan yetti d azrem
Yettel ɣef tewwurt
Tawwurt ara ad d t–yawin ɣer leḥkum
Wa la iteddu s ddaw tmurt
160
Ammud
Wa la iteddu s nnig tmurt
Wa la iteddu s d ddaw webrid
Wa la ileḥu di ṭṭlam
Wa la ileḥḥu s ddaw tecḍaṭ
Ufiɣ azrem deg webrid
Yerḥat uṣṣemmiḍ
Iɣaḍ -iyi ad as kemleɣ
Jemɛeɣ-t-id rriɣ-t ɣer lǧib
Ɛuddeɣ d lxir i xedmaɣ
Mi d-yekker la yettjelib
Yeqqar-iyi ad ak-nɣeɣ
A tna- da
A tna-din
Zgan tezzin fell-anaɣ
D atmaten
Atmaten yettawin aṭeẓḍam-nsen deg wul
Atmaten yettawin ul-nsen deg uṭeẓẓdam
Muqel-iten
Wilan-ten
Zgan tezzin fell-aneɣ
Ɛencen ɣef ikersiten-nsen
Selt-asen
La katen afus
161
Ammud
Ɛemren ssuq
Ssuq ilem yerra-d ssut
Kkaten s rrkel
Snegren tamurt
Ass-a ad ak-fken afus
Azzeka ad fken deg-k afus
A tna- da
A tna-din
Muqlet muqlet
Muqlet akken la itellef
S akarsi ad t-yeṭṭef
Muqlet-t aken la yettɣiḍ
Muqlet muqlet
Di yal lmedwed yeɛlef
Yeɣli yaḥnunef
£ur-s yemmcubak yiḍ
Muqlet muqlet
Win id yemlal ad t- tiṭerref
Ma yufa-t ad t-yezlef
Yexnunes am yer čeṭṭiḍ
Muqlet muqlet muqlet
Muqlet yecca deg rebbi-s
162
Ammud
Yeɛlef ajlal-is
Muqlet akken yexnunes
Muqlet muqlet muqlet
Muqlet amek yerkeḍ isem-is
Yegla s uẓar-is
Muqlet amek yeqim waḥdes
Muqlet muqlet
Muqlet ddel amek ɣef wudem-is
Yessader isem-is
Ṭṭmeɛ anda it –yeṣṣaweḍ
Yezmer ad izenz yemma-s
Ad yennu weltma-s
Ad yernu ṭrika n jeddi-s
Yezmer ad ineɣ bab-as
Ad iɛelleq gma-s
Ad yessarɣ akk xwali-s
Yezmer ad yettu ayla-s
Ad yemḥu lǧarra-s
Ad yenker merr later-is
Muqlet muqlet
Muqlet la yettak yefus ẓelmeḍ
Am uzrem imnenneḍ
163
Ammud
Win yewɛa ad tt-iktil
Muqlet muqlet
Mi yesla awal ad t-yelqeḍ
D umatu ad t-yessiweḍ
Si tɣemmar i d yettxitil
Muqlet muqlet
Ma yewɛa ad k-yezlu mesyed
Lmus deg-k ad t-yeṣfeḍ
Yedhec ɣef ukersi aḥlil
Win i d yeqqaren lehdur yecban wigi
Deg-s ccek
Atta teqreṣ da
Azekka ad nejmaɛen
Ad as-aren tafawet
Atta teqerṣ-da
Azekka ad nejmaɛen
Ad as-rren tafawet
Ur ttagad teshel taluft
Ad as-xedmen ddusi
Ad as-bernen tiyersi
S lxuṭbat ad ssexsin timess
Tekker tazla
164
Ammud
Tazla s amkan n zdat
£ur zdat akken ad yesred lebla niḍen
£er zdat ad iḥaz ṭṭunubil niḍen
Tekker tazzla
Tekkar tazzla
Anda sarsen afus
£lin-d iɣurar
Kawent laɛwanṣar
Anda sarsen afus
Anda sarsen afus ad d-ǧǧen ilem
Da ɣef wudem n tawra
Da ɣef wudem n ddin
Da ɣef wudem nccuhada
Da ɣef wudem n lictirakiya
Tekkar tazla
Ar melmi ar melmi
Ar melmi ar melmi
La tettrebiḍ aḥelqum
La tettsunuḍ aɛebbuḍ
S tidiwin teččiḍḍ aksum
Tegliḍ ula s tbelluḍt
Ar melmi ara yeṭṭes lqum
165
Ammud
Ar melmi ara k-tdum teɣruṭ
Amek ass-a tzedɣeḍ leɛli
Nekk zedɣeɣ tizi yexlan
Yak nemyusan iḍelli
Iḍelli kan a si flan
Yak telliḍ d aẓawali
Am nek leǧyub –ik xlan
Tarwak ruḥen ɣer leqraya
Arraw-iw ruḥen ad ksen
Xuḍi iṭij n lḥuriya
D nek i t- id yessasen
Ar melmi ara ad idum waya
Ara yiliɣ deg wid yuysen
Idamen-iw asmi uzlen
Sswen tamurt n lejdud
Kec tɣabed gar walen
Iṭṭlam tettrebiḍ afud
Ass-a imi iɣalen –iw feclen
D kec i nɣar di laɛyud
Ttfurṣeḍ tagnit n lwed
Seg wass-ik teqleḍ d adɣer
Tzedɣeḍ tiyarsi ugellid
166
Ammud
Teswiḍ idamen -is s nxer
Yerna tettruḍ am ugujil
Teqqareḍ ixuṣ-iyi zher
A tnaya fflen-d iɣuraf
Seg idurar i d-ḥlellin
Qeṣden-d imleɛb imayaf
£ef wedrar ukud i s-ɣlin
Ad iruḥ am yer xalaf
Ad d- yali iṭij yeɣlin
Sidi qala yenna gar wayen yenna
D acu izedɣen lewɛur
D lbaẓ akk d umiɛruf
D acu izedɣen lɣaba
D izem akk d uḥelluf
D acu izedɣen tudrin
D uḥdiq akk d wengif
Ttxil-k a lbaz
Ur iyi –ttaǧǧa s amiɛruf
A yizem
Ur iyi- –ttaǧǧa s aḥelluf
A yuḥdiq ur yi- –ttaǧǧa s ungif
Nniɣ-awen :aneft-iyi ad d-iniɣ awal
167
Ammud
Tennam –iyi ulamek ad ak-nefk awal
Tefkam –iyi –d urawen n ṣṣber
Nniɣ-awen aneft-iyi ad aruɣ taluft –iw
Tennam-iyi ur xuṣṣent ara tlufa
Tmeknem –iyi –d lmektub
Nniɣ-awen aneft-iyi ad d-sekneɣ udem-iw
Tennam-iyi tesɛiḍ aṭas n wudmawen
Tḍeggerm-iyi deg yifran n lbiruwat
Tḍeggerm-iyi gar izuran n leǧmayeɛat
Tennem-iyi rǧu ad d- nennejmaɛ
Tennejmaɛem
Ternam tennejmaɛem
Tennam-iyi arǧu azekka
Urǧiɣ azekka
Yuɣal d ass-a
Yuɣal d iḍelli
Ussan la tɛeddin
Kunwi teṭṭfen deg yiwen wawal
Arǧu azekka
Nezzi i wawal
Nuɣal-d ɣer din
Nniɣ-awen
168
Ammud
Tennam-iyi
Nniɣ-awen
Tennam-iyi
Nuɣal -d ɣer din
Tḥewṣem tafat
Tmecḥem tabaqit
Tewwim-iyi –d taswaɛt
Ternam tasurit
Tennam-iyi ṣber ass-a
Azekka rebbi ad d-iwali
Fell-awen azekka d ass-a
Ma fell-i ass-a d iḍelli
Am wass-a am yiḍelli
Nek ɣer-wen d akli
Cerweɣ tidiwin
Teswam-tent i tili
Tenna-iyi ṣber ass-a
Azekka rebbi ad d-iwali
Irgem i yumi slliɣ ass-a
Sliɣ -as ula iḍelli
Tḥewṣem aɣnib
Ternam asawaḍ
169
Ammud
Tkeblem aḥbib
Tesqaḍem aseqqaḍ
Tennam-iyi rǧu lmektub
Yiwen n wass ad d-yedlu ɣur-k
Ma fll-i yugi ad inub
Fella-awen yefka-d s werrek
Yefka-d s werrek
Kkreɣ s aɛrak
Mi i d yewwa weɣrum
Tennam tura ssek
Tennam-iyi rǧi lmektub
Yiwen n wass ad d-yedlu ɣur-k
Kunwi teccurem leǧyub
Ma dfell-i mazal-t teẓmek
Fell-i mazal-t teẓmek
Di laɛnaya-k ma ur yi- d wwiḍ yiwwen n ccḍeḥ
Tiwen n wass deg wussan
Walaɣ ṭeṣwira-neɣ
Tuɣ iberdan ttaɣen
Tuɣ laḥyuḍ t-magaraɣ
Tuɣ tirga i deg ttinigeɣ
Walaɣ teṣwira-neɣ
170
Ammud
D amdan am nek am kunwi
Yeḥmed deg yiman-is
La itezzi la iteneḍ
Am tzizwit tadarɣalt
Yezzi yenneḍ
Yuɣal yeqqim
Yeqqim i yeḍarren-is
Yeqqim-asen yečča-ten
Iḍaren ur neṣṣawaḍ
Xas ečč-iten
Iɣalen ur nestenfeɛ
Imuqqel yefus
Imuqqel ẓelmeḍ
Ur yufi d acu ara yexdem s iɣalen-is
Yezzi fell-asen yeččaten
Iɣalen ur nestenfaɛ
Xas ečč-iten
Yegra-d din d aqejmur
Mebla iḍaren
Mebla iɣalen
Imuqel reɣ zdat
Imuqel ɣer deffir
171
Ammud
Isla i wul-is mazal-it la iḥebek
Yemmeɣ iqeli-it-id
Yeččat
Ul ur nezmir ad yecfu ɣef wayen iɛeddan
Ad yecfu ɣef tewliwin yezrin
Ul ur nezmir ad yezwir i wayen i d-iteddun
Xas ečč-it
Yegra-d din d aqejmur
Ur nesɛi ara deg wul
Imuqel s igenni
Imuqel ɣer tmurt
Yesla i tasa-s tergagi –d
Yemmeɣ iqeleɛ-itt-id yečca-tt
Tasa yettargigin deg uqejmur
Xas ečč-itt
Yečča iḍarren -–is
Yečča iɣallen-is
Yečča ul-is
Yečca tasa-s
Yečcaafwad-is
Yečča aksum-is
Yečča
172
Ammud
Yečča
Yečča armi i d yegra siwa uqqeru-is
Aqarru-ni ur nettaɣ awal
Rewleɣ si ṭteṣwira-w
Akken i d rewlen
Akken tellam si tteṣwira nni-nwen
Akken nella
Nugad ad d-nemlil d yiman-nneɣ
D yiman-nwen
Ay tugadem ad d- temlilem
D yiman-nwen
Ay tugadem ad d-temlilem
Ruḥ agma ddu d webrid-ik
Aqarru-ik di tcacit-ik
Ddu s anda susmen lekwaɣeḍ
Ddu s anda kkawen idammen
Ddu s anda zzuzunen yizan
Ddu s anda yellexs lbarud
Ddu s anga slufuyen i yimeslayen
Ruḥ a gma
Ruḥ a gma
Ruḥ a gma ṭṭef abrid –ik
173
Ammud
Anef-iyi ad ṭṭfeɣ abrid –iw
Ruḥ a gma
Ruḥ a gma
Ruḥ s anga ad d-temlileḍ d yiman –ik
Ma yella d nekkini
£as ad awḍeɣ lqifar
£as lekwaɣeḍ ad ssusmen
£as qureɛn-iyi tiɣemmar
£as ad kawen idammen
£as gmiɣ am yer aṣɣar
£as ma ur ẓerreɣ wid yesnen
£as ad zmumgeɣ i lǧar
£as ma ḥemleɣ idrimen
£as lḥiɣ d yir qḍar
£as izan ad fell-i nḍen
£as ǧǧiɣ iffud uẓar
£as snusuɣ inebgawen
£as di cetwa iṭij yesreɣ
£as ma ulac wa yeẓẓiẓinen
£as ad ttuɣ abiṣar
£as kniɣ i yemeslayen
174
Ammud
£as grarbeɣ-d seg wedrar
Ur ttuɣ tin iyi-id yurwen
D uccewiq iyi zzuznen
Asif ad iruḥ ad iruḥ
Ad yuɣal ɣer lḥed- –is
Sukkeɣ tiṭ ɣer deffir
£er yiḍelli
£er umezruy
Sukkeɣ tiṭ ɣer deffir
Mugren-iyi-d idammen
Yal tardas n tmurt-iw
Tenṭeq-d deg-s tezweɣ
Tezweɣ idammen
Idammen
Iṭlam
Tixnanasin
Tikerkas
Lexdeɛ
Leɣder
Sukeɣ tiṭ s iḍelli
Ufiɣ ḥenken –as lebsa n wass-a
Lumaɛna a yatmaten ur ṣbireɣ ara
Sɣerṣeɣ lerbug
175
Ammud
Sukeɣ tiṭ s iḍelli
Kkseɣ-as leḥnuk
Kkseɣ-as aḥayek
Ǧǧiɣ-t ɛaryan
Ǧǧiɣ-t ɛaryan axater amezruy ileḥḥu ɛeryan ay atmaten
Ger tssusmi akk d regmat
Yakk d webran n wawal n tidett
Ilaq-–aɣ ad nefren tabrat
Tabratt n wul i wulawen
Tabrat n yiẓuran d i xalafen
Sukkeɣ tiṭ ɣer yiḍelli
Temmuger-iyi-d tsusmi
Sɣezleɣ tamuɣli
Sliɣ i wawal
Awal id icargen leqrun
Sɣezleɣ tamuɣli
Sliɣ i yisem
Yugurten
Sliɣ i yisem nniḍen
Buxus
Sliɣ i yisem nniḍen
Rran -iyi amezruy d anner i deg la cceṭḥen yismawen
Masinisa
176
Ammud
Yugurten
Takfarinas
Kusayla
Kahina
Ɛuqba
Tariq bnu ziyad
Ibnu tumer
Iben xeldun
Lamir abdlqader
Lmeqrani
Ccix aḥeddad
Buɛmama
Rran –iyi amezruy d annar i deg la ceṭḥen yismawen
Sukkeɣ tiṭ s yiḍelli
Kseɣ -as taduli
Nudaɣ lemri i deg ara demlileɣ d yiman-iw
Muqlet
Muqlet
Muqlet ɣer wudmawen yettwaneṭlen
Twaneṭlent berdayen
Asmi muten
D wasmi i t nettun
Slet
177
Ammud
Slet i tiɣriwin
Yestaqfen nnefs
D iman-nwen
Ay tugadem ad d-temlilem
Zziɣ tamuɣli-w s amezruy i deg ceṭḥen yismawen
Zziɣ tamuɣli-w ɣer umezruy i deg i d-neṭqen yismawen
Muqleɣ
Muqleɣ
Muqleɣ tamurt n umaziɣ
Yugurten walaɣ udem-ik
Nnesma –nni n wanda lliɣ
ḥulfeɣ tcewweq s yisem-ik
Tabrat-ik seg-mi i tt-ɣriɣ
Ferḥeɣ mi lliɣ d mmi-k
A win i s –nefrez deg yiḍ
Ay aggur mi d- yeflali
Talaba- nni i d aɣ -d –tezḍiḍ
Yelsa-t win yellan d anaṣli
Win itebɛen lewsaya i ɣ-d-teǧiḍ
Lhiba ɣef wudem-is tuli
Tenniḍ ur qebleɣ lqid
Axir taruẓi kennu
Ur nesraḥ tnejreḍ abrid
178
Ammud
A mmi-s n umaziɣ lḥu
Asmi truḥeḍ tettweṣṣiḍ
Mtyif lmut azaglu
Tenniḍ ili-k d arggaz
Tirugzza d ayla n laṣel-ik
£ur-k ddel anda ik-yettḥaz
£ur yizem awi-d tissas-ik
Tenniḍ wa d cerḥ n lɛez
Cfu
Cfu
Cfu amaziɣ d jeddi-k
Wagi wagi d iidawen n ttarwa
Yakk d lḥukuma
Iban iban
Ulac din cek
Masinisa yemmut asmi akken
lafrik teffeɣ deg ifassen n yifriqiyen
Yugurten yemmut asmi akken
akersi yesderɣel iẓri n buxus
Takfarinas yemmut asmi akken
amsedrar yeffeɣ taddart
Icelleḥ ul-is ifeser-it di luḍa
Kusayla yemmut asmi akken
179
Ammud
tamart yeɣman s lḥenni
Temɣi-d ɣef tamart yeɣbubzen deg idammen
Kahina temmut asmi akken
teǧǧa tɛedda zdat-s teḥbult n weɣrum
Taḥbult i deg tedda tebrat n lexdaɛ
Tabrat n tariq bnu ziyad
Lmut teǧǧa-d ismawen la ceṭḥen
deg wennar n umezruy
Bururu yenɣa yemma-s
Yuɣal yettru fell-as
Ur ẓriɣ ansi d-kkiɣ
Wala s anda tedduɣ
Mi kreɣ ad steqsiɣ
Ad afeɛ liḥala tluɣ
Amzun deg igenni i d ɣliɣ
ccah deg-i mi tettuɣ
Beddeɣ di tizi sawleɣ
Mekkneɣ lewhi-w ad sleɣ
Allaɣ allaɣ la itezzi irennu
Tḍal-d lqebla imuqleɣ
Tammer-iyi-d tenna-k knu
Ttuɣ ula d iḍelli
180
Ammud
Zgiɣ sseɣzafeɣ uḍan
£as d iṭij ruḥeɣ ɣer tili
Igellafen zgan bḍan
Leɛmer leqmeɣ tadukli
Menwala iḍebber fell-i
Amzun ur zmireɣ i rray
£as ma ḥemkeɣ tilelli
Lmaɛun yezga-iyi-d ẓẓay
Nemyaḥwaṣ taduli
Tṣaḥ-iyi-d timi n wuccay
ǦǦiɣ tawwurt tebrareḥ
Axxam ttin-t iẓuyaḍ
Lbaḍna-w teffeɣ tmerreḥ
Unffaɣ-as tedda d wiyaḍ
Mi tent-id tewwi d ddeḥ
Rewleɣ ɣer tizi ucelyaḍ
Wi yebɣun yekcem
Wi yebɣun yeffeɣ
Nek ɣur-i kan yiwen nwuɣbel
Aɣbel-iw deg-s tlata leḥwayeǧ ‘villa’ ‘hudna’ ‘u blanda’
Tatut tesderɣil
Tiderɣelt tneq
Tatut tesderɣil
181
Ammud
Leḥḥuɣ tmaleɣ
Leḥḥuɣ s derdufeɣ
Iẓri-iw yemṣeɣ tannumi d ṭṭlam
Timesliwt-iw temseɣ tannumi d susmi
Bdiɣ la selleɣ i tsusmi
Yal tardast n webrid
Yal abrid
Yal ayen yettembiwilen
Yal ayen yettbanen
Yal ayen yegman
Yal ayen i deg tezreɛ tarwiḥt
Anida ddiɣ
Ad d-tenṭeq ɣur-i lbaḍna
Lbaḍna n tmurt-iw
Akal
Iẓra
Aman
Isegma
Lbaḍna tessawel i tayeḍ
Icerriḍen
Ṭṭasili
Sirta
Leɛzib n ẓaɛmum
182
Ammud
Leɛqed n tafna
Akfadu
Mcunec
Timgad
Mettiǧet
Suq hras
£erdaya
Lbaḍna tessawal i tayeḍ
30 /56 /71/45/54/62/65/79/80
Si muḥ wemḥend yeggulen ad yerreẓ wala ad yeknu
Yusef uqasi icewqen ɣef zzbṛan gar yeṭṭisen
Arezqi lbacir iqeḍɛen i lqeyyad ssuq
Ccix muḥend welḥusin iferrun timegraḍ s yiles
Lbaḍna tessawel i tayeḍ
Leḥḥuɣ leḥḥuɣ
Leḥḥuɣ ugadeɣ ineɣluyen
Tnadiɣ ɣef tmisit
Nnan nadi deg umezruy
Anida yella enɣ -it
ṛwiɣ aṣubbu d walluy
Aziɣ tewɛer tnaṣlit
Steqsaɣ acḥal n lekdub
Yemxalaf wayen i d-heddren
183
Ammud
Texleḍ tidett gar lekdub
Nniɣ ay ul-iw ffren
Ufiɣ gar lecyax d llqub
Yeɛreq webrid ara ḍefren
ṚṚuḥeɣ s teqsayeɣ idurar
Di tɣaltin beddeɣ-asen
Nnan-iyi-d nekmen lesrar
Iya nadi fell-asen
Nrebba-d acḥal nwar
Aqla-ɣ la nḥerrez later-nsen
ḍefraɣ lewhi n lǧerra
Ma ad afeɣ ayen yellan yermel
Steqsaɣ akal yeẓra
S anga wteɣ tidett tenṭel
Si lecḍuḍ ɣer ṣṣaḥra
Ddiɣ am yifis ar qabel
Mazal ad nɣez ad nmuqel
Ad nelḥu wa ad nesteqsi
Ad nadi lǧarra n laṣel
Ad nsiɣ tafat ma texsi
Ma nḍeggar lkenz n leɛqel
Aneɣrum-is ula ansi
Anda teɣzeḍ
184
Ammud
Ad d-teskefleḍ lehlak i wul
Uɣal s ijeǧǧigen
Uɣal s aman yesregrugen
Uɣal s ifrax yeslebḍucen
Uɣal s itran yettfiǧiǧǧen
Amek ara waliɣ ijeǧǧigen
Di tmurt ččan iɣurar
Amek ara sleɣ i waman yesregrugen
Di tmurt yettruḥun d isyaxen
Amek ara ḥesseɣ i yefrax yeslebḍucen
Di tmurt i deg yettṣifir waḍu n tisselbi
Amek ara tezhuḍ d yitran yettfiǧǧiǧen
Di tmurt i deg yemmundel yiṭij
Awi-d awi-d
Tabyirt tassemaḍt
Leqrun mṣeḍfaren
Tisuta ttemṣeḍfarent
Tamurt mazal -it d tanqelt n webrid
Win iɛeddan ad ixerref
Win iɛeddan ad ixerref
Lebḥer iḍegger-d
Ccerq iḍegger-d
Win iɛeddan ad nejmaɛ leɛyub-is
185
Ammud
Annar n wurar yuɣal d annar n tisselbi
Annar n tmeɣriwin yuɣal d annar n imenɣan
Annar n temliliyin yuɣal d annar n faruq
Yusef uqasi yenna gar wayen yenna :
A leḥmam ad k-nceyyeɛ
Neqqel deg ifer-ik ɛjel
£er yizwawen arraw n sbeɛ
Hder siwel
Weṣṣi-ten ɣef tegmat
Win iɛaran wayeḍ ad tidel
Awi yufan bu ccnaya
Ad as-imel
Lḥif n tegmat yewɛer
Yessarwat ddel
Iɛdawen ad ḍebbren fell-as
Ad fell-as sewqen yedder .
Si tsuts ɣer tayeḍ
Si lɛarc ɣer wayeḍ
Seg wedrum ɣer wayeḍ
Seg wexxam ɣer wayeḍ
Si temdint ɣer tayeḍ
Si luḍa ɣer tayeḍ
S idurar
186
Ammud
Seg wedrar ɣer wayeḍ
Si luḍa ɣer tayeḍ
Nettruḥu si tdukli ɣer faruq
Si faruq ɣer tidukli
Faruq
Tidukli
Tidukli
Faruq
Seddaw tecḍaṭ n ubarrani
Mi nemlal ad aɣ-bḍun
Mi d aɣ -bḍan ad nemlil
Tikwal ad aɣ-iluv waḥbun
Neddukul d wid ur neḥmi
Tkwal yettizdig wumdun
Lferḥ igem yettkemmil
Mkul mi ara neddukel
Tasekurt ifarruǧen
Nkess di teɣza nettkel
Uḍan ad ttfeǧiǧen
Ad d-asen iguder s asfel
Mi ɣ-sḥaḥin ad aɣ-ǧǧen
Mi d aɣ-sḥahin ad nruḥ
Aferuǧ yettu yemma-s
187
Ammud
Nbeṭṭu am ibawen ɣef lluḥ
Ḥedd ur yettaɛqal gma-s
Mi nesraḥ furaq ifuḥ
Kul wa ad inadi ɣef wayla-s
Mi nemlal ad nebnu lɛecc
Ifaruǧen yakk dhan
Gar- aneɣ tismin ulac
D nnuba n wessan yelhan
Mi nedfeɛ ad nettemyexbac
Ad lethin fell-aɛ yiḍan
Win yeqqes wezrem
Yettagad asaɣen
Yeqqes-aɣ wezrem
Yeqqsaɣ wezrem
Yeqqen-aɣ useɣen
Muqelɣ s iḍelli
Muqleɣ s ass-agi
Nedheɣ
Nedheɣ
Yemma
Yemma
Lliɣ tmezraɣ d gma
Mi rzan fell-am lḥerma
188
Ammud
Tasa tegzem
Amnar yezzem
Yekker yizem
Yenna : yemma yemma
Yemma
Lliɣ tturareɣ tiddas
Asmi id am-rẓan tilas
Yezri wurar yefsi wemrar
Yendeh wedrar
Yenna : yemma yemma
Yemma
Kerfeɣ di tẓurett itezmen
Asmi d amsumen idammen
Tamaẓagt teččur
Ayeddid yeqqur
Amunan itur
Yenna : yemma yemma
Yemma
Ksiɣ di teẓgi ifersen
Asmi id am-cudden ifassen
Bḍant tmira
Imi iberra
Tekmec lǧedra
189
Ammud
Tenna : yemma yemma !
Yemma
Lliɣ aqarru-iw di lqaɛa
Asmi id am-fkan abeqqa
Lqerun n leqrun
Yemna : yamma yemma
Yemma
Lliɣ aqarru-iw deg genni
Mi ikem- gezren d tirni
Tasa tasellawt
Teɛya di tmellawt
Tenna : yemma yemma
Yemma
Ula d nekkini
Akk am kemmini
£unzaɣ taguni
Awal ineqqen
Ass-a ad t-id nini !
190
Tiɣbula
191
Idlisen yettwasqedcen
I-S tmaziɣt .
1. Abdelli ,(s),Tidwirin ,Ammud isefra ,Ed, Asqammu Unnig n Timuzɣa ,2009.
2- Ḥamri ,(DJ),Anadi di tmedyazt « tasleḍt n usefru udyiz n teqbaylit »,Asqammu Unnig n
Timuzɣa ,2007.
II-S tefransist .
1- Ben Brahim,(M), « La poésie orale kabyle de la résistance »,In littérature orale ,1979.
2- Chaker,( S), Hommes et femmes de kabylie ,Tom 1, Ed ,Ina-yas,Edisud,2001.
3- Dessons, (G) ,Introduction à l’analyse des poèmes ,Bordas ,Paris ,1981.
4- El Moudjahid ,(H) , « L’expressions de l’identité dans la poésie berbére ,moderne »,in, Awal n8
,1991.
5- DJellaoui , (M),L’image poetique dans l’ouvre de Lounis Ait Mangullet de patrimoine à
l’innovation, Ed Bab Ezzouar ,Alger ,2003.
6-Jaffer , (J),« Les vers et le poème » ,Ed ,Nalban ,1984.
7- Joubert , (J.L),La poésie,3eme édition Armand –Colin ,Paris ,2006.
8- Mammeri ,(M) , « Problème de prosodie berbère » Culture savantes ,culture vécue, Ed
Tala,Alger,1991 .
9 –Nacib ,(Y), « Anthologie de la poésie kabyle »,Ed Andalouses ,Alger ,1993.
10- Nacib ,(Y),« Sliman Azem le poéte », Ed ,Ziryab ,2011.
11- Turiel , (F),L’analyse littéraire de la poésie ,Ed ,Armand-Colin ,2011.
12-Yacine, ( T) , « Ait Mangullet chante » Ed Bouchéne ,Awal ,Alger , 1990.
III-S taɛrabt .
.1970،(2:‫)ط‬،‫ﻣﻛﺗﺑﺔ اﻻﻧﺣو اﻟﻣﺻرﯾﺔ اﻟﻘﺎھرة‬، ‫اﻟﺗﯾﺎرات اﻟﻣﻌﺎﺻرة ﻓﻲ اﻟﻧﻘد اﻷدﺑﻲ‬، ‫ﺑدوي طﺑﺎ ﻧﺔ‬-1
2008.،MPK، 2007 ‫اﻟﻲ‬1967 ‫ ﻟوﻧﯾس اﯾت ﻣﻧﻘﻼت ﺷﻌر واﻓﻛﺎر ﻣن‬،‫ﺑﻠﻘﺎﺳم ﺳﻌدوﻧﻲ‬-2
2005. ،‫دار اﻟﻛﺗﺎب اﻟﺣدﯾث‬، ‫اﻟﺷﻌر اﻟﻌرﺑﻲ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻌﺻر اﻟﺣدﯾث‬، ‫ ﺻﻼح اﻟدﯾن ﻣﺣﻣد ﻋﺑد اﻟﺗواب‬-3
‫اﻟﻣﺣﺎﻓظﺔ‬،‫اﻟﺷﻌر اﻟﺣدﯾث‬، ‫ﺗطور اﻟﺷﻌر اﻟﻘﺑﺎﺋﻠﻲ وﺧﺻﺎﺋﺻﮫ)ﺑﯾن اﻟﺗﻘﻠﯾد واﻟﺣداﺛﺔ(اﻟﺟزء اﻟﺛﺎﻧﻲ‬، ‫ ﻣﺣﻣد ﺟﻼوي‬- 4
2010.،‫اﻟﺳﺎﻣﯾﺔ ﻻﻣﺎزﯾﻐﯾﺔ‬
192
‫رﺳﺎﻟﺔ ﻟﻧﯾل ﺷﮭﺎدة‬، (‫اﻟﺻورة اﻟﺷﻌرﯾﺔ ﻋﻧد ﻟوﻧﯾس اﯾت ﻣﻧﻘﻼت )ﺑﯾن اﻟﺗراث واﻟﺗﺟدﯾد‬، ‫ ﻣﺣﻣد ﺟﻼوي‬-5
.1997،‫اﻟﻣﺎﺟﺳﺗﯾر‬
Imawalen
1- CHemim (M),Amawal (Français /Tamaziɣt ,Tamaziɣt /Français ),Ed l’odyssée,2007.
2-Demougin , (J),Dictionnaire historique ,thématique des littératures français et étrangères
ancien et moderne ,libérerais ,la rousse ,paris ,1989.
3 –Salḥi , (M.A,),Asegzawal ameẓẓyan n tsekla ,Ed , l’odyssée 2012.
.1979،‫اﻟﻣﻌﺟم اﻷدﺑﻲ دار اﻟﻌﻠم ﻟﻠﻣﻼﯾﯾن ﺑﯾروت‬، ‫ﺟﺑور ﻋﺑد اﻟﻧور‬-5
Les Sites d’internet .
- Kamal Bouamar, H tt p/www.tamur,info/gar-usefru-n-tura-d-win-n-zik-yella-umaynut ,
mis a jour,13-12-2011.
193
Amawal
194
Tamaziɣt
Afyir
Tafransist
Vers
Afrdis
élément
Akat
mètre
Amgada
équivalence
Aɣbalu-ines
D awalen
i
Anya
rythme
Allus
répétition
Afyir ilelli
vers libre
Tayunt
unité
Tameɣrut
rime
Takatit
métrique
Taseddart
strophe
Tunṭṭiqin
syllabe
Tulmisin
caractéristique
Anafran n umaṭaf
Production de radio
Azamuli
Symbolique
Arumansi
Romantique
Ilugan
Règles
Tagreɣlanit
Mondialisation
Tamsulest
Ambiguïté
d-
yettwaksen seg
umawal n Akli Salḥi
asegzawal ameẓẓyan n
tsekla .
D awalen i d-yettwksen
seg umawal n
M. CHemim amawal
195
(français/tamaziɣt,Tamaziɣt
/français).
Tamaziɣt
tafransist
Adlis
œuvre
Aḍriṣ
Texte
Afyir
Vers
Aferdis
élément
Afyir bu rebɛa yeḥricen
le vers quaternaire
Agbur
conten
Akat
mètre
Amedyaz
Poète
Amensay
tradition
Ammud
corpus
Amgada
équivalence
Anafran n umaṭṭaf
production de radio
Anya
rythme
Allalen
moyen
Allus
répétition
Asentel
thème
Asefru
poème
Asefru ilelli
poème libre
Aɣarbaz azamuli
école symbolique
Aɣarbaz arumansi
école romantique
Azwel
titre
Nḍamat ,ilugan
règles
196
Tayunt
unité
Tagreɣlanit
mondialisation
Tameɣrut
la rime
Tamedyazt
poésie
Tamsulest
ambiguïté
Takatit
métrique
Talɣa
forme
Taseddart
strophe
Tasleḍt
analyse
Tazwart
introduction
Tikti
idée
Tirawit
écrit
Tutlayt
langue
Tunṭṭiqt
syllabe
Tulmisin
caractéristique
197

Talya usefru ilelli deg wurti asefran atrar amedya (Ben Muhemmed)

Transcription

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