Fiches annexes de la sance 2

Copyright Emilangues, avril 2010
Fiches annexes de la séance 2
Fiche annexe 1 de la séance 2
Basic facts about South Africa 1
Activité 1 : lisez cette chronologie des événements historiques marquants. Travail en
présentiel, individuel.
4th century - Bantu speaking groups settle, joining the indigenous San and Khoikhoi people.
1652 - Jan van Riebeeck, representing the Dutch East India Company, founds the Cape
Colony at Table Bay.
1814 - British purchase Cape Town from the Dutch.
1867 - Diamonds discovered at Kimberley, in the Transvaal.
1880-81 - first Anglo-Boer War.
1884 - Gold rush in the Transvaal.
1899-1902 - second Anglo-Boer War.
1902 - Treaty of Vereeniging.
1910 - Union of South Africa = colonies of the Cape and Natal, and the Boer republics of
Transvaal, and Orange Free State.
1912 - Native National Congress (later renamed the African National Congress (ANC)).
1914 - National Party.
1948 - National Party in power. Policy of apartheid (separateness).
1950 – Segregation. Communist Party banned. Campaign of civil disobedience, led by Nelson
Mandela.
1960 - Seventy black demonstrators killed at Sharpeville. ANC banned.
1961 - South Africa declared a republic. Withdrawal from the Commonwealth. Mandela
heads ANC's new military wing. Sabotage campaign.
1964 - Mandela sentenced to life imprisonment.
1976 - riots in Soweto.
1989 - de Klerk president, meets Mandela. Public facilities desegregated. Many ANC
activists freed.
1990 - ANC unbanned, Mandela released after 27 years in prison.
1994- ANC wins first non-racial elections. Mandela becomes president, Government of
National Unity formed, Commonwealth membership restored, remaining sanctions lifted.
South Africa back at UN General Assembly.
1995 - Truth and Reconciliation Commission to investigate on Apartheid.
1996 - Parliament adopts new constitution.
1999 - ANC wins general elections. Mbeki president.
2008 - Mbeki resigns. Replaced by Motlanthe.
Copyright Emilangues, avril 2010
Fiche annexe 2 de la séance 2
Basic facts about South Africa 1
Activité 2 : des événements ont été oubliés dans cette première chronologie. A l'aide d'un
second document, rétablissez-en l'ordre. Travail en présentiel, en groupes.
1688 - French Huguenots settle.
1700-1800 - due to lack of labour workforce, arrival of slaves from Guinea, Madagascar and
Java.
1806 - Cape Colony becomes British.
1816-1826 - expansion of the Zulu empire by Shaka Zulu.
1833 – the British forbid slavery.
1834 - the Boers flee Cape Town and settle in Natal, in the north of Vaal and Orange
countries.
1835-1840 - Boers leave Cape Colony in the 'Great Trek' and found the Orange Free State
and the Transvaal. Afrikaans as a language.
1852-1854 - new territories are granted independence.
1852 - British grant limited self-government to the Transvaal.
1856 - Natal separates from the Cape Colony.
Late 1850s - Boers proclaim the Transvaal a republic.
1877 - Britain annexes the Transvaal.
1879 - British defeat the Zulus in Natal.
1913 - Land Act introduced to prevent blacks, except those living in Cape Province, from
buying land outside reserves.
1918 - Secret Broederbond (brotherhood) established by Klopper to advance the Afrikaner
cause.
1960s - International pressure against government begins. South Africa excluded from
Olympic Games.
1970s - More than 3 million people forcibly resettled in black 'homelands'.
1984-89 - Township revolt, state of emergency.
1991 - Start of multi-party talks. De Klerk repeals remaining apartheid laws, international
sanctions lifted.
1992 - Nobel prize to Mandela et de Klerk .
1993 - Agreement on interim constitution.
1997 - Mbeki president of ANC.
1998 - Truth and Reconciliation Commission report brands apartheid a crime against
humanity.
2006 - Film award for “ Tsotsi ” .
2010 - South Africa is to welcome football cup.