Presentation of LGPM Research Department - Paris

“
C hemical E ngineering
Génie des Procédés et Matériaux (LGPM) EA 4038
T
his laboratory is structured around two, closely linked fields of investigation:
Process Engineering and Materials. Modelling, simulation, experimentation
are the common key words for the different themes of the research. This complementarity permits progressing from the understanding of microscopic phenomena
to the simulation and optimisation of transformation and elaboration processes.
Our skill is applied to the sustainable aspects of processes: "Do more or better with less and with
renewable resources".
The inauguration of a Chair for clean biotechnologies was one of the key events in 2010.
RESEA RCH A REAS
•
•
Materials surfaces and interfaces;
Transfers in multiphase environments.
St u d y
•
•
•
•
and
of
Tr a n s f e r P h e n o m e n a
in
Processes
liquid-liquid extraction and emulsion extraction;
particle transport and deposit, filtration;
Microtopography of pitting on stainless steel
flow of granular materials.
Life C ycle
•
•
Modelling
simulation of metal production processes;
of
M at e r i a l s
“
hydrogen and materials;
treatment of industrial waste.
APPLICATIONs
Biomass, clean biotechnologies, characterisation and elaboration of materials, energy, environment,
chemical and pharmaceutical industries, photovoltaic, water treatment.
K EY FIGURES FOR 2010
”
Faculty Researchers: 13
A dministrative and Technical Staff: 17
Doctoral Students: 18
R ank A Publications (Source: web of science): 18
Value of Research Contracts Signed: 76 000 €
CONTACT
www.lgpm.ecp.fr
Director: Patrick Perré
Tel.: +33 (0)1 41 13 16 79
Email: [email protected]
(in addition to chairs)
Secretary: Émilie Bouveret-Rossignol
Tel.: +33 (0)1 41 13 11 26
Fax: +33 (0)1 41 13 11 63
Email: [email protected]
École Centrale Paris, Research Centre Report 2011
Aca demic Pa rtners
With numerous French Universities, the CNRS, CEA, INRA…
laboratories.
Abroad: École Nationale d'Ingénieur de Monastir (Tunisie),
National University of Singapore, School of Mathematical
Sciences, QUT and Macquarie University, Graduate School
of Environment (Australia), Univesidade de Sao Paolo and
Universidade Federal de Rio Grande do Sul (Brésil), Univeristatea Dunara de Jos de Galati (Roumania), Université
Laval and Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue
(Canada), Silesian University of Technology and Poznan
University of Life Sciences (Pologne).
Industria l Pa rtners
ALCAN, ARCELOR, ATOFINA, CEA, COGÉMA, EDF, ELECTROPOLI, ERAMET (Le Nickel, CRT), ÉVAFLOR, HEITO,
OTVSA, SAINT-GOBAIN, PONT-A-MOUSSON, VÉOLIA,
ALCAN, NIPPON STEEL CORPORATION, SULFURCELL
SOLARTECHNIK GmbH, WÜRTH SOLAR GmbH, VALE
(Brazil).
LGPM R ese arch D epartment
SA MPLE PROJECT S
Physicochemistry
of
S u r fac e s
T
h e s p re a d of a droplet of liquid metal on a metal surface is very sensitive to the latter’s chemical heterogeneity.
We conducted wetting experiments using liquid lead and heterogeneous surfaces of pure iron and iron-silicon
variously coated in silica particles or films, using the sessile droplet technique. The quality of the wetting strongly
depends on the fraction of the surface covered by the oxides.
Oxide particles on a iron-silicon surface (atomic microscope).
E m u l s i o n E x t r act i o n
T
he kinetics of the release of the tetradecane of a multiple emulsion such as tetradecane/water/hexadecane was
monitored using the calorimetric differential (DSC). The new model for the transport of matter, derived from the
"shrinking heart solid", was successfully developed and applied. The dispersion of the tetradecane was thus estimated,
indicating that the main mechanism of the transfer is the micellar dispersion and not the molecular dispersion. This
result is completely original.
Multiple emulsion schema and globule model
S u ct i o n
Diagram of the mechanisms of passage/blocking
(after Béguin et al., Soft Matter, 2011).
o f h y d r o s o l u b l e p o ly m e r s i n t o n a n o p o r e s
W
e h a ve st udied the forced penetration of large molecular mass polymer chains through model membranes.
We measured the apparent rate of retention from the concentrations of retained and permeable elements and we
then determined the "true" rate of retention "R" taking into account the accumulation of the chains at the membrane.
One sees that the variations "R" based on the debit of the solvent by pore follow the same master curve. This curve,
which is universal for flexible polymers in the right solvent, is indeed represented by the "suction model" of PierreGilles de Gennes, thus leading to an estimation of the critical debit of penetration.
Speci a lized Equipment
Analysis: Spectrometers (ICP, UV, IR, atomic absorption, x-ray fluorescence), chromatographs, MEB + EDS,
microtopographer, tribocorrosion devices, hydrogenation equipment.
Processes: liquid-liquid extractor, ultra and nano filtration devices, photobioreactors, pressure filtration reactor
for microalgae cultures, in-depth direct digital simulation of filtration.
Modelling/simulation: direct digital simulation of filtration in depth, multilevel simulation of coupled transfers in porous
environments, multiphysical simulation, digital methods without meshing.
École Centrale Paris, Research Centre Report 2011