maps of the whole of canada - McMaster University Library

Transcription

CANADA, THE ARCTIC, NEWFOUNDLAND, THE RIVER & GULF OF ST. LAWRENCE
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CHAPTER ONE
MAPS OF THE WHOLE OF CANADA
The early settlement of Canada was a function of the exploitation of its abundant natural resources,
the Fishing Banks in the east, whaling in more northerly waters, and the trade in beaver and other furs that
would form the basis of the Canadian economy for centuries. The search for a route to the west, and thus
to the silks and spices of the Orient, played a subordinate role in Canada's exploration. Permanent settlement
was limited and slow, and the fishing industry, for example, initially relied on transient shore-based settlements
that were only operative in the summer months. Finally, true agricultural-based settlement slowly developed
throughout the 17th century, but it was always the fur and fishing industries that dominated.
The success of the early 18th century French fur trade in Canada depended to a considerable extent on
traders diplomacy with native tribes, maintaining peace between factions that had for centuries warred with
their neighbours. Such wars often resulted in forced mass tribal displacement, and under these conditions
both the acquisition of pelts and the trading of them became almost impossible. Additionally, the French had
never tried to displace natives by settlement and their “land claims” were induced simply as a barrier to
British interference in the fur trade. French involvement in native affairs was largely to induce alliances with
them and thus to promote and protect trade with them. The native groups were seen as independent and
certainly not bound by French law, and gift giving as a means of both cementing and maintaining these
relationships became centrally important (Harris, 1987). It was eventually the failure of this simple functional
system, enforced by the British blockade cutting off French trade supplies that resulted in the final breakup
of French control of Canada.
The treaty of Utrecht in 1713 forced France to recognize the British claims to the coastal zone of
Hudson Bay, British “ dominion ” over the Iroquois, a free-trade zone in the interior, and supposedly defined
territorial boundaries and off-shore fishing rights in the east. Despite the provision for free trade, the status
quo of the late 17th century was largely maintained with the French quickly and efficiently restoring trade
and relationships throughout the Great Lakes region leaving the British to the northern Hudson Bay trade
routes. This deadlock was more or less maintained for thirty peaceful years.
In 1748 however, the Ohio Company was formed by a group of London merchants and prominent
Virginian plantation owners, and given crown title to half a million acres of land in the Ohio valley. The
French responded to this incursion by military intervention in 1752, and by 1755 the British were virtually
excluded from continental America, west of Montreal. Under the leadership of William Pitt, with the tide
of war changing yet again, attention was turned to the North American situation and a determined effort
was made to resolve the dispute forever. The initial move was to achieve control of the Ohio. The British
in a sudden attack, burned Fort Frontenac with all its supplies destined for the French Ohio forts, and
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EARLY PRINTED MAPS OF CANADA II.
simultaneously invaded the Ohio valley. The defence of the Ohio valley was very dependent on the allegiance of the Ohio tribes, which the British proceeded to cleverly subvert by promising to relinquish all
territorial claims to tribal lands west of the Appalachians. With the apparent achievement of their aims, the
Ohio tribes ceased fighting forcing the French to yield the Ohio region to British control. The following
year a three pronged attack finally resulted in the capture of Quebec and the end to French domination in
Canada. The territorial rights of the Ohio tribes were ignored, their ineffectual opposition was quashed by
the British and a major expansion westward commenced (Harris, 1987).
The flood of American traders with abrasive attitudes to the local tribes and the removal of the “ gift
” system as compensation for the right to trade in tribal territories resulted inevitably in a loose Indian
federation that attacked the American traders and British forts, but by 1764 they were forced to submit to a
better supplied and organised British force and a decade of peace followed. However, the subsequent
Quebec Act of 1774, which extended the borders of Quebec to include lands between the Ohio and Mississippi Rivers sufficiently infuriated the American colonists to initiate the invasion of Quebec in 1775 and
the subsequent War of Independence.
During the 18th century each specific phase of discovery and settlement is well documented on maps
of both Canada as well as maps of the whole of North America. Such key features allow the collector to
place unsigned or undated maps within specific time periods. The first of these criteria is the characteristic
shape applied by different cartographers to the Great Lakes. Del’Isle’s (1703-1745)(A), Bellin’s (17441755)(B) and D’Anville’s (1750-1770)(C) representations of the Lakes have characteristic patterns that
allow the approximate dating of a map. The appearance of Halifax on a map places the date as post 1749.
Similarly, details of the the Ohio valley appear on maps around 1755 or later. The appearance on a map of
De Fonte’s supposed discoveries of navigable channels running from Hudson Bay to the west coast, point to
a date 1752-1775, and occasionally even later. The early discoveries of the Russians on the west coast were
first published in 1754, and the geography of the coastline was then not modified until 1784 following
Cook's voyage, and both these criteria are useful markers, as are the establishment of the boundaries of the
Province of Quebec (1763) and the USA boundary (1783). By the late 18th century it was finally evident
that there was no easy route through to the west coast, and with the discoveries of Mackenzie & Hearne
which appear on maps around 1790, the De Fonte mythical route from Hudson Bay was finally laid to rest.
This initiated a renewal of Arctic exploration for the “ North-West passage ” and the start of a sequence of
arctic naval voyages that continued well into the 19th century. Late 18th century markers are provided by
the appearance of the Queen Charlottes off the west coast, discovered by Dixon in 1788, and finally by
Vancouver's delineation of Vancouver Island. These criteria will be again emphasised in the later relevant
chapters.
A
B
The Del'Isle (A), Bellin (B) and D'Anville (C) Great Lake Formats
C
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Plate 208. The third state of the Morden map with the longitude co-ordinates changed
Entry 324. (Courtesy of the National Archives of Canada).
ENTRY 322. MORDEN ca. 1695 First state.
Map title: A NEW MAP / OF THE / ENGLISH
EMPIRE IN / AMERICA / VIZ / — by Rob. Morden.
Map size: 50.9 cm. x 59.7 cm.
Published: separately
Ref: Catalogue 16, Weinreb & Douwma 1976, #180.
Engraved inside the border at the bottom right is
“ I Harris fculp ”, and below the cartouche “ Sold
by Robt. Morden at the Atlas in Cornhill. ”
ENTRY 323. MORDEN-BROWN 1706. Second state.
EMPIRE IN / AMERICA / VIZ / — by Rob. Morden.
Published in: Atlas Maior. F. de Wit.
LC G1015 .W5 1706 V.2 Vault; NMC 23347.
Ref: Karpinski XLVI; Cumming # 172, John Goss. (1990),
p. 120; Stevens & Tree, p. 319, 1951; LC Phillips 549;
Catalogue 16, Weinreb & Douwma 1976, #180.
Engraved inside the border at the bottom right is “ I
Harris fculp ”, and below the cartouche “ Sold by Robt.
Morden at the Atlas in Cornhill. ” & beneath again
“ And by Chriftopher Brown at ye. Globe / near the
Weft=end of St. Pauls / Church: London.”
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ENTRY 324. MORDEN ca. 1700 Third state.
Plate: 208.
EMPIRE IN / AMERICA / VIZ / — by Rob.
Morden.
Sotheby’s Atlases, Maps & Printed Books —. April 21
1983, Lot 78.
Harris fculp ”, and below the cartouche “ Sold by Robt.
Morden at the Atlas in Cornhill. ” & beneath again
“ And by Chriftopher Brown at ye. Globe / near the
Weft=end of St. Pauls / Church: London.” The
longitude co-ordinates have been rounded up so that
98 becomes 100, 93 becomes 95, 88 becomes 90 and
so on.
ENTRY 325. MORDEN ca. 1710 Fourth state.
EMPIRE IN / AMERICA / VIZ / — by Rob.
Morden.
ENTRY LAHONTAN. Second state. 1704, 1709.
Map title: CARTE GENERAL / DE CANADA
Ref: Kershaw v. 1, p. 255, ENTRY 291, Plate 191.
ENTRY LAHONTAN. Second state. 1705, 1706.
Ref: Kershaw v. 1, p. 255, ENTRY 290.
ENTRY DEL' ISLE. Second state. 1707-08.
Map title: CARTE / DU / CANADA / OU DE LA /
NOUVELLE FRANCE / — / Par Guillaume Del’Isle
Geographe / —.
Ref: Kershaw v.1 p. 278, ENTRY 309, Plate 202b.
ENTRY LAHONTAN. 1707-08, 1712.
Map title: CARTE GENERALE / DE CANADA
Ref: Kershaw v.1, p. 255, ENTRY 293, Plate 192.
ENTRY MORTIER. ca. 1708. First state.
Map title: CARTE / DU CANADA / OU DE LA
NOUVELLE FRANCE / — / A AMSTERDAM / Chez
PIERRE MORTIER Geographe Avec Privilege.
Ref: Kershaw v.1, p. 284, ENTRY 317, Plate 205a.
ENTRY DEL ' ISLE. Fourth state. 1708-12.
Geographe / —.
Ref: Kershaw v.1, p. 279, ENTRY 311, Plate 202d.
Harris fculp ”, but the imprints of both Morden and
Brown have been erased.
ENTRY 326. SENEX. 1719, (1721). Fifth state.
Plate: 209
EMPIRE IN / AMERICA / VIZ / — / Revif’d by
Ion. Senex / 1719.
Map size: 50.9 x 59.7 cm.
Published in: A New General Atlas, London 1721.
NMC 6612; LC G1015 .S57 1721 Vault.
Ref:: Karpinski XLVI; Cumming # 172; John Goss.
(1990), p.20; Stevens & Tree, p.319, 1951; LC Phillips
563; Catalogue 16, Weinreb & Douwma 1976, #180.
The engravers name “ I Harris fculp ”, inside the border
at the bottom right remains.
The title cartouches of the Morden third state,
published with Brown around 1700, and the final
fifth state published by Senex in 1721
5
Plate 209. The
final state of the
Morden plate
published by John
Senex in 1721. The
imprints of Morden
and of Christopher
Brown have both
been deleted, and
Senex's name
inserted. The Royal
coat of arms have
been replaced with a
dedication to one of
the Atlas
subscribers
Entry 326.
(Courtesy of the National
Archives of Canada).
Plate 210. The
first state of the
Vander Aa map
which was first
published without
the separately
engraved “ frame ”
used in the next two
issues.
Entry 327.
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ENTRY 327. VANDER AA. First state. 1714.
ENTRY 328. VANDER AA. Second state. 1729.
Plate: 210
Plate: 211
Map title: CANADA / ou / NOUVELLE FRANCE.
/ Suivant les / Nouvelles Obfervations / de / Messrs.
de l’Academie Royale / des Sciences.. etc. / Augmentées
de Nouveau. / A LEIDE. / Chez PIERRE VANDER
AA. / Avec Privilege.
Published in: Nouvel Atlas, Très-Exact et Fort
Commode Pour Toutes Sortes de Personnes, Contenant
Les Principals Cartes Géographiques / ... / A Leide,
Chez Pierre Vander Aa.
BN Ge DD 1220, BN Ge FF 9124, BN Ge DD 1248; LC
G1015 .G24 1714 Vault; BN du Q G 3400 1736 A2.
Ref: BN du Q # 51; LC Phillips 4277.
Map title: CANADA / ou / NOUVELLE
FRANCE. / Suivant les / Nouvelles Obfervations
/ de / Messrs. de l’Academie Royale / des
Sciences.. etc. / Augmentées de Nouveau. / A
LEIDE. / Chez PIERRE VANDER AA. / Avec
Privilege.
Published in: La Galerie Agreable du Monde / ...
/ Tome Premier d’Amerique / ... / à Leide Par
Pierre Vander Aa... 1729.
BN Ge DD 686, LC G114 .A12 Rare Books, Vol 64.
Ref: LC Phillips 3485.
Vander Aa used the Del ’Isle map of 1703 for the
information for his own map of Canada, and in particular Del ’Isle’s Great Lakes format.
The original plate with its plate mark has been surrounded with a decorative frame, printed from an
additional plate, resulting in a second plate mark.
Plate 211. In this second state of the Vander Aa map of Canada, an additional plate
has been engraved to provide the decorative frame. Entry 328.
ENTRY 329. VANDER AA. Third state.
Plate: 212.
Map title: CANADA / ou / NOUVELLE
FRANCE. / Suivant les / Nouvelles Obfervations
/ de / Messrs. de l’Academie Royale / des
Sciences.. etc. / Augmentées de Nouveau. / A
LEIDE. / Chez PIERRE VANDER AA. / Avec
Privilege.
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Published in: Le Nouveau Theatre du Monde ou
la Geographie Royale.
BN Ge CC 1519; NMC 23445.
The original plate has been surrounded with an entirely different decorative frame.
Plate 212. The third state of Vander Aa, with a different engraved frame added. Entry 329.
ENTRY 330. COVENS & MORTIER. Fourth state.
1735.
Map title: CANADA / ou / NOUVELLE FRANCE. /
Suivant les / Nouvelles Obfervations / --/ A AMSTERDAM.
/ Chez COVENS et MORTIER
Published in: Nouvel Atlas, Très-Exact et Fort Commode
Pour Toutes Sortes de Personnes, Contenant Les
Principales Cartes Géographiques / ---.
LC G1015 .C695 1735 Vault.
Ref: LC Phillips 3488.
In this final state of the plate the engraved frame is removed,
and the imprint in the cartouche changes to Covens & Mortier
(not underlined), and the address as Amsterdam.
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ENTRY 331. MOLL. 1715.
LC Phillips 3469, G1015 M65 1736
Vault; NMC 26861, 24607, 21061; BL
Maps 148.d.1; Yale *755 1715 Copy 3;
Dalhousie Morse Map 48; McGill G3300
1732 M6.
Plate: 213
Map title: A New and Exact MAP of the DOMINIONS / of the KING of GREAT BRITAIN / on ye
Continent of NORTH AMERICA. / Containing /
NEWFOUNDLAND, NEW SCOTLAND, NEW
ENG: / LAND NEW YORK, NEW JERSEY,
PENSILVANIA / MARYLAND, VIRGINIA and
CAROLINA. / According to the Newest and most
Exact Observations By / HERMAN MOLL Geographer.
Map size: 101.2 x 60.8 cm.
Published in: The World Described [1715].
Ref: Lemon 1987; Cumming 1958, # 158, Map
Collector No. 47, p. 52; No. 48, p. 49; Stevens &
Tree, Comparative Cartography, p. 34; Schwartz &
Ehrenberg 1980, p. 138.
State F: Another issue from an entirely new plate.
Dedicated to Luke Gardiner; Imprint “Sold by Geo.
Grierson —”.
State G:
“ Printed and Sold by Tho: Bowles
next yeChapter House in St Pauls /
Church-yard, John Bowles & Son at
the Black Horfe in Cornhil and by
I King at yePoultrey near Stocks
Market. ”
NMC 24790.
Several states of the map have been described based
on the imprint lower left:
State A: “ Sold by H. Moll / over against
Deverux Court in the Strand ”
LC Phillips 5961, G1015.M64 1720
Cage, NMC 117147; Yale *755 1715
Copy 1.
State B: “ Sold by H. Moll / over against
Deverux Court without Temple Bar ”.
State C: “ Sold by H. Moll / and by I. King at ye
Globe in ye Poultrey near Stocks
Market ”.
BL Maps c.46.f.12.; Arch.
Newfoundland MG 118.3.
ENTRY LAHONTAN. First state. 1715.
Ref: Kershaw v.1, p. 255, ENTRY 294.
ENTRY VISSCHER. Second state. 1717, 1719 & 1729.
Map title: CARTE NOUVELLE CONTENANT LA
PARTIE D’AMERIQUE LA PLUS SEPTENTRIONALE
ENTRY DEL ' ISLE. Fifth state. 1718.
NOUVELLE FRANCE / —
Ref: Kershaw v.1, p. 278, ENTRY 312, Plate 202b.
ENTRY COVENS & MORTIER. Second state. 1730.
Map title: CARTE / DU CANADA / OU DE LA /
NOUVELLE FRANCE / — /
Ref: Kershaw v.1, p. 284, ENTRY 318, Plate 204 & 205b.
State D: “ Sold by H. Moll / and by I. King at ye
Poultrey near Stocks Market ”.
NMC 44359; Yale *755 1715 Copy 2.
ENTRY LAHONTAN. Second state. 1735.
Map title: A General map of / NEW FRANCE / Com.
call’d CANADA
State E
“ Printed and Sold by Tho: Bowles
next ye Chapter House in StPauls /
Church-yard, John Bowles at / the
Black Horfe in Cornhill, / and by
I King at ye Poultrey near Stocks
Market.”
Plate 213. The first state of Moll's impressive “ Beaver Map ” published in 1715.
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ENTRY 332. CHATELAIN-GUEDEVILLE.
1719. First state.
Plate: 214.
Map title: CARTE DE LA NOUVELLE FRANCE--Map size: 42 x 48.3 cm.
Published in: Atlas Historique ou Nouvelle
Introduction...Par Mr. Guedeville. Tome VI...
A Amsterdam...MDCCXIX.
NMC 6362, 6363; LC 579, G1015 .C48 1705, 1732, v.6.
Ref: Verner & Stubbs, # 11; LC Phillips 548.
o
Engraved, top right, inside the border is “ Tom. VI.N .
23. Pag:91.”.
ENTRY 333. CHATELAIN-GUEDEVILLE,
[1719] 1732. Second state.
Map title: CARTE DE LA NOUVELLE FRANCE
Map size: 42 x 48.3 cm.
A Amsterdam... 1732.
LC G1015 .C48 1732, v.6.
Ref: Verner & Stubbs, # 11; LC Phillips 548, 579.
In this second state of 1732, engraved top right,
inside the border is “ Tom: VI No: 23 Pag: 92 ”.
Plate 214. This handsome map of Eastern North America has a view of Quebec and a
plan of the early abortive attack from New England in 1690. Entry 332.
(Courtesy of the National Archives of Canada).
11
Plate 215. Chatelain's map of Canada is closely derived from Del 'Isle's map of 1703 with his classic
interpretation of the Great Lakes, and Lahontan's “ Long River ”. Entry 334.
1719, 1732.
1719, 1732.
Plate: 215.
Plate: 216.
Map title: CARTE DU CANADA OU DE LA
NOUVELLE FRANCE, & DES DÉCOUVERTES
QUI Y ONT ÉTÉ FAITES / Map size: 40.2 x 51.8 cm.
NMC 6369., BN Ge DD 1534, LC G1015 .C48
1705, 1732, v.6.; BN du Q, G 3400 1719 C37.
Ref: BN du Q, # 505; LC Phillips 548, 579.
Map title: Partie de / L’AMERIQUE / Septentrionale
Map size: 11.5 x 11.6cm.
LC G1015 .C48 1705, 1732, v.6.
Ref: LC Phillips 548, 579.
In both editions engraved top right with the title is
“Tom. VI. No. 20. Pag. 82.”.
A miniature map of Canada set in text describing
Newfoundland. Grouped on a page with other maps
of North America.
12
Plate 216.
This miniature
map of
Canada was
inset with text
and other
maps of North
America and
the Caribbean.
Entry 335.
NMC 19257, 104138,11934; LC G 1015 .V5 1712 ,
# 75 Vault; National Maritime Museum # 174.
Ref: Verner & Stubbs, p. 242; LC Phillips 3473.
The two insets of Quebec in the cartouche are a quite
different format from the equivalent map by
Chatelain-Guedeville (Entry 332.). Equally, there is
no indication of a volume or page number engraved
inside the border.
ENTRY 337. OTTENS. 1745. Second state.
Plate: 218.
ENTRY 336. ANON. ca 1720. First state.
Plate: 217.
Map title: CARTE DE LA NOUVELLE FRANCE,
où fe voit le cours des Grandes Rivières de S.
LAURENS & de MISSISSIPI ——
Published in: Atlas Minor sive Geographia
Compendiosa, —. Visscher [1712] Amstelaedami.
& in: Atlas sive Geogrphia Compendiosa ---.
Ottens.
Map title: CARTE DE LA NOUVELLE FRANCE,
où fe voit le cours des Grandes Rivières de S.
LAURENS & de MISSISSIPI ——.
Published in: source unknown
Ref: Verner & Stubbs, p. 242.
UBC-Ms.Coll.-Verner1745 O.
In this second state the cartouche with its view and plan
has been erased from the bottom right corner. In addition
all the decorative ships, compass rose, and vignettes scattered over the map itself have all been erased. There appears to have been no cartographic changes however.
Plate 217. This
anonymous map was
carefully copied from
Chatelain's almost identical
map and has sometimes been
mistakenly attributed to
Lotter. It can be quickly
separated from the Chatelain
edition by its use of italics in
the title as well as by the
framing of the cartouche and
the simple, rather than scroll,
frame on the inset of the
mouth of the Mississippi
River
Entry 336.
(Courtesy of the National Archives of
Canada).
13
Plate 218. In this second state, in addition to the erasure of the cartouche, all the decorative ships and
vignettes scattered over the body of the map have also been removed. Entry 337.
(Courtesy of the Library of the University of British Columbia).
ENTRY THORNTON-MOUNT & PAGE. Second state. 1732.
Map title: A New and / Correct Chart of the North / Part of
America from / NEW FOUND LAND / to HUDSONS BAY / = =
= = = = = = / By Thornton
ENTRY MOUNT & PAGE. Fourth state. 1753.
America from / NEW FOUND LAND / to HUDSONS BAY / = = =
= = = = = / Sold by W & I Mount & T Page / on Tower Hill
LONDON.
ENTRY MOUNT & PAGE. Third state. 1751.
America from / NEW FOUND LAND / to HUDSONS BAY / = =
= = = = = = / Sold by W & I Mount & T Page / on Tower Hill
LONDON.
ENTRY SANSON-DU SAUZET. 1734.
Map title: LE CANADA, ou / NOUVELLE FRANCE,&c /
Tirée de diverses Relations des / Francois Anglois Hollandois,&c
/ Par N. Sanfon de Abb’ / Geogr. ordre. du Roy. /
14
Plate 219. The western half of Covens & Mortiers version of Popple's
great map first published in 1732. Entry 338.
ENTRY 338. COVENS & MORTIER. [1737].
Plate: 219-220.
Map title: NOUVELLE CARTE PARTICULIÈRE
DE L’AMÉRIQUE, OU SONT EXACTEMENT
MARQUÉES / —
& NOUVELLE CARTE
PARTICULIÈRE DE L’AMÉRIQUE, ou font
exactement marquées la Nouvelle BRETAGNE, le
CANADA ou Nouvelle FRANCE, / —
Map size: 57.4 x 105 cm.
Published in: Atlas Nouveau contenant les parties
du Monde ---. Amsterdam ca. 1761. v.9.
NMC 14342.
Ref: Cumming # 231; Phillips 2448.
ENTRY 339. LE BEAU. 1738.
Plate: 221.
Map title: CARTE du CANADA / Dediée a / Sonne
Altefse Serenifsime / Monfeigneur / E.J.G. de BIRON
/ Duc de Courlande / de Semigalle &c. / Par / fon trés
humble et trés / obeifsant Serviteur / Cl le Beau
Published in: Avantures du Sr. C. Le Beau —,
Amsterdam 1738.
National Library of Canada, Rare E78 C2L4 Vol 1.,
BN 8o Lk 12 758; BN du Q RES AF 184; Yale Small
755 1738.
Ref: Clements v. 3, p. 101; BN du Q # 1102.
In the top left corner, outside the neat-line is engraved
“ Part 1 Page 1 ”.
15
Plate 220. The eastern half of Covens & Mortier's version of
Popple's great map. Entry 338.
ENTRY 340. LE BEAU. 1752. German edition.
Plate: 222.
Map title : KARTE / von / CANADA / von /
Herrn Cl. Le Beau / heraus gegeben.
Published in: NEUE REIFE unter die Wilden in
Nord America...Frankfurt and Leipzeig...1752.
BN 8o Lk 12 758 Bis.
Engraved in the top left corner, outside the neatline, is “ Theil I. S. I.”. Bottom right, outside the
neat-line is “ I.M. Eben Sc: Franafurti ad
Moenum ”.
ENTRY SANSON. ca. 1740.
Map title: CANADA / of / NIEW VRANKRYK / getrokken
uit verfcheide Frafche, / Engelfche,en Hollandfche Befchryre
/ vingen enz. / door N. Sanfon de Abb’. / Geogr’ ord . du
Roy.
ENTRY SCHENK.
Third state ca. 1745.
Map title: CARTE NOUVELLE CONTENANT LA
PARTIE D’AMERIQUE LA PLUS SEPTENTRIONALE,
— Par NICOLAS VISSCHER —.
ENTRY DEL ' ISLE. Sixth state. 1745.
Geographe / —.
16
Plate 221. The map of Canada from Le Beau 1738.
Plate 222. The map of Canada from the German edition of Le Beau 1752.
Entry 340.
17
Plate 223. The map of Canada and the eastern seaboard from the Magazine of Magazines
1750. Entry 341.
ENTRY 341. MAGAZINE OF MAGAZINES.
1750.
Plate: 223.
Map title: A MAP of the BRITISH EMPIRE in
AMERICA, from the Head of HUDSONS BAY to
the Southern Bounds of GEORGIA, / with the intervention of CANADA.
Published in: Magazine of Magazines v.1, Nov.
1750, p. 369.
Ref: Jolly MOM-2.
Engraved in the lower margin is “ Engrav’d Pursuant
to Act of Parliament for Owen’s Magazine of Magazines.”, with the running title in the top margin.
18
ENTRY 342. DEL’ISLE-ALBRIZZI. 1750.
Plate: 224.
Map title: CARTA GEOGRAFICA / DEL CANADA
/ NELL’AMERICA / SETTENTRIONALE
Map size: 34 x 43 cm.
Published in: Atlante Novissimo. G. Albrizzi, Venice.
NMC 7079, NMC 7080, 134668; LC G1015 .L582
1740 Vault; BN du Q, G 3400 1755 A5.
Ref: BN du Q # 55; LC Phillips 594.
ENTRY 343. SEUTTER. ca. 1750.
Map title: PARTIE / ORIENTALE / de la /
NOUVELLE FRANCE / ou du / CANADA / avec
/ ISLE de TERRE-NEUVE / et de / NOUVELLE
ESCOSSE, / ACADIE / et /
NOUV.
ANGLETERRE / avec /
FLEUVE S T.
LAURENCE / reprefenté / par MATH.
SEUTTER / Geogr. de S.M. Imper. /
d’Augsbourg.
Published in: source not located
NMC 24731, 24732.
Engraved ouside the neat-line, bottom left is
“ Dresfe par Alb. Charl Seutter, Geogr: ” and bottom right “ Tob. Conr Lotter, Sc.”
Plate 224. The decorative map by Del'Isle-Albrizzi published in Venice in 1750. Entry 342.
19
Plate 225. The Seutter map of Canada providing a very elongated version of its geography, with the
St. Lawrence River running almost north-south. This is the second state of the plate that was published
by Lotter. Entry 344. (Courtesy of the National Archives of Canada).
20
Plate 226. The first state of Vaugondy's map of Canada published in 1753. The date is prov
scales. There is little detail provided in the Ohio Valley region. Entry 345. (Courte
vided in the imprint under the distance
esy of the National Archives of Canada).
21
ENTRY 344. LOTTER. Second state. ca. 1756.
Plate: 225.
Map title: PARTIE / ORIENTALE / de la /
NOUVELLE FRANCE / ou du / CANADA / avec /
ISLE de TERRE-NEUVE / et de / NOUVELLE
ESCOSSE, / ACADIE / et / NOUV. ANGLETERRE
/ avec / FLEUVE S T. LAURENCE / reprefenté / par
T CONR. LOTTER / Graveur et Geogr. /
d’Augsbourg.
NMC 24549, 24726, 17292; LC G3400 1762 .L6 Vault;
BN du Q G 3400 1734 L6.
Ref: Warkentin 1974; Skelton 1964 p.258 and 272;
Armstrong, 1982, # 28; BN du Q # 1155; Lemon 1987.
Still engraved outside the neat-line bottom left is
“ Dresfe par Alb. Charl Seutter, Geogr: ” and bottom
right “ Tob. Conr Lotter, Sc.” The only change to the
plate appears to be in the title.
ENTRY 345. VAUGONDY. 1753. First state.
Plate: 226.
Map title: CARTE DES PAYS / connus fous le nom
de / CANADA / — / par le Sr. ROBERT DE
VAUGONDY fils / Géographe ordinaire du Roi.
Map size: 47.8 x 67 cm.
Published in: ?first issue of Atlas Universel.
NMC 24548, LC G 3400 1753 .R6 Vault; Yale * 755
1753M.
Ref: Karpinski LXIII; Sellers & van Ee # 15.
Imprint above the lower centre border is “ A Paris ches
l’Auteur, Quai de l’horloge du Palais proche le pontneuf / Avec Privilege 1753. ”.
ENTRY 346. VAUGONDY. 1753[?1755]. Second
state.
Plate: 227.
Map title: CARTE DES PAYS / connus fous le nom
de / CANADA / — / par le Sr. ROBERT DE
VAUGONDY fils / Géographe ordinaire du Roi.
Published in: Atlas Universel.
NMC 52294; BN du Q G 3400 1753 R6.
Ref: BN du Q # 1389.
The imprint surprisingly has not been altered, but the
changes south of Lake Erie reflect the corresponding
map of the Great Lakes by Bellin in 1755, and hence
the tentative date.
22
Plate 227. The second state of Vaugondy's map of Canada published around 1755. The
date remains in the imprint under the distance scales. There is now some detail provided of
the Ohio Valley region. Entry 346. (Courtesy of the National Archives of Canada).
ENTRY 347. VAUGONDY. 1778. Third state.
Plate: 228.
Map title: CARTE DU / CANADA / ET DES /
ETATS-UNIS / de l’Amérique Septentrionale / Par
le Sr. ROBERT DE VAUGONDY Geog. Ord. du Roi
/ — / 1778.
NMC 24639.
In addition to the changes in the cartouche, the imprint
above the centre border has been erased. Numerous
place names have been added in the Chesapeake Bay
area. For example “ C. Charles ”, “ C. False ”,
“ Rehoboth Bay ”, “ Chester ”, “ Dover ” etc.
ENTRY 348. HERBERT & SAYER. 1755. Second
state.
Plate: 229.
Map title: A NEW AND ACCURATE MAP OF THE
ENGLISH EMPIRE IN NORTH AMERICA: /
Representing their Rightful Claim as confirm’d by
Charters, and the formal Surrender of their INDIAN
FRIENDS; / Likewise the Encroachments of the
FRENCH, with the several Forts they have unjuftly
erected therein. By a Society of Anti-Gallicians.
Published: ?separately
NMC 21053(+C); G3300 1755 .S6 Vault; LC G 3300
1755 .S6 Vault.
23
Plate 228. The final state of Vaugondy's map of Canada published in 1778
with the date now included in the cartouche. The imprint below the distance
scales has been erased and numerous place names added. Entry 347.
Engraved, below centre, outside the neat-line is
“ Publish’d according to Act of Parliament Decr.
1755 And Sold by Wm. Herbert on London Bridge &
Robt. Sayer over against Fetter Lane in Fleet Street. ”.
There are inset plans of Quebec City, Annapolis Royal,
Port Dauphin, Louisbourg and Chebucto Harbour as
well as Fort Frederick, and a large inset, lower right, of
the Atlantic with Europe and North America. In the
first state of this map the inset, lower right, is of only
North America and the other insets are missing altogether.
The inset plan of Halifax Harbour from Herbert &
Sayer's map.
24
Plate 229. The decorative map of Canada and th
second state with insets of Quebec City, Annapol
(Courtesy of the Nation
he eastern seaboard by Herbert & Sayer. This is the
lis, Louisbourg, and Halifax added. Entry 348.
nal Archives of Canada).
25
26
ENTRY 349. MITCHELL. 1755. First state.
Plate: 230.
Map title: A MAP of the / British and French Dominions in / North America. / WITH THE / Roads, Distances, Limits and Extent of the / SETTLEMENTS, /
— / Jno Mitchell.
NMC 15734, NMC 14010; LC G3300 1755 .M5 Vault
Shelf.
Ref: Karpinski LXX; Cumming # 293; Schwartz &
Ehrenberg 1980, p. 164; Sellers & van Ee # 37-53; Stevens
& Tree # 54.
The imprint below the neat-line reads “ Publish’d by the
Author Febry 13th 1755 according to Act of Parliament
and sold by And. Miller opposite Katherine Street in the
Strand. Tho: Kitchin sculp. Clerkenwell Green. ”.
Mitchell's map is one of the most important cartographic
documents of the 18th century, being used repeatedly during boundary negotiations. Sellers & van Ee document
the following editions and impressions:
•
First edition & impression: As above with “ Miller ”
and “ Katherine ” spelled incorrectly.
•
First edition, 2nd imp. Spelling corrected to
“ Millar” & “ Katharine ”. There are two towns
in Massachusetts both named Leicester.
LC G3300 1755 .M51 Vault.
Ref: Stevens & Tree # 54, 1755(b).
•
First edition, 3rd imp. One of the towns is
changed to its correct name “ Worcester ”.
LC G3300 1755 .M53 Vault.
•
Second edition. [1757] Tables of text have been
added in the Atlantic which refer to the map as
the second edition.
LC G3300 1755 .M523 Vault.
Ref: Stevens & Tree # 54, 1755-[1757].
•
Third edition. [1773]. The imprint changes to
“Publish’d by the Author Febry 13th 1755.
Printed by Jefferys and Faden, St. Martins Lane,
Charing Cross, London. Tho. Kitchin sculp. ”
LC G3300 1773 .M51 Vault.
Ref: Stevens & Tree # 54 [?1773](d).
•
Third edition. 2nd imp. An engraved boundary
appears in Lake Ontario
LC G3300 1774 .M5 Vault.
•
Stevens & Tree # 54 [?1774] (c) include a fourth edition
ry
with the imprint still “ Publish’d by the Author Feb
th
t
13 1755. Printed by Jefferys and Faden, S . Martins
o
Lane , Charing Cross, London. Th . Kitchin sculp. ”.
This edition adds several new Forts in north and western
New York, and name changes or deletion for others.
“ Limits claimed by New York ” and “ Limits claimed by
New Jersey ” are deleted.
•
[Fourth] Fifth edition. Title changes to “A MAP
of the / British Colonies in / North America — ”
LC G3300 1775 .M5 Vault.
Ref: Stevens & Tree # 54 1775 (f).
27
ENTRY 350. THE LONDON MAGAZINE. 1755.
ENTRY 351. THE LONDON MAGAZINE. 1755.
Plate: 231.
Plate: 232.
Map title: A MAP of the Five Great Lakes with
part of Penfilvania, New York, Canada and
Hudfons Bay Territories &c.
Published in: The London Magazine v.24, Sept.
1755, p.432.
NMC 6430; PAC Lib. B / 1000-[1755]; LC G3310
1755 .M3 Vault.
Ref: Michigan v.2, p.31; Phillips Maps p.575; Jolly
LOND-97; Sellers & van Ee 1981, # 220.
Map title: A MAP / of the / BRITISH & FRENCH /
PLANTATIONS / in / NORTH AMERICA.
Published in: The London Magazine v.24, Aug 1755
p.360.
Ref: Phillips Maps p.575; Sellers & van Ee 65; Jolly
LOND-96.
Plate 231. The Great Lakes portion of the
London Magazine map published as three sheets
based on the Mitchell Map. Entry 350.
Plate 232. The Maritimes portion of the
London Magazine map published as three separate
maps but based on the Mitchell map. Entry 351.
This map was intended as the title map for two other maps
which when all joined would cover, south to Georgia and
the Carolinas, and west to the Great Lakes based on the
Mitchell map.
28
29
Plate 230. This map by
Mitchell was first
published in 1755 with
numerous editions and
states following. An
extremely important map
of North America which
was consulted several
times during boundary
disputes. For example,
London Magazine 1755;
Le Rouge 1756, 1762,
1776; Overton 1755;
Rhode 1755; etc.
Entry 349.
(Courtesy of the National Archives of
Canada).
30
Plate 233. The General Magazine of Arts & Science map published May 1755, as
three separate maps but again based on the Mitchell map. Entry 352.
ENTRY 352. GENERAL MAGAZINE OF
ARTS & SCIENCES. 1755.
Plate: 233.
Map title: A Map of the BRITISH and FRENCH
SETTLEMENTS in NORTH AMERICA: [Part the
first] Containing Canada, Nova Scotia, New found
land, New England, part of New York / —.
Published in: General Magazine of Arts & Science
v.1. May 1755, p.69.
NMC 6646; LC G3300 1759 .B6 Am. 2-10; BN
du Q G 3300 1755 B6; McCord Museum M2289.
Ref: Phillips Maps p.574,; BN du Q, # 377, Sellers
& van Ee 81; Jolly GENMAS-68.
At the lower right is engraved “ T. Bowen sculpt.”
ENTRY 353. D’ANVILLE. 1755.
Plate: 234.
Map title: CANADA / LOUISIANE / ET /
TERRES ANGLOISES / PAR LE
S R.
D’ANVILLE / — / Novembre MCCCLV / —
Published in: Atlas General.
NMC 8487,15825; LC G3300 1755 .A5 Vault; BN
du Q G 3300 1755 A5.
Ref: Karpinski LIX; Cumming # 296; BN du Q #
124; Sellers & van Ee # 17; LC Phillips 571, 599.
“ G De-la-Haye ” is engraved, extreme bottom right
corner inside the neat-line, of the Louisiana map
segment.
Plate 234. The two sheet map of Canada published
(see
ENTRY 354. ROBERT DE VAUGONDY. First
state. 1755.
Plate: 235.
Map title: PARTIE DE / LÁMÉRIQUE SEPTENT?
/ qui comprend / LA NOUVELLE FRANCE / OU
LE CANADA / Par le Sr. Robert de Vaugondy Géog?
/ Ordinaire du Roy. / Avec Privilege 1755.
Published in: Atlas Universel, Par M. Robert Geographe
ordinaire du Roy, et Par M. Robert de Vaugondy son
fils....1757.
NMC 97967, Royal Ont. Mus.F / 900 / 1755, BN Ge DD
1267, BN Ge DD 282; McCord Museum M 21252.
Only “ Danby ” and “ Red I. ” are indicated in James Bay in
the top left corner of the map. “ F de la Presqu’ile ” ,
engraved across the bottom of Lake Erie, is oriented parallel with the bottom neat-line of the inset map of the Great
Lakes.
31
ENTRY 355. ROBERT DE VAUGONDY. Second
state. 1755.
Published in: Atlas Universel 1757, 1758, [1786]
NMC 16007(H2, copy 1), NMC 51696 (H2, copy 2); LC
G1015 .R6 1758 & 1786 Vault.
Ref: LC Phillips 619, 4292.
“ I Charlton ” in James Bay has been named, and the location
and orientation of “ F de la Presqu' íle ” has been changed.
“ Chaufrard sculp. ” and “ Chaufrard fecit ” are both retained.
by D'Anville in 1755. Based on the Mitchell map but with an inset of the River St. Lawrence, bottom right
Entry 349). Entry 353. (Courtesy of the National Archives of Canada).
32
Plate 235. The first state of the Vaugondy map of Canada with the inset of the Great Lakes. In
this first state only two of the islands in James Bay are named. Entry 354.
ENTRY 356. ROBERT DE VAUGONDY. Third
state. 1763 or later.
Published in: Atlas Universel 1763.
NMC 97966; LC G3400 1763 .R6 Vault.
Ref: Sellers & van Ee # 61.
The date in the cartouche, 1755, is retained but the
boundaries around “ The Province of Quebec ” have
been added. Below “ Louisbourg ”, “ B. de Gabory ”
is changed to “ B. de Gabaron ” and at the top of the
Gulf of St Lawrence “ Is. Ouataquayaky ” changes to
“ Is. Wataquayaky ”.
ENTRY 357. ROBERT DE VAUGONDY. Fourth
state. 1799
Plate: 236.
Map title: PARTIE DE / LÁMÉRIQUE
SEPTENT? / qui comprend / LA NOUVELLE
FRANCE / OU LE CANADA / Par le Sr.Robert
de Vaugondy Géog?
Published in: Atlas Universel, Par Robert Géographe et
Par Robert de Vaugondy sons fil...par C. F. Delamarche.

maps of the whole of canada - McMaster University Library

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