Wie erleben %chtCährige Panikanfälle?

Zeitschrift für Klinische Psychologie und
Psychotherapie!
© 2000Hogrefe-Verlag Göttingen!
For personal use only--not for
distribution!
Juli 2000 Vol. 29, No. 3, 195-203!
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doi:10.1026//0084-5345.29.3.195!
Originalia!
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"#$!$%&$'$(!)*+,-.+%#/$!01(#21(3.&&$4!
Matthias Federer
Schulpsychologischer Dienst Dietikon-Zürich
Silvia Schneider
Christoph-Dornier -Stiftung Dresden
Jürgen Margraf
Technische Universität Dresden
Johannes Herrle
Technische Universität Dresden
Zusammenfassung. In einer repräsentativen Stichprobe von 826 Achtjährigen
wurden die Häufigkeit von spontanen und situationsabhängigen Panikanfällen
und ihr Zusammenhang mit Angstsensitivität, Körperbeschwerden,
Krankheitskonzepten, Angst- und Depressivitätsbelastung der Eltern und
Familienproblemen untersucht. Panikanfälle aus heiterem Himmel wurden
keine gefunden, hingegen erleben 21.4 % der Kinder situationsabhängige
Panikanfälle, am häufigsten bei Dunkelheit, in Trennungssituationen und bei
der Konfrontation mit Tieren. Panikanfälle der Kinder, welche eine
Angstdiagnose erreichen, unterscheiden sich kaum in ihrer Symptomatik von
Panikanfällen der Kinder ohne Angstdiagnose. Das Leitsymptom ist bei
Jungen starkes Herzklopfen, bei Mädchen Kribbeln im Bauch. Es besteht ein
signifikanter positiver Zusammenhang zwischen Panikanfällen und
Familienproblemen, Krankheitswissen über den Herzinfarkt, Angstbelastung
der Mutter, Körperbeschwerden und Angstsensitivität. Die Untersuchung
belegt, dass jüngere Kinder noch keine spontanen Panikanfälle erleben.
Schlüsselwörter: Kinder, Epidemiologie, Panikstörung, Panikanfälle,
Angstsensitivität, Familienprobleme, Krankheitskonzepte, Körperbeschwerden
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Abstract. In a representative sample of 826 eight-year-olds we examined the
frequency of spontaneous and situationally predisposed panic attacks and their
association with anxiety sensitivity, physical complaints, illness concepts,
parental anxiety and depressive symptomatology, birth complications, and
family problems. Panic attacks out of the blue could not be detected; however,
21.4 % of the children experienced situationally predisposed or stimulus-bound
panic attacks, most frequently in the dark, in separation situa-tions, and in face
of animals. Panic attacks in children who received an anxiety diagnosis hardly
differed from those of children without such a diagnosis as far as
symptomatology was concerned. The key symptom in boys was intense
palpitations, in girls crawling in the stomach. There are significant positive
associations between panic attacks and family problems, illness knowledge,
mother's anxiety, physical complaints and anxiety sensitivity. The study
demonstrates that young children are not yet prone to spontaneous panic
attacks.
Keywords: children, epidemiology, panic disorder, panic attacks, anxiety
sensitivity, family problems, illness concepts, physical complaints
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Matthias Federer, Praxis am Claraplatz, Claragraben 78, CH-4058, Basel,
Email: [email protected].
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1.
!
Prozentwerte für spezifische Körperempfindungen und
Kognitionen bei größter Angst. Vergleiche von Kindern mit und
ohne Panikanfälle (PA), Jungen und Mädchen mit PA, Kindern mit
klinischen PA und nichtklinischen PA!
Zusammenhänge zwischen Risikovariablen und Panikanfällen (2
Berechnung von Panikanfälle erfüllt vs. nicht erfüllt mit
dichotomen Risikovariablen)!
2.
!
)''#&8?(/$(!
)''#&8?(/$(!
Situationen, die klinische (n = 19) und nichtklinische (n = 39)
Panikanfälle auslösen (Anzahl der Fälle)!
1.!
!
Körpergefühle und Kognitionen bei klinischen und nichtklinischen
Panikanfällen Rating-Mittelwerte (auf einer Skala von 0 bis 4), N
= 58!
2.!
!