Think of your favourite sport. Whatever it is, there is a good chance

Prova d’accés als estudis superiors de Disseny, 2006,
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ANGLÈS
Read the text carefully and answer the questions.
SPORTS
Think of your favourite sport. Whatever it is, there is a good chance that it was first
played in Britain, and an even better chance that its modern rules were first codified in
Britain. The public school 1 of the Victorian era believed that organized competitive team
games had many psychological benefits. These games appealed to, and developed, the
British sense of “fair play”. This meant obeying the written rules of a game but also
observing its unwritten rules, which governed behaviour before, during and after the
game. You had to be a “good loser”. To be a cheat 2 was shameful, but to lose was just
“part of the game”. Team games were best, because they developed “team spirit”.
The British, thus, have a preference for team games. Individual sports such as athletics,
cycling, gymnastics and swimming have comparatively small followings. Large numbers
of people become interested in them only when British competitors do well in
international events. The more popular individual sports are those in which socializing is
an important aspect (such as tennis, golf, sailing and snooker). Apart from international
competitions, the only athletics event which generates a lot of enthusiasm is the annual
London Marathon. Most of the tens of thousands of participants in this race are “fun
runners” who are merely trying to complete it, sometimes in outrageous 3 costumes, and
so collect money for charity.
There seems to be two main exceptions to this tendency to prefer team games. One is
boxing, where some of the attraction lies in the opportunity for gambling. But while
boxing is declining in popularity, the other exception, motor sports, is becoming more
popular.
Sport probably plays a more important part in peoples’ lives in Britain than it does in
most other countries. For a very large number, and this is especially true for men, it is
their main form of entertainment. Millions take part in some kind of sport at least once a
week. Many millions more are regular spectators and follow one or more sports.
The importance of participation in sport has legal recognition in Britain. Every local
authority has a duty to provide and maintain playing fields and other sports facilities,
which are usually very cheap to use and sometimes even free. Spectator sport is also a
matter of official public concern. For example, there is a law which stipulates that the
most famous annual sporting occasions, such as the Cup Final and the Derby, must be
available to all television channels.
1
Public school: fee paying school.
A cheat: a person who cheats, a dishonest person, a person who disobeys the rules.
3
Outrageous: wildly unusual.
2
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Prova d’accés als estudis superiors de Disseny, 2006,
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Sometimes the traditions which accompany an event can seem as important as the actual
sporting contest. Wimbledon, for instance, is not just a tennis tournament. It means
summer fashions, strawberries and cream, garden parties and long, warm English
summer evenings. The long history of such events has meant that many of them have
become world – famous. Therefore it is not only the British who tune in to watch. The
Grand National, for instance, attracts a television audience of 300 million. This
worldwide enthusiasm has little to do with the standard of British sport. The cup finals of
other countries often have better quality and more entertaining football on view – but
more Europeans watch the English Cup Final than any other.
Adapted from Britain by James O’Driscoll
Reading Comprehension (2 marks for each question)
Answer the following questions using your own words and basing your answer on the
text. Do not copy from the text. You must answer using full sentences.
1. Why were non-individual games encouraged by some educational centres?
2. What does being a “fair player” mean?
3. Why are some individual sports more popular than others among the British?
4. How does British law encourage people to play sport?
5. Why are some British sports events famous all over the world?
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Prova d’accés als estudis superiors de Disseny, 2006,
primera part
INDICACIONS PER A LA CORRECCIÓ
Read the text carefully and answer the questions.
SPORTS
Think of your favourite sport. Whatever it is, there is a good chance that it was first played in Britain, and
4
an even better chance that its modern rules were first codified in Britain. The public school of the
Victorian era believed that organized competitive team games had many psychological benefits. These
games appealed to, and developed, the British sense of “fair play”. This meant obeying the written rules
of a game but also observing its unwritten rules, which governed behaviour before, during and after the
5
game. You had to be a “good loser”. To be a cheat was shameful, but to lose was just “part of the
game”. Team games were best, because they developed “team spirit”.
The British, thus, have a preference for team games. Individual sports such as athletics, cycling,
gymnastics and swimming have comparatively small followings. Large numbers of people become
interested in them only when British competitors do well in international events. The more popular
individual sports are those in which socializing is an important aspect (such as tennis, golf, sailing and
snooker). Apart from international competitions, the only athletics event which generates a lot of
enthusiasm is the annual London Marathon. Most of the tens of thousands of participants in this race are
6
“fun runners” who are merely trying to complete it, sometimes in outrageous costumes, and so collect
money for charity.
There seems to be two main exceptions to this tendency to prefer team games. One is boxing, where
some of the attraction lies in the opportunity for gambling. But while boxing is declining in popularity, the
other exception, motor sports, is becoming more popular.
Sport probably plays a more important part in peoples’ lives in Britain than it does in most other countries.
For a very large number, and this is especially true for men, it is their main form of entertainment. Millions
take part in some kind of sport at least once a week. Many millions more are regular spectators and follow
one or more sports.
The importance of participation in sport has legal recognition in Britain. Every local authority has a duty to
provide and maintain playing fields and other sports facilities, which are usually very cheap to use and
sometimes even free. Spectator sport is also a matter of official public concern. For example, there is a
law which stipulates that the most famous annual sporting occasions, such as the Cup Final and the
Derby, must be available to all television channels.
Sometimes the traditions which accompany an event can seem as important as the actual sporting contest.
Wimbledon, for instance, is not just a tennis tournament. It means summer fashions, strawberries and cream, garden
parties and long, warm English summer evenings. The long history of such events has meant that many of them
have become world – famous. Therefore it is not only the British who tune in to watch. The Grand National, for
instance attracts a television audience of 300 million. This worldwide enthusiasm has little to do with the standard of
British sport. The cup finals of other countries often have better quality and more entertaining football on view – but
more Europeans watch the English Cup Final than any other.
Adapted from Britain by James O’Driscoll
4
public school: fee paying school.
a cheat: a person who cheats, a dishonest person, a person who disobeys the rules.
6
outrageous: wildly unusual.
5
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Prova d’accés als estudis superiors de Disseny, 2006,
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SUGGESTED ANSWERS.
The students are required to give the CONTENTS that are suggested below
expressed in their own way.
6. Why were non-individual games encouraged by some educational centres?
[2 marks]
It was believed that team games were psychologically good for pupils because
they helped them to learn to play without cheating
.
7. What does being a “fair player” mean? [2 marks]
It means that you do not cheat or try to win in a dishonest way / you obey the
rules.
8. Why are some individual sports more popular than others among the British? [2
marks]
British people are more interested in individual sports when the player/ sports
man-woman is British. / British people like sports that are sociable / involve
socialising.
9. How does British law encourage people to play sport? [2 marks]
By making the necessary facilities (fields, venues) available to most people at a
reasonable / inexpensive price (or for no cost).
10. Why are some British sports events famous all over the world? [2 marks]
Because they are more than a sport, they involve famous people or popular
ceremonies where traditions concerning clothes or food are more important or
as important as the sport itself.
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Prova d’accés als estudis superiors de Disseny, 2006,
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FRANCÈS
Lisez attentivement le texte et répondez en français aux questions suivantes.
(Utilisez vos propres mots, ne reproduisez pas exactement le texte.)
SALZBOURG: LES MARCHANDS DU TEMPLE
Le 250 ième anniversaire de la naissance de son enfant chéri sera une bonne affaire pour la ville. Des
bénéfices assurés pour les hôteliers, confiseurs, fabricants de souvenirs, qui multiplient les produits
dérivés de cet événement.
La ville de Salzbourg, en Autriche, s’apprête à célébrer en grande pompe le 250ième anniversaire
du compositeur allemand. Pas moins de 4.500 concerts et spectacles devraient se tenir en
2006 à partir du 27 janvier. “La mise en place de ce festival nous a demandé près de huit ans
de travail et les pouvoirs publics ont investi 7 millions d’euros dans ce projet”, résume Andrea
Blöchl-Köstner, porte parole de MOZART 2006.
Les sponsors ont été priés de mettre la main à la poche. Nestlé, Audi et le Crédit Suisse ont
ainsi choisi de parrainer les concerts de l’été.
Un produit d’appel de rêve
Moins de quelques semaines avant l’inauguration de ces festivités, la ville est encore un
énorme chantier. Près de 85 millions d’euros ont été investis dans ces grands travaux. Les
derniers coups de pinceau sont donnés au nº 1 de la place Mozart, qui abritera un musée
flambant neuf.
Le compositeur mort à 35 ans représente un produit “d’appel” de rêve pour les hôteliers. L’Hôtel
Stein possède six chambres “Mozart” mueblées avec des pièces datant de la fin du XVIIIe
siècle.
Mais Mozart fait aussi la joie des chocolatiers.Tout a commencé 1890 chez un petit confiseur
de la vieille ville. “Cette année-là, mon arrière-grand-père a eu l’idée de créer un produit pour
célébrer l’année suivante le 100ième anniversaire de la mort du compositeur, relate Martin Fürst.
Il a placé au coeur d’une boule de chocolat noir de la pâte d’amande, de la pistache et du
nougat. La Mozartkugel était née”.
Attention à l’overdose
Le nombre de produits estampillés Mozart ne cesse d’augmenter depuis cinq ans. La société
Mozartland vend près de 500 produits différents sur lesquels figure l’image de Wolfgang
Amadeus, souvent à la limite du bon goût: des biberons, des casquettes, des porte-clés, des
parapluies... Les amateurs de souvenirs ne manquent pas de choix.
Il existe cependant un risque d’overdose: le danger que la ville de Salzbourg devienne une
sorte de Disneyland de Mozart.
Frédéric Therin (envoyé spécial à Salzbourg), L’Express, 22.12.2005.
COMPRÉHENSION ÉCRITE (2 points par question)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Pourquoi Salzbourg attirera davantage les touristes en 2006?
Vous croyez que l’organisation de ces festivités a été facile?
Économiquement, qui cela va bénéficier?
Quels ingrédients faut-il avoir por élaborer la recette des Mozartkugel?
Vous êtes à Salzbourg, vous souhaitez acheter un souvenir, lequel choisirez-vous, pour
qui, pourquoi ce choix?
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Prova d’accés als estudis superiors de Disseny, 2006,
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INDICACIONS PER A LA CORRECCIÓ
COMPRENSIÓ ESCRITA [10 punts]
L’exercici consta de cinc preguntes sobre el text proposat, amb un valor de 2
punts per cada resposta.
Es valorarà la capacitat de l’estudiant d’entendre la informació que li és requerida
(1 punt) i la correcció de l’expressió de la seva resposta (1 punt).
L’estudiant/-a ha hagut de respondre la pregunta sense reproduir exactament el
text, en francès, sense ajut de cap diccionari.
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