Climate and health bulletin

C
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African Centre of Meteorological Application for
Development
Centre Africain
pour
les
Applications de la Météorologie
+au Développement
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th
No: 10 from 7 to 13 March 2016
Climate conditions are favorable for a high vigilance for meningitis cases over southeastern Niger, northwestern Nigeria and
Numéro
du 1er
au 8 Janvier 2012
Cameroon, and
central001
western
Chad.
Moderate vigilance is detected over eastern Mali, southern Niger, northern Nigeria and Cameroon, and western Chad.
Low vigilance is observed over the remaining parts of the meningitis belt.
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OBSERVED CLIMATE SITUATION: 7 to 13 March 2016

Most of meningitis belt experienced low humidity (below 20%) in particular over eastern Senegal and Gambia, southern
Mauritania, most of Mali, Niger, Burkina Faso and Chad, northern Nigeria and Cameroon, and northwestern Sudan. Relative
humidity between 20 and 40% prevailed over western Senegal and Mauritania, northern Côte d’Ivoire, Ghana and Nigeria.
Relative humidity between 40 and 60% was observed over the remaining parts of the belt. (Figure 2).
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 Moderate concentrations (50 to 200µg/m ) prevailed over most of Sudan, Mauritania, Mali, Burkina Faso and Gulf of Guinea
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countries. The concentrations of 200 to 500 µg/ m were observed over northern Mauritania, Mali and Nigeria, most of Niger
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and western Chad. The highest concentrations of above 500 to 2000 µg/ m prevailed over bordering area of Niger, Nigeria and
Chad (Figure 3).
 Negative meridian winds were dominant over much of the meningitis belt in particular over Senegal, Gambia, Mauritania, Mali,
Niger, Chad and Sudan. (Figure 4).
 The ITD is located over North Atlantic, central Guinea, northern Côte d’Ivoire, Ghana, Togo, Benin, Nigeria and Cameroon,
southern Chad and northern CAR (See figure 2 No. 07 Dekadal bulletin 2016).
Given these climate conditions, a high vigilance is observed for meningitis cases over southeastern Niger, northwestern Nigeria
and Cameroon, and central western Chad.
Moderate vigilance is detected over eastern Mali, southern Niger, northern Nigeria and Cameroon, and western Chad.
Low vigilance is observed over the remaining parts of the meningitis belt.
Figure 1: African Meningitis Belt
Figure 2: Relative Humidity 7th to 13th March 2016
Source: .NOAA/.NCEP-NCAR/.CDAS-1/.DAILY
Figure 3 : Dust Concentration (μg/m3) 7th to 13th March 2016
(Source WMO SDS-WAS: BSC-DREAM8b)
Figure 4: Meridional Wind 7th to 13th March 2016
Source: .NOAA/.NCEP-NCAR/.CDAS-1/.DAILY
Vigilance map for emergence of meningitis in Africa