OSESG-GL - Media Monitoring, 9 March 2015

Transcription

OSESG-GL - Media Monitoring, 9 March 2015
Disclaimer:
This media monitoring is sent to you only for your information. The inclusion of the attached news items is not an endorsement of the Office of the Special Envoy of
the Secretary-General for the Great Lakes Region in Africa or that of the United Nations Organization. Further use or distribution of this media monitoring must be
guided accordingly.
Office of the Special Envoy of the Secretary-General for the Great Lakes in Africa
MEDIA MONITORING
9 March 2015
Burundi's Catholic Church speaks out over third mandate for president
Source: AFP World News
Bujumbura, 7 March 2015 - Burundi's influential Catholic Church on Saturday spoke
out against suspected plans by President Pierre Nkurunziza to stay in office for a
controversial third mandate.
With just four months to go before general elections, tensions have been mounting in
the small central African nation over Nkurunziza's bid to stay put and reports of the
repression of the opposition and dissidents.
Burundi's constitution allows a president to be elected only twice -- for a total of 10
years in power -- but Nkurunziza argues he has been directly elected by the people only
once. For his first term, beginning in 2005, he was selected by parliament.
But in a newspaper commentary, Bujumbura Archbishop Evariste Ngoyagoye said that
after "analysis" of the peace accord that brought Nkurunziza to power and the
constitution, as well as some soul-searching, it was clear the president should stand
aside.
"The Church does not wish to see Burundi fall back into divisions, clashes or war... and
arrives at the conclusion, without any ambiguity, that any person elected to lead Burundi
cannot go beyond two five-year mandates," the archbishop wrote.
The comment, also agreed by other top Catholic officials in the country, is the first time
the Church has taken an official position on the upcoming elections.
Burundi, a small landlocked nation in central Africa's Great Lakes region, emerged in
2006 from a brutal 13-year civil war.
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Rights groups have warned of growing fears of the risk of violence ahead of elections,
with a string of attacks including a five-day battle in January between the army and
rebels.
Le Burundi affichera les listes électorales provisoires du 12 au 16mars
Source: Source: Agence de presse Xinhua
6 mars 2015 - Le Président de la Commission Electorale Nationale Indépendante
(CENI), Pierre Claver Ndayicariye, a annoncé vendredi que les listes électorales
provisoires de ceux qui se sont fait inscrire seront affichées du 12 au 16 mars et que la
réouverture partielle de l'enrôlement aura lieu dès le lendemain du 17 au 19 mars 2015.
"Les listes électorales provisoires seront affichées du 12 au 16 mars 2015 aux centres
d'inscription qui deviennent des centres d'affichage (...) et la réouverture partielle des
électeurs se fera après l'activité d'affichage du 17 au 19 mars 2015", a annoncé à
Bujumbura Pierre Claver Ndayicariye au cours d'une réunion d’échanges avec tous les
responsables des Commissions Electorales Provinciales Indépendantes (CEPI).
Il a fait savoir que la liste électorale provisoire sera présentée en trois copies dont une
copie à afficher au centre d' inscription qui deviendra le centre d'affichage, une autre qui
sera donnée à l'agent d'affichage et la dernière sera réservée à la Commission
Electorale Communale Indépendante.
Pour ce qui est de la réouverture partielle de l'enrôlement, il a dit qu'elle concerne toute
personne qui n'a pas pu se faire enrôler lors de l'opération d'enrôlement des électeurs
qui a eu lieu aux mois de novembre et de décembre 2014, citant entre autres celles qui
étaient hospitalisées ou en mission.
Il a demandé aux agents d'inscription "de vérifier systématiquement si le candidat
électeur ne figure pas déjà sur la liste électorale provisoire" avant toute inscription.
Il a également informé aux présidents des CEPI qu'il y aura 3 483 équipes mixtes
d'observation pendant l'affichage de ces listes électorales provisoires et de la
réouverture partielle de l' enrôlement des électeurs, comme la CENI l'a convenu avec
toutes les parties prenantes au processus électoral. Le parti au pouvoir, l'opposition, la
société civile, les confessions religieuses et l’administration locale seront représentés
chacun par un membre dans ces équipes.
Pierre Claver Ndayicariye a indiqué qu'il y a au total 3 483 centres d'inscription répartis
sur 2 913 collines ou quartiers.
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Cette rencontre des dirigeants de la CENI avec les présidents des CEPI a eu lieu au
moment où certains agents de saisie des données au Centre de Traitement des
Données issues de l'enrôlement de novembre et de décembre 2014 ont tenté un
mouvement de grève réclamant de nouveaux contrats.
Les élections générales auront lieu entre mai et septembre 2015.
Ban gives UN-AU mission in Darfur a year to shape up
Source: Agence France Presse
United Nations, 6 March 6, 2015 - UN chief Ban Ki-moon is proposing a one-year test
period to determine whether the troubled UN-AU mission in Sudan's Darfur can be
salvaged, in a report released Friday.
In the special review to the Security Council, Ban said the 15-member council will face
"hard decisions" if the mission remains ineffective after a year.
There have been growing calls from Khartoum for the 15,000-strong UNAMID to pull out
after the mission demanded access to a village to investigate claims of a mass rape of
women and girls by Sudanese troops.
The secretary general proposed that during the one-year period, "efforts to address
troop- and police-contingent shortcomings would be redoubled" to improve mobility and
patrols.
President Omar al-Bashir's government "would be called upon" to cooperate, and
denials of access to the UN-AU force would be immediately reported to AU and UN
headquarters, Ban said.
The UN chief laid out three scenarios after the one-year period including streamlining
the mission, strengthening peace-building or considering "hard decisions on the future
of UNAMID" if no improvements result from the changes.
UNAMID's future will be discussed next week when Security Council envoys travel to
AU headquarters in Addis Ababa as part of a tour that will also include stops in the
Central African Republic and Burundi.
The council will then hold a meeting on UNAMID in New York on March 17.
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Deployed since 2007, the mission has been plagued with problems mostly over its dualcommand structure by which the United Nations and the African Union are both running
operations.
The mission is tasked with protecting civilians and securing humanitarian aid in the
western region of Sudan, where more than 300,000 have been killed in 11 years of
conflict.
More than two million people have been forced from their homes, but the mission has
often been barred from accessing conflict areas and its forces have been targeted in
attacks.
In November, an internal UN probe of allegations that UNAMID was covering up crimes
by Sudanese forces against Darfur civilians found that there was an under-reporting of
crimes.
But the special review team which looked at 16 incidents, some of which involved
possible wrongdoing by Sudanese government or pro-government forces, concluded
that there was no evidence of a willful cover-up.
UNAMID announced in late February that it was cutting 770 jobs to streamline its
operations.
It’s up to women to make it happen
Source: The National (UAE).
By Shelina Zahra Janmohamed
6 March 2015 - "Girls are beautiful and boys are smart.” This is my four-year-old
daughter’s latest pronouncement. She also currently believes that doctors are boys and
nurses are girls. But then she also thinks there is a tooth fairy, that flowers can talk and
that I really will cook spider soup for her dinner if she’s naughty. Even so, none of this
changes the fact that despite being brought up in a family where she is given every
opportunity, and sees choices and opportunities given to both genders, she has been
infected with the stubborn social idea that girls are about looks and nurturing, and boys
are about skills and making things happen.
Thank goodness then that the theme for [yesterday]’s (8 March) International Women’s
Day is “make it happen”.
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Disclaimer:
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Tradition and authority can make it feel impossible for women to change the status quo,
especially when our assumptions of what is suitable behaviour for men and women run
so deep. If our daughters are told the options open to them, and their education,
choices and life decisions are shaped accordingly, then no matter how much we talk
about change it will never come.
Women continue to suffer poor opportunities – and therefore life outcomes. They are
twice as likely to be illiterate as men. Globally, nearly 500 million adult women are
illiterate compared to just over 250 million men. Maternal mortality, physical and sexual
violence against women, economic poverty, greater share of housework, denial of
autonomy … the list of discriminatory and negative events facing women is vast.
We need to stand firm against such discrimination. Women must be at the forefront of
that change. All women must take a critical look at their own attitudes and actions to see
how, both in our deepest hearts as well as our most obvious actions, we may be
entrenching negative attitudes towards women. As mothers-in-law, perhaps we expect
our daughters-in-law to act as maids to our sons, while our sons abuse them. We may
be discouraging our daughters from careers that are said to be “unsuitable for women”
even though they show huge aptitude. We may sing the praises of a young girl who is
“fair” and talk disparagingly of a darker-skinned child. We may dismiss the efforts of
women in the public sphere as unbecoming, manlike or brazen. We may condone child
marriage. We may sneer at women who leave abusive marriages. I’ve seen such
attitudes in all cultures, all classes and in developing and developed nations alike.
All too often, women police the status quo, even though the victims are women too.
Sometimes, this is understandable. Women who have suffered at the hands of other
women, may believe that those they make suffer should suck it up. But they also believe
that they can do nothing to change the situation. But women must believe to their very
core that things can be different and a more equitable future is possible.
Men are partners in creating this change. But as women living the experience, we must
be the front line for change against socially entrenched ideas.
Action comes from the intractable belief that women deserve better. We deserve better.
We must make it happen.
5
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International Women's Day: Number of female lawmakers doubles in 20
years
Source: The Guardian
By Mark Anderson and Ami Sedghi
Inter-Parliamentary Union reports worldwide increase in female MPs but says
fast-track impact of quotas has reached its peak
8 March 2015 - The percentage of female lawmakers has nearly doubled over the past
two decades, but the hefty impact of quotas that require a minimum amount of women
MPs may soon wear off, forcing new gender equality strategies to be introduced, the
Inter-Parliamentary Union (IPU) has said.
Electoral quotas, which require countries to appoint a minimum number of female
lawmakers, have been rolled out in more than 120 countries, according to the IPU.
These quotes are “central” to the strides the world has made in closing the political
gender gap, it said.
The global average of women in parliament has increased from 11.3% in 1995 to 22.1%
in 2015, according to the IPU. But progress in raising the number of female lawmakers
has slowed in recent years, said the IPU’s secretary general, Martin Chungong.
But the organisation said “a significant brake on progress in 2014 could be an indicator
that the fast-track impact of quotas has reached its peak and other measures investing
in women’s political empowerment are needed to complement quotas”.
6
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Disclaimer:
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“After the optimism and belief in 2013 that gender parity in parliament was within reach
in a generation, the lack of significant progress in 2014 is a major blow,” said
Chungong.
The IPU is a 126-year-old organisation that coordinates dialogue between
parliamentarians from around the world, with the aim of promoting human rights and
democracy.
Rwanda came top of the most recent rankings with 63.8% female lawmakers, while 13
countries registered 40% or more women in the lower or single houses of parliament.
Along with Rwanda, Andorra and Bolivia have made the most progress since 1995 in
improving women’s political reputation, the IPU said.
Only three countries – Finland, the Seychelles and Sweden – ranked among the top 10
countries for female MPs in both 1995 and 2015.
7
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Four countries from sub-Saharan Africa – Rwanda, Seychelles, Senegal and South
Africa – ranked in this year’s top 10 for women lawmakers.
The Americas region made the biggest strides in promoting political gender equality
during the reporting period, raising the percentage of female lawmakers from 12.7% in
1995 to 26.4% in 2015.
Chungong said the data is “a timely reminder that progress is not a given” and added:
“Political action and will must remain a constant if we are to successfully tackle the
gender deficit in politics. There is no room for complacency.
“Although 2014 didn’t deliver on the expectations of 2013, the last 20 years have made
it clear that women are now partners at the political table. The challenge now is in
making sure women become equal partners in how democracy is delivered.”
8
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Journée internationale de la Femme : l’Unesco a organisé une
importante conférence à Paris
Source: Agence d'Information d'Afrique centrale
Par Hermione Désirée Ngoma
Dans le cadre de la célébration de la Journée internationale de la Femme, il a été
organisé le 4 mars au siège de l’Unesco à Paris la Conférence sur le thème «
Repensons l’autonomisation des femmes et l’égalité des genres en 2015 et audelà».
7 mars 2015 - L’éducation des filles et des femmes et la reconnaissance de
l’importance de l’autonomisation des femmes pour le développement durable ont
dominé les débats de cette conférence. L’événement, le premier d’une série de
célébrations prévues dans le cadre de la Journée internationale de la femme 2015, a vu
six panélistes examiner les progrès réalisés depuis la Conférence mondiale sur les
femmes de Beijing en 1995, et les défis qui restent à relever pour l’égalité des genres.
Au cours de son discours d’inauguration, la directrice générale de l’Unesco, Irina
Bokova, a rappelé la vision qui s’était dégagée à Beijing, où chaque fille et chaque
femme pouvait vivre librement et faire ses propres choix, vivre sans crainte de
violences, aller à l’école, participer aux prises de décisions, exprimer sa volonté et
recevoir un salaire égal pour un travail égal. « Vingt ans plus tard, cette vision reste une
source d’inspiration, » a-t-elle déclaré, décrivant les progrès réalisés comme timides.
« Nous devons, de nouveau, voir les choses en grand aujourd’hui, » a annoncé Mme
Bokova. « Si nous ne témoignons pas de plus d’audace et d’innovation, l’ambitieux
agenda de développement actuellement en préparation ne sera pas réalisable. » Pour
la directrice générale, l’éducation est l’une des clés du changement, et c’est la raison
pour laquelle l’Unesco a fait de l’éducation des filles et des femmes une priorité
absolue.
La Vice-Présidente de la République islamique d’Iran, Masoumeh Ebtekar, a expliqué
aux participants de la conférence que les objectifs fixés à Beijing devaient être
réexaminés afin de faire progresser l’égalité des genres de façon plus efficace. Elle a
exhorté l’Unesco à recueillir et diffuser des initiatives fructueuses promouvant l’égalité
des genres à travers le monde, dans le but d’accélérer les progrès dans ce domaine,
indispensable pour parvenir à la durabilité.
Laura Chinchilla, ancienne Présidente du Costa Rica, a souligné la nécessité d’une
approche beaucoup plus proactive à tous les niveaux pour faire de l’égalité des genres
9
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une réalité, notamment dans les domaines politique et économique. « Soyons clairs, at-elle dit, plus nous autonomiserons les femmes dans l’économie, plus nous
connaîtrons de succès dans leur autonomisation politique et sociale.»
Tsetska Tsacheva, Présidente de l’Assemblée nationale de la République de Bulgarie,
a quant à elle mis l’accent sur le lien entre égalité des genres, démocratie, et
développement durable. En Bulgarie, a-t-elle exposé, l’une des priorités nationales
relatives aux droits de l’homme est les droits des filles et des femmes, y compris
l’éducation et l’autonomisation, qui a été reconnue comme essentielle pour le
développement et doit être inclue à l’agenda pour le développement post-2015.
Gertrude Mongella était la secrétaire générale de la quatrième Conférence
internationale sur les femmes à Beijing, il y a vingt ans. Rappelant l’énergie et
l’enthousiasme autour de l’événement, elle a déclaré aux participants « que l’égalité des
genres et l’autonomisation des femmes représentent une révolution, il n’y a pas de
marche arrière. Vous ne pouvez pas parler de démocratie sans femmes. »
Découpage du Katanga en RDC: Moise Katumbi annonce son départ
Par RFI
8 mars 2015 - Au cours d'une cérémonie ce samedi 7 mars dans la cadre de la Journée
internationale des femmes, Moise Katumbi Chapwe a dit au revoir à la population du
Katanga. Le gouverneur de la riche province cuprifère de RDC a annoncé qu'il attendait
la nomination des futurs animateurs des quatre provinces qui constituent désormais
l'ancien Katanga redécoupé territorialement pour partir. Ce qui a créé une forte émotion
au sein de la foule.
Selon le nouveau découpage, la République démocratique du Congo compte 26
provinces au lieu de 11 jusqu'il y a quelques jours. Si dans certaines provinces, ce
découpage n'a pas créé beaucoup de remous, au Katanga par contre, de nombreuses
personnes ont rejeté la démarche.
En 2010, l’association culturelle Lwanzo Lwa Mikuba avait initié une pétition envoyée à
Kinshasa pour dire « non » à ce qui avait été décidé en 2006. Le président de cette
association, Vano Kiboko, est aujourd’hui en prison. Gabriel Kyungu wa Kumwanza,
président de l’Assemblée provinciale du Katanga, est revenu à la charge deux fois, en
2010 et tout récemment, avec des pétitions qui auraient dépassé le million de
signatures, pour dire à nouveau « non » à cette forme de découpage territorial.
10
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Gabriel Kyungu jouit aussi d’une grande notoriété au sein de la population katangaise,
avec Jean-Claude Muyambo Kyassa en prison à Kinshasa, ils sont également
considérés, à côté de Moise Katumbi Chapwe, comme de grands leaders katangais. Et
pour une frange non moins importante des Katangais, la solution de la gestion du
Katanga n’est pas l’éclatement, c’est plutôt la rétrocession effective des recettes aux
provinces.
Rwanda, Tanzania Stabilize Diplomatic Relations
Source: News of Rwanda
Relations between Rwanda and Tanzania could be described as cordial and a
signal to an end of the sour fallout since 2013.
8 March 2015 - President Paul Kagame on Saturday [7 March] invited to Kigali his
Tanzanian counterpart Jakaya Mrisho Kikwete to attend the 9th Northern Corridor
Integration Projects summit.
Kikwete that has since 2013 occasionally avoided several regional meetings recently
assumed the rotational chairmanship of the EAC bloc, a position that requires him to
attend such high-level meetings.
He told the four heads of state gathered in Kigali, “I want to extend my thanks to
President Paul Kagame for inviting me to this summit.”
Most recently, Kikwete and Kagame had in February met at the 16th Summit of EAC
Heads of State in Nairobi, Kenya.
In May 2013, during an African Union summit in Ethiopia, Kikwete suggested that the
Rwandan government should open talks with the FDLR Hutu militia based in eastern
DR Congo.
Rwanda considers the FDLR grouping a collection of genocidaires that should be
prosecuted for their role in the 1994 genocide against Tutsi that claimed over a million
lives.
During the same AU summit, Kikwete also urged Uganda’s President Yoweri Museveni
to consider negotiating with Allied Democratic Forces and the National Army for the
Liberation of Uganda, as well as asking DR Congo’s President Joseph Kabila to talk to
the M23 rebels and other forces operating in eastern Congo.
11
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Kikwete’s call for Rwanda to negotiate with the FDLR attracted a lot of criticism
prompting Kagame to respond after a month saying; “I kept quiet about this because of
the contempt I have for it. I thought it was utter nonsense.”
Kagame added, “ May be it was due to ignorance but if this is an ideological problem for
anyone to be thinking this way, then it better stay with those who have it.”
The Opposition politicians in Tanzania used the parliament to pressure President
Kikwete to mend fences with Rwanda.
Kikwete’s government told parliament it was not going to apologise to Kigali over the
statements.
However, later in August 2013, the Tanzanian government requested Uganda’s
President Yoweri Museveni to help mediate its bitter row with Rwanda.
In September 2013, for the first time after the bitter fallout, Presidents Kagame and
Kikwete met in Uganda’s capital Kampala for a security summit organized by the
International Conference on the Great Lakes Region.
During the summit, President Kagame angrily questioned why Kikwete was “Siding” with
FDLR.
At that time, the row between Kigali and Dar es Salaam presented a big security risk to
the region and was also seen as a threatening efforts to make the East African
Community a success.
The Northern Corridor is the transport corridor linking the landlocked countries of
Uganda, Rwanda, South Sudan and Burundi to Kenya’s Maritime Port of Mombasa.
Kikwete proposed for continued integration of the region, requesting for extension of
Northern corridor to Central corridor in which Tanzania fully benefits.
Kagame hosted his visitors to lunch including; Tanzania’s Jakaya Kikwete, Uhuru
Kenyatta of Kenya, Salva Kiir Mayardit of South Sudan, Burundi’s Second Vice
President Gervais Rufyikiri, Ethiopia’s Minister for Foreign Affairs Tedros Adhanom
Ghebreyesus and EAC Secretary General Richard Sezibera.
12
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Democratic Republic of Congo: The war with a death toll the highest
since the holocaust that you've probably never heard of
By Isabella Ellis in International
After the Holocaust we said ‘’never again’’, yet in the war-torn Democratic
Republic of Congo the death toll nears that of the innocent Jews Hitler
slaughtered in 1930. The people of the mineral rich nation are being massacred,
tortured and raped in terrifying numbers. Yet, led by the media we have turned a
blind eye to their suffering.
8 March 2015 - In a country widely regarded to be the world’s richest live some of the
world’s poorest. Its abundant natural resources plundered by surrounding nations, its
people slaughtered in millions, all the while ignored almost completely by the rest of the
world.
The Democratic Republic of the Congo has been embroiled in over 125 years of
conflict. It has endured slavery, colonialism, the assassination of its first leader,
dictatorships, invasion and nearly six million people have been massacred. Over 10,000
civilians are estimated to die in DRC every month; half of these are children under the
age of five.
Despite a 2003 peace treaty, war in DRC rages on, with experts on the area claiming it
is like no other.
‘’Capitalism isn't fighting communism; there are no Sunnis fighting Shiites, or Kurds
fighting Turks; no philosophical, religious, or national destinies in clash. Violence isn't a
means to a higher end in DRC, but the expression of a deeper social, political and
historical rot.’’ Explained Armin Rosen, following a week-long visit to DRC last summer.
The country is currently experiencing what is known as the 'Second Congo War', just a
year after the first (Image: Reuters)
In 1885 the central African nation was given to the King of Belgium, who made
approximately 1bn US dollars from cultivating resources using slaves. This was when
the discovery was first made about Congo’s mass of natural minerals.
Desolate villages, destroyed by years of conflict, lie on mines harbouring some of
Africa’s richest mineral supplies. Gold, Diamonds, Uranium, the Cobalt that brings
colour to your computer screen, the Copper that helps build millions of cars is all
plentiful in DRC. The country has fallen foul to a problem that strangles much of the
world, the greed of other nations for its natural resources culminating in death and
corruption on a macabre and massive scale.
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Democratic Republic of Congo is bordered by Rwanda and Uganda
DRC has become known as Rwanda’s victim. Following the ethnic cleansing mission of
the Hutu in Rwanda, many Hutu crossed into DRC in 1994 amongst thousands of
refugees who feared retribution. It is the Hutu that make up many of the militias,
currently locked in deadly conflict with the Hunde.
Just a year after DRC gained independence in 1961, Prime Minister Lumumba (the first
democratically elected Congolese leader), was captured and murdered by soldiers loyal
to Joseph Mobuto. The US supported Mobuto, as he seized power and used the DRC
(which he renamed Zaire) as a platform for operations against Soviet-backed Angola in
1965. However, once the Cold War was over, the US lost interest and ignored the
looming Rwandan invasion.
In 1996 Rwanda invaded led by Kugami, who aimed to eliminate the Hutu militias that
had developed in the years following the genocide, with the help of his Ugandan ally. As
anti-Mobuto rebel efforts were boosted by the invasion, the rebels captured the capital
and Laurent Kabila became president.
The reasons for the on-going war seemingly have become lost in the bloodshed and the
Congolese government is all but ineffective, as militias wage war predominantly in the
country’s east. The mask of an ethnic war is helpful to the warlords who simply want to
access the mines, devastating all that is in their way.
In 2011, statistics were released that estimated 1152 women are raped in DRC everday
Today [8 March] it’s International Women’s Day. Rwanda has been championed for its
parliament having the strongest representation of women in the world. The underside of
this figure is however grisly to the say the least, as Rwanda's involvement in the rape
campaign in DRC is indisputable. As is the nature of the sprawling conflict, the origin or
allegiance of the attackers varies widely, but maybe this figure should be hitting
headlines today, instead.
The extensive rape campaign reached a level of 48 women per hour in 2011 and the
stories that come out of the country are enough to chill even the most hardened of
peacekeepers. How this has the ability to destabilise communities is often
underestimated, as the women and girls are left dishonoured and scarred, the children
devastated and the men distraught and hopeless.
Salongo National Park in DRC makes up part of the 2nd largest rainforest in the world
The failure of the world to react to the Rwandan genocide, notably the US and UN, has
left many supposing it is their guilt that has facilitated both Uganda and Rwanda’s
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invasion of the DRC, supported of course by economic and military motivation. In the
last 14 years, the US has pledged over 1bn in aid to Rwanda.
The sanctions we see slapped on Russia in wake of their advances on Ukraine are out
of sight for these neighbouring nations. Not that the deaths in Ukraine should ever be
undermined, but they total just 0.09% of the total who have been killed in DRC since
1998.
The conflict in the DRC shows no sign of letting up, the war within the beauty of Africa’s
heart being a living hell for its citizens. ‘’There’s something wrong, there’s something
wrong with us in terms of the way we think about Africa.’’ Reiterates Howard French,
associate professor at Columbia’s school of journalism.
It is an unsurprising tragedy that a country so accustomed to conflict but so abundant in
resources, devoid of an effective government is in such a perilous situation. A leaked
UN report of Obama’s investigations in Congo, refers to Rwanda as carrying out 'crimes
against humanity, war crimes or even genocide in DRC'. As of yet, as is typical in these
situations - action on these findings is yet to be seen. In the meantime, what has been
called ‘Africa’s world war’ will rage on and lives will be both taken and ruined, in
thousands; as their hopes dwindle of the world ever waking up.
Get the UN out of Congo, give the money to Malawi
Source: NTV (Blog)
By Charles Onyango Obbo
8 March 2015 - The UN Security Council will renew the UN mission in the strife-torn
Democratic Republic of Congo, Council president Francois Delattre, France’s
permanent representative to UN who holds the rotating council presidency for March,
said on Tuesday. However, Delattre said, the UN Secretariat has proposed “a
drawdown of more than 2,000 troops” from the UN mission for DRC, Monusco’s current
20,000 personnel; the intention is to make the peacekeeping operation more mobile.
What Delattre didn’t add is that Monusco is also currently the most expensive UN
mission, eating up an eye-watering $1.53 billion a year. And after nearly 15 years, its
achievements in DRC have been modest at best. There are those who argue Monusco
has become a corrupt food fest. Others say it lacks the political will to put the hammer
down, except for the one time it did so with the M23 rebels. But there is a view that even
with the best intentions, the mission was destined to fail. Commentators who are jaded
by the conflicts in Central Africa and places like South Sudan, Uganda editor Andrew
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Mwenda being one of them, argue that these peacekeeping missions and negotiations
to create power-sharing governments, many times only prolong a bad ending. That
these conflicts should be left to play out, until a clear winner whose claim to the crown is
not disputed — like Yoweri Museveni and his National Resistance Movement in 1986,
and Paul Kagame and the Rwanda Patriotic Front in 1994. That wars that are stopped
by a referee, like in South Sudan, DRC, and CAR, lead to too many claimants to the
throne hanging around, and the leader without the authority to knock heads together
and restore order, because he didn’t get to the top through his own sweat. It usually isn’t
long before the war resumes. However, that is something the world is not about to
accept. But there is something else it can begin to look at. Monusco’s budget, as we
already noted, is $1.53 billion a year. The DRC’s annual budget is nearly $8.3 billion.
Failing to stabilise eastern DRC, therefore burns up the equivalent of nearly 19 per cent
of the country’s budget. There are many peaceful, reasonably governed countries in
Africa that don’t even get 10 per cent of what is spent on Monusco in a year. So, we
have a moral hazard. Countries basically get big money for bad behaviour, and the
good ones are punished. Why doesn’t the UN try two things: First, get the $1.53 billion
and give it to Cape Verde or even Malawi and wait and see. They may well perform
miracles with it. The idea is to get thugs in places like eastern Congo to envy nations
that are flourishing, and change their ways. The second would be to take the money
and give it as cash handouts to the people of eastern DRC. The warlords may want to
establish peace and steal the money indirectly through regular state taxes. Or the
people may now have so much at stake, they will rise up against the militias and crooks
in the east and take back their country. We can’t be sure it will work, but we can be sure
nothing will come out of continuing to sink the money into things like Monusco.
Charles Onyango-Obbo is editor of Mail & Guardian Africa (mgafrica.com) Twitter:
@cobbo3
Offensive de l'armée congolaise contre les FDLR: un bilan à nuancer
Par RFI
Le bilan est toujours aussi controversé après presque deux semaines d'offensive
contre Forces démocratiques de libération du Rwanda dans l'est de la République
démocratique du Congo. Le porte-parole de l'armée congolaise fait état de
progrès importants, mais ce bilan semble à nuancer.
9 mars 2015 - Le porte-parole des forces armées de RDC (FARDC) affirme que l’armée
a repris au moins sept localités du Nord et Sud-Kivu au cours du week-end, récupéré
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d'importantes quantités de munitions et du matériel de combat, et neutralisé 180
miliciens (118 auraient été capturés dont 37 pour ce seul dimanche 8 mars).
« Dire que l’armée récupère quelques localités oui, mais parler de victoire militaire, c'est
aller trop loin », estime un observateur de terrain. Selon lui, les récentes avancées de
l’armée congolaise sont davantage symboliques qu’autre chose. Car la plupart du
temps, rapportent plusieurs sources, les FDLR désertent dès les premiers coups de feu,
pour aller se retrancher en forêt. Puis quelques jours plus tard, « tout est à refaire ».
Petites unités mobiles
Les rebelles hutus rwandais avaient prévenu qu’ils ne combattraient pas, rappelle un
expert. « Se sachant affaiblis, ils ont choisi la technique du repli », assure-t-il. Des
rebelles constitués pour l'essentiel en petites unités mobiles et habitués à se camoufler
au sein de la population. Résultat : de jour en jour, le problème se déplace, mais
certains doutent de l'efficacité sur le long terme, et affirment qu’au fond les capacités
opérationnelles des rebelles ne seraient pas véritablement affectées.
Voilà pour la situation de terrain. Quant au bilan humain fourni par l'armée. Il suscite
également des réserves. Parmi les 118 prisonniers revendiqués à ce jour, tous ont-ils
été arrêtés pendant cette offensive ? Certains affirment, à Goma, qu'une partie d'entre
eux s'étaient déjà rendus. Hier soir, l'armée congolaise n'était pas en mesure de
préciser combien, parmi les rebelles aux arrêts, exerçaient des responsabilités au sein
des FDLR.
Congo-Kinshasa: Nord-Kivu - 22 militaires condamnés à de lourdes
peines pour meurtres, vols et viols
Source: Radio Okapi
De lourdes peines ont été prononcées contre 22 militaires samedi 7 mars par le
tribunal militaire garnison de Goma (Nord-Kivu) siégeant en chambre foraine à
Kitshanga. Ils ont été reconnus coupables de meurtre, viol, vol à mains armés,
détention illégale d'armes et de munitions de guerre, participation aux
mouvements insurrectionnels et arrestations arbitraires.
8 mars 2015 - Deux militaires ont été condamnés à perpétuité, pour meurtre. Trois
autres ont écopé de la peine de mort pour extorsions et vols à mains armées.
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Dix-sept autres prévenus ont écopé des peines allant de 7 à 20 ans de prison. Ils sont
également condamnés à payer des dommages et intérêts. Deux autres militaires
poursuivis dans la même affaire ont été acquittés, faute de preuves.
Par ailleurs, le tribunal militaire s'est déclaré incompétent pour juger le dossier d'un
mineur, accusé de détention illégale d'armes.
Les habitants de Kitshanga, qui ont suivi ces audiences, se sont félicités du travail de la
justice. Ils demandent que ces condamnés purgent réellement leurs peines.
Les audiences foraines (hors de palais de justice), qui ont duré 20 jours, ont été
organisées avec l'appui du Pnud, de la Monusco et de l'Association du barreau
américain (ABA).
Congo : le parti au pouvoir réitère la nécessité de changer la Constitution
Source: VOA
Par Emmanuel Badibanga
Le parti du président Denis Sassous Nguesso, le Parti Congolais du Travail, au
pouvoir, a évoqué vendredi la nécessité de changer la Constitution. Mais
l'opposition dénonce l'intention de tricher de la part du pouvoir.
9 mars 2015 - « La constitution de 2002, qui limite le nombre de mandats présidentiels
à deux et l'âge limite des candidats à 70 ans, a fait son temps » estime Pierre Ngolo,
secrétaire général du PCT, cité par l’AFP.
L'opposition soupçonne le parti congolais du travail de chercher ainsi à offrir au
président Denis Sassou Nguesso la possibilité de se représenter à l’approche des
élections en 2016.
Belges et Néerlandais tombent d’accord pour partager une même
ambassade à Kinshasa
Source: L'Avenir via DigitalCongo.net
Une première dans la coopération avec la RDC, les pays du Benelux vont
partager une même ambassade à Kinshasa dont la pose de la première pierre
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s’est effectué au nom du ministre Didier Reynders en présence du ministre
congolais des Affaires étrangères Raymond Tshibanda.
7 mars 2015 - Le mardi 26 août 2014, dans le cadre du raffermissement de la
coopération belgo-congolaise, était lancé, à Kinshasa, la construction d’une nouvelle
chancellerie BENELUX. Au nom de Didier Reynders, Vice-premier ministre et ministre
des Affaires étrangères du Royaume de Belgique, le ministre d’Etat Armand De Decker
avait participé, en présence de Raymond Tshibanda, ministre congolais de
Coopération, à la cérémonie de pose de la première pierre.
Cette grande première dans le monde est un signal fort qui rappelle l’excellence des
relations entre Kinshasa et Bruxelles, le Royaume de Belgique soutenant les efforts de
démocratisation et de modernisation de la Rd Congo, contrairement aux constructeurs
de containers. Les choses ont bien évolué, à en croire Belga. Les gouvernements
belge et néerlandais ont assisté, le mercredi 4 mars à un conseil des ministres commun
à La Haye. Le but est de renforcer leur collaboration dans de nombreux domaines et en
particulier la lutte contre la radicalisation, la surveillance de l’espace aérien,
l’intervention d’hélicoptères pour lutter contre des incendies et le partage d’une
ambassade à Kinshasa.
C’est la troisième fois que les deux gouvernements, presque au complet, se réunissent.
Certains en avaient clairement envie : « c’est toujours agréable de venir aux Pays-Bas
», a commenté le ministre de l’Emploi, Kris Peeters, tandis que son collègue Koen
Geens de la Justice parlait d’une « journée entière de chouettes négociations avec des
collègues charmants ».
Dans leur discours d’accueil aussi, les deux chefs de gouvernement, Mark Rutte et
Charles Michel, ont souligné la bonne collaboration entre les deux pays. « C’est
particulièrement positif que nous donnions un second souffle à cette tradition », a
estimé M. Rutte. M. Michel a quant à lui fait référence au sommet Benelux qui se
tiendra en avril à Bruxelles. Tant le ministre de la Justice que son collègue de l’Intérieur,
Jan Jambon, ont mis en avant la lutte contre le radicalisme, dans les thèmes de
discussion. « C’est un thème qui occupe tout le monde en Europe occidentale. Tout le
monde est en train de renforcer sa législation. Ils sont occupés sur certaines choses,
nous sommes occupés sur certaines choses. C’est bien que nous ayons un échange de
vue à ce sujet », a souligné Jan Jambon.
Les ministres de la Défense vont également signer un traité sur la défense de l’espace
aérien au-dessus du Benelux. Le ministre de l’Emploi évoquera la mobilité des
travailleurs entre les deux pays, tandis que la Belgique et les Pays-Bas se mettront
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également d’accord sur le partage de l’ambassade à Kinshasa, la capitale de la
République démocratique du Congo (RDC).
Kinshasa : ouverture du procès d’un citoyen belge accusé de viol sur
mineures
Source: AFP / MCN, via mediacongo.net
Kinshasa, 7 mars 2015 - Le procès d’un ressortissant belge accusé de viol sur
mineures de la République démocratique du Congo (RDC), Francis Delise, s’est ouvert
vendredi 6 mars à Kinshasa, a-t-on appris de source officielle.
«Le procès s’est ouvert ce vendredi au tribunal de grande instance» de la Gombe à
Kinshasa, a indiqué à l’AFP, sous le couvert de l’anonymat, une source au ministère
congolais du Genre, de la Famille et de l’Enfant.
«La prochaine audience de son procès est fixée au 20 mars» et, en attendant, «il est
détenu à Makala», la grande prison de Kinshasa, a-t-elle précisé.
M. Delise, âgé de 74 ans, est accusé de viol sur deux jeunes Congolaises de 11 et 13
ans.
Selon la police congolaise, M. Delise est père de trois enfants et divorcé, et il est en
séjour irrégulier en RDC depuis 2011.
En vertu de la loi congolaise, M. BDelise encourt cinq à vingt ans de prison si les faits
qui lui sont reprochés sont avérés.
À Bruxelles, le Service public fédéral (SPF) Affaires étrangères avait confirmé
l’arrestation mardi d’un ressortissant belge sous l’accusation de fait de mœurs.
«L’ambassade lui fournit une assistance consulaire. Des représentants de l’ambassade
lui ont aussi rendu visite et un avocat pro deo lui a été trouvé», avait précisé un porteparole du département à l’agence Belga.
Viols en RDC: les officiers de police formés pour aider les victimes
Par RFI
8 mars 2015 - Selon le PNUD (programme des Nations unies pour le développement),
au moins quarante femmes ou fillettes sont violées chaque jour en République
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démocratique du Congo et ce, dans une quasi-impunité. Dans le cadre de son
programme d’appui au gouvernement congolais pour lutter contre les violences
sexuelles, le PNUD a initié un programme de formation à destination des officiers de
police judiciaire. La première session, dans l’est de la RDC, vient de s’achever.
Objectif : donner à la RDC les moyens de faire face au fléau du viol et lutter contre
l'impunité. Pour y parvenir, il s'agit de mettre la victime en confiance, de travailler en
équipe, de bien évaluer la qualité d’une preuve et de transmettre le dossier le plus
rapidement possible à la justice. Voilà quelques-uns des enseignements délivrés au
cours de cette formation.
Ces dernières années, des unités spécialisées contre les violences sexuelles ont vu le
jour dans l’est de la RDC, mais trouver du personnel qualifié est difficile. Le
commandant David Bodeli est formateur et dirige ces unités pour le Sud-Kivu. Selon lui,
la formation des officiers de police est primordiale : « Malheureusement, cela arrive que
les victimes ne soient pas mises en confiance, qu'elles se replient. Les enquêtes ne
sont pas bien menées, les victimes sont exposées à leurs bourreaux, donc ce n’est pas
normal qu’on continue de recevoir les victimes par des personnes qui n’ont pas été
formées. »
Les officiers de police sont en première ligne dans le parcours des victimes qui
souhaitent obtenir réparation. Actuellement, l'immense majorité d'entre elles renoncent
et une infime partie des cas portés devant les tribunaux aboutissent à des
condamnations. Masiala Mulahuko s'occupe de ce programme de formation pour le
PNUD. « Il y a également, il faut le dire, un problème de confiance dans le système
judiciaire lui-même, relate-t-il. Il y a tout un nombre de lacunes qui font que la
communauté n’a pas toujours confiance en la justice. » Pour tenter de briser le cercle
de la méfiance et du silence, le PNUD forme également des magistrats militaires et
civils, et accompagne certaines victimes dans leur parcours judiciaire.
Centrafrique: la France réduit ses effectifs
Source: Cameroon Tribune
Par Sainclair MEZING
9 mars 2015 - 300 soldats de l’opération Sangaris vont bientôt regagner l’Hexagone
pour laisser place aux Casques bleus dont le nombre sera revu à la hausse.
L’opération militaire française Sangaris déployée en République centrafricaine, forte de
2000 soldats, devra connaître d’ici quelques semaines une cure d’amaigrissement.
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Quelque 300 hommes devront retourner au pays. Une décision qui rentre en droite ligne
de la mesure prise en décembre dernier par les autorités françaises visant à procéder à
un dégraissage des effectifs de ladite opération. A en croire l’état-major de l’armée
française, les 1700 soldats restants feront l’objet d’un nouveau redéploiement et d’une
réorganisation territoriale. «Nous allons franchir dans les jours à venir un premier palier
de décroissance, en passant à 1 700 hommes. Ce qui entraîne un redéploiement des
unités sur le terrain, de Bangui à Bambari, et de Kagabandoro à Ndélé», explique le
colonel Gilles Jarron, le porte-parole de Sangaris.
Avec l’arrivée en décembre 2014 d’hélicoptères d’attaques «Tigre» et de drones
d’observation, la capacité de réaction des troupes françaises reste inébranlable malgré
la réduction annoncée des effectifs. Pour sa part, la force européenne, Eufor, change
de mission. Dotée de 60 experts et formateurs contre 700 militaires, elle devra
désormais s’employer à la remise à niveau des Forces armées centrafricaines (FACA)
au cours des douze prochains mois. De son côté, la Mission multidimensionnelle
intégrée des Nations unies pour la stabilisation en Centrafrique (MINUSCA) qui compte
aujourd’hui 8 500 casques bleus sur le terrain, devra revoir ses effectifs passés à 12
000 hommes pour renforcer la sécurité avant la période électorale prévue entre juillet et
août 2015. Même si la situation sécuritaire s’est stabilisée à travers le pays avec des
attaques sporadiques. Le dernier incident malheureux en date étant celui du 10 février
dernier au cours duquel 7 personnes ont trouvé la mort dans des affrontements ayant
apposé des troupes de la MINUSCA et des rebelles de l’ex-Séléka à Bria.
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