Nucléaire

Nucléaire
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Nucléaire
En 2009 …
“We witness that a growing number of countries have
expressed interest in nuclear power programmes as a
means to address climate change and energy security
concerns.”
G8 L’Aquila, July 2009
“The new enthusiasm for nuclear is measurable.
Over the next decade, the world is expected to build
180 nuclear power plants, up from just 39 between
1999 and today.”
TIME, August 17, 2009
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Nucléaire
Newsweek, March 28 – April 4, 2011
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Nucléaire
electric
Newsweek, March 28 – April 4, 2011
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Nucléaire
Quelques chiffres
2006 : 15 % de la production mondiale d’électricité
≈ 450 réacteurs nucléaires actuellement en service
65 en construction (62 GW)
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Nucléaire
“According to the National Energy Administration (NEA),
China has the world's largest number of nuclear
reactors under construction at present.
The country is now building 25 reactors with a total
capacity of 27.73 GW. The government has also
approved the construction of 34 other reactors, which
will have a combined capacity of 36.92 GW, according
to the NEA.”
China Daily (27/09/10)
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Nucléaire
Acceptabilité sociale ?
• Différence entre
Opinion PUBLIQUE
et opinion PUBLIÉE
• Variabilité de l’opinion publique en fonction de l’actualité
Europe
2005 : 37 %
2008 : 44 % favorables
2011 : après Fukushima ?
CHANGEMENT
CLIMATIQUE
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Nucléaire
• Échelle de temps et investissements financiers
décision
> 15 ans
production
60 ans ?
• Three Mile Island (1979), Chernobyl (1986),
Fukushima (2011)
• Gestion des “déchets”
• Démantèlement …
• Ressources …
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« Ils constituent un danger pendant des millénaires.
Les enfouir ne suffit pas à garantir leur innocuité. »
Edgar MORIN
Nucléaire
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Nucléaire
“ … no one today can foresee the future of nuclear
energy technology at the end of the 21st century. All
that can be said with confidence now is that the
nuclear power plants of the year 2100 will have about
as much resemblance to today's workhorse lightwater reactors as a modern automobile has to a 1911
Model T…”
Richard K. LESTER, Why Fukushima Won’t Kill Nuclear Power
The Wall Street Journal, April 6, 2011
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Nucléaire
“This is not the time for the nuclear industry to circle
the wagons: The need for intellectual vitality, flexibility
and creativity has never been greater. An already safe
technology must be made demonstrably safer and
less expensive, more secure against the threats of
nuclear proliferation and terrorism, and more
compatible with the capabilities of electric power
systems and the utilities that run them.”
Richard K. LESTER, Why Fukushima Won’t Kill Nuclear Power
The Wall Street Journal, April 6, 2011
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Nucléaire
Besoin de Recherche
Chimie & Métallurgie
Physique des matériaux
Mécanique des matériaux
Comportement à long terme
Simulation
au niveau international
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Nucléaire
Besoin de Recherche
en science & technologie
vers
une solution
nucléaire durable?
au niveau international
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