the international development of the french economy

Transcription

THE INTERNATIONAL
DEVELOPMENT
OF THE FRENCH ECONOMY
2015 Annual Report:
Foreign investment
in France
FOREWORD
Muriel Pénicaud,
Ambassador
CEO
of
for I nternational I nvestment ,
Business France
F
oreign investors’ actions speak volumes: France is an attractive, creative and innovative
economy. In 2015, it stood out as one of the leading countries in Europe, attracting 962 new
investment decisions by foreign companies that created or maintained 33,682 jobs, 27%
more than in 2014.
The strength of French industry can be seen in both the diversity of its sectors and its exceptionally
productive and well-qualified workforce. France can justifiably boast of its network of pre-eminent
engineering schools, and of its industrial champions in fields as varied as aerospace, mechanical
equipment, electrical/electronic equipment, pharmaceuticals, chemicals, perfumes and cosmetics,
and agri-food… Backed by these globally acknowledged key strengths, France continues to attract
foreign investments in strategic activities: 30% of these projects in 2015 were in production/manufacturing,
while 9% were in R&D, engineering and design. For the last 10 years, France has been Europe’s leading
recipient of foreign investment in industry.
The number of investment decisions in Global and European Headquarters was also on the rise, increasing
from 16 investment decisions in 2014 to 27 in 2015. High value-creating activities such as these are
vital to the host regions; headquarters not only require a highly qualified workforce, but are also decisionmaking centers that make it more likely that other operations, such as research laboratories or industrial
facilities, will follow. It therefore becomes important for regions to remain competitive should they wish to
attract and retain decision-making centers like these. German company Siemens, for example, has been
operating in France since 1878, where it has continued to invest over time. In 2015, it decided to make
Toulouse (Languedoc-Roussillon-Midi-Pyrénées region) the global headquarters for all operations relating
to its ‘Val’ range of turnkey automated metro solutions. Similarly, Canadian horticulture and agriculture
specialist Premier Tech is expanding its European headquarters in the Pays de la Loire region by creating
a new automated production line and a new R&D center at the site.
France has any number of key structural advantages: a large domestic market (the sixth largest in the
world), strong demographics, a strategic location serving as a springboard for exports to EMEA markets,
world-renowned quality of life, first-class transport and communication infrastructure, genuine industrial
prowess, and university alliances of international repute.
These major factors in making France an attractive business location are complemented by a wide array
of innovation incentives: highly effective public-private research partnerships, innovation clusters, France’s
research tax credit, scientific talent pools (engineers, PhD holders). Never afraid to be bold and creative,
France is a key driver of global innovation. Among the investors France has attracted to its shores is
Facebook, which is opening its first artificial intelligence research center outside the United States in Paris,
after choosing the French capital for its abundant pool of IT and AI research talent. Similarly, the Google
Institute has declared that France is a ‘frontier nation’, while internationally expanding Japanese cosmetics
leader Shiseido has decided to make France its hub in Europe. London-based therapeutic research specialist
GlaxoSmithKline has invested an additional €12 million in its plant in Saint-Amand-les-Eaux (Nord-Pas
de Calais-Picardie region), which produces vaccines for the entire world, while American IT giant Intel
Corporation has opened in seventh French R&D center and is expanding its operations in France.
2 / 2015 ANNUAL REPORT - BUSINESS FRANCE
The lasting influence and innovation capacity of French businesses, which export their savoir-faire throughout
the world, have already been well-established. France fosters talented entrepreneurs – products of an
excellent education system, thriving business networks, and an inspiring culture – who shine both in France
and beyond. In addition to thousands of SMEs, French startups, which number 5,000 in Paris alone, are
at the forefront of technology and innovation, dreaming up new products, services and solutions on a
daily basis. Brought together within the “La French Tech” community, they astonish, charm, and win over
clients in new markets through their zeal and ingenuity. The ebullience of France’s digital economy can be
gauged by the growth in startups, supported by various schemes, which has seen €1 billion in venture
capital invested in new firms. At the most recent Consumer Electronics Show in Las Vegas, France was the
second leading foreign nation after China by the number of exhibiting startups (more than 120), which
included several prize-winners: Withings, Parrot, Dixvins, Devialet, Lima, and Djit. France was also the
number one nation represented at the Mobile World Congress in Barcelona.
As trade is facilitated and global value chains come to the fore, an array of new strategies have been
developed to exploit trade and investment synergies. Two aspects of international business development,
exports and investments, are put under the microscope in this Annual Report, and the contribution of
foreign companies to trade is examined. In 2015, 32% of French exports were generated by multinational
subsidiaries in France, and our analysis enables a correlation to be made between trade and investment
patterns: the companies that invest the most in France are also largely responsible for French exports and
imports. Such is the case for the French subsidiary of Japanese firm MBK Yamaha Motors, 90% of whose
output is produced for export; the same is true for Chinese chemicals leader Chemchina, whose multiple
investments in France through its subsidiary Adisseo see it, too, achieve 90% of its sales from exports.
The sum of France’s specific attributes combine to form an ecosystem attracting businesses of all sizes,
sectors and nationalities. In 2015, nineteen foreign companies decided to invest in France every week,
joining the likes of Kingfisher, SAP, Toyota, Nestlé, Ikea, AGCO, General Electric, Fedex, and Hexcel,
to name but a few.
France is a creative, innovative country, with a resolutely global outlook, and a preferred location for
foreign investment in Europe. Among the investments in 2015 that reflect this are those by Astrazeneca
(pharmaceutical and biotechnologies); Cizeta Medicali (medical/surgical equipment, diagnostics and
devices); Premier Tech Inc. (agri-food); Dell Computer Corporation, (IT equipment); Robert Bosch GmbH
(automotive industry).
In an ever-more competitive environment, every country is faced with the central challenge of encouraging
businesses to stay put by helping them thrive, while also attracting new foreign talent and investment. This
is why showcasing France’s wide array of key strengths and advantages – excellence in business and
industry, major innovation potential, vibrant arts and culture – along with its creative prowess in a variety
of different sectors has become a necessity. The broad lines of a major international campaign to promote
France’s business image were announced by the President of France at the Strategic Attractiveness Council
on June 16, 2015. Scheduled to run for 18 months, “Créative France” was officially launched in Japan
on October 5, 2015. The aim of the campaign is to draw attention to the high standing and innovation
capability of French businesses, which export French expertise worldwide. The campaign seeks to turn
the spotlight onto a number of different personalities embodying French creativity and savoir-faire, as well
as ambassadors for France’s attractiveness as a nationwide location for foreign talent and investment.
The 2015 Annual Report highlights the sharp increase in jobs generated by foreign investment, underscores
current trends to invest in France to re-export to Europe and the wider world, and offers proof of the
country’s characteristic creativity: France’s key strengths are there for all the see, and they are bearing
fruit. Amid growing international competition for investments, France has the wherewithal and duty
to build on these strengths and make further strides forward. I am delighted that Business France and
its regional partners are playing their part by supporting nearly 530 investment projects through to
completion in the last year.
2015 ANNUAL REPORT - BUSINESS FRANCE / 3
CONTENTS
6 INTERNATIONAL CONTEXT
14 2015 SUMMARY
20 FOREIGN INVESTMENT IN FRANCE IN 2015
48 INVESTMENT ATTRACTIVENESS OF FRANCE’S
REGIONS IN 2015
68 FRENCH EXPORTS IN 2015
78 TRADE AND INVESTMENT SYNERGIES
90 INNOVATION AND INVESTMENT ATTRACTIVENESS
100 SOURCE COUNTRY OVERVIEW
172 APPENDICES
© Shutterstock.com
INTRODUCTION / INTERNATIONAL CONTEXT
INTERNATIONAL CONTEXT
GLOBAL GROWTH
G
lobal growth slowed in 2015 for the fifth year in a
row, and is currently estimated at 3.1%. Advanced
economies continued to experience a slight upturn.
Recovery in developed countries in 2015 amounted
to 1.9%. Growth in the United States remained stable (2.5%),
while slowing to 2.2% in the United Kingdom. In the euro zone,
economic activity rebounded somewhat (1.5%, up from 0.9% in
2014). Growth was recorded in Germany (1.5%), France (1.1%,
versus 0.2% in 2014), as well as in Italy (0.9%, versus -0.4%
in 2014) and Spain (3.2%, versus 1.4% in 2014). Renewed
momentum in France was driven by a bounce in manufacturing
and a brisk pace in market services.
Growth in emerging economies and developed countries slowed
to 4% in 2015. In the BRICs, growth in China was relatively
sluggish compared with previous years (6.9% in 2015), while
Brazil (-3.8%) and Russia (-3.7%) were in recession. Only India
stood out, with growth of 7.3%.
Global growth in 2016 is expected to top 3%. However, the
outlook for the global economy remains vulnerable to a number
of downside risks, including an overall slowdown in emerging
economies, rebalancing of the Chinese economy, falling energy
and commodity prices, as well as tighter monetary policy in the
United States.
FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT
Global foreign direct investment (FDI) flows are thought to have
surged by 36% in 20151 to US$1,700 billion, the highest level
seen since the onset of the global economic and financial crisis in
2008-2009, and were boosted by a rise in cross-border mergers
and acquisitions (M&As).
According to provisional estimates from UNCTAD, the sharp
increase in FDI inflows in developed economies (+90%) was the
main driving force behind this rebound.
After three successive years of downturn, FDI inflows to the
European Union are thought to have increased markedly in 2015,
reaching an estimated US$426 billion. Inflows to the Netherlands
(+146%, rising to US$90 billion), the United Kingdom (+29%,
rising to US$68 billion), and France (+193%, rising to US$44
billion) all rose sharply.
Provisional UNCTAD estimates, cf. Global Investment Trends Monitor, no.22, January 2016
1
FIG. 1 Top 10 FDI* host economies (2015)
US$ billion
GLOBAL TRADE SLOWDOWN CONTINUES
Global trade continued to slacken in 2015, with trade in goods
increasing by only 2.6% in real terms. A number of factors were
behind these weak trade figures, including uneven economic
recovery in developed countries, heightened political tensions,
high exchange rate volatility, a global collapse in oil prices, as
well as lower demand for imports in emerging and developing
economies.
Import growth in advanced economies (4%) in 2015 was
noticeably more buoyant than in emerging economies (0.4%),
where the latter experienced a marked slowdown, having
previously underpinned global trade with solid growth of 3.7%
in 2014.
Hong Kong, China
163
China
136
Netherlands
90
United Kingdom
68
Singapore
65
India 59
Brazil 56
Canada 45
France 44
Source : UNCTAD
* includes purely financial flows
384
United States
STATISTICAL DISPARITIES SURROUNDING FOREIGN INVESTMENT IN FRANCE
Ever since the second half of the 1980s
ushered in an era of increasingly rapid
globalization in the world economy,
foreign direct investment has been at the
heart of global industrial restructuring and
one of the most dynamic components
in international trade. Until recent times,
most of the information available on an
international basis concerning foreign
investment pertained to flows and stocks
of investment recorded in each country’s
balance of payments.
> Foreign
direct investment
According to the benchmark definition of
foreign direct investment provided by the
OECD, in line with the IMF’s Balance of
Payments Manual: “Direct investment is a
category of cross-border investment made
by a resident in one economy (‘the direct
investor’) with the objective of establishing
a lasting interest in an enterprise (‘the direct
investment enterprise’) that is resident in
an economy other than that of the direct
investor. The motivation of the direct
investor is a strategic long-term relationship
with the direct investment enterprise to
ensure a significant degree of influence by
the direct investor in the management of
the direct investment enterprise. The ‘lasting
interest’ is evidenced when the direct
investor owns at least 10% of the voting
power of the direct investment enterprise…”
FDI flows comprise a wide variety of
transactions. In addition to share capital
transactions and reinvested earnings, direct
investment encompasses all short- and
long-term deposits, advances and loan
transactions between affiliated companies.
The end purpose of some of these financial
flows is identical to that of share capital
transactions: this is the case, for example,
when a parent company makes out a loan
to a non-resident subsidiary to cover an
expansion in output capacity. However,
other financial flows arise from fiscal
considerations, involving the establishment
by multinational firms of holding companies
and treasury centers in a number of
European countries for tax purposes.
As such, globalization and the growing
international footprint of companies
have contributed to a surge in short-term
transactions and the heightened volatility of
foreign direct investment flows.
UNCTAD collects and aggregates FDI flow
data provided by central banks without
differentiating between the various
components of these flows. Accordingly, no
distinction is made between tax avoidance
by businesses (intra-group loans) and new
investment sites (share capital transactions
in the strict sense of the term). Furthermore,
the financial flows arising from internal
loans made by multinational firms (“intragroup loans”) frequently comprise any
number of transactions in both directions,
inward and outward, which offset each
other during the course of the year. The
major fluctuations in intra-group loans
render FDI flows extremely volatile.
Annual estimates by the Banque de France
are made using the “extended directional
principle” methodology, now recommended
by both the IMF and the OECD, which
provides a more realistic economic picture
of these transactions. It involves adjusting
for intra-group loans so as to obtain a single
annual net figure for each multinational
group, instead of recording each and every
transaction, which are often offset by one
another, throughout the year. The Banque
de France is one of the few central banks
to apply the extended directional principle,
thereby limiting the impact that intragroup loans between subsidiaries have on
FDI flows. For this reason alone, any form
of international comparison would be
inappropriate at the current time.
> Data
concerning
cross-border mergers
and acquisitions
These statistics are mainly compiled by
private consulting firms (e.g. Thomson
Reuters, Zephyr), indicating the number
of companies which have been acquired
by foreign firms and the financial sums
involved.
> Data
concerning the
presence of foreign
businesses in France
The French National Institute for Statistics
and Economic Studies (INSEE) draws on
the “Financial Links Between Companies
Survey” (“LiFi”) conducted among
businesses in France to compile its statistics
on the economic activity of foreign
subsidiaries in the country. A threshold of
50% of the voting rights or capital stock is
set to establish whether or not a business
is foreign-owned. ESANE statistics combine
administrative data (obtained from annual
corporate profit declarations provided
to the French tax authorities and from
annual social security data containing
payroll information) with data obtained
from a sample of companies surveyed
by questionnaire to produce structural
business statistics. These databases contain
data on foreign-owned resident company
employment, turnover, investment in
tangible assets and foreign trade.
> Physical job-creating
investment
The need to assess the role and impact
of direct investment, not only in
financial terms but also on employment,
has highlighted the prerequisite
nature of accompanying data on the
microeconomic activity of multinational
firms. Through an analysis of individual
company data, the diversity of businesses
in the French economy can be more fully
understood.
The Annual Report on Foreign Investment
in France is a method for analyzing foreign
investment projects and their contribution
to the French economy. Established in
1993 in partnership with France’s regional
economic development agencies, the
Annual Report provides a summary of
all foreign investment projects creating
sustainable employment in France,
listing confirmed projects and detailing
the number of jobs that each project
generates. It provides detailed statistical
analysis by business sector, business
activity, investment type, source country,
and host region. Data concerning the
amounts involved in specific investment
projects are not always made available
by companies, and so form no part of the
analysis.
At a European level, Business France
conducts an observatory of job-creating
foreign investment across the continent,
as do private organizations such as fDi
Markets and EY. This involves recording all
confirmed investment decisions that have
been announced as such in the press.
These databases provide detailed statistics
by business sector, business activity,
investment type, source country and host
region.
INTRODUCTION / INTERNATIONAL CONTEXT
With a total of US$936 billion received in 2015, developed
countries accounted for 55% of all FDI inflows. However,
developing economies in Asia remained the largest recipient of
FDI among world regions, ahead of the European Union and
North America. The United States was the leading recipient in
2015, with a figure estimated at US$384 billion, followed by
Hong Kong (US$163 billion and China (US$136 billion).
Inward FDI to France practically tripled in 2015, from US$15
billion to US$44 billion. This increase mainly arose from
the large number of completed mergers and acquisitions,
including the sale of Lafarge SA to Holcim Ltd. (Switzerland) for
US$21 billion. France was consequently ranked among the
10 leading FDI inflow recipients in the world.
JOB-CREATING FOREIGN INVESTMENT IN EUROPE
The Business France Europe Observatory data shows that France remained the second leading recipient in Europe of
job-creating foreign investment projects in 2015.
According to data from fDi Markets,
the number of job-creating investment
decisions worldwide declined by -2.6% in
2015.
2015 after the United Kingdom, attracting
14% of all such projects in Europe.
According to data from the Business France
Europe Observatory3 , there were 3,188 jobcreating foreign investments in Europe.
Intra-European investment flows
accounted for half of all foreign
investment in Europe (50%). American
investments rose to account for 32% of all
foreign investments in Europe.
The three leading host countries (United
Kingdom, France and Germany) accounted
for half of all job-creating inward
investment in Europe. France remained
the second leading European recipient of
job-creating foreign investment projects in
Having attracted 26% of job-creating foreign
investment in the world, Europe was the
second leading host region after North
America (29%), followed by Asia (25%) and
South America (7%)2.
Estimates are made from data provided by fDi Markets for 2015.
Data extracted February 2016.
2
The Business France Europe Observatory records job-creating foreign
investments in Europe that have been announced in the press. The
criteria are narrower than the Business France Annual Report and only
examine site creations and expansions.
3
1 %
Finland
Sweden
1 %
1 %
Norway
SHARE OF JOB-CREATING FOREIGN
INVESTMENT PROJETS IN EUROPE
(2015)
Denmark
Source: Business France Europe Observatory
Lithuania
1 %
1 %
United Kingdom
6 %
Netherlands
Ireland
24 %
5 %
Belgium
2 %
14 %
France
6 % Poland
11 %
Germany
Switzerland
3 %
Czech
Republic
1 %
Austria
3 %
1 %
Slovakia
3 %
Hungary
Romania
3 %
3 %
Italy
Bulgaria
1 %
Spain
Portugal
1 %
7 %
Foreign investment in Europe in 2015
was mainly focused on software and IT
services (18%), consulting and engineering
(11%), the automotive industry (7%) and
financial services (7%). Foreign companies
prioritized investment in business services
(29%), decision-making centers (28%) and
production/manufacturing activities (23%).
More than 2,300 foreign companies
invested in Europe in 2015. Their presence
is notable for its great diversity: the 10
leading companies accounted for only five
percent of all investment projects during
the year.
With more than 20 projects recorded
in 2015, American e-commerce giant
Amazon.com continued to expand across
the continent, where it now employs over
40,000 people. It created 10,000 jobs in
Europe in 2015, particularly in Germany
and the United Kingdom, its leading
European markets. In the United Kingdom,
Amazon started construction work on
two new distribution centers in 2015, and
announced the creation of 2,500 new jobs
in early 2016.
ArcelorMittal remains a major investor in
Europe, even though its operations were
severely impacted in 2015 by plummeting
steel prices. The steel manufacturer
employs 100,000 people at 400 sites in 17
countries across Europe, including 20,000
in France. In 2015, ArcelorMittal invested
€5 million to upgrade its site in Gandrange
(Alsace-Champagne-Ardenne-Lorraine
region) and began a €40 million investment
program at its facilities in Fos-sur-Mer
(Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur region).
German corporation Deutsche Post
DHL continued to grow and upgrade
its European infrastructure in 2015,
commencing expansion of its hub in
Brussels, worth €114 million, as well as
of its European hub in Leipzig. In France,
affiliate DHL Express invested more than
€30 million during 2014 and 2015 in 10 of
its French logistics platforms. Deutsche
Post also recently inaugurated its newly
expanded hub in Marseille, whose surface
area has been doubled, and which is now
set to become the group’s springboard into
north African markets.
Having acquired Alstom’s energy business
in 2015, American conglomerate General
Electric made a variety of announcements
involving further expansions but also a
number of layoffs in Europe. In France,
this leading industrial player announced
the creation of 400 jobs in Belfort, where
it plans to base its global headquarters for
renewable energies, along with a research
center focusing on the industrial internet.
The picture was clouded somewhat by
the announcement that 20% of General
Electric’s headcount in Europe would be
released, including 765 jobs in France.
IBM Corp. continued its switch into digital
technology, making massive investments in
2015 in SMACS (Social, Mobility, Analytics,
Cloud Computing, Security), and futurefacing sectors such as social networks,
mobility, big data, cloud computing and
cybersecurity, while also consolidating its
cloud-computing infrastructure with new
data centers. The firm also opened a site in
Nice to analyze human and goods mobility
data as part of a ‘SmartCity’ initiative, along
with a big data center in Montpellier, in
partnership with NVidia and Mellanox.
TOP 10 LEADING INVESTORS IN EUROPE
Parent company
Source country
Main sector
Number
of projects
Main recipients
Global
turnover
(US$bn)
AMAZON.COM INC.
United States
Commerce and retail
24
Germany, United
Kingdom
89.00
154,100
ARCELORMITTAL
Luxembourg
Metals, metalworking
17
France, Germany
79.2
222,000
Germany
Transport, storage
18
Spain, France
75.1
488,824
GENERAL ELECTRIC
COMPANY
United States
Machinery and
mechanical
equipment
13
France, United
Kingdom, Hungary
148.5
305,000
IBM CORP.
United States
Software and IT
services
18
France, Germany,
United Kingdom,
Ireland
93.4
379,592
ROBERT BOSCH GMBH
Germany
Automotive industry
12
Hungary, France
78.5
70.6
375,000
SCHWARZ
BETEILIGUNGS-KG
Germany
Commerce and retail
13
France, United
Kingdom, Spain
88.2
79.3
350,000
India
Automotive industry
10
United Kingdom
108.78
610,000
United States
Transport, storage
10
Netherlands,
Germany
58.3
435,000
Germany
Automotive industry
11
Spain, Czech
Republic
268.5
592,586
DEUTSCHE POST DHL
GROUP
TATA GROUP
UNITED PARCEL
SERVICE, INC.
VOLKSWAGEN AG
Employees
worldwide
Source: Business France Europe Observatory; Forbes
2015 SUMMARY
Foreign investment in France
962
33,682
PHYSICAL
INVESTMENT
DECISIONS
JOBS
created
or maintained
19 INVESTMENT 27%
DECISIONS / WEEK
INCREASE
IN JOBS
IN 2015
NUMBER OF PROJECTS AND JOBS BY INVESTMENT TYPE
CREATION
EXPANSION
394
projects
476
projects
8,669
jobs
11,815
jobs
*including expansions following takeovers and buyouts
TAKEOVER*
92
projects
13,198
jobs
FOREIGN
INVESTMENTS
WERE MADE
THROUGHOUT
FRANCE’S REGIONS
BUSINESS ACTIVITIES
PRODUCTION/MANUFACTURING, R&D, BUSINESS SERVICES, CONSUMER SERVICES, LOGISTICS AND
DISTRIBUTION, RETAIL OUTLETS, DECISION-MAKING CENTERS, HEADQUARTERS.
TOP 3 BUSINESS ACTIVITIES
MANUFACTURING
CENTERS
285
207*
in 2015
INCREASE IN
74 /
GLOBAL
projets
EUROPEAN HEADQUARTERS
180
projects
projects
27
16 in 2014
BUSINESS
SERVICES
projects
* 156 first-time investments plus 51 HQs
MANUFACTURING
R&D/ENGINEERING
30%
28%
of R&D
undertaken
by foreign firms
of the investments recorded in
the Annual Report were
in production/manufacturing…
generating
48%
9%
of all jobs.
OF INVESTMENTS
SOURCE OF INVESTMENT PROJECTS
TOTAL OF 53 SOURCE COUNTRIES UP FROM 47 IN 2014
EUROPE
60%
18% UNITED STATES
15% GERMANY
22%
NORTH
AMERICA
13 %
ASIA
9%
ITALY
8%
6%
UNITED KINGDOM
JAPAN
INVESTMENT DECISIONS FROM THE NETHERLANDS (+12%) AND CANADA
AND IRELAND
2015 SUMMARY
French exports
FRENCH GOODS EXPORTS (2015)
TOP 5 EXPORT
DESTINATIONS
€455.1
BILLION
GERMANY
16%
€71.4 BILLION
UNITED STATES
7%
€32.7 BILLION
SPAIN
7%
€32.5 BILLION
UP
ITALY
4.3%
7%
€32 BILLION
UNITED KINGDOM
7%
€31.6 BILLION
TOP 3 EXPORT SECTORS
Transport
Equipment
Capital
Goods
Chemical Products/
Perfumes & cosmetics
23%
19%
12%
FRENCH EXPORT GROWTH IN 2015
CHINA
UNITED STATES
+19.5%
MIDDLE EAST
AFRICA
+4.1%
+12.7%
+11.2%
125,000
UP
+3.1%
EXPORTING COMPANIES
IN FRANCE
FRANCE: THE WORLD’S
BREAKDOWN OF EXPORTS BY COMPANY SIZE
3RD
MID-SIZE
COMPANIES
34%
50%
LARGE
CORPORATES
LARGEST EXPORTER
OF SERVICES
16%
SMEs
EXPORTS BY FOREIGN COMPANIES IN FRANCE
THE CONTRIBUTION OF FOREIGN COMPANIES IN FRANCE:
32%
OF FRENCH
EXPORTS
34%
OF MANUFACTURING
EXPORTS
26%
AVERAGE EXPORT/
TURNOVER RATIO
FRANCE’S 20,000 LEADING
EXPORTERS
1 IN 5
ARE
FOREIGN-OWNED
14%
INVESTED
IN FRANCE
IN 2009-2015
TOP 3 SOURCE COUNTRIES
OF FOREIGN-OWNED COMPANIES
23% UNITED STATES
21% GERMANY
9% ITALY
2015 SUMMARY
© Shutterstock.com
CHAP. 1 / 2015 SUMMARY
2015 SUMMARY
THE NUMBER OF JOBS GENERATED BY FOREIGN INVESTMENT
IN FRANCE ROSE SUBSTANTIALLY IN 2015.
F
rance attracted 962 new investment
decisions in 2015, creating or
maintaining 33,682 jobs.
France remained a popular business
location, with an average of 19 investment
decisions being made every week.
19 INVESTMENT
Foreign investment projects were made in all
French regions, while France’s largest cities
consolidated their investment attractiveness.
DECISIONS BEING MADE
EVERY WEEK.
PROJECTS AND JOBS BY SOURCE
COUNTRY (2015)
Source country
Projects
Jobs
United States
176
10,783
Germany
141
3,612
Italy
84
1,488
United Kingdom
81
2,833
Japan
58
968
Belgium
48
2,459
Spain
44
605
China
43
1,013
5
72
Hong Kong
DISTRIBUTION OF PROJECTS BY BUSINESS ACTIVITY
(2015)
Canada
38
1,728
Netherlands
37
950
Business activity
Switzerland
37
706
Sweden
21
435
Austria
19
595
Ireland
15
217
Luxembourg
12
2,513
India
12
290
Denmark
11
414
Finland
11
341
Russia
8
138
Norway
7
190
South Korea
5
99
Australia
4
23
Taiwan
4
22
Projects
Jobs
Production / Manufacturing
285
16,168
Decision-making centers
207
4,282
First-time investments in Europe
35
239
First-time investments in France
121
1,224
Global / European Headquarters
27
351
French Headquarters
24
2,468
180
5,757
87
1,706
Engineering, design
17
215
R&D
70
1,491
Retail outlets
78
2,255
Consumer services
67
2,404
Brazil
4
21
Logistics
58
1,110
Other
42
1,229
TOTAL
962
33,682
TOTAL
962
33,682
Business services
R&D, engineering, design
DISTRIBUTION OF PROJECTS BY BUSINESS SECTOR (2015)
Business sector
Projects
Jobs
Textiles, industrial textiles, clothing
and accessories
58
1,250
Agri-food, agriculture and fishing
55
Electrical/electronic/IT equipment
INVESTMENT TYPE (2015)
Projects
Jobs
Creation
476
8,669
1,624
Expansion
394
11,815
55
1,033
Expansion following buyout
39
845
Automotive industry
54
2,592
Takeover
35
5,567
Machinery and mechanical equipment
47
887
Energy, recycling, other concessions
44
651
Chemicals, plastics
37
780
34
974
Aerospace, naval and railway equipment
33
1,549
Glass, ceramics, minerals, wood, paper
32
6,422
Construction, building materials
29
538
Pharmaceuticals and biotechnologies
29
1,023
Medical/surgical equipment, diagnostics and
devices
23
250
Perfumes, cosmetics
21
236
Furnishings, household goods
19
308
Electronic components
9
190
Consumer electronics
8
414
MANUFACTURING SUB-TOTAL
587
20,721
Software and IT services
117
4,208
Consulting, engineering and business services
60
1,257
Commerce and retail
51
3,581
Transport, storage
48
1,337
Other services
46
816
Hotels, tourism and restaurants
28
1,326
Financial services, banking and insurance
20
385
5
51
SERVICES SUB-TOTAL
375
12,961
TOTAL
962
33,682
Telecoms, internet service providers
Investment type
Expansion following takeover
18
6,786
TOTAL
962
33,682
1
Creation: Jobs created at a new site.
2
Expansion: Jobs created at a site already occupied
by the company..
3
Takeover of an ailing French company: Jobs
maintained following the takeover by a foreign investor
of an ailing company resident in France.
4
Expansion following takeover: Jobs created or
maintained following the takeover by a foreign investor
of an ailing company resident in France which is
accompanied by an expansion.
5
Expansion following buyout: Jobs created following
the takeover by a foreign investor of a company resident
in France with no financial difficulties.
CHAP. 1 / 2015 SUMMARY
FIG. 1 Distribution of projects by host region (2015)
Martinique
Réunion
French Guiana
Guadeloupe
%
> 150
100-150
50-99
10-49
< 10
FIG. 2 Distribution of jobs by host region (2015)
Martinique
Guadeloupe
Réunion
French Guiana
%
> 6,000 4,500-6,000 2,000 - 4,500 1,000 - 2,000 100 -1,000 < 100
FOREIGN
INVESTMENT IN FRANCE
IN 2015
22 PROJECTS AND JOBS
24 SOURCE COUNTRY ANALYSIS
27 BUSINESS ACTIVITY ANALYSIS
33 BUSINESS SECTOR ANALYSIS
38 INVESTMENT TYPE ANALYSIS
42 VARIOUS FORMS OF FINANCIAL INVESTMENT
© Shutterstock.com
CHAP. 2 / FOREIGN INVESTMENT IN FRANCE IN 2015
PROJECTS AND JOBS
THE NUMBER OF NEW INVESTMENT DECISIONS IN FRANCE
REMAINED HIGH IN 2015
962 NEW JOB-CREATING
FOREIGN INVESTMENT
PROJECTS, CREATING
33,682 JOBS
A
mid sluggish growth worldwide,
France remained attractive
to foreign investors in 2015,
attracting 962 new investment
decisions (including 734 on a historic likefor-like basis) that created 33,682 jobs
(32,770 on a like-for-like basis). [Fig.1 & 2]
Wider criteria
1,014
962
Average number of projects
(2005-2015): 686
600
>  Robust domestic demand in France, the
400
650
665
624
641
639
782
698
693
685
740
734
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
world’s sixth largest economy, which is a major
structural advantage for businesses. 2015
saw particularly impressive project numbers in
consumer services, which accounted for seven
percent of all projects and jobs generated.
200
0
The increase in average project size may be
explained by:
operations: Confirmed investments such as these
created 57 jobs on average. The average
number of jobs per project for operations like
these in the automotive industry (69), aerospace
equipment (62) as well as glass, ceramics (245)
was markedly higher than the nationwide
average.
1,200
800
The average number of jobs created or
maintained per project nationwide was 35,
compared with 26 in 2014.
> Very job-intensive production/manufacturing
FIG. 1 Change in number of projects in France since 2005 (like-for-like)
1,000
AVERAGE PROJECT SIZE ON THE
INCREASE
Source: Annual Report, Business France
FIG. 2 Change in number of jobs since 2005 (like-for-like)
FIG. 3 Distribution of projects by number of jobs created
or maintained
40,000
35,000
Average number of jobs (2005-2015): 30,915
3%
33,682
8%
30,000
26,535
20%
25,000
20,000
30,146 39,998
34,517
31,932
29,889
31,815
27,958
25,908
29,631
25,478
32,770
15,000
10,000
5000
0
35%
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Source: Annual Report, Business France 22 / 2015 ANNUAL REPORT - BUSINESS FRANCE
2012
2013
2014
2015
1%
1%
Jobs created
or maintained
32%
� 400 and over
� 200 to 399
� 100 to 199
� 50 to 99
� 20 to 49
� 10 to 19
� less than 10
The average number of jobs generated per project in consumer services was
slightly higher than the nationwide average of 36.
> A buoyant business climate and France’s attractiveness as an investment
location. The number of jobs generated by business services projects rose
sharply by 32% in 2015: 180 investment decisions created or maintained
more than 5,700 jobs in 2015, compared with 4,300 in 2014.
> Finally, the takeover of two ailing companies, involving particularly high
job numbers.
GROWING CONTRIBUTION OF MID-SIZE COMPANIES
TO EMPLOYMENT
In 2015, a breakdown of projects by parent company size reveals the
following: large corporates (more than 5,000 employees) were responsible
for 37% of all projects, mid-size companies (250 to 5,000 employees) for
34%, and SMEs (fewer than 250 employees) for 29%.
The contribution made by mid-size companies to employment grew sharply,
from 30% of jobs generated in 2014 to 43% in 2015.
FIG. 4 Distribution of projects by parent company size (2015)
FRANCE
Bionest Technologies
Inc.
ENERGY, RECYCLING, OTHER CONCESSIONS
Canadian firm Bionest Technologies
designs and markets self-sustaining
biological treatment systems for wastewater.
Building on its success in Europe, the
company is opening a production facility
near Toulouse, where it has already
operated a sales office since 2008.
This investment will safeguard all existing
jobs and create 18 more. The new building
in Villeneuve-lès-Bouloc (LanguedocRoussillon-Midi-Pyrénées region) will span
nearly 1,220 sq. m. and provide Bionest with
a springboard for its development in the
years ahead.
Tessenderlo Group
CHEMICALS, PLASTICS
Mid-size
companies 34%
SMEs
0 to 249 employees
Large
corporates
37%
They chose
Mid-size companies
250 to 5,000 employees
Large corporates
More than 5,000 employees
SMEs 29%
RECORDING PHYSICAL INVESTMENTS FROM THE
FIRST JOB CREATED
The Annual Report examines all foreign investment projects that create or
maintain jobs in France, and details the number of jobs that each project
generates. It provides detailed statistical analysis by business sector, business
activity, investment type, source country and host region. Until 2013, and in
contrast with practices at other investment promotion agencies in Europe, or at
private consulting firms, only projects creating at least 10 jobs were recorded in
the Annual Report, with the exception of:
Tessenderlo Group, which specializes in food,
agriculture, water management and efficient
use and re-use of natural resources,
announced the construction of a Thio-Sul®
production plant at the Borealis Grand
Quevilly facility in Rouen (Normandie region).
Thio-Sul® is the world’s leading brand of
ammonium thiosulfate (ATS) and is used as a
fertilizer for cereal and broad-acre crops,
arboriculture and vegetable cultivation.
This investment is a response to growing
European demand for sulfur-based liquid
fertilizers that limit nitrogen losses.
For several years, the company has been
importing Thio-Sul® from the United States
to meet the demand of its European
customers. The new plant will strengthen
Tessenderlo Kerley International’s leading
position on the growing European market by
bringing the firm closer to its products’
end-users.
> First-time investments in Europe by non-European investors.
> Projects in high value-added sectors (research and development, design,
engineering, headquarters, business consulting (financial and legal advice,
training, etc.).
With a view to providing a clearer picture of the competitive environment and the
realities of job-creating foreign investment in France, Business France has decided
from 2014 to include all investment decisions from the first job created.
SOURCE COUNTRY
ANALYSIS
FOREIGN INVESTMENTS WERE RECEIVED FROM 53 DIFFERENT
COUNTRIES IN 2015.
E
uropean investments continued to hold
the upper hand: 60% of confirmed jobcreating foreign investments in France
originated in other European countries,
followed by North America (22%) and Asia
(13%). [Fig. 5]
investments and two-thirds of jobs generated
by these investments.
LEADING SOURCE COUNTRIES
The United States remained the leading investor
in France, with 176 investment decisions,
equating to 18% of all job-creating foreign
investment recorded in France and nearly
one-third of jobs generated. American firms
stood out for their commitment to research and
development: with 21 investment projects, the
FELLOW EUROPEAN
The United States and Germany were
responsible for one-third of all job-creating
foreign investments confirmed in France in
2015. Six countries (United States, Germany,
Italy, United Kingdom, Japan and Belgium)
COUNTRIES.
accounted for 60% of confirmed foreign
MOST INVESTMENTS
CAME FROM
Asia
13%
Many countries posted higher project numbers
than the previous year, including Canada,
China, Ireland, India, the Netherlands and
Luxembourg.
Other
5%
FIG. 5 Distribution of projects
by source region (2015)
North
America
22%
Source : Annual Report, Business France
Europe
60%
They chose
FRANCE
LEADING SOURCE COUNTRIES FOR FOREIGN INVESTMENT
Number
Country
Projects
Jobs
Alexion
Pharmaceuticals
Share
Projects
Jobs
PHARMACEUTICALS AND BIOTECHNOLOGIES,
American Firm Alexion Pharmaceuticals,
which specializes in research into
innovative treatments for rare and severe
diseases, chose Paris as the location for its
first research laboratory outside the United
States.
United States
176
10,783
18.3%
32.0%
Germany
141
3,612
14.7%
10.7%
Italy
84
1,488
8.7%
4.4%
United Kingdom
81
2,833
8.4%
8.4%
Japan
58
968
6.0%
2.9%
Belgium
48
2,459
5.0%
7.3%
China
44
1,023
4.5%
2.8%
5
72
0.5%
0.2%
Spain
44
605
4.6%
1.8%
Canada
38
1,728
4.0%
5.1%
Netherlands
37
950
4.2%
3.2%
Switzerland
37
706
3.8%
2.1%
Sweden
21
435
2.2%
1.3%
Austria
19
595
2.0%
1.8%
Ireland
15
217
1.6%
0.6%
India
12
290
1.2%
0.9%
Luxembourg
12
2,513
1.2%
7.5%
Cizeta Medicale SPA
Denmark
11
414
1.1%
1.2%
MEDICAL/SURGICAL EQUIPMENT,
DIAGNOSTICS AND DEVICES
Finland
11
341
1.1%
1.0%
Russia
8
138
0.8%
0.4%
Norway
7
190
0.7%
0.6%
South Korea
5
99
0.5%
0.3%
Australia
4
23
0.4%
0.1%
Brazil
4
21
0.4%
0.1%
Taiwan
4
22
0.4%
0.1%
Other
41
1,229
4.2%
3.6%
TOTAL
962
33,682
100%
100%
Hong Kong
The Alexion R&D Center, Paris, which will
be based at the Imagine institute on the
campus of the Necker-Enfants Malades
teaching hospital, will employ around
twenty researchers.
Bigpoint GmbH
SOFTWARE AND IT SERVICES
German video games specialist Bigpoint
decided to consolidate its mobile
development teams at its Lyon studio
(Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region). Set up in
2014 following Bigpoint’s acquisition of
ailing firm Little Worlds, the studio previously
employed around twenty staff, working on a
number of games for Android and iOS.
An additional 75 positions will now been
created.
Italian elastic compression specialist Cizeta
Medicali designs and manufactures
innovative treatment solutions for venous
and lymphatic insufficiency. It is investing
€1.2 million in its facility in Saint-AmandMontrond (Centre-Val de Loire region). To
foster growth and new product development,
the compression stocking manufacturer has
commissioned a new 1,600 sq. m. building for
its subsidiary Cizeta Medicali France, an
investment that will nearly triple the size of
the subsidiary’s premises. Twenty new
employees will also be recruited.
They chose
FRANCE
McArthurGlen UK
Ltd. COMMERCE AND RETAIL
London-based designer outlet chain
McArthurGlen decided to open a new
shopping center in Miramas, near Marseille
(Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur region). It is the
British firm’s third designer outlet village in
France, after those opened in Troyes
(Alsace-Champagne-Ardenne-Lorraine
region) in 1995 and Roubaix (Nord-Pas de
Calais-Picardie region) in 2000.
The investment is worth €110 million and is
expected to generate 600 jobs.
EPO Fashion Co. Ltd.
TEXTILES, INDUSTRIAL TEXTILES,
CLOTHING AND ACCESSORIES
United States accounted for one-quarter of all inward R&D
investments and 21% of jobs generated.
Germany continued to be the leading source country
within Europe, with 141 projects, equating to 15% of
foreign investments, and 11% of jobs generated. German
firms were among the main contributors to production/
manufacturing operations, accounting for 17% of all foreign
investment decisions and 10% of jobs generated.
Italian investment in France remained buoyant in 2015,
ranking Italy third, with 84 investment decisions. Of
particular note was that Italian investments in logistics
represented 31% of all foreign investments in this field.
Italy was also the second leading source of R&D investments
in France.
The United Kingdom was the fourth largest foreign investor
Guangzhou-based women’s clothes brand
MO&Co., part of the EPO Fashion Co. Ltd.
group, has made a name for itself on Western
markets through its international retail
distribution networks. Over the last ten years,
it has grown its business first in Asia (Tokyo,
Hong Kong, Singapore) and then in Canada
and the United States. Now, MO&Co. is
preparing to conquer Europe. MO&Co. has
been selling its products in the Galeries
Lafayette department store in Paris since early
2015 and in Selfridges in London since 2013.
It also does business in Milan via a local
distributor.
in France in 2015, with 81 projects. British investors were
The Chinese firm chose Paris as the location
for its European headquarters, in a €10
million investment that will create 10 jobs.
accounting for six percent of all such investments from
behind 22% of all foreign investments in retail outlets, and
included McArthurGlen and Primark, drawn by strong
domestic demand. Meanwhile others, such as Stagecoach
Group plc and MotorSport Vision, were responsible for 18%
of all foreign investments in consumer services.
Japanese investments in France remained stable in
2015, ranking Japan fifth among source countries with
58 investments decisions. Japan was the fourth leading
foreign investor in production/manufacturing operations,
abroad.
The number of investments from BRIC nations (Brazil, Russia,
Vidya Herbs
India and China) in France rose slightly in 2015. With 68
AGRI-FOOD
investment decisions, they collectively accounted for seven
Indian multinational Vidya, which specializes
in plant, spice and fruit extracts, acquired the
Domaine de l’Abbaye, one of the largest
wine-growing estates for Chinon AOC wine
(Centre-Val de Loire region). The purchase
will allow Vidya Europe to diversify its
business and produce fruity, easy-to-drink
Chinon wines for the French market and for
export. The group intends to expand the
acreage of its newly acquired vineyards,
invest in wine-making and make the move
into organic viticulture. The investment is
expected to create five jobs.
percent of all inward investment in France. However, the
structure of their business activities is changing, with an
increase in production/manufacturing operations amounting
to 22% of all BRIC investments in France. Chinese and
Indian investment represented 57% and 18%, respectively,
of all projects confirmed in 2015 by BRIC companies in
France.
BUSINESS
ACTIVITY ANALYSIS
FRANCE REMAINS AN ATTRACTIVE INVESTMENT LOCATION,
AS SEEN BY THE SIGNIFICANT NUMBER OF NEW INVESTMENT
DECISIONS IN STRATEGIC ACTIVITIES.
T
he operations of companies can be
broken down into a variety of business
activities: production/manufacturing,
research and development, business
services, consumer services, logistics and
distribution, retail outlets, decision-making
centers and headquarters.
INCREASING SHARE OF HEADQUARTERS
PROJECTS IN 2015
THE NUMBER OF
FOREIGN INVESTMENT
PROJECTS IN GLOBAL/
EUROPEAN HQS ROSE
SHARPLY FROM 16 IN
2014 TO 27 IN 2015.
Registered offices, Strategy divisions, Financial
departments, R&D centers, operational divisions
like Marketing and Sales departments – all of
these are parts of companies that are involved
in decision-making processes. For multi-national
corporations, fragmented decision-making
structures have become a necessity, replacing the
single-site pyramidal decision-making structures
of yesteryear.
As companies become global, they have had
no choice but to create regional decision-making
centers, as a result of which decision-making
power is now dispersed across large distances.
At multinational firms with numerous sites in
Europe, the activities carried on by decisionmaking centers can include acting as:
> A Global or European Headquarters,
covering perhaps not only Europe, but also
northern Africa and the Middle East.
> A French Headquarters, responsible for
coordinating all a foreign company’s activities
in France.
Decision-making centers can be defined as
internal structures with a leader and team
responsible for making strategic decisions that
have a bearing on all or part of the company,
particularly regarding investment and jobs.
Such activities create value – directly or
indirectly – and are vital to the regions in which
they are based. Firstly, decision-making centers
require a highly qualified workforce, and can
employ anywhere from a few hundred to a
few thousand people in major corporations,
depending on the business sector and scope for
decision-making. Secondly, where a company
decides to locate its decision-making centers
makes it more likely that other operations,
such as research laboratories, will follow. It
therefore becomes important for regions to
remain competitive should they wish to attract,
consolidate and retain economic activity.
They chose
FRANCE
Number
Business activities
Premier Tech Inc.
AGRI-FOOD, AGRICULTURE
Projects
This €11 million investment will create
60 jobs.
Jobs
285
16,168
30%
48%
207
4,282
22%
13%
35
239
4%
1%
By creating a new automated production
line and a new R&D center at the site, the
company is putting Vivy at the very heart
of its growing-media and activeingredient manufacturing operations for
European, Asian and African markets.
Projects
Canadian horticulture and agriculture
specialist Premier Tech is expanding its
European headquarters in Vivy (Pays de la
Loire region).
Share
Jobs
121
1,224
13%
4%
27
351
3%
1%
French Headquarters
24
2,468
2%
7%
Business services
180
5,757
19%
17%
87
1,706
9%
5%
Engineering, design
17
215
2%
1%
R&D
70
1,491
7%
4%
Retail outlets
78
2,255
8%
7%
Consumer services
67
2,404
7%
7%
Logistics
58
1,110
6%
3%
TOTAL
962
33,682
100%
100%
FIG. 6 Sector-by-sector breakdown of manufacturing investment projects in France (2015)
36%
34%
32%
30%
Source: 2015 Annual Report, Business France
Share of sector in all R&D projects
(left axis)
Share of R&D projects by sector in France
(right axis)
Textiles
Perfumes, cosmetics
0%
2%
4%
Agri-food
6%
Medical/surgical equipment
8%
10%
12%
Chemicals, plastics
14%
Other services
16%
18%
20%
22%
24%
Automotive industry
26%
28%
The number of investment decisions involving global and
European headquarters rose sharply from 16 in 2014 to
27 in 2015, as did those involving France headquarters,
rising from 20 to 24.
FOREIGN FIRMS EAGER TO INVEST
IN FRENCH MANUFACTURING
In 2015, a total of 285 investment decisions were made
in production/manufacturing in France. The importance of
such projects can be seen in that these activities were the
leading contributor to employment, with 16,168 jobs, or
48% of all jobs generated by foreign investment.
Investments in production/manufacturing in France
confirmed by American, Belgian, German, Italian and
Japanese companies amounted to 57% of all investments
and 72% of all jobs generated. The United States was the
leading foreign investor in this area, with 59 investment
decisions, accounting for 21% of all production/
manufacturing investments and 51% of all jobs generated
by such investments.
Half of all production/manufacturing investments were
concentrated in the agri-food industry (13% of all investments
in production/manufacturing), the automotive industry
(12%), metals/metalworking (10%), glass/ceramics (9%),
and chemicals/plastics (9%).
CONTINUED BUOYANCY OF R&D PROJECTS
IN FRANCE
The number of foreign investment projects in R&D1,
engineering and design remained high in 2015, with
87 investment decisions, including 70 in R&D alone.
R&D, engineering and design accounted for nine percent
of all foreign investment decisions in 2015, generating five
percent of all jobs created in France by foreign investors.
Beyond their impact on growth, R&D operations supply
highly qualified jobs that generate high value added and
are generally more stable than manufacturing jobs.
They chose
FRANCE
Sneakersnstuff
COMMERCE AND RETAIL
Swedish firm Sneakersnstuff, an online
retailer specializing in sports shoes that can
be worn about town, opened its first French
subsidiary in Paris. The Paris office will be
responsible for coordinating the brand’s
activities in France (administration,
marketing, etc.) and for creating one or
more concept stores. The subsidiary will
also act as the company’s logistical HQ for
southern Europe. Sneakersnstuff will serve
the French market through its website, as
well as a store network.
This €15 million investment will create 15
jobs.
DELL INC. (Dell
Computer
Corporation)
ELECTRICAL/ELECTRONIC/IT EQUIPMENT
American IT giant Dell is expanding its
already 950-strong Montpellier-based
team with the creation of 100 new
positions, mostly for salespeople. Having
won two awards from the group’s
management in 2015, Dell’s French
headquarters in Montpellier (LanguedocRoussillon-Midi-Pyrénées region), headed
by Stéphane Reboud, is embarking upon a
recruitment drive that will take its
workforce past the 1,000 mark. This
expansion strengthens Dell’s French
operations at a time when its founder,
Michael Dell, is preparing to launch a
global initiative from Paris.
The leading investors in this area in 2015 were the United
States, Italy and Germany, which accounted for 24%, 14%
and 13%, respectively, of all foreign R&D, engineering and
design investments in France, followed by Canada (9%)
and Switzerland (8%).
Data on R&D activities and headquarters are fully comparable with all previous years, as
these investments have always been recorded from the first job created.
1
They chose
In 2015, two sectors received more than one-third of
all foreign investments in R&D, engineering and design:
software and IT services (25%), and pharmaceuticals
and biotechnologies (11%). A large proportion of inward
investments in the pharmaceuticals/biotechnologies
sector were R&D projects, which amounted to 34% of all
investments in this sector.
FRANCE
Adeka Corporation
CHEMICALS, PLASTICS
In 2000, Japanese polymer additives
specialist Adeka established its French
headquarters, Adeka Palmarole SAS, in
Mulhouse (Alsace-Champagne-ArdenneLorraine region) before adding a
production facility in Rousset (ProvenceAlpes-Côte d’Azur region) in 2008.
Its current project to expand the Rousset
plant includes installing a new production
line and has created around thirty jobs.
FIG. 7 Sector-by-sector breakdown of R&D investment projects in France (2015)
90%
16%
80%
Share of sector in all manufacturing projects
in France (left axis)
Share of manufacturing projects by sector
in France (right axis)
Textiles
Perfumes, cosmetics
0%
2%
Agri-food
4%
Chemicals, plastics
6%
Other services
8%
10%
12%
70%
Automotive industry
14%
18%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
They chose
FRANCE
Zimmer Biomet
Holdings, Inc.
MEDICAL/SURGICAL EQUIPMENT, DIAGNOSTICS
AND DEVICES
American orthopedics specialist Zimmer
has had a base in Brognard in the Pays de
Montbéliard (Bourgogne-Franche-Comté
region) for over 20 years. In 2014, the
company bought out its American
competitor Biomet, underpinning its
position as market leader. With 150
employees in France, 70 of them working at
the ‘Technoland II’ business park in
Brognard, Zimmer Biomet develops
innovative medical devices to help
surgeons treat bone/joint disorders and
strengthen the supporting soft tissue. The
local logistics unit supplies prostheses and
instruments to French hospitals.
A 1,000 sq. m. extension to the Technoland
II site will lead to 25 new hires in 2016. The
new facility is expected to be fully
operational from September 2016.
Siemens
RAILWAY EQUIPMENT
Siemens is a global technology
powerhouse focusing on electrification,
automation and digitalization, that has
stood for engineering excellence,
innovation, quality, reliability and
internationality for more than 165 years.
Building on its existing industrial
partnerships in the area, Siemens decided
to make Toulouse (Languedoc-RoussillonMidi-Pyrénées region) the global
headquarters for all operations relating to
its ‘Val’ range of turnkey automated metro
solutions, from R&D, to sales and
marketing, to engineering and project
management, to maintenance.
The new Val facility spans 10,000 sq. m.
and is currently undergoing refurbishment.
The first employees moved in last
November and the site will be fully
equipped by the spring, when over a
hundred personnel will take up residence
there.
ArcelorMittal
METALS, METALWORKING
The ArcelorMittal campus in Maizières-lèsMetz (Alsace-Champagne-Ardenne-Lorraine
region) is the group’s largest research facility.
Spanning a total of 24 hectares, with 45,000
sq. m. of laboratories and pilot plants, the
campus is home to four research centers
and one shared services center.
An investment of €15 million was made in
2015 to keep the site’s equipment and
research tools at the cutting edge, with
technologies that can reproduce and
simulate how steel is made and used to
create the products and solutions of the
future. The ArcelorMittal Maizières research
facility strives to achieve continual technical
progress for the automotive, packaging and
mining industries, as well as in iron and steel
production processes.
The Maizières campus employs 561
permanent staff and takes on around a
hundred interns each year. Its blend of
twenty or so nationalities, generational mix,
and many partnerships with universities and
industry lend the campus the buzz,
innovative spirit and recognized expertise
that make it both a world-renowned
research location and a valued part of its
local community.
Doosan Heavy
Industries &
Construction
ENERGY, RECYCLING
South Korean company Doosan Heavy
Industries & Construction specializes in
non-destructive testing of nuclear power
plants. In 2015, via its Scottish-based
European headquarters, the company set
up its first facility in France in Aix-enProvence (Provence-Alpes-Côte-d’Azur
region).
The investment will ultimately create
around twenty jobs, mainly for specialist
engineers.
Facebook Inc.
American giant Facebook is opening its
European artificial intelligence research
center in Paris. The French capital was
chosen for its abundant pool of IT and AI
research talent. The new Paris center will
eventually employ 30 researchers, who will
work on image recognition, natural
language processing, voice recognition and
the hardware and software infrastructure
required to implement artificial intelligence
systems.
The company has also signed a
collaborative agreement with the French
National Institute for Research in Computer
Science and Control (INRIA). Until now,
Facebook’s artificial intelligence team
comprised around forty researchers – many
of them French – at its Menlo Park
headquarters in California and its New York
office.
As a supplier of turnkey solutions, Siemens
already relies on Toulouse’s cutting-edge
industrial expertise in embedded systems
and, as it continues to pursue its ambitious
international growth strategy, it will help
showcase French industry across the world.
R&D SPECIALIZATION BY SECTOR IN EUROPEAN
COUNTRIES AND BREAKDOWN OF INWARD R&D
INVESTMENTS
An examination of correlation between R&D specialization by sector in European
countries and the breakdown by sector of inward investment provides further
insight into the strategies behind locating R&D operations in Europe.
The mean-based results for six manufacturing sectors would seem to indicate
a positive correlation between the share of a given sector in industrial R&D
and the share of the sector in inward R&D investment projects in each country.
Ireland’s research specialization in electrical/electronic equipment and
components may be advanced as an explanation of its investment attractiveness
in this field.
Similarly, the high share in R&D of the chemicals and plastics sector in the
Netherlands, or of the pharmaceuticals and biotechnologies sector in Belgium,
may be factors in explaining the revealed attractiveness of these countries to
manufacturers in these sectors.
The graph also highlights Italy’s specialization and attractiveness to the machinery
and mechanical equipment sector.
Share of the sector’s R&D personnel in the manufacturing sector nationwide
FIG. 8 R&D specialization by sector in European countries and breakdown of inward R&D investments
35%
Agri-food
Chemicals, plastic
Electrical, electronic equipment and components
Automotive industry
AT
FR
GE
30%
IE
HU
BE
25%
UK
CZ NL IT
IT
20%
GE
AT CZ
BE
GE
15%
UK SP FR
FR
UK
10%
UK
FR
SP
NL Netherlands
PL Poland
UK United Kingdom
GE Germany
BE Belgium
SP Spain
FR France
IT Italy
CZ Czech Republic
HU Hungary
IE Ireland
AT Austria
SP
BE
IE
HU
AT
SP PL
CZ
GE
IT
FR
UK PL
5%
HU
PL
IT BE
NL
NL
UK
0%
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
35%
Share of the sector in inward R&D investments nationwide
Source: Employment by economic activity, Eurostat; Investment projects, Business France Europe Observatory, 2015.
40%
45%
50%
BUSINESS
SECTOR ANALYSIS
FOREIGN INVESTMENTS WERE MADE IN A WIDE RANGE
OF SECTORS.
I
n 2015, there were 587 investment decisions
in the manufacturing sector, accounting for
61% of all foreign investment projects and
62% of jobs generated. Service-sector
companies were responsible for 375 investment
decisions (39%).
THE MANUFACTURING
SECTOR ACCOUNTED
FOR 61% OF
INVESTMENT DECISIONS
AND 62% OF JOBS
GENERATED.
Foreign investors were from a diverse range
of sectors. The leading sectors of companies
investing in France in 2015 were: software and
IT services (12%), textiles and accessories (6%),
consulting, engineering and business services
(6%), electrical/electronic/IT equipment (6%),
agri-food (6%), and the automotive industry
(6%).
The source of investments in France varied by
business sector. While American investments
were concentrated in the software and IT
services sector (accounting for 37% of all
investments in this sector), investments from
German companies were focused in the
energy (30%) and automotive (37%) sectors.
Italian investments, meanwhile, were made
predominately in the furnishings/household
goods (37%) and agri-food (16%) sectors, and
those by British companies in the commerce and
retail sector (31%).
FIG. 9 Distribution of projects between manufacturing
and services (2015)
Service-sector
companies
39%
Manufacturing-sector
companies
61%
They chose
FRANCE
PUNCH Group
AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRY
Belgium’s Punch Group first established a
base in Alsace (eastern France) in 2012, when
it took over the General Motors production
facility in Strasbourg. Since then, it has
developed its business in the AlsaceChampagne-Ardennes-Lorraine region by
capitalizing on the technical expertise of its
1,000-strong workforce of production
operatives, technicians and engineers
specializing in the design and manufacture of
automatic gearboxes for premium vehicles.
As well as acquiring another manufacturing
facility (Steelcase in Wisches), it also
undertook a new job-creating expansion in
2015 creating 143 jobs.
The Port of Strasbourg, which has a direct
link with the Port of Rotterdam and is used to
export 100% of Punch’s output, is one of the
largest beneficiaries of this dynamism.
The achievements of Punch’s highly qualified
workforce have also inspired a number of
other industry players to embark upon
environmental, technological or logistical
projects, such as embracing a lean
manufacturing approach or establishing a
joint strategy on additive manufacturing.
The world-class expertise of the R&D center
on transmission technology and hybrid
vehicles, which works in association with
engineering schools and the University of
Strasbourg, further boosts the attractiveness
of the region for developing industries.
DISTRIBUTION OF PROJECTS BY BUSINESS SECTOR
Business sector
Number
Projects
Jobs
Share
Projects
Jobs
and accessories
58
1,250
6%
4%
Agri-food, agriculture, fishing
55
1,624
6%
5%
55
1,033
6%
3%
Automotive industry
54
2,592
6%
8%
Machinery and mechanical
equipment
47
887
5%
3%
44
651
5%
2%
Chemicals, plastics
37
780
4%
2%
34
974
4%
3%
Aerospace, naval and railway
equipment
33
1,549
3%
5%
Glass, ceramics, minerals, wood,
paper
32
6,422
3%
19%
29
538
3%
2%
29
1,023
3%
3%
23
250
2%
1%
Perfumes, cosmetics
21
236
2%
1%
19
308
2%
1%
9
190
1%
1%
8
414
1%
1%
MANUFACTURING SUB-TOTAL
587
20,721
61%
62%
117
4,208
12%
12%
Consulting, engineering and
business services
60
1,257
6%
4%
Commerce and retail
51
3,581
5%
11%
Transport, storage
48
1,337
5%
4%
Other services
46
816
5%
2%
28
1,326
3%
4%
Financial services, banking and
insurance
20
385
2%
1%
Telecoms
5
51
1%
0%
SERVICES SUB-TOTAL
375
12,961
39%
38%
TOTAL
962
33,682
100%
100%
They chose
Foreign firms were also responsible for a large
number of new projects and jobs generated
in the software and IT services sector, as was
also the case in the automotive and agri-food
sector (Fig.10).
FRANCE
Oxy’Nov
Technology rich manufacturing sectors (such
as pharmaceuticals and biotechnologies,
electronic components and equipment, energy,
chemicals, and aerospace/naval/railway
equipment) and knowledge-intensive services
(such as consulting and engineering, and
software and IT services) accounted for 50%
of all investments in 2015: high value-added
services accounted for 20% of investments,
and high value-added manufacturing 30%.
MEDICAL DEVICE
Oxy’Nov, an innovative Canadian
startup spun out of medical research,
has designed FreeO2, an automated
oxygen therapy system that aims to
replace the age-old ball-type flow
meter. FreeO2 enhances the safety of
patients who need oxygen or
respiratory support because it has a
better success rate in reaching the
target oxygen saturation level in their
blood. It reduces the required duration
of oxygen therapy treatment, meaning
patients can spend less time in hospital.
In future, the system may also be used
at home by people with chronic
respiratory insufficiency, thereby
generating substantial savings for
healthcare systems.
Oxy’Nov has raised US$1 million in
funding, which it intends to use to try to
break into the European market in 2016.
The company chose Brest in the
Bretagne region, and more specifically
the Télécom Bretagne incubator, as the
location for its new subsidiary. It will
build on research partnerships with
regional healthcare stakeholders such
as the Université de Bretagne
Occidentale, Brest University Hospital
and Télécom Bretagne, via medical
information processing laboratory
LATIM and ICT research laboratory
LABSTICC. As well as marketing
Oxy’Nov products in Europe, the
subsidiary will contribute to developing
the intelligent algorithms embedded in
the FreeO2 system. The investment is
expected to create five jobs within the
next three years.
FIG. 10 Correlation between the variation in project and job numbers (2014-2015)
2,500
Sectors experiencing job and project growth
2,000
Commerce and retail
1,500
1,000
Automotive industry
-20
-15
500
Hotels, tourism
and restaurants
Software Perfume, cosmetics
and IT services
10
5
-10
Construction
Metal, metalworking
-5
Agri-foodTelecoms
Electrical/
electronic
Aerospace
IT equipment
Chemicals, plastics
Energy, recycling Consumers electronics
Consulting
0
Transport, storage
15
Variation in projects
20
Financial services
Other
services Medical/surgical Textiles
-500 equipment
Machinery/mechanical equipment
Furnishings -1,000
Sectors experiencing project growth
-1,500
-2,000
Variation in jobs
Key: In comparison with 2014, the 14 extra projects in the transport and storage sector generated 484 further jobs.
They chose
FRANCE
Principle Power
NEW FORMS OF ENERGY
American company Principle Power opened
its French subsidiary, Principle Power
France, in Aix-en-Provence (ProvenceAlpes-Côte-d’Azur region). Founded in 2007,
the firm specializes in developing floating
wind farms.
The new facility, which will focus primarily
on engineering operations, is Principle
Power’s first investment in France and is
expected to generate ten jobs.
Datadog
CLOUD COMPUTING
Founded in New York in 2010, Datadog
developed a Software-as-a-Service cloud
monitoring solution to consolidate data from
all of a company’s cloud-based software
applications.
In 2015, the firm chose Paris as the location
for its first base outside the United States,
creating an R&D center with a 60-strong
workforce. The center is based in the 2nd
arrondissement, not far from the NUMA
incubator (formerly known as Silicon Sentier),
a global innovation network supporting
startup development.
GREATER PROJECT NUMBERS IN PRIORITY
SEGMENTS
So-called ‘priority segments’ are mainly in technological
fields (in line with the interests of France’s innovation
clusters), but also respond to regional development
objectives (agri-food) and business opportunities (tourism).
The list of priority segments is updated every year, in
conjunction with France’s regions following discussions
between Business France, government ministers and the
Businesses Directorate (DGE).
DISTRIBUTION OF PROJECTS BY PRIORITY SEGMENT
Priority segments
Projects
Jobs
Agri-food and nutrition
50
1,479
Wood and paper
23
949
Plant chemistry
8
192
Cloud computing
18
1,835
Medical devices, telemedicine, medical robotics
18
176
E-commerce, data centers, logistics and associated services
64
1,127
Education and training
11
274
Energy efficiency and eco-materials
13
110
Tourist accommodation, leisure industry
21
658
3D imaging, virtual interactivity, video games, animation,
modeling
6
145
Materials and innovative processes
12
223
New vehicles: design, equipment, infrastructure
3
54
New forms of energy: R&D, production, distribution
21
223
Therapeutic research, biotech, nutraceuticals, cosmetics
18
373
Recycling, remediation, deconstruction, circular economy
1
1
Robotics, automation
3
70
Silver economy
1
5
Wireless hardware and software solutions
14
335
TOTAL
305
8 ,229
The number of projects in priority segments rose 12% in
2015; 305 investment decisions involved the technology
rich segments listed in the table opposite, equating to
32% of all foreign investment projects in France confirmed
during the year, and 24% of all jobs.
The e-commerce, datacenter, agri-food and nutrition,
cloud computing, medical devices, therapeutic research,
and new forms of energy segments were predominant,
accounting for 61% of all investments in priority segments
and 62% of all associated jobs.
German and Italian businesses were mainly to be found
in the e-commerce/data centers and new forms of energy
segments, where they were responsible for one-quarter
and one-third, respectively, or all investments. American
firms stood out for their net domination in cloud computing,
where they were behind 56% of all investments.
Also of note was the investment attractiveness of Ile de
France (Paris region) in cloud computing and therapeutic
research, the Rhône-Alpes region in e-commerce/data
centers, and the Champagne-Ardenne region in new
forms of energy.
They chose
FRANCE
GlaxoSmithKline plc
THERAPEUTIC RESEARCH
London-based therapeutic research specialist
GlaxoSmithKline decided to expand its plant
in Saint-Amand-les-Eaux (Nord-Pas de
Calais-Picardie region). The facility, which
first opened in 2011 and produces vaccines
for the entire world, is looking to double its
production capacity to meet growing
demand.
An additional €12 million is to be invested in
the plant, creating around one hundred jobs.
Otsuka Holdings
AGRI-FOOD AND NUTRITION
Nutrition & Santé, founded in Revel
(Languedoc-Roussillon-Midi-Pyrénées
region) in 1972 and under Japanese
ownership since 2009, specializes in
developing, producing and marketing
natural, healthy foods. Nutrition & Santé has
four international subsidiaries (Spain,
Benelux, Italy and Brazil), twelve production
facilities (five of them in Revel) and 1,800
staff. Its products are sold in over 40
countries.
In 2014, the group invested €21 million in
Revel to create a manufacturing facility for its
seven main brands of healthy snack bars.
Today, the facility continues to expand,
creating 100 jobs across a site spanning over
10,000 sq. m., with the creation of new
production lines for vegetarian grill products
and gluten-free foods.
In Revel, the company produces cereal bars,
biscuits, soya products, powders and
vegetarian specialties marketed under brands
known to all French consumers, including
Gerblé, Céréal bio, Gerlinéa, Milical, and
Isostar. The site is home to the company’s
headquarters and employs nearly 600
people. Its revenues in 2015 amounted to
€420 million, up 15% on the previous year,
following a 13% increase in 2014.
INVESTMENT TYPE ANALYSIS
THE NUMBER OF NEW SITES CREATED REMAINED BUOYANT,
CONFIRMING FRANCE’S ATTRACTIVENESS AS AN INVESTMENT
LOCATION.
S
49% OF INVESTMENT
DECISIONS INVOLVED
SITE CREATIONS
everal different types of foreign
investment projects can be distinguished
in our analysis: creation of a new site
(‘greenfield investment’), expansion
of an existing site, takeover of an ailing site,
creation of a partnership, or expansion following
takeover. In this report, Business France records
investment projects which create jobs, or which
enable jobs under threat at an ailing company
to be maintained (see Appendix: Job-creating physical
PREDOMINANT NUMBER OF SITE
CREATIONS
In 2015, there were 476 decisions to invest
at new sites in France, accounting for 49%
of all investment projects and 26% of all jobs
generated. Site creations most frequently
involved decision-making centers, of which 75%
were first-time investments in France or Europe.
investment selection criteria).
They chose FRANCE
Do&Co Restaurants
& Catering AG
AGRI-FOOD
Austrian agri-food company Do&Co
Restaurants & Catering made its first
investment in France through its
takeover of the Hédiard group. The
group was keen to establish a food
product manufacturing facility in France
to grow its brand in both French and
global markets.
Do&Co chose Argenteuil (Ile de France/
Paris region) as the location for this €30
million investment, which will create
around a hundred jobs.
Jennifersoft
Founded in 2005, South Korean startup
Jennifersoft provides performance
management solutions for businesses.
With expertise in Java technology and
web applications (J2SE/J2SEE), it supplies
high-quality services to nearly 900
companies. Jennifersoft also has
operations in Japan, Thailand, the United
States and Austria (home to its European
headquarters).
In 2015, the firm decided to set up the
Judvi SAS R&D center in Anctoville
(Normandie region), in an investment
that will create 15 jobs.
Stemcell Technologies
PHARMACEUTICALS AND BIOTECHNOLOGIES
Vancouver-based StemCell Technologies
specializes in designing cell culture media,
cell separation products and ancillary
reagents for stem cell, immunology and
life science research. Having acquired a
French firm in the late 1990s, it has long
since managed its European business
from its base in Grenoble (AuvergneRhône-Alpes). In 2015, this biotech firm
recruited an additional twenty or so
employees to bring its total French
workforce up to around fifty people.
Ils investissent
FEWER TAKEOVERS OF AILING SITES
EN FRANCE
Takeovers of ailing sites by foreign investors enable
economic activities under threat to be maintained. These
investments contribute to the regeneration of struggling
regions and to safeguarding jobs. In 2015, they maintained
more than 5,567 jobs.
Martin Dow Ltd.
PHARMACEUTICALS AND
BIOTECHNOLOGIES
While the number of takeovers of ailing sites declined,
expansions following the takeover of ailing sites rose
sharply, with 18 investment decisions announced in 2015,
maintaining 6,342 jobs and creating 444 new ones.
Pakistan-based manufacturing group Martin
Dow was founded in 1960 and specializes in
generic medicinal products. In late 2015, the
firm took over the Laboratoires Salem
pharmaceuticals plant in Meymac (AquitaineLimousin-Poitou-Charentes region).
Laboratoires Salem was founded in 1994 and
had purchased the Meymac facility from
Bristol-Myers-Squibb in 2010. The company
then ran into financial difficulties, forcing it to
file for bankruptcy protection in April 2015. The
investment is expected to save 26 jobs.
FIG. 11 Distribution of projects by investment type (2015)
Expansion
following takeover 1%
Takeover 4%
Expansion following
buyout 4%
Creation 49%
Expansion 41%
(ITS)
International
Technology Solutions
COMMERCE AND RETAIL
Luxembourg investment firm International
Technology Solutions mounted a takeover of
ailing Paris-based culture and leisure specialist
Actissia in 2015.
Formerly part of the Bertelsmann group,
Actissia had been experiencing welldocumented financial difficulties. ITS intends
to modernize the strategy of the France Loisirs
brand (e-commerce, digitalization, market
place, etc.). The takeover saved the French company from
likely insolvency proceedings and saved 2,050
jobs.
DISTRIBUTION OF PROJECTS BY INVESTMENT TYPE (2015)
Number
Investment type
Share
Projects
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
Creation
476
8,669
49%
26%
Expansion
394
11,815
41%
35%
Expansion following buyout
39
845
4%
3%
Takeover
35
5,567
4%
17%
Expansion following takeover
18
6,786
2%
20%
TOTAL
962
33,682
100%
100%
They chose
FRANCE
Norvestor Equity
Founded in 2002, Norwegian software
publisher Norvestor is growing fast.
The firm had over 750 employees
across 15 countries in 2015.
In a bid to continue the international
expansion it began in 2005 and win
market share in France, Norvestor opened
a subsidiary in Boulogne-Billancourt (Ile
de France/Paris region) to serve as its
French headquarters in late 2012.
In 2015, it decided to create another 15
jobs among its French personnel.
Patheon Inc.
PHARMACEUTICALS AND
BIOTECHNOLOGIES
American pharmaceutical specialist
Patheon decided to invest €5 million in
its subsidiary Patheon France, based in
Bourgoin-Jallieu (Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes
region). The investment is expected to
boost the company’s competitiveness in
blister packaging and in the production of
pills with high-potency active ingredients,
particularly for cancer treatment. Thirty-five
new jobs are expected to be created.
ADR
MACHINERY AND MECHANICAL
EQUIPMENT
Italian group ADR, a world leader in axles
and suspensions for farm machinery
and trailers, took over ailing French axle
manufacturer Société Ardennaise d’Essieux
in 2013. In 2015, it invested €5 million to
build a new cataphoresis painting line at its
Ham-les-Moines site (Alsace-ChampagneArdenne-Lorraine region), which has a
workforce of 64. The investment will also
enable Société Ardennaise d’Essieux to
expand its storage capacity.
EXPANSION PROJECTS STABLE IN 2015
Expansion projects are a sign of the confidence that foreignowned subsidiaries already based in France have in the
country as an investment location. The number of expansion
projects confirmed was stable in 2015, and this investment
type was the leading source of employment. In 2015, 394
expansion projects were recorded, accounting for 41% of
all investment decisions and 35% of all jobs, and were
predominately in production/manufacturing (49%) and
business services (24%) activities.
INVESTMENT TYPE BY BUSINESS
ACTIVITY
Number
Share
Projects
Jobs
CREATION
476
8,669
Projects
Jobs
184
1,765
39%
20%
Logistics
24
576
5%
7%
Retail outlets
77
2,254
16%
26%
32
1,039
7%
12%
40
522
8%
6%
Business services
75
932
16%
11%
Consumer services
44
1,581
9%
18%
EXPANSION
394
11,815
16
368
4%
3%
Logistics
29
468
7%
4%
193
5,483
49%
46%
45
839
11%
7%
Business services
96
4,181
24%
35%
Consumer services
15
476
4%
4%
EXPANSION FOLLOWING BUYOUT
39
845
5
89
13%
11%
Logistics
1
10
3%
1%
Retail outlets
1
1
3%
0%
19
366
49%
43%
Business services
6
234
15%
28%
Consumer services
7
145
18%
17%
TAKEOVER
35
5,567
1
2,050
3%
37%
Logistics
4
56
11%
1%
26
2,795
74%
50%
1
65
3%
1%
Business services
2
399
6%
7%
Consumer services
1
202
EXPANSION FOLLOWING TAKEOVER
18
6,786
1
10
6%
0%
15
6,485
83%
96%
1
280
6%
4%
1
11
6%
0%
962
33,682
Business services
TOTAL
3%
4%
VARIOUS FORMS
OF FINANCIAL INVESTMENT
TECHNOLOGY OR COMMERCIAL PARTNERSHIPS, FACILITY
UPGRADES AND SAFEGUARDING INVESTMENTS.
O
ur data collection procedure
enables us to identify a variety of
different ways in which foreignowned subsidiaries set up
operations, reflecting the diverse international
development strategies of multinational firms.
THE NUMBER OF
FACILITY UPGRADES
ROSE FROM 55 IN 2014
TO 89 IN 2015
The most common such investments recorded
in 2015, numbering around a hundred, were
TECHNOLOGY PARTNERSHIPS
Technology or research partnerships offer
another way for companies to expand their
international scope. In 2015, 19 of these
partnerships received support from Business
France and its regional partners (economic
development agencies) in France.
technology and commercial partnerships,
The majority of these investments involved
safeguarding investments, mergers and
American firms investing mainly in R&D and
acquisitions, and facility upgrades.
engineering activities.
They chose FRANCE
TECHNOLOGY PARTNERSHIP
Hills, Inc.
TEXTILES, INDUSTRIAL TEXTILES,
CLOTHING AND ACCESSORIES
American firm Hills, which designs,
develops and manufactures fiber
extrusion equipment, announced
that it would be opening an office at
the European Center for Innovative
Textiles (CETI) in Tourcoing (NordPas de Calais-Picardie region).
The CETI offers its customers the
latest research and development
technologies for fibers and textiles.
As part of this technology partnership,
Hills will provide technical advice during
trials. It will also use the office to support
marketing activities and service provision
for its European customers.
COMMERCIAL PARTNERSHIP
MassChallenge
CONSULTING, ENGINEERING
Boston-based startup accelerator
MassChallenge launched a project in
Lyon (Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region)
called ‘Big Booster – Bio & Tech & Global
Impact’, a non-profit international
business acceleration program led jointly
by the Boston and Lyon city authorities.
The program will select, provide support
and acceleration programs to startups
with innovative projects and strong
economic potential and/or a positive
social or environmental impact.
COMMERCIAL PARTNERSHIP
Accoform (Groupe
Euronyl)
CHEMICALS, PLASTICS
Based in Gray (Bourgogne-FrancheComté region), Plastigray specializes
in producing injection-molded plastic
parts. A subsidiary of Belgian firm
Accoform (Euronyl Group), Plastigray
employs 235 personnel across three
sites: two in France and one in Tunisia.
In 2015, €1 million was invested in the
Gray facility to upgrade its equipment.
The investment will also support the
firm’s ongoing efforts to expand its
expertise through continual innovation.
COMMERCIAL PARTNERSHIPS
Commercial partnerships, of which 13 were recorded in
the last year, involve companies pooling their workforces,
resources and partners to increase commercial activity.
These partnerships were in a variety of sectors and mainly
involved business services and production/manufacturing
operations.
FACILITY UPGRADES
Facility upgrades involve replacing obsolete equipment with
new production technology to increase output capacity or
improve the company’s productivity. In 2015, 89 facility
upgrades were recorded by Business France and its
regional partners.
Facility upgrades recorded in France were mainly carried out
by German (30%) and American (16%) firms, while nearly
three-quarters of these investments involved production/
manufacturing operations.
SAFEGUARDING INVESTMENTS
Safeguarding investments preserve the business sites of
foreign subsidiaries and save jobs that might otherwise
ultimately have been lost. This type of investment reflects
a foreign company’s desire to continue doing business
at a particular site and is not taken into account in the
They chose
FRANCE
Jindal Limited
CHEMICALS, PLASTICS
Rexor, a subsidiary of Indian firm Jindal, is
upgrading its production facility in Paladru
(Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region) by installing
a next-generation incinerator. This €1.3
million investment will enable the plastic-film
processing plant to destroy the volatile organic
compounds it produces and to make use of the
heat generated. Rexor will also be able to cut
its propane gas consumption by 50%, or 400
tonnes a year, which will in turn reduce carbon
dioxide emissions from propane combustion.
Robert Bosch GmbH
ELECTRICAL/ELECTRONIC/IT EQUIPMENT
The French base of German company
Bosch, located in Mondeville (Normandie
region), is to receive €11 million in
investment following a performance
agreement between management and
trade unions. This agreement aims to
safeguard the long-term future of the
plant, which specializes in manufacturing
electronic and mechatronic systems.
It will safeguard 535 jobs, and consolidate
the site’s business in the automotive
sector. Bosch is also keen to develop a new
division focusing on connected devices.
Annual Report, which only records projects that create
jobs or preserve existing ones that are at risk in the very
short term. This type of investment nevertheless warrants a
mention, as ensuring that foreign companies remain in the
country is no less important than welcoming new investors.
In 2015, Business France identified 15 or so safeguarding
investments, mainly in production/manufacturing operations,
that maintained more than 1,600 jobs at these sites.
FIG. 12 Number of merger and acquisition transactions in France
3,500
3,000
2,500
2,000
1,500
1,000
82%
83%
82%
82%
80%
70%
500
0
18%
18%
17%
18%
20%
30%
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
MERGERS AND
ACQUISITIONS
F
Transactions with French investors
Transactions with foreign investors
Source: Zephyr; Bureau Van Dijk; Business France calculations
FIG. 13 Value of mergers and acquisitions in France (€ million)
160,000
140,000
47%
120,000
80,000
60,000
40,000
71%
79%
29%
21%
37%
28%
37%
53%
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
63%
72%
63%
oreign firms made a strong contribution
to the growth of the French mergers and
acquisitions market in 2015, illustrating
France’s attractiveness as a place to do
business. According to the Zephyr2 mergers
and acquisitions (M&A) database, the number
of M&A transactions conducted by foreign
companies in France grew by 91% in 2015,
having increased by 38% the previous year.
Some 877 transactions were recorded in
2015, with a combined value of €72 billion.3
FOREIGN FIRMS RESPONSIBLE FOR
30% OF FRENCH MERGERS AND
ACQUISITIONS IN 2015
While the majority of M&A transactions in
France continued to occur between French
firms, the proportion involving a foreign investor
climbed significantly in 2015, accounting for
30% of the total (877 transactions), as against
20% in 2014 (459 transactions). For the
20,000
0
Transactions with French investors
Transactions with foreign investors
Data on cross-border transactions involving France, correct as of
February 4, 2016. Bureau Van Dijk database.
2
Transaction value is indicated for 78% of transactions by foreign
companies in France, but for only 34% of acquisitions (compared
with 94% for minority equity stake acquisitions).
3
THE FRENCH MERGERS AND ACQUISITIONS MARKET
The French M&A market encompasses
of the 2008 global economic crisis, 2015
a total value of €137 billion (€82 billion in
various categories of financial transactions
saw mergers and acquisitions in France
2014). However, the rise in the value of
in which all or part of the equity of
continue the upward trajectory they began
M&A transactions should be treated with
a company domiciled in France is
in 2014, growing at a rate of 25% per year.
transferred to another company, be it
France’s performance in 2015 was its best
French or foreign. Companies frequently
since the crisis hit, in both the number and
grow inorganically like this in an effort to
total value of transactions. According to
maximize their capacity to take advantage
the figures, 2,910 merger and acquisition
(45% in 2014, 30% in 2015), and secondly,
of market upturns.
transactions were carried out in France in
the depreciation of the euro against a
After moribund M&A activity in the wake
2015 (compared with 2,230 in 2014), with
number of foreign currencies in 2015.
caution for two reasons: firstly, the lack of
available data for a significant proportion
of the transactions recorded in France
They chose
first time, the reported value of transactions
carried out by foreign investors exceeded that of
transactions between French firms, accounting
for 53% of the total value of M&A operations
in France, compared with 37% in 2014. This
trend reflects companies’ return to health as
the global economy recovers, but also the
confidence they have in the French market.
FRANCE
XPO Logistics, Inc.
TRANSPORT
In July 2015, American logistics company
XPO Logistics, Inc. completed its acquisition
of an 86.25% stake in Lyon-based haulage
firm Norbert Dentressangle SA, at a price
of €217.50 per share. The investment puts
XPO Logistics among the world’s top ten
transport and logistics companies.
It also provides access to a European market
previously untapped by the American
firm, which stands to benefit from Norbert
Dentressangle’s extensive operations in France
(its leading market, accounting for 64% of
its revenues in 2014), the United Kingdom
(29% of 2014 revenues) and Spain (12%).
FOREIGN ACQUISITIONS OF
FRENCH FOREIGN FIRMS REMAIN
STEADY AROUND THE 190 MARK
The number of acquisitions by foreign companies
remained stable at 190 in 2015. However, a
few large transactions sent the total value of
FIG. 14 Number of transactions by foreign firms in France
1,000
53
900
Mahindra Two
Wheelers Ltd.
800
AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRY
700
In January 2015, bicycle, scooter and
motorcycle manufacturer Mahindra
Two Wheelers Ltd. (MTWL), a non-listed
subsidiary of Indian company Mahindra &
Mahindra Ltd., paid €15 million for a 51%
equity stake in Peugeot Scooters (PSA
Group). As a key player in European urban
transport for over 100 years, the French
firm is the world’s oldest manufacturer
of two-wheelers. Peugeot Scooters offers
one of the most comprehensive ranges
of scooters and motorcycles on the
European market, from 50cc to 400cc.
The transaction will allow both companies
to accelerate their international growth.
600
500
400
300
200
100
0
54
38
45
36
36
111
101
74
116
201
187
2010
2011
Acquisition
209
634
208
181
196
190
2012
2013
2014
2015
Minority stake
Other transactions
FIG. 15 Value of transactions by foreign firms in France (€ billion)
80,0
5.4
70,0
60,0
11.0
50,0
40,0
2.2
30,0
20,0
5.1
10,0
4.0
6.8
0
2010
4.4
1.7
2.6
8.7
12
2011
Acquisition
5.5
9.3
2.2
5.5
8.1
21.9
55.7
2012
2013
2014
2015
Minority stake
Other transactions
such acquisitions rocketing up to €56 billion,
more than twice the corresponding amount for
2014.
FIG. 16 Foreign acquisitions in France by source country
% of total number of transactions
25%
United States
United Kingdom
12%
Germany
Luxembourg
15%
7%
6%
5%
5%
5%
Switzerland
Netherlands
Belgium
Italy
3%
2%
2%
2%
2%
Spain
China
Japan
Ireland
Canada
Share of total number of acquisitions in 2015
Share of total number of acquisitions in 2014
11%
Other
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
OVER HALF OF FOREIGN
ACQUISITIONS MADE BY AMERICAN,
BRITISH AND GERMAN FIRMS
FIG. 17 Foreign acquisitions in France by source country
% of total value
31%
25%
Switzerland
United States
Ireland
13%
7%
6%
5%
Netherlands
Canada
Luxembourg
3%
2%
2%
2%
Colombia
United Kingdom
China
Germany
Spain
Italy
Share of total value of acquisitions in 2015
Share of total value of acquisitions in 2014
1%
1%
0%
1%
British Virgin Islands
Other
0%
10%
20%
35%
40%
55%
60%
70%
FIG. 18 Foreign acquisitions by sector (2015)
Wood, paper 2%
Telecoms 2%
Other 8%
Metals 2%
Other services 39%
Agri-food 3%
Publishing 4%
Gas, water,
electricity 5%
Retail 7%
Chemicals,
plastics 12%
The growth in the number of transactions by
foreign firms in France can be attributed entirely
to an upturn in minority stake acquisitions, which
tripled in 2015 (634 transactions, compared
with 209 in 2014). The estimated value of
such acquisitions was €11 billion, double the
2014 figure. The rise was primarily due to a
sharp increase in equity stake acquisitions by
American and British firms as the value of the
dollar rose against the euro.
Machinery,
equipment,
furnishings 16%
The United States was responsible for a quarter
of acquisitions of French firms by foreign
investors in 2015, by both the number and
total value of transactions. While the number of
acquisitions by American companies was down
slightly (47 in 2015, versus 53 in 2014), the
total value of the transactions denominated in
euros rose sharply to €14 billion, compared
with €1.5 billion in 2014 and 2013. This
increase in value can be attributed to a small
number of large-scale transactions and to a
significant change in the exchange rate of the
They chose
euro against the dollar between 2014 and
2015.
FRANCE
Acquisitions by British and German firms were
up in 2015, accounting for 15% and 12%,
respectively, of foreign acquisitions in France.
Though China climbed into the top 10 foreign
investors in France, Chinese acquisitions of
French firms accounted for less than two percent
of the total, in both number and value.
Toshiba Medical
Systems Corporation
MEDICAL IMAGING
In October 2015, Japanese medical imaging
equipment specialist Toshiba Medical Systems
Corporation finalized its takeover of Olea
Medical SA, which designs and markets
innovative medical imaging applications
that significantly improve diagnosis
and treatment evaluation processes.
The Japanese firm is the fourth largest in
the world in magnetic resonance imaging
(MRI). Through the combined efforts of
its fifty or so employees and its carefully
cultivated network of hundreds of scientists
and doctors, the company intends to
design new generations of simple, safe,
fast, accurate tools for full-body image
post-processing, with the ultimate aim of
becoming the leading global player in its field.
“Through this acquisition, Toshiba
intends to draw on our niche expertise
to enhance its global presence in the
sector,” said Fayçal Djeridane, co-founder
and CEO of Olea Medical, which was
targeting revenues of €4 million in 2015.
An analysis of transaction values by source
country reveals the volatile nature of mergers and
acquisitions data, which are highly dependent
on a small number of large transactions. For
example, Switzerland was the top acquirer of
French firms in 2015 due to the merger of Swiss
cement company Lafarge with French market
leader Holcim. The merger, intended to create a
new world leader in the sector, was the largest
M&A operation in France in 2015.
Acquisitions targeted a variety of sectors,
from services to the traditional industries. In
the manufacturing sector, the machinery/
mechanical equipment and chemicals/plastics
sectors proved the most attractive to foreign
investors.
CROSS-BORDER M&AS AND FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT
Mergers and acquisitions involving French
another country. Unlike FDI figures, M&A
shareholders who simply wish to invest in
companies may be carried out by French or
statistics usually pertain to all acquisitions
a company without acquiring a controlling
foreign firms. However, the methodology
of equity in one company by another, with
interest. Thus, the purchase of a two
used to establish the statistics on cross-
no minimum stake threshold.
border mergers and acquisitions differs
Furthermore, the statistics on mergers
from that used by central banks to assess
and acquisitions encompass not only
the amount of foreign investment in a
acquisitions – which entail a transfer of
country. By convention, foreign direct
control of the targeted company, with the
investment (FDI) is considered to occur
investor holding over 50% of the equity
a two percent equity stake by an investor
when a company holds at least 10% of the
in that company after the transaction –
who previously held a 10% stake will be
equity or voting rights of a firm based in
but also equity acquisitions by minority
counted as a minority equity stake.
percent equity stake in a company by an
investor who already holds a 49% stake in
the same company will be counted as an
acquisition. Conversely, the purchase of
INVESTMENT
ATTRACTIVENESS
OF FRANCE’S REGIONS IN 2015
50 REGIONAL ANALYSIS
59 THE CONTRIBUTION OF FOREIGN SUBSIDIARIES
TO FRANCE’S REGIONAL ECONOMIES
© Shutterstock.com
CHAP. 3 / INVESTMENT ATTRACTIVENESS OF FRANCE’S REGIONS IN 2015
REGIONAL ANALYSIS
FOREIGN INVESTMENTS WERE MADE THROUGHOUT FRANCE’S REGIONS
THE GEOGRAPHICAL
DISTRIBUTION OF
PROJECTS IS TESTAMENT
TO THE ALLURE OF
MAJOR CITIES.
T
he diversity of France’s regions, coupled
with the quality of their infrastructures
and workforce, are powerful drivers
of their attractiveness to investors.
The investment decisions confirmed in 2015
generated employment in practically every
one.
FIG. 1 Regional distribution of jobs created or maintained (2015)
Jobs per 1,000
employed
Number of jobs by
region (2015)
0<0.36
0.36<0.62
9,500
0.62<1
1<1.57
3,000
1.57<2
2<4
200
At the same time, the geographical distribution
of projects is testament to the allure of major
cities and the fact that the presence of
foreign companies frequently draws new
foreign investment to the same area. Amid
the competition in Europe to attract foreign
investment, the economic buoyancy of France’s
regions and cities is often a decisive factor.
By project numbers, Ile de France (Paris region),
Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes and Alsace-ChampagneArdenne Loraine attracted more than half of all
investment decisions. The leading regions by
jobs created or maintained were Ile de France
(Paris region) (28%), Nord-Pas de CalaisPicardie (25%), Alsace-Champagne-ArdenneLorraine (10%) and Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes (9%).
To gauge the extent to which foreign subsidiaries
have contributed to jobs and economic activity
in France’s regions, the number of jobs created
from new foreign investments can be measured
as a proportion of those in paid employment.
According to this indicator, the Nord-Pas de
Calais-Picardie, Alsace-Champagne-ArdenneLoraine, Ile de France (Paris region) regions
stand out for having a higher than average (1.1)
proportion of jobs created in 2015 by foreign
companies per 1,000 people employed.
REGIONAL DISTRIBUTION OF JOBS CREATED OR
MAINTAINED PER 1,000 EMPLOYED (2015)
Region
The breakdown of projects by business
activity and region underlines that Ile de
France (Paris region) attracted the lion’s share
of projects involving decision-making centers
(first-time investments in France for the most
part), accounting for 64% of all such foreign
investments in France. Alsace-ChampagneArdenne-Lorraine and Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes
stand out in attracting production/manufacturing
projects, receiving 20% and 17%, respectively,
of the national total. Ile de France (Paris region)
and Languedoc-Roussillon-Midi-Pyrénées
received 31% and 13%, respectively, of R&D
projects.
Ratio per 1,000 employed
Alsace-Champagne-Ardenne-Lorraine
1.35
Aquitaine-Limousin-Poitou-Charentes
0.36
Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes
0.83
Bourgogne-Franche-Comté
0.76
Bretagne (Brittany)
0.14
Centre-Val de Loire
0.62
Ile de France (Paris region)
1.57
Languedoc-Roussillon-Midi-Pyrénées
0.84
Nord-Pas de Calais-Picardie
3.16
Normandie
0.87
Pays de la Loire
0.63
Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur
0.76
Corse (Corsica)
-
Overseas territories
-
Mainland France
1.14
REGIONAL BREAKDOWN OF PROJECTS AND JOBS BY BUSINESS ACTIVITY (2015)
Logistics
Region
Business services
Projects
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
10%
9%
20%
16%
11%
9%
7%
6%
7%
4%
3%
1%
17%
14%
17%
8%
13%
9%
3%
2%
9%
5%
1%
0%
Bretagne (Brittany)
0%
0%
2%
1%
1%
0%
7%
4%
5%
3%
3%
3%
24%
25%
6%
3%
37%
56%
7%
6%
9%
6%
11%
6%
7%
11%
11%
44%
7%
9%
Normandie 7%
14%
7%
6%
1%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
Pays de la Loire
3%
1%
5%
4%
6%
4%
7%
8%
1%
1%
8%
3%
58
1,110
285
16,168
180
5,757
Centre-Val de Loire
TOTAL
The regional business activity attractiveness
index takes into account the different sizes of
France’s regions and highlights the investment
attractiveness of the Aquitaine-Limousin-PoitouCharentes, Languedoc-Roussillon-Midi-Pyrénées,
and Pays de la Loire regions for research and
development activities; the Alsace-ChampagneArdenne-Lorraine, Aquitaine-Limousin-PoitouCharentes, Bourgogne-Franche-Comté,
FIG. 2 Regional business activity attractiveness index (2015)
Logistics
Retail outlets
Consumer services
Normandie, and Nord-Pas de Calais-Picardie
regions for production/manufacturing activities;
Ile de France (Paris region) for decision-making
centers; and Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur for
retail outlets.
The breakdown of projects by technology
rich industrial sector highlights the investment
attractiveness of the Alsace-ChampagneArdenne-Lorraine and Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes
regions for chemicals (each attracting 19% of
all projects in this sector in France); of the Ile
de France (Paris region) and Provence-AlpesCôte d’Azur regions for electronic components
(attracting 44% and 33%, respectively, of
all projects in this sector in France); of the
Languedoc-Roussillon-Midi-Pyrénées region for
aerospace and railway equipment (attracting
39% of all projects in this sector in France);
of the Ile de France and Alsace regions for
pharmaceuticals and biotechnologies (attracting
24% and 17%, respectively, of all projects in
this sector in France); and of the Nord-Pas
de Calais-Picardie region for the automotive
industry (attracting 17% of all projects in this
sector in France).
Business services
Key: The map indicates the business activities for which each region of
France enjoys high investment attractiveness (highest relative index score).
REGIONAL BUSINESS ACTIVITY ATTRACTIVENESS
INDEX
This index identifies the business activities for which each of France’s regions enjoy
high investment attractiveness, enabling us to determine whether a region has a
higher index score for a given business activity. The index is calculated by taking the
share of a given business activity in a given region and weighing it against the share of
the same business activity in all projects nationwide.
REGIONAL DISTRIBUTION OF PROJECTS IN SELECTED HIGH VALUE-ADDED INDUSTRIAL SECTORS (2015)
PROJECTS
Chemicals,
Electronic
plastics
components
Automotive
industry
Electrical/
electronic
equipment
Medical/
surgical
equipment
Machinery and Aerospace Pharmaceuticals
and railway
and
mechanical
equipment
equipment
biotechnologies
19%
11%
15%
7%
17%
19%
9%
14%
-
11%
6%
4%
4%
4%
6%
10%
19%
-
15%
24%
13%
23%
12%
10%
5%
-
6%
7%
4%
2%
6%
-
Bretagne (Brittany)
-
-
-
2%
9%
2%
-
-
Centre-Val de Loire
3%
-
6%
2%
4%
4%
3%
7%
19%
44%
20%
35%
26%
15%
6%
31%
5%
-
6%
11%
4%
9%
39%
3%
11%
-
17%
-
4%
11%
-
7%
Normandie
11%
-
2%
-
-
2%
3%
7%
Pays de la Loire
5%
-
6%
7%
9%
6%
9%
3%
Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur
3%
33%
4%
2%
4%
2%
6%
7%
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
TOTAL
REGIONAL DISTRIBUTION OF JOBS IN SELECTED HIGH VALUE-ADDED INDUSTRIAL SECTORS (2015)
PROJECTS
Chemicals, Electronic Automotive
plastics
components
industry
Electrical/
electronic
equipment
Medical/
surgical
equipment
Machinery and
mechanical
equipment
Aerospace
and railway
equipment
Pharmaceuticals
and
biotechnologies
12%
5%
28%
25%
42%
20%
4%
5%
0%
12%
2%
1%
1%
1%
5%
4%
14%
0%
8%
14%
9%
19%
16%
6%
3%
0%
7%
3%
10%
8%
5%
0%
Bretagne (Brittany)
0%
0%
0%
1%
2%
1%
0%
0%
Centre-Val de Loire
2%
0%
4%
9%
8%
5%
2%
7%
10%
59%
6%
15%
16%
10%
5%
15%
17%
0%
4%
24%
3%
7%
43%
27%
17%
0%
29%
0%
2%
10%
0%
14%
Normandie
19%
0%
1%
0%
0%
3%
13%
10%
Pays de la Loire
1%
0%
9%
6%
6%
16%
7%
7%
4%
24%
2%
1%
2%
1%
1%
5%
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
TOTAL
100%
100%
FOCUS
REGIONAL SUCCESS STORIES
CLÉMENT GRIES, CHAIRMAN AND
CEO, THYSSENKRUPP PRESTA
FRANCE, SETS OUT THE COMPANY’S
STRATEGY AND PROJECTS IN
LORRAINE.
After creating around 200 jobs since 2011,
investing more than €60 million over five years,
and generating revenues of €600 million in
2015, ThyssenKrupp Presta France has become
a major driving force in Lorraine’s regional
economy. Its sites in Florange and Fameck both
specialize in creating steering systems for many
of the world’s leading vehicle manufacturers.
“We currently produce 35,000 steering
columns and steering racks every day, or a total
of 8 million every year, thanks to the company’s
fully automated assembly line, making it the
world’s largest steering system assembly plant.
One in ten vehicles in the world is fitted out with
a steering column assembled at our Fameck
and Florange sites, and 95% of our turnover is
generated through exports. The two sites boast
more than 1,200 employees, 920 of whom
are on permanent contracts.
“We recently outperformed our forecast
earnings of €19 million for the past year,
with full-year earnings totaling €27 million,
despite a six percent decrease in output. And
ThyssenKrupp doesn’t intend to stop there!
Production costs are expected to be reduced
by 20% over the next five years, which would
equate to savings of €15 million every year. The
Florange and Fameck sites are in the process
of being reorganized to optimize workflows
and reduce costs.”
Examples of initiatives underway include:
• Automated packaging, which is currently
being tested. In the summer of 2016,
ThyssenKrupp will set up automatic vertical
storage in Fameck. The AGV (automated guided
vehicle) will gradually start to replace the difficult
activities of forklift operators.
• Installing Cobots (Collaborative robots), which
will make it easier to change over equipment
on the production lines for different products.
The Cobots can move in any direction and,
unlike other machines, can operate right next
to employees. Orders of steering columns and
steering racks between 2015 and 2019 are
expected to remain stable.
“However, all this depends on the automotive
market, and in this context, it will not be a peak
time for new hires. We will still need to hire
personnel though, so we will have to be highly
selective,” notes Clément Gries.
ThyssenKrupp and training for
young people
The group attaches particular importance
to providing training for young people, and
currently has around 60 apprentices. Over the
last three years, 21 apprentices and interns
have been hired at the end of their work-study
training period. In 2015, the company took
on 18 interns from the Metz National School
of Engineering (ENIM), while a total of 26
engineer graduates have also been hired over
the last few years. In June 2015, ThyssenKrupp
entered into a partnership agreement with ENIM
to formalize their close ties.
“We work with ENIM on various fronts, including
sponsoring vehicles, hosting student engineers
for internships, working with teaching staff,
taking part in judging panels and graduation
ceremonies,” explains Clément Gries.
From their very first year, students at ENIM are
learning to become professionals. ThyssenKrupp
enables interns and graduates to immerse
themselves in industry, and this partnership
agreement is a big plus for ENIM.
“We need to stop saying that young engineers
straight out of school are not ready for the
business world. Their life skills and expertise are
something we try to nurture by promoting teambased project management,” adds Clément
Gries.
Dachser France, the Dachser Group’s largest
subsidiary, has 2,998 employees across 73
locations in France, where it generated revenues
of €793 million in 2014.
AMERICAN FIRM RESODYN SETS UP
FIRST EUROPEAN R&D CENTER IN
AQUITAINE REGION
Dachser has opened a new 17,264 sq. m.
branch in Barberey-Saint-Sulpice to support
strong growth in its groupage activities,
particularly for export. The new production
facility boasts an increased dock surface area
of 1,560 sq. m., up from 600 sq. m. previously.
This Montana-based company initially planned
to open its first European subsidiary in the
Netherlands. However in May 2015, the
company decided to set up in Aquitaine due
to its close ties with the Gironde-based company
Roxel and promising market opportunities on
the horizon.
In addition to modern infrastructure, Dachser
Troyes can now offer its customers greater
transport options, including numerous direct
connections with its domestic and European
network of 333 branches. Dachser is forging
closer ties with customers and helping them
expand, both in France and abroad.
Resodyn is acknowledged to be one of the
world’s leading suppliers of contactless
industrial mixer solutions based on acoustic
mixing technology for the pharmaceutical,
biotechnology and chemical industries. With
40 employees, Resodyn chose the Aquitaine
region as the location to develop its disruptive
innovative expertise in Europe. This strategy
has now materialized through the creation of
a sales and engineering office at the Bordeaux
Technowest site. The office is also part of a
larger project involving a new European center
of excellence.
Designed and built according to the Group’s
construction standards, the platform now has
15 dock doors, up from seven at the former
site. Equipped with 14 electric dock levelers, it
can receive various types of trailers, especially
those used for containers.
“We feel very comfortable and pleased with
our decision to open our European office in
Bordeaux and we are looking forward to a
very bright future for Resodyn Europe,” says
Lawrence C. Farrar, P.E., President and CEO
DACHSER OPENS NEW LOGISTICS
PLATFORM IN CHAMPAGNEARDENNE REGION
Dachser, a global service provider in the
transport and logistics industry, has opened a
new logistics platform just outside Troyes. With
operations in the region since 2004, Dachser
decided to move to a new address in response
to growing demand.
“By fully complying with the Group’s production
and safety standards, this new branch means
we can offer optimal service quality to our
customers, while considerably improving
working conditions for employees,” says
François Verpraet, Head of the Dachser Troyes.
The number of daily rounds departing from the
branch has risen from 11 to 13. The teams
at Dachser Troyes now handle 50 tonnes
of incoming merchandise and 50 tonnes of
outgoing merchandise on a daily basis for
industrial customers in the region. “For three years, driven by the strong growth
of our transport and logistics solutions, our
region has taken on a new dimension. We
have consequently tripled our logistics services,
with storage capacity now surpassing 43,000
sq. m., while also doubling the surface area of
our transport hub in Reims.
“Today we are opening our new branch in
Troyes, enabling us to achieve new levels of
FOCUS
growth, particularly for exports. Within three
to four years, we hope to ship 100 tonnes of
goods for our customers. Our aim is to maintain
this growth through our high-quality network
covering 33 countries,” says Christophe
Genin-Valla, Director of Dachser ChampagneArdenne.
With a degree in Transport and Logistics,
Christophe Genin-Valla began his career in
2000 as a transport coordinator in Spain and
Portugal. After gaining 15 years’ experience
in the transport and logistics sector, he joined
Dachser in April 2012, where he is responsible
for sustainable growth in the ChampagneArdenne region. PORTUGUESE FIRM RENOVA
SETS UP FIRST FOREIGN
MANUFACTURING FACILITY IN
AUVERGNE REGION
Renova Group, a leading manufacturer of highend, stylish toilet paper, chose to take over
Candia’s former site in Saint-Yorre. This site will
be the first production facility outside Portugal for
this astonishing company that has revolutionized
a hitherto low-innovation market.
The acquisition also marks the beginning of a
new expansion cycle for the company. Paulo
Pereira da Silva, Chairman and CEO of Renova,
comments that “Going international is a business
strategy. We chose France first of all because
it is a market where our brand is growing,
Auvergne for its central location and network
of highways, and finally Saint-Yorre because
the site matched our future development plans
and our idea of a home in France.”
GOING INTERNATIONAL
IS A BUSINESS STRATEGY
The former Candia buildings will be refitted
based on the firms’ production needs in an
investment worth €15 million. This Auvergnebased plant will enable Renova to export
to countries in northern Europe, especially
Benelux. It is also an important step in Renova’s
international development, as its first industrial
investment outside Portugal.
The new venture will employ 30 people
initially, before rising over time given the scale
of Renova’s plans.
In Portugal, Renova employs 600 employees
at two closely located manufacturing sites. The
group has always wanted to expand its brand,
first with lotion products, then colored rolls,
but the event that changed everything was
the arrival on the market of black toilet paper.
Everyone was talking about it, quite openly,
and change was underway.
Renova’s goal is to see its products stocked in
major chain and specialist stores, as well in
tourist attractions such as the Louvre museum…
“We love France, its tastes, its way of life. Our
brand has something French about it in the
way we see the world. I would like Renova to
become France’s favorite toilet paper”, says
Paulo Pereira Da Silva.
GSK CONTINUES TO EXPAND IN
FRANCE, UPGRADING ITS EVREUX
SITE (NORMANDIE REGION)
With investment totaling nearly €130 million
in the last six years, GSK has committed to
an additional €35 million upgrade program
to enhance competitiveness at its Evreux
facilities, which specialize in producing
medicinal products for respiratory diseases
(1,150 employees, with a further 100 jobs
to be created).
Normandie is among the largest pharmaceutical
manufacturing areas in France , and the region’s
chemicals-biology-healthcare industry employs
more than 24,000 people (including 10,000
in the pharmaceutical industry alone) at around
100 sites. Specialty chemistry and medicinal
chemistry produce many high value-added
products and constitute a cornerstone of the
region’s industrial prowess.
Key figures for the Normandie region confirm this:
• France’s second leading region in
pharmaceutical chemistry
• France’s fifth leading region for the production
of medicinal products
• Nearly 200 industrial facilities in the chemical
and pharmaceutical industries
• Presence of world-leading pharmaceutical
companies
• Three universities (Rouen, Caen, Le Havre)
with a strong science focus
• Two university hospitals (Caen and Rouen)
hosting a clinical investigation center
• 2,000 researchers and experts in the industry
The region is also home to a wide array
of business expertise, including logistics,
packaging, production facilities, and boasts a
highly skilled work force. Leading global firms,
such as Sanofi, GSK and JnJ already have
operations in Normandie, along with major
players in formulation and manufacturing. All
forms of medicinal products (solid, injectable,
inhaled) are made in the region, covering key
therapeutic areas such as respiratory diseases,
anti-thrombosis, and vaccines. These sites all
benefit from a fully fledged regional industry,
ranging from the production of active ingredients
to the distribution of medicinal products, as well
as medical packaging and logistics.
Public-sector research is concentrated around the
University of Caen: Centre François Baclesse (center
for cancer research), GRECAN (regional group
for cancer studies), Centre Esquirol (psychiatry),
CERMN (center for studies and research of
medicinal products), as well as Cyceron (cerebral
imaging center and neuroscience research) that
strives to uncover the mysteries of the brain and
degenerative diseases (e.g. Alzheimer’s) using
magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and positron
emission tomography (PET).
In Rouen and Le Havre, there are around twenty
laboratories focusing on medicinal chemistry,
biology, imaging, manufacturing and industrial
processes, with close ties within major research
networks.
R&D operations are concentrated at several
major sites belonging to Janssen (JnJ Group),
Ethypharm, Aptar Pharma and others, as well
as within a network of innovative startups.
NIMBUS INVESTMENT FUND AND
SEVENDAY SUCCESS STORY
Sevenday, located in Soultz (AlsaceChampagne-Ardenne-Lorraine region),
produces retailers’ own-brand breakfast cereals.
Struggling in an extremely competitive market,
the company filed for bankruptcy protection.
Had it been liquidated, the fall in overall
production capacity in the market might have
had severe consequences.
Faced with a serious regional issue, the
local authorities and various parties explored
a number of different avenues involving
repositioning the business towards organic,
gluten-free products and fruit-filled cereal bars,
which resulted in an active search for potential
buyers with this new profile. Throughout this
process, the team managed to reassure its
customers and not lose vital revenues.
After negotiations with two potential buyers,
the owner of the site and the court-appointed
administrator accepted an offer from Nimbus,
a Dutch investment fund, whose terms were
more favorable for employment levels and
market synergies. The takeover enabled 76
jobs to be saved in a rural area. Nimbus plans
to make major investments at the site, increase
turnover by expanding into the Germany
market in particular, as well as make changes
to the product range.
A collateral benefit was that as Sevenday
had now been saved, a production waste
contribution agreement could now be
approved giving the go-ahead to a new biogas plant nearby, with waste from the agrifood industry providing 35% of Sevenday’s
energy requirements. Sevenday’s contribution
was essential to completing this key project
for the region.
NORMANDIE IS
AMONG THE LARGEST
PHARMACEUTICAL
MANUFACTURING
AREAS IN FRANCE
FOCUS
CHINA SHIPPING GROUP
PARTNERSHIP AGREEMENT
Chinese ship-owner China Shipping Container
Lines (CSCL) recently signed a partnership
agreement with United Shipping Agency
Network Holding (USAN), founded in 2013
by Philippe Borel, to create a joint venture,
China Shipping North Africa, based in Aix-enProvence, and due to operate across northern
Africa and Malta.
PLANS TO MAKE MAJOR
INVESTMENTS
The location chosen for China Shipping North
Africa was Aix-en-Provence (Provence-AlpesCôte d’Azur region). The aim of the joint venture
is to establish operations for the Asian company
in Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Libya and Malta.
In all, 16 branches will be created, including
one in Malta, three in Tunisia (Tunis, Sfax and
Sousse), five in Algeria (Algiers, Oran, Skikda,
Bejaia and Annaba), three in Morocco (Agadir,
Casablanca and Tangiers) and four in Libya
(Tripoli, Misrata, Benghazi and Khoms).
Philippe Borel adds that the regional office
of China Shipping North Africa Services will
employ eight people at first, then 15, and as
many as 30 employees by 2018. Explaining
why he decided to set up this regional office
in France, he highlighted the comparative
advantages of domiciling the company in
France rather than French-speaking North
African countries, and pointed to Aix-enProvence’s air and train links. The new network
is expected to total five branches by July 2015,
rising to seven by the end of the year, then 10
in 2016 and 16 in 2017.
THE CONTRIBUTION OF
FOREIGN SUBSIDIARIES
TO FRANCE’S REGIONAL ECONOMIES
MULTINATIONAL FIRMS ARE MORE EFFICIENT AND
PRODUCTIVE THAN DOMESTIC COMPANIES
A
OVERVIEW OF FOREIGN-OWNED
COMPANIES
s foreign multinationals benefit
from expertise within their parent
companies, synergies between
subsidiaries, global economies of
scale, and differences in factor prices, they are
more efficient and productive than domestic
companies.
Foreign multinationals are set up throughout
France and contribute to economic growth
in the regions that host them. According to
the French National Institute for Statistics and
Economic Studies (INSEE), there are a total
of 24,530 foreign-owned legal entities in
France.1 While they are set up nationwide,
FIG. 3 Distribution of foreign-owned companies
in France by source country
FIG. 4 Regional distribution of foreign-owned companies
Nord-Pas de Calais 7%
%
16
Haute-Normandie 1%
Basse-Normandie 1%
12
Bretagne
(Brittany) 1%
Ile de France
(Paris region) 46%
Lorraine 3%
Alsace 5%
Champagne-Ardenne 1%
Centre 2%
Franche-Comté 1%
Bourgogne
(Burgundy) 2%
Pays-de-la-Loire 2%
8
Picardie 2%
Poitou-Charentes 1%
4
Limousin
Auvergne 1%
Ireland
Austria
Canada
Japan
Denmark
Spain
Sweden
Italy
Switzerland
Netherlands
Luxembourg
United Kingdom
Belgium
United States
Germany
0
Rhône-Alpes 11%
Aquitaine 2%
Languedoc-Roussillon 2%
Midi-Pyrénées 2%
Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur 6%
Source: INSEE, Business France calculations
Corse
(Corsica)
there is nevertheless a high concentration
around major cities; consequently, Ile de France
(Paris region) and Rhône-Alpes are home to
more than half of these firms.
Most foreign-owned companies operating in
France are from fellow European countries,
accounting for 80% of legal entities. The
leading source countries are Germany (15%
of all foreign-owned legal entities), Belgium
(12%), United States (12%), Luxembourg (10%)
and the United Kingdom (9%).
At the end of 2013, foreign firms in France
accounted for only one percent of all companies
in France, but generated 19% of all turnover2
in the French economy, employed 13% of all
employees in France, and generated 32% of
all export turnover.
METHODOLOGY
The contribution made by foreign subsidiaries to the French
economy has been measured using INSEE data on foreignowned resident company employment, turnover, investment
in tangible assets, and foreign trade for the year 2013 (last
year available). Data are taken from the INSEE “Financial Links
Between Enterprises Survey” (LiFi) and “Annual Business
Statistics Program” (ESANE).
FIG. 5 Contribution of foreign-owned companies
52
40
34
32
30
27
20
19
10
19
18
15
14
13
12
10
7
7
4
0
1
0 0 1
s
s
ie
s
n
se
te
s
ri
a
E
p
ra
rp
o
M
S
rp
nte
e com
Micro-e
Large co
Mid-siz
Turnover
Number of legal entities
Number of employees Export turnover
Source : INSEE, Business France calculations
Foreign-owned multinationals generated 36% of
all turnover in the Alsace region, 25% in both
Picardie and Ile de France (Paris region), 22%
in Haute-Normandie, 20% in Rhône-Alpes, 19%
in Lorraine and 18% in Nord-Pas de Calais.
The contribution made by companies varies by
economic activity. In the manufacturing sector,
foreign-owned subsidiaries were predominant
in the Alsace region (57%), while more than
one-third of regional turnover in this sector was
generated by foreign-owned multinationals in
Lorraine (44%), Haute-Normandie (43%), NordPas de Calais (42%), Picardie (35%), Centre
(38%), and Rhône-Alpes (37%).
These firms also accounted for a significant
proportion of business in the wholesale and
retail trade in Alsace, Ile de France (Paris region)
and Picardie, where they generated 40%, 40%
and 29%, respectively, of all regional turnover.
A legal entity may be governed by public or private law, and may
either be:
- A legal person, whose existence is recognized by law independently
of the individuals or institutions that may own them or are members of
them.
- A natural person, engaged in an economic activity in their own right,
and must be declared to all the authorities (Commercial Court Registry,
Social Security Authorities, Tax Authorities, etc.). The existence of such
a legal entity arises from the choices of its owners or founders (for
organizational, legal or tax purposes). A legal entity is the main unit
recorded in France under the SIRENE company registration system.
60
30
As of the end of 2013, foreign companies in
France generated 19% of all turnover in the
French economy, and 29% of all turnover in
the manufacturing sector.
1
En %
50
CONTRIBUTION TO REGIONAL
WEALTH
Total
Turnover is defined as the total post-tax revenue generated by
companies from third parties in the ordinary course of business.
It corresponds to the sum total of all sales of goods, manufactured
products, services and secondary products
2
FIG. 6 Contribution of foreign-owned companies to regional
turnover (all sectors)
Haute-Normandie 22%
Picardie 25%
Lorraine 19%
Basse-Normandie 3% Ile de France
Alsace 36%
(Paris region) 25%
Bretagne
(Brittany) 6%
Centre 15%
Franche-Comté 11%
Bourgogne
(Burgundy) 14%
Pays-de-la-Loire 10%
Poitou-Charentes 7%
Limousin
Auvergne
Rhône-Alpes 20%
Aquitaine 7%
Midi-Pyrénées 8%
Corse
(Corsica)
French
Guiana 3%
Guadeloupe 2%
Martinique 5%
Réunion 6%
MID-SIZE COMPANIES MAKE THE
LARGEST CONTRIBUTION AMONG
FOREIGN MULTINATIONALS
Mid-size companies account for 26% of foreign-owned firms
in France, but only one percent of all French companies. It
is worth noting that 92% of companies in France are microenterprises.
Fifty-two percent of individuals working for foreign-owned
firms are employed by mid-size companies, compared with
only 24% of the entire French workforce. Mid-size companies
generate 59% of foreign-owned export turnover, compared
with only 35% of all French export turnover. SMEs are the
second largest contributor to foreign-owned export turnover,
generating 30%.
Large foreign corporates account for nine percent of foreignowned legal entities, but 32% of personnel employed by
foreign-owned firms, while only 27% of all employees in France
are employed by large corporates.
FIG. 8 Characteristics of foreign-owned companies
In %
60
52
51
turnover (manufacturing sector)
42
45
35
35
32
30
Haute-Normandie 43%
Basse-Normandie 9%
Bretagne
(Brittany) 11%
Picardie 35%
Lorraine 44%
Ile de France
Alsace 57%
(Paris region) 31%
Centre 38%
15
Franche-Comté 22%
Bourgogne
(Burgundy) 33%
Poitou-Charentes
34
26
14
13
9
16
20 22
16
1
0
rporates
Large co
anies
e comp
Mid-siz
SMEs
Turnover
Number of legal entities
Number of employees
Export turnover
Source: INSEE, Business France calculations
Limousin 11%
Auvergne 6%
Rhône-Alpes 37%
Aquitaine 18%
Midi-Pyrénées 12%
Corse
(Corsica) 2%
Guadeloupe
French Guiana
Martinique
s
nterprise
Micro-e
Réunion 15%
A MAJOR CONTRIBUTION
TO EMPLOYMENT
At the end of 2013, INSEE recorded nearly
24,530 foreign subsidiaries in France,
employing nearly two million people, or 13% of
the workforce outside the agriculture, financial
and government sectors (approximately one in
seven employees).
Although foreign companies account for
only one percent of all companies in France,
they play a critical role in French regional
development. For example, they account for
one-quarter of all jobs in the Alsace region, 18%
in Ile de France (Paris region), 14% in RhôneAlpes, 13% in both Picardie and Lorraine, 12%
in Nord-Pas de Calais, and 11% in the HauteNormandie, Bourgogne and Centre regions.
employment (all sectors)
The contribution of foreign-owned companies
is particularly significant in manufacturing,
where nearly one-quarter of all jobs in the
sector are provided by these companies. Their
contribution is higher than the national average
in Alsace (46%), Lorraine (35%), Nord-Pas de
Calais (29%), Picardie (29%), Rhône-Alpes
(28%), Centre (27%), and Ile de France (Paris
region) (26%).
Of particular note is that one-third of all jobs
in the wholesale and retail trade are provided
by foreign-owned companies in Alsace (40%)
as well as Ile de France (Paris region) (33%).
employment (manufacturing sector)
Picardie 13%
Haute-Normandie 11%
Lorraine 13%
Alsace 25%
(Paris region) 18%
Bretagne
(Brittany) 5%
Centre 11%
Franche-Comté 10%
Bourgogne
(Burgundy) 11%
Pays-de-la-Loire 9%
Picardie 29%
Haute-Normandie 29%
Lorraine 35%
(Paris region) 27%
Bretagne
Alsace 46%
(Brittany) 12%
Centre 27%
Franche-Comté 19%
Bourgogne
(Burgundy) 25%
Poitou-Charentes 6%
Limousin 6%
Poitou-Charentes 16%
Rhône-Alpes 14%
Limousin
Rhône-Alpes 29%
Auvergne 8%
Auvergne 4%
Aquitaine 5%
Aquitaine 13%
Midi-Pyrénées 6%
Languedoc-Roussillon
Midi-Pyrénées 12% Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur 15%
Corse
(Corsica)
Guadeloupe 2%
French
Guiana 3%
Martinique 2%
Réunion 3%
Corse
(Corsica) 2%
Guadeloupe
French
Guiana 11%
Martinique
Réunion 6%
FOREIGN-OWNED COMPANIES AMONG THE LARGEST EMPLOYERS IN FRANCE
Parent company
Source country
Economic activity
Employees in France
ISS A/S-INTEGRATED SERVICE SOLUTIONS Denmark
Services to buildings and landscape activities
25,000
CLAYTON, DUBILIER & RICE
(Hertz, Exova)
United States
Financial service activities, except insurance and pension
funding
25,000
LIDL
Germany
Retail trade, except of motor vehicles and motorcycles
20-25,000
RAMSAY HEALTH CARE
Australia
Human health activities (private clinics)
20-25,000
XPO LOGISTICS LLC
United States
Transport, storage
20-25,000
GENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY
United States
Financial and insurance activities
Manufacture of machinery and equipment
Manufacture of electrical, electronic, IT equipment
15-20,000
KINGFISHER PLC (Castorama, Brico Dépôt)
United Kingdom Retail trade, except of motor vehicles and motorcycles
15-20,000
ARCELOR-MITTAL
Luxembourg
Manufacture of basic iron and steel and of ferro-alloys
Manufacture of other transport equipment
15-20,000
SECURITAS AB
Sweden
Security and investigation activities.
Office administrative, office support and other business
support activities
15-20,000
COMPASS GROUP PLC
United Kingdom Food and beverage service activities
15-20,000
Activities of head offices, management consultancy activities
NESTLE S.A.
Switzerland
BRIDGEPOINT ADVISERS GROUP LIMITED
United Kingdom Financial and insurance activities
Other services activities
15-20,000
DARTY GROUP (Darty, Mistergooddeal)
United Kingdom Wholesale and retail trade, except of motor vehicles and
motorcycles
Warehousing and support activities for transportation
10-15,000
WALT DISNEY CO.
United States
Sports activities and amusement and recreation activities
10-15,000
Activities of head offices, management consultancy activities
DEUTSCHE POST AG
Germany
Warehousing and support activities for transportation
Real estate activities.
10-15,000
JIN JIANG INTERNATIONAL HOLDINGS
CO., LTD. (Louvre Hotels Group)
China
Hotels, tourism, restaurants
10-15,000
ALLIANZ SE
Germany
Financial and insurance activities
10-15,000
FAMILIEN PORSCHE/PIECH
Germany
Manufacture of motor vehicles
10-15,000
LOUIS DELHAIZE-COMPAGNIE FRANCOBELGE D'ALIMENTATION
(Supermarchés Match, Truffaut)
Belgium
Food, agriculture, fishing
10-15,000
UNITED TECHNOLOGIES CORPORATION
(P&W, Ratier-Figeac, Otis)
United States
Specialised construction activities
Manufacture of other transport equipment
10-15,000
Manufacture of food products
Manufacture of beverages
Wholesale trade, except of motor vehicles and motorcycles
15-20,000
Source: Orbis-Astrée; Business France calculations
They chose
FRANCE
ARDO
AGRI-FOOD
Ardo invests at its production facility in
Brittany.
Ardo holds a dominant position in the
global markets for high-quality frozen
vegetables, fruit, pasta and rice. Its
production facility in Gourin (Bretagne
region) is its main site in France,
employing 360 people. Locally sourced
produce is sorted, washed, baked,
cooked, frozen and packaged on site,
resulting in 80,000 tonnes of finished
products leaving the site every year.
The plant has been granted a €37
million makeover to increase
production capacity, create a storage
depot, thereby rationalizing under one
roof separate production processes
currently performed externally, and set
up a new water treatment plant. Work is
scheduled to last until 2017.
Employee training is also on the
agenda: “These projects involving a
distribution center and a new water
treatment plant show that Ardo has
committed its long-term future to the
Centre and Bretagne regions,” said
Claude Villain, former Chief Executive of
Ardo’s French operations, prior to his
retirement, when he was replaced by
Bernard Sage.
VAN DRIE
HOLDING BV
TEXTILES
A shining example of how expertise
can be pooled in a smart partnership
between two leaders in the luxury
leather and meat industries.
Sobeval, a subsidiary of the Dutch group
Van Drie, is a leading ‘made in
Dordogne’ veal producer, with 330
employees. The firm recently confirmed
a major investment to double its animal
hide storage capacity at its main
premises in Boulazac (AquitaineLimousin-Poitou-Charentes region).
The group plans to move into the luxury
clothing market by creating a new
robotized processing facility to provide
high-quality leather to French luxury
goods firm Hermès.
Sobeval consequently plans to hire
around fifty new employees over the
coming three years.
CASCADES
ROLLPACK
WOOD, PAPER
Cascades Rollpack specializes in making
paper and plastic sheeting (rolls and slip
sheets) for the stationery industry as
well as moisture-resistant and anti-slip
liners for corrugated cardboard
packaging. In 2000, its new French facility was a
small-scale affair, with only six
personnel, before growing to employ
nearly 60 people today at two sites in
the Vosges mountains (eastern France).
Starting in 2012, having received full
support from the local council, the
company began a major €5.4 million
investment program to greatly expand
its site in Saulcy-sur-Meurthe, which
also involved setting up one of the
largest plastics extrusion production
lines in Europe. The investment has
since helped Cascades Rollpack break
into new growth markets in the last
three years, including corrugated
cardboard and food packaging.
Well before sustainable development
became a word on everyone’s lips,
Cascades was doing it instinctively. The
group mostly makes products out of
recycled fibers, and its Lorraine site has
long since been certified ISO 14001. Its
management philosophy, honed after
half a century in the recycling business,
along with its long-term R&D focus are
both factors driving the company to
create innovative products for its
clients.
Cascades is keen to meet all its
obligations to business, environment
and the society, and ensures it takes
good care of the employees and
resources at its disposal. An example of
this is that every day, all employees
share and live by the company’s six core
values: respect, teamwork, autonomy,
flexibility, initiative, and communication.
GRUPO LANTERO
PLASTICS
Coexpan, a first-mover in extrusion with
more than 40 years’ experience in the
sector, is a division of Grupo Lantero
focusing on manufacturing rigid plastic
films for the packaging industry. The
company boasts a large presence in
France and has plans to work on new
materials.
A number of investments were made
recently to increase capacity and
enhance the firm’s competitiveness,
particularly at its site in Roye (Nord-Pas
de Calais-Picardie region) which was
the most suitable location for brand
new production lines, having long since
specialized in making plastic barrier
films for the food industry.
A total of €10 million were invested to
make Roye Europe’s largest barrier film
production facility. Coexpan and its
French subsidiary FSP hope to
reintroduce polypropylene surplus into
the production process, thereby
converting material that would
otherwise be wasted, and increasing
production capacity further still.
A DRIVER OF REGIONAL EXPORTS
FIG. 12 Contribution of foreign-owned companies to regional exports
(all sectors)
Foreign-owned companies are responsible
for 32% of French exports, with the figure
reaching 34% in the manufacturing sector and
35% in the wholesale and retail trade. Midsize companies are the main contributors to
exports, accounting for 59% of all exports by
foreign-owned firms.
Haute-Normandie 47%
Picardie 48%
Lorraine 56%
(Paris region) 28%
Bretagne
Alsace 63%
(Brittany) 23%
Foreign subsidiaries generate more than
half of all export turnover in Alsace (63%),
Lorraine (56%) and the Centre region (55%).
It is noteworthy that the contribution of foreignowned companies to exports is greater than
the national average in the Nord-Pas de Calais
(41%) region.
Centre 55%
Franche-Comté 42%
Bourgogne
(Burgundy) 47%
Limousin 22%
Rhône-Alpes 46%
Auvergne 6%
Aquitaine 22%
The internationalization of the manufacturing
sector is particularly evident in a number of
regions, with foreign companies accounting
for more than half of all manufacturing exports
in Alsace (72%), Lorraine (63%), Centre
(59%), Haute-Normandie (56%), Bourgogne
(Burgundy) (55%), Picardie (54%), LanguedocRoussillon (54%) and Rhône-Alpes (51%).
Corse
(Corsica)
Guadeloupe
French
Guiana 0%
3%
Martinique
3%
FIG. 13 Contribution of foreign-owned companies to regional exports
(manufacturing sector)
FIG. 11 Size of foreign-owned exporters in France
Picardie 54%
Haute-Normandie 56%
1%
13 %
27 %
� Large corporates
� Mid-size companies
� SMEs
� Micro-enterprises
Lorraine 63%
(Paris region) 26%
Bretagne
Alsace 72%
(Brittany) 26%
Centre 59%
Franche-Comté 44%
Bourgogne
(Burgundy) 55%
Limousin 26%
59 %
Auvergne 6%
Rhône-Alpes 51%
Aquitaine 29%
Source : INSEE, Business France calculations
Corse
(Corsica)
Guadeloupe
French Guiana
Martinique
Réunion
2%
FOREIGN SUBSIDIARIES ACTIVELY
CONTRIBUTING TO R&D
TWENTY-EIGHT
PERCENT OF BERD
In 2013, 28% of all business enterprise R&D
expenditure (BERD) in France was made by
foreign-owned companies, amounting to a total
of €8.6 billion.
IN FRANCE MADE
BY FOREIGN-OWNED
COMPANIES
The concentration of BERD is higher among
foreign companies. Two sectors accounted for
37% of overall expenditure: the manufacture
of air and spacecraft generated 25% of BERD
by foreign companies (€2.2 billion), while
electronic components and boards accounted
for €1.1 billion or 12%.
The contribution to R&D expenditure from
foreign-owned subsidiaries is significant
in sectors such as: electronic components,
boards, computers etc. (74% of total BERD
expenditure); manufacture of air and spacecraft
(63%); manufacture of basic metals (56%);
manufacture of machinery and equipment
(53%); manufacture of irradiation equipment
(49%); manufacture of wood and paper (37%);
food processing (36%); the chemical industry
(33%); and manufacture of textiles and clothing
(30%).
TWO-THIRDS OF FOREIGN R&D
INVESTMENT MADE BY EUROPEAN
COMPANIES
With €6.4 billion in business enterprise R&D
expenditure, European companies generated
more than three-quarters of foreign R&D
investment in France. The Netherlands and
Germany are the main European countries
whose companies spend the most on R&D
in France. Also of note is that the holding
company for Airbus Group is located in the
Netherlands and accounts for a majority of
foreign BERD. With €1.4 billion, the United
States accounted for 19% of R&D investment
by foreign companies in France.
BREAKDOWN BY SOURCE COUNTRY OF
BUSINESS ENTERPRISE R&D EXPENDITURE AND
RESEARCHERS3
BERD
(€ million)
Researchers
(full-time
equivalent)
6,434
31,421
Austria
41
198
Belgium
302
1,492
Denmark
59
224
Finland
42
216
933
4,715
European Union (EU-28)
Germany
Italy
183
868
Luxembourg
570
3,266
3,369
15,461
Spain
108
548
Sweden
367
1,691
BERD
United Kingdom
418
2,463
Contribution to R&D expenditure
Norway
15
69
485
2,216
FIG. 14 Contribution of foreign subsidiaries to R&D expenditure
by economic activity (top 10)
100%
Netherlands*
80%
Switzerland
60%
Europe sub-total
6,934
33,705
United States
1,379
7,436
36
301
178
929
40%
Canada
20%
Japan
de
qu
ipm
en
ion
t
nu
fac
eq
uip
tur
Ot
eo
me
he
rm
fb
nt
asi
an
cm
ufa
ctu
eta
rin
ls
gi
W
nd
oo
ust
d,
rie
pa
s
pe
r, p
rin
Fo
tin
od
g
pro
ces
Ch
sin
em
g
Tex
ica
tile
l in
s,
du
clo
str
thi
y
ng
ind
ust
ry
iat
an
f ir
rad
eo
ery
ch
in
fac
tur
Ma
nu
Ma
170
855
Sub-total (foreign subsidiaries)
Rest of world
8,697
43,226
TOTAL (ALL COMPANIES)
30,708
161,882
Ma
spa
nd
ir a
fa
eo
fac
nu
Ma
Ele
ctr
on
ic
co
mp
on
en
ts,
tur
bo
ard
s,
co
m
pu
ter
s,
etc
.
cec
raf
t
0%
The nationality of each firm is determined by the country code of the group parent
company.
*The figures for Netherlands are distorted by the domiciliation of the Airbus Group
holding company in the country.
3
FOREIGN COMPANIES
OPERATING IN FRANCE EMPLOY
OVER ONE-QUARTER OF ALL
RESEARCHERS
Twenty-seven percent of all researchers,
i.e. 43,226 full-time equivalents (FTEs),
who work for a company in France actually
work for a foreign company. Foreign
companies are increasingly focused on
manufacturing activities, with nearly half
of all researchers in France working in
industries such as the manufacture of
air and spacecraft (21%), electronic
components/boards/computers (15%)
and the manufacture of motor vehicles
(11%).
FIG. 15 Breakdown of researchers in top 10 economic activities
Manufacture of air and spacecraft
Electronic components, boards, computers, etc.
IT, computer services
Manufacture of machinery, equipment
Pharmaceutical industry
Professional, scientific and technical activities
Chemical industry
Man. of measuring, testing, navigation instruments; watches/clocks
Publishing, broadcasting
Manufacture of electrical equipment
Food processing
French companies
Foreign subsidiaries
Manufacture of basic metals
Other manufacturing not elsewhere classified
Manufacture of communication equipment
Manufacture of rubber and plastic products
Manufacture of metal products, except machinery/equipment
Other activities not elsewhere classified
Telecommunications
Manufacture of irradiation equipment
Manufacture of ships/boats, rail rolling stock, military vehicles
0%
2%
4%
6%
8%
10%
12%
14%
16%
18%
20%
Source: French Ministry for Primary, Secondary and Higher Education and Research
THE OPEN NATURE OF THE FRENCH ECONOMY
• More than 30,000 French companies have
established themselves in foreign countries,
while 20,000 foreign companies have made
job-creating investments in France.
• The French economy welcomes foreign
investment: France is ranked seventh in the
world for the accumulated inward FDI stock
after the United States, China, the United
Kingdom, Singapore, Brazil and Germany.
(UNCTAD, 2015)
The French economy’s openness to foreign
investment can be seen through data from
the French National Institute for Statistics
and Economic Studies (INSEE), which states
that foreign subsidiaries:
> Provide jobs for 13% of the workforce in
France
> Generate 19% of all turnover in France
> Generate 32% of all French exports
> Account for 12% of investment in tangible
assets in France
• This open nature is more pronounced
in the manufacturing sector. According to
data from INSEE, foreign subsidiaries:
> Provide jobs for nearly one-quarter of the
manufacturing sector workforce in France
> Generate 29% of all French manufacturing
turnover
> Generate 34% of all French manufacturing
exports
> Account for 29% of investment in tangible
assets in French manufacturing
• 45.3% of the equity of companies listed on
the CAC 40 is owned by foreign investors
(Banque de France, September 2015).
• Foreign subsidiaries in France account
for 28% of all business enterprise R&D
expenditure (BERD) in France. (French
Ministry for Primary, Secondary and Higher
Education and Research, 2016).
• Thirty-one of the world’s top 500
companies are French, while 28 are German
and 28 are British. (Fortune Global 500, 2015)
22%
FRENCH EXPORTS
IN 2015
70 MAIN FEATURES OF FRENCH EXPORTS
72 EXPORTING COMPANIES
75 FRANCE’S EXPORT PERFORMANCE
© Shutterstock.com
CHAP. 4 / FRENCH EXPORTS IN 2015
MAIN FEATURES
OF FRENCH EXPORTS
FRENCH GOODS EXPORTS ROSE 4.3% IN 2015, SURPASSING THEIR PREVIOUS RECORD
HIGH ACHIEVED IN 2012.
A
fter two years of moderate growth,
exports of French goods climbed
4.3% in 2015 to amount to €455.1
billion.1 According to analysis by
the French Treasury Directorate, French exports
were stronger than global demand for French
goods in 2015, stemming primarily from
advanced economies.2 One explanation for this
could be increased competitiveness arising from
a weaker euro and by measures introduced by
the French government to cut labor costs.
BUOYANT EXPORTS
IN THE AEROSPACE
AND AUTOMOBILE
INDUSTRIES
The buoyancy of the transport equipment sector
(exports up 10.5%), driven by the aerospace
and automotive industries, accounted for more
than half of the growth in French exports in
2015. Increased foreign sales of equipment
and mechanical products, electrical/electronic
goods (+5.1%) as well as beverages (+8.3%)
also reflect an export rebound in 2015. After
a significant downturn in 2014, exports of
pharmaceutical products (+2.7%, versus -5.2%
in 2014) and agricultural products (+6.5%,
versus -10.2% in 2014) were back on the rise
in 2015. Conversely, the sharp fall in exports
of oil-based products (-23%) took a negative
toll on otherwise healthy export performances.
French exports are focused in high value-added
sectors. Four sectors accounted for two-thirds
of exports: transport equipment (23.2% of
the total); capital goods (19.2%); chemical
products, perfumes and cosmetics (11.9%);
and food products (10%).
FIG. 1 Sector-by-sector breakdown of French goods
exports (2015)
1.9%
4.2%
3.5 %
3.9%
23.2%
� Transport equipment
� Capital goods
� Chemical products,
perfumes and cosmetics
� Food products
� Metal production,
4.1%
metal products
5%
6.4%
� Pharmaceutical products
� Textiles, apparel,
6.7%
� Rubber, plastics
leather and footwear
19.2%
10%
11.9%
Source: French Customs Authorities, gross estimates, CIF/FOB excluding military equipment
70 / 2015 ANNUAL REPORT- BUSINESS FRANCE
and mineral products
� Energy
� Agricultural products
� Wood, paper products
� Miscellaneous
Source: French Customs Authorities, gross estimates, CIF/FOB
excluding military equipment
France’s external trade results in 2015 were published by the Treasury
Directorate on February 5, 2016.
1
2
THE UNITED STATES BECAME FRANCE’S
SECOND LARGEST EXPORT MARKET IN 2015,
AFTER GERMANY, FRANCE’S LONGSTANDING
LEADING TRADE PARTNER
French exports to North and South America jumped 16.6%
in 2015, due to the strength of exports to the United States
(+19.5% in 2015, versus +2% in 2014) in a favorable
environment due to the dollar’s strength against the euro
and the recovery of the US economy. Conversely, exports
to the European Union reported sluggish growth (+2.2%)
and exports to European countries outside of the EU inched
downward (-1.4%). Consequently, the share of French
exports to the United States rose from 6.4% in 2014 to
7.3% in 2015. The United States has now become France’s
second largest trade partner (up from sixth in 2014), ahead
of Spain, Italy and the United Kingdom. As the recipient
of 59% of French exports in 2015, the European Union
remains by far France’s leading export market.
FIG. 2 Breakdown of French exports by destination region (2015)
3%
0%
6%
7%
59%
11%
13%
� European Union
� Asia
� Americas
� Non-EU Europe
� Africa
� Middle East
� Other
China (+11.2%) stood out as the driving force underpinning
French exports to Asia in 2015, whereas exports to Japan
contracted (-7.7%). French exports continued to benefit
from buoyant markets in Africa (+4.1%) and the Middle
East (+12.7%).
IN 2014 FRANCE WAS THE WORLD’S THIRD
LEADING EXPORTER OF SERVICES
According to provisional estimates published by the Banque
de France, France’s service exports slowed in 2015, but
continued to grow at a steady pace (+3.8% in 2015,
versus +7.7% in 2014), totaling €216 billion in 2015.3
Compared with 2014, exports increased for most types
of services,except for travel: transport up 4.5%, intellectual
property usage fees up 19%, telecommunications up 4.5%
and other business services up 7%. Insurance services and
financial services reported more moderate growth. In 2014
France was the world’s third leading exporter of services
with a market share of 5%. Service exports accounted for
nearly one-third of France’s total exports.
FIG. 3 Breakdown of French exports by destination country
16.0%
Germany
7.3%
United States
Spain
7.3%
Italy
7.2%
United Kingdom
7.1%
Belgium
6.8%
4.0%
3.9%
China
Netherlands
3.1%
Switzerland
1.7%
Poland
Turkey
1.6%
Japan
1.4%
Algeria
1.4%
Singapore
1.2%
1.2%
Sweden
South Korea
1.1%
Brazil
1.1%
1%
1%
Hong Kong
Russia
1%
Portugal
0%
The Banque de France analysis is based on provisional data from
monthly balance of payments statistics. The consolidated figures will be
published in their annual report on the 2015 balance of payments in
June 2016.
3
Share of French exports (2015)
Share of French exports (2014)
5%
10%
15%
20%
EXPORTING COMPANIES
THE NUMBER OF EXPORTING COMPANIES INCREASED SHARPLY
TO OVER 125,000 IN 2015.
A
3.1% RISE IN NUMBER
OF FRENCH EXPORTERS
IN 2015
fter stabilizing in 2014, 2015
was marked by a significant rise
in the number of exporters, up 3.1%
to total of 125,000.4 This result
is due not only to the arrival of newcomers
to export, but also a fall, compared with
2014, in the number of companies ceasing
to export. Mirroring the trend in export sales,
the increase in the number of exporters can be
seen most clearly in exports to the United States
(+3.2%). Nevertheless, analysis of recipients
shows that despite Africa’s low share in total
French exports (6%), the number of exporting
companies to Africa (39,500) is higher than
Number of French exporters to each region
75,000
the number of exporters to North and South
America (33,430) or Asia (31,100). By sector,
manufacturing accounted for one-quarter of
exporting companies in 2015, versus 44% for
retail, 16% for services and 11% for agriculture.
Based on data and results from a study conducted by French Customs
Authorities “Sharp rise in number of exporters” published in February
2016. In 2015, the authorities identified around 110,000 businesses
as defined by the French Economic Modernization Act (LME) of August
4, 2008, comprising 125,000 legal entities as defined by INSEE
(French National Institute for Statistics and Economic Studies).
4
% change (2015)
4%
3.2%
60,000
FIG. 4 Trends in French exporters
by world region (2015)
3%
1.9%
45,000
30,000
1.9%
0.9%
2%
0.7%
0%
15,000
0
-15,000
European
Union
Non-EU
Europe
Africa
Americas
Asia
Middle East
-1%
-2%
-2.1%
-30,000
-3%
-4%
-45,000
Source: French Customs Authorities
1%
MICRO-EXPORTERS AND THEIR
EXPORT SALES BOTH ROSE SHARPLY
IN 2015
The rise in the number of exporters in 2015 was
almost entirely the result of a 4.5% increase in
the number of exporting businesses with fewer
than 20 employees. According to French
Customs Authorities, the rise in exports from this
category represented 37% of total export sales
growth. In 2015, SMEs and micro-enterprises
accounted for 96% of exporting companies
but only generated 16% of all export sales.
Conversely, large corporates, which only
amounted to 0.4% of exporters, generated
50% of all export sales.
FIG. 5 Breakdown of French exporters and export sales by category
(2015)
%
96%
100%
Number of French exporters
Export sales
80%
60%
50%
40%
34%
16%
20%
4%
0.4%
0%
Large corporates
Mid-size companies
SMEs and
micro-enterprises
FIG. 6 Breakdown of French export sales (2015)
OVER HALF OF EXPORT SALES BY
MID-SIZE COMPANIES IN 2015
GENERATED BY FOREIGN-OWNED
SUBSIDIARIES
Exporting companies may be independent or
belong to a French- or foreign-owned group.
Independent legal entities only accounted for
two percent of total French exports in 2015, with
98% generated by companies belonging to a
group. Foreign-owned subsidiaries represented
eight percent of exporting companies yet were
responsible for 41% of French exports.
100%
80%
60%
40%
55%
33%
45%
57%
Mid-size companies
SMEs and
micro-enterprises
67%
20%
0%
10%
33%
Large corporates
Independent legal entities
Foreign-owned groups
French-owned groups
The impact that foreign companies have on
French exports varies by company size, with
mid-size companies contributing the most.
Although foreign-owned subsidiaries generated
around one-third of French exports by large
corporates and SMEs in 2015, they accounted
for more than half of export sales by mid-size
companies.
EXPORTING REGIONAL EXPERTISE
The French Customs Authorities estimate that
3.2% of French companies exported goods or
services in 2015. These exporting companies
are located throughout France.
FIG. 7 Percentage of exporting
companies in France
Lower than average
<2%
Higher than average
2 to 2.8% 2.8 to 3.6% 3.6 to 4.4%
>4.4%
FIG. 8 Contribution of France’s regions
to French exports (2015)
NordPas de Calais
7.3%
HautePicardie
Normandie
3.2%
6.1%
BasseLorraine
Normandie
3.8%
Ile de France
Champagne1.1%
(Paris region)
Ardenne
18.7%
Bretagne(Brittany)
2.6%
2.4%
Centre
4.2%
Pays de la Loire
3.9%
EXPORTING COMPANIES
Bourgogne
(Burgundy)
2.0%
Poitou-Charentes
1.7%
Limousin
0.5%
CAN BE FOUND
THROUGHOUT
Auvergne
1.6%
FRANCE’S REGIONS
Alsace
7.1%
Franche-Comté
2.3%
Rhône-Alpes
11%
Aquitaine
2.8%
Midi-Pyrénées
11.0%
LanguedocRoussillon
1.5%
Provence-AlpesCôte d’Azur
5.1%
FRANCE’S EXPORT
PERFORMANCE
AGAINST A BACKDROP OF A SLOWDOWN IN GLOBAL TRADE,
FRANCE’S MARKET SHARE IN GLOBAL GOODS EXPORTS
REMAINS STABLE AT 3.1%.
G
lobalization has entailed the rapid
integration of emerging economies
into world markets, resulting in
lower global market shares for
developed countries. The share in global
exports of goods by European Union countries
fell from 45% in 1990 to 32% in 2014,
FIG. 9 Global goods export market share among leading European exporters5
10%
9%
8%
Germany
7%
Netherlands
6%
France
5%
Italy
4%
United Kingdom
3%
Belgium
2%
Spain
1%
0%
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
Key: German exports accounted to 9.1% of global goods exports in 2009, versus 7.6% in 2014.
Source: IMF, DOTS; Business France calculations
The global market share corresponds to a country’s goods exports in relation to total global goods exports expressed in
dollars. Market shares are calculated based on data on the trade of goods from the IMF DOTS database.
5
while China advanced from 1.9% to 12.7%.
However, beyond immediate competitiveness
effects, changes to market shares by revenue
also reflect changes in valuation arising from
exchange rate fluctuations.
In this context, France’s market share crept
down until 2012, before evening out at 3.1%
of global goods exports. A similar pattern can
be discerned for France’s European neighbors,
except for Germany whose global market share
started to recover in 2013 but still remains some
way below its pre-crisis level. By comparison,
Germany and the United Kingdom accounted
for 7.6% and 2.5%, respectively, of global
goods exports in 2014.
French export performances also vary in
different markets. By world region, France’s
market share is at its highest relative to its
European competitors in Africa, where it is the
leading European supplier to the continent. In
2014, France accounted for 6.6% of global
goods exports to African countries – ahead
of Germany (4.4%) and the United Kingdom
(2.3%) – as well as 5.8% of all exports to the
European Union, 2.4% to the Middle East and
1.4% to North America.
Analysis by export market confirms that French
products fare better in neighboring markets,
particularly countries in Europe and northern
Africa, than the more distant Asian or American
markets. This reflects the importance of crossborder trade of intermediate goods between
neighboring countries – a growing trend driven
by increasingly fragmented production chains
– as well as the fact that it remains less costly
to trade with neighbors than with more distant
FIG. 10 Goods export market shares of leading European exporters by world
region (2014)
16
Germany
14
Netherlands
12
France
Italy
10
United Kingdom
8
Belgium
Spain
6
4
2
0
ope
rld
Wo
Eur
n
nio
nU
ea
rop
ica
Afr
Eu
sia
gA
rgin
Eme
rth
No
a
eric
Am
dle
Mid
t
Eas
Key: France accounted for 5.8% of global exports to the European Union, Germany 14.2%, and
the United Kingdom 3.9%.
FIG. 11 France’s market share in leading goods export markets (2014)
Algeria
Germany
Belgium
Brazil
China
South Korea
United Arab Emirates
Spain
United States
Hong Kong
Italy
Japan
Morocco
Netherlands
Poland
Portugal
United Kingdom
Russia
Singapore
Sweden
Switzerland
Tunisia
Turkey
15%
8.1%
1.3%
1.3%
10.1%
2.4%
2.3%
12%
1.5%
0.8%
8.5%
1.2%
13.6%
3.6%
4.2%
2.9%
2.0%
5.9%
4.3%
7.1%
6.4%
18.9%
3.6%
0
5
10
15
20
countries, despite falling international transport
costs. As the recipient of 59% of French exports,
the European Union remains France’s leading
market.
IN 2015, FRANCE’S COST
COMPETITIVENESS IMPROVED
MARKEDLY, DUE TO COST
SAVINGS FOR BUSINESSES FROM
THE COMPETITIVENESS AND
EMPLOYMENT TAX CREDIT (CICE)
The introduction of the competitiveness and
employment tax credit (CICE) enabled businesses
in France to absorb social security contribution
exemptions as of 2013, with a direct impact
on their profit margins. Labor costs in France
decreased once the CICE came into force,
and again to a lesser extent in 2014 when
the exemption rate rose further. INSEE believes
that the CICE can be credited for slowing the
progression of labor costs since 2013, thereby
improving France’s cost competitiveness with
respect to its leading European rivals. In market
services, hourly labor costs in France increased
at a moderate annual rate of 0.8%, slightly less
than the euro zone average (+1.0% per year on
average). Overall, hourly labor costs in France
increased less than in Germany (+1.4%), Italy
(+1.4%) and the United Kingdom (+1.9%). In
manufacturing, the annual average rose 1.1%,
compared with 2.1% in the euro zone. Between
the beginning of 2012 and the end of 2014,
while hourly labor costs in manufacturing in
Spain, the United Kingdom and Italy increased
at an average annual rate close to that of
France, in Germany they increased at a much
faster pace of 3.2%.
Successful EXPORTERS
company manufactures environmentally
friendly five-layer removable liners for
BAKERY, PASTRIES, FOOD PRODUCTS
painting trays under the trademark
Blending tradition and innovation, the
Pull-Liner™. This product and unique
Biscuiterie de Provence, founded in 1997, process eliminates the need to clean
is an expert in healthy and gourmet
paint buckets and pollution arising from
cookies, offering a wide variety of
cleaning. Over 90% of its products are
savory, sweet, gluten-free and organic
shipped from its plant, which enables it
products. Based in Saint-Maurice-surto generate a gross profit margin of
Eygues in the Rhône-Alpes region, the
around 40% of its turnover. The
company employs 20 people and
company recently entered the North
generates 11% of its turnover from
American market, where high valueexports. Thanks to a deal with the
added technical products are very much
Norwegian company Sarrazac,
in demand, signing an exclusive
specializing in importing gourmet
manufacturing and distribution
products in Norway, Biscuiterie de
licensing agreement with a leading US
Provence’s products can now be found
firm. Building on this success, the
in the upscale section of several chain
company continues to develop new
stores belonging to Norway’s largest
processes.
retail chain, Norges-gruppen.
Biscuiterie de Provence
Generation Tech
PLASTICS AND TECHNICAL TEXTILES
Founded in 2003 in Suresnes in Ile de
France (Paris region), Generation Tech
currently markets its products in Europe
and Canada. After three years of
research and development and the filing
of several patents and models, the
expertise, the company decided to step
up its presence in the Romanian market
in 2014. It has since finalized distribution
agreements with new Romanian
partners and recorded its first major
orders in April 2015. The company,
which has around 10 employees,
currently generates over 50% of its
turnover from exports.
SD Innovation
Lorraine-based SD Innovation is a French
company with expertise in hematology
diagnostics involved in the manufacture
and sale of biomedical and blood
analysis equipment. SD Innovation
began its international expansion four
years ago through a call for tenders that
led to the sale of its products in Algeria.
ADH2OC Industrial
Its international business then continued
ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES
to gain ground. Today, with interests in
Africa and Latin America, the company
Based in Tréguier in Bretagne (Brittany),
generates 40% of its turnover through
ADH2OC Industrial is a company
exports. Having recently entered the
specializing in the design and
manufacture of water treatment systems. Vietnamese market, the company is
looking to continue its development in
Its products include a full range of
the ASEAN market.
components and systems for building
and industrial applications. Based on this
Mensia Technologies
SOFTWARE PUBLISHING
FIG. 12 Global goods export market share among leading European exporters
Euro zone
France
United Kingdom Germany
Spain
Italy
130%
112%
110%
100%
Mensia Technologies is a new French
company that has developed a software
suite based on research in braincomputer interfaces (BCI) intended for
neuroscience research centers or
companies in the wellness and medical
device sector. Mensia began its
expansion strategy with exports to
Japan, and plans to consolidate its
international presence by creating a
network of local partners and
distributors in emerging countries,
particularly in South America, the Middle
East and Asia.
90%
0%
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
NB: Increases in the indices represent declining cost competitiveness.
Source: OECD, Business France calculations
TRADE AND INVESTMENT
SYNERGIES
80 INCREASINGLY GLOBAL VALUE CHAINS
83 INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES
© Shutterstock.com
CHAP. 5 / TRADE AND INVESTMENT SYNERGIES
INCREASINGLY
GLOBAL VALUE CHAINS
FRAGMENTED PRODUCTION PROCESSES ARE CREATING GREATER
BILATERAL TRADE AND INVESTMENT
T
he liberalization of mobile production
factors through the continued lowering
of trade and investment barriers,
combined with falling transport
costs and advances in information and
communication technologies, has made it easier
to fragment the production process. Companies
can break up their output and spread their
productive activities across several countries
to exploit various comparative advantages,
thereby improving their competitiveness. The
value chain concept is used to describe the
entire range of activities and tasks required to
deliver a product or service.
This results in intensified bilateral cross-border
investment flows and greater trade of parts and
components, intermediate goods and finished
products. These trade patterns reveal that goods
produced in an economy and exported to a
different end market tend to rely on inputs
located in other economies, which themselves
procure supplies from yet other economies.
GREATER
INTERDEPENDENCE
BETWEEN
ECONOMIES
Growing levels of interdependence in the
global economy can be seen by the rise
across the board in exports as foreign inputs
since the mid-1990s, despite a sharp fall in
2008-09. To produce goods for export, it may
be necessary to acquire intermediate inputs
from foreign suppliers, who themselves may
sometimes be part of a larger scheme involving
imported factors of production. Against this
background, a large number of countries have
recently been engaged in free-trade agreement
negotiations with their trading partners with
a view to securing new growth opportunities
for domestic businesses in global markets. The
advent of regional trade agreements, such as
the Trans-Pacific Partnership, which was reached
in autumn 2015 between the United States,
Japan, and 10 other Pacific Rim countries,
reflect the progress made in integrating diverse
productive processes.
FRENCH BUSINESSES PLAYING
A FULL ROLE IN GLOBAL VALUE
CHAINS
The “value-added” trade measure is an OECD/
WTO initiative to gauge the extent to which
imports are embodied in exports in different
countries, thereby establishing an economy’s
degree of integration within global value chains.
Between 1995 and 2011, the share of foreign
value added in French exports increased in
nearly all sectors, particularly for relatively
sophisticated products. The share of foreign
value-added content in gross French exports
of manufactured products and services climbed
to 25% in 2011, its highest ever level. As
might be expected, the share of foreign valueadded content in gross French exports from the
manufacturing sector (33%) is higher than in the
services sector (11%).
They chose
Foreign value added is particularly high in sectors such as
vehicles and transport equipment (41%), motor vehicles
(37%), machines and electrical equipment (32%), chemical
products (32%), textiles/apparel (32%) (cf. Fig.1).
FRANCE
Furthermore, analysis of value-added trade provides new
insights into foreign demand on the French economy.
Greater domestic value added is exported to North America
and Asia than the gross value of exports recorded by
the French Customs Authorities. While Germany, France’s
leading trade partner, received 14% of gross French exports
in 2011, and the United States 8%, these shares rise to 12%
and 10%, respectively, once measured in value added. In
reality, the logical explanation for this is greater integration
in regional value chains, and therefore a greater share of
foreign content in French exports to Europe.
Itochu Corporation
AGRI-FOOD
Japan’s Itochu Corporation and Marseillebased company Mediaco Vrac Development
(MVD) announced Itochu’s decision to
acquire a stake in Provence Huiles, an MVD
subsidiary in Vitrolles (Provence-Alpes-Côte
d’Azur region) producing vegetable oils for
sale in various European markets.
MDV has 25 years’ experience in the high
value-added vegetable oils sector as a
producer and seller of sunflower oil and
high oleic grape seed oil. It is also active in
bulk logistics and storage of such produce.
Itochu intends to set up a global value
chain using secure food-product sourcing
covering food processing to market sale.
Through this shareholding acquisition,
Itochu is consolidating its value chain by
obtaining a commercial base in Europe.
FIG. 1 Breakdown by sector of foreign value-added content in gross French exports
43%
Other transport equipment
Vehicles and transport equipment
41%
Motor vehicles, trailers/semi-trailers
38%
32%
Machines and electrical equipment
32%
Chemical products
31%
Textiles, apparel, leather goods and footwear
Electronic equipment
30%
Rubber and plastic products
30%
29%
Computer, electronic and optical products
Base metals
29%
Machinery and equipment, not elsewhere classified
28%
28%
Base metals and fabricated metal products
Fabricated metal products
26%
Other non-metallic mineral products
23%
Food, beverages and tobacco
23%
Manufacture of wood, wood and cork products
22%
Manufacture of wood, paper and paper products,
printing and publishing
22%
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
Source: OECD
FIG. 2 France’s exports to leading trade partners (2011)
% of gross exports and value added
16
14
12
Gross exports
14%
Domestic value added in foreign final demand
12%
10%
10
8%
8
8%
8% 8% 8%
7%
6
6%
5%
4
4%
4%
4%
3% 3%
2%
2
2%
2% 2%
2% 2%
2% 2% 1% 1%
a
Canad
Turkey
nds
Netherla
Russia
Japan
d
erlan
Switz
China
m
Belgiu
Spain
gdom
d Kin
Unite
Italy
tes
d Sta
Unite
Germ
any
0
Source: OECD
MEASURING TRADE IN VALUE ADDED
The Trade in Value Added (TiVA)
database is a joint OECD-WTO initiative.
Its aim is to allow better tracking of global
production networks and supply chains
than is possible with conventional trade
statistics.
The TiVA database contains a range of
indicators measuring the value-added
content of international trade flows and
final demand. The indicators are derived
from the 2015 version of OECD’s InterCountry Input-Output (ICIO) Database.
The ICIO has been constructed from
various national and international data
sources all drawn together and balanced
under constraints based on official
(SNA93) National Accounts by economic
activity and National Accounts main
aggregates.
However, the data produced remain
subject to numerous hypotheses, and as
such any conclusions drawn from them
should be treated with caution.
INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS
DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES
WITH THE GREATER INTERNATIONAL DIVISION OF LABOR,
BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES ARE BECOMING
INCREASINGLY COMPLEX.
I
nitial theoretical analyses of the relationship
between FDI flows and trade flows highlighted
two main effects: a complementarity effect
that has a positive impact on bilateral trade
between the source country and the host
country, and a substitution effect whose impact
on bilateral trade is negative. Accordingly,
business decisions were previously only viewed
as a straight choice between producing goods
domestically and exporting them to foreign
markets, or setting up a foreign subsidiary closer
to the source of foreign demand, where the
same goods can be produced.
binary choice between exporting and making
investments abroad. The large increase in intragroup trade between parent companies and
foreign subsidiaries unveils a more complex
strategic relationship. While introducing a
differentiation between vertical and horizontal
investment has started to provide a number of
tentative answers, it would nevertheless seem
realistic to assume that current strategies in
the firm involve a combination of vertical and
horizontal FDI. As trade is facilitated and global
value chains come to the fore, an array of new
INCREASINGLY COMPLEX
STRATEGIES
However, the strategic behavior of the firm in a
global marketplace no longer boils down to a
strategies have been developed to exploit trade
and investment synergies.
STANDINGS: FRANCE’S LEADING IMPORTERS
AND EXPORTERS
These nationwide standings drawn up by the French Customs Authorities
are a league table of firms based on the value of trade flows, i.e. the value of
registered goods for export or import. The standings can also be separated
to provide rankings at regional and local level, based on the location of each
firm’s registered office.
The data collected concern firms rather than corporate groups, as identified
under French law by a unique SIREN company registration number.
STRATEGIES BY FRANCE’S LEADING
FOREIGN-OWNED EXPORTERS
Foreign-owned firms in the machinery/
mechanical equipment, agri-food, and the
chemicals/plastics sectors, as well as in the
automotive industry, feature prominently in the
rankings, and accounted for 44% of investments
recorded in the Annual Report in 20092015. The next most prominent sectors were
pharmaceuticals/biotechnologies, commerce/
retail, aerospace/rail equipment, metals/
metalworking, electrical/electronic equipment,
and glass/ceramics. Conversely, foreign firms
were less represented in lower value-added
sectors such as building materials, consumer
electronics and perfumes/cosmetics.
According to data from the French Customs
Authorities, foreign businesses that have invested
to set up an export base in France generate 41%
of all French goods exports. The nationwide
standings of France’s leading importers and
exporters highlight the interplay between export
performance and foreign investment in France
over the longer term.
In the standings of France’s leading 20,000
exporters in 2015, one-fifth of all firms are
foreign-owned, and among these, 14% made
more than one physical job-creating investment
(greenfield or brownfield) in France in 20092015.
Sixty-two percent of these subsidiaries were
European, while American and German
companies were the key players in bilateral
trade, accounting for more than 40% of such
firms.
FIG. 3 Top 15 source countries of foreign subsidiaries in the import/export standings that also
invest in France
25
23%
21%
20
15
10
9%
8%
6%
5%
5
5%
4%
3%
3%
2%
1%
1%
1%
1%
Source: French Customs Authorities; Annual Report; Business France calculations
pe
Euro
ia
Austr
mar
k
Den
ada
Can
China
Spa
in
ium
Belg
nds
Neth
erla
den
dom
Swe
King
Unite
d
Japa
n
and
tzer
l
Swi
Italy
ny
Stat
Ge
Uni
ted
rma
es
0
They chose
BREAKDOWN BY BUSINESS ACTIVITY OF FOREIGN FIRMS IN THE
IMPORT/EXPORT STANDINGS THAT ALSO INVEST IN FRANCE
Number of
investments
Share
566
65%
72
8%
Engineering, design
10
1%
R&D
62
7%
Business services
64
7%
Retail outlets
63
7%
Logistics
49
6%
44
5%
8
1%
10
1%
7
2%
19
2%
Consumer services
16
2%
TOTAL
874
Business activity
French Headquarters
FRANCE
Italmobiliare
CHEMICALS, PLASTICS
Italmobiliare: Italian group Sirap Gema, a
subsidiary of Italmobiliare, produces
plastic packaging for the food industry. In
January 2015, Sirap Gema acquired
French firm Vitembal, which had been
under bankruptcy protection since July
2013. Based in Remoulins (LanguedocRoussillon-Midi-Pyrénées region),
Vitembal specializes in manufacturing
expanded polystyrene packaging. This
€13.5 million investment safeguarded 117
jobs and created ten more, and will
develop and modernize the firm’s
manufacturing facilities. In February 2015,
the company changed its name,
becoming Sirap Remoulins.
Key: 65% of investing foreign firms in the import/export standings invested in
production/manufacturing operations in France between 2009 and 2015.
FIG. 4 Sector-by-sector breakdown of foreign subsidiaries in the import/export standings that also invest in France
12%
11%
11%
Agri-food
Chemicals, plastics
10%
Automotive industry
6%
Commerce and retail
6%
6%
5%
5%
4%
4%
4%
Textiles, clothing and accessories
3%
3%
Energy, recycling
2%
Transport, storage
2%
1%
1%
1%
Perfumes, cosmetics
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
Source : French Customs Authorities; Annual Report; Business France calculations
TOP 20 FOREIGN EXPORTERS FROM THE IMPORT/EXPORT STANDINGS THAT ALSO INVEST IN FRANCE (2009-2015)
PARENT COMPANY
COMPANY NAME
COUNTRY
ECONOMIC ACTIVITY
AIRBUS GROUP
AIRBUS OPERATIONS
Europe
Manufacture of air and spacecraft and related
machinery
ARCELORMITTAL
ARCELORMITTAL ATLANTIQUE ET
LORRAINE
Luxembourg
Manufacture of base iron and steel and of
ferro-alloys
AB VOLVO
RENAULT TRUCKS
Sweden
ALENIA AERONAUTICA
GIE AVIONS TRANSPORT REGIONAL
Italy
machinery
KLESCH & COMPANY SA
ARKEMA FRANCE
Switzerland
Manufacture of other organic basic chemicals
ASTRAZENECA PLC
ASTRAZENECA DUNKERQUE
PRODUCTION
United
Kingdom
GROUPE SOLVAY SA
RHODIA OPERATIONS
Belgium
TOYOTA MOTOR CORPORATION
TOYOTA MOTOR MANUFACTURING
FRANCE
Japan
EXXON MOBIL CORPORATION
EXXONMOBIL CHEMICAL FRANCE
United States
Manufacture of plastics in primary forms
THE LUBRIZOL CORPORATION
LUBRIZOL FRANCE
United States
Manufacture of other chemical products not
elsewhere classified
BAYER AG
BAYER SAS
Germany
Manufacture of pesticides and other
agrochemical products
CHINA NATIONAL CHEMICAL
ADISSEO FRANCE S.A.S.
China
MERCK KGAA
MILLIPORE
Germany
Manufacture of general-purpose machinery
CAMERON INTERNATIONAL
CAMERON FRANCE
United States
Manufacture of other taps and valves
NTN CORPORATION
NTN-SNR ROULEMENTS
Japan
Manufacture of bearings, gears, gearing and
driving elements
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT
CONSTELLIUM ISSOIRE
United States
Aluminium production
THYSSENKRUPP AG
THYSSENKRUPP PRESTA FRANCE SAS
Germany
Manufacture of other parts and accessories for
motor vehicles
CHEVRON CORPORATION
CHEVRON ORONITE SAS
United States
Manufacture of other chemical products not
elsewhere classified
POLIMERI EUROPA S.P.A.
VERSALIS FRANCE S.A.S.
Italy
DONAU CHEMIE
AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT
KEM ONE
Austria
TOP 20 FOREIGN IMPORTERS FROM THE IMPORT/EXPORT STANDINGS THAT ALSO INVEST IN FRANCE (2009-2015)
PARENT COMPANY
COMPANY NAME
COUNTRY
ECONOMIC ACTIVITY
AIRBUS GROUP
AIRBUS OPERATIONS
Netherlands
machinery
LIDL DIENSTLEISTUNG
LIDL
Germany
Supermarkets
SAMSUNG ELECTRONICS
GROUP
SAMSUNG ELECTRONICS
FRANCE
South Korea
Wholesale (intercompany trade) of electronic
components
NOVARTIS AG
NOVARTIS PHARMA SAS
Switzerland
Wholesale (intercompany trade) of
pharmaceutical goods
ARCELORMITTAL
ARCELORMITTAL ATLANTIQUE
ET LORRAINE
Luxembourg
Manufacture of base iron and steel and of
ferro-alloys
GILEAD SCIENCES, INC.
GILEAD SCIENCES
United States
AB VOLVO
RENAULT TRUCKS
Sweden
EXXON MOBIL CORPORATION
EXXONMOBIL CHEMICAL
FRANCE
United States
FIAT S.P.A.
IVECO FRANCE
Italy
Sale of other motor vehicles
TECH DATA CORPORATION
TECH DATA FRANCE
United States
Wholesale (intercompany trade) of computers,
etc.
BAYER AG
BAYER SAS
Germany
Manufacture of pesticides and other
agrochemical products
KINGFISHER PLC
BRICO DEPOT
United Kingdom
Retail sale of hardware, paints and glass in
DIY superstores (400 sq. m. and more)
DEERE & COMPANY
JOHN DEERE SAS
United States
ALENIA AERONAUTICA
GIE AVIONS TRANSPORT
REGIONAL
Italy
machinery
TOYOTA MOTOR
CORPORATION
TOYOTA MOTOR
MANUFACTURING FRANCE
Japan
UNITED TECHNOLOGIES
CORPORATION
GOODRICH AEROSPACE
EUROPE
United States
machinery
ASTRAZENECA FRANCE
ASTRAZENECA
France
THE COCA-COLA COMPANY
COCA-COLA ENTREPRISE
United States
Production of soft drinks
TECHNISCHE GLASWERKE
ILMENAU GMBH
PHILIPS FRANCE
Germany
Installation of electrical equipment, electronic
and optical equipment or other equipment
CASTORAMA FRANCE
CASTORAMA FRANCE
United Kingdom
Retail sale of hardware, paints and glass in
DIY superstores (400 sq. m. and more)
They chose FRANCE as an export base
MBK Yamaha Motors
AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRY
MBK’s ultra-high-performance production facility in Saint-Quentin
(Nord-Pas de Calais-Picardie region) has consolidated its business and
is faring well, with revenues of over €150 million and nearly 90% of its
output produced for export. It not only manufactures scooters and
motorcycles, but also compliance-tests Yamaha quad bikes, making it
the Yamaha group’s most important plant in Europe.
The firm is growing and has plans to recruit around forty production
staff to add to its existing 600-strong workforce.
NTN CORPORATION
MACHINERY AND MECHANICAL EQUIPMENT
NTN Corporation is a Japanese group which manufactures and sells
mechanical bearing systems for use in the automotive sector, among
others. The group was founded in 1918 and is headquartered in Osaka,
Japan. It posted revenues of 701.9 billion yen (€5.5 billion) in 2014, and
had a global workforce of over 23,000 in 2015, with employees on
every continent.
NTN Corporation has a strong presence in France, with 4,000
employees across 11 sites, including seven production plants. It
operates via three entities: NTN Transmissions Europe, NTN-SNR
Roulements and SNR Cevennes. The firm’s most important French sites
include those in Annecy in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region
(European HQ, production and R&D) and Allonnes in Pays de la Loire
(sales, production and R&D).
The NTN group has invested in France on a number of occasions since
2011, creating a total of 360 jobs. In 2011, an R&D investment was made
in the Annecy site to develop new equipment to test bearings for wind
turbines and trains. The same site was the beneficiary of investment in
production in 2011 and logistics in 2013. Further investments in
production were made at the Saint Privat des Vieux and Ales sites
(Languedoc-Roussillon-Midi-Pyrénées region) in 2011, 2012 and 2015,
and at the Argonay and Crézancy sites (Nord-Pas de Calais-Picardie
region) in 2015.
China National Chemical Corporation
(ChemChina)
CHEMICALS, PLASTICS
ChemChina is the leading player in China’s chemicals industry and has
made a number of investments in France through its subsidiary
Adisseo, which specializes in producing additives and nutritional
solutions for animal feed.
Adisseo employs over 1,800 people globally. The company has around
2,600 clients and over 90% of its sales are for export.
Since 2010, Adisseo has invested regularly in the Auvergne-RhôneAlpes region, expanding its methionine production facilities in
Roussillon and Saint-Clair-du-Rhône, and establishing a new research
center in Saint-Fons, creating a total of 50 jobs. Another project is
under way at its Commentry plant, involving the generation of steam
from wood chippings in partnership with Neoen,
Areva and the French Government Investment Fund
(CDC).
Adisseo’s revenues doubled in the space of six years,
exceeding €1.2 billion in 2014.
Merck KGaA
Merch KGaA is a German pharmaceuticals and
chemicals firm specializing in scientific and
technological work in the fields of healthcare, life
science and performance materials. The group, which
is made up of 146 companies spanning 65 countries,
employs around 40,000 people worldwide,
generating annual revenues of €11.3 billion.
Merck KGaA has been active in France since 1967 and
has nearly 3,000 employees in the country, spread
across 11 sites. The firm has operations in various
French regions, including Ile-de-France (Fontenaysous-Bois and Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines; Merck
Millipore), Alsace-Champagne-Ardenne-Lorraine (Molsheim and Dachstein; Merck Millipore),
Aquitaine-Limousin-Poitou-Charentes (Martillac;
Merck Millipore), Centre-Val de Loire (Pithiviers and
Semoy; Merck Millipore, Merck Serono), AuvergneRhône-Alpes (Lyon and Meyzieu; Merck Serono), and
Nord-Pas de Calais-Picardie (Calais; Merck Serono).
For several years, the Merck group’s two main French
subsidiaries have been investing in their French sites.
In 2011, Merck Serono made a major investment in
Martillac to develop processes for manufacturing
therapeutic proteins for preclinical and clinical trials,
creating around fifty jobs. In 2014, the firm confirmed
another modernizing investment in its Semoy site,
concerning the production of diabetes medication.
Merck Millipore, the Merck group’s biotechnologies
and life sciences arm, invested in R&D at its Molsheim
site in 2014, opening an innovation center
specializing in biotechnologies that created a total of
seventy jobs.
TRADE/INVESTMENT
PERFORMANCES
on the one hand, and investment decisions on
the other.
One of the key questions to answer is whether
the foreign-owned subsidiaries that invest the
most are also those that generate the highest
trade flows.
Below, we compare the distribution of foreign
subsidiaries in France that export (‘Export and
foreign-owned’), along with the distribution of
foreign subsidiaries in France that export and
invest (‘Export and invest’) with the baseline
distribution (‘Export’) of France’s 20,000
leading exporters.
Fontagné and Toubal (2010) demonstrate that
“companies located in France and belonging
to foreign groups are more efficient than
companies belonging to French groups, and
the latter are more efficient than independent
companies: they create more jobs, export more,
import more and are more profitable.”
These results are consistent with recent studies
based on theories of firm heterogeneity (Mélitz,
2003), which highlighted the importance of
productivity in foreign investment choices.
Helpman et al. (2004) show the central role
played by productivity in global sourcing
strategy. The most productive firms choose to
invest abroad, since they can afford the foreign
market entry fixed costs.
The results lead us to observe that foreign-owned
firms that export and that invested in 20092015 also register greater export performances.
Similar results are obtained for firms that import.
Consequently, the firms that invest the most in
France are also largely responsible for French
exports and imports.
THE MOST SUCCESSFUL
EXPORTERS ALSO MAKE
A LARGE NUMBER
OF INVESTMENTS.
A correlation can be established between the
export or import performances of foreign firms
Import
Export
Export and invest
Import and invest
Export and foreign-owned 0
Import and foreign-owned
5,000
10,000
15,000
20,000
Rank
Key: Foreign-owned firms that invested in France between 2009 and 2015
and which feature among France’s top 8,000 exporters; 50% of these firms are
ranked higher than 6,543rd.
0
5,000
10,000
15,000
20,000
Rank
Key: Foreign-owned firms that invested in France between 2009 and 2015
and which feature among France’s top 8,000 importers; 50% of these firms are
ranked higher than 2,999th.
INNOVATION AND
INVESTMENT ATTRACTIVENESS
92 RISING GROSS DOMESTIC EXPENDITURE ON R&D
98 INNOVATION POLICY IN FRANCE
Exemple illustration photo
entreprise, etc.
Photo: Alastair Miller
© Alastair Miller
CHAP. 6 / INNOVATION AND INVESTMENT ATTRACTIVENESS
RISING GROSS DOMESTIC
EXPENDITURE ON R&D
AS R&D GOES GLOBAL, COMPETITION BETWEEN
GOVERNMENTS TO ATTRACT INVESTMENT IS GROWING.
I
nnovation is a key factor in determining
economic growth and competitiveness.
In the wake of the global economic and
financial crisis, countries are turning to
science, technology and innovation to drive
growth. Research and development (R&D)
operations therefore assume importance in
enhancing the competitiveness of firms and
the attractiveness of different economies.
GERD IN FRANCE
ROSE BY 0.6%
billion), Germany (US$101 billion) and
South Korea (US$69 billion).
GERD rose 0.6% in France in 2013, less
quickly than in the United Kingdom (1.3%)
but ahead of Germany (-0.7%). Business
enterprise R&D expenditure (BERD) rose
0.8% in France, while falling in Germany
(-2.3%).
In 2013, R&D intensity (GERD/GDP ratio)
was 2.2% in France, higher than in the
EU-28 as a whole (1.9%).
Gross domestic expenditure on R&D
(GERD) in France was €55 billion (PPP)
in 2013, ranking France sixth in the world
after the United States (US$457 billion),
China (US$336 billion), Japan (US$160
FIG. 1 Gross domestic expenditure on R&D, Top 15 economies at constant PPP (US$ billion)
457
342
336
350
300
250
160
200
101
30
26
24
21
19
15
14
Canada
Australia*
Spain
Netherlands
Sweden
*Data 2011
EU-28
39
Italy
France
South Korea
Germany
Japan
China
United
States
Source: OECD
40
Taiwan
55
50
United
Kingdom
68
100
Russia
150
INNOVATION SPURRING
FRANCE’S INVESTMENT
ATTRACTIVENESS
R&D can play a central role in the
investment strategies of multinationals,
which have an incentive to establish and
pursue their innovation strategies in the
most R&D-friendly environments.
In the light of increasing fragmentation
or research operations, gaining greater
understanding of the intricacies in the
multinational development of R&D is
essential for public policy, with a view
to ensuring that French R&D can turn this
international environment to its advantage.
Competition has emerged between
different governments to attract the R&D
operations of multinational firms. José G.
(2008) asserts that “most governments
today view foreign multinationals as
major players in domestic innovation
systems, and catalysts enhancing global
value chains.” The central challenge is to
attract inward ‘gray matter’, particularly
knowledge that will be of most use to the
economy.
Firms choose to set up research centers
abroad in response to consumer trends.
Historically, the most important factor is
proximity to demand. These questions
have a significant impact on companies
choosing to relocate, which can have
direct consequences for real wages and
employment.
Our contribution to the literature1 in this
field is to analyze the factors determining
location choices for R&D operations in
Europe by studying the location choices
of 1,281 investment decisions from 2007
to 2012 using Business France Europe
Observatory data. R&D operations
account for 6% of inward investment by
multinational firms in Europe. American
investors were responsible for 43% of these
R&D projects, while European investors
(mostly from Germany, the United Kingdom
and France) accounted for 38%.
Econometric estimations highlight the
importance of market size, agglomeration
effects, and skilled labor pools in firm
location choices. State governance,
estimated by gross domestic R&D
expenditure and cultural proximity, also
brings its influence to bear on firm location
strategies, but to a lesser degree.
Turning R&D operations global may
also be a way to adjust output to local
demand through a horizontal investment.
Geographic proximity to a market leads
to greater understanding of local consumer
trends. The results of our study, examining
the phenomena of co-location of
manufacturing operations and innovation
at firm level, indicate a measure of
interdependence between location choices
for manufacturing facilities and firm-level
innovation as part of a strategy aiming to
restrict co-ordination and transaction costs.
R&D GOING GLOBAL
OECD publications in particular highlight
the escalating globalization of research,
which is primarily reflected in the increasing
mobility of researchers, the doubling in
the number of foreign students in OECD
countries, and the rise of emerging
economies (India and China) in innovative
fields. While the international relocation of
manufacturing operations has been much
documented, the relocation of R&D centers
and high value-added activities is a more
recent phenomenon. Since the second
half of the 1990s, foreign investment has
assumed a rising share in the research
budgets of most developed economies.
Montout S, Sami M. Determinants for locating research and
development activity in Europe. International Economics (2015).
1
THOMSON REUTERS TOP 100 GLOBAL
INNOVATORS 2015
Every year since 2011, the Thomson Reuters Top 100 Global Innovators identifies
companies and institutions around the globe whose active patenting policies put them at
the heart of innovation.
The report examines the number of patents filed, their success rate (ratio of published
applications to granted patents), international scope (protection by the patent authorities
in China, Europe, Japan, and the United States) and influence (how often a firm’s patents
are cited by other companies).
France remains in third place, and first place in Europe, in the Top 100 Global
Innovators. Ten French organizations are among the 100 leading global innovators
in 2015, including three new entrants (Alstom, Valeo and Thales), three research centers
(CNRS, CEA and IFP Energies Nouvelles) and seven companies (Alcatel-Lucent, Alstom,
Arkema, Safran, Saint-Gobain, Thales and Valeo). Germany and Switzerland make up the
podium in Europe, with four and three organizations represented in the Top 100.
2015 ANNUAL REPORT- BUSINESS FRANCE / 93
They chose
This is reflected by the rise in R&D
expenditure among foreign companies
located in France, up from 19% of business
enterprise R&D expenditure in 1995 to
22% in 2008 and 28% in 2013.
FRANCE
Sysmex
Corporation
PHARMACEUTICALS AND
BIOTECHNOLOGIES
Founded in 1968, Japanese biotech
specialist Sysmex Corporation has a
strong global footprint. It set up its first
base in France in Villepinte (Ile de
France / Paris region) in 2000, and in
2011 took over Hyphen BioMed in
Neuville-sur-Oise (also Ile de France),
an innovative company offering a
comprehensive range of diagnostic kits
and research reagents.
In 2015, Sysmex decided to invest in
Hyphen Biomed’s development,
creating around ten R&D positions and
twenty production jobs over the next
three years.
The internationalization of R&D activities
is an integral part of the strategy of
multinational firms, and as such is heavily
dependent on their economic activity
and business sector. Most surveys identify
three forms of research center: product
adaptation centers, global innovation
centers and rationalization centers (driven
by a desire to cut costs). As such, large
groups organize their R&D activities
internationally in complex ways, with the
various centers distributed so as to align the
characteristics of each subsidiary with the
benefits offered by each location.
The number of R&D and engineering center
investment projects is rising steadily, with
a total of 87 new R&D investment projects
creating 1,700 jobs. Research and
development and engineering activities
accounted for nine percent of all investment
decisions in 2015, generating five percent
of all associated jobs created in France.
The number of newly established research
and development centers remained high
in 2015, with 70 investment decisions
recorded during the year.
European companies generate more than
half of all foreign investment projects in
research and development centers. Nearly
one-quarter of all R&D investment projects
in France in 2015 were initiated in the
United States, followed by Italy (14%) and
Germany (13%). Japan and China were
the leading Asian investors, accounting
for five percent of all R&D investments in
France.
CHANGE IN THE NUMBER OF R&D CENTERS IN FRANCE (2005-2015)
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
Growth
2005-2015
Growth
2011-2015
57
42
45
23
51
73
51
58
77
91
87
4%
14%
Engineering, design
32
15
20
2
9
22
11
13
26
19
17
-6%
11%
R&D
25
27
25
21
42
51
40
45
51
72
70
10%
15%
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
Growth
2005-2015
Growth
2011-2015
0%
4%
-13%
-7%
8%
6%
Projects
Jobs
R&D, engineering, design 1,645 1,958 1,508
804
Engineering, design
986
904
570
84
R&D
659
1,054
938
720
Source: Business France 2015 Annual Report
1,811 2,266 1,456 2,143 1,942 1,662 1,706
166
626
283
586
632
441
215
1,645 1,640 1,173 1,557 1,310 1,221 1,491
They chose
FRANCE
Anaplan Inc.
Founded in 2007, California company
Anaplan has established a cloud-based
collaboration and data-sharing
platform that has transformed the way
in which companies plan and monitor
their business. The platform handles
functions such as finance, marketing,
sales, production and human
resources. Data storage, calculation
rules and result generation are
managed by the company’s innovative
calculation engine, HyperBlock.
Anaplan has been active in France
since 2013, and by 2014 it had already
registered four-digit growth.
In 2015, the cloud-based enterprise
planning specialist chose Paris as the
location for its second European R&D
center, the first having been set up in
York, United Kingdom. The new French
office will focus on developing the
collaborative dimension of Anaplan
tools (workflow, chat, project
management, etc.) and will create
around twenty jobs in Paris.
Ecocem Ireland
Ltd.
CONSTRUCTION, BUILDING MATERIALS
Founded in 2000, Irish company
Ecocem, which manufactures
environmentally friendly cement for
sustainable building, is growing its
business in France. Having operated a
French headquarters in Aix-enProvence since 2007, the firm decided
to set up an R&D team at its Fos-surMer facility in the same region
(Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur). The new
team will be tasked with developing a
green cement capable of meeting
French regulatory requirements, which
are more stringent than those in other
countries in which the company does
business, such as Ireland, the
Netherlands and Germany.
Ecocem’s operations in France focus
on sustainable development and
industrial ecology, including the use of
ground granulated blast-furnace slag
Robert Bosch
GmbH
(GGBS), a by-product of iron- and
steel-making, to produce building
materials. The research programs will
be eligible for France’s research tax
credit.
The investment will create four jobs,
taking the site’s total workforce to 24.
AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRY
Jiangsu Longliqi
Bioscience
PERFUMES, COSMETICS
Chinese company Jiangsu Longliqi
Bioscience, a manufacturer of organic
products and exporter of cosmetics to
several international markets, is
growing fast in its home country. It
produces over a thousand products
spanning eight categories, including
household care, cosmetics, healthcare,
furniture, real estate and logistics.
The company set up an R&D center in
La Rochelle (Aquitaine-LimousinPoitou-Charentes region) in 2012. It
would now like to expand its
operations in France further by
opening a sales office to promote its
brand, as well as a research laboratory
to adapt its products to the needs of
European customers.
To this end, the firm chose to establish
a base in Issy-les-Moulineaux (Ile de
France), in a €12 million investment
that will create around ten jobs. It also
intends to launch a new cosmetics
brand in partnership with a French
company.
Bosch France is launching new research
and development operations in Sophia
Antipolis (Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur
region). Operating under the name Bosch
VisionTec, the new facility will focus
entirely on self-driving vehicles.
“Sophia Antipolis is a particularly favorable
ecosystem for R&D in the electronics field.
I’m proud to say that we easily found all
the skills we needed here in France to
carry out our research into electronic
assistance systems for the autonomous
vehicle program,” said Guy Maugis,
President of Bosch France.
An algorithm to analyze driving
situations
Some 30 engineers have been recruited
in France to work in the new center. They
will undertake research on driver
assistance systems and, more specifically,
self-driving cars, with the aim of
underpinning Bosch’s operations in this
field.
“The main challenge for autonomous
vehicles is just that: to make them work
independently of their driver and enable
them to take the right decisions in their
place. Bosch is working on the design of
cameras and systems that will constantly
carry out real-time calculations of the
actions and reactions required, in order to
handle a full variety of driving situations,”
said Pierre Maillot, Director of Business
Development, Bosch France.
An R&D center for the whole world
Though located in France, the new Bosch
R&D center will provide high value-added
services to vehicle makers worldwide,
with innovative component design
solutions and unparalleled computing
power.
They chose
FRANCE
JFrog
INTEL
Corporation
SOFTWARE AND IT
ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS
SERVICES
American IT giant Intel Corporation is
expanding in France. The firm began to
establish research and development
operations in France in 2009. Six years
later, it opened its seventh French R&D
center. Spanning 730 sq. m., the new
facility is based in the Arteparc
Bachasson business park in Meyreuil
(Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur region)
and its responsibilities will include
developing embedded memory cards.
The investment will create around ten
jobs. The engineers recruited will be
tasked with incorporating NFC
technologies in ultra-mobile hardware
and connected devices in a way that
ensures security, reliability and ease of
use.
Israeli-American firm JFrog, a leading
provider of specialist tools and
technologies for optimizing productivity
in the software development cycle, chose
to establish its European headquarters in
Toulouse (Languedoc-Roussillon-MidiPyrénées region).
“As the first and only supplier of a
comprehensive solution ranging from
development to distribution, our decision
to establish an official base in Europe is a
step towards achieving JFrog’s ambition
of becoming the continuous delivery
platform for all software publishers
worldwide,” said Arnaud Ladrière,
Executive Director for Europe and head of
the Toulouse site.
JFrog is a major player in open-source,
on-premises software and SaaS, which
numbers Amazon, Cisco, Nike, Oracle,
Twitter, and Standard & Poor’s among its
international clients. Its French customers
include Sanofi, Société Générale, Système
U, Airbus Helicopters, PSA, Covea and
SAP France.
The new Toulouse office will enable
JFrog to continue its international
development and bring it closer to its
European customers. The company is
also a member of regional digital cluster
Digital Place.
FIG. 2 Leading R&D investors in France (2015)
United States
24 %
Italy
14 %
Germany
13 %
Canada
9%
Switzerland
8%
Japan
5%
China
5%
Belgium
5%
Netherlands
3%
Sweden
2%
United Kingdom
2%
Ireland
2%
South Korea
2%
New Zealand
1%
Norway
1%
Finland
1%
Spain
1%
Argentina
1%
0
Source : Business France 2015 Annual Report
5
10
15
20
25
They chose
R&D investment projects were made
throughout France’s regions. At the same
time, the geographical distribution of
projects is testament to the allure of large
cities and the fact that the presence of
foreign companies frequently draws new
foreign investment to the same area. The
leading regions for these investments
were Ile de France (Paris region) (31%),
(13%), Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes (10%), and
Provence-Alpes Côte d’Azur (8%).
FRANCE
NGK Spark Plug Co.,
Ltd.
AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRY
Japanese spark plug specialist NGK Spark
Plugs is investing €4.5 million in its sole
European production facility in Meung-surLoire (Centre-Val de Loire region). The French
plant produced 39 million spark plugs in 2014,
compared with 24 million the previous year.
2015 saw output rise further, as the plant
produced its 500-millionth plug. The
investment is funding the creation of a new
production line for multi-electrode spark
plugs, and will eventually create
approximately thirty new jobs at a site that
already has around a hundred employees.
Altitude Aerospace
AEROSPACE
FIG. 3 Regional breakdown of foreign R&D investment projects (2015)
6
6
2
31
6
7
2
2
10
7
8
13
Founded in 2005, Altitude Aerospace is a
Canadian SME specializing in design, structural
analysis and certification in the aerospace sector.
At the 2015 Paris Air Show, the firm, which already
has a number of French employees at its Montreal
headquarters, announced its decision to open its
first office outside of Canada in Toulouse
(Languedoc-Roussillon-Midi-Pyrénées region).
Altitude Aerospace’s new French office will enable
the company to seize more business opportunities
in Europe, where it was already active, as well as
developing its operations in the Middle East. The
Toulouse site is expected to create around twenty
value-added jobs over the next three years, mainly
for engineers and designers to support the firm’s
business activities, which include adapting
existing aircraft and repairing damaged planes.
These new positions come in addition to the 50
employees currently working at the company’s
head office.
On August 31, 2015, shortly after the move to
Toulouse was confirmed, the company joined the
Aerospace Valley innovation cluster.
This investment was initially detected by
Business France’s export division, before being
passed on to the Canadian office of its
Investment arm.
Share (%)
30
10-15
5-9
< 1
INNOVATION POLICY IN FRANCE
INNOVATION POLICY IN FRANCE USES TAX INCENTIVES
AND BUSINESS PROMOTION MEASURES TO PROVIDE FIRM
BACKING FOR INNOVATIVE NEW BUSINESSES
FRANCE’S RESEARCH
TAX CREDIT: A TAX
INCENTIVE SCHEME TO
SUPPORT RESEARCH
France’s research tax credit, the introduction
of “innovative new company” status, the
“Industry of the Future” initiative and “La
French Tech” all form part of the French
government’s innovation policy based
around the creation and development of
innovative new companies.
less than eight years old and devote at
least 15% of their total spending to R&D.
These tax breaks, some of which had
been scaled back in 2011 (the exemption
from social security contributions used to
decrease gradually as of the fourth year),
were restored in 2014.
France’s research tax credit is a tax
incentive scheme to support research. It
allows companies of any size and from
any sector to deduct a portion of their
total R&D investment from their corporate
tax bill. Under this scheme, companies
can qualify for a tax credit equivalent to
30% of their eligible R&D expenditure
up to €100 million, and 5% above this
threshold. In 2013, the research tax credit
was supplemented by an “innovation tax
credit”, designed to help innovative firms.
This allows companies to reduce the cost
of innovation expenditure by 20%, up to
a maximum of €400,000. Expenditure
on technological and non-technological
innovation is eligible for the innovation tax
credit, including expenditure on design,
prototyping, new products and pilot
versions of new products.
The 2014 French Government Budget Act
provides for new exemptions to facilitate
growth among innovative new companies:
The “innovative new company” (jeune
entreprise innovante – JEI) status, introduced
in 2004, offers certain tax advantages
(such as partial exemption from corporate
tax and capital gains tax, and complete
exemption from certain employer social
security contributions) to SMEs that are
• 100% exemption from employer social
security contributions for eight years
(compared with the previous sliding
exemption: 100% for three years, then
80%, and finally 50% after seven years).
• Extension of the exemption from paying
employer contributions to include personnel
assigned to innovation activities (in relation
to the design of prototype and pilot versions
of new products).
Very high speed internet plan Since 2013, the French government has
been steadily implementing the Very High
Speed Internet Plan to ensure nationwide
very high speed coverage by 2022, and
50% of households as soon as 2017, via
a mass roll-out of fiber-optic technology.
Local authorities and telecoms firms are to
invest €20 billion over 10 years.
Second phase of the “New Face of Industry
in France”: “Industry of the Future”
This initiative seeks to encourage businesses
to modernize their industrial capability and
transform their business model through the
use of digital technology in five ways.
• Developing technology capabilities to
underpin major projects:
- Initial call for Industry of the Future
technology projects (September 2015)
- Setting up an Industry of the Future
technology platform for manufacturers to
test out and approve cutting-edge robotic
and digital production technology, starting
in 2016
• Supporting SMEs and mid-tier
manufacturers making the transition towards
the Industry of the Future through financial
support and individual appraisals. The
needs of more than 500 such businesses
had been assessed by late 2015, and
more than 2,000 will have been so by
the end of 2016.
• Training employees with new skills for
new professions, with an Industry of the
Future academic chair created in late
2015.
businesses with great potential for growth
and job creation falls under the umbrella of
the “National Investment Program”.
The “La French Tech” initiative has two
branches:
• The aim of the first branch is to
accelerate the development of startups in
France and build a nationwide network
bringing together stakeholders in Paris with
those in France’s regions. A major first step
was completed on November 12, 2014
with the accreditation of nine “French
Tech cities”: Aix-Marseille, Bordeaux,
Grenoble, Lille, Lyon, Montpellier, Nantes,
Rennes and Toulouse. This branch includes
€200 million of investment in private sector
initiatives (“acceleration programs”) to help
digital companies grow faster and succeed
internationally.
• The second branch has an international
focus. Its aim is to foster the internationalization
of these fledgling companies and promote
the attractiveness of France’s innovation
ecosystem among foreign innovation
influencers (investment funds, major
corporations, startups, etc.). In this regard,
€15 million has been made available to
support fab labs and attract foreign talent,
entrepreneurs and investors. French Tech
Tickets have also been introduced. This is a
bespoke support package to attract young
entrepreneurs to France by providing a
welcome pack (residence permit, individual
grant, accommodation, and customized
advice) to help them set up and expand
their business.
French Tech Hubs
“French Tech Hubs” are intended to give
form and impetus to stakeholders in a given
ecosystem within a major foreign city, and
to join up action by private- and publicsector partners (including foreign embassies,
Business France, regional authorities and
chambers of commerce) within a given
geographical area.
The 11 accredited “French Tech Hubs” to
date can be found in: Abidjan, Barcelona,
Cape Town, Hong Kong, Israel, London,
Montreal, Moscow, New York, San
Francisco, and Tokyo.
• Closer cooperation in Europe
and internationally to forge strategic
partnerships, particularly with Germany:
- Partnership launched with German
platform “Industrie 4.0” in late 2015.
- French strategy for Industry of the Future
standards being published in early 2016. • Promoting Industry of the Future to
showcase French expertise:
- Official launch of shared identity for
French Industry of the Future by late 2015.
- Major European Industry of the Future
event to be held in Paris in summer 2016.
“La French Tech” is a major initiative
intended to stimulate France’s most
vibrant regional ecosystems and support
the growth of their startups and digital
companies. The funding it provides to
DELOITTE TECHNOLOGY FAST 500 EMEA
Published for the fifteenth consecutive year in 2015, the Deloitte Technology Fast 500 EMEA
ranks the best-performing technology companies across Europe, Africa and the Middle East.
To be eligible for inclusion in the Technology Fast 500 EMEA, a company must:
- Develop or own proprietary technology, or manufacture a technology-related product,
or devote a high percentage of its revenues to R&D.
- Have headquarters in France and not be more than 50% controlled by another company.
- Have been in business for a minimum of four tax years.
- Have operating revenues of at least €50,000 in the 2009 tax year.
Companies are ranked on a single criterion: their percentage revenue growth over a five-year
period.
With 87 companies in 2015, France outstripped its European counterparts, leading the
way ahead of the United Kingdom (72 companies), Norway (50), and the Netherlands (49).
The top 10 French companies in the Technology Fast 500 were Slimpay, Mailjet, Crosscall,
OBIZ, Grupe PIXEO, PIXIEL, Content Square, Avenir Développement Durable, MHCOMM and
iAdvise.
The software industry was the best represented sector, accounting for 52% of
companies, followed by media (18%), communications (10%), hardware (10%), life sciences (6)
and clean technology (4%).
SOURCE COUNTRY OVERVIEW
ASEAN COUNTRIES
102
AUSTRALIA104
AUSTRIA106
BELGIUM108
BRAZIL111
CANADA113
CHINA115
DENMARK118
FINLAND120
GCC COUNTRIES
122
© Shutterstock.com
GERMANY124
INDIA127
IRELAND129
ISRAEL131
ITALY133
JAPAN136
MAGHREB COUNTRIES 139
NETHERLANDS141
NORWAY143
POLAND145
PORTUGAL147
RUSSIA149
SOUTH AFRICA
151
SOUTH KOREA
153
SPAIN155
SWEDEN158
SWITZERLAND161
TURKEY164
UNITED KINGDOM
166
UNITED STATES
169
CHAP. 7 / SOURCE COUNTRY OVERVIEW
ASEAN COUNTRIES
FLOW
2
PROJECTS
(Business France)
14
JOBS
(Business France)
STOCK
140
COMPANIES
IN FRANCE
(Orbis)
BUSINESS FRANCE HAS RECORDED EIGHT INVESTMENTS
FROM ASEAN COUNTRIES IN FRANCE SINCE 2014.
ASEAN COMPANIES IN FRANCE
There are around 140 companies from ASEAN
member countries operating in France, where
they employ more than 4,000 people.
Two new investments from Thailand
and Malaysia were confirmed in 2015,
creating or maintaining 14 jobs.
Since 2014, investments from ASEAN countries
have mainly been in decision-making centers,
most of which were first-time investments, and
production/manufacturing operations.
ASEAN firms investing in France have mostly
hailed from the agri-food sector (63% in 20142015), while investments in 2015 were split
between two regions, Bretagne (Brittany)
and Midi-Pyrénées-Languedoc-Roussillon.
More than
FRANCE AS A RECIPIENT
OF ASEAN INVESTMENT
IN EUROPE
(Orbis)
In 2015, the United Kingdom was the leading
recipient of job-creating investment from
ASEAN member countries, attracting 57%
of ASEAN projects in Europe, followed by
Norway (14%) and Portugal (14%).1
4,000
EMPLOYEES
FDI STOCK IN FRANCE:
€2.2
billion
SELECTED INVESTMENT
PROJECTS IN 2015
SEA VALUE: Thai group Sea Value plc, a global
tuna fishing leader, took over ailing French
firm Atlantic Gourmet in Lignol (Bretagne/
Brittany region) in a strategic move creating its
first non-Asian industrial base, safeguarding
12 jobs. The group plans to invest €2 million
to upgrade and expand production lines,
thereby doubling capacity at the site.
BUTTERWORTH ICEWORKS SDN BHD: Malaysian
subsidiary Pacific West, which produces and
markets frozen seafood products for retail
or restaurant sale, expanded its production
facility in Lectoure (Midi-Pyrénées-LanguedocRoussillon region), creating two further jobs.
PUBLIC UTILITIES BOARD: The Singapore water
authority signed a technology partnership with the
world-class Eau innovation cluster (Midi-PyrénéesLanguedoc-Roussillon and Provence-Alpes-Côte
d’Azur regions) to run collaborative industryacademia innovation projects to expand water
management ecosystems in France and Singapore.
1
Business France Europe Observatory.
(Banque de France*)
FRENCH EXPORTS:
€13.3 billion
(Customs Authorities)
NUMBER OF
COMPANIES
IN THE FORBES 2000:
64
TOP 5 ASEAN COMPANIES BY EMPLOYMENT IN FRANCE
Parent company
Main business sector
Workforce in France
CAPITALAND LTD.
(CITADINES) (Singapore)
Other services
600-700
PTT GLOBAL CHEMICAL
(VENCOREX) (Thailand)
Chemicals, plastics
600-700
PT SINAR MAS GROUP
(Indonesia)
600-700
PA HOLDING LTD.
(PLAZA ATHENEE) (Malaysia)
500-600
THAI UNION FROZEN
PRODUCTS PLC (Thailand)
300-400
*FDI stock in France (ultimate investor) as of December 31, 2013 (data updated in 2015). Data for 2014
will be published by the Banque de France in July 2016. FDI stock in France (immediate investor) as of
December 31, 2014 was €613 million.
102 / 2015 ANNUAL REPORT – BUSINESS FRANCE
2014
Business activity
2015
Projects
Jobs
4
47
First-time investments
3
32
Global / European
headquarters
1
15
2
6
TOTAL
Projects
Jobs
28
2
14
75
2
14
2014
Business sector
2015
Projects
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
3
38
2
14
Other services
1
20
1
15
1
2
6
75
2
14
TOTAL
DISTRIBUTION OF PROJECTS BY HOST REGION
2014
Host region
Projects
2015
Jobs
Bretagne (Brittany)
Midi-Pyrénées-Languedoc-Roussillon
1
4
3
45
Alsace-Champagne-ArdenneLorraine
1
24
1
2
6
75
TOTAL
Projects
Jobs
1
12
1
2
2
14
2015 ANNUAL REPORT – BUSINESS FRANCE / 103
AUSTRALIA
BUSINESS FRANCE RECORDED FOUR INVESTMENTS
BY AUSTRALIAN COMPANIES IN FRANCE IN 2015.
FLOW
4
PROJECTS
(Business France)
23
JOBS
(Business France)
STOCK
300
COMPANIES
IN FRANCE
(Orbis)
AUSTRALIAN COMPANIES
IN FRANCE
SELECTED INVESTMENT
PROJECTS IN 2015
There are around 300 Australian companies
operating in France, where they employ
40,000 people.
Four new Australian investments were made in
France in 2015, creating or safeguarding 23 jobs.
For the most part, these investments were in
decision-making centers (75%), corresponding to
first-time investments by Australian companies in
France, and consumer services (25%), and were
made by companies from the financial services,
banking and insurance sector (50%) in particular.
Australian firms invested and set up business in Ile
de France (Paris region) (50%), Aquitaine-LimousinPoitou-Charentes (25%) and Bourgogne-FrancheComté (25%).
ANZ BANK: The largest international bank
in Australia, ANZ, recently opened its first
branch in France, aiming squarely at a
business clientele in the investment banking
sector, with a view to supporting customers
expanding in France and the Asia-Pacific region.
Twelve new jobs were created in Paris (Ile de
France region), with others due to follow.
Insurance firm QBE
opened a new regional office in Bordeaux
(Aquitaine-Limousin-Poitou-Charentes
region) to offer better support to clients and
broker partners across a broad area of
south-west France, creating five jobs.
QBE INSURANCE GROUP:
1
More than
40,000
EMPLOYEES
(Orbis)
€1.8
billion
AUSTRALIAN INVESTMENTS
IN EUROPE
In 2015, the United Kingdom was the
leading recipient of job-creating investment
from Australia, attracting 57% of Australian
projects in Europe, followed by Ireland
(13%), while France attracted 7%.1
20TH PLACE
(Banque de France*)
FRENCH EXPORTS:
€2.4 billion
36TH PLACE
NUMBER OF
COMPANIES
IN THE FORBES 2000:
34
TOP 5 AUSTRALIAN COMPANIES BY EMPLOYMENT
IN FRANCE
Parent company
Workforce in France
RAMSAY HEALTH CARE LTD.
Other services
20,000-25,000
AMCOR LTD.
Chemicals, plastics
2,000-2,500
BRAMBLES LTD.
Transport, storage
500-600
CHALLENGER INFRASTRUCTURE
FUND
250-300
NUFARM LTD.
Chemicals, plastics
100-150
*FDI stock in France (ultimate investor) as of December 31, 2013 (data updated in 2015).
Data for 2014 will be published by the Banque de France in July 2016. FDI stock in France
(immediate investor) as of December 31, 2014 was €467 million.
Number
Business activity
National share
Total share*
Projects
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
3
18
75%
78%
1%
0%
3
18
75%
78%
2%
1%
1
5
25%
22%
1%
0%
4
23
100%
100%
0%
0%
Consumer services
TOTAL
Key:
>>In 2015, 75% of Australian
investments in France were
in decision-making centers;
1% of foreign investments in
decision-making centers were
made by Australian companies.
*Share of Australian investments in the total number of investments in each business activity.
Number
Business sector
National share
Total share*
Projects
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
2
17
50%
74%
10%
4%
Other services
1
5
25%
22%
2%
1%
1
1
25%
4%
2%
0%
4
23
100%
100%
0%
0%
TOTAL
*Share of Australian investments in the total number of investments in each business sector.
Key:
investments in France were in
the financial services, banking
and insurance sector; 10% of
foreign investments in the
financial services, banking and
insurance sector were made by
Australian companies.
Number
National share
Total share*
Projects
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
2
17
50%
74%
1%
0%
1
5
25%
22%
2%
1%
Total
1
1
25%
4%
3%
0%
4
23
100%
100%
0%
0%
TOTAL
Key:
in Ile de France (Paris region);
were made by Australian
companies.
*Share of Australian investments in the total number of investments in each region.
AUSTRIA
AUSTRIAN INVESTMENTS IN FRANCE WERE BUOYANT
IN 2015.
FLOW
19
PROJECTS
(Business France)
595
JOBS
(Business France)
STOCK
More than
220
COMPANIES
IN FRANCE
AUSTRIAN COMPANIES
IN FRANCE
SELECTED INVESTMENT
PROJECTS IN 2015
There are over 220 Austrian companies
more than 10,500 people.
Nineteen new investments from Austria
were recorded in 2015, creating or
maintaining nearly 600 jobs.
Austrian companies invested primarily in
production/manufacturing operations (42%)
and decision-making centers (26%).
Nearly one-third of Austrian investments in
France were made in the glass/ceramics/
minerals/wood/paper (16%) and machinery/
mechanical equipment (16%) sectors.
More than half of all Austrian investments were
located in Ile de France (Paris region) (32%) and
Alsace-Champagne-Ardenne-Lorraine (26%).
ANDRITZ AG: This company’s pulp and paper
division, which is a global leader in industrial
plants and services in the sector, decided to
take over filtration media specialist Euroslot,
based in Scorbe-Clairvaux (Aquitaine-LimousinPoitou-Charentes region), saving 80 jobs
and recruiting five additional employees.
(Orbis)
More than
10,500
EMPLOYEES
(Orbis)
€3.2
billion
14TH PLACE
(Banque de France*)
FRENCH EXPORTS:
€3.5 billion
26TH PLACE
NUMBER OF
COMPANIES
IN THE FORBES 2000:
7
OF AUSTRIAN INVESTMENT
IN EUROPE
In 2015, France was the joint second largest
recipient of job-creating foreign investment from
Austria, along with the United Kingdom, Poland
and Bulgaria, attracting 9% of Austrian projects
in Europe, preceded by Germany (22%).1
GETZNER WERKSTOFFE GMBH: This leader in
vibration isolation in rail, construction and
industry decided to found its first French
subsidiary in Lyon (Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes
region), creating 10 jobs. The move is in
response to rising demand in France and
Getzner’s desire to move closer to its clients.
DO & CO: After winning the catering tender
for Euro 2016, Do & Co announced it would
be opening a new Hédiard production
facility in Argenteuil (Ile de France / Paris
region). A hundred jobs will be created
initially following a €30 million investment,
before further planned expansion.
1
TOP 5 AUSTRIAN COMPANIES BY EMPLOYMENT
IN FRANCE
Parent company
Workforce in France
MAGNA EUROPE AG
Automotive industry
1,000
OMV (BOREALIS AG)*
Chemicals, plastics
900-1,000
WIENERBERGER AG
800-900
FRITZ EGGER GMBH & CO
800-900
ANDRITZ AG
600-700
*Borealis is 64% owned by The International Petroleum Investment Company
(United Arab Emirates) and 36% by OMV (Austria).
(immediate investor) as of December 31, 2014 was €1.1 billion.
Number
Business activity
National share
Total share*
Projects
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
5
52
26%
9%
2%
1%
5
52
26%
9%
3%
4%
Retail outlets
1
10
5%
2%
1%
0%
8
436
42%
73%
3%
3%
Business services
4
37
21%
6%
2%
1%
Consumer services
1
60
5%
10%
1%
2%
19
595
100%
100%
2%
2%
TOTAL
Key:
>>In 2015, 42% of Austrian
in production/manufacturing;
production/manufacturing were
made by Austrian companies.
*Share of Austrian investments in the total number of investments in each business sector.
Number
Business sector
National share
Total share*
Projects
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
3
225
16%
38%
9%
4%
3
25
16%
4%
6%
3%
Chemicals, plastics
2
86
11%
14%
5%
11%
2
20
11%
3%
7%
4%
1
100
5%
17%
2%
6%
1
60
5%
10%
4%
5%
1
20
5%
3%
2%
3%
Consulting, engineering
and business services
1
12
5%
2%
2%
1%
1
10
5%
2%
11%
5%
Automotive industry
1
10
5%
2%
2%
0%
1
10
5%
2%
1%
0%
1
10
5%
2%
20%
20%
1
7
5%
1%
2%
1%
19
595
100%
100%
2%
2%
TOTAL
Key:
the glass, ceramics, minerals,
wood, paper sector; 9% of
foreign investments in the glass,
ceramics, minerals, wood, paper
sector were made by Austrian
companies.
*Share of Austrian investments in the total number of investments in each business sector.
Number
Host region
Normandie
TOTAL
National share
Total share*
Projects
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
6
5
3
2
2
1
210
58
27
275
15
10
32%
26%
16%
11%
11%
5%
35%
10%
5%
46%
3%
2%
2%
5%
2%
6%
4%
2%
2%
2%
1%
21%
2%
1%
19
595
100%
100%
2%
2%
Key:
Ile de France (Paris region); 2%
of foreign investments in Ile de
France (Paris region) were made
by Austrian companies.
*Share of Austrian investments in the total number of investments in each region.
BELGIUM
FLOW
48
PROJECTS
(Business France)
2,459
JOBS
(Business France)
STOCK
4,100
COMPANIES
IN FRANCE
(Orbis)
More than
130,000
EMPLOYEES
(Orbis)
€38.4
billion
BELGIUM WAS THE FOURTH LEADING EUROPEAN INVESTOR
IN FRANCE IN 2015, ACCOUNTING FOR 5% OF FOREIGN
INVESTMENTS RECEIVED.
BELGIAN COMPANIES IN FRANCE
There are over 4,000 Belgian companies
Forty-eight new investments from Belgium
were recorded in 2015, creating
or maintaining 2,459 jobs.
Belgian investments in France were made primarily
in production/manufacturing operations (42%) and
decision-making centers (21%), the vast majority
of which were first-time investments in France.
Belgian firms operating in the chemicals/plastics and
software/IT services sectors accounted for 14% and
12%, respectively, of foreign projects in these sectors.
Border region Nord-Pas de Calais-Picardie received
12% of all Belgian investment in France.
OF BELGIAN INVESTMENT
IN EUROPE
In 2015, France was the leading recipient
of job-creating investment from Belgium,
attracting 29% of Belgian projects in Europe,
followed by Germany, the United Kingdom,
the Netherlands and Poland (all 9%).
SELECTED INVESTMENT
PROJECTS IN 2015
TESSENDERLO CHEMIE: Tessenderlo Kerley
International, an international specialty group
providing solutions in food, agriculture, water
management and efficient use/re-use of natural
resources, announced it would be building a liquid
fertilizer manufacturing facility at the Borealis
Grand-Quevilly facility (Normandie). This €18
million investment comes on the back of rising
demand in Europe for sulfur-based liquid fertilizers
that limit nitrogen losses, and is due to create
around 30 jobs. It represents a strategic move for
Tessenderlo Kerley, which has been importing
fertilizers from the United States for several years
to fulfil orders for its European customers.
ONTEX: Diaper manufacturer Ontex decided
to consolidate operations from its two French
plants in Wasquehal and Monchy-le-Preux at
a new site in Dourges (all Nord-Pas de CalaisPicardie region), where it is building a new €40
million, 30,000 sq. m. plant, due to open in June
2016 before going online in September. All 333
jobs at the two sites have been maintained.
1
6TH PLACE
(Banque de France*)
FRENCH EXPORTS:
€30.4 billion
TOP 5 BELGIAN COMPANIES BY EMPLOYMENT
IN FRANCE
Parent company
Workforce in France
LOUIS DELHAIZE-COMPAGNIE FRANCOBELGE D’ALIMENTATION (TRUFFAUT)
10,000-15,000
SOLVAY SA
Commerce and retail
6,500-7,000
ECONOCOM
6,000-7,000
GB-INNO-BM G.I.B.
4,500-5,000
D’IETEREN NV/SA (Carglass)
Automotive industry
2,500-3,000
6TH PLACE
NUMBER OF
COMPANIES
IN THE FORBES 2000:
10
Number
Business activity
Projects
National share
Total share*
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
10
66
21%
3%
5%
2%
9
56
19%
2%
6%
4%
French Headquarters
1
10
2%
0%
4%
0%
1
20
2%
1%
2%
2%
20
568
42%
23%
7%
4%
4
14
8%
1%
5%
1%
3
9
6%
0%
4%
1%
8
1,683
17%
68%
4%
29%
Logistics
R&D
Business services
Consumer services
TOTAL
5
108
10%
4%
7%
4%
48
2,459
100%
100%
5%
7%
Key:
>>In 2015, 42% of Belgian
made by Belgian companies.
*Share of Belgian investments in the total number of investments in each business activity.
Number
Business sector
National share
Total share*
Projects
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
14
1,610
29%
65%
12%
38%
6
113
13%
5%
11%
7%
Chemicals, plastics
5
72
10%
3%
14%
9%
Other services
3
107
6%
4%
7%
13%
Automotive industry
2
147
4%
6%
4%
6%
2
125
4%
5%
3%
10%
2
55
4%
2%
7%
10%
Textiles, industrial textiles, clothing and
accessories
2
38
4%
2%
3%
3%
2
30
4%
1%
4%
3%
2
9
4%
0%
10%
2%
1
93
2%
4%
2%
9%
Transport, storage
1
20
2%
1%
2%
1%
1
16
2%
1%
3%
2%
1
10
2%
0%
3%
1%
1
8
2%
0%
2%
1%
1
3
2%
0%
4%
0%
Perfumes, cosmetics
1
2
2%
0%
5%
1%
Commerce and retail
1
1
2%
0%
2%
0%
48
2,459
100%
100%
5%
7%
TOTAL
Key:
investments in France
were in the software and IT
services sector; 12% of foreign
investments in the software and
IT services sector were made by
Belgian companies.
*Share of Belgian investments in the total number of investments in each business sector.
Number
Host region
Key:
by Belgian companies.
National share
Total share*
Projects
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
9
1,631
19%
66%
3%
17%
Nord-Pas de CalaisPicardie
9
52
19%
2%
12%
1%
Alsace-ChampagneArdenne-Lorraine
5
289
10%
12%
5%
8%
5
70
10%
3%
9%
4%
Midi-Pyrénées-LanguedocRoussillon
5
65
10%
3%
7%
3%
4
86
8%
3%
3%
3%
Aquitaine-Limousin-PoitouCharentes
3
85
6%
3%
6%
9%
Centre-Val de Loire
2
113
4%
5%
6%
15%
Normandie
2
50
4%
2%
6%
4%
Pays de la Loire
2
7
4%
0%
5%
1%
1
8
2%
0%
3%
1%
Bretagne (Brittany)
1
3
2%
0%
6%
1%
48
2,459
100%
100%
5%
7%
TOTAL
*Share of Belgian investments in the total number of investments in each region.
BRAZIL
BRAZILIAN INVESTMENT IN FRANCE
REMAINED STABLE IN 2015.
BRAZILIAN COMPANIES
IN FRANCE
There are around forty Brazilian
companies operating in France, where
Four new Brazilian job-creating investments
were recorded in 2015, creating 21 jobs.
These were made in decision-making
centers (75%), corresponding to first-time
investments in Europe, but also production/
manufacturing operations (25%).
These investments, split equally between the
machinery/mechanical equipment, other
services, medical/surgical equipment, and
consulting/engineering/business services
sectors were most often located in the
Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region (50%).
SELECTED INVESTMENT
PROJECTS IN 2015
CAMILOTTI & CASTELLANI: This law firm,
specializing in commercial, corporate and
tax law, chose Lyon (Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes
region) as the location for its first European
sales office, currently employing one person.
Global meat processing company JBS
bought out Irish poultry producer Moy Park,
including its two French plants (Nord-Pas de
Calais-Picardie and Centre-Val de Loire regions)
where more than 700 people are employed.
This decision is part of JBS’s strategy to
broaden its portfolio of processed products and
widen its client base in European markets.
JBS:
1
FLOW
4
PROJECTS
(Business France)
21
JOBS
(Business France)
STOCK
More than
40
COMPANIES
IN FRANCE
(Orbis)
OF BRAZILIAN INVESTMENT
IN EUROPE
More than
2,500
EMPLOYEES
In 2015, France attracted 7% of Brazilian
investments in Europe, preceded by
joint leading recipients Germany and
the United Kingdom (21%).1
(Orbis)
€60
million
50TH PLACE
(Banque de France*)
TOP 5 BRAZILIAN COMPANIES BY EMPLOYMENT
IN FRANCE
FRENCH EXPORTS:
Parent company
Workforce in France
VALE S.A.
1,000-1,500
JBS S.A.
700-800
EMBRAER - EMPRESA BRASILEIRA DE
AERONAUTICA S.A.
Aerospace, naval and railway
equipment
200-300
MAGNESITA REFRATARIOS S.A.
100-200
NATURA COSMETICOS S.A.
Perfumes, cosmetics
50-100
€4.8 billion
17TH PLACE
NUMBER OF
COMPANIES
IN THE FORBES 2000:
24
Data for 2014 will be published by the Banque de France in July 2016.
Number
Business activity
Key:
>>In 2015, 75% of Brazilian
made by Brazilian companies.
National share
Total share*
Projects
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
3
11
75%
52%
1%
0%
1
5
25%
24%
1%
0%
Global / European headquarters
2
6
50%
29%
7%
2%
1
10
25%
48%
0%
0%
4
21
100%
100%
0%
0%
TOTAL
*Share of Brazilian investments in the total number of investments in each business activity.
Number
Business sector
Key:
the machinery and mechanical
equipment sector; 2% of foreign
investments in the machinery
and mechanical equipment
sector were made by Brazilian
companies.
National share
Total share*
Projects
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
1
10
25%
48%
2%
1%
Other services
1
5
25%
24%
2%
1%
Medical/surgical equipment, diagnostics
and devices
1
5
25%
24%
4%
2%
Consulting, engineering and business
services
1
1
25%
5%
2%
0%
4
21
100%
100%
0%
0%
TOTAL
*Share of Brazilian investments in the total number of investments in each business sector.
Number
Host region
Key:
Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes; 2% of
foreign investments in AuvergneRhône-Alpes were made by
Brazilian companies.
National share
Total share*
Projects
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
2
11
50%
52%
2%
0%
1
5
25%
24%
2%
1%
1
5
25%
24%
2%
0%
4
21
100%
100%
0%
0%
TOTAL
*Share of Brazilian investments in the total number of investments in each region.
CANADA
CANADIAN INVESTMENTS IN FRANCE WERE ON THE RISE IN 2015, TAKING
IN DIVERSE SECTORS INCLUDING SOFTWARE/IT SERVICES, CONSULTING/
ENGINEERING/BUSINESS SERVICES, AND VARIOUS INDUSTRIES.
CANADIAN COMPANIES
IN FRANCE
SELECTED INVESTMENT
PROJECTS IN 2015
There are around 250 Canadian firms operating
in France, where they employ more than 20,000
people. In 2015, 38 new projects created
or maintained more than 1,700 jobs.
Investments in decision-making centers, more than
half of which were first-time investments, accounted
for 21% of all Canadian projects in France, while
another 21% were in production/manufacturing.
The software and IT services sector was the
leading area for investment, accounting for 26%
of Canadian projects in France, followed by
consulting/engineering/business services (18%).
Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes and Midi-Pyrénées-LanguedocRoussillon were the main recipients of Canadian
investments (18% each), followed by Ile de France
(Paris region) and Pays de la Loire (16% each).
SAVOIR-FAIRE LINUX:
FRANCE AS A RECIPIENT OF
CANADIAN INVESTMENT IN
EUROPE
In 2015, France was the third largest recipient of
job-creating investment from Canada, attracting
16% of Canadian projects in Europe, preceded by
Germany (20%) and the United Kingdom (19%).1
Montreal-based SavoirFaire Linux, providing free and open-source
software, first set up business in France in
2014 through a European sales/support
office in Paris (Ile de France region), before
opening a support/development office in
2015 for European clients in Lyon (AuvergneRhône-Alpes), where around ten jobs are due
to be created over the coming three years.
This independent IT consulting, systems
integration and solutions group employs 10,000
people in France and 70,000 throughout the
world. With 400 employees already working
at its Lille premises (Nord-Pas de CalaisPicardie region), CGI decided in 2015 to
set up a global retail and consumer services
center of excellence there, creating 200
further positions over the next three years.
CGI:
This Toronto-based startup
specializing in online data security solutions
announced it was creating a new European
sales and development office in Caen
(Normandie), initially employing five people.
UCONEKT:
1
FLOW
38
PROJECTS
(Business France)
1,728
JOBS
(Business France)
STOCK
250
COMPANIES
IN FRANCE
(Orbis)
More than
23,000
EMPLOYEES
(Orbis)
€1.8
billion
21ST PLACE
(Banque de France*)
TOP 5 CANADIAN COMPANIES BY EMPLOYMENT
IN FRANCE
FRENCH EXPORTS:
Parent company
Workforce in France
CGI
10,000
ONEX CORPORATION
1,500-2,000
BOMBARDIER INC.
1,500-2,000
SNC-LAVALIN GROUP INC
1,500
MCCAIN FOODS GROUP INC.
1,000-1,500
€3.2 billion
28TH PLACE
NUMBER OF
COMPANIES
IN THE FORBES 2000:
52
Number
Business activity
Key:
>>In 2015, 21% of Canadian
made by Canadian companies.
National share
Total share*
Projects
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
8
89
21%
5%
4%
2%
5
39
13%
2%
3%
3%
2
47
5%
3%
7%
13%
French Headquarters
1
3
3%
0%
4%
0%
Retail outlets
1
10
3%
1%
1%
0%
8
190
21%
11%
3%
1%
8
243
21%
14%
9%
14%
6
13
223
1,196
16%
34%
13%
69%
9%
7%
15%
21%
38
1,728
100%
100%
4%
5%
R&D
Business services
TOTAL
*Share of Canadian investments in the total number of investments in each business sector.
Number
Business sector
the software and IT services
sector; 9% of foreign investments
in the software and IT services
sector were made by Canadian
companies.
Total share*
Projects
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
10
1,095
26%
63%
9%
26%
7
326
18%
19%
12%
26%
5
71
13%
4%
9%
4%
3
41
8%
2%
7%
6%
Key:
National share
3
35
8%
2%
10%
3%
devices
3
13
8%
1%
13%
5%
accessories
2
81
5%
5%
3%
6%
Automotive industry
2
35
5%
2%
4%
1%
1
20
3%
1%
3%
1%
1
10
3%
1%
3%
0%
Commerce and retail
1
1
3%
0%
2%
0%
38
1,728
100%
100%
4%
5%
TOTAL
*Share of Canadian investments in the total number of investments in each business sector.
Number
Host region
Key:
Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes; 6% of
foreign investments in AuvergneRhône-Alpes were made by
Canadian companies.
Projects
National share
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
Total share*
Projects
Jobs
7
200
18%
12%
6%
7%
7
145
18%
8%
10%
7%
6
795
16%
46%
2%
8%
Pays de la Loire
6
190
16%
11%
14%
18%
3
31
8%
2%
5%
2%
Bretagne (Brittany)
2
76
5%
4%
13%
37%
2
40
5%
2%
2%
1%
2
6
5%
0%
4%
1%
1
200
3%
12%
1%
2%
Centre-Val de Loire
1
40
3%
2%
3%
5%
Normandie
TOTAL
1
5
3%
0%
3%
0%
38
1,728
100%
100%
4%
5%
*Share of Canadian investments in the total number of investments in each region.
CHINA
CHINA WAS THE SECOND LARGEST ASIAN INVESTOR
IN FRANCE IN 2015.
CHINESE COMPANIES IN FRANCE
There are over 600 companies from mainland
China and Hong Kong operating in France,
where they employ more than 45,000 people.
Forty-four new investments from China
and Hong Kong were recorded in 2015,
creating or maintaining 1,023 jobs.
Chinese companies invested primarily in
decision-making centers (52%) and production/
manufacturing operations (18%), while
there were also 16 first-time investments.
Electrical/electronic/IT equipment (14%)
was the most popular sector for Chinese
investors, who were also responsible for
one-quarter of all foreign investment in the
French consumer electronics sector.
More than half (55%) of Chinese investments in
France were made in Ile de France (Paris region).
OF CHINESE INVESTMENT
IN EUROPE
SELECTED INVESTMENT
PROJECTS IN 2015
Chinese e-commerce giant Alibaba
opened its first French subsidiary in Paris
(Ile de France region), creating six jobs. The
company will use the ‘Alibaba Embassy’ to
identify new products to sell on its websites.
ALIBABA:
China’s third-largest infant
formula company continued to pursue its
long-term partnership with French firm Les
Maîtres Laitiers du Cotentin, setting up a new
production facility for infant dairy products
in the Normandie region, in a €114 million
investment expected to generate 200 jobs.
SYNUTRA:
Following its acquisition of the Louvre
Hotels group in Paris (Ile de France), the Jin Jiang
group, which has a network of over 1,500 hotels
across the world, decided to establish its European
HQ in the French capital in order to promote its
French tourism offering to Chinese customers.
The investment will create around ten jobs.
JIN JIANG:
1
In 2015, France was the second largest
recipient of job-creating investment from China,
attracting 16% of Chinese projects in Europe,
preceded by the United Kingdom (22%).
FLOW
*
44
(5)
PROJECTS
(Business France)
1,023
(72)
JOBS
(Business France)
STOCK
More than
600
COMPANIES
IN FRANCE
(Orbis)
More than
45,000
EMPLOYEES
(Orbis)
€2.8
billion
(Banque de France*)
TOP 5 CHINESE AND HONG KONG COMPANIES
BY EMPLOYMENT IN FRANCE
Parent company
FRENCH EXPORTS:
Workforce in France
JIN JIANG INTERNATIONAL HOLDINGS
CO., LTD. (LOUVRE HOTELS GROUP) (China)
10,000-15,000
HUTCHISON WHAMPOA LTD.
(MARIONNAUD) (Hong Kong)
Commerce and retail
5,000-10,000
CHINA NATIONAL CHEMICAL
CORPORATION (CHEMCHINA) (China)
Chemicals, plastics
2,500-3,000
YANTAI TAIHAI (China)
1,500-2,000
HAINAN AIRLINES (AIGLE AZUR) (China)
Transport, storage
1,000-1,500
€22.5 billion
NUMBER OF
COMPANIES
IN THE FORBES 2000:
232 (58)
*Data relating to investments from
Hong Kong appear in parentheses;
44 investment projects from China,
including five from Hong Kong.
Number
Business activity
Projects
Key:
Total share*
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
23 (2)
262
52%
26%
11%
6%
16 (2)
149
36%
15%
10%
10%
Global / European
headquarters
6
63
14%
6%
22%
18%
French Headquarters
1
50
2%
5%
4%
2%
Logistics
>>In 2015, 52% of Chinese
made by Chinese companies.
National share
1
5
2%
0%
2%
0%
Retail outlets
3 (1)
14
7%
1%
4%
1%
8 (2)
583
18%
57%
3%
4%
4
54
9%
5%
5%
3%
4
54
9%
5%
6%
4%
1
10
2%
1%
1%
0%
R&D
Business services
Consumer services
TOTAL
4
95
9%
9%
6%
4%
44 (5)
1,023 (72)
100%
100%
5%
3%
*Share of Chinese investments in the total number of investments in each business activity.
Number
Business sector
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
6
242
14%
24%
11%
23%
4 (1)
96
9%
9%
7%
8%
4
95
9%
9%
14%
7%
services
3
34
7%
3%
5%
3%
accessories
3 (2)
30
7%
3%
15%
8%
Commerce and retail
3
26
7%
3%
6%
1%
Other services
3
21
7%
2%
7%
3%
Perfumes, cosmetics
3 (1)
15
7%
1%
14%
6%
Automotive industry
2
162
5%
16%
4%
6%
Transport, storage
2
103
5%
10%
4%
8%
2
95
5%
9%
22%
50%
2
30
5%
3%
25%
7%
2 (1)
18
5%
2%
4%
1%
2
6
5%
1%
7%
1%
1
20
2%
2%
1%
0%
1
20
2%
2%
3%
1%
1
10
2%
1%
2%
1%
44 (5)
1,023 (72)
100%
100%
5%
3%
in the electrical/electronic/IT
investments in the electrical/
electronic/IT equipment
sector were made by Chinese
companies.
Total share*
Projects
Key:
National share
TOTAL
*Share of Chinese investments in the total number of investments in each business sector.
Number
Host region
National share
Total share*
Projects
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
24 (2)
321
55%
31%
8%
3%
8 (2)
209
18%
20%
6%
7%
2 (1)
12
5%
1%
3%
0%
2
154
5%
15%
5%
16%
Centre-Val de Loire
2
68
5%
7%
6%
9%
2
13
5%
1%
4%
1%
1
200
2%
20%
1%
6%
1
23
2%
2%
2%
1%
1
20
2%
2%
1%
1%
1
3
2%
0%
50%
75%
44 (5)
1,023 (72)
100%
100%
5%
3%
TOTAL
Key:
by Chinese companies.
*Share of Chinese investments in the total number of investments in each region.
DENMARK
DANISH COMPANIES CONFIRMED FEWER INVESTMENTS
IN FRANCE IN 2015, BUT GENERATED MORE JOBS.
FLOW
11
PROJECTS
(Business France)
414
JOBS
(Business France)
STOCK
More than
400
COMPANIES
IN FRANCE
DANISH COMPANIES IN FRANCE
There are over 400 Danish companies
Danish investment dipped slightly in 2015, with 11
new investment decisions from Danish companies
in France, creating or maintaining 414 jobs.
Danish companies invested primarily in
production/manufacturing operations
(36%) and business services (27%).
Eighteen percent of Danish investment projects in
France were in the agri-food and energy sectors.
More than one-third of Danish investments
were located in the Provence-Alpes-Côte
d’Azur (18%) and Alsace-ChampagneArdenne-Lorraine (18%) regions.
(Orbis)
More than
45,000
EMPLOYEES
(Orbis)
€5.3
billion
OF DANISH INVESTMENT
IN EUROPE
leading recipient of job-creating investment
from Denmark, attracting 18% of Danish
projects in Europe, followed by Spain
(16%), while France attracted 10%.
12TH PLACE
Danish firm DanBred, which generates
annual revenues of €37.5 million and has over
200 employees worldwide, is establishing a base
at Zoopole-Technopole in Saint-Brieuc (Bretagne
/ Brittany region). The investment will create
three jobs and will enable DanBred, which has
already been active on the French market for
several years, to meet local demand and satisfy
its customers’ needs even better than before.
DANBRED:
COLOPLAST: Danish company Coloplast develops
products and services designed to make life easier
for people with very personal and private medical
conditions. In 2015, the company, which is working
on a new product to treat constipation, decided to
establish a platform for medical communication with
hospitals and patients in France. The investment
is expected to generate around ten jobs at its
Rosny-sous-Bois site (Ile de France / Paris region).
Danish company Lundbeck, which
specializes in treatments for psychiatric and
neurological diseases, has invested over €14
million in its Sophia Antipolis site (ProvenceAlpes-Côte d’Azur region) since 2014,
when it signed a packaging contract for a
new antidepressant, creating 41 jobs.
LUNDBECK:
1
(Banque de France*)
FRENCH EXPORTS:
SELECTED INVESTMENT
PROJECTS IN 2015
€2.5 billion
TOP 5 DANISH COMPANIES BY EMPLOYMENT
IN FRANCE
Parent company
Workforce in France
ISS A/S - INTEGRATED
SERVICE SOLUTIONS
Other services
25,000
WILLIAM DEMANTS
Medical/surgical equipment, diagnostics and devices 1,500-2,000
CARLSBERG A/S
1,500-2,000
DANFOSS A/S
1,000-1,200
DSV A/S
Transport, storage
500-1,000
34TH PLACE
NUMBER OF
COMPANIES
IN THE FORBES 2000:
11
Number
Business activity
National share
Total share*
Projects
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
2
7
18%
2%
1%
0%
2
7
18%
2%
1%
0%
Retail outlets
1
40
9%
10%
1%
2%
4
126
36%
30%
1%
1%
Business services
3
39
27%
9%
2%
1%
Consumer services
1
202
9%
49%
1%
8%
11
414
100%
100%
1%
1%
TOTAL
Key:
>>In 2015, 36% of Danish
production/manufacturing; 1% of
foreign investments in
made by Danish companies.
*Share of Danish investments in the total number of investments in each business activity.
Number
Business sector
Projects
National share
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
Total share*
Projects
Jobs
2
43
18%
10%
4%
3%
2
37
18%
9%
5%
6%
Transport, storage
1
202
9%
49%
2%
15%
1
41
9%
10%
3%
4%
1
40
9%
10%
5%
13%
Other services
1
22
9%
5%
2%
3%
1
15
9%
4%
3%
3%
and devices
1
10
9%
2%
4%
4%
1
4
9%
1%
2%
0%
11
414
100%
100%
1%
1%
TOTAL
*Share of Danish investments in the total number of investments in each business sector.
Key:
the agri-food, agriculture and
fishing sector; 4% of foreign
investments in the agri-food,
agriculture and fishing sector
were made by Danish
companies.
Number
Host region
Projects
National share
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
Total share*
Projects
Jobs
2
81
18%
20%
3%
5%
2
70
18%
17%
2%
2%
1
202
9%
49%
1%
2%
1
22
9%
5%
1%
1%
Centre-Val de Loire
1
15
9%
4%
3%
2%
1
10
9%
2%
0%
0%
Pays de la Loire
1
7
9%
2%
2%
1%
1
4
9%
1%
1%
0%
Bretagne (Brittany)
1
3
9%
1%
6%
1%
11
414
100%
100%
1%
1%
TOTAL
Key:
Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur; 3% of
foreign investments in ProvenceAlpes-Côte d’Azur were made by
Danish companies.
*Share of Danish investments in the total number of investments in each region.
FINLAND
2015 SAW A GROWING NUMBER OF FINNISH COMPANIES
IN FRANCE.
FLOW
11
PROJECTS
(Business France)
341
JOBS
(Business France)
STOCK
More than
100
COMPANIES
IN FRANCE
(Orbis)
More than
15,000
EMPLOYEES
(Orbis)
FINNISH COMPANIES IN FRANCE
There are over 100 Finnish companies
Eleven new investments from Finland
or maintaining 341 jobs.
More than one-third of investments made by
Finnish firms were in production/manufacturing
operations (36%), while 18% involved
decision-making centers (French Headquarters)
and a further 18% business services.
These investments were mainly in the
energy (36%) and machinery and
mechanical equipment (18%) sectors.
Finnish companies invested primarily in the AlsaceChampagne-Ardenne-Lorraine region (27%)
OF FINNISH INVESTMENT
IN EUROPE
SELECTED INVESTMENT
PROJECTS IN 2015
This leading player in the air ventilation
and purification market opened a research
center at its Crépy-en-Valois site (Nord-Pas de
Calais-Picardie region) in 2015, creating around
fifteen additional jobs. The new center is tasked
with developing new product technologies and
training the company’s personnel. Halton is the
only firm in France with an in-house laboratory,
making the facility all the more competitive.
HALTON:
Joptek is one of the largest subcontractors
of the Saint-Nazaire shipyard (Pays de la Loire
region). The company signed an assembly and
production partnership agreement with Eiffel
Industries, and the installation work for the first
ship is already in its final stages. The contract
for each ship is worth several million euros.
JOPTEK:
1
In 2015, France was the joint third leading
recipient, along with Sweden, of job-creating
investment from Finland, attracting 12% of
Finnish projects in Europe, preceded by Germany
(24%) and the United Kingdom (21%).1
€1.7
billion
22ND PLACE
(Banque de France*)
FRENCH EXPORTS:
€1.9 billion
41ST PLACE
NUMBER OF
COMPANIES
IN THE FORBES 2000:
10
TOP 5 FINNISH COMPANIES BY EMPLOYMENT
IN FRANCE
Parent company
Workforce in France
KONE OYJ
3,000-3,500
AMER SPORTS OYJ
(Wilson, Salomon, Mavic)
1,000-1,500
UPM-KYMMENE OYJ
500-1,000
METSO
500 -1,000
AHLSTROM
500-1,000
Number
Business activity
National share
Total share*
Projects
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
2
35
18%
10%
1%
1%
French Headquarters
2
35
18%
10%
8%
1%
Logistics
1
15
9%
4%
2%
1%
4
243
36%
71%
1%
2%
1
15
9%
4%
1%
1%
1
15
9%
4%
1%
1%
Business services
2
30
18%
9%
1%
1%
Consumer services
1
3
9%
1%
1%
0%
11
341
100%
100%
1%
1%
R&D
TOTAL
Key:
>>In 2015, 18% of Finnish
decision-making centers; 1% of
made by Finnish companies.
*Share of Finnish investments in the total number of investments in each business activity.
Number
Business sector
Projects
National share
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
Total share*
Projects
Jobs
10%
4
65
36%
19%
9%
2
19
18%
6%
4%
2%
1
214
9%
63%
3%
22%
services
1
20
9%
6%
2%
2%
1
10
9%
3%
1%
0%
1
10
9%
3%
3%
0%
TOTAL
1
3
9%
1%
4%
0%
11
341
100%
100%
1%
1%
*Share of Finnish investments in the total number of investments in each business sector.
Key:
the energy, recycling, other
concessions sector; 9% of foreign
investments in the energy,
recycling, other concessions
sector were made by Finnish
companies.
Number
Host region
National share
Total share*
Projects
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
3
233
27%
68%
3%
7%
2
40
18%
12%
1%
0%
Normandie
2
25
18%
7%
6%
2%
2
18
18%
5%
2%
1%
1
15
9%
4%
1%
0%
1
10
9%
3%
2%
1%
11
341
100%
100%
1%
1%
TOTAL
*Share of Finnish investments in the total number of investments in each region.
Key:
Alsace-Champagne-ArdenneLorraine; 3% of foreign
investments in AlsaceChampagne-Ardenne-Lorraine
were made by Finnish
companies.
GCC COUNTRIES
FLOW
6
PROJECTS
(Business France)
632
JOBS
(Business France)
STOCK
More than
120 COMPANIES
IN FRANCE
(Orbis)
More than
5,000
EMPLOYEES
(Orbis)
€4.9
billion
(Banque de France*)
FRENCH EXPORTS:
€10.8 billion
NUMBER OF
COMPANIES
IN THE FORBES 2000:
50
FRANCE ATTRACTED SIX NEW JOB-CREATING INVESTMENT
PROJECTS FROM GCC COUNTRIES IN 2015.
GCC COMPANIES IN FRANCE
There are over 120 companies from GCC
member countries operating in France, where
Six new investment projects in France from
GCC countries were recorded in 2015,
Fifty percent of GCC investments in 2015 came
from the United Arab Emirates, while Kuwait,
Oman and Qatar each accounted for 17%.
Half of these projects involved decision-making centers
(first-time investments), while the other half were in
logistics, business services, and personal services.
Investments by GCC countries were made
in a variety of sectors, including hotels,
telecoms, and transport/storage.
Companies from GCC countries mainly invested
in Ile de France (Paris region) (50%).
OF GCC INVESTMENT IN EUROPE
largest recipient of job-creating investment
from GCC countries, attracting 33% of
GCC projects in Europe, followed by the
Netherlands (14%) and Germany (14%).1
SELECTED INVESTMENT
PROJECTS IN 2015
Eurofos, a subsidiary of
the PortSynergy group, which is 50% owned
by Dubai Port World, operates one of the
largest container terminals in France (82
hectares) in Fos-sur-Mer (Provence-Alpes-Côte
d’Azur region). In January 2015, the company
announced the modernization and expansion of
its Mediterranean terminal, creating 10 jobs.
DUBAI PORT WORLD:
OMANTEL: Oman’s national telecommunications
company decided to set up its first European
office in Paris (Ile de France region), the main
role of which will be to monitor the project to
build an undersea fiber-optic cable between
Egypt (Alexandria) and France (Marseille).
Ten new jobs are expected to be created.
1
TOP 5 GCC COMPANIES BY EMPLOYMENT
IN FRANCE
Parent company
Workforce in France
DIVINE INVESTMENTS SA (PRINTEMPS) (Qatar)
Commerce and retail
3,000
QATAR LUXURY GROUP (Qatar)
Textiles, industrial textiles,
clothing and accessories
1,000-1,500
KATARA HOSPITALITY (Qatar)
800-1,000
SAUDI OGER COMPANY LTD.
(SAUDI ARABIA)
Consulting, engineering and
500-1,000
business services
IPIC (BOREALIS)* (United Arab Emirates)
Chemicals, plastics
*Borealis is 64% owned by The International Petroleum Investment Company (United
Arab Emirates) and 36% by OMV (Austria).
*FDI stock in France (ultimate investor) as of December 31, 2013 (data not updated since).
500-1,000
DISTRIBUTION OF PROJECTS BY SOURCE
COUNTRY
Number
Source country
Projects
Jobs
United Arab Emirates
3
21
Qatar
1
600
Oman
1
10
Kuwait
1
1
TOTAL
6
632
Number
Business activity
National share
Total share*
Projects
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
3
19
50%
3%
1%
0%
3
19
50%
3%
2%
1%
1
10
17%
2%
2%
1%
Logistics
Business services
1
3
17%
0%
1%
0%
Consumer services
1
600
17%
95%
1%
25%
6
632
100%
100%
1%
2%
TOTAL
Key:
>>In 2015, 50% of GCC
made by GCC companies.
*Share of GCC investments in the total number of investments in each business activity.
Number
Business sector
National share
Total share*
Projects
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
Projects
1
600
17%
95%
4%
Jobs
45%
1
10
17%
2%
20%
20%
Transport, storage
1
10
17%
2%
2%
1%
Commerce and retail
1
8
17%
1%
2%
0%
1
3
17%
0%
3%
0%
services
1
1
17%
0%
2%
0%
6
632
100%
100%
1%
2%
TOTAL
*Share of GCC investments in the total number of investments in each business sector.
Key:
>>In 2015, 17% of GCC
the hotels, tourism and
restaurants sector; 4% of foreign
investments in the hotels,
tourism and restaurants sector
were made by GCC companies.
Number
Host region
National share
Projects
Jobs
3
1
Total share*
Projects
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
613
50%
97%
1%
6%
10
17%
2%
2%
1%
1
8
17%
1%
1%
0%
1
1
17%
0%
3%
0%
6
632
100%
100%
1%
2%
TOTAL
*Share of GCC investments in the total number of investments in each region.
Key:
>>In 2015, 50% of GCC
investments in France were in Ile
de France (Paris region); 1% of
foreign investments in Ile de
by GCC companies.
GERMANY
GERMANY REMAINED THE LEADING SOURCE COUNTRY
IN EUROPE FOR INVESTMENT IN FRANCE IN 2015.
FLOW
GERMAN COMPANIES IN FRANCE
141
PROJECTS
There are over 3,800 German companies
With 141 physical investment projects recorded
in France in 2015, Germany remained the second
leading source country of job-creating foreign
investment after the United States, creating or
maintaining 3,612 jobs.
Investments by German companies in France were
made primarily in production/manufacturing
operations (34%), thereby confirming Germany’s
specialization in industry; in all, Germany accounted
for 17% of foreign investments in production/
manufacturing operations in France.
More than one-third of all foreign investments in the
French automotive industry (37%) were made by
German companies.
Border region Alsace-Champagne-Ardenne-Lorraine
received more than one-third of all German investment
in France (34%).
(Business France)
3,612
JOBS
(Business France)
STOCK
More than
3,800
COMPANIES
IN FRANCE
(Orbis)
More than
300,000
EMPLOYEES
(Orbis)
€70.5
billion
OF GERMAN INVESTMENT
IN EUROPE
SELECTED INVESTMENT
PROJECTS IN 2015
In its search for rare, highly specialist skill
sets, this Hamburg-based specialist in molecule
development for major pharmaceutical companies
completed a takeover of Sanofi’s Toulouse site (MidiPyrénées-Languedoc-Roussillon region). Evotec will
now benefit from the expertise of 210 researchers,
and has plans to create a further 70 positions.
EVOTEC:
In June 2015, this automotive
steering firm decided to set up a new world-class
R&D center at the Sophia-Antipolis technology
park (Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur region),
employing 50 researchers focusing on cuttingedge technology, including driverless vehicles.
ROBERT BOSCH:
E.ON: Gas and electricity producer E.ON has long
stood out as a leading alternative energy provider
since setting up in France in 2008. The German
group recently created an R&D center, focusing on
developing renewable energy forms, in LevalloisPerret (Ile de France/Paris region), creating 12 jobs.
1
In 2015, France was the leading recipient of
job-creating investment from Germany, attracting
17% of German projects in Europe, followed by
the United Kingdom (16%) and Spain (11%).1
3RD PLACE
(Banque de France*)
FRENCH EXPORTS:
€71.4 billion
1ST PLACE
NUMBER OF
COMPANIES
IN THE FORBES 2000:
53
TOP 5 GERMAN COMPANIES BY EMPLOYMENT
IN FRANCE
Parent company
Workforce in France
LIDL
Commerce and retail
20,000-25,000
FAMILIEN PORSCHE/
PIECH
Automotive industry
10,000-15,000
ALLIANZ SE
10,000-15,000
DEUTSCHE POST AG
Transport, storage
Other services
10,000-15,000
BERTELSMANN STIFTUNG
Other services
10,000-15,000
Number
Business activity
Projects
National share
Total share*
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
21
286
15%
8%
10%
7%
14
168
10%
5%
9%
11%
7
118
5%
3%
29%
5%
15
259
11%
7%
26%
23%
French Headquarters
Logistics
Retail outlets
4
35
3%
1%
5%
2%
48
1,658
34%
46%
17%
10%
11
540
8%
15%
13%
32%
7
483
5%
13%
10%
32%
37
712
26%
20%
21%
12%
5
122
4%
3%
7%
5%
141
3,612
100%
100%
15%
11%
R&D
Business services
Consumer services
TOTAL
Key:
>>In 2015, 34% of German
made by German companies.
*Share of German investments in the total number of investments in each business activity.
Number
Business sector
National share
Total share*
Projects
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
Automotive industry
20
810
14%
22%
37%
31%
Transport, storage
13
328
9%
9%
27%
25%
13
230
9%
6%
30%
35%
12
144
9%
4%
22%
14%
11
132
8%
4%
23%
15%
10
216
7%
6%
9%
5%
Other services
7
160
5%
4%
15%
20%
7
151
5%
4%
21%
16%
Commerce and retail
7
95
5%
3%
14%
3%
Chemicals, plastics
7
71
5%
2%
19%
9%
5
458
4%
13%
16%
7%
Textiles, industrial textiles, clothing and accessories
5
35
4%
1%
9%
3%
4
174
3%
5%
12%
11%
4
91
3%
3%
7%
7%
4
50
3%
1%
7%
3%
3
25
2%
1%
10%
5%
2
90
1%
2%
10%
23%
2
27
1%
1%
25%
7%
2
25
1%
1%
11%
8%
1
280
1%
8%
3%
27%
1
15
1%
0%
11%
8%
Perfumes, cosmetics
1
5
1%
0%
5%
2%
141
3,612
100%
100%
15%
11%
TOTAL
Key:
the automotive industry; 37%
of foreign investments in the
automotive industry were made
by German companies.
*Share of German investments in the total number of investments in each business sector.
Number
Host region
Key:
in Alsace-ChampagneArdenne-Lorraine; 34%
of foreign investments in
Alsace-Champagne-ArdenneLorraine were made by German
companies.
National share
Total share*
Projects
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
36
870
26%
24%
34%
25%
34
654
24%
18%
11%
7%
21
356
15%
10%
17%
12%
10
202
7%
6%
14%
2%
8
538
6%
15%
11%
25%
Normandie
7
193
5%
5%
21%
15%
Pays de la Loire
5
264
4%
7%
12%
25%
5
189
4%
5%
9%
20%
Centre-Val de Loire
5
145
4%
4%
16%
20%
5
141
4%
4%
9%
8%
4
50
3%
1%
11%
5%
Bretagne (Brittany)
1
10
1%
0%
6%
5%
141
3,612
100%
100%
15%
11%
TOTAL
*Share of German investments in the total number of investments in each region.
INDIA
THERE ARE OVER A HUNDRED INDIAN COMPANIES
OPERATING IN FRANCE, WHERE 12 NEW INDIAN INVESTMENTS
WERE RECORDED IN 2015.
INDIAN COMPANIES IN FRANCE
There are over 120 Indian companies
operating in France, where they
employ more than 7,000 people.
Twelve new investments from India were recorded
in 2015, creating or maintaining 290 jobs.
Forty-two percent of Indian investments in
France were in production/manufacturing
operations, followed by 33% in business
services, and 17% in decision-making centers.
More than one-third of these projects were
in the energy (17%) and aerospace, naval
and railway equipment (17%) sectors.
Indian companies invested primarily in the
Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur (25%), AuvergneRhône-Alpes (17%), Ile de France (Paris region)
(17%) and Centre-Val de Loire (17%) regions.
OF INDIAN INVESTMENT
IN EUROPE
In 2015, the leading recipient of job-creating
investment from India was the United Kingdom,
attracting 50% of all Indian projects in Europe,
followed by 14 other countries, including Ireland
(9%), Germany (9%), and France (5%).1
SELECTED INVESTMENT
PROJECTS IN 2015
This Indian manufacturer of pumps
used in water distribution systems and nuclear
infrastructure, among other applications,
acquired French firm Pompes Rutshi (AlsaceChampagne-Ardenne-Lorraine region). Pompes
Rutshi, an active player in the design and
manufacture of high-tech pumps for the oil, gas
and nuclear sectors, had 40 employees.
WPIL:
A specialist in developing and producing
engineering solutions for the aerospace,
automotive and oil & gas sectors, Aequs
purchased a site in Besançon (Bourgogne-FrancheComté region) from Sira, an aerospace component
manufacturer that had gone into liquidation. The
takeover saved 28 jobs and led to four new hires.
AEQUS:
This Indian firm designing
and producing analysis instruments for use in
industry (quality tests in industrial processes)
and sustainable development (environmental
impact measurements, pollution control) acquired
Grenoble-based firm Tethys (Auvergne-RhôneAlpes region), along with its 10 employees.
DNP INTERNATIONAL:
1
FLOW
12
PROJECTS
(Business France)
290
JOBS
(Business France)
STOCK
More than
120
COMPANIES
IN FRANCE
(Orbis)
More than
7,000
EMPLOYEES
(Orbis)
€260
million
36TH PLACE
(Banque de France*)
TOP 5 INDIAN COMPANIES BY EMPLOYMENT
IN FRANCE
FRENCH EXPORTS:
Parent company
Workforce in France
SINTEX INDUSTRIES LTD.
Chemicals, plastics
1,500-2,000
TATA GROUP (TATA SONS LTD.)
1,500
MAHINDRA & MAHINDRA LTD.
Automotive industry
400-500
MAHAJAN GROUP
400-500
MOTHERSON SUMI SYSTEMS
Automotive industry
300-400
€3.2 billion
30TH PLACE
NUMBER OF
COMPANIES
IN THE FORBES 2000:
56
Number
Business activity
Key:
>>In 2015, 42%
of Indian investments in France
were in production/
manufacturing; 2% of foreign
investments in production/
manufacturing were made by
Indian companies.
National share
Total share*
Projects
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
2
15
17%
5%
1%
0%
1
5
8%
2%
1%
0%
French Headquarters
1
10
8%
3%
4%
0%
5
167
42%
58%
2%
1%
Business services
4
106
33%
37%
2%
2%
Consumer services
1
2
8%
1%
1%
0%
12
290
100%
100%
1%
1%
TOTAL
*Share of Indian investments in the total number of investments in each business activity.
Number
Business sector
Key:
>>In 2015, 17% of Indian
energy, recycling, other
concessions; 5% of foreign
investments in the energy,
recycling, other concessions
sector were made by Indian
companies.
National share
Total share*
Projects
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
2
85
17%
29%
5%
13%
2
57
17%
20%
6%
4%
1
74
8%
26%
1%
2%
Automotive industry
1
35
8%
12%
2%
1%
1
15
8%
5%
2%
2%
1
10
8%
3%
2%
1%
1
5
8%
2%
2%
0%
Perfumes, cosmetics
1
5
8%
2%
5%
2%
Other services
1
2
8%
1%
2%
0%
1
2
8%
1%
2%
0%
12
290
100%
100%
1%
1%
TOTAL
*Share of Indian investments in the total number of investments in each business sector.
Number
Host region
Key:
>>In 2015, 25% of Indian
Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur; 5%
of foreign investments in
were made by Indian companies.
National share
Total share*
Projects
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
Projects
3
9
25%
3%
5%
Jobs
1%
2
95
17%
33%
2%
3%
2
45
17%
16%
1%
0%
Centre-Val de Loire
2
30
17%
10%
6%
4%
1
74
8%
26%
1%
3%
1
32
8%
11%
3%
3%
1
5
8%
2%
1%
0%
12
290
100%
100%
1%
1%
TOTAL
*Share of Indian investments in the total number of investments in each region.
IRELAND
FIFTEEN NEW INVESTMENT DECISIONS WERE MADE IN 2015
BY IRISH COMPANIES IN FRANCE.
IRISH COMPANIES IN FRANCE
There are 300 Irish companies
Fifteen new investments from Ireland were recorded
Irish investments were made primarily in decisionmaking centers (33%), production/manufacturing
operations (20%) and business services (20%).
Irish companies invested mainly in the software
and IT services (33%) and construction/
building materials (27%) sectors.
Ile de France (Paris region) attracted 33% of all
Irish investment, followed by Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes
(27%) and Nord-Pas de Calais-Picardie (20%).
SELECTED INVESTMENT
PROJECTS IN 2015
DCC: After acquiring ESSO Express’ French
operations, Irish company DCC established
a French HQ in Courbevoie (Ile de France
/ Paris region) to manage this new
nationwide network of 278 filling stations.
The project will generate 19 jobs.
This Irish hotel company is to open
its third French holiday apartment complex in
Marseille (Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur region), to
add to those in Paris and Lyon. The new residence
is set to open in 2016 and will create 20 jobs.
STAYCITY:
1
FLOW
15
PROJECTS
(Business France)
217
JOBS
(Business France)
STOCK
300
COMPANIES
IN FRANCE
IRISH INVESTMENT IN EUROPE
(Orbis)
More than
recipient of job-creating investment from Ireland,
attracting 46% of Irish projects in Europe,
followed by France (10%) and Poland (7%).1
20,000
EMPLOYEES
(Orbis)
€5.8
billion
11TH PLACE
(Banque de France*)
TOP 5 IRISH COMPANIES BY EMPLOYMENT
IN FRANCE
FRENCH EXPORTS:
Parent company
Workforce in France
SMURFIT KAPPA GROUP
4,000-5,000
ACCENTURE PLC
3,000-4,000
CRH PLC
2,000-2,500
WILLIS TOWERS WATSON
PLC (GRAS SAVOYE)
1,500-2,000
INGERSOLL-RAND PLC
1,500-2,000
€2.6 billion
33RD PLACE
NUMBER OF
COMPANIES
IN THE FORBES 2000:
19
(immediate investor) as of December 31, 2014 was €5 billion.
Number
Business activity
>>In 2015, 33% of Irish
made by Irish companies.
Total share*
Projects
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
5
77
33%
35%
2%
2%
4
58
27%
27%
3%
4%
French headquarters
1
19
7%
9%
4%
1%
Key:
National share
Logistics
1
6
7%
3%
2%
1%
3
51
20%
24%
1%
0%
2
18
13%
8%
2%
1%
2
18
13%
8%
3%
1%
R&D
Business services
3
45
20%
21%
2%
1%
Consumer services
1
20
7%
9%
1%
1%
15
217
100%
100%
2%
1%
TOTAL
*Share of Irish investments in the total number of investments in each business activity.
Number
Business sector
Key:
>>In 2015, 33% of Irish
sector were made by Irish
companies.
National share
Total share*
Projects
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
5
73
33%
34%
4%
2%
4
59
27%
27%
14%
11%
1
20
7%
9%
4%
2%
1
20
7%
9%
3%
2%
Commerce and retail
1
19
7%
9%
2%
1%
1
10
7%
5%
3%
1%
1
10
7%
5%
3%
0%
1
6
7%
3%
5%
2%
15
217
100%
100%
2%
1%
TOTAL
*Share of Irish investments in the total number of investments in each business sector.
Number
Host region
Key:
>>In 2015, 33% of Irish
by Irish companies.
National share
Total share*
Projects
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
5
65
33%
30%
2%
1%
4
67
27%
31%
3%
2%
3
57
20%
26%
4%
1%
2
24
13%
11%
3%
1%
1
4
7%
2%
1%
0%
15
217
100%
100%
2%
1%
TOTAL
*Share of Irish investments in the total number of investments in each region.
ISRAEL
THERE ARE 80 ISRAELI COMPANIES OPERATING IN FRANCE,
WHERE THEY EMPLOY MORE THAN 3,000 PEOPLE.
ISRAELI COMPANIES IN FRANCE
There are over 80 Israeli companies
Three new investments from Israel were recorded
Israeli investments involved decisionmaking centers, two of which were firsttime investments in France, and the other
a Global/European headquarters.
These projects were in the software/IT services
(67%) and other services (33%) sectors.
All three investments were made in
Ile de France (Paris region).
SELECTED INVESTMENT
PROJECT IN 2015
KENSHOO: This Israeli publisher of digital
marketing management software established a
base in Paris (Ile de France region) in 2011 to
support its growth on the French market in a wider
context of considerable expansion of its business in
Europe. In 2015, Kenshoo decided to consolidate
its operations in France by recruiting 15 people
to work primarily on southern European markets.
1
FLOW
3
PROJECTS
(Business France)
35
JOBS
(Business France)
STOCK
More than
80
COMPANIES
OF ISRAELI INVESTMENT
IN EUROPE
IN FRANCE
(Orbis)
recipient of job-creating investment from Israel,
attracting 30% of Israeli projects in Europe,
followed by France (15%) and Germany (15%).1
More than
4,500
EMPLOYEES
(Orbis)
€774
million
TOP 5 ISRAELI COMPANIES BY EMPLOYMENT
IN FRANCE
28TH PLACE
(Banque de France*)
FRENCH EXPORTS:
Parent company
Workforce in France
TEVA PHARMACEUTICAL
INDUSTRIES LTD.
1,000-1,500
MR S. SAGOL (BATH FRANCE)
Chemicals, plastics
300-400
TAMDA LTD. (CHATEAU D’EAU)
300-400
ALROV PROPERTIES & LODGINGS LTD. Hotels, tourism and restaurants
SASA HOLDINGS (BERARD; AMEFO)
150-200
Chemicals, plastics
100-200
€1.3 billion
48TH PLACE
NUMBER OF
COMPANIES
IN THE FORBES 2000:
10
Number
Key:
>>In 2015, 33% of Israeli
decision-making centers (Global
/ European Headquarters); 4% of
decision-making centers (Global
/ European Headquarters) were
made by Israeli companies.
Business activity
National share
Total share*
Projects
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
3
35
100%
100%
1%
1%
2
20
67%
57%
1%
1%
1
15
33%
43%
4%
4%
3
35
100%
100%
0%
0%
TOTAL
*Share of Israeli investments in the total number of investments in each business activity.
Number
Key:
sector were made by Israeli
companies.
Business sector
National share
Total share*
Projects
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
2
20
67%
57%
2%
0%
Other services
1
15
33%
43%
2%
2%
3
35
100%
100%
0%
0%
TOTAL
*Share of Israeli investments in the total number of investments in each business sector.
Key:
by Israeli companies.
Number
Host region
TOTAL
National share
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
3
35
100%
100%
1%
0%
3
35
100%
100%
0%
0%
*Share of Israeli investments in the total number of investments in each region.
Total share*
Projects
ITALY
ITALY WAS THE THIRD LEADING INVESTOR IN FRANCE IN 2015,
WITH 84 JOB-CREATING INVESTMENT PROJECTS.
ITALIAN COMPANIES IN FRANCE
There are 1,800 Italian companies
Eighty-four new investments from Italy
or maintaining 1,488 jobs.
Italian investors in France focused on
production/manufacturing and logistics
operations (each representing 21% of all
Italian projects). They also accounted for
31% of all foreign investments in logistics.
Italian investments were made in a wide variety
of sectors in line with France’s comparative
advantages. Italian companies conducted 37%
of all foreign investments in the furnishings/
household goods sector, and 21% of foreign
investments in the transport/storage sector.
Italian companies invested throughout France,
but mostly in regions with large towns and
cities: Ile de France (Paris region) (36%)
and Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes (14%).
OF ITALIAN INVESTMENT
IN EUROPE
of job-creating investment from Italy,
attracting 26% of Italian projects in Europe,
followed by the United Kingdom (18%),
Spain (13%) and Germany (12%).1
SELECTED INVESTMENT
PROJECTS IN 2015
TESMEC: This leading manufacturer of chain
trenchers for excavation work on energy and data
infrastructure projects (optical fiber, cables, etc.)
took over French firm Marais Technologies, based
in Durtal (Pays de la Loire region), which had
been ailing for a number of years. All 110 existing
jobs have been saved and an additional twenty
posts will now be created. An R&D office with five
personnel is also being set up at the same site.
HARMONT & BLAINE: As part of a new phase in
its international development, this Italian designer
of high-end casual clothing and accessories
chose to create a decision-making center in Paris
(Ile de France region) in 2015 to coordinate the
group’s direct commercial operations in France.
It also opened its first retail outlet in the French
capital. Twenty jobs will be created in total.
This Italian firm breeds
a typical Pacific variety of white sturgeon in
captivity using innovative aquaculture techniques.
In a bid to develop its sales in foreign markets
and particularly in France, Agroittica Lombarda
set up its first French office in Paris (Ile de France
region), targeting a high-end clientèle, but also
mass retail. Ten jobs will be created initially.
AGROITTICA LOMBARDA:
1
FLOW
84
PROJECTS
(Business France)
1,488
JOBS
(Business France)
STOCK
1,800
COMPANIES
IN FRANCE
(Orbis)
More than
100,000
EMPLOYEES
(Orbis)
€17.6
billion
8TH PLACE
(Banque de France*)
FRENCH EXPORTS:
€32 billion
TOP 5 ITALIAN COMPANIES BY EMPLOYMENT
IN FRANCE
Parent company
4TH PLACE
Workforce in France
GENERALI ASSICURAZIONI SPA Financial services, banking and insurance
7,500
FIAT CHRYSLER AUTOMOBILES
Automotive industry
7,000
SAIPEM SPA
2,500-3,000
BARILLA SPA
1,000-1,500
FERRERO SPA
1,000-1,500
NUMBER OF
COMPANIES
IN THE FORBES 2000:
30
Number
Business activity
>>In 2015, 21% of Italian
made by Italian companies.
Total share*
Projects
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
11
167
13%
11%
5%
4%
7
62
8%
4%
4%
4%
1
10
1%
1%
4%
3%
French headquarters
Key:
National share
3
95
4%
6%
13%
4%
Logistics
18
257
21%
17%
31%
23%
Retail outlets
10
42
12%
3%
13%
2%
18
695
21%
47%
6%
4%
12
148
14%
10%
14%
9%
9
118
11%
8%
13%
8%
13
149
15%
10%
7%
3%
2
30
2%
2%
3%
1%
84
1,488
100%
100%
9%
4%
R&D
Business services
Consumer services
TOTAL
*Share of Italian investments in the total number of investments in each business activity.
Number
Business sector
Key:
the transport/storage sector; 21%
of foreign investments in the
transport/storage sector were
made by Italian companies.
National share
Total share*
Projects
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
Transport, storage
10
134
12%
9%
21%
10%
accessories
10
51
12%
3%
17%
4%
9
212
11%
14%
16%
13%
7
222
8%
15%
15%
25%
Chemicals, plastics
7
176
8%
12%
19%
23%
7
101
8%
7%
37%
33%
7
51
8%
3%
16%
8%
3
90
4%
6%
3%
2%
and devices
3
38
4%
3%
13%
15%
3
32
4%
2%
9%
0%
Perfumes, cosmetics
3
12
4%
1%
14%
5%
12%
2
185
2%
12%
6%
Automotive industry
2
61
2%
4%
4%
2%
2
30
2%
2%
7%
2%
services
2
21
2%
1%
3%
2%
2
15
2%
1%
4%
1%
2
8
2%
1%
6%
1%
Commerce and retail
1
30
1%
2%
2%
1%
1
15
1%
1%
3%
3%
Other services
1
4
1%
0%
2%
0%
84
1,488
100%
100%
9%
4%
TOTAL
*Share of Italian investments in the total number of investments in each business sector.
Number
Host region
National share
Total share*
Projects
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
30
328
36%
22%
10%
4%
12
186
14%
13%
10%
9%
Languedoc-Roussillon-MidiPyrénées
7
347
8%
23%
10%
11%
Pays de la Loire
7
157
8%
11%
17%
8%
Normandie
6
180
7%
12%
18%
29%
5
86
6%
6%
9%
7%
4
74
5%
5%
5%
3%
Centre-Val de Loire
4
34
5%
2%
13%
6%
3
30
4%
2%
5%
81%
3
25
4%
2%
8%
8%
2
33
2%
2%
2%
2%
Bretagne (Brittany)
1
8
1%
1%
6%
4%
84
1,488
100%
100%
9%
3%
TOTAL
Key:
by Italian companies.
*Share of Italian investments in the total number of investments in each region.
JAPAN
JAPAN WAS THE LARGEST ASIAN INVESTOR IN FRANCE IN 2015,
WHERE ITS COMPANIES HAVE A LONG AND VARIED HISTORY.
FLOW
58
PROJECTS
(Business France)
968
JOBS
(Business France)
STOCK
More than
740
COMPANIES
IN FRANCE
(Business France Tokyo office
figures.)
More than
74,000
EMPLOYEES
(Business France Tokyo office
figures.)
€11.7
billion
10TH PLACE
(Banque de France*)
FRENCH EXPORTS:
€6.3 billion
JAPANESE COMPANIES
IN FRANCE
projects in Europe, preceded by the United
Kingdom (20%) and Germany (15%).1 There are over 740 Japanese companies
Japan was the fifth largest job-creating investor
in France in 2015, with 58 investments
Japanese investments were made primarily in
production/manufacturing operations (31%),
decision-making centers (29%), and business
services (21%). Japanese firms also accounted
for 22% of all foreign investment in decisionmaking centers (Global/European headquarters).
The automotive industry attracted 16%
of all Japanese investments in France,
followed by the electrical/electronic/IT
equipment sector (12%). Japanese firms also
accounted for 17% of all foreign investment
in the French automotive industry.
Japanese investments were most often located
OF JAPANESE INVESTMENT
IN EUROPE
In 2015, France was the joint third largest
recipient, with Spain, of job-creating investment
from Japan, receiving 14% of Japanese
SELECTED INVESTMENT
PROJECTS IN 2015
This world-leading manufacturer
of oil-based adhesives announced in 2015 that it
was acquiring French firm ABC Technology, based
in Gensac-La-Pallue (Aquitaine-Limousin-PoitouCharentes region). The company produces reeled,
molded and over-molded electrical components
and employs 180 people. At least thirty new
employees are expected to be recruited.
EAGLE INDUSTRY:
NTN CORPORATION: NTN-SNR, one of the world’s
leading players in the mechanical bearing market,
announced a €27 million investment to expand
its production facility in Argonay (AuvergneRhône-Alpes region). The company is to set up a
new 4000 sq. m. production line to manufacture
bearings exclusively for the aerospace industry.
The new line will be operational by the end of
2016 and will create 70 permanent positions.
This specialist in the production
of ingredients for cosmetics and health foods
set up its first European office in Levallois-Perret
(Ile de France / Paris region) in February 2015.
The subsidiary will cover not only Europe, but
also the Middle East, Africa and Russia.
IWASE COSFA:
1
TOP 5 JAPANESE COMPANIES BY EMPLOYMENT
IN FRANCE
Parent company
Workforce in France
TOYOTA MOTOR CORPORATION
Automotive industry
4,000-4,500
12TH PLACE
NTN CORPORATION
Automotive industry
4,000-4,500
NUMBER OF
COMPANIES
IN THE FORBES 2000:
RICOH CO. LTD.
3,500-4,000
JTEKT CORPORATION
Automotive industry
3,000-3,500
SUMITOMO RUBBER INDUSTRIES,
LTD.
Automotive industry
3,000-3,500
219
Number
Business activity
National share
Total share*
Projects
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
17
111
29%
11%
8%
3%
11
72
19%
7%
7%
5%
11%
6
39
10%
4%
22%
Logistics
2
72
3%
7%
3%
6%
Retail outlets
4
66
7%
7%
5%
3%
18
486
31%
50%
6%
3%
4
38
7%
4%
5%
2%
3
30
5%
3%
4%
2%
12
190
21%
20%
7%
3%
R&D
Business services
Consumer services
TOTAL
1
5
2%
1%
1%
0%
58
968
100%
100%
6%
3%
Key:
>>In 2015, 29% of Japanese
made by Japanese companies.
*Share of Japanese investments in the total number of investments in each business activity.
Number
Business sector
Projects
National share
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
Total share*
Projects
Jobs
Automotive industry
9
163
16%
17%
17%
6%
7
173
12%
18%
13%
17%
4
91
7%
9%
7%
6%
accessories
4
68
7%
7%
7%
5%
4
60
7%
6%
9%
7%
Chemicals, plastics
3
50
5%
5%
8%
6%
3
50
5%
5%
10%
5%
3
25
5%
3%
7%
4%
3
23
5%
2%
3%
1%
Perfumes, cosmetics
3
20
5%
2%
14%
8%
Commerce and retail
2
55
3%
6%
4%
2%
16%
2
49
3%
5%
11%
2
20
3%
2%
6%
0%
2
18
3%
2%
22%
9%
2
14
3%
1%
7%
1%
Other services
2
9
3%
1%
4%
1%
1
70
2%
7%
3%
5%
services
1
5
2%
1%
2%
0%
and devices
1
5
2%
1%
4%
2%
58
968
100%
100%
6%
3%
TOTAL
*Share of Japanese investments in the total number of investments in each business sector.
Key:
the automotive industry; 17% of
foreign investments in the
automotive industry were made
by Japanese companies.
Number
Host region
by Japanese companies.
Total share*
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
22
206
38%
21%
7%
2%
7
161
12%
17%
6%
5%
7
64
12%
7%
7%
2%
5
125
9%
13%
7%
1%
4
168
7%
17%
5%
8%
Pays de la Loire
4
64
7%
7%
10%
6%
3
80
5%
8%
5%
5%
Centre-Val de Loire
3
45
5%
5%
10%
6%
2
40
3%
4%
4%
4%
Normandie
1
15
2%
2%
3%
1%
58
968
100%
100%
6%
3%
Key:
National share
Projects
TOTAL
*Share of Japanese investments in the total number of investments in each region.
MAGHREB COUNTRIES
TWO INVESTMENTS WERE RECORDED IN FRANCE FROM
ALGERIA, MOROCCO AND TUNISIA IN 2015.
MAGHREB COMPANIES
IN FRANCE
SELECTED INVESTMENT
PROJECT IN 2015
There are over 700 companies from Algeria,
Morocco and Tunisia operating in France,
where they employ more than 6,400 people.
Two new Maghreb investments were recorded in
2015, creating or maintaining more than 16 jobs.
Investments were received in 2015 from Maghreb
investors based in Morocco and Algeria.
These companies invested primarily in decisionmaking centers and business services.
Both Maghreb investments were made in the
consulting, engineering and business services sector.
These investments were mainly located in the
Centre-Val de Loire and Bretagne (Brittany) regions.
This Algerian consulting and
research company specializes in a number of fields,
including animal nutrition, hygiene, agricultural
research and consulting, and supporting foreign
businesses investing in the Maghreb. With a view
to consolidating its international operations and
moving closer to its clients, NH2M Consulting
opened its first office outside Algeria in Rennes
(Bretagne / Brittany region) in April 2015.
NH2M CONSULTING:
1
FLOW
2
PROJECTS
(Business France)
16
JOBS
(Business France)
STOCK
More than
700
COMPANIES
IN FRANCE
(Orbis)
OF MAGHREB INVESTMENT
IN EUROPE
More than
6,400
EMPLOYEES
Job-creating investment in 2015 from Maghreb
countries in Europe remained very limited in number;
however, France was the leading recipient.1
(Orbis)
€1.6
billion
TOP 5 MAGHREB COMPANIES BY EMPLOYMENT
IN FRANCE
(Banque de France*)
FRENCH EXPORTS:
Parent company
Workforce in France
CEVITAL (Algeria)
Automotive industry
Transport, storage
1,000-2,000
INTELCIA GROUP (Morocco)
Consulting, engineering and business services 1,000-1,500
SNI (ATTIJARIWAFA BANK;
OPTORG) (Morocco)
500-600
€14.2 billion
NUMBER OF
COMPANIES
IN THE FORBES 2000:
3
GROUPE OUTSOURCIA (Morocco) Consulting, engineering and business services 200
JET ALU MAROC SA (Morocco)
100-200
DISTRIBUTION OF PROJECTS BY SOURCE COUNTRY
2014
Source country
Morocco
2015
Projects
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
4
165
1
15
1
1
2
16
Algeria
3
822
Tunisia
5
53
TOTAL
12
1,040
2014
Business activity
2015
Projects
Jobs
Projects
7
58
1
1
7
58
1
1
Jobs
4
832
Business services
1
150
1
15
12
1,040
2
16
Projects
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
3
171
2
16
739
16
TOTAL
2014
Business activity
2015
2
Other services
2
4
1
83
Medical/surgical equipment, diagnostics and devices
1
20
Automotive industry
1
10
Perfumes, cosmetics
1
8
TOTAL
1
5
12
1,040
2
Projects
Jobs
2014
2015
Business activity
Projects
Jobs
Centre-Val de Loire
5
992
Bretagne (Brittany)
3
2
13
1
20
1
10
12
1,040
15
1
2
16
5
TOTAL
1
1
NETHERLANDS
FRANCE WAS THE SECOND LARGEST EUROPEAN
RECIPIENT OF JOB-CREATING INVESTMENT FROM
THE NETHERLANDS IN 2015.
DUTCH COMPANIES IN FRANCE
There are 1,700 Dutch companies
Thirty-seven Dutch investments were
recorded in 2015, creating or
maintaining more than 950 jobs.
Investments by Dutch companies in 2015
were made primarily in production/
manufacturing operations (24%), business
services (24%) and retail outlets (22%).
Dutch investments had a tendency to be found
in the agri-food/agriculture/fishing (16%),
commerce/retail (16%) and consulting/
engineering/business services (14%) sectors.
Dutch projects were recorded across the country,
but mostly in Ile de France (Paris region) (38%)
and Aquitaine-Limousin-Poitou-Charentes (11%).
OF DUTCH INVESTMENT
IN EUROPE
FLOW
in Europe, preceded by the United Kingdom
(21%) but ahead of Germany (13%).1
SELECTED INVESTMENT
PROJECTS IN 2015
In late 2014, the Dutch
hotel group acquired a building near the Gare
de Lyon in Paris (Ile de France region) with
the aim of converting it into a hotel offering
‘accessible luxury’. The hotel is set to open in
early 2016 and will employ 80 people.
CITIZENM HOTELS:
VAROVA: Dutch investment company Varova
joined forces with fellow Dutch fund Nimbus,
Ghanaian manufacturer Plot, and entrepreneur
Arnaud Sabatier to take over La Chocolaterie de
Bourgogne, a chocolate firm which had filed for
bankruptcy protection in late October 2014. The
company, based in Dijon (Bourgogne-FrancheComté region), was renamed CB Chocolaterie de
Bourgogne and the takeover saved 185 jobs.
This Dutch family
business specializing in the design, installation
and maintenance of embedded electrical systems
for the shipbuilding industry decided to open its
first French office in Antibes (Provence-Alpes-Côte
d’Azur region). The office will have ten employees.
DE KEIZER MARINE ENGINEERING:
In 2015, France was the second largest
recipient of job-creating investment from the
Netherlands, attracting 16% of Dutch projects
1
37
PROJECTS
(Business France)
950
JOBS
(Business France)
STOCK
1,700
COMPANIES
IN FRANCE
(Orbis)
More than
200,000
EMPLOYEES
(Orbis)
€37.8
billion
7TH PLACE
(Banque de France*)
FRENCH EXPORTS:
TOP 5 DUTCH COMPANIES BY EMPLOYMENT
IN FRANCE
Parent company
Workforce in France
€17.4 billion
INGKA FOUNDATION (IKEA)
5,000-10,000
TNT EXPRESS N.V.
Transport, storage
4,500-5,000
HEINEKEN
4,000-4,500
RANDSTAD HOLDING NV
services
3,500-4,000
UNILEVER
2,500-3,000
8TH PLACE
NUMBER OF
COMPANIES
IN THE FORBES 2000:
25
Number
Business activity
>>In 2015, 24% of Dutch
made by Dutch companies.
Total share*
Projects
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
4
70
11%
7%
2%
2%
4
70
11%
7%
3%
5%
8
103
22%
11%
10%
5%
9
540
24%
57%
3%
3%
3
51
8%
5%
3%
3%
Retail outlets
Key:
National share
3
51
8%
5%
4%
3%
Business services
R&D
9
76
24%
8%
5%
1%
Consumer services
4
110
11%
12%
6%
5%
37
950
100%
100%
4%
3%
TOTAL
*Share of Dutch investments in the total number of investments in each business activity.
Number
Business sector
Key:
>>In 2015, 16% of Dutch
the agri-food, agriculture and
fishing sector; 11% of foreign
investments in the agri-food,
agriculture and fishing sector
were made by Dutch companies.
National share
Total share*
Projects
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
6
439
16%
46%
11%
27%
Commerce and retail
6
63
16%
7%
12%
2%
5
80
14%
8%
8%
6%
4
110
11%
12%
14%
8%
4
28
11%
3%
3%
1%
3
115
8%
12%
9%
12%
Perfumes, cosmetics
2
40
5%
4%
10%
17%
1
26
3%
3%
3%
0%
Transport, storage
1
18
3%
2%
2%
1%
1
10
3%
1%
3%
1%
Other services
1
6
3%
1%
2%
1%
Automotive industry
1
5
3%
1%
2%
0%
1
5
3%
1%
2%
0%
TOTAL
1
5
3%
1%
3%
0%
37
950
100%
100%
4%
3%
*Share of Dutch investments in the total number of investments in each business sector.
Number
Host region
Key:
>>In 2015, 38% of Dutch
by Dutch companies.
National share
Projects
Jobs
14
4
Total share*
Projects
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
224
38%
24%
5%
2%
78
11%
8%
7%
8%
25%
3
240
8%
25%
8%
3
146
8%
15%
3%
4%
3
17
8%
2%
4%
1%
2
108
5%
11%
3%
1%
Normandie
2
32
5%
3%
6%
2%
2
32
5%
3%
2%
1%
Bretagne (Brittany)
1
45
3%
5%
6%
22%
Pays de la Loire
1
10
3%
1%
2%
1%
1
10
3%
1%
2%
1%
Centre-Val de Loire
TOTAL
1
8
3%
1%
3%
1%
37
950
100%
100%
4%
3%
*Share of Dutch investments in the total number of investments in each region.
NORWAY
NORWEGIAN INVESTMENTS IN FRANCE
REMAIN LIMITED IN NUMBER.
NORWEGIAN COMPANIES IN
FRANCE
SELECTED INVESTMENT
PROJECTS IN 2015
There are 150 Norwegian companies
Seven new investments from Norway
maintaining 190 jobs in France.
These projects mainly involved
decision-making centers (43% of all
Norwegian investments in France).
Norwegian companies invested mainly in
the construction/building materials and
software/IT services sectors (both accounting
for 29% of Norwegian investments).
Norwegian investments were mostly made
VIZRT:
OF NORWEGIAN INVESTMENT
IN EUROPE
Norwegian software company Vizrt
offers a range of real-time 3D graphics products
and services as well as online publication
tools for major publishers and broadcasters.
In 2015, the firm decided to open an office in
Paris (Ile de France region), having previously
been represented in France via a distributor.
The office is expected to recruit 15 people.
SCHIBSTED: France’s leading free classified ads
website LeBonCoin.fr announced in 2015 that
it was creating a new call center and recruiting
80 customer advisors. The office was opened
in Reims (Alsace-Champagne-Ardenne-Lorraine
region) and is the firm’s third French facility,
after its Paris HQ and its center in Montceaules-Mines (Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region).
1
FLOW
7
PROJECTS
(Business France)
190
JOBS
(Business France)
STOCK
150
COMPANIES
IN FRANCE
(Orbis)
More than
3,200
EMPLOYEES
In 2015, the leading recipient of Norwegian
job-creating investment in Europe was
the United Kingdom (26%), followed by
France (11%) and Lithuania (11%).
(Orbis)
€2.3
billion
17TH PLACE
(Banque de France*)
FRENCH EXPORTS:
€1.5 billion
TOP 5 NORWEGIAN COMPANIES BY EMPLOYMENT
IN FRANCE
Parent company
Workforce in France
SAPA SA
2,000
MARINE HARVEST ASA
1,000
YARA INTERNATIONAL ASA
Chemicals, plastics
700-800
NUMBER OF
COMPANIES
IN THE FORBES 2000:
NORSKE SKOGINDUSTRIER ASA Glass, ceramics, minerals, wood, paper
400-500
SCHIBSTED ASA (LeBonCoin.fr)
300-400
Other services
45TH PLACE
8
Number
Business activity
Key:
>>In 2015, 43% of Norwegian
made by Norwegian companies.
National share
Total share*
Projects
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
3
35
43%
18%
1%
1%
2
20
29%
11%
1%
1%
French headquarters
1
15
14%
8%
4%
1%
Logistics
1
50
14%
26%
2%
5%
1
15
14%
8%
0%
0%
1
10
14%
5%
1%
1%
Business services
1
80
14%
42%
1%
1%
7
190
100%
100%
1%
1%
TOTAL
*Share of Norwegian investments in the total number of investments in each business activity.
Number
Business sector
Key:
the construction/building
materials sector; 7% of foreign
investments in the construction/
building materials sector were
made by Norwegian companies.
National share
Total share*
Projects
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
2
60
29%
32%
7%
11%
2
25
29%
13%
2%
1%
services
1
80
14%
42%
2%
6%
1
15
14%
8%
3%
2%
1
10
14%
5%
5%
3%
7
190
100%
100%
1%
1%
TOTAL
*Share of Norwegian investments in the total number of investments in each business sector.
Number
Host region
Key:
by Norwegian companies.
National share
Total share*
Projects
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
4
45
57%
24%
1%
0%
1
80
14%
42%
1%
2%
1
50
14%
26%
1%
2%
Centre-Val de Loire
1
15
14%
8%
3%
2%
7
190
100%
100%
1%
1%
TOTAL
*Share of Norwegian investments in the total number of investments in each region.
POLAND
TWO POLISH INVESTMENTS
WERE RECORDED IN FRANCE IN 2015,
CREATING OR MAINTAINING 52 JOBS.
POLISH COMPANIES IN FRANCE
There are 40 Polish companies operating in
France, where they employ more than 600 people.
Two Polish investments were recorded in
2015, creating or maintaining 52 jobs.
These investments were made in a production/
manufacturing facility and a business services
location, and involved the automotive industry
and the software/IT services sector.
Geographically, they were located
in the Bourgogne-Franche-Comté and
Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes regions.
FLOW
SELECTED INVESTMENT
PROJECT IN 2015
This Polish trailer and semi-trailer
manufacturer acquired a 65.31% equity stake
in Fruehauf, the leading French player in the
sector, for €9 million. The acquisition was guided
by the President of Fruehauf, and a complete
transfer of ownership is planned after 2017. The
recruitment of 50 personnel was also announced.
WIELTON:
1
2
PROJECTS
(Business France)
52
JOBS
(Business France)
STOCK
40
COMPANIES
OF POLISH INVESTMENT
IN EUROPE
IN FRANCE
(Orbis)
More than
600
EMPLOYEES
In 2015, the Czech Republic was the leading
recipient of job-creating investment from Poland,
attracting 25% of Polish projects in Europe,
ahead of Hungary (17%), and then France,
Germany and the United Kingdom (8% each).1
(Orbis)
€184
million
39TH PLACE
(Banque de France*)
TOP 5 POLISH COMPANIES BY EMPLOYMENT
IN FRANCE
FRENCH EXPORTS:
€7.8 billion
Parent company
Workforce in France
PLASTIWELL
Chemicals, plastics
300-400
10TH PLACE
MR R. K. KARKOSIK – BORYSZEW
(MAFLOW FRANCE)
Chemicals, plastics
150-200
SANOK RUBBER COMPANY S.A.
Chemicals, plastics
40-50
NUMBER OF
COMPANIES
IN THE FORBES 2000:
MR L. PIOTROWSKI – UNIA SP. (AGRISEM
INTERNATIONAL)
Commerce and retail
40-50
COMARCH S.A.
40-50
6
2014
Business activity
2015
Projects
Jobs
1
50
Business services
1
2
2
52
TOTAL
Projects
Jobs
4
64
4
64
4
64
2014
Business sector
Projects
2015
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
Automotive industry
1
50
1
2
2
52
2
30
Transport, storage
1
30
1
4
4
64
TOTAL
2014
Host region
Projects
Jobs
1
50
1
2
2
52
TOTAL
Projects
2015
Jobs
4
64
4
64
PORTUGAL
TWO PORTUGUESE INVESTMENTS WERE RECORDED IN
FRANCE IN 2015, CREATING OR MAINTAINING 60 JOBS.
PORTUGUESE COMPANIES
IN FRANCE
SELECTED INVESTMENT
PROJECTS IN 2015
There are over 350 Portuguese companies
Two Portuguese investments were recorded
Both investment projects were in
production/manufacturing operations.
These projects involved the construction/
building materials and glass/ceramics/
minerals/wood/paper sectors, and were
located in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes and
Bourgogne-Franche-Comté regions.
RENOVA:
OF PORTUGUESE INVESTMENT
IN EUROPE
job-creating investment from Portugal, attracting
33% of Portuguese projects in Europe, ahead of
Spain (25%) and the United Kingdom (17%).
This Portuguese specialist in hygiene
products (toilet paper, paper tissues, paper
towels), which is part of France’s largest
supply chains, is expanding its operations in
the French market by establishing a base in
Saint-Yorre (Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region).
The construction of its first production facility
outside Portugal will create 30 jobs.
This Portuguese manufacturer of
prefabricated concrete structures is setting up a site
in La Machine (Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region),
investing €3 million to create VGB Préfabriqués
in the Fontaines Douces business park. This
new central location will help the company to
serve its leading customers better. Thirty jobs are
expected to be created within the next year.
VIGOBLOCO:
1
FLOW
2
PROJECTS
(Business France)
60
JOBS
(Business France)
STOCK
More than
350
COMPANIES
IN FRANCE
(Orbis)
More than
5,000
EMPLOYEES
(Orbis)
€2.4
billion
TOP 5 PORTUGUESE COMPANIES BY EMPLOYMENT
IN FRANCE
16TH PLACE
(Banque de France*)
Parent company
Workforce in France
PROMEUROPA - GESTÃO E SERVIÇOS
Other services
1,000-2,000
GRUPO VISABEIRA (CONSTRUCTEL)
500-1,000
INAPA - INVESTIMENTOS,
PARTICIPAÇOES E GESTAO, S.A.
Commerce and retail
200-300
FUNDO DE RESOLUÇÃO (BANQUE
ESPIRITO SANTO)
Financial services, banking and
insurance
150-200
LIZMONTAGENS THERMAL
TECHNOLOGIES S.A. (FERBECK ET
FUMITHERM)
Machinery and mechanical equipmen
100 - 200
FRENCH EXPORTS:
€4.2 billion
20TH PLACE
NUMBER OF
COMPANIES
IN THE FORBES 2000:
6
2014
Business activity
2015
Projects
Jobs
4
23
4
23
1
5
TOTAL
Projects
Jobs
49
2
60
72
2
60
2014
Business sector
2015
Projects
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
2
17
1
30
1
30
2
60
1
49
Automotive industry
1
5
1
1
5
72
TOTAL
2014
Host region
2015
Projects
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
1
5
1
30
1
30
2
60
2
6
1
49
1
12
5
72
TOTAL
RUSSIA
THE NUMBER OF RUSSIAN COMPANIES OPERATING
IN FRANCE IS ON THE RISE.
RUSSIAN COMPANIES IN FRANCE
There are 80 Russian companies
Eight Russian investments were recorded in
2015, creating or maintaining 138 jobs.
The number of Russian companies operating
in France increased, with two decision-making
centers (both first-time investments) in France, while
other projects involved consumer services (63%)
and production/manufacturing operations (13%).
In 2015, Russian firms invested primarily in
the other services (38%) and hotels/tourism/
restaurants (38%) sectors, having invested in
2014 in the consulting/engineering/business
services, electrical/electronic/IT equipment
and hotels/tourism/restaurants sectors.
Ile de France (Paris region) attracted half
of all Russian investments in France.
OF RUSSIAN INVESTMENT
IN EUROPE
from Russia (18% of the total), followed the
United Kingdom and Poland (11% each). 1
FLOW
SELECTED INVESTMENT
PROJECTS IN 2015
8
PROJECTS
Russian subsidiary Advanced
Wire Technologies (AWT), a joint venture between
Rosnano and Terwingo specializing in researching,
developing and manufacturing steel wire, decided
to develop the Sodetal plant it acquired in 2014 in
Tronville-en-Barrois (Alsace-Champagne-Ardenne
Lorraine region). After saving 150 jobs in 2014,
a further 50 positions are now to be created.
CUTTING EDGE-AWT:
The Russian nuclear specialist
announced in late 2014 that it was opening a
regional office in Paris (Ile de France region)
in a move to further cooperation with French
and European partners. With a planned
workforce of 10 people, the office will be the
firm’s third in Europe, after Prague and Kiev.
ROSATOM:
1
(Business France)
138
JOBS
(Business France)
STOCK
80
COMPANIES
IN FRANCE
(Business France Moscow office
figures)
More than
4,000
EMPLOYEES
(Orbis)
In 2015, Russian companies made investments
in 16 European countries. Germany was
the leading recipient of job-creating projects
€1.5
billion
24TH PLACE
TOP 5 RUSSIAN COMPANIES BY EMPLOYMENT
IN FRANCE
(Banque de France*)
FRENCH EXPORTS:
€4.5 billion
Parent company
Workforce in
France
RZHD - CHEMINS DE FER RUSSE (GEFCO)
Transport, storage
3,000-4,000
MR V. F. VEKSELBERG (SULZER POMPES)
150-200
CUTTING EDGE-AWT (SODETAL)
200
KASPERSKY LAB
50-100
NUMBER OF
COMPANIES
IN THE FORBES 2000:
MR T. GORYAYEV (SPIRIT FRANCE)
50-100
ICC (CHOCOLATERIE DE PROVENCE)
50-100
19TH PLACE
27
Number
Key:
>>In 2015, 63% of Russian
consumer services; 7% of foreign
investments in consumer
services were made by Russian
companies.
National share
Total share*
Projects
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
2
55
25%
40%
1%
1%
2
55
25%
40%
1%
4%
1
50
13%
36%
0%
0%
Consumer services
5
33
63%
24%
7%
1%
8
138
100%
100%
1%
0%
TOTAL
*Share of Russian investments in the total number of investments in each business activity.
Number
Business sector
Key:
investments in France were in the
hotels, tourism and restaurants
in the hotels, tourism and
restaurants sector were made by
Russian companies.
Projects
National share
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
Total share*
Projects
Jobs
Other services
3
57
38%
41%
7%
7%
3
21
38%
15%
11%
2%
1
50
13%
36%
3%
5%
1
10
13%
7%
2%
2%
8
138
100%
100%
1%
0%
TOTAL
*Share of Russian investments in the total number of investments in each business sector.
Number
Host region
Key:
by Russian companies.
National share
Total share*
Projects
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
4
80
50%
58%
1%
1%
1
50
13%
36%
1%
1%
1
4
13%
3%
3%
0%
Bretagne (Brittany)
1
2
13%
1%
6%
1%
1
2
13%
1%
1%
0%
8
138
100%
100%
1%
0%
TOTAL
*Share of Russian investments in the total number of investments in each region.
SOUTH AFRICA
DESPITE THE POTENTIAL OF THE SOUTH AFRICAN ECONOMY,
INVESTMENTS IN FRANCE REMAIN FEW IN NUMBER.
SOUTH AFRICAN COMPANIES
IN FRANCE
SELECTED INVESTMENT
PROJECT IN 2015
There are nearly 30 South African companies
operating in France, where they employ more
than 8,500 people. Since 2014, four South
African investments have been recorded in
France, creating or maintaining 164 jobs.
Projects over the last two years were mainly in
logistics operations (50%) and were made by
companies in the transport/storage sector (50%),
while the most popular region for these investments
was Alsace-Champagne-Ardenne-Lorraine (50%).
Back in 2014, Panopa
inaugurated a Plant
Consolidation Center for Smart France in Hambach
(Alsace-Champagne-Ardenne-Lorraine region),
creating 60 jobs. This South African service
provider, responsible for storing parts, handling
empty packaging, transporting mobile containers
and just-in-time delivery, then continued to expand
in 2015, recruiting an extra 40 people at the site.
IMPERIAL HOLDINGS:
Logistique France
1
FLOW
1
PROJECT
(Business France)
40
JOBS
(Business France)
STOCK
More than
20
COMPANIES
OF SOUTH AFRICAN
INVESTMENT IN EUROPE
IN FRANCE
(Orbis)
In 2015, South African investments in Europe were
made primarily in the United Kingdom (55%).1
More than
8,500
EMPLOYEES
(Orbis)
€6
billion
(Banque de France*)
TOP 5 SOUTH AFRICAN COMPANIES BY EMPLOYMENT
IN FRANCE
FRENCH EXPORTS:
Parent company
Workforce in France
STEINHOFF INTERNATIONAL
HOLDINGS LTD.
Commerce and retail
8,000-10,000
IMPERIAL HOLDINGS LTD.
Transport, storage
50-100
SAPPI LTD.
20-30
BELL EQUIPMENT LTD.
Automotive industry
20-30
REMGRO-CAPEVIN BELEGGINGS
Commerce and retail
(PTY) LTD.
€1.8 billion
43RD PLACE
NUMBER OF
COMPANIES
IN THE FORBES 2000:
13
20-30
2014
Business activity
2015
Projects
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
Logistics
1
60
1
40
1
50
Business services
1
14
3
124
1
40
TOTAL
2014
Business sector
2015
Projects
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
Transport, storage
1
60
1
40
Pharmaceuticals and
biotechnologies
2
64
3
124
1
40
TOTAL
2014
Host region
2015
Projects
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
1
60
1
40
Normandie
1
50
1
14
3
124
1
40
TOTAL
SOUTH KOREA
2015 SAW A GROWING NUMBER OF SOUTH KOREAN
COMPANIES OPERATING IN FRANCE.
SOUTH KOREAN COMPANIES
IN FRANCE
SELECTED INVESTMENT
PROJECTS IN 2015
There are over forty South Korean
companies operating in France, where
In 2015, five new investment projects were recorded
from South Korea, creating or maintaining 99 jobs.
South Korean companies invested primarily
in R&D activities (40%), while there was also
one project involving a decision-making center,
corresponding to a first-time investment in France.
Sector-wise, there was no little diversity; one
in five South Korean investments in France
were in the transport/storage sector, while
the most popular region for investors was
Ile de France (Paris region) (40%).
LG ELECTRONICS:
OF SOUTH KOREAN
INVESTMENT IN EUROPE
In 2015, France was the joint second
leading recipient, along with Slovakia
and the Czech Republic, of job-creating
investment from South Korea, attracting
16% of all South Korean projects in Europe,
preceded by the United Kingdom (21%).1
Created in 2004, LG Hi Logistics
is the logistics services subsidiary of Korean firm
LG, which has decided to keep the transportation,
storage and distribution of its electronic products
in-house whenever possible. LG Hi Logistics
officially began operating in Combs-la-Ville (Ile de
France / Paris region) in early December 2015,
in a warehouse spanning some 15,000 sq. m. An
initial investment of €10 million is planned, along
with the recruitment of 50 full-time personnel.
This South Korean conglomerate
established the first French base of its energy
subsidiary Doosan Power Systems. The team in
Aix-en-Provence (Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur
region) will focus primarily on non-destructive
testing of nuclear power plants. Around twenty
jobs will be created, mainly for engineers
specializing in the field. The fact that a number
of British and Korean companies were already
established in the area due to the ITER project was
a decisive factor in the firm’s choice of location.
DOOSAN GROUP:
1
FLOW
5
PROJECTS
(Business France)
99
JOBS
(Business France)
STOCK
More than
40
COMPANIES
IN FRANCE
(Orbis)
More than
4,000
EMPLOYEES
(Orbis)
€597
million
30TH PLACE
(Banque de France*)
TOP 5 SOUTH KOREAN COMPANIES
BY EMPLOYMENT IN FRANCE
FRENCH EXPORTS:
Parent company
Workforce in France
STX OFFSHORE &
SHIPBUILDING CO., LTD.
2,000-2,500
SAMSUNG ELECTRONICS
CO., LTD.
500-600
DOOSAN CORP.
400-500
LG ELECTRONICS INC.
200-300
AMOREPACIFIC
Perfumes, cosmetics
50-100
€4.8 billion
16TH PLACE
NUMBER OF
COMPANIES
IN THE FORBES 2000:
66
Number
Business activity
Key:
>>In 2015, 40% of South
Korean investments in France
were in R&D/engineering/
design activities; 2% of foreign
investments in R&D/engineering/
design activities were made by
South Korean companies.
National share
Total share*
Projects
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
1
4
20%
4%
0%
0%
1
4
20%
4%
1%
0%
Logistics
1
50
20%
51%
2%
5%
Retail outlets
1
10
20%
10%
1%
0%
2
35
40%
35%
2%
2%
R&D
2
35
40%
35%
3%
2%
TOTAL
5
99
100%
100%
1%
0%
*Share of South Korean investments in the total number of investments in each business activity
Number
Business sector
Key:
>>In 2015, 20% of South Korean
the transport/storage sector;
the transport/storage sector
were made by South Korean
companies.
National share
Total share*
Projects
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
Transport, storage
1
50
20%
51%
2%
4%
1
20
20%
20%
2%
3%
1
15
20%
15%
1%
0%
1
10
20%
10%
2%
1%
and devices
1
4
20%
4%
4%
2%
5
99
100%
100%
1%
0%
TOTAL
*Share of South Korean investments in the total number of investments in each business sector.
Number
Host region
Key:
>>In 2015, 40% of South Korean
by South Korean companies.
Projects
National share
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
Total share*
Projects
Jobs
2
60
40%
61%
1%
1%
1
20
20%
20%
2%
1%
Normandie
1
15
20%
15%
3%
1%
1
4
20%
4%
1%
0%
5
99
100%
100%
1%
0%
TOTAL
*Share of South Korean investments in the total number of investments in each region.
SPAIN
FRANCE WAS THE LEADING EUROPEAN RECIPIENT OF JOBCREATING INVESTMENT FROM SPAIN IN 2015.
SPANISH COMPANIES IN FRANCE
There are over 1,300 Spanish companies
Forty-four new investments from Spain
or maintaining 605 jobs.
Investments by Spanish companies were made
primarily in business services (25%) and retail
outlets (23%); 13% of all foreign investments in
retail outlets were made by Spanish firms. There
were also five first-time investments in France.
Twenty-three percent of Spanish projects were in
the textiles sector, where they accounted for 17%
of all foreign investments, while Ile de France
(Paris region) attracted 39% of Spanish projects.
SPANISH INVESTMENT IN
EUROPE
of job-creating investment from Spain,
attracting 33% of Spanish projects in Europe,
ahead of the United Kingdom (26%).
SELECTED INVESTMENT
PROJECTS IN 2015
Spain’s leading insurance firm, Mapfre,
which has had operations in the Ile de France/
Paris and Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes regions for a
number of years, is planning to further develop
its insurance and reinsurance services by hiring
an additional 75 personnel at its Paris site.
MAPFRE:
The Spanish hotel
group signed an agreement to build a 266-room,
four-star hotel on land belonging to Aéroports de
Paris, its seventh hotel in the Ile de France region. The
hotel, developed by French group Vinci Immobilier,
will open for business in early 2018 and will be the
first in France to be launched under the Innside by
Melià brand. The project will generate 75 new jobs.
MELIA HOTELS INTERNATIONAL:
Francisco Ruiz Gonzalez chose
France, and specifically Strasbourg (AlsaceChampagne-Ardenne-Lorraine) as the location for his
new building materials company, Keey Aerogel. The
Spanish entrepreneur’s first investment in France is
worth €15 million and will fund the development of
a new silica aerogel insulation material for buildings.
It will eventually create around twenty jobs.
KEEY AEROGEL:
1
FLOW
44
PROJECTS
(Business France)
605
JOBS
(Business France)
STOCK
More than
1,300
COMPANIES
IN FRANCE
(Orbis)
More than
60,000
EMPLOYEES
(Orbis)
€16.8
billion
9TH PLACE
(Banque de France*)
FRENCH EXPORTS:
TOP 5 SPANISH COMPANIES BY EMPLOYMENT
IN FRANCE
Parent company
Workforce in France
INDITEX
and accessories
7,000-8,000
PROSEGUR COMPANIA DE
SEGURIDAD S.A.
4,000-4,500
GRUPO AMADEUS
3,500-4,000
ABERTIS INFRAESTRUCTURAS, S.A. Construction, building materials
3,000-3,500
PLANETA
2,000-2,500
Other services
€32.5 billion
3RD PLACE
NUMBER OF
COMPANIES
IN THE FORBES 2000:
27
Number
Business activity
Projects
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
6
47
14%
8%
3%
1%
5
40
11%
7%
3%
3%
French Headquarters
1
7
2%
1%
4%
0%
5
38
11%
6%
9%
3%
Retail outlets
>>In 2015, 14% of Spanish
made by Spanish companies.
Total share*
Projects
Logistics
Key:
National share
Jobs
10
71
23%
12%
13%
3%
6
87
14%
14%
2%
1%
1
20
2%
3%
1%
1%
R&D
Business services
Consumer services
TOTAL
1
20
2%
3%
1%
1%
11
226
25%
37%
6%
4%
5
116
11%
19%
7%
5%
44
605
100%
100%
5%
2%
*Share of Spanish investments in the total number of investments in each business activity.
Number
Business sector
accessories
Key:
the textiles, industrial textiles,
clothing and accessories sector;
textiles, industrial textiles,
clothing and accessories sector
were made by Spanish
companies.
National share
Total share*
Projects
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
10
71
23%
12%
17%
6%
Commerce and retail
5
30
11%
5%
10%
1%
3
161
7%
27%
15%
42%
3
33
7%
5%
10%
6%
Other services
3
6
7%
1%
7%
1%
Chemicals, plastics
2
32
5%
5%
5%
4%
Transport, storage
2
30
5%
5%
4%
2%
2
20
5%
3%
4%
2%
2
19
5%
3%
11%
6%
services
2
15
5%
2%
3%
1%
2
11
5%
2%
6%
1%
1
75
2%
12%
4%
6%
1
36
2%
6%
3%
1%
1
30
2%
5%
2%
2%
1
15
2%
2%
20%
29%
Perfumes, cosmetics
1
10
2%
2%
5%
4%
1
7
2%
1%
2%
1%
Automotive industry
1
2
2%
0%
2%
0%
1
2
2%
0%
3%
0%
44
605
100%
100%
5%
2%
TOTAL
*Share of Spanish investments in the total number of investments in each business sector.
Number
Host region
National share
Total share*
Projects
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
17
323
39%
53%
5%
3%
5
47
11%
8%
7%
2%
5
34
11%
6%
9%
2%
4
78
9%
13%
7%
8%
4
25
9%
4%
3%
1%
3
26
7%
4%
8%
3%
2
22
5%
4%
2%
1%
1
20
2%
3%
1%
0%
Centre-Val de Loire
1
12
2%
2%
3%
2%
Pays de la Loire
1
10
2%
2%
2%
1%
Bretagne (Brittany)
1
8
2%
1%
6%
4%
44
605
100%
100%
5%
2%
TOTAL
Key:
by Spanish companies.
*Share of Spanish investments in the total number of investments in each region.
SWEDEN
SWEDISH INVESTMENTS IN FRANCE REMAINED BUOYANT
IN 2015, WITH 21 NEW INVESTMENT DECISIONS.
FLOW
21
PROJECTS
(Business France)
435
JOBS
(Business France)
STOCK
More than
560
COMPANIES
IN FRANCE
(Orbis)
More than
SWEDISH COMPANIES
IN FRANCE
There are over 560 Swedish companies
Twenty-one Swedish investments were recorded
These Swedish projects primarily involved
decision-making centers (33%), consumer
services (19%) and retail outlets (19%).
Nineteen percent of Swedish investments
were in the machinery and mechanical
equipment sector, and 14% in the medical/
surgical equipment, diagnostics and devices
sector, in which Swedish companies accounted
for 13% of all foreign investment.
Swedish companies invested primarily
in Ile de France (Paris region), which
attracted 38% of Swedish investments.
95,000
EMPLOYEES
OF SWEDISH INVESTMENT
IN EUROPE
of job-creating investment from Sweden,
(Orbis)
€4.9
billion
13TH PLACE
(Banque de France*)
FRENCH EXPORTS:
€5.2 billion
15TH PLACE
NUMBER OF
COMPANIES
IN THE FORBES 2000:
24
attracting 20% of Swedish projects in Europe,
ahead of the United Kingdom (14%) as well
as Germany, Poland and Finland (8% each).
SELECTED INVESTMENT
PROJECTS IN 2015
ICOMERA: A leading player in wireless
connectivity solutions for the transport sector,
Icomera is investing in France, one of Europe’s
most promising markets in its field. This Swedish
company opened a regional office in Paris (Ile de
France region) with a view to serving the French
and Benelux markets. Fifteen jobs will be created.
SWEREA: This Swedish firm specializing in
corrosion testing in natural and laboratory
conditions is increasing the workforce at its
Brest laboratory (Bretagne / Brittany region)
by recruiting three new R&D personnel.
MUNKSJÖ: This Swedish high value-added paper
specialist is to build a new storage center at its
Rottersac site (Aquitaine-Limousin-Poitou-Charentes
region). The center will span 9,100 sq. m. and
will be used to store the products manufactured
on-site. Twenty jobs will be created in all.
1
TOP 5 SWEDISH COMPANIES BY EMPLOYMENT
IN FRANCE
Parent company
Workforce in France
SECURITAS AB
15,000-20,000
AB VOLVO
Automotive industry
5,000-10,000
IKEA
9,000
HENNES & MAURITZ AB
and accessories
Commerce and retail
6,000
NORDIC CAPITAL SVENSKA
AKTIEBOLAG (Capio)
Other services
5,000
(immediate investor) as of December 31, 2014 was €5 billion.
Number
Business activity
National share
Total share*
Projects
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
7
95
33%
22%
3%
2%
3
35
14%
8%
2%
2%
Global / European
headquarters
2
25
10%
6%
7%
7%
French headquarters
2
35
10%
8%
8%
1%
Logistics
1
20
5%
5%
2%
2%
Retail outlets
4
126
19%
29%
5%
6%
3
121
14%
28%
1%
1%
2
23
10%
5%
2%
1%
R&D
Business services
TOTAL
1
3
5%
1%
1%
0%
4
50
19%
11%
2%
1%
21
435
100%
100%
2%
1%
Key:
>>In 2015, 33% of Swedish
made by Swedish companies.
*Share of Swedish investments in the total number of investments in each business activity.
Number
Business sector
National share
Total share*
Projects
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
4
51
19%
12%
9%
6%
devices
3
40
14%
9%
13%
16%
accessories
2
120
10%
28%
3%
10%
2
65
10%
15%
6%
1%
2
25
10%
6%
2%
1%
1
46
5%
11%
3%
3%
1
30
5%
7%
3%
3%
Commerce and retail
1
15
5%
3%
2%
0%
1
15
5%
3%
20%
29%
1
10
5%
2%
2%
1%
Automotive industry
1
10
5%
2%
2%
0%
1
5
5%
1%
13%
1%
1
3
5%
1%
3%
0%
21
435
100%
100%
2%
1%
TOTAL
Key:
the machinery and mechanical
investments in the machinery
and mechanical equipment
sector were made by Swedish
companies.
*Share of Swedish investments in the total number of investments in each business sector.
Number
Host region
Key:
by Swedish companies.
National share
Total share*
Projects
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
8
90
38%
21%
3%
1%
3
130
14%
30%
5%
8%
3
66
14%
15%
3%
2%
Centre-Val de Loire
2
50
10%
11%
6%
7%
1
46
5%
11%
3%
5%
1
20
5%
5%
1%
0%
1
20
5%
5%
2%
2%
Normandie
1
10
5%
2%
3%
1%
Bretagne (Brittany)
1
3
5%
1%
6%
1%
21
435
100%
100%
2%
1%
TOTAL
*Share of Swedish investments in the total number of investments in each region.
SWITZERLAND
THIRTY-SEVEN SWISS INVESTMENTS WERE RECORDED IN
FRANCE IN 2015, CREATING OR MAINTAINING 706 JOBS.
SWISS COMPANIES IN FRANCE
There are over 1,600 Swiss companies
Thirty-seven investment decisions
maintaining more than 700 jobs.
Swiss investors focused on production/
manufacturing operations (41%) in 2015,
followed by R&D, engineering and design
(19%) and business services (14%).
Swiss companies invested primarily in the
electrical/electronic/IT equipment (14%),
pharmaceuticals/biotechnologies (11%)
and software/IT services (11%) sectors.
Ile de France (Paris region) (19%), LanguedocRoussillon-Midi-Pyrénées (14%) and AuvergneRhône-Alpes (14%) were the leading recipients.
OF SWISS INVESTMENT
IN EUROPE
In 2015, France was the leading recipient of jobcreating investment from Switzerland, attracting
19% of Swiss projects in Europe, ahead of the
United Kingdom (16%) and Germany (15%).1
SELECTED INVESTMENT
PROJECTS IN 2015
Swiss software development
and consulting firm SMA & Associés opened
an office in Paris (Ile de France) in 2015.
The company specializes in railway system
planning, process consulting, operational
optimization, software development and IT
services. Fifteen new positions are to be created.
SMA & ASSOCIES:
As part of its development, the Swiss
railway and road transport company (which
operates the Mont Blanc Express) is vying to
operate Alpine transport services between
France and Switzerland. To this end, it
established a base in Chamonix (AuvergneRhône-Alpes region), creating 30 jobs.
FLOW
37
PROJECTS
(Business France)
706
JOBS
(Business France)
TMR:
This Swiss pharmaceuticals group
decided to bring all of its operations in Ile
de France (Paris region) together at a new
site in Rueil-Malmaison. The site will also
house a research center and a new entity
specializing in preclinical research. The
expansion will create 50 new R&D jobs.
NOVARTIS:
1
STOCK
1,600
COMPANIES
IN FRANCE
(Orbis)
More than
176,000
EMPLOYEES
(Orbis)
€59.6
billion
4TH PLACE
(Banque de France*)
FRENCH EXPORTS:
€13.8 billion
TOP 5 SWISS COMPANIES BY EMPLOYMENT
IN FRANCE
Parent company
Workforce in France
NESTLE S.A.
15,000-20,000
STMICROELECTRONICS
9,000-10,000
KÜHNE HOLDING AG
Transport, storage
9,000-10,000
ADECCO S.A.
5,000-6,000
LAFARGEHOLCIM LTD.
5,000-6,000
9TH PLACE
NUMBER OF
COMPANIES
IN THE FORBES 2000:
46
Number
Business activity
National share
Total share*
Projects
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
3
10
8%
1%
1%
0%
3
10
8%
1%
2%
1%
Logistics
1
25
3%
4%
2%
2%
Retail outlets
3
93
8%
13%
4%
4%
15
349
41%
49%
5%
2%
7
118
19%
17%
8%
7%
6
103
16%
15%
9%
7%
Business services
5
41
14%
6%
3%
1%
Consumer services
3
70
8%
10%
4%
3%
37
706
100%
100%
4%
2%
R&D
TOTAL
Key:
>>In 2015, 41% of Swiss
made by Swiss companies.
*Share of Swiss investments in the total number of investments in each business activity.
Number
Business sector
National share
Total share*
Projects
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
5
105
14%
15%
9%
10%
4
95
11%
13%
14%
9%
4
18
11%
3%
3%
0%
Transport, storage
3
85
8%
12%
6%
6%
Commerce and retail
2
83
5%
12%
4%
2%
2
57
5%
8%
4%
6%
2
45
5%
6%
6%
1%
2
42
5%
6%
6%
4%
services
2
30
5%
4%
3%
2%
accessories
2
15
5%
2%
3%
1%
1
69
3%
10%
3%
4%
Perfumes, cosmetics
1
15
3%
2%
5%
6%
Automotive industry
1
12
3%
2%
2%
0%
Chemicals, plastics
1
10
3%
1%
3%
1%
1
10
3%
1%
4%
1%
1
10
3%
1%
5%
3%
1
3
3%
0%
5%
1%
1
1
3%
0%
3%
0%
and devices
1
1
3%
0%
4%
0%
37
706
100%
100%
4%
2%
TOTAL
*Share of Swiss investments in the total number of investments in each business sector.
Key:
>>In 2015, 14% of Swiss
the electrical/electronic/IT
investments in the electrical/
electronic/IT equipment sector
were made by Swiss companies.
Number
Host region
Key:
>>In 2015, 19% of Swiss
in Ile de France (Paris region);
were made by Swiss
companies.
National share
Total share*
Projects
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
7
129
19%
18%
2%
1%
5
142
14%
20%
7%
7%
5
130
14%
18%
4%
4%
4
73
11%
10%
4%
2%
4
67
11%
9%
11%
7%
4
23
11%
3%
7%
2%
2
83
5%
12%
3%
1%
Bretagne (Brittany)
2
11
5%
2%
13%
5%
Centre-Val de Loire
1
30
3%
4%
3%
4%
1
10
3%
1%
2%
1%
Normandie
1
7
3%
1%
3%
1%
1
1
3%
0%
50%
25%
37
706
100%
100%
4%
2%
TOTAL
*Share of Swiss investments in the total number of investments in each region.
TURKEY
FLOW
2
PROJECTS
(Business France)
30
JOBS
(Business France)
STOCK
100
COMPANIES
IN FRANCE
(Orbis)
TWO TURKISH INVESTMENTS
WERE RECORDED IN FRANCE IN 2015,
CREATING OR MAINTAINING 30 JOBS.
TURKISH COMPANIES
IN FRANCE
SELECTED INVESTMENT
PROJECT IN 2015
There are 100 Turkish companies
Two new Turkish investments were recorded in
2015, creating or maintaining around thirty jobs.
These investments involved setting up a
logistics depot and a consumer services
center, and were made by companies
in the transport and storage sector.
Geographically, Turkish companies
invested in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur
and Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes regions.
TURKISH AIRLINES:
More than
OF TURKISH INVESTMENT
IN EUROPE
(Orbis)
Turkish job-creating investment remains
limited in Europe. In 2015, the three
leading recipients were Spain, the United
Kingdom and Bulgaria (22% each).1
1,000
EMPLOYEES
€120
million
Turkey’s national airline
has several offices in France, including in
Paris and Marseille. In 2015, Turkish Airlines
decided to expand its liaison office at
Marseille Provence airport, creating around
fifteen jobs over the next three years.
1
(Banque de France*)
FRENCH EXPORTS:
€7.1 billion
11TH PLACE
NUMBER OF
COMPANIES
IN THE FORBES 2000:
12
TOP 5 TURKISH COMPANIES BY EMPLOYMENT
IN FRANCE
Parent company
Workforce in France
KÖKLER YATIRIM HOLDING
(UNITED BISCUITS)
400-500
ORHAN HOLDING A S
(NOBEL PLASTIQUES)
Automotive industry
300-400
ARÇELIK ANONIM SIRKETI
(BEKO FRANCE)
30-50
OTOKAR OTOMOTIV VE SAVUNMA
SANAYI ANONIM SIRKETI
Automotive industry
20-30
GROUPE BARSAN (BARSAN
GLOBAL LOGISTICS)
Transport, storage
10-20
2014
Business activity
2015
Projects
Jobs
2
5
2
5
Projects
Jobs
1
15
1
15
2
30
Logistics
1
15
Consumer services
TOTAL
3
20
2014
Business sector
2015
Projects
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
Transport, storage
1
2
2
30
1
15
1
3
3
20
2
30
TOTAL
2014
Host region
2015
Projects
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
2
17
1
15
1
3
1
15
3
20
2
30
TOTAL
UNITED KINGDOM
2015 WAS A VERY BUOYANT YEAR
FOR BRITISH INVESTMENT IN FRANCE.
FLOW
BRITISH COMPANIES IN FRANCE
81
PROJECTS
There are over 2,300 British companies
Eighty-one British investments were recorded in 2015,
creating or maintaining more than 2,800 jobs.
British investments were made primarily in decisionmaking centers (23%), retail outlets (21%) and
production/manufacturing operations (20%).
Twenty-two percent of all foreign investments in French
retail outlets were made by British companies.
British projects involved a wide variety of
sectors, including commerce and retail (20%),
consulting/engineering/business services
(15%) and software/IT services (11%).
British companies made investments throughout
France, although Ile de France (Paris region)
(36%), Nord-Pas de Calais-Picardie (14%) and
Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes (12%) together attracted
nearly two-thirds of all British investments.
(Business France)
2,833
JOBS
(Business France)
STOCK
More than
2,300
COMPANIES
IN FRANCE
(Orbis)
More than
230,000
EMPLOYEES
(Orbis)
€70.7
billion
OF BRITISH INVESTMENT
IN EUROPE
British job-creating investment in Europe, attracting
22% of British projects in Europe, followed
by Germany (14%) and Ireland (11%).1
SELECTED INVESTMENT
PROJECTS IN 2015
GARDNER GROUP: Aerospace component
manufacturer Gardner Aerospace decided to
invest in its Mazères site (Languedoc-RoussillonMidi-Pyrénées region) to boost its capacity and
modernize its production facilities. Thirty jobs are
due to be created over the next three years.
MOTORSPORT VISION (MSV): British firm MotorSport
Vision (MSV) chose Laon-Couvron’s former base
in Couvron-et-Aumencourt (Nord-Pas de CalaisPicardie region) as the location for a new motor
racing circuit. The site will host leisure and tourism
activities, as well as industrial operations, with test
days and events organized by car makers. Seventyfive jobs will be created over the next three years.
Scottish firm Locogen, which
specializes in building and operating wind and
solar photovoltaic power projects, is turning its
attention to the French market, opening an office
in Dijon (Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region) that
will employ 10 people over the next three years.
The presence of the W4F cluster, the Université de
Bourgogne and AgroSup were decisive factors.
LOCOGEN:
1
2ND PLACE
(Banque de France*)
FRENCH EXPORTS:
€31.6 billion
5TH PLACE
NUMBER OF
COMPANIES
IN THE FORBES 2000:
96
TOP 5 BRITISH COMPANIES BY EMPLOYMENT
IN FRANCE
Parent company
Workforce in France
KINGFISHER PLC
(CASTORAMA)
Commerce and retail
15,000-20,000
BRIDGEPOINT ADVISERS
GROUP LTD.
Other services
15,000-20,000
COMPASS GROUP PLC
15,000-20,000
DARTY PLC
Commerce and retail
10,000-15,000
HSBC HOLDINGS PLC
8,000-9,000
Number
Business activity
National share
Total share*
Projects
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
19
205
23%
7%
9%
5%
18
200
22%
7%
12%
14%
1
5
1%
0%
4%
1%
2
30
2%
1%
3%
3%
Retail outlets
Logistics
17
1,438
21%
51%
22%
64%
16
665
20%
23%
6%
4%
2
15
2%
1%
2%
1%
R&D
1
5
1%
0%
1%
0%
Business services
13
132
16%
5%
7%
2%
Consumer services
12
348
15%
12%
18%
14%
81
2,833
100%
100%
8%
8%
TOTAL
Key:
>>In 2015, 23% of British
made by British companies.
*Share of British investments in the total number of investments in each business activity.
Number
Business sector
Projects
Jobs
National share
Projects
Jobs
Total share*
Projects
Jobs
Commerce and retail
16
975
20%
34%
31%
27%
12
122
15%
4%
20%
10%
9
136
11%
5%
8%
3%
Transport, storage
8
226
10%
8%
17%
17%
Other services
7
167
9%
6%
15%
20%
5
23
6%
1%
9%
2%
4
314
5%
11%
14%
31%
3
19
4%
1%
15%
5%
2
471
2%
17%
3%
38%
2
97
2%
3%
6%
6%
Chemicals, plastics
2
50
2%
2%
5%
6%
2
20
2%
1%
6%
2%
2
17
2%
1%
4%
1%
2
14
2%
0%
5%
2%
1
113
1%
4%
2%
13%
Perfumes, cosmetics
1
35
1%
1%
5%
15%
1
15
1%
1%
4%
1%
1
10
1%
0%
3%
0%
1
9
1%
0%
3%
2%
81
2,833
100%
100%
8%
8%
TOTAL
Key:
the commerce and retail
sector; 31% of foreign
investments in the commerce
and retail sector were made
by British companies.
*Share of British investments in the total number of investments in each business sector.
Number
Host region
National share
Total share*
Projects
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
29
327
36%
12%
9%
3%
11
329
14%
12%
15%
4%
10
724
12%
26%
8%
24%
9
310
11%
11%
8%
9%
Pays de la Loire
7
191
9%
7%
17%
18%
6
133
7%
5%
11%
14%
3
611
4%
22%
5%
37%
2
66
2%
2%
3%
3%
2
29
2%
1%
5%
3%
Normandie
1
100
1%
4%
3%
8%
Centre-Val de Loire
1
13
1%
0%
3%
2%
81
2,833
100%
100%
8%
8%
TOTAL
*Share of British investments in the total number of investments in each region.
Key:
by British companies.
UNITED STATES
THE UNITED STATES WAS THE LEADING JOB-CREATING FOREIGN
INVESTOR IN FRANCE IN 2015, WITH 176 PROJECTS.
AMERICAN COMPANIES
IN FRANCE
SELECTED INVESTMENT
PROJECTS IN 2015
There are over 4,800 American companies
In 2015, 176 investments were recorded from the
United States, creating or maintaining 10,783 jobs.
Investments by American firms were made primarily
in production/manufacturing operations (34%)
and decision-making centers (19%), the vast
majority of which were first-time investments in
France. A large number of American companies
invested in R&D centers, accounting for 27% of
all foreign investment of this kind in France.
American companies invested most of all in the
French software and IT services sector (24%),
where more than one-third (37%) of all foreign
investment came from the United States.
American investments were most often located
in Ile de France (Paris region), which attracted
40% of new projects from the United States.
CONCORDIA FIBERS: Concordia Fibers, which
twists and assembles carbon fibers for clients
operating primarily in the aerospace sector,
announced a new production facility, its first
outside its home country, in Commercy (AlsaceChampagne-Ardenne-Lorraine region). The
Concordia plant, which will be located close to
the sites of American firm Albany International
and French group Safran, is expected to be
operational by July 2016. The €6 million investment
will create 30 jobs over the next three years.
OF AMERICAN INVESTMENT
IN EUROPE
In 2015, France was the joint third largest
recipient, along with Ireland, of job-creating
investment from the United States, attracting 11%
of American projects in Europe, preceded by the
United Kingdom (34%) and Germany (12%).1
Facebook, the world’s most popular
social network with over a billion users every day,
announced that it had chosen Paris (Ile de France
region) as the location of its first artificial intelligence
research center outside of the United States. The new
center, which will create 30 jobs, will enable the
company to improve is content recognition tools.
FACEBOOK:
A partnership was signed between Matter, a
Chicago-based incubator for around a hundred health
and e-health startups, and Paris City Council’s network
of incubators specializing in the health sector (Ile de
France region). The project aims to provide easier
access to the European market for American health
startups, to attract European companies to Chicago,
and to enable firms from the two continents to interact
and forge alliances and technological partnerships.
MATTER:
1
FLOW
176
PROJECTS
(Business France)
10,783
JOBS
(Business France)
STOCK
More than
4,800
COMPANIES
IN FRANCE
(Orbis)
More than
460,000
EMPLOYEES
(Orbis)
€114.3
billion
1ST PLACE
(Banque de France*)
TOP 5 AMERICAN COMPANIES BY EMPLOYMENT
IN FRANCE
FRENCH EXPORTS:
Parent company
Workforce in France
XPO LOGISTICS LLC
Transport, storage
20,000-25,000
GENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY
15,000-20,000
WALT DISNEY CO.
Other services
10,000-15,000
2ND PLACE
UNITED TECHNOLOGIES CORP. Aerospace, naval and railway equipment
(P&W, RATIER-FIGEAC, OTIS)
10,000-15,000
MCDONALD’S CORPORATION
10, 000-15 ,000
€32.7 billion
NUMBER OF
COMPANIES
IN THE FORBES 2000:
576
Number
Business activity
Projects
Key:
Total share*
Projects
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
34
410
19%
4%
16%
10%
Global / European
headquarters
French Headquarters
27
258
15%
2%
17%
18%
5
131
3%
1%
19%
37%
Logistics
>>In 2015, 19% of American
made by American companies.
National share
Jobs
2
21
1%
0%
8%
1%
5
198
3%
2%
9%
18%
Retail outlets
11
197
6%
2%
14%
9%
59
8,232
34%
76%
21%
51%
21%
R&D
Business services
Consumer services
TOTAL
21
352
12%
3%
24%
19
312
11%
3%
27%
21%
34
935
19%
9%
19%
16%
12
459
7%
4%
18%
19%
176
10,783
100%
100%
18%
32%
*Share of American investments in the total number of investments in each business activity.
Number
Business sector
Key:
sector; 37% of foreign
investments in software and IT
services sector were made by
American companies.
National share
Total share*
Projects
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
43
718
24%
7%
37%
17%
12
659
7%
6%
36%
43%
accessories
12
157
7%
1%
21%
13%
Other services
11
230
6%
2%
24%
28%
Automotive industry
9
1,080
5%
10%
17%
42%
services
9
247
5%
2%
15%
20%
8
410
5%
4%
15%
25%
and devices
8
130
5%
1%
35%
52%
7
190
4%
2%
13%
18%
Chemicals, plastics
6
197
3%
2%
16%
25%
6
74
3%
1%
21%
7%
5
5,423
3%
50%
16%
84%
5
270
3%
3%
18%
20%
5
113
3%
1%
11%
13%
4
58
2%
1%
14%
11%
4
45
2%
0%
9%
7%
85%
3
352
2%
3%
38%
Commerce and retail
3
130
2%
1%
6%
4%
Perfumes, cosmetics
3
67
2%
1%
14%
28%
27%
3
52
2%
0%
33%
3
35
2%
0%
9%
4%
Transport, storage
2
61
1%
1%
4%
5%
18%
2
55
1%
1%
11%
2
29
1%
0%
10%
8%
1
1
1%
0%
20%
2%
176
10,783
100%
100%
18%
32%
TOTAL
*Share of American investments in the total number of investments in each business sector.
Number
Host region
National share
Total share*
Projects
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
Projects
Jobs
70
1,197
40%
11%
23%
13%
21
575
12%
5%
17%
19%
17
290
10%
3%
23%
14%
14
6,794
8%
63%
19%
79%
14
682
8%
6%
13%
19%
10
306
6%
3%
17%
18%
9
120
5%
1%
17%
13%
Normandie
7
411
4%
4%
21%
31%
6
187
3%
2%
16%
19%
Pays de la Loire
5
161
3%
1%
12%
15%
Bretagne (Brittany)
2
22
1%
0%
13%
11%
Centre-Val de Loire
1
38
1%
0%
3%
5%
176
10,783
100%
100%
18%
32%
TOTAL
Key:
by American companies.
*Share of American investments in the total number of investments in each region.
APPENDICES
174 JOB-CREATING PHYSICAL INVESTMENT
SELECTION CRITERIA
177 BUSINESS FRANCE
© Shutterstock.com
CHAP. 8 / APPENDICES
JOB-CREATING PHYSICAL INVESTMENT
SELECTION CRITERIA
T
he Annual Report on Foreign Investment in
France is a method for analyzing foreign
investment projects and their contribution
to the French economy. Established in
1993 in partnership with France’s regional economic development agencies, the Annual Report
provides a summary of all foreign investment
projects creating sustainable employment in
France, listing confirmed projects and detailing
the number of jobs that each project generates.
It provides detailed statistical analysis by business
sector, business activity, investment type, source
country and host region. Data concerning the
amounts involved in specific investment projects
are not always made available by companies,
and so form no part of the analysis.
COMPANY NATIONALITY
Initial analysis of company nationality depends
on the location of its registered office, which
determines the jurisdiction that applies. This
principle is refined by the notion of a company’s genuine registered office under French
law, which is established through jurisprudence. This concept involves determining the
place where, inter alia, meetings of the company’s management bodies are held, strategic
decisions are taken, and key contracts are
signed.
Accordingly, and in line with European Union
guidelines, INSEE (the French National
Institute for Statistics and Economic Studies)
considers that the controlling country of a
multinational corporation is defined by the
country in which the entity possessing operational control is established and where
financial information concerning all of its
subsidiaries is usually consolidated. For certain
firms, this entity may not necessarily correspond
to the head of the group or parent company.
Under this definition, the nationality of the firm’s
leading shareholders has no bearing on that
which is assigned to the firm as a whole.
The initial analysis is refined by the notion of
control over the activities of the firm’s subsidiaries. The statistical criterion chosen for data
collection is majority control (ownership of
more than 50% of the firm’s shares with voting
rights). It is assumed that share ownership of
more than 50% confers genuine control over
the firm, even though in certain cases control
may be exercised with less than this amount.
JOB NUMBERS
The Annual Report is based on the publicly
announced number of jobs to be created or
maintained over the next three years, which is
the approximate time frame that companies use
when planning investment.
DATA GATHERING AND VALIDATION
Three methods were used to select the projects
in the Annual Report:
> An analysis of the competitive environment
by consulting observatories of globally mobile
investment that track public announcements of
job-creating foreign investments in France and
Europe.
> Projects detected by the former Invest in France
Agency (IFA), primarily through its network of 23
foreign offices.
> Data collected by France’s regional economic
development agencies for their areas through
contact with economic stakeholders and foreign
investors.
Based on these sources, the Annual Report is
compiled using a cross-validation process of
each identified project between the IFA, France’s
regional economic development agencies and
other regional partners.
PROJECT COMPLETION RATE
Reports and rankings published by investment
promotion agencies provide a list of investment
decisions (or public announcements for some
consultants). The IFA conducted a retrospective
study in 2010 of projects in the 2007 Annual
Report to analyze the impact of challenging
economic conditions on the project completion
rate. In the study sample (320 projects), almost
90% of the decisions recorded in 2007
had been executed. The completion rate for
takeovers of ailing companies was 98%.
Concurrently, the study shows that the distinction
of being foreign did not protect companies
investing in France against the risks inherent in
starting a business and the economic climate.
As such, 20% of the investment projects reported
in 2007 experienced problems and in some
cases were even sold off.
DISPARITIES BETWEEN THE
DATA PUBLISHED BY THE IFA, FDI
MARKETS AND EY
The way in which information is recorded
in the Annual Report makes it a uniquely
reliable database offering unrivalled coverage
of recorded investments compared with
publications by private consulting firms, such
as IBM/PLI, fDi Markets and EY.
Differences in scope and calculation methods –
such as the exclusion of retail outlets, the hotel
sector, takeovers of ailing sites and expansions
following takeovers – offer a partial explanation
of the significant disparities observed between
these different data sets.
However, beyond such methodological
differences, most disparities arise from the fact
that numerous investment projects receive no
coverage by way of a press article or press
release. These projects are not identified
by business intelligence tools, but rather by
Business France’s overseas offices and regional
partners.
THE FOLLOWING ARE NOT INCLUDED IN THE ANNUAL
REPORT:
> Temporary or seasonal jobs.
> J obs transferred to another location when a company relocates within
France as a result of reorganizing, regrouping or restructuring its business
activities.
>D
iplomatic missions, unless they are internationally mobile
(an international organization’s registered office, for example).
CLASSIFICATIONS USED IN THE ANNUAL REPORT
The classifications used are designed to reflect the
characteristics of the international investment market.
The classification by business sector is based on a 25-item
classification compatible with that used by the French National
Institute for Statistics and Economic Studies INSEE (NAF 700, revision
2), but which has been adapted to the specificities of the international
investment market.
Projects are categorized according to the type of goods or services
that they contribute to designing, producing or distributing. These
classifications evolve over time to take new market trends into account.
2
3
4
Perfumes, cosmetics
5
6
7
Automotive industry
8
9
In order to operate effectively, companies rely on various types of
business activity.
Aside from production/manufacturing are tertiary activities such
as business services and consumer services, logistics, retail outlets,
headquarters, decision-making centers, and R&D, engineering and
design. A specific index is used in the report to categorize projects by
the business activity they fulfill.
PROJECT BUSINESS ACTIVITY
CLASSIFICATION BY BUSINESS SECTOR
1
PROJECT BUSINESS ACTIVITY
1
Site whose purpose is to advance
scientific knowledge, perfect or apply
new technologies or products.
2
First-time investments in France and
French headquarters.
3
Headquarters
Global or European Headquarters.
An autonomous site that is responsible for ensuring administrative
support activities within the company
(human resources, accounting, etc.).
4
Site which combines human resources, capital, goods and services
to manufacture goods or provide
services.
5
Logistics
Site which contributes to the delivery
and storage of goods.
6
Business services
Site whose purpose is to provide
market services to businesses
(consulting, marketing, banking
services, data centers, etc.)
7
Consumer services
Site whose main purpose is to sell
products and services to consumers
(hotels, banking services).
8
Retail outlets
All sites where goods are sold.
10 Electronic components
11 Electrical, electronic, IT equipment
12 Medical/surgical equipment and devices
13 Glass, ceramics, minerals, wood, paper
14 Chemicals, plastics
15 Metals, metalworking
16 Transport, storage
17 Construction, building materials
18 Telecoms, internet service providers
19 Software and IT services
20 Consulting, engineering and business services
21 Energy, recycling, other concessions
22 Hotels, tourism and restaurants
23 Financial services, banking and insurance
24 Commerce and retail
25 Other services
PRODUCING THE ANNUAL REPORT
SOURCES
> IFA offices
> Regional economic development agencies
> France Observatory
CROSS-VALIDATION OF DATA
Data processed:
> verification that project meets the Report’s criteria
> additional information for some projects
ANNUAL REPORT
Regional economic
development agencies and
the IFA validate projects
BUSINESS FRANCE
CONNECT – FAST-TRACK – SUCCEED
B
usiness France supports the international
development of the French economy,
advancing and promoting business
throughout France, and by French
companies abroad.
OUR MISSIONS:
It is a key player in fostering competitiveness,
growth and employment in France, offering
clear and efficient access to all corporate
development stakeholders and services for
all companies, irrespective of their size, sector
and nationality.
> Promoting and facilitating foreign investment
in France.
From exports to investments through to
multinational partnerships, from identifying
contacts and making connections to providing
peace of mind, Business France supports
French and multinational companies throughout
the lifetime of their projects, and is driven by
an efficient, result-oriented working culture.
Thanks to its extensive network and dynamic
team of 1,500 professionals, both in France
and in 70 countries throughout the world,
Business France is involved not only in getting
projects off the ground but also in following up
and ensuring their long-term success.
With specialisms in different areas of
expertise and business sectors, Business
France personnel are highly committed and
passionate about their work, serving not only
individual companies but France as a whole.
“Founded to serve companies and the nation
as a whole, Business France sends out a loud,
clear message about the open nature of the
French economy. Our agency operates where it
counts, pulling out all the stops for businesses to
grow and succeed, both in France and abroad.”
Muriel Pénicaud, Ambassador for International
Investment, CEO of Business France.
> Supporting the international development
of businesses set up in France – mid-size
companies and SMEs in particular – and
their exports to foreign markets.
> Promoting France’s companies, business
image and nationwide attractiveness as
an investment location.
> Running, promoting and developing the VIE
international internship program, thereby
enhancing the training received by young
French professionals through international
experience.
OUR COMMITMENT:
Being able to count on the people supporting
and guiding you on the ground to bring your
plans to fruition is key to the success of any
project. This is the role played by Business
France, whose personnel will do all they can
to help make your ideas reality.
Business France provides end-to-end support
and can stand by you every step of the way,
offering legal and tax advice, help with
administrative formalities, and guidance in
choosing a market or investment location.
Business France and its partners have a wide
array of resources at their disposal. We can
provide you with a dedicated team to harness
all the necessary expertise and solutions to
build your international projects stage by stage
and oversee their development in the long
term.
Standing firmly by your side, Business France’s
comprehensive network, spanning 70 of the
world’s largest countries, can get to the heart
of your requirements. You can also depend
on a focused personal contact among the
personnel who staff Business France’s 80
offices worldwide.
OUR PRIORITY:
Simplifying and fast-tracking project
delivery
Business France offers a holistic approach
to your international business project, from
decision-making and market analysis to
successful completion. Business France can
provide advice in line with your project’s
strategic, sector-based and human specificities.
Business France is ready to be your partner of
choice, an interface for all the data you need
to deliver your project.
From the moment you first make contact, you
can ask Business France to serve as your single
port of call.
OUR VALUES:
> Proximity
> Efficiency
> Pride
Calling upon Business France gives
you access to:
> The number one provider of customized
services for French and foreign businesses,
supporting them and the success of their
international projects from start to finish.
> Objective and detailed market analysis,
macroeconomic analysis, benchmarks,
observatories, maps, etc. We provide you
with all the tools you need to make the best
choice.
> S upport and expertise from a partner
network of international development
experts and a fully-fledged community
of stakeholders, including chambers of
commerce in France and abroad, Bpifrance,
Coface and France’s foreign trade advisors
(CCEF), as well as banks, auditing firms,
expert consultants, transport companies,
lawyers, etc.
EXPORT OVERVIEWS WERE PRODUCED IN CONJUNCTION
WITH THE FRENCH TREASURY DIRECTORATE (DG TRÉSOR)
The French Treasury Directorate (DG Trésor) advises on and
oversees French economic policy under the authority of the
Minister for the Economy and Finance. It also promotes French
policy in Europe and throughout the world. It lends its expertise
in matters relating to forecasting and consulting, regulation,
international negotiations, developmental aid, export assistance
and foreign investment. The Treasury Directorate oversees the
French government’s accounts and debt management through
the French Treasury Agency (Agence France Trésor – AFT) and
monitors government shareholder interests through the
Government Shareholding Agency (Agence des participations
de l’Etat – APE).
For further information, please visit
www.economie.gouv.fr
Publication Director: Muriel Pénicaud, CEO
Chief Editor: Sylvie Montout (Senior Economist)
Contributors: Nathalie Issa, Romain Guillard, Fany Robin (Economists)
Editorial coordination: Promotion and Communication Division
English Language Editor: David Williams
Designed and produced by:
[email protected] – March 2016
Cover photo: Shutterstock.com
Business France is the national agency supporting the international
development of the French economy, responsible for fostering export growth by
French businesses, as well as promoting and facilitating international investment in France.
It promotes France’s companies, business image and nationwide attractiveness as an
investment location, and also runs the VIE international internship program.
Founded on January 1, 2015 through a merger between UBIFRANCE and the Invest in
France Agency, Business France has 1,500 personnel, both in France and in 70 countries
throughout the world, who work with a network of public- and private-sector partners.
CONNECT – FAST-TRACK – SUCCEED
For further information, please visit: www.businessfrance.fr
Business France
77, boulevard Saint-Jacques
75680 Paris Cedex 14
Tel.: +33 1 40 73 30 00

the international development of the french economy

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