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Umuvugizi n°77
Andikira Umuvugizi kuri IKINYAMAKURU KIVUGIRA A B A T U R ARWANDA [email protected] UMUVUGIZI VOL.77, 13 - 30 Kanama, 2010 Ukuri kubujura bwakoreshejwe mu matora yo mu Rwanda. Kaminuza nkuru y’u Rwanda mu mazi abira Col Karegeya azafasha umuntu uwari wese uzarwanya igitugu cya Kagame General Kayumba bamutangiye cyera Amnesty International iramagana KAGAME ihohoterwa ry’ IKIBAZO MU abanyapoltiki n’abanyamakuru RWANDA NO MU KARERE mu Rwanda. Urup. 2 AmAtorA UMUVUGIZI VOL.77, 13 - 30 Kanama, 2010 Ukuri kubujura bwakoreshejwe mu matora yo mu Rwanda. “… inzego z’umutekano ziba arizo zishyikiriza amajwi ya Kagame Komisiyo y’amatora” A masomo Kagame yabonye mu matora yo 2003 no mu bihugu by’abaturanyi cyane Kenya yatumye yiyambaza inzego z’umutekano hamwe n’urubyiruko rwa Rucagu (Intore) barara inkera yo kwiba amatora. Nyuma y’amasomo FPR yakuye mu matora yo 2003 aho byayigoye cyane kugaragaza ko itibye bwana Twagiramungu waruhatanye na Kagame wari wamutsinze kumugaragaro bakamwiba nawe agahitamo kunuma ahasigaye agakizwa n’amaguru. Bamwe mubamufashije kwiyamamaza, n’indorerezi ze babareze ingengabitekerezo ya jenoside abandi bahimbirwa ibyaha imitungo yabo itezwa cyamunara n’ibindi byinshi. Imvururu zabaye mu matora ya Kenya zatumye Kagame n’abagenzi be bicara hamwe biga uburyo bazapanga neza ibyo kwiba amatora nta mvururu zibayemo, kuko babonaga abanyarwanda batangiye kugira inyota ya demokarasi, bamaze kurambirwa igitugu n’ibinyoma bya FPR. Mu ntwaro bakoresheje iyambere yari gucecekesha itangazamakuru binyuze mu mategeko bashyizeho bafite intego yo kubangamira itangazamakuru ryigenga kandi baha ingufu zidasanzwe inama nkuru y’itangazamakuru zo gufunga no kuniga umunyamakuru uwariwe wese ufite ibitekerezo bitandukanye nibyo ishyaka (FPR) riri kubutegetsi rishaka aribwo bafungaga ibinyamakuru Umuseso n’Umuvugizi. Indi ntwaro bakoresheje kandi bagezeho yari ugukoresha ibiro byiperereza rya gisirikare J2 rifatanyije na maneko z’abapolisi “Special Inteligence” gutera ibisasu abaturage kugirango bashinje abatavuga rumwe na Kagame ko aribo babatera ibisasu, bityo bafatwe abandi bicwe, ikindi bikaba byari ukumvisha amahanga ko FDU INKINGI ikorana na FDLR bityo bigatuma babigira urwitwazo rwo kuniga abatavuga rumwe na FPR. Icya gatatu kwari uguhahamura abaturage basanzwe bafite ikibazo cyo guhahamuka kubera intambara banyuzemo bityo ibisasu byaterwa byari ukugaragaza ko abatavuga rumwe na Kagame bose bazanye ibintu bibi ko bashaka kongera kubasubiza mu ntambara. Ikindi nuko bagombaga gukoresha iyi nzira yo kwiteza umutekano muke bityo bagashora abasirikare n’abapolisi mu mihanda n’amakaritsiye abaturage batuyemo arinako bafunga abo bacyekaho gushyigikira abatuvuga rumwe na Kagame. Gufunga abo FPR yise inzererezi, yari inzira y’ubusamu yo gutera ubwoba abaturage no gukubura umuntu uwo ariwe wese batazi neza kugirango abo bantu batazaba ikibazo mu gihe cy’amatora . Kuniga no kunaniza imiryango iharanira uburengazira bw’ikiremwa muntu banyuze mu kwima visa uwari uhagarariye Human Rights Watch mu Rwanda Carlina nayo yari [email protected] Gen Kabarebe inzira yo gutera ubwoba umuntu uwo ariwe wese washaka kunenga ibirimo kubera mu Rwanda . Kunaniza amashyaka atavuga rumwe na FPR Indi migambi yacuzwe n’inzego z’umutekano za FPR byari kunaniza amashyaka atavuga rumwe n’ubutegetsi bwa FPR ( FDU INKINGI , GREEN PARTY na PS IMBERAKURI) kugira uruhare mu matora y’umukuru w’igihungu. Ikindi bakoze n’uguhimbira ibyaha abayobozi bamashyaka atavugarumwe na FPR nka Madame Ingabire Victoire umuyobozi wa FDU INKINGI kugirango bamuhoze mu inkiko na polisi kugeza amatora arangiye, bityo ntazagire uruhare mu matora y’umukuru w’igihungu kuko babonaga baramutse bamuretse akiyandikisha byazabagora kumwiba amajwi kuberako bari bamaze kumenyako ibihungu byishi byagombaga kohereza indorerezi kandi bari banamaze kumenyako amahanga yamaze kumenya amayeri yabo yo kwiba amajwi. Mu ishyaka rya Green Party byari byoroshye kuberako bari bafitemo abantu babo bagombaga kurisenya vuba cyane ariko nyakwigendera Kagwa Rwisereka yarabananiye kugura, bahitamo kumwica. Amakuru dufite avuga ko mbere yo kumwica yari amaze kubwira bene wabo benshi bari muri Green Party kutazatora Kagame na FPR, ibyo kuri Kagame akaba yarabibonye nk’umugambanyi wa FPR, kandi ufite abantu benshi bashobora kumwumva kubera ubunyangamugayo bwe no kumenyana n’abantu beshi bo muri FPR kubera akazi yakoze akiri muri Congo igihe yafashaga FPR ikiri mu ishyamba. PS IMBERAKURI nta gushidikanyako FPR yabonye ko Mme Ntaganda yari agiye kwifatanya na FDU INKINGI hamwe na Green Party bityo bakoresha bamwe mu bantu bahoze mu FPR gusenya Ntaganda. Uwo mugambi ariko ntacyo watwaye Ntaganda kuko yari afite abandi bayoboke benshi, kandi babonaga ibyo bakoze bitagize icyo bimutwara, bahitamo gucura umugambi wo kumwohereza muri Gereza kugirango amatora abe afunze. Ifungwa ry’avoka w’umunyamerika Prof. Karangwa Kagame Election n’iyicwa ry’umunyamakuru Jean Leonard Rugambage byari ukwereka abanyarwanda ko Kagame ntakintu atinya kandi akomeye cyane kuburyo yakora icyo ashaka amahanga ntagire icyo avuga. Amafaranga menshi nayo yarapanzwe kugirango ahabwe itangazamakuru cyane mpunzamahanga mu gutaka perezida Kagame kandi bagasiga amavuta amafuti ya Kagame na leta ye barimo gukora, arinako ba koresha itangazamakuru bahaye ruswa kurwanya umuntu cyangwa imiryango mpuzamahanga inenga ibirimo gukorwa na leta ya Kagame. Abaturage bafashwe nk’igwate. Ikindi ni uko abayobozi b’Uturere n’inzego z’umutekano bahawe amabwiriza yo kuzana abaturage ku ngufu ahantu aho ariho hose Kagame yagombaga kwiyamamariza, amaduka yagombaga kuba afunze, imirimo yose y’abaturage ibatunze yarahagarikwaga bakajya kwakira umukuru wa FPR, abaturage banze kujya kuri stade bafashwe nk’abanzi ba FPR bityo bakaba bagomba gufatwa nk’abanzi b’igihugu kandi bakabzahura n’ingorane nyuma y’amatora, zirimo guhimbirwa ibyaha bagafungw bateganyirijwe ibihano nko kwamburwa akazi bakoraga no gucyeneshwa kubakoraga imirimo yabo bwite. Umusanzu wa FPR wagizwe itegeko, bityo buri muntu akaba agomba kuwutanga atabikora nabwo akazahura n’ingorane, ndetse n’umuyobozi w’Akarere utagaragaje ko abaturage be batanze agatubutse agomba kweguzwa. Ibigo bya leta cyangwa se ibyikorera kugiti cyabyo n’abacuruzi, bagombaga gushaka uburyo batanga umusanzu kandi utubutse, kubadafite amafaranga bagashaka aho bayakura bityo FPR ikazashaka uburyo ibibafashamo kugirango bazayagaruze, ibaha ibiraka n’amasoko adaciye mu buryo bw’amategeko agenga amasoko ya Leta. Kagame yiremeye “OPPOSITION” Nyuma yo kubona ko abaturage benshi bamaze kurambirwa Kagame na FPR kugezaho nabayirimo nabo bagera aho gutora umuntu uwariwe wese waza atavuga rumwe nawe byatumye bafata inzira igayitse barashinyiriza bakumira amashyaka ayo ariyo yose babona ko batavugarumwe, biremera abo bise ko batavuga rumwe na FPR ariko mu byukuri akorera mu kwaha kwa FPR Inkotanyi . FPR ninayo yagennye abahagararanye na Kagame baturuka muri utwo dushyaka tubarizwa mu kwaha kwa yo aritwa PL , PSD na PPC, kugirango ayo mashyaka cyane nka PSD atazabazanira abantu nka Dr Ryambabaje ukunze kwigenga bityo itazamera nka wamugani ngo “umanika agati yicaye yajya kukamanura agahagarara”. Uko byagenze umunsi w’amatora nyirizina Abayobozi b’inzego z’ibanze, bafashe abaturage batizewe babaka amakarita y’itora, kumunsi w’itorera, inzego z’umutekano za Kagame, igipolisi n’igisirikare, ndetse n’urubyiruko rwa FPR ruzwi kw’izina ry’ Intore ruyobowe na Rucago, rwazindikiye ahantu hose hagombaga kubera amatora, saa cyenda z’ijoro (3 a.m) ku itariki ya 9Kanama bari bageze aho bagomba gutorera batangira gutora Kagame batorera babaturage batse amakarita. Bwagiye kugera saa mbiri indorerezi ziza kubiro by’amatora amatora asa naho yarangiye cyera, kandi bose batoye Kagame. Ikindi bakoresheje ni uko indorerezi zose zahawe zamaneko, ndetse n’izarizitwawe n’imodoka z’abadiplomate bagerageje gukoresha uburyo bamenyereye bwa ruswa bagura abantu bose bagombaga kuzitwara. Bityo aho bajyaga kugera babaga bamenyeshejwe aho indorerezi zigeze kugirango basange baziteguye. Kuko izo zamaneko zabaga zifite amaterefone y’ahantu hose abahagaririye amatora bari. Bityo inzego z’umutekano ziba arizo zishyikiriza amajwi ya Kagame Komisiyo y’amatora. Ikindi kandi kuko urupapuro rw’amatora rwari ruriho abakandida bane, uwabanzaga yari Kagame, hari impapuro zari zizinze kuburyo hasigara ifoto ya Kagame gusa, iyo babonaga uje gutora batamwizeye nirwo bamuhaga bityo akabona kurupapuro hariho umukandida umwe gusa. Ibyo babikoze mu giturage cyane kuburyo hari abaturage bavugagako urupapuro bahawe hariho Kagame wenyine. Gasasira. Urup. 3 UMUVUGIZI VOL.77, 13 - 30 Kanama, 2010 Gikondo, Makuza House 2nd Floor, B.P. 2147, Kigali - RWANDA (E.A) Tel: (+250) 08417942, 08300668 E-mail: [email protected] Ijambo ry’ibanze CPJ iranenga amatora atagira itangazamakuru ryigenga Ubwicanyi bwo mu Rwanda bwahagaritse byishi. Mu Rwanda hamaze iminsi haba ibikorwa bigayitse bikorwa na leta ya Kagame, Nk’uko itangazamakuru ryigenga, ndetse n’imiryango iharanira uburenganzira bw’ikiremwa muntu yakomeje kubivuga ihohoterwa riri mu Rwanda rikomeje gufata intera yo hejuru. Amashyaka atavurugarumwe na Perezida Kagame yangiwe kugira uruhare mu matora y’umukuru w’igihugu, abanyamuryango bayo barishwe kuburyo bwa kinyamaswa, abanyamakuru barishwe, ibinyamakuru byarafunzwe, abahagarariye imiryango iharanira uburenganzira bw’ikiremwa muntu barirukanywe, n’ibindi bibi byinshi byakorewe abanyarwanda bikorwa n’ubutegetsi bwa FPR buyobowe na Kagame. Ayo marorerwa ntabwo yasize gusa inkovu ku banyarwanda, ahubwo yagize ingaruka zikomeye mu buzima bwishi bw’igihugu. Ikinyamakuru umuvugizi nacyo cyahuye n’ibibazo byishi cyane, nyuma yo gufungirwa ibikorwa byacyo mu Rwanda kigatangira gukorera mu buhungiro, bishe umwe mu banyamakuru bacyo kandi akaba yri n’umuyoibozi wungirije Jean Leanard Rugambage, arasiwe imbere y’urugo rwe Inyamirambo Kigali, azizwa akazi ke k’itangazamakuru. Ibyo kandi byakurikiwe n’ihingwa ry’abayobozi n’abanyamakuru b’Umuvugizi aho bari hose ndetse n’abari mu buhungiro, babasanze aho bihishe. Gupfusha, guhigwa, guhunga ndetse no gutakaza byishi mu bikoresho twakoreshaga byatumye ikinyamakuru Umuvugizi kidashobora kubahiriza igihe cyagombaga gusohocyeraho nk’uko cyari cyabyiyemeje. Ntabwo byadushobokeye ko dukora ikinyamakuru ahubwo twakomeje gusohora inkuru mu makuru ashyushye. Ubuyobozi ndetse n’abanyamakuru b’ikinyamakuru Umuvugizi buboneyeho umwanya wo kwisegura kubakunzi bacyo kuko kitashoboye kubahiriza gahunda nk’uko cyari cyari yemeje. Kiboneyeho kandi gushimira abantu bose bakomeje kukiba hafi muri ibi bihe bigoye cyane byo kwicwa, guhigwa, no guhunga. Tuzakomeza gukora ibishoboka byose ngo itangazamakuru ryigenga, ryo nkingi ya Demokarasi ko ridacibwa mu Rwanda nk’uko ubutegetsi bwa FPR bubyifuza. Ubwanditsi. [email protected] Kagame mu matora PJ iherutse gusohora icyegeranyo cyamagana Epiphanie nawe akaba yarahunze igihugu we n’umwana ihohoterwa ry’itangazamakuru ryo mu we w’imyaka 2 atinya kugirirwa nabi kubera ibibazo Rwanda n’iyicwa ry’abanyamakuru. yaramaze iminsi ahatwa n’inzego z’iperereza, bigaragara “Nta wundi cyereka wowe” ayo ni amagambo ko nawe ashobora kugirwa nk’umufashawe. yavugwaga nabayoboke ba Paul Kagame bavugaga Mugihe gito abanyamakuru b’Umuseso nk’uko biyamamaza, bambaye imyenda y’umutuku, Gasana akomeza abivuga, basohoye ikinyamakuru The n’umuweru n’ubururu aribyo bigaragaza amabara newsline, ariko cyafatiwe ku mupaka kibuzwa gucuruzwa aranga ishyaka riri kubutegetsi FPR. ndetse n’uwarigitwaye umufasha wa shoferi ( Conduct) Ariko ibyo byose byakorwaga nta tangazamakuru atagize aho ahuriye n’ikinyamakuru arafungwa. Gasana rihari, rishobora kugira icyo rinenga Kagame ati “ ntabwo twacyekaga ko bakora ibintu bigayitse kuko ryari ryarafunzwe ndetse lata yagize uruhare gutyo”. mu kubirukana mu gihugu, ibakorera ibikorwa Abo banyamakuru bakomeje bavuga ko kuba u Rwanda by’iterabwoba. rudafite itangazamakuru ryigenga ari ikibazo, kandi ko Nk’uko byakomejwe gutangazwa na CPJ amatora kubona amakuru bibagora kubera ko aho bayakuraga aherutse kuba, yashyize yahaye Kagame indi myaka batinye cyane nyuma y’urupfu rwa Rugambage. irindwi yo kuyobora. Yayatsinze bitagoranye kuko Byose bya kanze abanyamakuru n’aho bakura ntawe bari bahanganye, amashyaka akomeye abiri inkuru(sources). yari guhangana nawe bayangiye kwiyandikisha ngo Abantu baribaza ukuntu amatora yaba nta abashe guhangana, ndetse n’ibinyamakuru byagomba tangazamakuru ryigenga rihari. Mulama Patrick kugira uruhare mu kunenga ibikorwa bye nabyo umunyamabanga w’ inama nkuru y’itangazamakuru barabifunze babibuza gukorera mu Rwanda. yabwiye CPJ ko itangazamakur ryigenga n’irya leta Muri Mata, leta yategetse inama nkuru byose ryafashijwe gukurikirana uko abakandita bose uko y’itangazamakuru gufunga ibinyamakuru byigenga ari bane biyamamazaga, akomeza avuga kandi ko ngo bizira kunenga leta Umuseso, n’Umuvugizi igihe bashyizeho ikigo gifasha itangazamakuru kwiyubaka. cy’amezi atandatu. Ariko ibyo Gasana avuga ko ari ikinyoma kuko nta Abayobozi b’ibinyamakuru byafunzwe ( Umuseso nabakandida bigenga bari bariho bahanganye na Kagame, n’Umuvugizi) Jean Bosco Gasasira w’Umuvugizi avuga ko bose bashyizweho n’ishyaka riri kubutegetsi. na Didas Gasana w’Umuseso, bavuga ko bahunze Yakomeje avuga ko koko itangazamakuru rishobora igihugu nyuma yo gufunga ibinyamakuru byabo, gutangaza uko kwiyamamaza n’amatora byagenze ariko nabo bagatangira guhigwa n’inzego z’iperereza z’u byose babikoraga bitonze kuko nta muntu washoboraga Rwanda, zishaka kubagiriranabi. kuvuga ikibi kuri Kagame. Nkuko Gasana akomeza abivuga igihugu kugezubu Umwe mubanyamakuru bari mu Rwanda, yatangarije ntawe ushobora ku kibamo afite icyo anenga leta ya CPJ, ko Kagame aniga itangazamakuru ryigenga ndetse Kagame, haba itangazamakuru cyangwa amashyaka n’urubuga rwa Politiki kuruta Mugabe muri Zimbambwe. atavuga rumwe na leta ya Kagame. Yakomeje avuga atakamba ko amazina ye yagirwa Ibi binyamakuru kandi bikimara kugera mu ibanga. buhungiro byahise bifungura imbuga z’Internet Mu byukuri itangazamakuru ry’u Rwanda riri mu (Website) ariko byahise bifungwa bibuzwa kuboneka buhungiro ryakomeje gukora kimwe nabangenzi babo mu Rwanda na leta ya Kigali. bo muri Zimbabwe. “ itangazamakuru riri mubuhungiro Gasasira yakomeje abwira CJP ko nyuma ryo muri Zimbabwe nirimwe mu itangazamakuru rikora yo guhunga, uwari umwungirije Jean Leonard neza ku umugabane w’Afrika. Rugambage yarasiwe imbere yiwe i Nyamirambo Radiyo yo muri Zimbabwe WS RADIO na The mu mujyi wa Kigali, atashye. Mu gihe gito cyane ZIMBABWEAN ni bimwe mu itangazamakuru rikora leta yavuze ko yishwe n’abantu bihoreraga kubera gahunda yaryo neza cyane byo muri Zimbabwe. Gasana umuntu wabo ngo Rugambage yishe muri jenoside ya yakomeje avuga ko niba ntagihindutse no mu Rwanda 1994. Ariko ibi byose nta bimenyetso leta yerekana ariko bigiye kumera kuko ntakundi byagenda bagomba bifatika. Kugeza ubu umufasha wa Rugambage, gukora itangazamakuru byanze bikunze. Iyan C Urup. 4 POLITIKI UMUVUGIZI VOL.77, 13 - 30 Kanama, 2010 Col Karegeya azafasha umuntu uwari wese uzarwanya igitugu cya Kagame “… nanze kwirirwa ngira icyo mvuga kubirego Kagame yamvugagaho kuko narinzi ko ari uguta igihe” “… dutegereje ko Leta y’u Rwanda itanga ikirego tukaburana, jye na mugenzi wanjye twese turi abanyamategeko ntabwo tuzirirwa dushaka utwunganira, turiteguye kandi ntakibazo dufite, iki n’ikibazo cyoroshye kandi cya politiki, tuzahurira mu nkiko.” M gucececyesha abatavuga rumwe nawe. Ati “ nanze kwirirwa ngira icyo mvuga kubirego Kagame yamvugagaho kuko narinzi ko ari uguta igihe” u kiganiro yagiragiranye n’ikinyamakuru Obsever cyandikirwa muri Uganda, Col Karegeya yabwiye umunyamakuru Mukombozi ko azafasha umuntu uwariwe wose uzarwanya igitugu cya Kagame. Col Karegeya ubu ubarizwa mu buhungiro mu gihugu cy’Afrika y’Epfo, akaba yarahunze u Rwanda yari umusirikare wakoranye na Kagame igihe kirekire, ndetse akaba ari umwe mubantu bari bakomeye muri FPR bafashije Kagame kugera kubuyobozi hamwe n’ishyaka ayoboye FPR, yatangarije ikinyamakuru Obsever ko icyo barwaniye kitagezweho kuko umugambi baribafite wo gukuraho ingoma y’igitugu Kagame yawushimuse, agahindura gahunda ibyo barwaniye akabigira zimwe mu ntego ze bwite adasangiye n’abo bafatinyije urugamba, kugeza ubu akaba asigaye ariwe munyagitugu urenze ingoma barwanije. Col Karegeya yabwiye ikinyamakuru Observer ko yafatanyije na bagenzibe gupanga urugagamba rwa FPR inkotanyi, avuga ko icyo gihe yari afite ipeti rya liyetona kandi afite n’impamyabushobozi ihanitse mu mategeko yakuye muri Kaminuza ya Makerere. Atangiye urugamba yakomeje imirimo ye yo gukora akazi ka Maneko mu gisirikare cya FPR, ndetse n’aho bafatiye igihugu yakomeje gukora akazi ko guhuza inzego za meneko z’igihugu, yemeza ko bitari byoroshye mu gihe igihugu cyari kikiva mu ntambara kigifite abanzi benshi cyane. Ariko nk’uko yakomeje abivuga yashoboye kubaka afatanyije na bangenzi be urwego rwa maneko mu gihugu rukoraneza kandi rufitewe ikize muri icyo gihe, yamaze imyaka icumi yose ayoboye. Yakomeje atangariza ikinyamakuru Obsever ko yatunguwe cyane n’ukuntu Kagame bakoranye [email protected] Col Karegeya ati “twarwaniye ukwishyira no kwizana kw’abanyarwanda ariko ntitwakonye, ntawundi muntu azava ahandi kurwanira uburenganzira n’ubwigenge bw’abanyarwanda, cyeretse abanyarwanda bo ubwobo” kuri Col Karegeya abanyarwanda bakwiye guhaguruka bakarwanya umunyagitugu Kagame, “ igihe kirageze ko abanyarwanda bamubwira (Kagame) ko barambiwe igitugu cye, kandi niteguye kuzafasha umuntu wese uzahaguruka agamije kurwanya igitugu cya Kagame”. Col Karegeya yiteguye gufasha uwo ariwe wese uzarwanya igitugu cya Kagame yafashije ibintu byishi akamwita umwanzi akamwita umugambanyi, akamutesha umutwe kugezaho afungiwe ahantu adashonora gusurwa n’umuntu uwo ariwe wese ndetse n’umuryango utashoboraga kumugeraho. Kuri Col Karegeya kandi w’umunyamategeko avuga ko ibyo ari igikorwa cya Kinyamaswa kibangamira uburenganzira bw’ikiremwa muntu, kandi kiranga imikorere y’abanyagitugu. Yakomeje avuga ko leta mubyukuri ikurikiza amategeko idashobora gufunga umuntu kuri ubwo buryo bwa kinyamaswa bukoreshwa n’abanyagitugu nka Kagame. Abajijwe k’ibikorwa by’iterabwaba avugwaho na perezida Kagame, Col Karageya yasubije ko ibyo aribimwe mu biranga abanyagitugu nka Kagame. Yakomeje asobanura ko mubyukuri nawe byamutangaje kumva Kagame amushinja ibikorwa by’iterabwoba kandi nawe (Kagame) azineza ko amubeshyera. Akomeza avuga ko imikorere ya Kagame ariyo guteranya abantu kugirango akomeze ashobore kuyoborera mu gitugu cye, yatanze urugero rw’ukuntu yagiranye ikibazo na Gen Kabarebe igihe bamuregaga icyaha cy’ubugande ariko mubyukuri byose uwari ubirinyuma ni Kagame. Yavuze ko yibuka igihe igisirikare kibazaga icyo kiribumushinje ariko Kagame ubwe umugaba w’ikirenga w’ingabo agahamagara abaza abasirikare batari bazi n’icyo azira aho ari bufungirwe. Kagame agatanga amategeko ko bamufungira aho adashobora gusurwa n’umuntu numwe, ibi bigaragara nk’igikorwa kiyicwa rubozo ryo mu mutwe ( Psychology torture) bitemewe n’amasezerano mpuzamahanga arengera uburenganzira bw’ikiremwa muntu u Rwanda rwashyizeho umukono. Kuriwe aya mabwiriza yose yavaga kwa Kagame. Yakomeje atubwira ko ibi arizimwe mu ntwaro Kagame akoresha mu Yakomeje avuga we na mugenzi Gen Kayumba bari muri Afrika y’Epfo kuburyo bwemewe n’amategeko, kandi ko biteguye gusubiza ibirego bashijwa na Porikirere mukuru wa Repuburika y’u Rwanda. Kuri Col Karegeya “ dutegereje ko Leta y’u Rwanda itanga ikirego tukaburana, jye na mugenzi wanjye twese turi abanyamategeko ntabwo tuzirirwa dushaka utwunganira, turiteguye kandi ntakibazo dufite iki n’ikibazo cya politiki tuzahurira mu nkiko” Umunyamakuru yarangije amabaza ukuntu yashoboye gutoroka u Rwanda, col Karegeya amusubizako uburyo yakoresheje atabutangaza kuko hari benshi mu Rwanda bakeneye kubukoresha. “n’ ibanga ryanjye kuko ndamutse mbutangaje naba mfunze inzira z’abandi benshi cyane bashaka gukoresha inzira nakoresheje”. Charles I. [email protected] Urup. 5 UBUREZI UMUVUGIZI VOL.77, 13 - 30 Kanama, 2010 Kaminuza nkuru y’u Rwanda mu mazi abira B Hagati y’ukuri n’ikinyoma cy’abanyapolitiki avandimwe, mwumvise ko mu mpera z’umwaka ushize wa 2009, Inteko ishinga Amategeko yakoze itohoza ku bibazo byugarije Kaminuza z’u Rwanda. Mumaze igihe kandi mwumva ko kaminuza Nkuru y’u Rwanda(UNR) yugarijwe n’ibibazo by’ingutu. Ni muri urwo rwego , kuwa 13/7/2010 aba biyita Intumwa za Rubanda baherutse gutumiza Ministri ushinzwe uburezi Dr MURIGANDE Charles, ngo atange ibisobanuro ku bibazo bivugwa muri icyi cyegeranyo bakaba baribanze kuri UNR, akaba ariyo mpamvu uyu Ministri yari aherekejwe n’umuyobozi ( Recteur) wa Kaminuza Nkuru y’u Rwanda , Profeseri Lwakabamba Silas. Mu bibazo n’ibisobanuro byatanzwe, wasangaga Ministri yerekana ko nta bibazo bihari, ariko abamutumiye bakerekana ko iriya Kaminuza igeze aharindimuka. Nubwo Lwakabamba wafatwaga nka Nyirabayazana wa biriya bibazo atahawe ijambo, ntibyamubujije kwerekana kuva akiva muri iryo tumizwa, ko ibyo bavuga kuri kaminuza ye ari ibinyoma akoresheje Internet n’amanama muri Kaminuza. Hagati ya Lwakabamba na ziriya ntumwa za Rubanda, ukuri kuri he ? Nkaba mbere ya byose nshimira UMUVUGIZI umpaye aka kanya ngo ngeze ku basomyi, uko byifashe muri iyi kaminuza nigishamo, maze bishakire ukuri. “Illuminatio et salus populi” yanenzwe na Lwakabamba irasimburwa. Burya ngo ibijya gushya birashyuha, umuyobozi w’iyi kaminuza, Profeseri Lwakabamba Silas,umunyarwanda wanze kuvuga ikinyarwanda akizi akaba yiyita Umutanzaniya kugirango yihemberwe umushahara utubutse nk’uko turi bubibone hasi,akiza kuyobora iki kaminuza avuye muri KIST yivugira ko abayobozi b’u Rwanda bamusabye kuza guhindura byinshi. Yarahageze rero yemeza ko abamubanjirije ntacyo bakoze. Ikintu cya mbere yabanje guhindura nyuma y’impaka nyinshi, akaza gufata icyemezo yari yahawe na Leta, ni indangakerekezo(motto) cya UNR yatangiranye igishingwa muri 1963: ”Illuminatio et Salus Populi”( Urumuri n’agakiza ka Rubanda ).Ati abakoresheje iyi ndagakerekezo bakoze Jenoside. Ubucucike mu mashuri, inzozi mu isomero Iyi kaminuza yari yarateganijwe kwakira abanyeshuri batarenga 800 ubu ifite abagera ku bihumbi birenga icumi(10,000). Icyumba cy’isomero (classroom)cyagenewe abantu 80, usanga higiramo abanyeshuri 200, abahagaze nk’uko mureba baba baruta umubare w’abicaye. Hari aho no guhagarara bitabonerwa umwanya uhagije, abanyeshuri bakigabanyamo amatsinda, bityo itsinda rimwe rikiga uyu munsi rigafata notes , irindi rigakomereza aho ubutaha,ibi bigaragara cyane nko mu ishami( faculty) rya Sciences Economiques. Ibi bituma abanyeshuri batize bigira kubuyera mu mugi wa Butare. [email protected] Uburezi mu marembera Ingaruka y’indi yo kwakira abanyeshuri benshi barenze ubushobozi bwa UNR, ni uko isomero (Library) ry’iyi kaminuza ryari ryarateganirijwe abanyeshuri batarenga magana ane (400),nkuko twabivuze hejuru,urabona ko ugereranije n’umubare w’abanyeshuri bose, 99% barangiza amashuri yabo batarakandagiza ikirenge muri ririya somero. Iki kibazo cy’ubucucike mu mashuri, abanyeshuri bigeze kukibaza Ministri Mutsindashyaka, maze ararakara ati: “ Murashaka kuvutsa amahirwe abana b’abanyarwanda bariho bashaka kuza hano muri kaminuza?”. Uku kwakira abanyeshuri birenze ubushobozi bwa kaminuza bikaba ngo bituruka kubyo Perezida Kagame Paulo yasezeranyije abanyarwanda yiyamaza mu matora yo muri 2003, ko natorwa buri mwana aziga amashuri yisumbuye na Kaminuza. Iterabwoba ku Barimu Inteko yemeza ko nta gushyikirana ( lack of communication) hagati y’abayobozi n’abarimu kuba muri kaminuza ya Butare, ahubwo hakoreshwa uburyo bwa internet n’amatangazo yanditse, ibi bikaba bituma abarimu badatanga ibitekerezo byabo. Lwakabamba we siko abibona kuko yemeza ko abonana n’abarimu gatatu mu mwaka. Ubwo izindi kaminuza mu bindi bihugu, umwarimu yemerewe mu kugira ubwisanzure mu kazi ke,usanga abarimu hano muri kaminuza twarapfukiranwe kurusha itangazamakuru ryacu. Iyo usobanura isomo ugomba kwikandagira mubyo uvuga byose kuko uba uzi ko birara bigeze kwa ba maneko ba Kagame.Sibyo gusa ariko kuko na Rector Lwakabamba ubwe yishyiriyeho uburyo bwe bwo kuneka abarimu, bunabatesha agaciro imbere y’abanyeshuri. Mubyukuri Profeseri Lwakabamba yabwiye abanyeshuri mu Manama yagiye agirana nabo kujya batanga raporo ku barimu, aba nabo bamenyeshejwe iryo terabwoba mu nyandiko yabagejejeho abereka nimero ye ya telefoni na email abanyeshuri bazajya bakoresha babarega. Abanyeshuri rero bahawe numero za telerefone bazajya boherezaho ubutumwa bugufi( messages) kuri telerefone ya Lwakabamba no : 0788300166 cyangwa kuri email ye :rector@ nur.ac.rw. Abanyeshuri bagiye barega abarimu babona batabaha amanota y’agatsi , bakavuga ko banze kwigisha mu cyongereza, ibi bikitwa ko upinga politike ya Leta. Lwakabamba ntatinya guharanga no kwandagaza abavuzwe muri ubwo butumwa bugufi, bw’ibihuha bwavuye ku banyeshuri. Urugero mu kwa gatandatu 2009, mu nama y’abarimu n’abakozi ba UNR, yandagaje Umwarimu witwa Mugunga wigisha muri Sciences Economiques, ngo yavuze ko azigisha mu gifaransa ngo nacyo ni rumwe mu ndimi zemewe na Leta mu burezi. Ati “ndamwirukana nta kindi, kuko apinga politike ya guverinema.” Abarimu twese twaguye mu kantu, twinginga Lwakabamba ngo ace inkoni izamba ababarire uriya mugenzi wacu wari ugiye kubura akazi no kubuzwa amahoro na za maneko za Kagame. Ni kenshi abarimu bagiye basaba ko habaho inama zinyuranye n’umuyobozi mukuru wungirije wa Kaminuza ushinzwe Imali(VRAF)n’umuyobozi ushinzwe abakozi ariko ibyifuzo byabo ntibihabwe agaciro. Akenshi uyu Recteur abonana n’abarimu iyo hari umuyobozi mukuru ( Guverinema) uzagenderera iyi kaminuza,kugirango abacace yumve ibyo uwo muyobozi ashobora kubwirwa. Aha mubwirwa ibyo muzavuga wabirengaho ugahanwa. Ni muri urwo rwego ubwo Mutsindashyaka na Mujawamariya baheruka gusura UNR, hari abanyeshuri barenze 3 birukanwe; n’umwarimu wirukanwe ubwo Kagame aheruka kugenderera Kaminuza Nkuru ya Butare. Imishahara mibi ku banyarwanda ,indengakamere ku banyamahanga. Inteko yemeje ko abarimu benshi bahunga UNR buri mwaka kubera imishahara mibi . Aha Lwakabamba aremeza ko koko abarimu b’inzobere bagera kuri mirongo irindwi(70), bahunga UNR buri mwaka bajya gukora muri za ministeri n’imiryango itegamiye kuri Leta (NGOs).Iyi nteko iratangazwa n’ukuntu Lwakabamba ntacyo akora ngo abarimu boye kuva muri iyi kaminuza ( Teaching Staff retention) Mu nama y’Abaterankunga n’Abayobozi ba UNR, yabereye muri Hotel SERENA muri Mata 2009 yafunguwe n’uwari Ministri w’uburezi Dr Gahakwa Dafrose, abayobozi ba kaminuza bagaragarije abanyamahanga bari batumijwe, ko kaminuza ikeneye inkunga yo kwagura inyubako zayo. Abo bayobozi bongeyeho kandi ko kuva mu mwaka w’2002 iyi kaminuza imaze gutakaza abarimu barenga 100 ku barimu 500 yari ifite, abarimu benshi bakaba bakomeje guhunga iyi kaminuza kubera imishahara y’intica ntikize kandi hakaba nta n’agashimo ku burambe ku kazi kagitangwa. Abari mu nama bose babwiye abayobozi ba UNR ko ikihutirwa atari ukubaka amazu , ahubwo ari ugushaka ukuntu abarimu batakomeza guhunga iyi kaminuza, kuko hari amazu n’abanyeshuri nta burere bwaboneka nta barimu. Ibi byongeye kugarukwaho n’Inteko ishinga amategeko ubwo yatumizaga Ministri ushinzwe uburezi na Lwakabamba ku wa kabiri 13/7/2010 aho bemezaga ko kuva 2002 kugeza ubu, UNR imaze gutakaza abarimu barenga 175 kubera imicungire mibi. Muri SERENA, umuyobozi wungirije wa UNR ushinzwe inyigisho, umwongereza nawe uhembwa akayabo( +12,000 Pound Sterlings), yabwiye abari aho ko atumva ukuntu Leta y’u Rwanda ikora buriya busumbane mu mishahara udasanga mu bindi bihugu.Yatanze urugero rwa za kaminuza zindi yakozemo mbere yo kuza gukora mu Rwanda, aho umunyamahanga n’umwenegihugu bahembwa amafranga amwe: Nairobi University, Dar Es Salaam University na Kaminuza Nkuru ya Malawi. Zimwe mu ngero z’ubwo busumbane hagati ya’abarimu I Butare: Umuyobozi Wungirije ushinzwe Amasomo ”Academic Vicerector” Martin O’Hara( Umwongereza, ufite grade Doctor), ahembwa amafranga y’amongereza( Pound) ibihumbi cumi na bibiri( 12,000 Pound ), akaba ahwanye n’amafranga y’u Rwanda miliyoni cumi n’ibihumbi maganacyenda na makumyabiri (10,920,000FRW)buri kwezi udashyizemo uduhimbazamusyi tundi aba banyamahanga bahabwa, recteur(Umunyarwanda wiyita Umutanzaniya), ahembwa amadolari y’amanyamerika ibihumbi cumi( 10,000 US$) bikaba bingana na hafi miliyoni esheshatu z’amanyarwanda(6,000,000FRW), udashyizemo utundi duhimbazamusyi. Reba uko abadepite bavuga kuri utwo duhimbazamusyi duhabwa Recteur wo muri KIST :transport ni Ibihumbi magana inani na mirongo ine n’amafranga magana atanu na mirongo icyenda n’ane (840,594FRW), inzu= miliyoni imwe n’ibihumbi magana abiri (1,200,000FRW), agahimbazamusyi ko kurangiza umwaka(annual graduity= gahabwa abanyamahanga gusa) ni Miliyoni imwe n’ibihumbi magana atatu na mirongo inani na birindwi, n’amafranga magana abiri (1,387,200FRW ), gusukura urugo ni Amafranga y’amongereza ibihumbi makumyabiri n’icyenda na magana atanu(29,500 Pound) angana na miliyoni cumi n’esheshatu n’ibihumbi magana inani na mirongo ine na bitanu by’amafranga y’u Rwanda (16,845,000FRW), hejuru y’umushahara ungana n’amadolari y’amerika Komeza kurup. 6 Urup. 6 UBUREZI UMUVUGIZI VOL.77, 13 - 30 Kanama, 2010 Bivuye kurup 5 ibihumbi bitandatu na magana atanu (6,500 US$), hafi miliyoni enye za buri kwezi z’amanyarwanda(4,000,000FRW). Umuyobozi wungirije wa kaminuza ushinzwe imari( Vice-Recteur Financier,ufite grade Doctor), ahembwa ibihumbi magana inani by’Amanyarwanda( 8 0 0 , 0 0 0 F RW ) , u y u a k a b a a r i umunyarwanda. Umwarimu ufite Ph.D impamyabushobozi y’ikirenga w’umunyarwanda(Dr), ahembwa ibihumbi Magana atatu y’u Rwanda( 300,000FRW) bingana n’amadolari maganatandatu (600 US$) gusa, mu gihe mugenzi we w’umurundi , umuhinde, cyangwa umuganda ufite iyo mpamyabushobozi afata byibura amadolari ibihumbi bitatu buri kwezi (3000US$) , bikaba bingana n’amafranga miliyoni imwe n’ibihumbi magana arindwi na mirongo ine y’u Rwanda (1,740,000FRW),ubwo ni ukuvuga ko bakuba mugenzi wabo w’umunyarwanda incuro hafi esheshatu, maze ugerekeho na twa duhimbazamusyi twavuze haruguru. Ukurikije rero uko ubuzima bugenda buhenda mu Rwanda uko iminsi ije indi igataha, cyane cyane muri Butare, usanga aya mafaranga yarahindutse nka ya serum ya mbere ya 1994. Umwarimu uhembwa iriya serum agomba kuyikodeshamo inzu, akayihahamo ibyo kurya, akayikuramo aya transport, ayo kujyana abana mu mashuri, ayo gufasha umuryango, kwambara n’ibindi. Inzu zirahenze ku buryo , nta mwarimu ushobora kwigondera gukodesha inzu ya hariya ku i Taba usibye abanyamahanga bahembwa akayabo. Abarimu benshi usanga bajya gukodesha za Tumba, Cyarwa cyangwa i Ngoma, aho inzu ya make cyane usanga iri mu bihumbi ijana( 100,000FRW). Transport kuva hariya navuze hejuru, taxi moto iguca byibura amafrana magana ane , ubwo ni ukuvuga magana inani (800FRW) kugenda no kugaruka buri munsi, aha nabamenyesha ko abarimu b’abanyamahanga aribo akenshi bashobora kugura imodoka kuko, iyo ugiye kuri banki kuguza amafranga y’imodoka baraseka bakakubwira ngo umushahara wawe ntiwagura na gikumi(Toyota Crolla)!, Abanyarwanda bahitamo kugendesha amaguru bakeya bashobora gutega moto, bataraca amagare mu mujyi wa Butare bategaga amataxi y’amagare. Amashuri y’abana n’ikibazo kiremereye ufite umwana wiga ayisumbuye(Secondaire), ugomba guteganya byibura ibihumbi Magana atatu(300,000FRW) kuri buri mwana buri mwaka. Guhaha byo birakanganye, ikilo cy’ibishyimbo muri Butare kigura hagati y’amafranga magana ane na magana inani (400FRW-800FRW), ikilo cy’inyama y’inka kigakabakaba amafranga ibihumbi bibiri(2,000FRW), ikilo cy’umuceri wo hasi bita kigori kikagura amafranga igihumbi(1,000FRW). Gufasha umuryango n’inzozi, ngo utirahuriye ntarahurira undi, murabona ko umuntu adashobora kugira uwo afasha muri kariya kaga; niyo mpamvu usanga mwarimu yarabaye ruvumwa mu muryamgo ngo ni nyamwigendaho nk’ubugi bw’intorezo. Kuri iki kibazo, Lwakabamba n’Inteko Ishinga mategeko ntibakibona kimwe. Lwakabamba yemeza ko imishahara [email protected] y’abarimu b’abanyarwanda yongereweho 30%( hagati y’ibihumbi mirongo irindwi na mirongo icyenda y’amafranga y’u Rwanda( 70,000F na 90,000F). Ariko aha arabeshya kuko nawe ubwe ariyemerera ko iyi nyongera iterwa n’umutungo UNR yasaruye( Income Generation). Aya mafranga rero aza aturutse nko ku mafi ava mu byuzi bya UNR, no mu banyeshuri; hari igihe amara amezi n’amezi ntawe uyaciye iryera. Wabaza bati ntabwo ari uburenganzira bwawe ahubwo azajya ahabwa abakoze neza kurusha abandi, ugaceceka ngo batavuga ko uzanye amacakubiri! Ikibabaje cyane muri ubu busumbane Aba banyamahanga bahembwa imishahara y’indengakamere usanga abenshi bashyirwa mu nzego z’ubuyobozi(Abayobozi b’udushami,departments, Deans (abayobozi b’amashami) n’ahandi aho gufata ingwa ngo bajye mu ishuri nkatwe twese. Ibiri amambu, usanga aribo bariho bahiga abarimu b’abanyarwanda babatangira amaraporo ngo bagiye gukora ikiraka muri kaminuza zindi kandi bibujijwe! Ikindi kibabaje nuko usanga abenshi muri aba banyamahanga, bari mu biruhuko by’izabukuru (retraite cg retirement) iwabo cyane cyane abongereza bakaza bagahabwa kontaro mu Rwanda mu gihe abanyarwanda birukanwa hasigaye umunsi umwe ngo icyo kiruhuko cy’izabukuru kigere kandi bo bakiyemerera ko bagishoboye, bafite n’ubushake bwo gukomeza gukorera Kaminuza ariko bakangirwa. Natanga urugero rw’umwongereza witwa Roger Sapsford , uri mu myaka 70, akaba ari mu kiruhuko cy’iza bukuru iwabo, ariko akaba ari umwe mu bayobozi ba UNR, naho abasaza barya ingwa banayoboye UNR nyuma ya jenoside nka Prof Kambanda bakaba barajyanwe mu biruhuko by’izabukuru ku ngufu bakigeza ku myaka 65. Nanone Inteko yemeje ko hari abanyamahanga bahabwa akazi abanyarwanda bashoboye bagahembwa indengakamere. Aha bamuhaye urugero rw’umunyamabangakazi( Secretary) wa Recteur . Uyu muyobozi yashubije ko uyu mukobwa ahembwa amanyarwanda kandi ngo yaba yigisha! Niyo yaba ahembwa amanyarwanda ntabwo byumvikana ukuntu umuntu yava muri Canada cyangwa Arusha akaza gukora akazi umunyarwandakazi ashoboye!! Inyungu za politiki mbere y’uburezi Inteko yemeza ko abarimu hafi ya bose bategetswe kwigisha mu cyongereza nta bushobozi babifitye. Lwakabamba yemeza ko iki ari icyemezo cya Leta y’u Rwanda cyafashwe muri 2008, abarimu bose bakaba bagomba kucyubahiriza ubirenzeho agahanwa! Mubyukuri Icyemezo cya Leta cyo gutanga amasomo mu cyongereza ku buryo butunguranye kuva mu kwa mbere 2009, cyateye ibibazo byinshi bizakomeza kugira ingaruka mbi mu gihugu. Abarimu benshi ba UNR n’abari barize muri sisitemu ikoresha igifransa,n’abanyeshuri benshi hafi 90% ni abari bararangije mu mashuri yisumbuye aho inyigisho zatangwaga mu gifransa.Niyo mpamvu hari harashyizweho umwaka w’indimi ( Igifransa n’icyongereza) muri UNR kugirango buri munyeshuri azashobore gukurikira amasomo mu gihe haje umwarimu wigisha mu cyongereza cyangwa mu gifransa(Bilinguism system). Ni ukuvuga ko iki cyemezo cyo gushyira inyigisho mu cyongereza gusa cyatunguye abanyeshuri n’abarimu cyane. Ikindi nuko inzu y’isomero(Library) ibitabo byinshi biyirimo byanditse mu gifransa, ntabwo Leta ijya gushyiraho ririya tegeko yahise yumva ko igomba no kuzana ibitabo byo kwigishirizamo biri mu cyongereza. Umuyobozi Mukuru wungirije wa UNR ushinzwe inyigisho(Umwongereza), yavuze ko abarimu batazi icyongereza bagomba kwirwanaho bakajya bashyira isomo ryabo ku byuma maze bagashyira isomo ku rukuta (projection) abanyeshuri bakirwariza ariko ntubumbure akanwa ngo usobanure, hato utavaho uvuga igifransa ku barimu batumvaga icyongereza. Ibi ntibyashobotse kuko n’ibyo byuma ntibihagije kuko usanga buri shami ( Faculty) rifite icyo cyuma kimwe gusa. Kandi ubwo buryo nabwo ntibuhwitse kuko kwigisha hagomba kuba ibyo twita mu gifransa“ interaction” ( ibaza-subiza) hagati y’umwarimu n’umunyeshuri.Kugirango rero abarimu batitwa ibipinga bahisemo kujya bajya kuri internet bagafata ibijyanye n’isomo maze bakabiha abanyeshuri bakirwariza. Bityo, icyemezo cyafashwe huti huti ngo u Rwanda rujye muri Commonwealth cyazanye uburyo bushya bwo kwigisha umuntu yakwita “INDAGI”. Aha niho abanyeshuri bamwe batishimira ubu buryo bw’indagi bazanye imvugo nshya y’amarozi muri kaminuza; bati “ Mwarimu kanaka araroga”, bikaba bivuga ko adatanga isomo rye neza. Ubucuruzi mu burezi: Diplomu kuri buri wese Ikindi kintu mbona jyewe nk’umwarimu wigisha muri UNR cyashubije uburezi muri za kaminuza z’u Rwanda inyuma, ni ikintu nakwita guhatana mu bucuruzi kwa za kaminuza (Business Competition) atari mu gutanga ubumenyi ahubwo ari ugushaka uko buri kaminuza imenyekana cyane kugirango ubutaha izabone abakiliya benshi bayizanira inoti nyinshi. Bityo aho biga ntibatsindwe , niho abanyarwanda benshi birukira. Ni muri urwo rwego no muri UNR umunyeshuri ahabwa umukoro wo mu rugo akenshi akorana na bagenzi be ( travail pratique en groupe), uwo mukoro ukababa ufite 40% y’amanota muri iryo somo , ikizamini kikagira 60%. Ariko usanga abarimu benshi babusanya ikizamini kigahabwa 40%, uriya mukoro ugafata 60%, cyangwa se hakabarwa uriya mukoro gusa ( TP) 100%. Akenshi usanga hari abanyeshuri benshi barangiza batarigeze bakora uriya mukoro byose bigakorwa n’umuntu umwe wo mu gatsinda ( groupe) cyangwa se uwo yahaye amafranga iyo ari umukoro wa buri muntu nko muri Sciences,cyangwa se mu Buvuzi. Ibi bikitwa mu mvugo y’abanyeshuri KUDODESHA. Na za memoires zisigaye zandikwa gusa nta kuzisobanura(Defence), inyinshi zikaba zidodeshwa nta gihano . Ubundi buriganya bukorwa n’abanyeshuri bukareberwa n’abayobozi ni ibyo bita GUHEKA, ibi bikaba bivuga gukopera , aho usanga umunyeshuri wafashwe akopera nta gihano gikarishye abona. Ikindi nuko umuntu watsinzwe isomo, usanga yakoze ikizami cya kabiri ( 2e session) yagitsindwa agahabwa iya gatatu,atayitsinda ubwo Senat ya UNR ikaba yashyizeho amategeko mashya yo kurengera abo baswa, bityo umwaka utaha ba baswa bose mugahurira mu wa kabiri niba bari mu wambere.Niba hari abatsinzwe Recteur ategeka abakuru b’amashami kwisobanura, ati aba bantu kuki bagiye kuducika bajya ahandi, bityo mbere ya Déliberation , ba Doyens bashyira igitutu ku barimu ngo bagende bashaka uko abanyeshuri bose batsinda bakazajyana amalistes muri sena imbere ya Lwakabamba n’ibyishimo byinshi ko nta muntu watsinzwe iwabo! Uburyo bwo kwigisha butirano n’ibikoresho bidahagije Inteko yemeza ko Abarimu batigeze bahugurwa mu buryo bushya bigishamo muri Kaminuza (MODULES).Lwakabamba we akemeza ko habaye amahugurwa kuri ubu buryo bushya.Icyo navuga aha nk’umwarimu wigisha muri iyi kaminuza nuko, usibye n’abarimu n’abazanye ubu buryo bushya bwo kwigisha batabusobanukiwe. Mubyo ukuri usanga nk’amasomo ane cyangwa atatu ashyirwa hamwe akigishwa n’abarimu banyuranye.Wareba icyahindutse ugereranije n’igihe buri somo ryigishwaga ukwaryo ukakibura!Ikindi kibazo kiboneka kuri ubu buryo ni ukuntu Amashami ( Faculties) yifata mu gihe cy’Ibizami. Usanga hari amashami afata ya masomo ane agize module ,abarimu bayo bagaterana bagategura ikizami kimwe!Aha murumva uko umunyeshuri amererwa mu gihe agomba gusubiramo amasomo ane icyarimwe akaza yose kuyasuzumirwaho icyarimwe.Ubundi buryo bukoreshwa n’andi mashami ni uko buri mwarimu ategura ikizami cy’isomo rye akagishyikiriza abanyeshuri maze amanota yose agashyirwa hamwe akaza kwitirirwa Module yose. Inteko yemeje kandi ko ibitabo biri mu isomero rya UNR(Library), bidahagije , ndetse ngo hari n’ibindi usanga byaratumijwe kera ubu bikaba binyanyagiye hasi mu isomero. Aha Lwakabamba yemeje ko ibitabo bihagije ku buryo buri munyeshuri afite ibitabo bigera kuri 12 . ( 12books/student). Nkuko nigeze kubivuga hejuru, ibitabo biri muri kaminuza birashaje cyane kandi ibyinshi biri mu gifransa mu gihe amasomo yose ubu atangwa mu cyongereza. Ikindi cyagarutsweho n’abo twita Intumwa za rubanda, ni Mudasobwa zidahagije n’ibindi bikoresho , bakaba batanga urugero mu ishuri ry’Itangazamakuru, aho abanyeshuri maganabiri na batandatu (206)basangira mudasobwa icumi (10)gusa n’ibyuma bifotora bitandatu (6) ! Aha ntacyo Lwakabamba yongeraho. Ikindi kibazo cyagarutsweho ni uburaro budahagije bw’abanyeshuri, ku buryo abenshi barara kure ya Kaminuza abandi inkuta zikaba zigiye kubagwaho kubera amazi yinjira murizo , cyane cyane amazu yubatswe nyuma ya 1994. Aha Lwakabamba avuga ko UNR iriho yubaka amazu hazabamo uburaro igihumbi na magana abiri (1200). Iyo abanyeshuri bakubwiye ubuzima babamo wumva bibabaje cyane! Iyo umwaka utangiye mu kwa mbere abenshi usanga barara ku muhanda Ruhande-Tumba akenshi n’ imvura rugeretse, bategereje ko babona udufranga ( bourse) ngo bajye gupangisha i Tumba. Abandi bakaba barara ari babiri (2) ku gatanda kamwe. Ibi bikaba ari ibyo bita kumakiza. Uwo igitanda cyanditseho ( boss) asembereza undi Komeza kurup. 7 Urup. 7 UBUREZI UMUVUGIZI VOL.77, 13 - 30 Kanama, 2010 Bivuye kurup 6 ( maquisard), akenshi uyu usembera atanga ibihumbi mirongo itanu (50,000F akabiha boss we) byo kugura icyo bita URUBAVU rumwe ku mwaka. Ubu byabaye itegeko muri 2010, kubera impamvu z’umutekano muri Kaminuza, nta boss nta maquisard, bose bandikwa ku gitanda kimwe na UNR. Urugaga rw’abarimu” APARU “baringa mu kwaha kwa FPR Uru rugaga rw’abarimu rugizwe n’abarimu bose ba Kaminuza, wabishaka utabishaka. Iyo umaze kwemerwa kwigisha muri kaminuza UNR, usanga ku gapapuro uhemberwaho bagukuyeho amafranga buri kwezi . Uru rugaga rero mubyukuri aho kuvuganira abarimu usanga abayobozi batowe buri gihe baba ingwate za Recteur na FPR. Uyu Recteur , usanga ari umukozi wa FPR kurusha kuba umuyobozi wa Kaminuza ubundi utagombye kwivanga mu bibazo bya Politike. Ni muri urwo rwego rero aba barimu iyo bamaze gutorerwa kuyobora APARU, recteur abihererana akabaha amabwiriza ndakuka aranga icyama cya FPR. Ati: “ imyigaragambyo ntiyemewe muri kaminuza, ku banyeshuri no ku barimu, ibibazo byose murabimbwira nkabikemura.”. Hagira ubaza ikibazo cy’imishahara akarebwa ikijisho , Recteur ati :”uze neza , ntuze ufite AMACAKUBIRI no KUGOMESHA.Ibibazo by’imishahara naje mbisangaho, nta muti w’icyo kibazo. Ni ukwicara mugashaka uko muzajya mukora ubushashatsi maze mukabona amafranga.” Bati ese ko (Consultancy) ari nke kandi niyo umuntu yanditse ibidashimishije Leta abizira(Bagatanga nk’urugero kuri Dr Mushara Herman igihe yandikaga k’ubukungu bw’u Rwanda(Assessment of Poverty Reduction in Sub-Sahara:The Case of Rwanda-OSSREA 2008), bikarakaza Kagame agategeka Ministri w’imari Musoni wari mu muhango wo kumurika ibyagezweho n’itsinda ry’abarimu riyobowe na Dr MUSAHARA, gusaba imbabazi muri Guverinoma; kuva icyo gihe kandi Kagame yaba yarabwiye abatanga Consultancy kutazajya batanga ibiraka byazo ku bantu ba UNR I Butare), Lwakabamba ati:” Mujye mwandika ibishimisha Leta cyangwa mureke kwandika. ” Ikindi aba batowe babwirwa kumvisha bagenzi babo ko kujya mu bushakashatsi( Paper presentation, research )hanze y’igihugu bigomba kwakirwa impushya zidasanzwe. Ibi rero bikaba binyura mu nzego nyinshi zinyuranye za kaminuza akenshi zikorana n’inzego z’Iperereza. Iyo ushaka kujya hanze mu bushakashatsi, ugomba kubaha ibyo ugiye gukoraho ubushakashatsi, aho uzaca, uzarara, igihe uzagarukira,n’ibindi. Aha rero hasoka umuntu uri mu kwaha kwa FPR. Ikindi uru rugaga rugomba gusobanurira abarimu nuko abantu batagomba guteranira mu nyubako za UNR (Gusenga cyangwa amanama) batatse uruhushya. Ikindi uru rugaga rwumvisha abarimu ni ukutavuga Politike y’u Rwanda unenga icyo aricyo cyose mu gihe wigisha kabone niyo waba uriho utanga isomo rijyanye na politike.Kubera rero uku gufatwa bugwate kw’aba bayobozi ba APARU usanga, abarimu badashishikarira kwiyamamaza ku buyobozi bwayo, nkuko badashishikarira kwitabira inama zayo akenshi usanga zuzuyemo amabwiriza y’i Bukuru aho guharanira inyungu z’abarimu babatoye [email protected] Uburezi mu marembera kubahagararira. UNR yararumbije. Mubyo ukuri ntawavuga ko iyi kaminuza itagize uruhare mu iterambere ry’u Rwanda cyane cyane gato nyuma y’ubwigenge ikimara gushingwa muri 1963. Ibi byagezweho kuko akenshi ubuyobozi bwari mu maboko y’abantu wabonaga bashaka koko iterambere ry’iyi kaminuza n’igihugu muri rusange, bagashyirwaho hakurikijwe ubushishozi bw’abayoboraga igihugu hakurikijwe inyungu z’u Rwanda. Ubu rero siko bimeze usanga n’abantu bagiye barangiza muri iyi kaminuza bakora muri Leta banafata n’ibyemezo politike byo hejuru baratereranye iyi kaminuza. Abenshi bazi ko kunenga Lwakabamba uri mu kwaha k’ubutegetsi byabaviramo kwitwa ibipinga, cyangwa kugira ingengabitekerezo bakaba bakwiburira umugati wabo, bagahitamo kwicecekera. Bivugwa ko Lwakabamba yagiye anengwa kenshi kwa Kagame ariko Ministri MUSONI James akemeza ko ari amashyari bamugirira, bikaba bivugwa ko uyu muyobozi afitanye ubucuruzi bukomeye n’abantu b’ibukuru ibizwi cyane akaba ari sosiyete y’ubwubatsi, imwe muzinjiriza akayabo icyama cya FPR, Fair Construction. Abasenateri n’Abadepite bakoraga muri iyi kaminuza, nabo usanga ntacyo bayimariye.Abarimu twagiye tubabaza impamvu batatuvugira bati:”Byabindi mwatubwiye, mwatwandikiye byose twabishyize muri raporo, maze Perezida wa Sena Dr BIRUTA, adutegeka gukuramo ikintu cyose kivuga Lwakabamba. Abarimu b’iyi kaminuza ntibazibagirwa amagambo yavuzwe na ba Ministri Dr MUJAWAMARIYA Jeanne d’Arc na Mutsindashyaka ubwo basuraga UNR, ubwo abarimu babazaga ibyerekeye ubusumbane mu mishahara burangwa muri iyi kaminuza, maze uyu mudamu agasubizanya agasuzuguro ngo “ Utishimye azazinge uturago agende, ubwenge buragurishwa ku isoko!!!!”. Ndabibutsa ko uyu mudamu yari mugenzi wacu hano muri kaminuza mbere yuko Kagame amuha umugati mu rwego rw’itekinika. Mu ruzinduko rw’aba bategetsi bombi, Murwanashyaka yaboneyeho akanya ko gutuka abarimu arabandagaza, ariko asiga aduhaye na ka byendagusetsa, ati “Muranga kwigisha mu cyongereza kubera iki ko ari ururimi rworoshye ko rutagira sexe nk’igifransa!”. Twasanze aha yarashakaga kuvuga genre( masculin na Feminin). Ministri Murigande na Karangwa bayoboye iyi kaminuza, Ntawukuriryayo yabaye umuyobozi wungirije, abasenateri n’abadepite batandukanye, bose baciye muri iyi kaminuza, ibibazo bayisiganye barabizi ariko igitangaje ni ukuntu bakimara kugera mu myanya y’icyubahiro n’imishahara y’indengakamere bahise bayitera umugongo aho kuba abavugizi beza. Kubera ibyo , ntitwatangajwe na diskuru yavuzwe na perezida Kagame ubwo aheruka kudusura kuri 23/08/2009, aho yemezaga ko nta burezi bufatika iyi kaminuza igitanga; maze impamvu zose z’uku kudohoka akazishyira ku barimu; akarangiza agira ati:” Yego nziko mushaka ko babongeza kubera ko imishahara yanyu itajyanye n’igihe tugezemo, ariko se kandi barabongeza mwakoze iki ? Nimubanze munyereke igikorwa.” Uyu Kagame , ntawamurenganya kuko mubyo ukuri ntiyaciye muri iyi kaminuza, ndetse ’ibya Kaminuza ntabizi,ariko se nk’aba navuze hejuru bayirerewemo ,abenshi bakayikoramo kuki badasobanurira Kagame ko ikibazo atari abarimu ahubwo ari politiki ye mbi ariko ahanini akaba biterwa no kutamenya ibyakamenuza, ubutegetsi bwe n’abo yagabiye bayigejeje aharindimuka!Uwavuga ko aba bayobozi bayisotsemo bakaba bari muri bamwe bayisonga , bayibereye ibirumbo ntiyaba abeshye. Kwitana Bamwana no gutekinika Icyadutangaje rero twebwe abarimu ba UNR, ni ukuntu Lwakabamba yatumijwe mu Nteko Ishinga Amategeko akavamo atisobanuye, akavugirwa nk’umwana w’igitambabuga na Ministri Murigande.! Ibiri amambu Lwakabamba yakoresheje inama muri kaminuza kuri 15/7/2010 yumvisha abantu ko muri Kaminuza ibintu bigenda neza, ko abakoze raporo yashyikirijwe Intumwa za Kagame ari ibihubutsi by’injiji kuko bavuze ko hari mudasobwa 50 kandi hari izirenga 800. Ariko kumva ko umubare wa mudasobwa ari munini ntawe byashitura, kuko izo mudasobwa nazo niyo zaba 1000, ntacyo zimaze kuko ibyo ukoreraho byose baba bagucunga bakubuza amahoro. Ukumva umuhinde atanze itangazo ko umukuru w’isosiyete muri Japan yavuze ko hari uwamwinjiriye muri system wo muri UNR, bati twaracukumbuye dusanga iyo computer ari no--- kandi iri aha n’aha: Bwacya bati abafite laptops mwese muze kuzandikisha muri serivisi ibishinzwe. Ikindi Lwakabamba yongeyeho kugirango yerekane ko UNR yateye imbere ngo nuko yavuye mu mwanya uyu n’uyu mu mwaka uyu n’uyu ikaba iri muri uyu mwanya muri uyu mwaka. Ibi iyo abivuze wumva bishekeje cyane. Iri piganwa rya za kaminuza ntaho ryigeze riba. Ahubwo ni abantu birebera za sites za internet za kaminuza , bakavuga bati iyi ifite amabara meza, iragaragara neza,….etc. Sinzi ko icyo hari icyo cyunguye mu iterambere ry’u Rwanda? Nkuko mu Rwanda rero tumenyereye itekinika, uko kwerekana ko Kaminuza ya Butare yateye imbere usanga, Abahinde n’Abongereza aribo birirwa kuri izo za mudasobwa bavuga ibitangaza twagezeho n’ukuntu UNR iri hafi kugeza u Rwanda ku ntego z’ikinyagihumbi ( Millenium Development Goals MDGs)no mu cyerekezo twihaye cya 2020(Vision 2020).soma izi website zitangwa n’uyu muhinde Jawahar MANICKAM (umwe mu bayobozi ba UNR ngo ushinzwe ICT muri Kaminuza ya Butare ) Abarimu ba kaminuza twishimiye ihamagarwa rya Ministri Murigande mu Nteko ishinga amategeko kuri 13/7/2010 ariko twanenze amagambo yahavugiye. Kuvuga ko nta bibazo biri muri UNR ngo hari utubazo duto byerekana ko leta y’u Rwanda ititaye ku burezi mu gihugu.Ya viziyo 2020 birirwa baririmba bazayigeraho bate mu gihe nta burezi bw’ukuri buhabwa abanyarwanda ngo bazahangane na bagenzi babo ku isoko ry’akazi mu muryango w’Afrika y’Iburasirazuba?Ikindi kerekana ko inyungu z’abantu ziza mbere y’izigihugu ni ukuntu uyu muministri yavuze ngo niba Lwakabamba yananiwe bazamwimurira ahandi! Ni gute umuntu akwereka ko adashoboye ukamushyira mu wundi mwanya naho ajya kuzambya kandi hari ababishoboye ? Ibi birasa naba baministri abantu bavuga ko bananiwe ariko kubera inyungu za politike ugasanga bariho barimurirwa muzindi za ministeri!Twishimiye imvugo ya Depite MUKANDAYISENGA Yvone, wavuze ko Lwakabamba yananiwe kandi ko abifitiye ibihamya, igitangaje ni ukuntu uyu mudepite atashyize hanze izi gihamya,maze na Lwakabamba yisobanure ngo abanyarwanda bamenye aho ibintu bipfira.Niyo mpamvu nsabye abasoma iyi nyandiko, ko bongeraho ibyo babwiwe n’ibyo biboneye bagashaka aho ukuri kuri hagati y’ukuri kwa Lwakabamba wemeza ko ibintu ari munangi muri UNR, n’ukuri kw’Inteko Ishinga Amategeko kwemeza ko nta kigenda. Ariko njye uko mbyumva, guhamagaza Lwakabamba mu Nteko umuharanga uvuga ko yazambije UNR, ni nko gutumiza mu nteko umukuru w’Akagari runaka umubaza impamvu Gacaca zamariye abantu mu buroko, abantu bariho bishyuza imitungo muri Gacaca, mu kagari ke! N’ubundi ngo ziteshwa umubazi zigafatira umufashi! Icyo njye nagaya Lwakabamba gusa ni ukuntu yataye umurimo we w’ubwarimu wamuheshaga ishema muri Kaminuza ya Dar Es Salaam,akaza gufatanya ubushoramari na FPR abukomatanyije n’uburezi, bityo aho kuba umuyobozi, akaba yarahindutse Umupolisi wa FPR muri Kaminuza ya Butare. Erega n’ubundi ngo imirimo ibiri yananiye impyisi. Nziza N. [email protected] Urup. 8 Politiki UMUVUGIZI VOL.77, 13 - 30 Kanama, 2010 KAGAME IKIBAZO MU RWANDA NO MU KARERE Nyakubahwa Muyobozi Mukuru w’Ikinyamakuru Umuvugizi gikorera mu buhungiro N k’uko nabibasezeranyije, nongeye kubandikira nifuza kubagezaho ibitekerezo byanjye kandi nabashimira ko imwe munyandiko naboherereje mwayitambukije. Nkaba mboneye ho n’umwanya wo gushimira abasomyi b’iki kinyamakuru, banyandikiye ari benshi bashimira kandi bana ngezaho ibitekerezo bishya kandi byubaka ndetse harimo n’ibibazo, ndimo kugerageza kubishyira hamwe nzongere nandike inyandiko nzabagezaho vuba. Byanyeretse ko abanyarwanda bafite inyota yo kwibohoza, muhumure tuzabigeraho, bitinde bitebuke, icya ngombwa n’ukubitekereza. Rero basomyi, banyarwanda, banyarwandakazi, uru rugamba twiyemeje rwo gushyira ahagaragara ibikorwa bibi bya Paulo Kagame, ni mwambare tururwane, dushirike ubwoba, n’ubundi “ NTAHOTURI N’UMWANA W ’ U M U N YA RWA N D A ” . Nkabitsamuye, twamagane iterabwoba ry’uyu mugabo ahejejemo abanyarwanda bari imbere mu gihugu ndetse akanaryambukana mu mahanga arisangishayo na bamuhunze ngo bamuhe amahoro ari nako nabo bishakira amahoro. Akoresheje Escadron de la mort iyobowe ku isonga na Brig. Gen Jack Nziza, harimo Umukuru wa Polisi y’Igihugu Big. Gen Emmanuel Gasana, Col. Dan Munyuza, Col. Gacinya Rubagumya, Col Emmanuel Ndahirio,Musoni James , Capt. Jacques Kabengera, Capt. Karangwa, tutaretse na Gen Kabarebe James. Aka gatsiko niko Kagame akoresha mu kworeka ingogo mu Rwanda no kw’isi hose. Mu magambo ye ati “...Ndahamya ko mu Rwanda tuzabigeraho, ariko abari hanze ni mureke tubabuze urwinyagamburiro”, guhera ku ntumwa ze (abadepite) zose zikoma amashyi, zishimiye ko atutse abantu cyangwa zigasobanura zibeshya amahanga ibyo zizi ko ataribyo. Abo bantu iyo baje mubutumwa hanze, bazana n’abo bicanyi kugira ngo biyenyegeze(infiltration) aho turi, igihe nikigera batangire bice uwo bashaka, bakomeretse uwo bashaka. Tubavumbure aho bari hose, tubamenye, [email protected] gihugu. Abana bari bayobowe na Lt Murenzi binjira ishyamba batyo, bagiye gushoza intambara. Muri bwabugome bwa Kagame na Kabarebe wabaye esikoti we mu gihe cyose cya struggle, barabashuka nk’uko babikoreye Nkunda, Kabarebe arabahamagaza ngo nibaze baganire barebe icyo bakora aho guhangana kandi ari abavandimwe. Abana baremeye baraza, arangije, baraba zingira( barabagota) babarasa urufaya hapfamo 21 na Lt Murenzi arimo. Ari nabwo hatangiye ikibazo hagati y’abana bavuye Congo n’ubuyobozi bwa APR ubu yabaye RDF, kugira ngo babiyegereze, babajyanye bamwe mu PPU aho Tom Byabagamba na I.O Silas Udahemuka, babamariye kw’icumu. Perezida Kagame kandi duhangane nabo pe kahave. Tubereke Polisi yaho tuba kugira ngo ikore akazi kayo. Iyi nyandiko nyanditse nifuza kugeza kubasomyi ibintu bibi Kagame uyu akorera abaturanyi, ashaka nanone kunyura mu muryango w’inyuma ngo azanayobore Akarere niharamuka hemejwe Political Federation. Kwica Deni SEMADWIGA si uguhemuka gusa ahubwo birimo no kwikora mu nda, ariko ibi ntacyo bibwiye Kagame na Escadron de la Mort ye. Kuri bo “ni mukureho umwanda tuzasigare tuburana n’intumbi”. Mbere gato, intambara ya AFDL iyobowe na Kabila, amaze gutungurana abantu agakora coup d’Etat muri Revolution, Kagame na Kabarebe, baboneyeho umwanya wo kugera k’ubyo bashakaga, byo kuguma muri Congo, ari nabwo Kabila yamugiraga Umugaba Mukuru w’Ingabo za Congo. Noneho rimwe aza gusaba ko habaho abasirikare bamwe bataha mu Rwanda, ashaka ko habanza gutaha abana bavukiye muri Congo. Abana baranga, bati “twe aha n’iwacu ahubwo nimusubize abavuye Uganda na handi kuko bo n’abanyarwanda, twe tura bakongomani.” Kabarebe ashaka kubasubizayo ku ngufu, ariko, bageze kuri Goma banga kwambuka bati ahubwo turabarwanya, mutuvire mu Maze rero, Kagame ati: “ Jye nibonamo Nyerere!” wamugabo we wigeze ubona Nyerere yifuza gutuza abatanzaniya muri Uganda amaze gufasha Obote 1, amusubiza k’ ubutegetsi? None kuki wowe, udashaka kuva muri Congo, ahubwo ugashaka gutuza abanyaranda muri Congo rwihishwa? Ko wigereranya na Nyerere, muri za 1964, Kayibanda, arambiwe ibitero by’inyenzi,abifashijwemo na Kasavubu bashatse ko impunzi z’abanyarwanda zijya muri Amerika no muri Canada kugira ngo u Rwanda rutekane, ariko Nyerere yitegereje abo bategetsi n’abandi bari kumwe, abasaba ko babasaranganya aho kubajyana kure y’igihugu cyaba. Baranga, ariko we yaremeye arabatwara kugira ngo bazahore bareba iwabo, bahakumbure, kera kabaye bazahanire gutaha kuneza cyangwa ku nabi. Uko niko Camp ya Mwese yavutse, bapakira impunzi indege bazijyana Tanzania batyo. Bwana Kagame iyo vision uyifitiye izo mpunzi zabanye Congo ziri Byumba na Kibuye nahandi hose aho zigiye kwicirwa n’ubworo? Oya kabisa. Ejo bundi leta yawe yasinyanye na UNHCR na Canada amasezerano yo kuzijyana muri Canada, sibyo se? Ubwo urumva utabohereje kujya muburetwa n’ubucakara kweli? Hanyum uti rwose Nyerere!Ariko rata ntacyo bigutwaye kuko gahunda yawe yo kwimurira abanyarwanda nyabo muri Congo harimo n’ingabo zo kurinda u Rwanda uzayigeraho bitakugoye amasambu yabo muzayigarurira ntankomyi kuko ntamuntu azabamenya ngo abatangarize isi. Intambara ushaka gushoza mu karere izakugaruka kandi izakugora pe. Washatse kwigira Musa w’abatutsi bo mukarere, ariko gukunda amaraso byawe wapi, ntibigukundira, na Nkunda washatse Ubumwe bwa ba Kongomani waramwibikiye, ejo atazaba icyamamare akavugwa kukurusha, ugakoresha Bosco Ntaganda, mukwica bene wabo ndetse utaretse na bamwe mubayoboye urugamba rwo kubohoza u Rwanda barimo Capt Rwija, wishwe na Ntaganda abisabwe na Kabarebe. Basomyi, bakunzi b’Ikinyamakuru Umuvugizi, Kagame ibyo akora mu karere, aho bukera, abihaye ku mwamamaza no kumushyigikira bazibona imbere ya BEN LADEN wo mukarere k’Ibiyaga Bigari amazi yararenze inkombe. Buri akanya abonye ko kuyobora umuryango uwo ariwo wose wo mu karere( COMESA cyangwa se EAC), akoresha uburyo bwose burimo amafaranga( ibi nzabigarukaho muburyo burambuye vuba aha) na moral corruption kugira ngo abayobozi bizo organizations bamushime, berekane ko rwose ariwe utuma ibintu bikorwa iyo afite mandat, naho bingwa arimo kwiyamamaza abandi baraho. Arateza akavuyo mu bihugu bya bandi, ariko kubera ubupfura no kwihangana kwa bayobozi babyo bagaceceka, akibwira ko hari cyo abarusha cyangwa bamuca. Noneho yadukiye na Afurika y’Epfo, ashaka kwereka amahanga ko aho ashatse hose yahageza imbunda kandi agakora ibyo ashaka. Icyo ashaka aragikora, yashatse kuserereza abanyarwanda baba muri Tanzania, abigeraho akoresheje uburiganya n’amayeri y’uzuye ubugome. Akabakoresha mubutasi bwe, yarangiza, akerekana naho inkuru azikura, bagasanga arazihabwa nabo banyarwanda bahasigaye kandi bafite n’ubwenegihugu bwaho. Bakabarira amatungo, bakabakubita, bamwe bakanicwa kubera Kagame. Ntawe ugisinzira kubera Kagame. Ndoba Cyusa MICHIGAN [email protected] Urup. 9 Politiki UMUVUGIZI VOL.77, 13 - 30 Kanama, 2010 Abunganira Laurent NKUNDA barasaba Ibihugu biha imfashanyo u Rwanda ko bya zihagarika. K uwa gatanu tariki ya 11 , K a m e n a u r u k i k o rwagisirikare rwa Kigali, rw’urubanza rwongeye gutinza urubanza rwa Laurent Nkunda usaba gufungurwa aho afungiye azira akarengane rurushyira ku itariki ya 24 Nzeri 2010. Perezida w’urukiko yitwaje ko uwunganira Nkunda, umunya Canada Stéphane BOURGON, atashoboye kuboneka kuri iyo tariki ya 11 Kamena, bakaba baravuze ko ntawundi mwanya uhari kugeza 24 Nzeri 2010, kandi yari azi neza ko yavuze ko guhera ku itariki ya 14 Kamena azaba aboneka ntakibazo. Munyandiko Me Stéphane BOURGON, yahaye urwo rukiko rwanditse mu rurimi rw’igifaransa n’ikinyarwanda, yasabye ko bakwimura urwo rubanza rugashyirwa ku wambere ku itariki 14 aho gushyirwa ku wa gatanu itariki ya 11. Cyane bari bazi ko agomba yari afite akazi muri International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY), kurangiza urubanza rwa jenoside ya Srebrenica yagombaga kwitaba ku wa Kane ku itariki 10 Kamena, urwo rubanza ndetse rukaba rwacishijwe no kuri Television y’u Rwanda. Ntabwo urukiko rwanze gusa ikifuzo cy’uwunganira Laurent NKUNDA, Me BOURGON cyari kimaze hafi ukwezi gisabwe, kandi kitarigezwe cyangwa na Gen Kabarebe James, urwo rukiko rugahitamo gukomeza umugambi wo kumva urubanza rwo ku wagatanu itariki ya 11, hitwajwe umwunganira wo mu gihugu cya Canada bakimurira ko ngera kumva urwo rubaza mu mezi atatu yose ari mbere. Imyanzuro y’Urukiko rwa Gisirikare ntikwiye kwemerwa. Nk’uko Me BOURGON abivuga “Uburyo urukiko rwa gisirikare [email protected] Mose Nkunda mu maboko ya Aroni Kagame rufatamo imyanzuro buragaragaza ko rudafite ubwisanzure bw’urukiko, ntirushaka kugira kucyo ruvuga ku kifuzo cyo kurekura Gen Laurent Nkunda n’ubwo umwanzuro w’urukiko rw’ikirenga rw’u Rwanda rwasabye ko byakorwa. Mu gihugu cyubaha amategeko ikifuzo cyo kureba ko uwafashwe yafashwe mu mategeko gisuzumwa mu gihe gito cyane, ubusanzwe ntikirenga amasaha 24. Ariko ibyo siko bimeze mu Rwanda aho Gen NKUNDA amaze umwaka hafi n’igice afunze (amezi 17), atagira manda imuhagarika, atamenyeshwa icyo afungiye,atagezwa imbere y’umucamanza,anabuzwa uburenganzira bwe bw’ibanze bwo kubonana n’umwunganira (Avocat), none bakaba bahindura igihe cyo kwiga ku kifuzo cy’umwungana bakagishyira mu mezi atatu yose arimbere! Biragara ko urukiko rwa gisirikare rwaba rwahawe amabwiriza na minisitiri w’ingabo Gen Kaberebe ufite nawe ibyo abazwa muri uru rubanza, kuko nk’uko Laurent NKUNDA abivuga niwe watanze amabwiriza yo kumufata no ku mufunga guhera mu kwezi kwa Mutarama 2009. Kandi imiryango mpuzamahanga ikaba ikomeje gutanga amamiriyoni y’amayelo (Euros)iyaha leta ya Kigali itubaha uburenganzira bw’ikiremwa muntu! Ikibazo cya NKUNDA ntabwo kigomba gupfundikiranwa, igihe kirageze ko ibihugu bikomeye bigira uruhare muri iki kibazo rugasaba u Rwanda kubaha uburenganzira bw’ikiremwa muntu mbere yo gukomeza guhabwa ayo ma miriyoni.” Kubera iyi myanzuro y’Urukiko rwa Gisirikare, abunganira Laurent NKUNDA basanga bagomba kuziyambaza izindi nkiko, bahereye ku Urukiko rw’Afurika rw’Uburenganzira bw’Ikiremwa muntu. Kubashaka ibindi bisobanuro birenzeho baterefona umuryango wa Laurent NKUNDA kuri +31 614 88 5103 cyangwa +1 514 951 4133. Charles I. [email protected] Politiki Urup. 10 UMUVUGIZI VOL.77, 13 - 30 Kanama, 2010 Ikiganiro cya Sankara n’ikinyamakuru Umuvugizi N kuko twabibatangarije ubushize mu kiganiro Umuvugizi wagiranye n’umusirikare Thomas Sankara umaze imyaka 11 mu buhungiro ahunga leta ya Kagame yari yararwaniye, tukabasezeranya ko hari ibindi tuzabageza ho mu byo twaganiriye, mu minsi ishize twavuganye kubirebana no kwicungira umutekano. Yatubwiye ko u Rwanda rwanyuze mu bibazo byinshi, abanyarwanda babona ubuzima butandukanye n’ubwabandi bantu mu rwego rwo gupfusha abantu benshi bitewe n’intambara, ndetse no gukomeza gupfusha abantu benshi nyuma y’intambara. Ababazwa n’urubyiruko ruriho muri iki gihe, ubu rukaba rwigishwa ubwo bugome gusa, bakaba bazibwira ko ariko igihugu kigomba kubaho. Sankara yatubwiye ko bimubabaza cyane kubona abantu batavuga ubugome bwa perezida Kagame, n’ubivuze bakavuga ko ari ibyo bapfa hagati yabo abandi bitabareba. Ubwo,bamwe mu babihakanaga ugasanga nabo rubageze ho. Ati “ umugambi wanjye ni uko ngomba kubwira Abanyarwanda ubugome n’ubwicanyi bwa perezida wabo, abashaka kubyumva bakabyumva, abafite ibyo bajunditse bakiziba amatwi, ariko bamenye neza ko u Rwanda ruzacungurwa n’Imana bakicuza icyo ibyo bibi babikoreye!”. Akomeza avuga ko “ burya ntagahora gahanze”. Yatubwiye ko nta muntu wicwa no kuvuga ukuri ngo kandi ukuri niko kuzavana Abanyrwanda mu bubata bwa Kagame. Uko usanga bamwe bavuga ngo ni perezida bagomba kubimwubahira, we ngo ntamwemera nka perezida, ahubwo abona igihugu gitegekwa n’ibandi, kuko nta baturage bamutoye. Yatubwiye ko Kagame n’ingoma ye bakora ibyaha bikomeye imbere y’Imana n’abantu. Ati: “ barica, bararoga, barabeshya, bariba, baratoteza .” Ibyo byose babikorera kugirango bacecekeshe abantu bose, babikorera kugirango abantu babatinye batagira icyo bahingutsa cyibangamiye inyungu zabo. Ibyo bibi byose ngo bakabikora mu gisa n’amabanga y’ingoma noneho bagashaka utuntu two gutuma abantu bahugiramo, bene wabo bashira, nka biriya by’intore ngo byadutse nk’iby’interahamwe. Yadusabye ko twa mutangariza icyifuzo cye cyo kuburira abanyarwanda kwirinda uburozi butangwa na leta ya [email protected] FPR, ati uwo bwishe ntawirirwa amutindaho, n’amaperereza yabwo aragoranye. Ati ariko abantu bashobora kubwirinda. Aho kugirango upfe uzize inda, wakwemera ugahindura umuco ho gato kugirango wa mugani baca ngo “ isoni zirisha uburozi” utazagusohoraho. Umuco ukwiye guhinduka ho gato kubera ubuzima bw’Abanyarwanda buri ku nkeke y’amarozi atangwa n’ubutegetsi buriho. Ngo baca umugani ngo “Uhishira umurozi akakumara ku rubyaro.” Abantu bakwiye gushyira iki cyorezo ahagaragara, bagatangaza abagitera, bakaburira abo kibangamiye, bakabibutsa bake mu bo cyahitanye, ahari byatuma umubare w’inzirakarengane zikomeza kwicwa ugabanuka. Sankara ati “ ndibuka ukuntu ubu burozi bwatangiye kera mw’ishyamba mu ntambara yo kubohoza u Rwanda muri 1990-1994, aho abasilikare bakuru bagombaga gupfa kubera gukundwa cyane kurusha Kagame, mbese nka kuriya kwa Kayumba. Nuko akabicisha uburozi. Abantu bamaraga kubibona bakabikeka ariko bakabura icyo gukora bakikomereza kuyoboka. Ubwo burozi bwarakomeje na nyuma y’intambara bukomeza kwica inzirakarengane nyinshi z’Abasilikare bari bashoje urugamba tutaretse n’abasivili. “ ndabibutsa umusilikare Kayitare Intarebatinya waherewe uburozi ku Mulindi yarangiza agataha mu ngabo ze Mukarange, akaryama mw’ihema rye, agasinzira ubuticura” Sankara. Ngo Kayitare yari akiri muto, yari umuhanga w’intambara, yakundaga abantu, abasilikare bari bamerewe nabi kubera ubuzima bw’ishyamba ni we wabondoraga akabajyana mu ngabo ze mu gihe gito bakaba bagaruye ubuyanja. Yari intwari, yari azwi hose, umwanzi yaramutinyaga ariko ikibabaje yapfuye atarashwe. Sankara ati, “reba nyuma y’intambara colonel Ngoga bahaye agatasi k’icyayi cyiroze bamuhora ka business ko gucuruza amata hafi y’aya Kagame. Ngoga yari intwali, ni we wabohoje akarere ka Ruhengeri mu gihe cy’imirwano ya 1993, ariko amaherezo ye basanze akwiye guhabwa uburozi, maze intwali nk’iyo ipfa yishwe n’abo yashyize ibere mu kanwa”. Ngo abo avuze ni urugero ruto cyane kuko abantu bashize bapfa uruhongohongo akaba ariyo mpamvu asaba abantu gufata ingamba zo kwirinda kurogwa , kuko abantu benshi bapfuye bazira uburozi kandi nubu bagipfa. Ngo abantu bakwiye gufata ingamba nyinshi zinyuranye kugirango ubuzima bw’abantu bwe gukomeza guhohoterwa n’abarozi. Sankara ati : Twabuze abantu beza benshi nta mpamvu, nubu bigikomeje, ukumva ngo kanaka yaraye aje ari muzima , ahita afatwa n’uburwayi tumugejeje kwa muganga ahita apfa. Ngo umurozi yahereye kera yica imfura abona bicamo none ubu yaciye ibintu kandi aridegembya. Sankara yadutangarije ko Abanyarwanda bakwiye guhagurukira rimwe bakirinda uburozi, ngo ni yo ntwaro ikomeye yo kurwanya umwanzi. Uburozi umwanzi abukoresha mu kwica abantu b’ingirakamaro, kugirango abasigaye abone uko abacura bufuni na buhoro. Kandi igikorwa cyo kuroga ni intwaro y’umwanzi mu gutera ubwoba abatavuga rumwe na we kugirango bamutinye niyo baba batuye kure ya Kigali. Abantu rero bagomba guhaguruka bakarwanya uburozi, bakirinda uburozi nta bwoba, bagasabana, bagasohoka, bagakundana bakaryoherwa maze umwanzi bukamuborera ho, n’iterabwoba rye rigapfa ubusa. Sankara yongeye kutubwira ko uretse uburozi, Abanyarwanda bugarijwe n’ubwicanyi, ndetse ni igisebo kijya ku banyarwanda bose cyo kwitwa ibyihebe (terrorists) Icyi gikorwa giteye isoni ku Banyarwanda!!! Kuri Sankara ngo bene biriya bikorwa by’ubwihebe nkabirya baherutse gukorera Gen Kayumba, n’ibikorwa bisebya abanyarwanda aho bari hose, bitma bamaze gufatwa nk’abantu bafite isura y’ ubwicanyi aho bari hose ku isi. Sankara yasoje asaba abanyarwanda kwirinda no kwamagana umwicanyi , “mwamagane umurozi mutitaye ku cyubahiro cye nacyo ahabwa n’inkomamashyi kuko nawe arabizi ko ntacyo agira” Sankara. Ngo ni byo byonyine bizabarinda, ngo guceceka ntacyo bizabongera ho ahubwo bizabagira imbwa kandi abice. Nyamwasa arinzwe nuko yavugiye Abanyarwanda ngo akabereka ubujura bw’uriya mugome.Ngo yavuze ukuri, ukuri ni yo Mana, ngo ni cyo gitumye badashobora kumuhitana. Ngo mwirinde ubwoba kuko hica Imana, mutangaze umurozi mumenyeshe Abanyarwanda umwanzi wabo uwariwe, ngo ibyo bizatuma habaho kuramba. Gasasira. AMATORA Urup. 11 UMUVUGIZI VOL.77, 13 - 30 Kanama, 2010 Amnesty International iramagana ihohoterwa ry’ abanyapoltiki n’abanyamakuru mu Rwanda. K u itariki 5/08/2010 umuryango uharanira uburengazira bw’ikiremwa muntu Amnesty International nayo yunze mu rya bagenzi bawo bamaze iminsi bamagana ibikorwa bitandukanye by’ihohoterwa bikorerwa abatavuga rumwe na leta y’u Rwanda hamwe n’ abanyamakuru. ryigenga ku rupfu rwa Rwisereka Kagwa wari visi perezida wa Green Party byerekanako yishwe na leta ya Kagame Bakaba banamagana iraswa rya Jean Leonard Rugambage wari umwanditsi mukuru wungirije w’ikinyamakuru Umuvugizi akaba yararasiwe imbere y’urugo rwe ataha ku itariki ya 25/06/2010 kubera iperereza yakoraga ku iraswa rya Gen Kayumba ngo bamwe bishinjako babigizemo uruhare bakaba barashyikirijwe ubutabera. Ihohoterwa ryakorewe abanyapolitiki n’abanyamakuru hagati y’ukwezi kwa Kamena na Nyakanga kubera kunenga FPR, rikomeje kuniga uburengazira bwa muntu n’itangazamakuru kugira ngo hatagira ikivugwa ku matora y’umukuru w’igihungu. Tawanda Hondora umwe mu bayobozi bungirije ba Amnesty International yamaganye ibikorwa byo kwica abanyamakuru n’abanyapolitiki hamwe no gufunga ibinyamakuru bikomeje gukorwa na leta ya Kagame, akaba isaba ko habaho iperereza ryigenga abagize uruhare muri ibyo bikorwa bahanwe kandi asabako ibinyamakuru bifungurwa vuba bidatinze Ku itariki 14/07/2010 hishwe visi perezida wa green party Rwisereka Kagwa wahoze ari umuyoboke wa FPR akaba yari amaze iminsi agaragazako adafite umutekano , umurambo we ukaba waratoraguwe benda kuwuraho umutwe , bityo Amnesty ikaba isabako ko abakoze icyo gikorwa bafatwa bagashyikirizwa ubutabera vuba bidatinze. Amnesty ikaba yamagana uburyo abatavuga rumwe n’ubutegetsi nka madame Ingabire wa FDU INKINGI bimwe uburengazira bwo kugira uruhare mu matora y’umukuru w’igihungu kandi ikanasabako umuyobozi wa PS IMBERAKURI bwana Ntaganda arekurwa vuba bidatinze kandi n’ibyaha yahimbiwe byo guhugabanya umutekano n’ ingengabitekerezo bya muhanagurwaho kuko bigaragara nk’intwaro ikoreshwa na leta ya FPR kuniga abatavuga rumwe nayo. Amnesty yamaganye uburyo kugeza ubu umuyobozi wa FDU ataraburanishwa ibyaha aregwamo na leta ya Kagame kugirango birangire, ibyo bikaba bibangamiye uburengazira bwo kwishyira ukizana bwa madame [email protected] Leta ya Kagame yatinye Madame Ingabire Ingabire hamwe no kugira uruhare muri politiki y’u Rwanda Bwana Tawanda Hondara yavuzeko mu gihe icyo ari cyose leta ya Kagame itaremerako habaho iperereza “nta Gihungu na kimwe gikwiriye kutamagana ibikorwa by’ihohoterwa byaraze u Rwanda mbere y’amatora” Ikaba inamagana igikorwa kigayitse giherutse gukorwa n’inama ishizwe itagazamakuru mu Rwanda cyo gufunga ibinyamakuru bigera kuri 30 bitwaje ko bitujuje ibyagobwa, barakoresheje itegeko riherutse gushyirwaho na leta ya Kagame, naryo ribagamiye uburengazira bw’itangazamakuru no kwishyira ukizana mu Rwanda. Bakaba baranamaganye ifungwa ry’umwanditsi mukuru w’ikinyamakuru umurabyo Agnes Uwimana hamwe n’ifugwa ry’ibinyamakuru Umuseso no Umuvugizi byakurikiwe n’ihunga ry’abanditsi bakuru babyo kandi bakaba banakomeje guterwa ubwoba na leta ya Kagame aho bari mu buhungiro Nyuma y’ibihungu nka Amerika, Ubwongereza, Espagne n’umuryango w’ibihugu byunze ubumwe (Loni) kwamagana leta y’u Rwanda guhohotera abaharanira uburengazira bwa muntu, Amnesty ikaba isabako n’ibindi bihungu bikwiriye kugaragaza uruhande biriho ku bikorwa bigayitse leta ya Kagame ikomeje gukorerwa abaharanira uburengazira bwa muntu. Tawanda Hondora akaba yaravuzeko “nta Gihungu na kimwe gikwiriye kutamagana ibikorwa by’ihohoterwa byaraze u Rwanda mbere y’amatora” kandiko “Kwamagana kumugaragaro ibikorwa nkibyo ari bumwe mu buryo bwo gusaba leta ya Kagame kurekeraho guhohotera ibikorwa bibi bibangamiye uburengazira bw’ikiremwa muntu” Gasasira Politiki Urup. 12 UMUVUGIZI VOL.77, 13 - 30 Kanama, 2010 General Kayumba bamutangiye cyera G eneral Kayumba arahunze, ararashwe, Ibinyamakuru birafunzwe, Abanyapolitiki bishwe, umunyamakuru yishwe, abandi barafunzwe, ndentse hakiyongeraraho n’abafata iy’ubuhunzi. Nibyo birimo kuba kandi birababaje kuri buri muntu ukunda amahoro k’u Rwanda. Kuri jye n’inkuru nizera ko Abanyarwanda bari barabuze gihamya, ndetse bakaba baribazaga ku nkuru zasohotse igihe kirekire zivuga kuri General Kayumba (Cyane mu Museso kuko nta handi nabyumvise igihe numirwaga mu Rwanda ndetse n’ubu nkaba ndimo kumirwa ibibera iwacu Rwanda) zivuga imibanire ya bamwe Ibukuru. Mu gihe Abanyarwanda bose bibuka umutekano mubi mu majyaruguru y’u Rwanda, ubwo hari muri za 1996 kugeza 2000, nibwo hatangiye ibibazo bikomeye hagati ya bamwe ibukuru. Icyo gihe twari mu ntambara ya mbere na Congo ( icyitwa Zaire ya wa mugabo wayiyogoje witwa Marshall Mobutu Sese seko Wa Zabanga) ndetse hiyongeraho n’iyindi ntambara ya kabiri ya Congo yo kurwanya Laurent Desire Kabila, nawe aza kwitaba rurema, hanyuma bikomereza ku muhungu we Joseph Kabila, ubu bikaba n’ibisa nkaho bamaze kumvikana nawe kuri bimwe kugira ngo imbehe zitabura ibyo kurya ku mbande zombi. Reka dutangire kuri Congo ya Kabiri Amakuru mfitiye gihamya kandi nakomeje kuyabika, kandi n’ubu abayampaye bakaba bakiri mu Rwanda, kandi bagakomeza kuyahamya, ariko kubera ukuntu ibintu bimeze mu Rwanda udapfa kubatura kubera cya kindi twita umutekano wabo, ndetse n’imirimo barimo ntabwo nakwihandagaza ngo mbavuge. Ibyo ngira ngo buri munyarwanda aremeranya najye. Abo bantu bari mu nzego zimwe mu zikomeye nka mabuye babwiye ukuntu intambara ya Congo ya kabiri ariyo yatangiye kuzana igitotsi ku mubano hagati ya uwari Visi Perezida w’ u Rwanda, ubu akaba ari Perezida watowe w’u Rwanda Majoro General Paul Kagame. Byatangiye bite, ayo makuru twizeye avuga ko icyo gihe muri 1998, hari Inama nkuru ya gisirikare ( mu cyongereza bayita Army Council) ikaba yarimo kubera mu Ruhengeri. Kandi yabereye hariya kugira ngo bige ku kibazo cy’ukuntu bazarwanya Abacengezi n’Interahamwe hagati mu Rwanda, kubera ko Kabila mukuru ( Laurent Desire Kabila) yari amaze gusezerera Abasirikare b’u Rwanda k’ubutaka bwa Congo ( Abatabyibuka yabivuze muri Kamena 1998). Iyo nama rero yabaye muri Kanama 1998. Icyo gihe rero inama irimo, bamwe mu bari bavuye Kinshasa bamaze no kubona uburyohe bwa Zahabu na Diyama( Gold and Diamond), bahise bumvisha uwari Visi Perezida ubu akaba ari we Perezida ko batagomba kwemera kwirukanwa gutyo, ndetse bamwemeza ko bashobora gufata Kinshasa mu minsi mike, kandi bigatuma Congo yongera kuba mu maboko yabo, ariko binyuze mu izina ry’Abanyamulenge (Ubwo n’ukuvuga ko Abasirikare b’u Rwanda bitwa Abanyamulenge). Iyo nama yitwa Army Council ( Inama nkuru ya gisirikare) iba irimo Abayoboye Ingabo z’u Rwanda aho bava bagera, abashizwe iperereza, [email protected] marangamutima ko ibyabaye byose byatewe n’ubuswa ndetse n’ukutagirana inama nzima, bikaba aribyo byatumye habamo gupfusha ndetse no gutsindwa urwo rugamba. Abo bamukuriye n’abamwe bari mu kwaha kwabo( mu giswayire babita Wapambe Nuksi), bahise babona ko ari ikibazo, kubera ko yagaye ibyo bateguye. Aho kugira ngo bigaye batangiye kumwibazaho. Ariko we yari agamije imikorere itarimo ubuswa. Igitotsi cya mbere kiba gitangiye we atabizi. Ibya Gen Kayumba si ibyanone abashinzwe politiki, ndetse n’abashinzwe imibereho myiza n’ubutegetsi bya gisirikare ( ba bandi mujya mwumva ngo bitwa ba ADMIN) kuva mu rwego rwa batayo (Battalion) kugeza ku rwego rw’igihugu. Ikaba iyoborwa na Ministiri w’Ingabo, adahari ikayoborwa n’Umukuru w’Ingabo. Muri icyo gihe inama yabaga muri 1998 Ministiri w’Ingabo kandi akaba na Visi Perezida yari afite imirimo myinshi, ku buryo atashoboye kuyiyobora, ikaba yarayobowe n’Umugaba mukuru w’Ingabo General Kayumba. Mu gihe inama yarimo gukomeza, General Kayumba yahamagawe kuri telephone imubwira ko yagaruka i Kigali ko hari ibintu byangombwa agomba gukora. Amakuru nizeye ambwira ko yahise yitaba vuba na bwangu. General Kayumba ageze i Kigali yahise abwirwa ko bagiye gutera Congo bwa Kabiri, ndetse bamumenyesha ko igikorwa cyatangiye. Banamusobanuriye ko ntabwo byitwa ko ari Ingabo z’u Rwanda, ahubwo ko ari Abanyamulenge bivumbuye kandi badashimishijwe n’ubutegetsi bwa Laurent Desire Kabila. Mu bampaye inkuru, basobanura ko General Kayumba yabyakiriye bitamushimishije, kandi we akabona yarahejejwe muri iyo gahunda kandi byitwa ko ari Umugaba w’Ingabo z’u Rwanda, ndetse yahise ashaka ko byakwitonderwa, ariko ngo byabaye ubusa, kandi aragakazwa ni uko bamubwira ko Abasirikare bavuye i Goma bamaze kugera ahitwa Kitona mu burengerazuba bwa Congo berekeza Kinshasa ku murwa mukuru. General Kayumba amaze kwumva ko ntacyo akiramiye nawe yahise abifata gutyo, atangira gutekereza ukuntu ingabo ze ziri mu birometero birenga 2000 zafashwa muri iyo ntambara, ukuntu u Rwanda ruzabyifatamo ndetse n’ukuntu azabyifatamo. Bukeye byaje kuba isupu, kubera ko izo ngabo ziyobowe n’umwe mu bayoboye izo ngabo (General James Kabarebe) zageze ku mazuru ya Kinshasa, ariko zidafite gishyigikira aho zavaga muri Kitona, zahise zishwanyaguzwa n’Ingabo za Congo, Angola, Zimbabwe na Namibia, ariko Angola yo ikaba yaraje izanye ibifaru ( Bulende cyangwa Tanks) zigahitana bana b’inzirakarengane b’u Rwanda. Angola yo ikaba yarikanze nyuma yaho Kabila mzee ababwiye ko u Rwanda ruzafasha cya kihebe cyitwa Savimbi na UNITA ye. Nyamara ni ubwo abapanze iyo ntambara batari babifite muri gahunda yo gukorana na Savimbi yabaye ngombwa ko bamwitabaza kubera byageze aho ingabo z’u Rwanda zibura ubuhungiro, bahise bitabaza Savimbi, ariko binyuze mu mayeri akomeye, icyo gihe bivugwa ko yahise yemera ko hari ikibuga k’indege yananiwe gufata, avuga ko ingabo z’u Rwanda zigifashe, bahita babona aho burira indege bagasubira iwabo, Abana b’u Rwanda nabo ukuntu bagowe bahise batagekwa kujya kurwana muri Angola, bahita bafata ako kabuga, hanyuma ba biyahuzi ba Barusiya bazana indege barabapakira babazana muri za Goma na Bukavu aho abitwa Abanyamulenge (Ingabo z’u Rwanda) bari bahadadiye cyera cyane. Bamwe barapfuye baguye za Kitona n’ahandi hose m’uburengerazuba bwa Congo bikavugwa ko bazize urupfu rutunguranye, nkuko Radio imwe Rukumbi icyo gihe yatangarizaga Abanyarwanda. Uretse nabo hari benshi barwariyeyo indwara zikomeye, baraza bashyirwa mu bitaro bitwa EFOTEC( cyera ryari inshuri ry’abana b’abasirikare bakuru ba Habyarimana, Shyaka Kanuma yigeze kuryandikaho mu nkuru yitwa How we are headed for the doom, iyo nkuru yamuhaye igihembo cyambere muri Afrika, ariko ngo akamiya nako kaba gakenewe kuri bamwe batazi ukwihangana) hafi y’ibitaro bya gisirikare Kanombe. Uko byagenze kose nk’uko nawe wisomera ntabwo byigeze bishimisha General Kayumba na gato, kubera ko yayoboraga ibintu atigeze agiramo uruhare, ariko yakomeje umugambi umwe wo kureba ko ishema ry’u Rwanda rikomeza kuboneka. Ariko yahise agaragaza ko nta Amafaranga yaguze Kajugujugu(Junk Helicopter) ziboze. Muri 1999, bivuye muri Ministeri y’Ingabo byaje kugaragara ko Abacengezi ndetse no kugemura ibiryo abasirikare, guzana abaguye k’urugamba, hamwe n’abakomeretse mu majyaruguru y’u Rwanda na Congo bigoye ndetse hiyongeraho ni ukuntu umwanzi yari mwinshi. Ministeri y’Ingabo yazenye igitekerezo cyo guhagarika imishahara y’abasirikare b’u Rwanda mu gihe cy’amezi icumi, kugira ngo hazagurwe za Kajugujugu ( Helicopter), zizunganire Abasirikare barawanira hasi, ndetse hakiyongera ho n’impamvu navuze haruguru. Igitekerezo nti cyari kibi, kubera ko byajyaga kongera ubushobozi bw’ingabo z’u Rwanda. Nyuma y’uko byemeranyijwe ba Private(Umusirikare wo k’ipeti ribabanza) kugeza kuri ba Sergent bo barahagorewe, kubera ko bahembwaga umuceri witwa Mohammed interprises, sosiyete imwe yo muri Tanzania yagurishaga umuceri wataye agaciro wo muri Thailand, hakiyongeraho n’ibishyimbo bidashya. Abawugemuraga nabo bakoranaga n’abamwe mu bazanye igitekerezo cyo gufata imishara y’Abasirikare amezi icumi. Ariko ntabwo ibyo byatumye bibuza ko umugambi udakomeza. Nyama y’uko bimaze gushyirwa mu ngiro, amafaranga angana n’amadorali y’amanyamerika angana na miliyoni enye (4 US million Dollars), yahise ajyawanwa muri Uganda, ahabwa uwagombaga kugura izo Kajugujugu, uwo akaba yitwa Emmanuel Kato, akaba ari we waguze n’izinde za Kajugujugu ziboze cyangwa se zataye igihe za Uganda. Iza Uganda zo zavugishije abantu benshi muri Uganda,bamwe bahagarikwa ku mirimo yabo. Ay a c u u b w o n d a v u g a i m i s o r o y’Abanyarwanda yari igenewe kwishyura abana babo babacungira umutekano wabo yahise agura Kajugujugu zataye igihe ( ziboze) mu gihugu cyitwa Bellrusia, cyari muri bimwe byahoze ari ibihugu byari byunze ubumwe bwa Soviet ( ubu bikaba byaritandukanyije kuva muri 1991). Izo Kajugujugu zaraje ari eshatu, zihageze zihabwa Abasirikare bari bavuye mu Burusiya kwiga kuzitwara. Ntibigize kabiri ziba zigize impanuka, ndetse sishe abazitwaye, n’abari bazirimo. Iya nyuma yaguye ivuye mu Ruhengeri isubiye i Kigali. Icyo gihe umwe mu banyamakuru bigenga wakoreraga ikinyamakuru Central Africa Newsline cyo mu Rwanda, John Eddie Mugabi waje no kuba mu bantu batangiye Rwanda Independent Group, yandika Umuseso n’ibindi Komeza kurup. 13 Politiki Urup. 13 UMUVUGIZI VOL.77, 13 - 30 Kanama, 2010 General Kayumba bamutangiye cyera Bivuye kurup 12 binyamakuru muzi, akomoje kubyarimo kubera muri Uganda, ndetse n’amakuru yari akuye muri bamwe binubiraga ukuntu izo ndege zaguzwe, yahise yandika inkuru ukuntu ayo mafaranga yagendeye ubusa kandi u Rwanda rukiri mu bihe bikomeye. Kuri we yavuze ko byabazwa uwari Umunyabanga mukuru muri Ministeri y’Umutekano Brigedia General Frank Rusagara ( Icyo gihe yari LT Colonel). Ntibyamubereye mahire, kubera ko Gen Rusagara yumvaga ko nta cyaha afite, yahise amurega ko yamuharabitse. John Mugabi yahise afungwa igihe kigera ku mezi atandatu muri gereza ya Kimironko azira ko yaharabitse General Rusagara. John yaje gufungurwa nyuma yaho babonye ko avuga ukuri. Uko byagenze. Nkuko bisanzwe inama ya gisirikare iba buri mwaka, kubera ko ibintu by’izo kajugujugu byari byari bimaze kugera mu binyamakuru, umwuka mubi mu basirikare wahise ututumba. Mu nama nkuru ya gisirikare bamwe bahise babaza ukuntu u Rwanda nk’igihugu cyagura Kajugujugu ziboze kandi turi mu bihe bibi. Kubera ko byabazwaga umukuru w’Ingabo icyo gihe kandi akaba yari Lt General Kayumba Nyamwasa ( Icyo gihe yari Brigadie General). Nyuma yo kubaza icyatumye imishahara y’Abasirikare y’amezi agera kuri cumi aho yagiye, Kayumba Nyamwasa yahise avuga ko we atabizi ahubwo ko byabazwa uwari Umunyamabanga mukuru muri Ministeri y’Ingabo icyo gihe Lt Colonel Frank Rusagara. Lt Colonel Frank Rusagara yahise asubiza ko nawe atabizi, avuga ko we yabwiwe na Ministiri w’Ingabo kandi akaba na Visi Prezida icyo gihe ko afata ayo mafaranga akayajyana muri Uganda ku muntu witwa Emmanuel Kato, hayuma akazagura ibyo u Rwanda rwari rukeneye. Ariko yongeraho ko icyo gihe byakozwe hari uwari ushinzwe ibikorwa bya gisirikare icyo gihe Colonel James Kabarebe ( ubu akaba ari Ministri w’Ingabo kandi akaba ari na General wuzuye). Brigadie General Rusagara Frank ubu ubarizwa muri ambasade y’u Rwanda mu Bwongereza yahise yihaniza abari mu nama ya gisirikare ko we adafite uruhare na rumwe mu bujura bwo kwiba ayo mafaranga y’imishahara y’Abasirikare, ndetse akomeza avuga ko we yatumwe kujyana izo miliyoni nyinshi ku muntu wagombaga kugura izo kajugujugu ziboze. Amaze kubivuga yahise avuga ko agiye gukurikirana Umunyamakuru witwa John Eddie Mugabi ko yamuharabitse. Ba bandi bamutumye bahise bumva ko ntacyo bavuga ahubwo bahita bamushyigikira igihe yafungishaga John Eddie Mugabi. Bukeye bimaze gohosha ndetse bagahita bumva ko John Eddie Mugabi afungiwe ubuse baramufungura, ariko bahita bishyiramo uwabyukije ikibazo cya kajugujugu ziboze zaguzwe ku mafaranga y’Abana ba Banyarwanda, aho niho bahise batangira kumwishyiramo. Ariko andi makuru atugeraho yemezako ibyi ndege byarimo na Dr Emmanuel Ndahiro afatanyije na madame Janet Kagame kubera inyungu za kimwe cya cumi ariko bo bakaba barabikoze mu bwenge bihishe inyuma ya Kato na Col Rusagara Kugeza ubu Abasirikare ntabwo bigeze basubizwa imishara yabo y’amezi icumi, [email protected] ndetse na kajugujugu nazo zamaze igihe cy’amezi atatu ziba ziraguye, zihitana n’inzira karengane. Ayo mafarnga akaba yaraburiye mu maboko y’abantu bagera kuri batatu. Uwari Ministiri w’Ingabo ubu akaba ari Prezida w’u Rwanda, ndetse n’uwari ushinzwe ibikorwa bya gisirikare icyo gihe, ubundi asanzwe yitwa J3, icyo gihe yari General Kabarebe James. Intambara zidafite umutwe n’amaguru Nyuma yaho intambara zarakomeje, muri Congo ndetse n’iza abacengeezi. Ariko abacengenzi bagiye batsindwa ariko bakagira ingufu muri Congo y’uburasirazuba. Icyo gihe bamwe mu basirikare b’u Rwanda batangiye guhunga( gutangira mu 2000), bamwe muri Uganda, ibihugu bindi duturanye, mu Burayi ndetse n’Amerika. Icyo gihe Lt Gen Kayumba Nyamwasa yari akiri umukuru w’Ingabo w’u Rwanda. Mu nama ya gisirkare yo muri 2001 mu kwezi kwa kane nibwo abari mu nama bibajije impamvu abasirikare bafite ubumenyi basigaye bahunga cyane. Bamaze kwibaza cyane basanze ko abasirikare barambiwe intambara, kubera ko basanze bamwe bararwanye intambara kuva mu myaka yaza mirongo inani. Nyuma y’impaka ndende muri iyo nama(Prezida Kagame icyo gihe ntabwo yari ayirimo) Bahise bafata umwanzuro ko bava muri Congo bagahita barwanira k’urubibi rwa Congo n’u Rwanda, ndetse basanga nta mpavu wajya kurwanira Mbujimayi muri Kasai, cyangwa se Kalemie muri Sud Kivu kandi wasize interahamwe muri Kivu y’majyaruguru. Bamaze kubyumvikanaho, Umukuru w’Ingabo Kayumba Nyamwasa yahise ajyana raporo kuri Prezida Paul Kagame nk’uko bisanzwe. Akimara kuyimugeza imbere, nkuko tubikesha bari bashinzwe akazi ko kwakira umukuru w’Ingabo iyo agiye kubonana na Prezida bavuga ko yahise amuha ibyemezo bafashe mu nama ya gisirikare. Prezida Kagame akimara kubibona, nta nubwo yabisomye cyane, kubera ko yari yamaze kubimenya kubera ba maneko be bari bamaze kubimubwira. Yahise anyuzamo amaso hanyuma ahita arakara , ndetse abaza Kayumba Nyamwasa impamvu batekereza kuva muri Congo, Lt General Kayumba yahise amusubiza ko we atari we wenyine wari muri iyo nama ahubwo ko byemejwe n’abantu benshi bari mu nama, kandi akomeza avuga ko we atagerageza guhakana ibyo abantu benshi bumva ko ari byo byagirira akamaro u Rwanda. Prezida Kagame yahise arakara cyane, ahita ashaka gukubita urushyi Lt Gen Kayumba, Lt Gen Kayumba yahise yanga kongera gukubitwa nk’uko byari bisanzwe igihe cyose kuva no mu ishyamba, yahise amubwira ko atazongera na rimwe, amubwira ko afite umugore nawe akagira undi, akagira abana nawe akagira abandi, ndetse amububwirwa ko na General Major (icyo gihe) yayihawe n’Abanyarwanda atari Kagame wayimuhaye. Kagame yahise amutegeka kouya mu kiruhuko yarakaye cyane, ibyo byose tukaba tubikesha abakoraga mu biro bya Prezida Kagame icyo gihe, kandi nk’uko mubizi ntabwo dushobora gutangaza amazina yabo kubera impamvu mutayobewe. Tukaba twaramenye iyi nkuru mu kwezi kwa gatanu mu 2001, ariko kuberako twari twarabuze imbarutso twarayisubitse iyi myaka yose, inkuru ntabwo isaza. McDowell Kalisa RPP Imvura irasaba Amerika n’Ubwongereza kudakomeza gutera inkunga u Rwanda. M u rwandiko umuyobozi w’ishyaka rya RPP Imvura rikorera mu gihugu cy’Ubwongereza, yandikiye umunyamabanga wa Commonwealth kuwa 02 Kanama 2010, yasabye ko uwo muryango u Rwanda rubereye umunyamuryango (Member) wagira icyo ukora mu gufasha abanyarwanda kugera kuri Demokarasi ni kwamagana ubutegetsi bw’igitugu bwa FPR na Kagame. Muri urwo rwandiko bwana Karuranga yatangaje ko abanyarwanda bamaze igihe kirekire mu bibazo, kuva ubutegetsi bw’abakoroni bwaza mu Rwanda, ndetse na nyuma yaho batahiye u Rwanda rwagize ubuyobozi butigeze buha amahoro abaturage, bwaje ndetse kubageza kuri jenoside yahohitanye inzirakarengane zisaga miriyoni. Kagame akaba atarashoboye kugira icyo ahindura kuri ayo mateka mabi ahubwo yakomereje ku kivi cy’abamubanjirije. Karuranga yakomeje avuga ko politiki y’ubwicanyi yabanjirije ubutegetsi bwa FPR, ntabwo yigeze ihinduka, kugeza ubu abanbyarwandaa baricwa ndetse bakorerwa iyicwa rubozi ryo ry’uburyo bwose. Kuri Karunga u Rwanda ngo rumeze nk’ikirunga gitegereje kuruka. Uwo muyobozi yakomeje avuga ko abanyarwanda bakomeje kwicwa na leta ya Kagame haba abari mu gihugu ndetse n’abamuhunze bari hanze bose akomeza kubakurikiranayo. Ikimutangaza ibi byose bikomeza kuba amahanga arebera ntacyo akora kuri ako karengarengane gakomeza gukorerwa abanyarwanda. Yakome yamagana kandi ukuntu abana benshi babanyarwanda bakomeje gutwarwa bunyamaswa mu kirwa cy’Iwawa, kuri Karuranga abo bana benshi n’impfubyi, za jenoside,sida abandi n’abarenzwe n’ubucyene, bakomeje kugirirwanabi cyane batwarwa Iwawa aho gufashwa. Abo bana babakuye mu mijyi y’u Rwanda aho guhabwa urukundo bagirwa abacakara. Urwandiko kandi rwasabaga umunyamabanga wa Commonwealth ko batakohereza indorerezi kujya kureba ayo matora y’urukozasoni aho amashyaka atavuga rumwe n’ubutegetsi yose yabujijwe kugira uruhare mu guhatanira umwanya wa perezida wa repuburika, ibinyamakuru byigenga byose bigafungwa. Karuranga ati abanyarwanda bacyeneye ubuyobozi bwubaha amategeko, bugendera kuri demokarasi, batagenda kugitugu cy’umuntu umwe.Akaba ariyo mpamvu ishyaka rikangurira abantu kwamagana ayo matora adasobanutse. Ishyaka RPP Imvura rikomeza risaba ko akanama k’indorerezi kayobowe na Bwana Salim Ahmed Salim wubahwa n’abantu bose kahagarika kujya mu Rwanda gukurikirana ikinamico y’amatora idafitiye akamaro u Rwanda n’abanyarwanda. Karuranga kandi yavuze ko Commonwealth nk’umuryango wubahwa n’abantu benshi wakagobye kwamagana ubwicanyi bumaze iminsi bukorerwa mu Rwanda nk’uko indi miryango yose iharanira uburenganzira bw’ikiremwa muntu (Human Rights Watch, Amnesty international) yabikoze. Akomeza ko yakagobye kureraho guterera agati mu ryinyo kumahano arimo abera mu Rwanda akorwa n’ubuyobozi buriho kandi u Rwanda arikimwe mu bihugu biherutse kwemererwa kwinjira muri uwo muryango. Yarangije asaba uwo mu ryango gukoresha ububasha ufite ugafasha abanyarwanda kuva mu bibazo barimo bashyirwamo na perezida Kagame ndetse n’ishyaka ayoboye. Charles I. [email protected]
