brochure of the UITP historical bus work
Transcription
brochure of the UITP historical bus work
UITP BUS COMMITTEE SINCE 1ST MEETING IN BRUSSELS 1960 TO 100TH MEETING IN PRAGUE 2016 CONTENTS BUSES AND TROLLEYBUSES IN UITP’S HISTORY… AND BEYOND SEARCHED, SELECTED AND COMPILED FROM UITP’S ARCHIVE AT THE OCCASION OF THE 100TH BUS COMMITTEE MEETING 1. UITP’S MILESTONES ....................................................................................................... 3 2. BUS AND TROLLEYBUS TECHNOLOGY AND DEVELOPMENTS FROM THE BEGINNINGS ................................................................................................. 5 3. BUSES WITHIN THE ASSOCIATION BEFORE THE BUS COMMITTEE ........................... 8 Travelling through history and UITP’s archives is always a rich experience as it reveals the evolution of transport modes, habits and ideas. This is also true for buses and trolleybuses. We hope that this non exhaustive material put together for the 100th meeting of the Bus Committee of UITP’s Bus Division will make you discover those invaluable archives. • CONGRESS REPORTS AND ARTICLES 1885-1960 ..................................................... 9 4. BUS COMMITTEE – THE ROUTE FROM 1960 TO 2016 ................................................. 10 • BUS CONFERENCES .................................................................................................. 10 • CONGRESS REPORTS SINCE 1961 ............................................................................ 10 5. BUS COMMITTEE CHAIRMEN ........................................................................................ 12 6. HISTORY LIST OF ALL BUS COMMITTEE MEETING PLACES ...................................... 13 UITP’S MILESTONES 1885 - 17 August, foundation of the « Union Internationale Permanente de Tramways » 63 companies from 9 countries interested in the project, including 55 operators. 44 delegates participate in the first meeting in Brussels during which Gustave Michelet presents for the first time the objectives of the new association. 1886 - First Congress takes place in Berlin, with 110 participants from 6 countries. Gustave MICHELET (Tramways Bruxellois) is elected as the first President with J FISCHERDICK (Grosse Berliner Pferde-Eisenbahn-Gesellschaft) as Vice-President and Fernand NONNENBERG as the first Secretary General. Rules are adopted as well as the official languages, French and German. Brussels selected as the official location of the association 1914 - The 18th Congress that was planned to take place in Budapest is cancelled due to the outbreak of the First World War. No other congress will take place until 1922 and the activities of the association will be reduced. 1922 - A new association is founded with members of allied and neutral nations. A new name is chosen “Union internationale des tramways, de chemins de fer d'intér t local et de transports publics automobiles" to take into account the rapid emergence of the bus. 2 3 1927 - An important meeting is held in Basel (Switzerland) during which members of the Union and members of the ”Internationaler Strassenbahn- und Kleinbahn- Verein” (the nations excluded post-war) decide to reconstitute the association to its pre-1914 status. The German language is reintroduced as an official language and the decision is also taken to open communications and published reports to other languages (mainly English). BUS AND TROLLEYBUS TECHNOLOGY AND DEVELOPMENTS FROM THE BEGINNINGS… The 50th anniversary of the Union is celebrated during a special meeting held in Brussels in 1935. The meeting is held in the presence of HM King Leopold III of Belgium in the presence of some 1,500 delegates. In 1939, the association adopts a new name “International Union of Public Transport - UITP” 1940 - Due to war, activities of the association are reduced to a minimum. A German administrator controls the association 1945-46 – The Belgian members of the Management Committee meet in Brussels to evaluate the future of the association. Belgian, French and British members decide that the association should continue with its activities as it did before the war. No decisions will be made regarding how to approach the German members, indeed no contact will be made with them, until peace treaties are signed 1949 - Adoption of the "Ben England" motion suggesting that "the status of member is open to all public transport companies without any discrimination". This motion opened the door to the reintegration of German and Austrian members in the association and turned UITP into a real worldwide association. After World War II, UITP gradually moves from a strongly technical focus to also deal with political issues, taking on an international and regional advocacy role in support and on behalf of the collective mobility sector 1959 – Paris, organization for the first of a major exhibition of vehicles and equipment 1960 – Birth of the International Commission for the Standardization of Motorbuses 1965 – Tel Aviv, first congress outside Europe 1965 – Commission for the Standardization of Motorbuses -> Commission for the Study of Motorbuses 1977 – Montréal, first congress organized in North America 1983 - Rio de Janeiro, first congress organized in Latin America 1985 – Brussels, commemoration of the 100 years of existence of the association 1989 – Commission for the Study of Motorbuses -> UITP Bus Committee 1993 – Sydney, first congress organized in Oceania 2001 – London, statutory reform: creation Bus Division (Bus Assembly + Bus Committee) 2011 – Dubai, first congress in the MENA region 2014 – Abu Dhabi - Birth of the Trolleybus Committee 2016 – Prague – 100th Bus Committee 1830 (since) – United Kingdom, France… use of steam buses 1886 - Karl BENZ patents the first successful gasoline-driven automobile, the “Benz Patent Motorwagen” (built for the first time in 1885) and designs its first truck in 1889 1890’s - Rudolf Diesel develops a high-speed compression ignition engine 1895 – An adapted Benz truck is used by the “Netphener Omnibus-Gesellschaft” 1898 - First internal combustion enginepowered buses in operation (United Kingdom 1898, Germany 1903, New York 1905, Paris 1906…) 1902 - First trolleybus line in operation in Germany 1920-21 - Pneumatic tires used for buses and first Diesel motors for bus propulsion 1929 - The first articulated bus enters in service 4 5 1930-1950’s - The trolleybuses experiences a golden age with major developments in the UK, France, Brazil, USSR, Germany and Switzerland 1930’s - Growing importance of the bus mode revolutionizes urban services (replacing numerous tramway networks) and offers the possibility to greatly improve services in rural areas 1942 - France, definition of standard trolleybuses (type A to D according to their length) 1945 - After the war, the tramway decline continues particularly in North America although it is maintained and even developed in some European countries like Switzerland, Germany, USSR and Austria… The bus benefits as a result After the 1950s, public transport sees a general decline due to the continued increase in private car traffic and lack of interest from public authority’s trolleybuses, which are considered too costly and insufficiently flexible, are replaced by buses 1952 - First modern articulated buses and trolleybuses 1967 - Development by the VÖV (Germany) of a standard urban bus (SL 1) that enters service in 1968 1973 - Development of a standard regional bus concept in Germany 1978 - Development of the dual-mode trolleybus 1983 - Second generation of standard buses developed in Germany 1986 – “O-Bahn” busway opens in Adelaide 1989 - Presentation of the concept for a low-floor standard bus 2000’s - The “Bus Rapid Transit” concept develops on a large scale, based on pioneering experiences from Curitiba (1974, 1979-1980), Ottawa (Transitway - 1983) and Adelaide (O-Bahn – 1986). Diversification of new fuels for buses; clean fuels, hybrid buses, fuel cells, electromobility … to cope with future fossil fuel shortages 2001 – European directive on buses (2001/85/ EC) accessible bus and passenger safety 1958 – Flywheel operational tests in Léopoldville and in Switzerland 1965 - The first new standard urban buses designed by RATP and UTPUR are on the French roads 6 7 BUSES WITHIN THE ASSOCIATION BEFORE THE BUS COMMITTEE Mainly based on rail activities in the first years of its existence, the association looks at the road sector for the first time in a report published for the Congress held in Munich in September 1908 entitled « Avantages et inconvénients des autobus ; leurs résultats d’exploitation » (MAUCLERE - Paris). Madrid, 1953 – “Organisation of repair-shops and depots: motorbuses and trolleybuses” (L Lagarrigue) and “Rolling stock: trends in motorbus construction” (A A M Durrant) Naples, 1955 – “Use of trailers for buses and trolleybuses; articulated vehicles” (O Miescher) Between 1908 and 1960, 28 congress reports will be devoted to buses and 12 to trolleybuses. Hamburg – Berlin, 1957 – “Latest progress in motorbus construction and present trends” (L Lagarrigue) Paris, 1924 – « Le moteur pratique des transports publics automobiles » (BONHOMME Paris) Paris, 1959 – “Trends in motorbus construction” (E R L Fitzpayne – W M Little) Barcelona, 1926 - « Aménagement technique de l’autobus » (Chauchat) and « Disposition des carrosseries d’autobus » (De Croës – Bruxelles) Rome, 1928 - « Agent de force motrice pour transports automobiles » (Guiffart) Warsaw, 1930 – three reports dealing with « Emploi de moteurs huile lourde sur voies ferrées et sur routes » (H Arnold et F Eichelhardt), the « Perfectionnements apportés dans la construction du matériel roulant sur voies ferrées et sur routes en vue d’augmenter le confort des voyageurs… » (P Kremer) and the « Comparaison des transports en commun, chemins de fer d’intér t local, tramways, omnibus automobiles, entre eux et avec les transports particuliers… » (P. Nestrypke) The Hague, 1932 – Many reports are at the menu : « Exploitation par trolleybus » (Ch Harmel - R Vente), « Horaires économiques pour tramways et lignes d’autobus sur les sections o il y a une circulation tr s dense… » (Nieuwenhuis), « Comparaison des transports en commun, chemins de fer d’intér t local, tramways, omnibus automobiles – le rail et la route » (P Jourdain), and the « Meilleures dispositions adopter pour la carrosserie des automobiles des transports en commun, tant urbains que ruraux » (Ponset - Métayer). Berlin, 1934 – For the first, reports are translated in English : « Tramways – Autobus – Trolleybus ; essais de coordination et résultats financiers » (R Vente), « Emploi des métaux légers dans la construction du matériel roulant (tramway et autobus) » (H Zehnder - A Hugh and « Utilisation du moteur Diesel ; état actuel de la question d’apr s les derni res expériences » (M Preus - R Stuart-Pilcher) Also published at the same congress but not translated: « Ateliers : disposition et organisation ; travaux d’entretien du matériel roulant. Tramways et autobus… » (J Devienne – Br Dziugiell) and « Rail et route » Year RBU 1908 1 1924 1 1926 2 1928 1 1930 3 1932 4 1934 4 1935 1939 2 4 1947 1 1951 1 3 1 1952 1956 5 1 1949 Zürich – Bern, 1939 – “Motorbus rolling material in all countries” (Larchier) and “Working and comparison of the various means of traction: progress and development of omnibuses in Great Britain” (J L Gunn) ATB 1 1 12 2 2 1 2 2 1954 1955 ABU 1 2 Vienna, 1937 – « Les carburants pour moteurs d’automotrices lég res et d’autobus » (W Wilsens) and « Emploi sur les véhicules de transport en commun des moteurs huile lourde » (Vergniole) Edinburgh, 1951 – “Power transmission from engine to wheels in motorbuses” (M Paribeni - V Leuzzi) RTB 1937 1953 Stockholm, 1949 – “The designs of rolling stock for rapid services, speedy fare collection and reduced occupation of road surface: motorbuses” (J L Daubresse – R Dehon) 8 Congress reports and articles 1885-1960 1 28 2 1 1 1957 1 1959 1 Congress reports - Bus Congress reports - Trolleybus 1960 1 28 12 5 Articles - Bus 3 Articles - Trolleybus 9 BUS COMMITTEE – THE ROUTE FROM 1960 TO 2016 Bus Conferences 1995 51st ParisThe Bus Transit System - its Contribution to Promoting Mobility & Quality of Life 1997 52nd StuttgartPropellants of the Future 1998 Brugge 1995 Intermediate Mode of Public Transport 1999 53rd report of Gas Buses TorontoThe development of the hybrid vehicle in Europe, The drive towards the non-polluting bus, Modular systems (Alcan), Zero emission (Evobus), Think tram - use buses (IT). Nürnberg 1998 Diesel-Electric Buses with Hybrid Drive Maastricht 2001 Innovation in Road Public Transport Brisbane 2004 Bus systems driving cities forward 2000 2001 54th LondonCNG & FC buses, Improving bus productivity via bus priority systems, FC buses (Evobus) 2003 55th Madrid SORT, Transmilenio BRT Bogota, NEFLEET FC buses (Mercedes) Bogota 2007 Bus system without limits! Lyon 2010 Do green buses bring more customers? Istanbul 2012 Think Bus! Cost-effectiveness of buses Rio 2014 Grow with Bus report of Hybrid Buses Congress reports since 1961 10 1961 34th Copenhagen Air Suspension 1963 35th RomeCharacteristics of Standardised Motorbuses for Urban & Regional Passenger Transport Operation 1965 36th Tel AvivUse of Light Weight Metals & Plastic Materials in Motorbus Construction 1967 37th Barcelona Measurement of Bus Noise & Air Pollution 1969 38th London Standardisation of Motorbuses 1971 39th Rome Motorbus of Tomorrow 1973 40th The Hague Motorbus & Environment 1975 41st NiceMotorbus & Man / Maintenance & Reliability of Motorbuses 1977 42nd MontrealDevelopment of the Bus & its Integration in Modern Transport Systems, Dial-a-Bus & Taxi Services Included 1979 43rd HelsinkiTechnical & Economic Aspects of Articulated Buses 1981 44th DublinComparisons of Large Capacity Buses, Progress in Standardisation 1983 45th Rio de JaneiroSimple & Reliable Buses for Difficult Operating Conditions 1985 46th BrusselsThe Motorbus in the year 2000 / Recommendations 1985 1987 47th LausanneOptimisation & Bus Maintenance by Computer, Optimum Size of Small Buses 1989 48th BudapestBuses & Environment: Reducing Exhaust Pollution Maintenance within the Undertaking? 1991 49th Stockholm 1993 50th SydneyThoughts on the Economics of Buses: Acquisition, Operation, Service Life Defining the Low-Floor Bus Bus evolution et standardisation / 1978 European Bus of the Future / 2006 Bus Tendenzen / 1987 11 HISTORY LIST OF ALL BUS COMMITTEE MEETING PLACES BUS COMMITTEE CHAIRMEN 1. C GUZZANTI – Azienda Tramvie e Autobus del Comune di Roma (ATAC) - Rome 2. Yves SAVARY – Régie Autonome des Transports Parisiens (RATP) - Paris 3. André BRECHBÜHL – Verkehrsbetriebe der Stadt Zürich (VBZ) - Zurich 4. Claus LUND – Hovedstadsomradets Trafikselskab (HT) - Copenhagen 5. Jean-Claude MOQUET - Régie Autonome des Transports Parisiens (RATP) - Paris 6. Simon BROWN – London Buses Limited – London 7. Henk WALING – Noord-Zuid-Hollandse Vervoer Maatschappij (NZH) – Haarlem 8. Oscar SBERT LOZANO – Transports Metropolitans de Barcelona (TMB) – Barcelone 9. Ezio CASTAGNA – CTM S.p.A. – Cagliari 10. Thierry WAGENKNECHT – Transports Publics Genevois (TPG) – Geneva 11. Mike WESTON – Transport for London (TfL) – London 1 5 10 12 2 7 11 3 8 4 9 NO. CITY DATE CHAIRMAN 1 meeting Brussels 11 October 1960 C. GUZZANTI <IT> 2 meeting Brussels 20 December 1961 C. GUZZANTI 3 meeting Brussels 21 February 1962 C. GUZZANTI 4 meeting Pisa 5 June 1962 C. GUZZANTI 5 meeting Paris 5 November 1962 C. GUZZANTI 6 meeting Edinburgh 11-12 June 1963 C. GUZZANTI 7 meeting Taormina 9-10 December 1963 C. GUZZANTI 8 meeting Brussels 20 January 1964 C. GUZZANTI 9 meeting Bern 26-27 May 1964 C. GUZZANTI 10 meeting Pisa 14-15 December 1964 C. GUZZANTI 11 meeting Hamburg 7-8 October 1965 C. GUZZANTI 12 meeting Lyon-Paris 25-28 April 1966 C. GUZZANTI 13 meeting Rome 19-21 October 1966 C. GUZZANTI 14 meeting Brussels 15-16 February 1967 C. GUZZANTI (deputy M. FLONER) 15 meeting Leyland 7-8 November 1967 C. GUZZANTI (deputy W. LITTLE) 16 meeting Hamburg 2-3 April 1968 C. GUZZANTI 17 meeting Turin 4-5 December 1968 C. GUZZANTI 18 meeting Stockholm 10-11 June 1969 C. GUZZANTI 19 meeting Madrid 15-16 October 1969 C. GUZZANTI 20 meeting Paris 5-6 May 1970 C. GUZZANTI (deputy A. FLURY) 21 meeting New York 19-22 October 1970 C. GUZZANTI (deputy A. FLURY) 22 meeting Rotterdam 22-23 June 1971 Yves SAVARY <F> 23 meeting Edinburgh 7-8 September 1971 Yves SAVARY 24 meeting Brussels 7-8 December 1971 Yves SAVARY 25 meeting Hamburg 30-31 May 1972 Yves SAVARY 26 meeting Prague 28-29 September 1972 Yves SAVARY 27 meeting Florence 19-20 June 1973 Yves SAVARY 28 meeting Geneva 27-28 November 1973 Yves SAVARY 29 meeting Paris 4-5 April 1974 Yves SAVARY 30 meeting Barcelona 8-9 October 1974 Yves SAVARY 13 14 31 meeting Edinburgh 2-3 September 1975 Yves SAVARY 66 meeting Barcelona 19-21 March 1998 Simon BROWN 32 meeting Stockholm 1-2 June 1976 Yves SAVARY 67 meeting Florence 9-11 September 1998 Simon BROWN 33 meeting Rotterdam 13-14 October 1976 Yves SAVARY 68 meeting Geneva 3-5 November 1999 Henk WALING <NL> 34 meeting Brussels 13-14 September 1977 Yves SAVARY 69 meeting Prague 22-23 March 2000 Henk WALING 35 meeting Budapest 6-7 April 1978 Yves SAVARY 70 meeting Avignon 19-20 October 2000 Henk WALING 36 meeting Hamburg 7-8 September 1978 Yves SAVARY 71 meeting Berlin 25-26 September 2001 Henk WALING 37 meeting Zürich 27-28 September 1979 André BRECHBÜHL <CH> 72 meeting Belfast 21-22 March 2002 Henk WALING 38 meeting Paris 27-28 March 1980 André BRECHBÜHL 73 meeting Cagliari 24-25 October 2002 Henk WALING 39 meeting Edinburgh 23-24 October 1980 André BRECHBÜHL 74 meeting Lüdenscheid 26-28 March 2003 Henk WALING 40 meeting Stockholm 3-4 September 1981 André BRECHBÜHL 75 meeting Trieste 2-3 October 2003 Oscar SBERT LOZANO <ES> 41 meeting Rotterdam 4-5 March 1982 André BRECHBÜHL 76 meeting Amsterdam 1-2 April 2004 Oscar SBERT LOZANO 42 meeting Salzburg 13-15 October 1982 André BRECHBÜHL 77 meeting Riga 3-5 November 2004 Oscar SBERT LOZANO 43 meeting Brussels 1 December 1982 André BRECHBÜHL 78 meeting Marseilles 20-22 April 2005 Oscar SBERT LOZANO 44 meeting Barcelona 22-23 September 1983 André BRECHBÜHL 79 meeting London 12-14 October 2005 Oscar SBERT LOZANO 45 meeting Cumbria 12-13 April 1984 André BRECHBÜHL 80 meeting Budapest 5-7 April Oscar SBERT LOZANO 46 meeting San Remo 13-14 September 1984 André BRECHBÜHL 81 meeting Vienna 11-13 October Oscar SBERT LOZANO 47 meeting Budapest 12-13 September 1985 André BRECHBÜHL 82 meeting Barcelona 16-17 April Oscar SBERT LOZANO 48 meeting Brussels 17-18 April 1986 André BRECHBÜHL 83 meeting Verona 21-23 November Ezio CASTAGNA <IT> 49 meeting Bremen 4-5 September 1986 André BRECHBÜHL 84 meeting Warsaw 14-16 May Ezio CASTAGNA 50 meeting Venise 7-8 September 1987 Claus LUND <DK> 85 meeting Paris 1-3 October Ezio CASTAGNA 51 meeting Paris 24-25 March 1988 Claus LUND 86 meeting Prague 1-3 April Ezio CASTAGNA 52 meeting Copenhagen 01-02 September 1988 Claus LUND 87 meeting Porto 23-24 September Ezio CASTAGNA 53 meeting Zürich 01-02 September 1989 Claus LUND 88 meeting Geneva 14-16 April Ezio CASTAGNA 54 meeting Rotterdam 22-23 March 1990 Jean Claude MOQUET <F> 89 meeting Luxemburg 13-15 October Ezio CASTAGNA 55 meeting Milan 6-7 September 1990 Jean Claude MOQUET 90 meeting Cagliari 28-29 April Ezio CASTAGNA 56 meeting Hamburg 5-6 September 1991 Jean Claude MOQUET 91 meeting Berlin 5-7 October Thierry WAGENKNECHT <CH> 57 meeting London 23-26 February 1992 Jean Claude MOQUET 92 meeting stanbul 18 April Thierry WAGENKNECHT 58 meeting Paris 2-3 September 1992 Jean Claude MOQUET 93 meeting Brussels 16 October Thierry WAGENKNECHT 59 meeting Salzburg 30-31 August 1993 Jean Claude MOQUET 94 meeting Madrid 18 April Thierry WAGENKNECHT 60 meeting Utrecht 15-16 March 1994 Simon BROWN <UK> 95 meeting Bologna 23-24 October Thierry WAGENKNECHT 61 meeting Budapest 24-25 October 1994 Simon BROWN 96 meeting Copenhagen 22-23 May Thierry WAGENKNECHT 62 meeting Bruges 30-31 August 1995 Simon BROWN 97 meeting Rio 7 November Thierry WAGENKNECHT 63 meeting Porto 27-28 March 1996 Simon BROWN 98 meeting Milan 7 June Thierry WAGENKNECHT 64 meeting Copenhagen 23-24 September 1996 Simon BROWN 99 meeting Manchester 19-20 November Mike WESTON <UK> 65 meeting Milan 11-12 September 1997 Simon BROWN 100 meeting Prague 12-13 May Mike WESTON 15 www.uitp.org www.dpp.cz