RLI-67125 A Méthodologie pluridisciplinaire en

UNIVERSITÉ LAVAL
Institut des Hautes Études Internationales
HIVER 2008
RLI-67125 A
Méthodologie pluridisciplinaire
en études internationales
Thème : La paix démocratique
Professeur : Tessy Bakary
Bureau: DKN : 4449
Téléphone : 656- 2131 ext . 3534
Télécopie : 656-7861
Courriel : [email protected]
Disponibilité : Jeudi : 10h-12h
Vendredi :13h-15h
Horaire : Vendredi : 12h30-15h30
Local : DES 0132
PRÉSENTATION ET OBJECTIFS GÉNÉRAUX DU SÉMINAIRE
Selon son descriptif officiel, « Ce séminaire permet à l’étudiant de développer des capacités
d’analyse et de rédaction pluridisciplinaires et de solutionner les problèmes méthodologiques
reliés à la pluridisciplinarité en études internationales. ».
Pour atteindre les objectifs généraux ainsi définis, dans la mesure où il ne s’agit pas véritablement
d’un cours classique de méthodologie, l’approche choisie est celle de la construction d’un
raisonnement cohérent, en vue de la résolution d’un problème pratique auquel un(e) étudiant(e) au
doctorat pourrait être confronté(e) : « Comment procéder (expliquer par les causes, faire
comprendre par les motifs, etc.) pour traiter un objet de recherche relevant de plus d’une
discipline ? ».
La réponse à cette question étant plus d’ordre pratique que théorique, elle sera élaborée à un premier
niveau, à partir d’une thématique, (une étude de cas), dont la mise en intelligibilité relève de plus
d’une discipline, en l’occurrence et pour ce séminaire, « La paix démocratique ».
A un deuxième niveau, plus spécifique, la démarche construite collectivement, autour de ce thème,
sera appliquée à un thème de recherche, potentiel ou précis propre à chaque étudiant(e).
2 MÉTHODES PÉDAGOGIQUES
Étant donné la nature du séminaire et les objectifs pratiques visés, l’exercice exige la participation
effective (présence hebdomadaire, interventions pertinentes, etc.) des personnes inscrites. De
manière plus détaillée, le travail collectif s’organisera autour des éléments suivants :
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Lectures obligatoires préalables.
Présentations du Professeur en charge du séminaire et des Professeurs invités dans la
mesure où le thème retenu relève de plus d’une discipline
Présentations par les personnes inscrites au séminaire
Débats et échanges, sur la base des interactions entre les participant(e)s au séminaire
ÉVALUATION
Les personnes inscrites au séminaire feront l’objet de trois types d’évaluations
1-.Présentation de nature théorique et méthodologique (30%)
Chaque étudiant(e) sera appelée à faire une brève présentation sur les principales théories et
approches méthodologiques en études internationales. Ces exposés, serviront non seulement de
rappel, mais aussi fourniront l’occasion d’échanges afin de faire le point ou l’état de la question sur
la théorie ou l’approche présentée.
2-.Présentations sur le thème du séminaire (30%)
Il sera demandé à chaque personne inscrite au séminaire de faire un exposé sur l’un des points
suivants :
Un des modes d’administration de la preuve de la thèse de « La Paix démocratique. »
L’état de la question sur la réalité de la thèse de la « La paix démocratique » (validation et
réfutation).
3-.Travail écrit (40%)
Chaque étudiant(e) sera appelé(e) à remettre à fin de la session (Jeudi 24 avril 2008) un travail écrit
(10 pages maximum, interligne 1 et ½ , caractère de police 12), sur son projet de recherche ou
une idée de projet de recherche. Si tant est-il que le sujet de recherche s’y prête, il est attendu que
chaque personne se serve de manière pertinente de la démarche d’élucidation de la thèse de « La
paix démocratique » construite ensemble dans le cadre du séminaire.
CONTENU
Semaine 1 (Jeudi 17 janvier 2008)
I- Présentation du séminaire, de ses objectifs et de l’organisation du travail collectif
3 Semaine 2 (Jeudi, 24 janvier 2008)
II- Questions d’approches, congruence ou étanchéité ? Pluridisciplinarité, multidisciplinarité,
interdisciplinarité, intradisciplinarité.
Lectures obligatoires :
Morin, Edgar. « Sur l'interdisciplinarité ». [en ligne]. Bulletin Interactif du Centre International de
Recherches et Etudes transdisciplinaires, Juin 1994, n° 2. http://perso.clubinternet.fr/nicol/ciret/bulletin/b2c2.htm
Valade, Bernard. « Le " sujet " de l'interdisciplinarité. » [en ligne]. Sociologie et sociétés, vol.
XXXI,
Printemps
1999,
n°
1.
http://www.erudit.org/erudit/socsoc/v31n01/valade/valade.htm
« Le jeune chercheur et l’interdisciplinarité en sciences sociales » http://www.nssjournal.org/artciles/nss/pdf/2006/05/nss6407.pdf
Semaines 3 et 4(Jeudi 31 janvier 2008, jeudi 7 février)
III -Principales théories et approches méthodologiques en études internationales
Lectures obligatoires :
Battistella, D. 2006 .Théories des relations internationales . Paris :Presses de la FNSP. pp.113317
Braspenning, T. « Constructivisme et réflexisme en théorie des relations internationales »
www.diplomatie.gouv.fr/.../annuaire-francais-relations
internationales_3123/IMG/pdf/FD001435.pd
Semaines 5 et 6 (Jeudi 14 février 2008, jeudi 21 février 2008)
IV- « La paix démocratique » comme objet de recherche :au carrefour de plusieurs disciplines
(philosophie, études internationales, science politique et droit) et source de plusieurs
problématiques.
A. La proposition originelle : d’Immanuel Kant (1795) à Jürgen Habermas (1996) : « La paix
perpétuelle »
B. Démocratie/Démocratisation
C. Paix/Guerres/Conflits
Lectures obligatoires
« Emmanuel Kant : la paix républicaine » in Blin, A. 2001. Géopolitique de la paix démocratique..
Paris : Descartes et Çie, pp.75-103, «La démocratie et la paix », in Blin, op. cit ; pp.25-74,
« La guerre et la paix » in Battistella, op. ci. Chap5 pp.495-529.
“Democratization and the Danger of War”,Reinhard Wolf; Erich Weede; Andrew J. Enterline;
Edward D. Mansfield; Jack Snyder. International Security, Vol. 20, No. 4. (Spring,
1996), pp. 176-207
Semaine 7 (Jeudi, 28 février 2008) - Semaine de relâche
4 Semaines 8, 9 et 10 (Jeudi 6, mars 2008, jeudi, 13 mars 2008, jeudi, 20 mars 2008)
V- « La paix démocratique », un constat empirique et une loi sociologique
A. Validations et falsifications
B. Réfutations et controverses
Lectures :
“Peace and Democracy: Three Levels of Analysis”, Nils Petter Gleditsch and HÅvard Hegre,
Journal of Conflict Resolution 1997; 41; 283
“The Controversy over the Democratic Peace: Rearguard Action or Cracks in the Wall?”Zeev
Maoz International Security, Vol. 22, No. 1. (Summer, 1997), pp. 162-198
“A Test for Reverse Causality in the Democratic Peace Relationship” Michael Mousseau,
Department of International Relations, Koç University
Yuhang Shi, Department of Political Science, East Carolina University “Debate on the
Democratic Peace. A Review”, Steven Geoffrey Gieseler
http://www.unc.edu/depts/diplomat/archives_roll/2004_0103/gieseler_debate/gieseler_debate.html
Semaines 11 et 12 (Jeudi 27mars 2008, jeudi 3 avril 2008)
VI- Les différentes approches de la paix démocratique
A.
B.
C.
D.
Approche normative
Approche institutionnelle
Approche politique
Théorie de la paix démocratique et études internationales
Lectures :
“Liberalism and world politics », Michael W. Doyle (1986), The American Political Science
Review, 80 (4) : 1151-1169.
“The Kantian Liberal Peace (Revisited).” Vesna Danilovic, NY University at Buffalo, SUNY, Joe
Clare University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Peace Magazine v15n3p10:
“Democracies Don't Fight Democracies”http://archive.peacemagazine.org/v15n3p10.htm
Peace Magazine v15n5p06: “Critique of R. J. Rummel's "Democratic Peace”.
http://archive.peacemagazine.org/v15n5p06.htm
“An Institutional Explanation of the Democratic Peace”,Bruce Bueno de Mesquita; James D.
Morrow; Randolph M. Siverson; Alastair SmithThe American Political Science Review,
Vol. 93, No. 4. (Dec., 1999), pp. 791-807.
Semaines 13 14 et 15 (Jeudi 10 avril 2008, jeudi, 17 avril 2008, jeudi 24 avril 2008)
Présentations et échanges sur les projets de recherche des personnes inscrites au séminaire
5 BIBLIOGRAPHIE
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[
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Russett, Bruce. 1995a. “From Containment To Democratic Peace.” World Politics (47:2 January)
268-282.
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