2009 - anglais - Sciences Po Toulouse

I N S T I T U T
D ' É T U D E S
P O L I T I Q U E S
TEST D'ENTREE EN DEUXIEME ANNEE
- 2009 ANGLAIS
Documents autorisés :
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vous trouverez en fin de test.
•
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a
Cocher la grille proprement selon le modèle ci-contre
B
1
2
3
b c d e
X
X
X
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America and Iraq
Well, is it victory or humiliation?
Adapted from The Economist Nov 27th 2008
No happy ending, but the final chapter of the Iraq saga remains to be written
WHO would have thought, when John McCain and Barack Obama were going head-to-head
on Iraq during America’s election campaign, that the Iraqis would decide for themselves
when to sling the Americans out? That, however, is precisely what they did this week when
Iraq's government approved a troop-withdrawal agreement which the government of Nuri alMaliki had spent a year squeezing out of its reluctant American interlocutors.
The agreement under discussion stipulates that American troops will withdraw (1) into their
bases by the middle of next year and leave Iraq altogether by the end of 2011. This is, on the
face of it (2), a firm timetable. It contains very few ifs and buts (3) and no clauses that give
America the right to linger on (4) uninvited. Iraq, it seems, will not be a home for the
permanent military bases that some Americans wanted and many Iraqis feared. […]
As with every other twist (5) in the Iraqi saga, the meaning of this latest turn is fiercely (6)
contested. Does it mark an astonishing American victory, snatched from the jaws of defeat?
That case can certainly be made. In 2006 a panel of “wise men”, led by James Baker and Lee
Hamilton, told Congress that America was failing in Iraq and had better start to withdraw.
Under their plan, the bulk of America’s combat forces would already have gone by now.
George Bush defied them, choosing instead to send even more troops. Now—thanks to that
“surge” and the Sunnis’ rejection of al-Qaeda—the country is mostly at peace and has a
democratically elected government confident enough to send its protectors home. […]
To Mr Bush’s detractors, by contrast, the withdrawal agreement is no victory, only the final
humiliation in a miserable sequence of calamities that flowed from a misbegotten war. On this
view, America is agreeing to leave only because its original designs have been
comprehensively thwarted (7) and it has no choice. When the troops go home, democracy
will strike no lasting roots in the dust of Mesopotamia. Iraq will either collapse back into
chaos, return to dictatorship, or fall under the spell and indirect control of Iran, its theocratic
neighbour and America’s arch-rival in the Persian Gulf. Less mission accomplished than the
mother of all American own-goals.
In truth, neither version is right. Mr Bush’s refusal to cut and run two years ago was indeed a
good call (8), one history may judge to have stopped Iraq’s descent into an ever-blacker hell
of sectarian killing and ethnic cleansing. […] Iraq remains violent and fractious and its
political institutions are weak. It has the potential at any moment to unravel (9) all over
again.
And yet to predict that Iraq is therefore destined to collapse into new chaos, or split into Shia,
Sunni and Kurdish fragments, or become a satellite of its Persian neighbour, is too
pessimistic. Though possible, none of these outcomes (10) is inevitable. Iraq is rich in oil
and—if its fugitive middle class starts to drift home—human resources too. Having looked
into the abyss, Iraqis know, and are keen to avoid, the dangers of sectarian division. And
though Iraq’s Shias are close to Iran, its Shias and Sunnis share an identity as Arabs that may
encourage them to resist a Persian takeover (11) of their politics. When America departs, a
lot of Iraqis will want Iran to butt out too. […]
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Les exercices 1, 2 et 3 portent sur l’article de la page précédente. Parcourez
les questions avant de lire l’article plus en détail. Vous pouvez écrire sur
l’article et le détacher si vous le souhaitez.
Exercice 1: Choisissez l’expression synonyme qui correspond le mieux
au sens du mot souligné en gras dans le texte. Reportez la réponse dans
la grille-réponse ( /11)
1- [withdraw]
a) take out b) retreat
c) recoil
2- [on the face of it]
a) apparently
b) however
d) by the way
e) facingly
d) flee
e) give ground
c) thus
3- [very few ifs and buts]
a) quite a few hesitations
b) a few twists and turns
c) no conditions whatsoever
d) quite a few ifs and buts
e) very few conditions and exceptions
4- [linger on]
a) brood over
b) go on about
e) head off
c) mull over
d) hang around
5- [twist]
a) development
e) stuff
c) feature
d) matter
6- [fiercely]
a) sternly
e) fixedly
b) craze
b) adamantly
7- [thwarted]
a) let up
b) disrupted
8- [call]
a) decision
9- [unravel]
a) loosen up
e) come undone
b) plea
c) grimly
c) soiled
c) finding
b) slacken c) splinter
d) sombrely
d) dirtied
d) rebuttal
e) stained
e) rebuff
d) break away
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10- [outcomes]
a) come-outs b) designs c) conclusions
11- [takeover]
a) occupation
e) toppling
b) surrender
d) outlooks
c) control
e) sides
d)
overthrow
Exercice 2 : Dans l’espace du recto de la grille-réponse réservé à cet
effet, traduire le premier paragraphe, en italique dans le texte (« Who
would have thought… American interlocutors »). (
/9)
Exercice 3 (
/15)
Victory or humiliation?
Provide two elements that indicate Mr Bush’s decision to send more troops
to Iraq in 2006 was the right decision to make, and two elements that
suggest, to George Bush’s opponents, that the withdrawal agreement should
not be considered as a victory.
Explain why the prospects in Iraq remain difficult (three reasons).
Underline three elements of hope for a more peaceful future in Iraq.
Write your answer on the back side of the answer sheet.
Exercice 4 – La fin des mots en gras a été effacée dans le texte cidessous. Écrivez lisiblement le mot entier dans la grille-réponse. ( /6)
The classic criticism of the single-curr___ (12) area is that it is not
integrated enou____ (13). Ten years after pool____ (14) economic sovereignty,
Italy's economic and budgetary position looks no more like Germany's. Yet
what____ (15) each member's economic position, all are subject to the same
monetary policy set at the ECB head____ (16) in Frankfurt. One result is
that the recent, gigantic housing bubbles in Ireland and Spain were further
inflated by an interest rate that was too low. Such differences could be
overc____ (17) if the euro area had a central spending authority that doled
out money to especially needy areas.
Extracted from The Guardian, Tuesday 30 December 2008
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Exercice 5 – Ce texte à trous suivant est le premier paragraphe d’un
article. Remplacez les blancs par les éléments appropriés : this/ the / a
/ 's / Ø [ce signe signifie qu’il ne faut rien mettre]. Reportez la réponse
dans la grille-réponse
(
/6)
A review of barriers to ____ (18) working-class entry into ____ (19) professions,
revealed in this week ______ (20) paper, will examine - alongside _____ (21)
forthcoming white paper into ____ (22) social mobility - some of the more insidious
factors behind _____ (23) inequality, particularly those that encourage and sustain
cosy networks.
Extracted from The Observer, Sunday 11 January 2009
Exercice 6- Choisissez la bonne réponse et reportez-la dans la grilleréponse.
(
/13)
24 - … all the opposition, the new treaty has the backing of public
opinion.
a) In spite
b) For
c) Though d) However e) As for
25 – “-He said it was his duty to enforce the law.
- Of course he …”
a) will b) does
c) might
d) should
e) would
26 – “-There was really no hurry, was there?
-You’re right. We… that taxi after all.”
a) mustn’t take
b) mustn’t have taken c) needn’t had taken
needn’t have taken e)
needn’t take
d)
27 – It’s about time you… taking driving lessons.
a) have started
b) start
c) are starting
d) are being started
e) started
28 – It’s surprising what you can get … in time.
a) used to
b) using to c) use to d) on use
e) used
29 – The Treasury can’t expect much from the peasants, … are
miserably poor.
a) most of which
b) whom
c)
whose most
d) most of whom
e) most of whose
30 – They voted her …
a) in power b)
to power c) with power d) powerful e)
for
power
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31 – … she was patient with him, she was angry.
a) Tough
b) Spite of the fact
c) Though
e) In spite that
d) Despite that
32 – That decision … a week ago
a) has been done b) has been made c) must have been done
d) was to have been made
e)
should have been done
33 – Never has … played so beautifully before.
a) anyone
b) everyone c) no one d) someone e) nobody
34 – I didn’t expect her to turn … at the party. I thought she was
abroad.
a) up b) away
c) in
d) around e) on
35 – I’m not sure when he…
a) has meant to be coming
e) had come
b) will come
36 – You may go out… you get back home early.
a) so as to
b) so long
c) so that d) whenever
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c) comes
d)
come
e) as long as
Entrée en 2ème année 2009 * Anglais *
NOM : ……………………………………………………………………….
Prénom : ..………………………………………………………………….
Date naissance : ………………………………
Grille-réponse:
a
b
01.
02.
03.
04.
05.
06.
07.
08.
09.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
Exercice 5
this the
c
d
Entrée en 2ème année 2009
- ANGLAIS –
Exercice 6
a
b
e
c
d
e
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
36.
Exercice 2: Traduction
a
's
Ø
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
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Exercice 3 : Victory or humiliation?
You must write 10 full sentences. You are not allowed to quote the text and must instead reformulate it.
Provide two elements that prove, to his supporters, that George Bush was right to send more troops
to Iraq in 2006.
(1) _________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
(2) _________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
Provide two elements that suggest, to George Bush’s opponents, that the withdrawal agreement should not be
seen as a victory.
(1) _________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
(2) _________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
Explain why prospects in Iraq remain difficult (three reasons).
(1)__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
(2) _________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
(3) _________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
Underline three elements of hope for a more peaceful future in Iraq.
(1)__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
(2) __________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
(3) __________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
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