inverse trigonometric integral
Transcription
inverse trigonometric integral
Chapter five Integration 5-1- Indefinite integrals : The set of all anti derivatives of a function is called indefinite integral of the function. Assume u and v denote differentiable functions of x, and a, n, and c are constants, then the integration formulas are:- du u(x) c 2 ) a u( x )dx a u( x )dx 3 ) u( x ) v ( x ) dx u( x ) dx v ( x ) dx 1) u n 1 c n1 au u 5 ) a du c ln a 4) n u du when n 1 & e u 1 u du du e u c EX-1 – Evaluate the following integrals: 1) 3x 2 dx 1 2 ) 2 x dx x 3) x x 1 dx 2t t 5 ) (z z 1 2 2 2 7) x 6x x2 dx x2 2 3x 10) 2 dt 9) ) 2 4 dz 3 - 4x Sol. – x3 1 ) 3x dx 3 x dx 3 c x3 c 3 2 x3 dx ex 8) dx 1 3e x 2 4) 6) 2 1 e - 2x dx 4 dx 1 du ln u c u 2 ) x x dx x -2 2 x 1 x 2 1 x2 dx x dx c c 1 2 x 2 3 1 1 1 ( x2 1 ) 2 1 2 2 3 ) x x 1 dx 2 x( x 1 ) dx c ( x 2 1 )3 c 3 2 2 3 2 2 t3 t 1 4 1 4 ) 2 t t 1 dt 4 t 2 4 t 2 dt 4 4 t c t 3 4t c 3 1 3 t 2 5) 6) (z 2 z 2 ) 2 4 dz (z z 2 x3 x2 6 x 2 z 4 2 z 4 4 dz z 4 2 z 4 dz ) dz ( z z 2 dx 2 2 z 3 z 1 1 1 ) dz c z3 c 3 1 3 z 1 1 2 2 ( 2 x 6 ) ( x 6 x ) dx 2 1 1 ( x2 6 x ) 2 c x2 6 x c 1 2 2 x2 2 2 x 1 2 x 1 2 7) dx dx x 2 x dx ln x c ln x c x2 x2 1 x x2 ex 1 1 8) dx 3e x ( 1 3e x )1 dx ln( 1 3e x ) c x 3 3 1 3e 4 4 4 3 3 9 ) 3x 3 e 2 x dx 8 x 3 e 2 x dx e 2 x c 8 8 1 1 1 10 ) 2 - 4x dx 2 - 4x ( 4 dx ) 2 - 4x c 4 4 ln 2 5-2- Integrals of trigonometric functions : The integration formulas for the trigonometric functions are: sin u du cos u c 8 ) tan u du ln cos u c 10 ) sec u du ln sec u tan u c 12 ) sec u du tan u c 14 ) sec u tan u du sec u c 6) 2 2 7 ) cos u du sin u c 9 ) cot u du ln sin u c 11 ) csc u du ln csc u cot u c 13 ) csc 2 u du cot u c 15 ) csc u cot u du csc u c EX-2- Evaluate the following integrals: 1 ) cos( 3 1 )d 6) x sin(2x ) dx 3 ) cos ( 2 y ) sin( 2 y ) dy 4 ) sec x tan x dx 7) 2 2 3 3 5) 2 1 - sin 3t cos3t dt 8) tan (5x) sec (5x) dx 9) sin x cos x dx 2 2) d cos 4 2 sin3t cos 3t dt 10) 2 3 cot 2 x x dx Sol.- 1 1 3 cos( 3 1 ) d sin( 3 1 ) c 3 3 1 1 2 ) 4 x sin( 2 x 2 )dx cos( 2 x 2 ) c 4 4 3 1 1 cos 2 y 1 2 3 3 ) - cos 2 y 2 sin 2 y dy c cos 2 y c 2 2 3 6 sec 3 x 2 4 ) sec x sec x tan x dx c 3 1) 1 1 1 2 sin 3t 2 2 2 sin 3t 3 c 5 ) 2 sin 3t 2 3 cos 3t dt c 3 3 3 9 2 d 6) sec 2 d tan c 2 cos 1 1 2 7 ) 1 sin 2 3t cos 3t dt 3 cos 3t dt sin3t 3cos3t dt 3 3 1 1 sin 3 3t 1 1 sin 3t c sin 3t sin 3 3t c 3 3 3 3 9 4 1 1 tan 5 x 1 8 ) tan 3 5 x 5 sec 2 5 x dx c tan 4 5 x c 5 5 4 20 9 ) sin 4 x cos 3 x dx sin 4 x 1 sin 2 x cos x dx 3 sin 5 x sin7 x sin x cos x dx sin x cos x dx c 5 7 4 6 3 10 ) cot 2 x x dx csc 2 x 1 x 1 x 2 - cot x 1 2 dx 2 csc 2 x 2 x x 1 2 dx c 2 cot x 2 x c 2 5-3- Integrals of inverse trigonometric functions: The integration formulas for the inverse trigonometric functions are: du u u 16 ) sin 1 c cos 1 c ; u 2 a 2 2 2 a a a u du 1 u 1 u 17 ) 2 tan 1 c cot 1 c 2 a a a a a u du 1 u 1 u 18 ) sec 1 c csc 1 c ; u 2 a 2 a a a u u2 a 2 a EX-3 Evaluate the following integrals: 1) 2) x2 1 x6 dx dx 9 x2 x 3) dx 1 x4 4) 5) x sec 2 x 1 tan 2 x dx 7) dx 1 3x 2 8) 1 sin 9) 2) 4 x2 1 1 1 1 3 x 2 dx sin 1 x 3 c 3 3 1 ( x 3 )2 dx 9 x2 x( 1 x ) 2cosx e sin -1 2 x dx x 1 x2 tan 1 x 10) dx 1 x2 dx Sol.- 1) 2 dx 6) sin 1 x c 3 4 1 2x 1 dx tan 1 x 2 c 2 2 2 1 ( x ) 2 sec 2 x 4) dx sin 1 (tan x ) c 2 1 tan x 2 dx 5) sec 1 ( 2 x ) c 2 x ( 2 x )2 1 1 2 2 x dx 6) dx 4 4 tan 1 x c 2 x 1 x 1 ( x ) 3) 7) 1 3 dx 3 1 ( 2 1 tan 1 ( 3 x ) c 3x ) 3 cosx dx 8 ) 2 2 tan 1 (sin x ) c 2 1 (sin x ) 1 1 dx 9 ) e sin x e sin x c 1 x2 dx (tan 1 x )2 1 10 ) tan x c 2 1 x2 5-4- Integrals of hyperbolic functions: The integration formulas for the hyperbolic functions are: sinh u du cosh u c 20 ) cosh u du sinh u c 21 ) tanh u du lncosh u c 22 ) coth u du lnsinh u c 23 ) sec h u du tanh u c 24 ) csc h u du coth u c 25 ) sec hu tanh u du sec hu c 26 ) csc hu coth u du csc hu c 19 ) 2 2 5 EX-4 – Evaluate the following integrals: 1) cosh(lnx) dx x 6) sec h 2 ( 2 x 3 ) dx 2) sinh( 2 x 1 ) dx e x ex 7) x dx e ex 3) sinhx cosh 4 x dx 8) e 4) x cosh(3x 9) 1 cosh x dx 5) sinh 4 2 ) dx x cosh x dx 10) ax e ax dx sinh x csch 2 Sol.- dx sinh(ln x ) c x 1 1 2 ) sinh( 2 x 1 ) ( 2 dx ) cosh( 2 x 1 ) c 2 2 1 sinh x 3) dx sec h 3 x tanh x dx 3 cosh x cosh x sec h 3 x 2 sec h x sec hx tanh x dx c 3 1 1 4 ) cosh( 3 x 2 ) ( 6 x dx ) sinh( 3 x 2 ) c 6 6 sinh5 x 4 5 ) sinh x cosh x dx c 5 1 1 6 ) sec h 2 2 x 3 2 dx tanh2 x 3 c 2 2 x x e e 7) x dx tanh x dx ln(cosh x ) c e ex e ax e ax 2 2 8 ) 2 dx sinh ax (a dx) cosh ax c 2 a a sinh x dx 9) ln1 cosh x c 1 cosh x csc h 2 x 10 ) csc hx csc hx coth x dx c 2 1) cosh(ln x ) 6 x cothx dx 5-5- Integrals of inverse hyperbolic functions: The integration formulas for the inverse hyperbolic functions are: 27 ) 28 ) du 1 u du sinh 1 u c 2 u2 1 cosh 1 u c 1 du tanh u c if u 1 1 1 u 29 ) c ln 2 1 2 1 u 1 u coth u c if u 1 1 du 30 ) sec h 1 u c cosh 1 c u 1 u2 u 1 du 31 ) csc h 1 u c sinh1 c u 1 u2 u EX-4 – Evaluate the following integrals: 1) 4) x dx 1 4x2 dx 4 x2 2) 5) dx 4 x2 sec 2 d tan 2 1 Sol.- 1 2 dx 1 sinh1 2 x c 2 1 4x2 2 1 dx x 2 2) sinh 1 c 2 2 1 x 2 dx 3) tanh 1 x c if x 1 2 1 x coth 1 x c if x 1 1) 7 3) dx 1 x2 6) 1 tanh ln x x1 dxln 2 x 4) 5) 6) 1 x 4 x2 2 x 1 dx 1 tan 1 2 let sec 2 1 tanh (ln x ) 1 2 2 dx 2 1 x 2 1 csc h 1 x c 2 2 d cosh 1 (tan ) c u ln x tanh u 2 2 2 1 ln x 2 1 dx 2x du dx x( 1 ln2 x) tanh 1 u 2 c tanh 1 (ln x ) c 8 2 du 1 u2 Problems – 5 Evaluate the following integrals: 1) x 2) e 3) tan(3x 5) dx 2 5 3 1 5 x x 4x c ) 3 5 x (ans. : cose c ) 1 4 x 2 dx (ans. : sin e x dx x cot(lnx) x dx sinx cosx 5) dx cosx dx 6) 1 cosx (ans. : ln sin(lnx) c ) 4) 7) 2 cot(2x 1) csc (2x 1) dx 8) 9) (ans. : ln cosx x c ) (ans. : cotx cscx c ) (ans. : dx (ans. : 1 9x2 dx 2 x 2 2x 2x e coshe dx 11 ) e 12 ) e cosx dx (ans. : 1 13 ) 14 ) x a b 3 x dx where a,b constants 15 ) 1 x 16 ) 1 sin x dx 2 c) 1 3 x e c) 3 (ans. : 2e dx (ans. : x 2 x c) 5 1 ( 5ax 2 4 3bx 2 ) c ) 10 (ans. : tan 1 x c ) 2 cos θ dθ 2 x 1 sinh e 2 x c ) 2 (ans. : e sinx c ) 3x x 1 sin 1 ( 3 x ) c ) 3 (ans. : dx e 1 cot 2 ( 2 x 1 ) c ) 4 (ans. : sin 1 10 ) sinx 1 ln cos( 3 x 5 ) c ) 3 (ans. : (ans. : tan 1 (sin ) c ) 9 1 1 1 csc cot x 2 x x dx 3x 1 18 ) dx 3 2 3x 2x 1 17 ) 19 ) sin(tan ) sec 20 ) sec 2 2 x dx 22 ) sin cos 23 ) y 24 ) 25 ) t 3 ( t 3 1 ) 3 dt 26 ) 2 4 (ans. : cos 2 c ) y dy 1 dx (ans. : 5 2 5 9 53 ( t 1 )3 c ) 25 4 5 (ans. : 1 x5 c ) 2 2 (ans. : dx x 1 5 4 cos 28 ) x 29 ) e 1 x5 1 4x 1 16 x dx 2 2 (ans. : dx 1 3 cos 1 4 x c ) 12 (ans. : sec 1 ( 2 x ) c ) 4 x2 1 dx x 2 e ln x 2 dx 3 x cot x dx ln(sin x ) (ln x )2 x dx sin x e sec x cos 2 x dx x 1 tan 1 y 2 c ) 2 (ans. : 2 tan 1 x c ) x( x 1 ) 33 ) d 1 ( 1 x 2 )3 c ) 3 tan 2 x c ) (ans. : tan 2 x 27 ) 32 ) (ans. : cos(tan ) c ) (ans. : 31 ) d 1 c) x 33 ( 3 x 2 2 x 1 )2 c ) 4 (ans. : x 2 x 4 dx 21 ) 30 ) 2 (ans. : csc (ans. : 1 tanh x c ) 4 (ans. : 1 ln x 2 3 c) 2ln3 (ans. : ln ln(sin x ) c ) (ans. : 1 (ln x )3 c ) 3 (ans. : e sec x c ) 11 dx x ln x d 35 ) cosh sinh 2 x 82 x 36 ) dx 4x (ans. : ln ln x c ) 34 ) (ans. : e c ) (ans. : x 1 e tan 2 t 37 ) dt 1 4t 2 cot x 38 ) dx csc x 39 ) 4 3 sec x tan x dx 40 ) csc 4 (ans. : 1 1 tan 6 x tan 4 x c ) 6 4 1 1 (ans. : cot 3 3 x cot 3 x c ) 9 3 (ans. : 3 x dx (ans. : csct sint c ) (ans. : 2 tan 4 d (ans. : ex 44 ) dx 1 ex 45 ) tan 3 1 cot 3 x cotx c ) 3 1 tan 4 c ) 4 (ans. : ln( 1 e x ) c ) 2 x dx (ans. : sec 2 x 46 ) dx 2 tan x 47 ) 1 tan1 2 t e c) 2 (ans. : sinx c ) cos 3 t 41 ) dt sin 2 t sec 4 x 42 ) dx tan 4 x 43 ) 1 25 x c ) 5 ln 2 1 1 tan 2 2 x ln cos 2 x c ) 4 2 (ans. : ln( 2 tan x ) c ) 4 sec 3 x dx (ans. : et 48 ) dt 1 e 2t cos x 49 ) dx x dx 50 ) sin x cos x 1 1 tan 3 3 x tan 3 x c ) 9 3 (ans. : tan 1 e t c ) (ans. : 2 sin x c ) (ans. : ln csc2x cot2x c ) 11 51 ) 1 sin y dy (ans. : 2 1 sin y c ) dx ( x 2 1 )( 2 tan 1 x ) sinh x dx 53 ) sin 1 (cosh x ) 1 cosh 2 x cos d 54 ) 1 sin 2 dx 55 ) x 1 (ln x )2 (ans. : ln( 2 tan 1 x ) c ) 52 ) 56 ) e 9 4 x 5 x (ans. : (ans. : tan 1 (ln x ) c ) x 4 94 x 8 54 x e e 4e 4 c ) 9 5 1 (ans. : x c) e 1 1 1 (ans. : e 3 x e x c ) 2 3 (ans. : e x dx 57 ) 2 x e 2e x 1 58 ) e x sinh 2 x dx sec 3 x e sin x 59 ) dx sec x 3 x2 60 ) dx 2 9 x1 cos x dx 61 ) sin x 1 sin x 62 ) 5 tan x dx 63 ) ln sin e 1 64 ) x x e 2 65 ) cosh(ln cosx) 66 ) sin 67 ) 1 cosh (sinx) x 1 (ans. : tanx e sin x c ) (ans. : 3 2 ln 3 tan 1 3 x1 2 c) (ans. : 2sin 1 sin x c ) 1 sec 4 x sec 2 x ln cos x c ) 4 1 (ans. : (sin 1 x )2 c ) 2 (ans. : dx (ans. : ln sec tan c ) 2e 4 e 4 dx x 1 2 sinh 1 (cosh x ) c ) 2 1 x 2 1 x 2 1 e c) 2 1 (ans. : sinx ln secx tanx c ) 2 dx (ans. : dx cos x dx 2 x (ans. : cscx c ) cosx dx (ans. : sin x 1 2 12 1 2 cosh 1 (sinx) c ) 2