Institute for Sanitary Engineering, Water Quality and Solid Waste

Transcription

Universität Stuttgart
Institute report 2006-2007
Chair of Sanitary Engineering
and Water Quality Management
o. Prof. Dr.-Ing. Ulrich Rott
Tel.: ++49 (0) 711/685-63711
Water Quality Management and
Water Supply | WGW
Dipl.-Ing. Ralf Minke
Tel.: ++49 (0) 711/685-65423
Industrial Water and Wastewater
Technology | IWT
Solid Waste | SIA
Institute for Sanitary Engineering,
Water Quality and Solid Waste
Management
Dr.-Ing. Klaus Fischer
Tel.: ++49 (0) 711/685-65427
Hazardous Waste and
Contaminated Sites | SOA
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Erwin Thomanetz
Tel.: ++49 (0) 711/685-65438
| ALR
Measuring in Air Pollution
Control | TAL
Dr.-Ing. Martin Reiser
Tel.: ++49 (0) 711/685-65416
| AWT
Dr.-Ing. Uwe Menzel
Tel.: ++49 (0) 711/685-65417
o. Prof. Dr.-Ing. Heidrun Steinmetz
Tel.: ++49 (0) 711/685-63723
Hydrochemistry | CH
o. Prof. Dr. rer. nat. habil. Jörg W.
Metzger . Tel.: ++49 (0) 711/685-63721
Biology | BIO
Wastewater Technology | AWT
Dr.-Ing. Jörg Krampe
Tel.: ++49 (0) 711/685-65420
Chair of Waste Management and
Emissions
Dr.-Ing. Wolf-Rüdiger Müller
Tel.: ++49 (0) 711/685-65411
Sewage Treatment Plant for
Research and Education | LFKW
Dr.-Ing. Manfred Roth
Tel.: ++49 (0) 711/685-63724
o. Prof. Dr.-Ing. Martin Kranert
Tel.: ++49 (0) 711/685-65500
Administrative Office
Biological Air Purification | ALR
Dipl.-Ing. Stephan Mollweide
Tel.: ++49 (0) 711/685-63713
Prof. Dr. rer. nat. Karl-Heinrich
Engesser . Tel.: ++49 (0) 711/685-63734
| BIO
Bandtäle 2
70569 Stuttgart
Germany
Tel.: ++49 (0) 711/685-63711
Fax: ++49 (0) 711/685-63729
www.iswa.uni-stuttgart.de
Chair of Sanitary Engineering and
Waterrecycling
Chair of Hydrochemistry and
Hydrobiology
| CH
| IWT
| LFKW
| SIA
| SOA
| TAL
| WGW
Water Quality and Solid Waste Management | ISWA
Bandtäle 2
Content
Institute for Sanitary Engineering, Water Quality
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and Solid Waste Management
Chair of Sanitary Engineering and Water Quality Management
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Chair of Sanitary Engineering and Waterrecycling
Water Quality Management and Water Supply | WGW
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Industrial Water and Wastewater Technology | IWT
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Chair of Waste Management and Emissions
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Solid Waste | SIA
70
Hazardous Waste and Contaminated Sites | SOA
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Measuring in Air Pollution Control | TAL
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Chair of Hydrochemistry and Hydrobiology
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Hydrochemistry | CH
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Biology | BIO
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Sewage Treatment Plant for Research and Education | LFKW
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Management ISWA
Management
Bandtäle 2
70569 Stuttgart
Germany
Tel.: ++49 (0) 711/685-63711
Fax: ++49 (0) 711/685-63729
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The Institute for Sanitary Engineering, Water Quality and Solid Waste Management (ISWA) is a research and training facility of the University of Stuttgart
(Universität Stuttgart) within the faculty of “Civil and Environmental Engineering
Sciences”. The University’s Sewage Treatment Plant for Research and Teaching,
which is situated within the institute, is unique throughout Europe.
Experts from various engineering and natural sciences
work together at our institute on an interdisciplinary
basis. Our principal areas of expertise are the classical
engineering tasks in the environmental fields of water,
wastewater, solid waste, soil and exhaust air.
The continuous development of technical facilities and
practical methods in the fields of industrial and municipal supply and disposal are the focus of our interest.
Our experience is also incorporated in the monitoring
and development of quality assurance measures and
management systems.
Our institute, which is known today as the Institute for
Sanitary Engineering, Water Quality and Solid Waste
Management (ISWA), was founded as the “Institute
for Sanitary Engineering and Health Technology” in the
early 1950s. At that time it was the first educational
establishment in Germany for civil engineers in the
field of water and solid waste in urban development. In
the 1970s the first chair of solid waste management at
a German university was created. Today, our institute
is one of the largest of its kind in the world.
in Sanitary Engineering – represent the broad spectrum of environmental issues that occupy us in two
departments and seven sections. Our institute offers
numerous courses and internships in basic and specialized studies as well as student research projects,
dissertations, Bachelor- and Master’s theses for the
following courses of study:
• Civil Engineering
• Environmental Engineering
• WAREM (Water Resources Engineering and Management)
• WASTE (Air Quality Control, Solid Waste and Waste
Water Process Engineering)
• Infrastructure Planning
• Geography
• Technical Biology
• real estate technic and -industry
• EDUBRAS-MAUI
We offer a large variety of study courses
For the first time, ISWA introduced a M. Sc. course
under German administration at the public university
UFBR of Curitiba, Brazil. The project named „Export of
German universitary education“ is funded by DAAD.
Therewith, courses of ISWA are also offered overseas.
The
and
ring
and
In addition there are courses for students of process
engineering, real estate management, biology and chemistry. We also participate in the international doctoral
candidate programme ENWAT (Environment Water) of
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four chairs at the ISWA – Sanitary Engineering
Water Quality Management, Sanitary Engineeand Water Recycling, Solid Waste Management
Exhaust Air, Hydrochemistry and Hydrobiology
Institute for Sanitary Engineering, Water Quality and Solid Waste Management ISWA
the University of Stuttgart (Universität Stuttgart), as
well as in programmes for extracurricular training and
continuing professional development.
Under the auspices of the ISWA, scientific colloquia
and congresses on current topics of national significance relating to sanitary engineering and solid waste
management have been held since 1957. Our academic employees are represented on numerous national
and international boards as well as on technical and
standardization committees of various technical-scientific organizations.
have a large amount of (online) measuring equipment
available for experiments on a laboratory scale, semitechnical scale and technical scale. In particular, this
includes equipment for organic trace analysis; in part,
these are operated using special coupling techniques
for mass spectrometry (GCMS-MS, HPLCMS- MS). We
also utilize computer supported prediction methods.
With the aid of specially designed computer applications, modelling of processes in water and wastewater
treatment is possible; measures in the fields of rainwater management and waste management concepts
can be modelled, as well as geochemical simulations
being carried out. The continuously improved computer simulations serve process control or decision making at various levels.
The ISWA facilities
Focal points of teaching and research
The institute currently employs around 120 people;
five professors and about sixty academic employees,
supported by a considerable number of academic and
student assistants as well as technical and administrative staff.
Our activities under the chairs of sanitary engineering
and water quality management and Sanitary Engineering and Water Recycling are concentrated around the
minimization of the anthropogenic influence on water
bodies and the natural hydrologic cycle during water
extraction, and are engaged in the optimized treatment
and sustainable use of water resources, as well as effective, environmentally friendly wastewater discharge
and treatment. Internationally, water resources management in particular is of increasing importance in
the rapidly growing urban areas of the developing and
emerging countries in different climatic zones.
Scientific collaboration
All necessary facilities, from the research treatment
plant, laboratories and lecture rooms, to the technical library and computer workstations equipped with
specialist applications, are available for university teaching and research. One of the special features of our
institute is the sewage treatment plant for research
and education, which routinely also cleans the wastewater from the campus in Vaihingen and the district
Stuttgart Büsnau.
Our laboratories are excellently equipped for extensive investigations in a wide variety of environmental fields (water, wastewater, solid waste/soil, air). We
The chair of solid waste management and exhaust air
develops solutions ranging from waste avoidance to
routes for material recycling and energy exploitation
of waste, and their environmentally friendly disposal,
including controlling the resulting emissions. Waste
management is interdisciplinarily embedded in both a
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scientific-technical and socio-economic context. Here,
too, international cooperation projects are highly valued, but also regional integration, e.g. via the Kompetenzzentrum Umwelttechnik – KURS e.V. (Competence
Centre Environmental Engineering).
The chair of Hydrochemistry and Hydrobiology in Sanitary Engineering addresses questions on sanitary engineering and solid waste management using natural
scientific methods. In particular, the occurrence and
behaviour of environmental chemicals (e.g. eliminatability, accumulation, mobility) in surface waters and
groundwater, in water and wastewater treatment, as
well as in soil and waste, are investigated. Moreover,
analytical quality assurance takes a high priority. The
close association of interdisciplinary research, teaching
and practice in all areas of our institute is achieved by
a constant discourse with external partners and research facilities as well as with clients, public and private facilities. Beside work on research and development projects, we offer external partners numerous
services, consulting and expert’s advisory services as
well as continuing education programmes.
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The professors of ISWA together with their collegues
from IWS founded the „Wasserforschungszentrum
Stuttgart“ - wfz (Water Research Center Stuttgart) end
of 2007. The wfz is an international engineering center
for water research that supports and interdisciplinarily networks teaching (academic studies), instruction
(pHD students), research and practice.
Institute for Sanitary Engineering, Water Quality and Solid Waste Management ISWA
Institute for Sanitary Engineering, Water Quality
and Solid Waste Management
Managing Director:
Board of Management:
Full professors — Department Heads
Head of Administrativ Office — Manager of the Waste Water Treatment Plant
Water Quality Management and Water Supply
Industrial Water and Wastewater Technology
Dr.-Ing. Uwe Menzel
Chair of Sanitary Engineering and Water Recycling
Wastewater Technology
Biological Air Purification
Prof. Dr. rer. nat. Karl-Heinrich Engesser
Solid Waste Management
Hazardous Waste and Contaminated Sites
Measuring and Air Pollution Control
o. Prof. Dr. rer. nat. habil Jörg W. Metzger
Hydrochemistry
o. Prof. Dr. rer. nat. habil Jörg W. Metzger
Biology
Administrative Office ISWA
Research and Teaching Wastewater Treatment
Plant; Dr.-Ing. Manfred Roth
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Chair of Sanitary Engineering and Water
Quality Management
Chair of Sanitary Engineering and Water
Recycling
WGW
Industrial Water and Waste Water Technology
Dr.-Ing. Uwe Menzel
IWT
Sewage Technology
AWT
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Institute for Sanitary Engineering, Water Quality and Solid Waste Management
Chair of Sanitary Engineering and Water Quality
Management, Chair of Sanitary Engineering and
Water Recycling
Research
The Chair of Sanitary Engineering and Water Quality
Management as well as the Chair of Sanitary Engineering and Water Recycling are engaged in a wide range
of activities. These include the fields of pure and applied research, the consulting of governmental, municipal and industrial partners and the completion of research and development contracts on behalf of private,
industrial and public sponsors. As activities of the Field
of „Wastewater Technology“, stormwater treatment
and discharge, concept development for urban drainage, planning of sewage networks and minimisation
of infiltration water can be mentioned. Another area of
key activities includes the further development of biological and advanced wastewater treatment processes,
in particular of anaerobic, membrane and disinfection
processes, measurement and control technologies,
water-recycling as well as the assessment and survey
of planning and process engineering methods. Moreover, topics such as energy optimisation, employment
of alternative energy resources in wastewater treatment and recycling of valuable materials and nutrients
are encompassed. For a worldwide implementation,
concepts and technologies for reutilization of water are
tested and dimensioning principles for tropic climates
are developed. Finally, neutral evaluation of performance of individual process stages, e.g. oxygen intake
measurements, as well as of entire water purification
facilities and small sewage plants according to DIN
4262 and EN 12566-3 respectively is conducted.
In the department Water Quality Management and
Water Supply, as the name implies, attention is paid
both to water quality management and water supply.
In terms of water quality management, major focus is
given to the analysis of water body quality and to the
investigation of impacts of water saving measures and
of rain water management and usage.
Attention is also given to the precautionary protection
of drinking water resources, e.g. in terms of research
on the pesticides’ pathway into surface water bodies or
on the interactions of industrial waste water pretreatment/management and the subsequent treatment in
public plants.
Competence is superabound particularly with regard to
modelling and simulation of the transformation of indirectly discharged waste waters in the course of their
transport and of their treatment along with municipal
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waste waters. The development of procedurally, ecologically and economically optimised water recycling
concepts for various industries such as textile finishing, leather, paper, milk and beverage industry, is
also one the core competences.
In terms of water supply, issues regarding subterranean water treatment like denitrification and removal
of iron, manganese and arsenic are addressed. Significant focus is also given to membrane applications,
advanced oxidation processes and anaerobic biological processes for the allocation of drinking and service waters in industry. Furthermore, the department
deals with all issues related to transport, storage and
distribution of drinking water, e.g. hygienic problems
resulting due to excess retention times in the water
distribution network.
At the IWT department (Industrial Water and Wastewater Technology), we specialize in redefining plant
internal processes and production integrated environmental protection, processing and cleaning wastewater as well as the recirculation and discharge of industrial wastewater.
Due to our systematic procedures and many years of
experience we are able to represent our customers
from the different sectors of the industry with a considerably wide range of economical as well as ecological solutions and potentials. We emphasis mainly
in offering our professional advice to clients from the
textile finishing industry and paper industry, gastronomy- and food-industry, the cosmetic and pharmaceutical industry, the chemical as well as the metal and
automobile industry. Alongside plant internal solutions
we also create decentral as well as central solutions
by developing extensive purification processes for the
treatment of industrial wastewater at communal treatment plants. Therefore a series of aerobic and anaerobic biological degradation tests are carried out in
advance.
Further emphasis of ours is the treatment of leachate
of landfills using biological and chemical-physical processes. For example we are developing adaptable modular processes for the aftercare operations of landfills
at reduced leachate levels and toxic concentrations.
Therefore the use of carbon adsorption processes and
membrane processes play an essential role in our
work. Here at the IWT department we also deal with
topics such as water and waste recycling as well as saving resources. Exemplary is our expert’s assessment
of industrial residues as alternative fuel in the cement
industry as well as the sludge incineration in cement
plants.
Further more at the IWT department we specialize in
developing international study courses and curriculum
exchanges at universities and academies abroad, for
example the initiation of the Master of Science program “EDUBRAS-MAUI - Kommunaler und industrieller
Umweltschutz” in Curitiba/ Brazil.
A further research topic that is being researched here
at the IWT department is the complex theme “Wastewater containing mineral oil”. Head of the department
Dr. Menzel, was appointed as the expert for this project by the “Deutsches Institut für Bautechnik (DIBt)”
in Berlin. As a result of being appointed as part of the
expert-committee, the IWT department was then appointed as the official inspection office. The department is responsible for carrying out practical tests at
different plants to ensure the reduction of hydrocarbon
in wastewater containing mineral oil.
Courses and Lectures
Chair professors, assistant professors and researchers
supervise students in the following courses:
ring course. The main course is divided into three
specialised areas: “Water Supply and Water Quality Management”, “Wastewater Treatment” and
“Industrial Wastewater” along with numerous core
and complementary lectures.
• In the Master-Program Infrastructure Planning in
English language in the courses “Water Supply and
Water Distribution”, “Water Quality Management”,
“Wastewater Technology” and “Water Treatment”.
• In the Master-Program Water Resources Engineering and Management (WAREM) oriented for foreign students with “Water Quality Management”,
“Waste Water Technology”, Biological and Advanced Wastewater Treatment”, “Water Supply and
Water Distribution” as well as “Water Treatment”
and as optional lectures “Design of Sewer Systems and Stormwater Treatment”, “Treatment of
Industrial Wastewater” as well as “Water Quality
Measurements on Location”.
• In the Master-Program Air Quality Control, Solid Waste and Waste Water Process Engineering
(WASTE) oriented for foreign students with core
and optional lectures in all fields of domestic and
industrial wastewater disposal and treatment as
well as of water quality and management.
• In the basic course “Sanitary Engineering” and in
the specialised courses “Water Quality and Water
Supply” and “Wastewater Technology” for German graduands of the civil engineering course.
Thereby, the following core lectures are offered:
“Water Quality Management”, “Water Treatment”,
Design of Water Treatment Plants”, “Construction
and Operation of Sewer Systems”, “Highly Efficient Biological Wastewater Treatment”, “Industrial
Wastewater”, “Design of Wastewater Treatment
Plants” as well as “Sewer Systems and Stormwater Treatment”. Besides, the following complementary courses are offered: “Water Supply in Remote
Areas”, “Practical Work on Location for Water Quality and Water Supply”, “Water Supply Networks”,
“Control and Simulation of Wastewater Treatment
Plants”, Monitoring and Operation of Wastewater
Treatment Plants” and “Practical Work on Wastewater Treatment Plants”.
• In Curitiba/Brazil, the Master-Program “EDUBRASMAUI” (Meio Ambient Urbano e Rural – Domestic
and Industrial Environment Protection” was introduced by the department IWT with German
standards and co-ordination. In this new MasterProgram, Brazilian students are qualified in the
scope of the German Program “Study Proposals
by German Faculties Overseas”, sponsored by the
German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD). The
title “Master of Science” shall be acknowledged in
Brazil and Germany and its accreditation shall be
aimed.
Furthermore, some lectures are offered for students
of process engineering. The proposed lectures are
completed by various excursions of one or more days,
practical works as well as by the periodic seminar
“Wastewater Technology” and “Water Supply and Water Quality Management”.
• In the basic courses “Water Management I” and
“Sanitary Engineering, Disposal Techniques I” for
German graduands of the environmental enginee-
By means of seminars and colloquia, a high number of
events for continuing education are offered. These are
preferably organised in co-operation with DWA, DVGW
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and BWK. Other events to be emphasised are the periodic colloquia for Wastewater Treatment and Potable
Water, the course for Water Sampling by order of The
Ministry for Environment of Baden-Württemberg as
well as the lectures in the scope of the correspondence
course “Water and Environment” at the Bauhaus Universität Weimar.
The chair’s international activities continuously increase in importance. Apart from the Master-Programm
“EDUBRAS-MAUI”, the department IWT offers other
courses internationally. In the scope of the Program
“Export of German Study Proposals” of the model project “Study Proposals on Environmental Engineering in
Brazil – Summer School” by DAAD, classes are offered
during three weeks in different Federal States of Brazil.
Last but not least, the supervision of study seminars,
independent studies, master theses and design works
is an important aspect for the formation of junior researchers.
Excursion with international students to decentralized stormwater discharge and infiltration facilities; here open
channel in a housing area
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Dissertations
Aufbereitung von Spülwässern bei der hydraulischen In-situ-Sanierung
Integrated Ressource Planning to Meet Future
Demand in Jeddah - Saudi Arabia
Birgit Memminger (2006)
Supervisor: Prof. Dr.-Ing. U. Rott,
Prof. Dr.-Ing. H. Hasse
Hassan Shawly (2007)
Development of a Knowledge Based Decicion
Support System for Private Sector Participation
in Water and Sanitation Utilities
Carla Conçalves Pinheiro Böhl (2007)
Prof. Dr. rer. nat. Dr.-Ing. habil. András Bárdossy
Multi-objective and Risk-based Modelling Methodology for Planning, Design and Operation of
Water Supply Systems
Aleksandar Trifkovic (2007)
Verfahrenstechnische Möglichkeiten zur Entfernung von organischen Spurenstoffen aus kommunalem Abwasser
Corinna Schrader (2007)
Prof. Dr.-Ing. J. Pinnekamp
Publications
Antakyalı, D., Krampe, J., Steinmetz H., Hafner G.,
Kranert M.: “Turizm bölgelerinde atıksu arıtımı, katı
atık yönetimi ve enerji kazanımına bütünleyici bakış:
MODULAARE”. TMMOB Çevre Mühendisleri Odası, 7.
Ulusal Çevre Mühendisliği Kongresi, 24-27 Ekim 2007,
İzmir, Türkiye
English title: “An integrated approach on the wastewater treatment, solid waste disposal and energy recovery in tourist resorts: MODULAARE”
Kauffmann, H., et al.: In-situ treatment of arsenic contaminated groundwater in West Bengal / India. Poster, As 2006, Natural Arsenic in Groundwaters of Latin
America, Mexico City, 20. – 23.06.2006
Kauffmann, H., et al.: Groundwater use in irrigation
in the Mature Delta of West Bengal. Poster, European
Groundwater Conference, Vienna, 22. - 23.06.2006
Gasse, J.: Keimbelastung in Fließgewässern - Quellen
und Ansätze zur Bilanzierung. Kleines Institutstreffen,
14./15. Februar 2006, Stuttgart
Kauffmann, H., et al.: Arsenic Removal from Groundwater in West-Bengal / India by Means of In-situ Treatment. Poster, European Groundwater Conference, Vienna, 22. - 23. June 2006
Gasse, J., Krampe, J.: Keimbelastung in Fließgewässern – Untersuchungen im Einzugsgebiet des Bodensees. Dienstbesprechung Kommunales Abwasser und
Gewässerschutz, Umweltministerium Baden-Württemberg, 11./12. Juli 2006, Pfedelbach
Krampe, J.: Vergleich verschiedener Druckbelüftungssysteme unter Betriebsbedingungen in kommunalen
Kläranlagen, in: Stuttgarter Berichte zur Siedlungswasserwirtschaft, Band 186, S. 59 – 77, Oldenbourg
Verlag, München, 2006
Gasse, J., Krampe, J.: Auswirkungen von Abwassereinleitungen auf die hygienische Gewässerqualität. DWA
Landesverbandstagung Baden-Württemberg, 18./19.
Oktober 2007, Pforzheim
Krampe, J., Kaebert, S.: Stand der Belüftungstechnik
in Baden-Württemberg. Jahresbesprechung der Lehrer
des DWA-Landesverbandes Baden-Württemberg, 30.
März 2006, Stuttgart
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Krampe, J., Schrader, C.: Technische Möglichkeiten zur
Elimination organischer Spurenstoffe bei der Abwasserbeseitigung. Kongress des Umweltministeriums Baden-Württemberg: Arzneimittel – Spurenschadstoffe
im Wasserkreislauf und Boden, 17. Mai 2006, Stuttgart
Krampe, J., Laufer, R.: Abwasserreinigung mit Membrantechnologie - Die Kläranlage Schramberg-Waldmössingen. Dienstbesprechung kommunales Abwasser
und Gewässerschutz des Umweltministeriums BadenWürttemberg, 11. Juli 2006, Pfedelbach
Krampe, J., Waizenegger, K.: Membran-Scheibentauchkörper für den dezentralen Einsatz. 9. VDMA-Wasserund Abwassertagung, 30. November 2006, Frankfurt
Krampe, J., Weidelener, A.: Umgang mit Fremdwasserproblemen - Erfahrungen in Baden-Württemberg,
Auswirkungen auf Kanal, Kläranlage und Gewässer.
DWA Fortbildungsveranstaltung „Umgang mit Fremdwasserproblemen“, 14. Juni 2007, Freudenstadt
Krampe, J., Weidelener, A.: Phosphorrückgewinnung
auf Kläranlagen. Dienstbesprechung kommunales Abwasser und Gewässerschutz des Umweltministeriums
Baden-Württemberg, 20. Juni 2007, Rastatt
Menzel, U.: Wirtschaftlich und ökologisch verantwortlicher Umgang mit Wasser in der Textilindustrie. Vortrag bei der Veranstaltung „effiziente Wassernutzung
in der Industrie im Rahmen des KFW-Programms „Industrial pollution abatement project (IPAP)“ in Kooperation mit der türkischen Entwicklungsbank TSKB,
02.05.2006, Istanbul, Türkei
Menzel, U.: Produktionsintegrierter Umweltschutz in
der Industrie. Vortrag im Rahmen des KFW-Programms
„Industrial pollution abatement project (IPAP) in Kooperation mit der türkischen Entwicklungsbank TSKB,
03.05.2006, Adana, Türkei
Menzel, U.: Weitergehende Textilabwasserreinigung
am Beispiel des AFF-Verfahrens der Kläranlage Albstadt. Vortrag im großen Sitzungssaal der Stadt Albstadt im Rahmen des Programms „Projekt- und Umweltmanagement, Umwelttechnik anlässlich eines
Studienaufenthaltes von Umweltexperten aus Brasilien. Veranstalter: Wirtschaftsministerium BW, Landestiftung BW und Entwicklungs GmbH (Inwent),
17.05.2006, Albstadt
Krampe, J., Pressinotti, F.: Evaluation of Wastewater
Treatment in Trickling Filters under High Temperatures.
H2O Vietnam 2007 – Networking the Water Industries,
19. Oktober 2007, Ho Chi Minh City
Menzel, U.: Vorstellung und Einführung des neuen
Umweltschutz - Masterstudienganges: Meio ambiente
urbano e industrial (MAUI) an der Universidade Federal do Paraná“. Vortrag im Rahmen des 1. offiziellen
EDUBRAS - Treffens am Nationalen Umwelttechnologiezentrum SENAI im Rahmen des DAAD Projektes:
„Studienangebote deutscher Hochschulen im Ausland.“, 26.09.2006, Curitiba / Brasilien
Krampe, J., Pressinotti, F.: Tropfkörper bei höheren Abwassertemperaturen. 3. DWA Workshop „Betriebserfahrungen von Tropfkörperanlagen“, 15. November
2007, Markgröningen
Menzel, U.: Leachate Treatment, Vortrag im Rahmen
des „International Workshop on Waste- and Leachate
-Treatment Technologies“ bei der Fa. Faber GmbH,
04.12.2006, Alzey
Lumpp, K., Rott, U.: In-situ-Arsenelimination aus
Grundwässern - Beispiel West-Bengalen. Stuttgarter Berichte zur Siedlungswasserwirtschaft, Bd. 185,
2/2006
Menzel, U.: Lançamento do Programa de Mestrado
Profissional – EDUBRAS. Eröffnungsvortrag zur Einführung des Masterstudiengangs „kommunaler und
industrieller Umweltschutz - EDUBRAS“ an der Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR) im Rahmen der
Eröffnungsveranstaltung im Vortragssaal der Universidade da Indústria (UNINDUS), 14.03.2007, Curitiba,
Brasilien
Lumpp, K.: Untersuchungen zum Einsatz der In-situAufbereitung zur Arsenelimination in West-Bengalen /
Indien. Poster, 39. Essener Tagung für Wasser- und
Abfallwirtschaft, Essen, 29. - 31.03.2006
Lumpp, K., et al.: In-situ treatment of arsenic contaminated groundwater in West Bengal / India. Poster, As 2006, Natural Arsenic in Groundwaters of Latin
America, Mexico City, 20. – 23.06.2006
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Menzel, U., Neuffer, D.: Einführung von deutschen umweltschutztechnischen Studiengängen an Hochschulen
in Brasilien - EDUBRAS“, Zwischenbericht 2006 des
Modellprojektes „Studienangebote deutscher Hochschulen im Ausland des Deutschen Akademischen Austauschdienstes - DAAD, 25.04.2007, Stuttgart
Menzel, U.: Stuttgart teaches „Environmental Technologies (EDUBRAS)“ in Brazil. Artikel erschienen im StudyGuide Baden-Württemberg, URL: http://www.studyguide-bw.com/events/1797/. 09.07.2007, Stuttgart
Menzel, U., Metzger, J.W.: Implementation of German
environmental engineering Master of Science programmes at universities in Brazil under German supervision and at German standards – EDUBRAS. Vortrag
im Rahmen des 3. Deutsch-Brasilianischen-Symposiums - Nachhaltige Entwicklung, an der Universität
Freiburg, 23.07.2007, Freiburg
Menzel, U.: UFPR lança mestrado em Meio Ambiente em parceria com Stuttgart. Artikel erschienen in
„Deutsche Welle“, URL: http://www.dw-world.de/dw/
article/0,2144,2706092,00.html, 25.07.2007, Bonn
Menzel, U.: In Brasilien lässt sich noch viel erreichen. Artikel erschienen in der Stuttgarter Zeitung Nr.
213/2007, 14.09.2007, Stuttgart
Menzel, U.: Umwelttechnologien für Megastädte. Artikel erschienen in Baukalender Informations-Fachportal, URL: http://www.baukalender.de/nachrichten_detail2.php?nr=519, 15.9.2007, Stuttgart
Menzel, U.: Processos de tratamento de água e efluentes avançados. Pós Graduação em Gerenciamento
de Águas e Efluentes. Vortrag an der FACULDADE DE
TECNOLOGIA SENAI BLUMENAU. 14 e 15 de Setembro
e 28 e 29 de Outubro 2007, Blumenau, Brasilien
Menzel, U.: Innovation through the transfer of technology and knowledge between Germany and Brazil.
German Environmental Technology Master Course at
UFPR and SENAI-PR (EDUBRAS). Symposium of Cooperation Projects in the area of Innovation, Research
and Development, German-Brazilian Innovation Forum, Vortrag im Rahmen der Deutsch–Brasilianischen
Wirtschaftstage, 20.11.2007, Blumenau /Brasilien
Menzel, U.: Umwelttechnologien für Megastädte“, Artikel im Stuttgarter unikurier Ausgabe Nr. 100,Dezember 2007, S 88-89, Stuttgart
Meyer, C., Rott U., Schmidt, S., Minke, R.: A novel and
cost-effective approach on preventive water pollution control. Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Environmental Science and Technology,
Houston, Texas, August 6-9, 2007
Meyer, C., Rott U.: Simultaneous Drinking Water Winning and Treatment by In-Situ Bioreactors, Proceedings
of the 3rd International Conference on Environmental
Science and Technology, Houston, Texas, August 6-9,
2007
Meyer, C.: Die gesplittete Abwassergebühr in der Praxis (Vortrag), Kronimus AG, Rastatt, Hotel Holiday Inn
Garden Court, 08.11.2007
Meyer, C.: Die gesplittete Abwassergebühr in der Praxis (Vortrag), Kronimus AG, Baden-Baden, Holland
Hotel Sophienpark, 08.11.2007
Minke, R.: Wassergefährdende Stoffe. Vortrag im Rahmen des DWA-Grundkurs „Der Gewässerschutzbeauftragte“, 10.05.2006, Stuttgart
Minke, R.: Technische und organisatorische Maßnahmen im anlagenbezogenen betrieblichen Gewässerschutz. Vortrag im Rahmen des DWA-Grundkurs „Der
Gewässerschutzbeauftragte“, 10.05.2006, Stuttgart
Minke, R., Rott, U., Weireter, K.: Planung und Umsetzung eines innovativen Abwasserkonzepts bei der
Firma Ploucquet Textiles Zittau. In: Preprints des Colloquium produktionsintegrierte Wasser-/Abwassertechnik „Innovative Wasseraufbereitung industrieller
Abwässer“ vom 13.-14. September 2006, Bremen, S.
D13 – D23
Minke, R., Rott, U.: Planning and Application of an Innovative Wastewater Concept in a Textile Processing
Company. In: Proceedings of the 7th International
Symposium on Waste Management Problems in AgroIndustries, 27-29 September 2006, Amsterdam, p.
213 – 220
Minke, R.: Wassergefährdende Stoffe: Technische und
organisatorische Maßnahmen im anlagenbezogenen
betrieblichen Gewässerschutz. Vortrag im Rahmen des
DWA-Aufbaukurs „Der Gewässerschutzbeauftragte“,
22.11.2006, Stuttgart
Minke, R.: Indirekteinleiter: Anforderungen an das
Einleiten von Abwasser aus Industriebetrieben mit
Fallbeispielen. Vortrag im Rahmen des DWA-Aufbaukurs „Der Gewässerschutzbeauftragte“, 23.11.2006,
Stuttgart
17
Minke, R.: Farbe in der Fehla –Untersuchung der Ursachen und Erarbeitung von Lösungsansätzen. Vortrag
im Rahmen der „Dienstbesprechung Industrieabwasser und Umgang mit wassergefährdenden Stoffen“ des
Regierungspräsidiums Tübingen, 10.05.2007, Landratsamt Bodenseekreis Friedrichshafen
Minke, R., Rott, U., Schmidt, S., Meyer, C.: A novel
and cost-effective approach on Preventive Water Pollution Control. In: Proceedings of the 3rd International
Conference on Environmental Science and Technology,
6.-9. August 2007, Houston, Texas
Minke, R., Rott, U.: Application of a novel Concept of
Wastewater Pre-Treatment in Textile Finishing Industry.
In: Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on
Environmental Science and Technology, 6.-9. August
2007, Houston, Texas
Minke, R., Rott, U.: An innovative Wastewater Concept
including Anaerobic Fixed Bed Technology for a Textile Processing Company. In: Proceedings of the 11th
World Congress on Anaerobic Digestion “Bio-Energy
for our Future”, 23.-27. September 2007, Brisbane,
Australien
Minke, R., Rott, U.: Optimierung der anaeroben Vorbehandlungsstufe für die Teilschrittabwässer der Firma
Ploucquet Textiles Zittau. In: Tagungshandbuch der
DECHEMA/DWA Industrietage Wassertechnik vom 13.14. November 2007, Frankfurt, S. 3
Pressinotti, F.: Einsatz des Tropfkörperverfahrens unter verschiedenen länderspezifischen Einflussfaktoren.
Vortrag auf dem kleinen Institutstreffen, 14./15. Februar 2006, Stuttgart
Workshop im Rahmen des BMBF-Verbundprojektes
„Exportorientierte FuE auf dem Gebiet der Wasserverund -entsorgung“, Teil II: „Abwasserbehandlung und
Wasserwiederverwendung“, 5./6. Mai 2006, Darmstadt
Pressinotti, F., Krampe, J.: Avaliação de um filtro percolador alemão para tratamento de esgoto doméstico
em escala piloto sob temperaturas tropicais. I Simpósio Nornestino de Saneamento Ambiental da ABES,
22.-24. November 2006, João Pessoa, Brasilien
18
Vortrag auf dem DWA 3. Internationalen Forum (CoReferent von Prof. Dr.-Ing. Orth), 27. – 28. Februar
2007, Braunschweig
Pressinotti, F.: Verschiedene Aspekte eines Tropfkörpers unter tropischen Temperaturen. Vortrag auf dem
„Kleinen Institutstreffen“, 5. – 6. März 2007, Dresden
Pressinotti, F.: Untersuchungen zur Abwasserreinigung
im Tropfkörper bei hohen Temperaturen. Vortrag und
Diskussion vor dem Fachausschuss DWA KA 6.3, 24.
April 2007, Frankfurt
Rott, U., Lumpp, K.: In-situ-Arsenelimination aus
Grundwässern - Beispiel West-Bengalen. Stuttgarter Berichte zur Siedlungswasserwirtschaft, Bd. 185,
2/2006
Rott, U., et al.: Elimination hormonell wirksamer Substanzen und Arzneimittel aus dem Abwasser. 39. Essener Tagung für Wasser- und Abfallwirtschaft, Essen,
29.03.2006
Rott, U., et al.: In-situ treatment of arsenic contaminated groundwater in West Bengal / India. Poster, As
2006, Natural Arsenic in Groundwaters of Latin America, Mexico City, 20. – 23.06.2006
Rott, U., et al.: Arsenic Removal from Groundwater in
West Bengal / India by Means of In-situ Treatment.
Poster, European Groundwater Conference, Vienna,
22-23 June 2006
Rott, U., et al.: Groundwater Use in Irrigation in the
Mature Delta of West Bengal. Poster, European Groundwater Conference, Vienna, 22-23 June 2006
Rott, U., Kauffmann, H.: In-Situ Groundwater Treatment. Europ. Comm. TIPOT-Project Symposium, Kolkata, 15.- 17.01.2007
Rott, U., Kauffmann, H.: In-Situ Groundwater Treatment. Europ. Comm. TIPOT-Project Symposium, Jamshedpur, 19.01.2007
Rott, U., Minke, R.: Application of a novel concept of
wastewater pre-treatment in Textile Finishing Industry.
Int. Conf. Env. Sc. and Techn., Houston, Texas, USA,
06.- 09.08.2007
Rott, U., et al.: A novel and cost-effective approach on
preventive water pollution control. Int. Conf. Env. Sc.
and Techn., Houston, Texas, USA, 06.- 09.08.2007
Rott, U., Meyer, C.: Simultaneous Drinking Water
Winning and Treatment by In-situ Bioreactors. Int.
Conf. Env. Sc. and Techn., Houston, Texas, USA,
06.08.2007
Rott, U., Minke, R.: Optimierung der anaeroben Vorbehandlungsstufe für Teilschrittabwässer der Textilveredelung. Dechema Industrietage Wassertechnik, Frankfurt, 14.- 14.11.2007
Schmidt, S., Rott U., Meyer C., Minke R.: „A novel and
cost-effective approach on preventive water pollution
control“ (Poster) the 3rd International Conference on
Environmental Science and Technology, Houston, Texas, August 6-9, 2007
Steinmetz*, H., Hansen, J., Knerr, H., Engelhart, M.,
Sagawe, G., Krystkiewicz, D.: Schließung von Wasserund Stoffkreisläufen - BMBF - Verbundprojekt KOMPLETT. Tagungsband 25 „siwawi 2030- Themen und
Lösungsansätze für die nächsten 25 Jahre“, FG Siedlungswasserwirtschaft, TU Kaiserslautern, S.195-210
Steinmetz, H., Ebert, A.: Intelligente Visualisierung zur
Erhöhung der Prozesstransparenz von Abwasserreinigungsanlagen. Tagungsband 25 „siwawi 2030-Themen
und Lösungsansätze für die nächsten 25 Jahre“, FG
Siedlungswasserwirtschaft, TU Kaiserslautern, S.177194
Steinmetz, H.: Potential und Bedarf zur Optimierung
von Belebungsanlagen. Stuttgarter Berichte zur Siedlungswasserwirtschaft, Band 186, „Betriebsoptimierung von Belebungsanlagen“ S.19-46
Steinmetz*, H., Wiese, J.; Stahl, A.: Application of
Cases-Based Reasoning to predict sludge settling and
endogenous denitrification. Congress Proceedings 5th
World Water Congress, Peking, Paper Ref. No.594270
Steinmetz, H., Wiese, H.: Instrumentation, control and
Automation for full-scale Sequencing Batch Reactor
Plants. Water Practice & Technology, Vol.1 No.4, 2006
Steinmetz*, H., Wiese, J.; Simon, J.: A process-dependent real-time controller for sequencing batch reactor
plants- Results of full scale opereration. Water Science
and Technology, Vol.53, No. 4-5, S. 153-160, 2006
Steinmetz*, H., Einsfeld, K., Ebert, A., Wölle, J.: Multiple Dynamic Perspectives to Industrial Processes
ISBN: 0-88986-598-1 (2006)
Steinmetz*, H., Hansen, J., Schmitt, T.G.: Notwendigkeit und Konzepte für eine nachhaltige Abwasserentsorgung. Zukunftsweisende Abwasserentsorgung - Fachtagung der Standtentwässerung Kaiserslautern in
Zusammenarbeit mit dem Landesverband Hessen/
Rheinland-Pfalz/Saarland der DWA am 7./8. September 2006, Kaiserslautern
Steinmetz, H.: Optimierungspotenziale auf Kläranlagen. 21. Karlsruher Flockungstage, Schriftenreihe
SWW - Band 127 „Die optimierte Kläranlage Vision
oder Realität?“ S. 1-10, 2007
Steinmetz*, H., Wölle, J., Hansen, J., Einsfeld, K.,
Ebert, A.: An Intelligent Visualization and Decision
Support System for Decentralized Wastewater Treatment Plants. Water Science and Technology Vol. 56
No. 5 pp.183-191, 2007
Steinmetz, H.: Ansätze für energieoptimierte Kläranlagen. Stuttgarter Berichte zur Siedlungswasserwirtschaft, Band 191, „Innovative Energiekonzepte für
Kläranlagen“ S.5-24, 2007
Steinmetz, H.: Entwicklung und Perspektiven der
kommunalen Abwasserentsorgung in Deutschland und
weltweit. Wasser und Abfall 5, S. 10-13, 2007
Steinmetz*, H., Wölle, J., Hansen, J., Einsfeld, K.,
Ebert, A.: An Intelligent Visualization and Decision
Support System for Decentralized Wastewater Treatment Plants. Advanced Sanitation Eurogress, 12./13.
März 2007, Aachen, ISSN 0342-6068
Steinmetz*, H., Knerr, H., Wölle, J., Hansen, J., Sagawe, G., Engelhart, M., Krystkiewicz, D.: Development,
combination and implementation of innovative components of process engineering, information technology
and sanitary equipment to a sustainable key technology for closed loop - Project ‚KOMPLETT‘
Advanced Sanitation Eurogress, 12./13. März 2007,
Aachen, ISSN 0342-6068
* Order of authors changed to facilitate tracking
19
Steinmetz*, H., Knerr, H., Hansen, J., Sagawe, G., Engelhart, M., Krystkiewicz, D.: Development, combination and implementation of innovative components of
process engineering, information technology and sanitary equipment to a sustainable key technology for
closed loop - Project ‚KOMPLETT‘. Proceedings of the
3th ZERO-M International Conference on Sustainable
Water Management, 21.-24. March 2007, Tunis, Tunisia ISBN: 978-3-901425-12-7
Steinmetz, H.: Energieeinsparpotenziale auf der Kläranlage. 36. kommunaler Erfahrungsaustausch der des
DWA- Landesverbandes BW, 09.05.2007, Abtsgmünd
Steinmetz, H.: Energieeinsparpotenziale auf der Kläranlage. 36. kommunaler Erfahrungsaustausch der des
DWA- Landesverbandes BW, 23.05.2007, Kehl
Steinmetz, H.: Anforderungen an die kommunale
Abwasserentsorgung in Deutschland und weltweit.
Münchner Kolloquium Wassergüte und Abfallwirtschaft
am 18.07.2007, München
Steinmetz, H., Menzel, U.: Historische Entwicklung
biologischer Abwasserbehandlungsverfahren in kommunaler und industrieller Anwendung. 1. Stuttgarter
Wassersymposium, 13.09.2007, Stuttgart
Steinmetz, H.: Entwicklungsstand und Perspektiven
der kommunalen Abwasserentsorgung. Forum kommunale Abwasserentsorgung für morgen am 04.10.2007,
Frankfurt
Steinmetz*, H., Knerr, H.; Hansen, J., Engelhart, M.,
Wölle, J.: Black water of different origin - characterization and biological treatment. 6th Conference on
Wastewater Reclamation and Reuse for Sustainability,
09.-12. October 2007, Antwerp, Belgium.
Steinmetz*, H., Wölle, J., Schmitt, T. G.: An Intelligent
Visualization and Decision Support System for decentralized Wastewater Treatment Plants. 6th Conference
on Wastewater Reclamation and Reuse for Sustainability, 09-12 October 2007, Antwerp, Belgium
20
Steinmetz*, H., Knerr, H., Hansen, J., Engelhart, M.:
The project KOMPLETT - A new approach for closed
loop urban water cycles. 2nd International Conference
SmallWat07 on Wastewater Treatment in Small Communities, 11.-15. November 2007, Seville, Spain.
Weidelener, A., Gutknecht, R., Böhler, A., Krampe, J.,
Rott, U.: Einsatz von nachgeschalteten Membranen
zur Verbesserung der Ablaufqualität bei der Badischen
Staatsbrauerei Rothaus AG. Stuttgarter Berichte zur
Siedlungswasserwirtschaft, Band 186, S. 139-152, Oldenbourg, München, 2006
Weidelener, A.: Fremdwasser-Messungen, Auswirkungen, Sanierung Fachseminar Laboranalytik und
Prozess-Messtechnik, 12. Juli 2006, Ingolstadt, Hach
Lange GmbH, Düsseldorf, 2006
Weidelener, A., Krampe, J., Rott, U.
Strategien zum Umgang mit dem Fremdwasser
7. Kölner Kanal Kolloquium, 6./7. September 2006,
Köln, Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Siedlungswasserwirtschaft an der RWTH Aachen e.V., Aachen
Weidelener, A., Maier, W., Krampe, J.: Phosphorrückgewinnung als Magnesium-Ammonium-Phosphat (MAP)
mittels saurer Rücklösung aus Faulschlämmen. GWF
Wasser/Abwasser 148 (2007) Nr. 4, S. 269-272
Weidelener, A., Antakyali, D., Krampe, J.: Tendencies
and Overview on the Nutrient Recovery from Sewage
Sludge in Germany. IWA Spezialist Conference „Facing
Sludge Diversities: Challenges, Risks and Opportunities“, Belek-Antalya, Turkey, 28-30 March 2007
Weidelener, A., Maier, W., Krampe, J.: Recovery of
Phosphorus from Sewage Sludge. WEFTEC ´07, 13.17. October 2007, San Diego, CA, USA
Contact
Tel.: ++49 (0)711/685-63711
Fax: ++49 (0)711/685-63729
E-Mail: [email protected]
Tel.: ++49 (0)711/685-63723
Fax: ++49 (0)711/685-63729
Secretary´s office
Gabriele Glaßmann
Tel.: ++49 (0)711/685-63711
Fax: ++49 (0)711/685-63729
Dipl.-Ing. Ralf Minke, Akad. Oberrat
Tel.: ++49 (0)711/685-65423
Fax: ++49 (0)711/685-63729
Dr.-Ing. Uwe Menzel, Akad. Direktor
Tel.: ++49 (0)711/685-65417
Fax: ++49 (0)711/685-63729
Dr.-Ing. Jörg Krampe, Akad. Oberrat
Telefon: ++49 (0)711 / 685 - 65420
Telefax: ++49 (0)711 / 685 - 67637
21
Research topics:
• Water collection and water treat
ment
• Removal of iron, manganese and
arsenic by subterranian groundwater treatment
• In-situ bioreactors for decentralized groundwater treatment and
supply
• Ecosystem research of rivers
and groundwater
• Stormwater run-off management, rainwater harvesting and
water conservation
• Protection of drinking water
resources
• Investigation of anaerobic
treatability of wastewaterand
concentrates
• Water quality management
and its interaction with indirect
dischargers and operation of the
wastewater treatment plant
With us, effluent is just water under the bridge
Our field of work consists of all aspects of extraction and provision of water from surface and groundwater sources. Most notably, this involves subterranian groundwater treatment, and all questions relating to the transport,
storage and distribution of water. The technical, economical and hygienic aspects play the primary role in this.
In the field of water supply, we deal with the problems shown in the margin, whereby the technology of groundwater treatment is increasingly applied to contaminated site remediation. For the treatment of water for industrial
use, we employ membranes, oxidation, UV disinfection and anaerobic biological processes. The transport and
distribution of drinking water, and the associated hygienic problems, are also subjects of our investigations.
We have also listed the focal points of our work in water quality management. Generally, this involves anthropogenic influences on water quality and the protection of drinking water resources. One important example of our
research is the investigation of the interaction between wastewater pretreatment in industry and the operation of
municipal wastewater treatment plants, and their influence on water quality. The final aim is the optimum disposal
of sewage from both a business management and an economical point of view. The development, optimization
and implementation of sustainable, cost effective and ecologically sensible water treatment technologies on the
one hand and technologically advanced procedures on the other, remains a central task in view of the global drinking water supply crisis. One of the main research areas for the future will therefore be the analysis and defeat of
transfer and implementation restraints. In addition, it is also necessary, due to the limited global water resources,
to increase research in the fields of water resource control and management in terms of safeguarding drinking
water supplies.
22
Water Quality Management and Water Supply WGW
Projects
Development of a low cost technology for in-situ
treatment of groundwater for potable and irrigation purposes
In many regions of the world arsenic contaminated
water represents a huge problem for the health and
the environment. One of those affected regions is for
example eastern India (West Bengal). In the course
of the project “Development of a low cost technology
for in-situ treatment of groundwater for potable and
irrigation purposes” several activities concerning this
topic took place.
In order to remove arsenic from groundwater and to
improve groundwater quality a low cost technology
for in-situ (subterranean) treatment of groundwater
was established in eastern India and a field trial was
carried out in order to investigate the practical implementation of this technology on location. Beside the
establishment of a low cost technology for subterranean removal of arsenic amongst others workings concerning the improvement of agriculture and farming
practices to reduce arsenic contamination in the food
chain and public relations were conducted.
Financing institution:
European Union (EU)
Project partner:
1. Queen’s University Belfast - School of Chemical
Engineering and Queen‘s University Environmental Science and Technology Research Centre
(Questor Centre), Großbritannien
2. University of Stuttgart, Germany
3. Miguel Hernandez University, Spain
4. Leiden University, Netherlands
5. National Metallurgical Laboratory, Indien
6. Institute of Environmental Management and Studies, Indien
Storage tank for the aerated water to be reintroduced
Contact:
Prof. Dr.-Ing. U. Rott
Dipl.-Ing. Ralf Minke, AOR
Dipl.-Ing. H. Kauffmann
Co-funded by the European Union under:
Outer view of the well
“Asia Pro Eco Programme - a programme dedicated to promote
sustainable solutions to environmental problems in Asia”.
„The contents of this publication is the sole responsibility of
ISWA - WGW and can in no way be taken to reflect the views of
the European Union“.
23
Subterranean Arsenic Removal: From Experiment to Delivery
Together with the Indian applicant organisation Ramakrishna Vivekananda Mission – Institute of Advanced
studies (RKVM-IAS) the Institute for Sanitary Engineering, Water Quality and Solid Waste Management
(ISWA) of the University of Stuttgart is implementing
the project “Subterranean Arsenic Removal: From Experiment to Delivery”. The objective of this project is
to reduce in an affordable and sustainable manner the
health consequences of arsenic contaminated water
in rural communities of West Bengal, India by in-situ
treatment of groundwater. Within the project six insitu treatment plants shall be established. The in-situ
treatment plants shall be manufactured and distributed/serviced by local entrepreneurs. Further on they
shall be managed by self-sustained community groups
with the support of classroom and hands-on training.
Development of strategies for water circuit closure for selected industries with split flow concept
Most industries used to treat or pre-treat the cumulative waste waters of a factory, targeting in some cases
for a partial recycling. Some factories collect waste
waters according to their origin and treat these waste
waters independently. Nonetheless, often waste waters are thereby blended from individual sources, differing greatly in quantity and quality.
These blend waste waters are often difficult to be purified, since the waste water constituents may vary
greatly. The treatment steps needed for a purification
of such waste waters will become complex and demanding, mastering all eventualities. Thus, a recycling of waste waters is not considered for economical
reasons.
Paper industry
World Bank under Development Marketplace 2006
Project partner:
1. Queen’s University Belfast - School of Chemical
Engineering and Queen‘s University Environmental Science and Technology Research Centre
(Questor Centre), Großbritannien
2. University of Stuttgart, Germany
3. Ramakrishna Vivekananda Mission – Institute of
Advanced studies (RKVM-IAS)
Contact:
Dipl.-Ing. H. Kauffmann
Main focus was given to the application of membrane processes, mainly ultrafiltration and nanofiltration.
Ultrafiltration is much less costly than nanofiltration,
but only with nanofiltration and reverse osmosis solute
salts can be removed. Therewith, an effective sink is
created for the removal of salts, accumulating in the
circuits otherwise. Thus, with nanofiltration or reverse
osmosis applied, water circuits can be concentrated or
even closed, without deteriorating product quality.
Research is conducted both with waste waters from
paper mills producing white paper and mills producing
brown paper.
The corresponding water circuits differ significantly in
respect to organic and inorganic waste water constituents. The COD-levels in the water circuits for instance
are usually more than 10 times higher in mills producing brown paper as they are in mills producing white
paper. The same applies to the concentration of soluble salts, expressed in terms of conductivity, with a
factor of at least 5.
Besides the research on finding suitable membranes
and membrane combinations, focus is also given on
where to apply membrane processes. Biologically treated water is usually easier to treat with membranes,
yet resulting in large amounts of concentrates to be
disposed. A membrane step close to the production,
i.e. the direct filtration of waste waters from the water
circuits, can result in a more cost-effective configuration of subsequent biological treatment steps for the
resulting concentrates, since smaller streams with higher concentration levels can be applied to for example
24
anaerobic treatment. Thus, waste waters form different places of origin are considered in the research
project.
Milk industry
For the milk industry, waste waters from different
cleaning steps were treated with different membranes. The concentration of constituents in these rinsing
waters varies greatly over flushing time. With a separate collection of variable contaminated parts of these
flushing waters into streams that either can be reused
without treatment, can be fed to membranes directly
or need a more complex treatment scheme, including
e.g. biological reactors in combination with membranes, the necessary treatment schemes can be applied
most cost-effective and purposeful.
Apart from this research close to the production processes, experiments were conducted with the effluent
of the waster water treatment plant of a milk processing company, whether there are opportunities to recycle the effluent as boiler feed water with reverse osmosis. The quality requirements for boiler feed water
are demanding, an almost complete removal of inorganic and organic constituents is required.
Willy-Hager-Stiftung
Contact:
Dipl.-Ing. A. Neft
Dipl.-Ing. C. Meyer
Membrane pilot-plant to treat wastewater from milk processing by ultrafiltration and nanofiltration
25
A novel and cost-effective approach on preventive water pollution control
An improvement of water pollution control in the municipal waste water practice is either achieved long term
by process integrated in-plant measures in order to
reduce the waste water quantity respectively improve
the waste water quality or near-term by cost-intensive advanced treatment (end-of-pipe). The generally
fluctuating water quality and quantity results in extremely varying dirt load peaks the treatment plant has
to cope with, i.e. the waste water treatment plants
rarely work in their optimal range. Temporarily either
the compulsory limit values are exceeded resulting in
potential water pollution or the waste water treatment
plants capacity is not efficiently used. A solution to
this problem can be integrated approach to the entire
waste water system. Often free storage or treatment
capacity is not detected or used.
The objective of a case study of the University of
Stuttgart, Institute of Sanitary Engineering, Water
Quality and Solid Waste Management, is to achieve
a preventive water pollution control by setting up a
sophisticated interaction of industrial indirect dischargers, municipal waste water treatment plant, sewage
network and storm water treatment. The main idea
is to establish a load controlled concept based both
on online measurement and data from an integrated
dynamic simulation model embracing the complete sewage system. A major task of the project is to design
this simulation model.
The sewage system consisting of a trickling filter treatment plant (ca. 130.000 PT), the sewage draining system, i.e. sewage transport network and storm water
treatment facilities, is fed with municipal and industrial
waste water (the latter mainly indirectly discharged by
a paper mill). To meet the challenges of project the
following steps have to be accomplished:
• collection and analysis of data and samples from
the waste water treatment plant, especially evaluation of the operational journals and the continuous online-measurement data of the biological
treatment stage (trickling filter)
• collection of meteorological data
• set-up of the online measurement (e.g. COD,
NH4+, NO3-)
• extensive collection and analysis of data and samples from the indirect discharger (paper mill), e.g.
basic waste water flows and waste water quality
dependent on various conditions like paper grade
or internal process impacts)
Scheme of optimised cooperation of indirect discharger, sewage network and waste water treatment plant
26
• analysis of the existing sewage network, e.g. surveying hydraulic conditions of the sewers and respective facilities
• calculation of relevant sewage network flow times,
utilisation ratios of sewers, hydrostatic water levels and flows under dry weather and storm weather conditions
• design, calibration and verification of an integrated dynamic simulation model
• installation of structural measures concerning the
control facilities of the storm water treatment, the
indirect discharger and the sewage network
• application of the simulation model and coupling
with the online measurement and control facilities
With the help of these measures the municipal waste
water treament plant is likely to continuous operation
in optimal range. The risk of concentration and dirt
load peaks polluting receiving waters is avoided or minimised. By a sophisticated discharge control of the
industrial waste water point sources and the control
of the sewage system facilities based on the conti-
nuous model and online measurement information on
the free storage capacity of the sewage network and
storm water treatment facilities in dependence on the
present hydraulic situation (dry weather flow, storm
weather flow) as well as on the current state of the
municipal waste water treatment plant, an optimal
quantitative and qualitative (head parameter = chemical oxygen demand [COD]) feed to the treatment
plant is achieved. Thus, long-term an improvement of
the water quality without the necessity of expensive
new investments in advanced treatment stages can be
expected.
Ministry for the environment Baden-Württemberg
Project partner:
University of Stuttgart, Germany
City of Heidenheim
Voith Paper Technology Center (Heidenheim)
Contact:
Dipl.-Ing. C. Meyer
Dipl.-Ing. S. Schmidt
Diploma- and Master Thesis
Untersuchungen zur Aufbereitung gering belasteter Spülwässer aus der Joghurt- und Dessertherstellung mit Hilfe von Membranverfahren
Fanch Corfmat (Umweltschutztechnik) (2006)
Supervisor: Dipl.-Ing. K. Lumpp; Dipl.-Ing. R. Minke,
AOR; Prof. Dr.-Ing. U. Rott
Untersuchungen zum Einsatz der Ultrafiltration
bei der Aufbereitung von Flusswasser aus dem
Neckar
Hongtao He (Umweltschutztechnik) (2006)
Supervisor: Dipl.-Ing. R. Minke, AOR;
Untersuchungen zum Einsatz eines anaeroben
Festbettreaktors zur Vorbehandlung von Teilschrittabwässern
eines
Textilveredlungsbetriebes
Matthias Künstel (Umweltschutztechnik) (2006)
Wasserverlustüberwachung mit neuer Sensortechnik
Ana Patricia Garzón Fuentes (WAREM) (2006)
Verfahrenstechnische Optimierung einer Wasseraufbereitungsanlage zur Enteisenung und
Entsäuerung eines stark reduzierten Grundwassers
Burkhard Obenauer (Weiterbildendes Studium Wasser
und Umwelt, Universität Weimar) (2006)
Present Difficulties of Monitoring the Millenium
Development Goals for Access to Water Supply
and Sanitation and Ideas for Improvement –discussed on the example of the African RegionChristine Laures (WAREM) (2007)
27
Entwicklung eines einfachen Verfahrens zur
Grauwasseraufbereitung
Selective Transfer of Network Monitoring Utilities into the Water Supply Systems in Lebanon
Matthias Sattler (Umweltschutztechnik) (2007)
Maguy Sadek (WAREM) (2007)
Evaluation of Flux Decline in Nanofiltration of
Paper mills Effluents
Benchmarking of Urban Water Utilities Using the
IWA-Performance Indicator System: Case Study
NWSC, Uganda.
Fedy Gusti Kostiano (WAREM) (2007)
Supervisor: Dipl.-Ing. A. Neft;
Benchmarking of Selected Yemeni Water Utilities
Christine Laures (WAREM) (2007)
Supervisor: Dipl.-Ing. A. Neft; Prof. Dr.-Ing. U. Rott
Dissolved oxygen prediction in aerating runners
Johannes Etter (Umweltschutztechnik) (2007)
Dipl.-Ing. A. Neft; Prof. Dr.-Ing. U. Rott
Untersuchungen zur Optimierung einer Entfärbungsstufe für Abwässer aus der Textilveredelungsindustrie am Beispiel der Kläranlage Burladingen
Christof Zinßer (Umweltschutztechnik) (2007)
28
Lutaaya Mahmood Hakimu (INFRASTRUCTURE PLANNING) (2007)
Optimierung einer anaerob-biologischen Behandlungsstufe für Textilveredlungsabwässer
Christine Dobslaw (Umweltschutztechnik) (2007)
Contact
Dipl.-Ing. Christof Zinßer
Tel.: ++49 (0)711/685-65423
Fax: ++49 (0)711/685-63729
Tel.: ++49 (0)711/685-60497
Fax: ++49 (0)711/685-63729
Secretary´s office
Laboratory
Gabriele Glaßmann
Tel.: ++49 (0)711/685-63711
Fax: ++49 (0)711/685-63729
CTA Ellen Raith-Bausch
Tel.: ++49 (0)711/685-65400
Fax: ++49 (0)711/685-63729
Research Assistants
Dipl.-Ing. Christine Dobslaw
Tel.: ++49 (0)711/685-65849
Fax: ++49 (0)711/685-63729
M. Sc. Kenan Güney
Tel.: ++49 (0)711/685-65425
Fax: ++49 (0)711/685-63729
Dipl.-Ing. Holger Kauffmann
Tel.: ++49 (0)711/685-65849
Fax: ++49 (0)711/685-63729
Dipl.-Ing. Carsten Meyer
Tel.: ++49 (0)711/685-63754
Fax: ++49 (0)711/685-63729
Dipl.-Ing. Andreas Neft
Tel.: ++49 (0)711/685-65425
Fax: ++49 (0)711/685-63729
Dipl.-Ing. Sabine Schmidt
Tel.: ++49 (0)711/685-63738
Fax: ++49 (0)711/685-63729
29
Research topics:
• Process and production integrated environmental protection
• Treatment and reuse of process
water e.g. in the automobile industry
• Adsorption processes in industrial water and wastewater technology, e.g. in the textile industry
• Reduction of lipophilic substances
in the food and cosmetics industries
• Biological and chemo-physical
treatment of industrial wastewater
• Aerobic and anaerobic degradation tests
• Testing Centre of the German
Institute for Construction Technology (DIBt)
• International Consulting and export-oriented research for example Middle and South America
It will all come out in the wash
At the department IWT (Industrial Water and Wastewater Technology), we specialize in refining internal plant
processes and aim at integrating environmental protection as well as minimizing the industrial emissions by implementing a water circulation and plant-internal treatment processes.
We plan environmental moderations for customers in the industrial process as well as integrated solutions in
the manufacturing process. The first step we take in order to make a current assessment of the situation at the
plant is an on-site inventory survey. According to the survey we can then localize water consumption, wastewater
amount and dirt load accruement points. In order to determine the dirt loads accumulated during the manufacturing process, partial wastewater flows are sampled and the relevant parameters are then analyzed. After consulting with the respective company, the tap water quality required for the production process can be specified, in
order to minimize fresh water consumption. This can be done by implementing a water circuit consisting of treated wastewater. Production related water consumption and wastewater volumes are then determined by precise
recording of the productions figures. This subsequent changes in the production figures allow precise projections
of the associated parameters. Based on the survey and the formulation of goals a customer-specified procedure
for wastewater treatment can then be agreed upon, which normally leads to further in-depth tests, such as e.g.
determination of biodegradability. Due to our systematic procedures and many years of experience we are able
to represent our customers with new sustainable solution and potentials.
30
Industrial Water and Wastewater Technology IWT
We emphasis mainly in offering our professional advice to clients from the textile finishing industry and paper
industry, gastronomy- and food-industry, the cosmetic and pharmaceutical industry, the chemical as well as the
metal and automobile industry. Alongside plant internal solutions we also create decentral as well as central
solutions by developing extensive purification processes for the treatment of industrial wastewater at communal treatment plant. Therefore a series of aerobic and anaerobic biological degradation tests are carried out in
advance.
Further emphasis of ours is the treatment of leachate of landfills using biological and chemical-physical processes.
For example we are developing adaptable modular processes for the aftercare operations of landfills at reduced
leachate levels and toxic concentrations. Therefore the use of carbon adsorption processes and membrane processes play an essential role in our work. Here at the IWT department we also deal with topics such as water
and waste recycling as well as saving resources. Exemplary is our expert’s assessment of industrial residues as
alternative fuel in the cement industry as well as the sludge incineration in cement plants.
Our department is an official control center of the “Deutsches Institut für Bautechnik (DIBt)” in Berlin which is
responsible for controlling plants for the limitation of hydrocarbons in wastewater including mineral oils.
Our department also offers lectures in the following courses: Civil Engineering, Environmental Engineering, Process Engineering, WAREM (Water Resources Engineering and Management) and WASTE (Air Quality Control, Solid
Waste and Wastewater Process Engineering).
Our department also offers its courses at different universities abroad, e.g. to Brazil and cooperates with Latin
American facilities. Which enables such programs as the cooperation of the Universidade Federal do Parana
(UFPR) and the national environmental protection industry Servico Nacional de Aprendizagen Industrial (SENAI/
PR) in Curitiba/ Brazil to create the new Masters program EDUBRAS-MAUI (communal and industrial environmental protection) under management of the IWT Department and under German standards.
Furthermore our Department offers so called “Summer Schools” in the area of environmental protection in various
Brazilian states.
Projects
An example of economically, flexible and sustainable treatments based on the case of hazardous wastewater from landfill
The treatment of leakage from landfill with active charcoal is state of the art technology.
The goal of this landfill leakage treatment is to reduce the parameter of chemical oxygen demand (COD)
and adsorbable organic halogens (AOX). This goal is
easily achieved by using activated charcoal. For this
procedure it is common to use granulated activated
charcoal.
At the Institute for Sanitary Engineering, Water Quality and Solid Waste Management at the University of
Stuttgart there was a project called ”development of a
process for the separation and reuse of powdered activated charcoal (PAC) in the wastewater treatment”,
which was sponsored by the BMBF. During the course
of this project an extra research topic came up regarding a process that justifies the use of PAC in the landfill leakage treatment according to the variable needs
of the landfill operators.
After a landfill is filled and no new waste is allowed to
be added, it is normally covered up in order to minimize additional rainwater from seeping in and creating
additional leakage. From this point on the amount of
land leakage sinks, but at the same time the structure
of the leakage changes. Due to the low cost and short
usage time it make sense to implement a flexible process that easily adapts itself to the changing amounts
of landfill leakage and to its polluting load.
Since the year 2005 according to the regulations of
TA Siedlungsabfall it is only allowed to deposit waste containing dry organic solids less than 3 mass-%
and 5 mass-%. This fact makes it indispensable having
31
a process that is adaptable to decreased amounts of
landfill leakage and to decreased pollution loads.
After considering the latter aspects it has been proven
that an adsorption process with PAC and then a following treatment of PAC in the sewage treatment plant
is not only an affordable, but also a flexible treatment
procedure during the period that the landfill is shut
down. This method guarantees the necessary cleaning
performance through the adsorption of the pollution
load to the PAC. The treatment loaded PAC at a communal sewage treatment plant makes it possible to
manage without PAC separation and therefore it isn’t
necessary to drain the PAC-sludge, which makes this
procedure extremely interesting from an economical
point of view.
Before beginning the process of loaded PAC in a communal sewage treatment plant with a biological treatment, at ISWA a number of experiments were carried
out on a laboratory scale to ensure that the substance
leading to COD and AOX adsorbed in the PAC do not
dissolve from the loaded PAC. Despite these results
there is still great need for further research in order to
ensure such a process that is risk free for the environment and the operator.
The purpose of this research is to find out what the
results are of initiating the use of loaded PAC from
the landfill leakage treatment in a communal sewage
treatment plant. Simultaneously we are also looking
into the matter of transporting the PAC-suspension to
the sewage treatment plant by means of the communal sewer system, and comparing this with alternative
transport methods such as a truck. The latter described adsorption process without separated the loaded
PAC should be compared with the more conventional
methods of landfill leakage purification by conducting
a cost-effectiveness analysis.
The accumulated knowledge from the research related
to the influence of loaded PAC in a communal sewage treatment plant can prove to be beneficial in many
cases throughout different industrial branches.
Bundesministerium
(BMBF)
The execution and evaluation of the biodegradation test through the respiration index (Sapromat), interpretation of the results and an
expert’s assessment for a plant-internal wastewater-purification-concept policy
The WALA Heilmittel GmbH company is an anthropological philosophy. The company develops, produces and
sells medicine and cosmetic products. The company’s
extensive range of products include about 1.2000 drug
products and 100 natural cosmetic compositions for
the face, hair, body and sun-care products under the
name “Dr. Hauschka Kosmetik”. These products are
exported worldwide in over 30 different countries.
The current wastewater installation consists essentially from a precipitation/flocculation in which wastewater from a container-purification system is treated.
Especially containers containing product residues or
raw waste material are cleaned. It usually contains
creams, plant and mineral raw material.
Due to an expansion of the product-line and the decision to use a new container purification system, the
composition and amount of the wastewater are likely
to in the near future. Due to a considerable increase in
residual material from the production it can therefore
be estimated that there will be an increase of organic
load as well as in the daily wastewater accumulation
at 20-30 m³/d.
Therefore the current wastewater treatment plant
must be modified, and a new environmental-friendly
wastewater concept has to be developed. Therefore
experiments with biological research through the respiration index (Sapromat) are being carried out at the
Institute for Sanitary Engineering, Water Quality and
Solid Waste Management at the University of Stuttgart.
The goal of the latter experiments is to create an environmental-friendly plant-internal purification-concept
that is capable of economically purifying and keeping
to the limit for indirect discharger.
Client:
für
Bildung
und
Forschung
WALA Heilmittel GmbH, Bad Boll/Eckwälden
Project partner:
Project partner:
Wehrle Umwelt GmbH
Abfallwirtschaftsbetrieb Main-Tauber-Kreis (AWMT)
Georgi Wassertechnik GmbH, Riederich
Contact:
Contact:
Dipl.-Ing. Stefan Schölpple
32
Dr. Ing. Uwe Menzel, Akad. Direktor
Aspects and fundamental possibilities of incineration of certain material groups as alternative
fuel in the cement industry with a special consideration from an ecological and a legal point
of view.
The Holcim GmbH in Dotternhausen (southern Germany) is a subsidiary of the worldwide active construction
company Holcim Ltd.. The company’s main fields of
production are: cement, gravel and concrete.
Alongside the cement plant in Dotternhausen, there
are other plants such as the gravel and concrete plant
in Offenburg, Lörrach-Brombach, Weil am Rhein, Haltingen and Grenzach-Wyhlen. These plants produce
different kinds of building material for different purposes.
The integration of new knowledge should be able reduce the impact of the manufacturing-process on the
environment. And thanks to investments in new technology and concepts the company as well as the resources are spared.
In the cement plant Dotternhausen about 470.000 tons
of clinker, 300.000 tons of burned oil-slate 650.000
tons of cement and 200.000 tons of special binding
agent are produced yearly.
Limestone and oil-slate are used as raw material. Oilslate is incinerated and produces most of the plant’s
energy needs.
Besides coal alternative raw materials and fuels are
being used, for example: old tiers, dried sewage
sludge, waste from paper production and plastic.
The goal of this study is to find the most economical
options for the co-incineration of certain groups of materials that also fall under a positive ecological judgment and can be applied by the Holcim GmbH.
Not only is the technical application of great importance to us, but the legality as well as the reflection
of the legislator’s political standpoint from a German
perspective and in a European context as well.
Client:
Holcim (Süddeutschland) GmbH, Dotternhausen
Contact:
Dr.- Ing. Uwe Menzel, Akad. Direktor
Dipl.-Ing. Stefan Schölpple
Consultation in the form of a workshop regarding
the options of biological elimination of carbohydrate from process water from car wash installations as well as the development of an appropriate process which will then be put to an test at
the Alfred Kärcher GmbH & co company.
Waste water from car wash installations contains organic compounds such as carbohydrates which, according to the German law must be reduced by a water
treatment plant to levels under 20 mg/l in order to be
used for the purpose of water recycling or discharge
into the sewer network.
The Alfred Kärcher GmbH have been treating such process water in chemo-physical treatment plants such as
precipitation/flocculation.
On the one hand this reduces the usage of fossil fuels,
for example coal and oil contribute towards sparing
resources and on the other hand reduces the exhaust
of carbon dioxide.
Due to the fact that biological processes are environmentally friendlier than chemical ones, the Alfred
Kärcher GmbH & co. are striving to develop a practical
and affordable biological process which should then be
put to the test under practical conditions.
After an extensive literature research it should be determined what kind of materials are possible to be incinerated along with common fuels used by the cement
industry, and also take the ecological and legal aspects
into consideration.
Part 1: A workshop
Part 2: Consultation during the development and construction of a prototype
Part 3:Practical tests and research in the testing
stage
When compiling the study we are looking for certain
streams of material from industrial processes that contain residues and byproducts that are to certain degree
suitable as alternative fuels for the cement production. Examples of such materials are: oil-emulsions,
from the automobile and metal industry, residues from
the paper and photograph industry, residues from the
plastic production and used tiers are suitable.
Client:
Alfred Kärcher GmbH & Co., Winnenden
Contact:
33
The accompanying and testing of a wastewater
treatment system for the purification of mineral
oil contaminated wastewater using a water circuit
The Mall GmbH company has applied for a granting of
a general construction permit at the Deutschen Institut fuer Bautechnik in order to build a wastewater
treatment system for the purification of mineral oil
contaminated wastewater using a water circuit. The
practical test will be carried out by the Fischle GmbH
company in Esslingen, which already has such system
in use. The system in question concerns the use of
a biological process with pre-separation. The system
will then be coated with wastewater from a bus-wash
installation as well as wastewater from a workshop of
the Fischle GmbH company. In order to broaden the
application fields a truck will be driven through the
wash-installation as a test.
Client:
Firma Mall GmbH, Pfohren
A short assessment of a wastewater treatment
concept, in which an application for an approval
for indirectly discharging pre-purified industrial
wastewater from the inner cleaning of a fuel installation into the public sewer network of the
city of Graz
The Grazer Waschbetriebe GmbH company is planning
to apply for approval for indirectly discharge pre-purified industrial wastewater from the inner cleaning of
a fuel installation into the public sewer network of the
city of Graz. The wastewater treatment-concept is based on the proposal made by the office of Dipl.-Ing. Dr.
Bernhard S. Mayr. The contents of this concept shall be
examined in order to create a short assessment into
the matter.
Client:
Fa. TCS, Stuttgart
Contact:
Dr.-Ing. U. Menzel, Akad. Direktor
Contract:
The official inspection office, responsible for carrying out practical tests at different plants to ensure the reduction of hydrocarbon in wastewater
containing mineral oil.
As a result of Dr. Menzel being appointed part of the
expert-committees:
“Abscheider und Mineralölhaltiges Abwasser
-A- (428)”
“Mineralölhaltiges Abwasser -B 3-(428c)”
“Miniralölhaltiges –B 4-(428d)”
by the “Deutsches Institut für Bautechnik (DIBt)” in
Berlin, the Institute for Sanitary Engineering, Water
Quality and Solid Waste Management at the University
of Stuttgart (IWT department) was then appointed as
the official inspection office. The department is responsible for carrying out practical tests at different plants
to ensure the reduction of hydrocarbon in wastewater
containing mineral oil.
Client:
Deutsches Institut für Bautechnik (DIBt), Berlin
Contact:
34
The development of a process for the treatment
of process water from the separation of chlorite-sulfate and bypass-dust from the cement
industry.
The Schwenk Zement KG company was found in the
year 1847, making it the oldest cement company in
the European cement industry. Alongside manufacturing cement Schwenk Zement KG also specializes
in dam technology, façade technology as well as the
manufacturing of transport concrete. Further more the
Schwenk Zement KG is the leading company in the
German branch known for renting/leasing concretepumps. In the company’s 4 cement plants in Germany
partially up to 100% of the used fuels are alternative/
recovered fuels.
In each cement plant about one or two tons of bypassdust accumulates per hour, and therefore creating
amounts of 10.000 tons of accumulated bypass-dust
a year.
This means that at a total production rate of 1 Mio.
tons of cement a year adds up to 40.000 tons of accumulated bypass-dust. This bypass-dust is amongst
other things fortified with a high concentration of chloride-sulfate which encourages caking and corrosion.
Therefore the Schwenk Zement KG company intends
to gather the chlorine load from the bypass-dust. In
order to achieve this four or five times the amount of
heated water is added to the dust. This leads to the
dissolving of the salts in the bypass-dust, and therefore enabling the dust to be used in an environmental
friendly manner.
The salt from the process water should be gathered
in a suitable process-combination. This process should
be affordable and efficient and therefore enabling the
use of a water circuit of the process water. For this
purpose an environmental friendly process or processcombination should be developed, tested and applied
on a big scale in the industry. Here is a description of
the research process:
Part 1: Literature and application studies
Part 2:The research of the conclusion from part 1
through laboratory or technical tests
Part 3: Suitability test in a pilot-installation
Part 4:Consultation and monitoring of the technical
implementation of the project
Client:
Schwenk Zement KG, Ulm
Contact:
Dipl.-Ing. MSc. Sebastian Platz
Aspects and fundamental possible processes for
the treatment, disposal and utilization of sewage
sludge with a special consideration from an ecological and a legal point of view.
The Holcim GmbH in Dotternhausen (southern Germany) is a subsidiary of the worldwide active construction
company Holcim Ltd.. The company’s main fields of
production are: cement, gravel and concrete.
In the cement plant Dotternhausen about 470.000 tons
of clinker, 300.000 tons of burned oil-slate 650.000
tons of cement and 200.000 tons of special binding
agent are produced yearly.
Limestone and oil-slate are used as raw material. Oilslate is incinerated and produces most of the plant’s
energy needs.
Besides coal alternative raw materials and fuels are
being used, for example: old tiers, dried sewage
sludge, waste from paper production and plastic.
On the one hand this reduces the usage of fossil fuels,
for example coal and oil contribute towards sparing
resources and on the other hand reduces the exhaust
of carbon dioxide.
After an extensive literature research it should be
determined fundamental possible processes for the
treatment, disposal and utilization of sewage sludge,
and also take the ecological and legal aspects into consideration.
When compiling the study we are looking for certain
materials and especially if sewage sludge is suitable as
an alternative fuel for the cement production. The way
the sludge is utilized should be assessed with a special
consideration of the regulation TA Siedlungsabfall.
The goal of this study is to find the most economical
options for the co-incineration of certain groups of materials that also fall under a positive ecological judgment and can be applied by the Holcim GmbH.
Client:
Holcim (Süddeutschland) GmbH, Dotternhausen
Contact:
Alongside the cement plant in Dotternhausen, there
are other plants such as the gravel and concrete plant
in Offenburg, Loerrach-brombach, Weil am Rhein, Haltingen and Grenzach-Wyhlen. These plants produce
different kinds of building material for different purposes.
The integration of new knowledge should be able reduce the impact of the manufacturing-process on the
environment. And thanks to investments in new technology and concepts the company as well as the resources are spared.
35
The execution and evaluation of the biodegradation test through the respiration index according
to the OECD-guidelines such as DIN 38405, Teil
52 (Sapromat), interpretation of the results and
creating assessment statement
The sewage treatment plant in Laupheim is currently
extended to capacitate 35.000 populations equivalent
and treats domestic as well as industrial wastewater.
Along with other industrial plants the company CCL
Rapid Spray GmbH & Co.KG indirectly discharge their
wastewater into the communal treatment plant in Laupheim. The CCL Rapid Spray GmbH & Co.KG company
produces deodorant sprays and other hygiene products. In this case wastewater is mainly created when
the reactors, which were used for mixing the products,
were cleaned. The wastewater accumulated during
the production process is distinguished by a high concentration of lipophilics and detergents. Before being
discharged into the sewer network, the partial flows
of wastewater flow through a 25 cubic meter buffer
tank.
After the wastewater from CCL Rapid Spray GmbH &
Co.KG reaches the communal treatment plant in Laupheim, the oxygen concentration in the aeration tank
sink to levels under 0,5 mg/l, although the maximal
efficiency of the blower system is being worked with.
This condition can last for hours.
The goal of the research is to find the reason for the
sinking oxygen level in the aeration tank in the treatment plant in Laupheim, especially to test if a component in the wastewater of the CCL Rapid Spray GmbH
& Co.KG company could be the course of the high oxygen sag.
Client:
Stadt Laupheim
Contact:
An assessment report of the situation at the
plant and an evaluation of the current wastewater treatment, as well as the development of
an efficient and secure process-concept for the
process water treatment at the Zeller + Gmelin
GmbH & co as well as Südöl Mineralöl-Raffinerie
GmbH in Eislingen Germany.
The companies Zeller + Gmelin GmbH & co as well as
Südöl Mineralöl-Raffinerie GmbH are middle classes
companies with more than 650 workers and with international connections.
The company Zeller + Gmelin GmbH & co offer a variety of products for the automobile- and industrial lubricants, chemical and print colors where as the company
Südöl offers the environmental service of an disposal
concept for solid and liquid workshop waste as well as
treatment of used oil.
During the treatment-process about 200 cubic meter
of wastewater from the production are produced daily.
Characteristics of this water is high levels of organic
components, and a COD of 50-70 mg/l. The COD load
which is then created as a result of the high COD levels, creates about 50% of the COD load of the city
of Eislingen, which is then directed to the communal
sewage treatment plant Göppingen for further treatment.
Sapromat-test tube
36
Alongside the high levels of organic components the
wastewater parameter AOX and heavy metals represent a problem for the plant-intern purification system, which consists mainly at the process of precipitation/flocculation and flotation, and therefore is pushed
to the limit. During the indirect discharge of COD, AOX
and heavy metals, the limits are not always securely
kept. And besides that extra fees for strongly polluted
wastewater up to 250.000 Euros must be paid annually.
Further costs are caused by the chemo-physically treatment of the process water with flocculation
chemicals such as FeCl2 and CaCl2, which on the one
hand causes the unavoidable high salt concentration
in the wastewater and on the other hand causes large
amounts of hydroxide sludge. Annually about 600 tons
of sludge is accumulated. The purchasing of the necessary precipitation chemicals as well as the disposal of
the accumulated hydroxide sludge creates such high
costs so that the company had to increase their annual
budged of 500.000 Euros for this purpose. Therefore
this process is to be seen critically from an ecological
and economical point of view.
The goal is to create a secure and economical plantintern wastewater treatment plant, particularly regarding the point of keeping the discharged compounds to
the set limits. The task list is split u into four parts:
Part 1: Documentation and an on-the spot analysis of
the workflow in the current wastewater treatment plant by evaluating the plant records
and the existing wastewater cadastral register.
Part 2: The development of an efficient process-concept for the process water treatment
Part 3: Testing the developed process from part 2 on
a half technical scale at the plant
Part 4: Testing the possibilities of online-recording of
analysis and process parameters within the
wastewater treatment plant
Client:
Zeller + Gmelin GmbH & Co sowie Südöl MineralölRaffinerie GmbH, Eislingen
Contact:
Experimental plant for the biological wastewater treatment
37
International curriculum exchange
Study course offers from German universities
and academies abroad
The initiation of German environmental Master
of Science programs at Brazilian universities
under German supervision and at German standards – EDUBRAS
At the pace of the current booming industrialization,
environmental pollution causes serious problems in
emerging and developing countries. In Brazil, which
is the most populous country in South America, this is
particularly visible in densely populated areas.
Due to the successful years at experience that the lectures from the University of Stuttgart have had in creating new environmental study courses such as “Umweltschutztechnik” and the English Master of Science
program WAREM and WASTE, this experience should
now be transported to Brazil through the EDUBRAS
program which takes place in the Brazilian state Parana. EDUBRAS is meant to be an exemplary program,
which can then later be implemented at other universities abroad.
The basic concept behind the planned study program
were established based on the environmental inventory of Dr. Menzel during the research project “Export
oriented research on the field of water supply and water disposal, part 2: wastewater treatment and water
reuse” funded by the German “Federal Ministry for Education and Research (BMBF)”.
This revealed the desperate need to import new and
modern environmental technologies to Brazil. It also
revealed the need and the interest in educating local skilled specialists in order to operate the imported
technologies and thereby creating a sustainable environmental-protection system.
After the success of the “Summer-School-courses”
from 2002-2005 dealing with the topics of wastewater/industrial wastewater and waste/industrial waste,
not only showed a great interest for environmental topics, but the need for such courses or similar ones to
be given on a permanent basis as local study courses
at Brazilian universities as well. This is crucial in order
to train local specialized staff in order to ensure the
sustainability and success of all environmental proce-
Signing of the cooperation treaty for the initiation of the master course EDUBRAS-MAUI in Curitiba by the director
of the „Universidade Federal do Paraná – UFPR“ Carlos Augusto Moreira Junior and the EDUBRAS project director
Dr. Uwe Menzel
38
dures. With the help of the program “Course offers
from German universities in foreign countries” offered
by the DAAD, it will be possible for Brazilian universities to offer additional study courses in Brazil.
In July 2007 the master program environmental engineering was inducted at the national university “Universidade Federal do Parana – UFPR” in Curitiba, Brazil.
The goal is to create a “Master of science” program
which is accepted in Brazil or alternatively in German
and Brazil, and to achieve an accreditation of that program. The study program will be financed by tuition
fees.
It is intended to first link the university lectures and
research through close cooperation with the University
of Stuttgart and later on by building an infrastructure
at the UFPR. The lectures will be held in German as
well as in Portuguese. Alongside the lectures German
language courses will be offered in order to strengthen
the relationship with Germany. German will take part
in creating the courses’ curriculum as well as being
responsible for the quality control of the courses. The
German side will be in charge of administrating and
coordinating the overall project. The structure of the
study program offers a wide range of courses in the
field of environmental engineering, and the positions
will be occupied by Germans and Brazilians.
The coordination with the project-partner UFPR is regulated by a cooperation treaty. The UFPR is responsible for providing the infrastructure and the lecturers
as well as for the fee and coordination on the Brazilian
side. Due to the public relations and the contact to the
industry, and the partnership in the industrial alliance
SENAI it is therefore possible to guarantee practicaloriented programs as well.
Extensive treatment processes for water and
wastewater. Post-graduation-specializing course
at the “FACULDADE DE TECNOLOGIA SENAI BLUMENAU”, the national environmental protection
center of the industry (SENAI-SC) in Blumenau/
Santa Catarina Brazil.
The national environmental protection center of the industry (SENAI-SC) in Blumenau/ Santa Catarina offers
a post-graduate-specializing course “Gerenciamento
de Aquas e Efluentes”.
As part of these courses Dr. Menzel gives a series of
lectures called “Advanced Treatment Technologies for
Process-Water and Wastewater”.
Nationales Umweltschutzzentrum
(SENAI) in Blumenau
der
Industrie
Contact:
“Environmental management in the industry”
post-graduate-specializing course at the Universidade Federal do Parana (UFPR) in cooperation
with the national environmental protection center of the industry (SENAI)
Over the past few years the Universidade Federal do
Parana (UFPR) has lead the post-graduate-specializing
course “Environmental Management in Industries” in
cooperation with SENAI.
As part of this course Dr. Menzel gives a series of lectures called “Management of Industrial Wastewater”.
Deutscher Akademischer Austauschdienst DAAD
Universidade Federal do Parana (UFPR) in Curitiba
Nationales Umweltschutzzentrum der Industrie
(SENAI) in Curitiba
Project partner:
Project partner:
Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR)
Serviço Nacional de Aprendizagem Industrial
(SENAI)
Universidade Federal do Parana (UFPR) in Curitiba
Nationales Umweltschutzzentrum der Industrie
(SENAI) in Curitiba
Contact:
Contact:
Dr.-Ing. U. Menzel (IWT), Akad. Direktor
Dr.-Ing. D. Neuffer (IWT)
Dr.-Ing. K. Fischer (SIA)
Prof. Dr. rer. nat. J. Metzger (CH)
39
Environmental engineering study offers in Brazilian Summer School at Fundacentro (Fundao
Jorge Duprat Figueiredo de Segurance e Mediciana do Trabalho (research institute at the ministry of work) in Sao Paulo and CEFET (Centro
Federal de Educacao Tecnologica do Parana) in
Curitiba, Brazil.
Alongside political and legal conditions it is also crucial
to obtain the know-how and qualified personal in order
to create a sustainable environmental protection program and solve environmental problems.
As part of the model-project “Umweltschutztechnische
Studienangebote in Brasilien – Summer School” lecturers of the University of Stuttgart will hold a three
week learning event in Brazil in which the field of waste-economy, waste technology and industrial water
and wastewater technology will be taught.
The participants in the Summer School should be able
to apply their acquired knowledge in order to contribute to the environmental protection in Brazil. The
Participants include professors, students from higher
semesters and colleges, as well as professionals from
industrial and communal branches.
The Summer Schools are executed due to strong cooperation between the IWT department at the University of Stuttgart and Brazilian universities and academic
institutions in Brazil.
The experiences and contacts made during this modelproject should contribute to the development of new
study events and programs in Brazil as well as create
a bond to the University of Stuttgart.
As far as the participating partners are concerned this
project is an opportunity to cooperate in the fields of
science, research, joined projects as well as student
exchange programs etc. with the University of Stuttgart.
The participants of the summer school in Belo Horizonte during the visit of the goldmine of the Anglogold company
40
Teaching topics of the Summer Schools:
„Industrial Waste Water Treatment“
• • • • • • • • • • • • • Intro waste water treatment technology
Volume, types and contents of waste water
Fundamentals of industrial watermanagement
Abstract of process technologies
Preparing measures
Mechanical-physical treatment
Biological treatment
Conditioning of sludge and sludge disposal
Physicochemical treatment
Case study: combined processes
Examples of practical applications
Exercises in groups
Excursion
„Solid Waste Management and Treatment“
• Environmental aspects of solid waste
• Source, composition, quantities of solid waste
• Waste management systems
•
•
•
•
Collection and transport of solid waste
Sorting and recycling
Waste disposal – landfill, incineration
Composting and anaerobic digestion of separate
collected biowaste
• Air purification
• Analysis of solid waste
Deutscher Akademischer Austauschdienst DAAD
Project partner:
Fundacentro (Fundacao Jorge Duprat Figueiredo de
Seguranca e Medicina do Trabalho (Forschungsinstitut am Arbeitsministerium) in Sao Paulo;
CEFET (Centro Federal de Educacao Tecnologica do
Parana) in Curitiba
Contact:
Dr.-Ing. D. Neuffer
Dr.-Ing. K. Fischer (SIA)
Dipl.-Geol. D. Clauß (SIA)
Diploma- and Master Thesis
Untersuchungen zur Reinigung von sulfat- und
schwermetallhaltigen Abwässern durch kombinierte Membranverfahren im Vergleich zu konventionellen Fällungs- und Flockungsverfahren
Entwicklung und Optimierung eines Prototypen
zur biologischen Aufbereitung von Abwasser aus
der Fahrzeugwäsche bei der Firma Alfred Kärcher
GmbH & Co.
Angela Aray (WAREM) (2006)
Supervisor: Dr.-Ing. U. Menzel
Master Thesis
Michael Eckert (Umweltschutztechnik) (2007)
Wirtschaftlichkeitsbetrachtung
für
Prozessund Abwasserbehandlungsverfahren in China
(2006)
Yongquan Yan (Umweltschutztechnik) (2006)
JZR Process for High Load Wastewater Treatment
Zhang Yanrong (WAREM) (2006)
Master Thesis
Abwasserbehandlungsstrategie in der Industriezone Zekou Stadt Qianjiang Hubei, China
Chenjie Jiang (Umweltschutztechnik) (2007)
Zentrale oder dezentrale Abwasserbehandlung
in Ze Kou – Industriezone Qian Jiang, Hu Bei,
China
Kun Zhang (Umweltschutztechnik) (2007)
41
Choice and verification of a suitable process technology for the waste water treatment of sweetproduction by field tests
Entwicklung eines Verfahrens zur Ammoniumeliminierung für eine bestehende Grundwasserreinigungsanlage
Larisa Nikitina (WASTE) (2007)
Master Thesis
Wencheng Yan (Umweltschutztechnik) (2007)
Supervisor: Dr.-Ing. W.R. Müller (Biology),
Dr.-Ing. U. Menzel
Untersuchungen zur Biomassenabtrennung an
einen Strahlzonenschlaufenreaktor und weitergehende Behandlung mittels Nanofiltration bei
einem Abwasser der Textilindustrie
Ridong Huang (Umweltschutztechnik) (2007)
42
Contact
Tel:
Fax:
Mobil: Email:
++49 (0)711/685-65417
++49 (0)711/685-63729
++49 (0)172/7303330
[email protected]
Secretary´s office
Christine Schulmeister
Tel:
++49 (0)711/685-63742
Fax:
++49 (0)711/685-63729
Email: [email protected]
Research Assistants
Dr.-Ing. Daniela Neuffer
Dipl.-Ing. Stefan Schölppe
Tel:
++49 (0)711/685-65419
Fax:
++49 (0)711/685-63729
Dipl.-Ing. MSc. Sebastian Platz
Tel:
++49 (0)711/685-65470
Fax:
++49 (0)711/685-63729
Dipl.-Ing. Kay Kolata
Tel:
++49 (0)711/685-65419
Fax:
++49 (0)711/685-63729
Dipl.-Ing. Karen Amaral
Tel:
0711/685-65470
Fax:
0711/685-63729
Laboratory
CTA Silvia Brechtel
Tel:
Fax:
++49 (0)711/685-63731
++49 (0)711/685-63729
43
Research topics:
• Membrane processes for wastewater treatment and reuse
• Removal of organic trace compounds
• Integration of fuel cells in wastewater treatment plants
• Phosphorus recovery from wastewater and sewage sludge
• Treatment of process water from
sludge dewatering
• Fixed-bed processes for biological wastewater treatment
• Infiltration water in wastewater
treatment plants
• Stormwater treatment in combined and separate systems
• Monitoring and control of pollution loads in sewer networks
• Reduction of germs in stormwater and wastewater
Muddy waters? Not with us!
Our Wastewater Technology department undertakes research primarily on municipal sewage treatment and
discharge.
Our activities are focused on research in current problems of sewage technology, training and continuing professional development of personnel for sewage treatment plants and sewer networks. Furthermore, the department
acts as an independent consultant for plant operators and engineers in all issues related to the operation and
planning of sewage treatment plants and sewer networks. The aim of our consulting and research activities is
to achieve long-term protection of surface waters taking economic factors into consideration. Some of the most
significant developments in wastewater treatment in Germany have been influenced by our department. For
example, in 1982 the first tests involving separation of activated sludge using membranes took place here. Since then the importance of this process has increased. In more recent projects, we have investigated the use of
membrane technology for the retention of pathogens and organic trace substances. Our wastewater discharge
projects also include sewer network management. Here, monitoring systems and the control of pollution loads
are at the forefront. Moreover, we explore the economical and ecological effects of infiltration water into sewers
and establish systematic concepts for its recognition and reduction. We provide a number of advanced training
opportunities for domestic and foreign wastewater professionals. The long term aim of these courses is to enable
foreign sewage treatment works personnel to achieve the level of training common in Germany. Since the technical state of treatment plants in other countries is continuously improving, these plants can only be optimally
utilized by appropriately qualified personnel. This training is also of great importance for German companies in
terms of the development of new markets, as most of the technologies taught in such courses are principally
German in origin.
44
Wastewater Technology AWT
Projects
Effects of a longer power failure on surface waters through wastewater treatment plants
Energy is becoming a more important aspect for the
analysis of waste water treatment plants (WWTP). Numerous research studies were carried out in the recent
past on this topic, with the goal being predominantly
aligned to the energy optimization and balance of wastewater treatment plants. In doing so, the intention
was to find the most efficient technologies to cover
the energy demand of wastewater treatment plants as
well as to optimize their operation and develop alternative processes. Unfortunately, the effects of a long
power failure on the operation of wastewater treatment plants and the resulting influence on the waterbody quality remain practically unexplored. In the context of this project two aspects should be examined;
Firstly, assessment of secure supply of electricity and
determination of the degree of the self-power supply
of purification plants. Secondly, estimation of the water contamination loading at a longer power failure at
wastewater treatment plants.
In the Figure below the absolute numbers of the current consumption, production and the degree of the
self-power supply for the waste water treatment plants
in Baden-Württemberg are plotted. In the diagram a
clear potential for the increase of the self-power supply is to be recognized. However, for class 4 it must
be marked that in the range of 10.000 P.E to 100.000
P.E. the degree of self-power supply is unfavourable
due to predominant economic reasons. Because of the
dimensions in class 5, the few waste water treatment
plants without combined heat and power plant (BHKW)
have significant effects on the balance presented in
Illustration 1. However, in the context of the inquiry,
numerous waste water treatment plants foretold the
planning and the construction of such plants.
The following Figure shows the estimated effects of an
insufficient self-power supply on water bodies. In the
diagram the lower bar represents the waterbody contamination loading during regular operation of waste
water treatment plants. According to the boundary
conditions defined for the current project, the operation of all waste water treatment plants in BadenWürttemberg is ceased after four days. On this end,
the maximum waterbody contamination loading that
can be expected, approximately 1.500.000 kg COD
per day, occurs. The time period after which the complete purification capacity of all wastewater treatment
plants is restored following the re-establishment of
Current consumption and production of waste water treatment plants, degrees of the self-power supply
45
power supply, was not a subject in this investigation.
The restoration to regular operation is therefore only
qualitatively to be considered.
In the context of the current investigation it can be
perceived, that optimal waste water treatment plant
operation is tightly associated to self-power and security-power supply, which both require substantial improvement. This prerequisite, aiming at an improved
waterbody protection even during long power failures,
necessitates common efforts on diverse levels.
Ministry of Environment, Baden-Württemberg
Duration:
02/2005 - 01/2007
Contact:
Dipl.-Ing. Klaus Keicher
Internet:
http:// www.iswa.uni-stuttgart.de/awt/en/research.
html
Estimated waterbody contamination due to the operation of waste water treatment plants
46
Examinations to improve the hygienic river quality of the Körsch
The determination of significant anthropogenic pollutions and the evaluation of their effects on the ecological current state of the surface water are an important
part of the European Union water framework directive
(2000/690/EG). The causes of poor quality (hygienic)
of river water are mainly the anthropogenic loads, especially sewage discharges. These degrade river water not only hygienic-biologically, but optically as well
(e.g. foam formation, sanitary products etc.).
Koersch is a small river south of the Stuttgart metropolitan area and an important inflow into the Neckar.
It is significantly affected by anthropogenic sources,
2 wastewater treatment plants and 52 stormwater
overflow tanks (only within the boarders of Stuttgart City). Under the scope of the current research
project, microbiological examinations of the river Koersch, the discharges from certain stormwater overflow tanks and the two wastewater treatment plants
Stuttgart-Möhringen and Stuttgart-Plieningen were to
be carried out. After the first period of examination
the impact of the sewage became conspicuous during
dry weather periods (discharges from the wastewater
treatment plants) as well as by rainy weather periods (discharges from the sewage overflow tanks). The
concentrations of the pathogens in the river were higher at rainy weather than that at dry weather by 1 to 2
orders of magnitude. The limit values according to the
EU Directive on Bathing Water Quality were exceeded
permanently.
The aim of the research project is to develop measures
for improving the river water quality. The project contains an integrated management of sewer system,
wastewater treatment plant and surface water. The
wastewater treatment plant Stuttgart-Plieningen is
ideal for simulating sewage network control because
of seasonal reserves in summer time due to absence
of water quantities originating from de-icing process at
the airport in Echterdingen during winter. Especially at
rainy weather conditions there are possibilities to optimize the sewage network control, e.g. by increasing
inflow to the wastewater treatment plant. Measures to
reduce the negative impact on the river Koersch are
prioritized depending on feasibility and effectiveness.
Stadtentwässerung Stuttgart (SES)
Duration:
10/2006 – 04/2009
Contact:
Dipl.-Ing. Juliane Gasse
Internet:
www.iswa.uni-stuttgart.de/awt/en/research.html
Escherichia coli concentrations of the river Körsch as well as the confluence Ramsbach and the discharges of
municipal wastewater during dry and rain weather conditions
47
Comparative examinations of innovative processes for disinfection of Stuttgart’s wastewater
treatment plants
The City Drainage of Stuttgart (SES) operates four
wastewater treatment plants (1,6 Mio. PE) and a sewer system 1.700 km long. Besides the stormwater
overflow and the agricultural effluents, wastewater
treatment plant effluents are in general the main emission source of pathogens into the rivers in spite of the
high degree of purification. Different pathogens and
germs have a significant influence on the utilisation of
surface water as bathing water. Therefore innovative
disinfection systems (UV and membrane facilities) for
improving the hygienic quality of effluents were operated in parallel and were evaluated technically and
economically. The examinations were carried out at
the Sewage treatment plant for Research and Education of the Universität Stuttgart.
The disinfection systems were operated at the same
time and with the same wastewater (effluent of microsieves or effluent of secondary sedimentation tank).
For the investigation constant (Qmax/2 and Qmax) and
proportional to the inflow of the LFKW loading rates
(Qinflow-proportional) were implemented. The expected degree of disinfection was not given at the outset. The first experimental period (influent pilot plants
= effluent microsieves) was affected by optimizing
measures on the part of the manufacturing compa-
nies. In the second experimental period the degree of
disinfection in all pilot plants was excellent. The concentration of total coliforms and faecal coliforms dropped far below the guide values of the EU Directive on
Bathing Water Quality. Hence, the disinfection capability of these technologies has been acknowledged.
Considering large-scale utilisation, UV disinfection is
the most economical process. Membrane systems exhibit very high operational costs due to energy consumption and chemical cleaning requirements. They
could be recommended only for wastewater treatment
plants that require an improvement concerning other
parameters (e.g. suspended solids, total phosphorous)
and that do not yet have sand filters or similar systems
in operation. This would be conceivable in the wastewater treatment plant in Stuttgart-Möhringen.
Stadtentwässerung Stuttgart (SES)
Duration:
03/2006 – 11/2006
Contact:
Dipl.-Ing. Corinna Schrader
Internet:
Faecal coliforms in the influent and effluent of the pilot plants (influent = second clarifier effluent)
48
Recovery of Phosphorus from Sewage Sludge
The production of industrial fertilizer containing phosphorus requires the exploitation of geological sources which leads to a reduction of decomposable rock
and therefore contradicts the rule of sustainability. To
preserve the natural resources, a process was developed to recover phosphorus from municipal sewage
sludge.
Phosphorus is leached out of digested sludge at pH=2
by the use of sulphuric acid. In this step, amongst
phosphorus, metals contained in the sludge are dissolved. The phosphorus-enriched liquid phase is then
separated from the remaining solid phase by a chamber filter press. In the liquid phase, interfering metal
ions are complexed with citric acid to exclude them
from further chemical reactions (e.g. precipitation of
phosphorus as metal-phosphates). For the following
MAP-precipitation, pH has to be adjusted to 8,5 by
adding NaOH. The phosphorus in the liquid phase is
then precipitated by the addition of MgCl2.
Dissolution container
MAP-precipitation container
49
The produced MAP can be directly used as fertilizer.
The latest research (Römer, 2006; Simon and Clemens, 2006; Goto, 2001) showed that the fertilizer
value of MAP is comparable to that of commercial fertilizers. The quality of the produced MAP is comparable
to that of commercial mineral fertilizers in terms of
heavy metal concentration.
Project partner:
iat-Ingenieurberatung GmbH, Stuttgart
Duration:
04/2006 – 12/2007
Contact:
Dipl.-Ing. Alexander Weidelener
Internet:
Facility diagram
50
Investigations of the Use of Sediment Traps in
Combined Sewer Systems in Municipalities in Baden-Württemberg
Combined sewer systems are traditionally widespread
in Baden-Württemberg. Thereby, it became obvious
that sewer sediments in local drainage systems may
cause operational problems. Mineral solids entering
machinery and mechanical installations in sewer networks can lead to damaging of pumps, pressure pipes,
fine-meshed sieves and rakes. This increases maintenance requirements and operational costs. The installation of sediment traps in combined sewer systems
is an alternative method, serving as protection device
and bringing significant financial advantages.
Within the scope of the current project, a survey on
species and domain inventory of sediment trap facilities in Baden-Württemberg has been carried out. The
systems under consideration were evaluated in respect
to their efficiency and functionality.
Export-oriented Research and Development in
the Field of the Wastewater Treatment
Subproject: Use of the Trickling Filter Process
under Different Country-Specific Influence Factors
The European and American dimensioning standards
for trickling filters do not sufficiently comprehend influence of high temperatures. As biological activity is
directly influenced by temperature, the non-critical
use of these standards in warm climate countries can
theoretically lead to oversized plants. Aiming the adjustment/adaptation of the trickling filter technology
for the international market in warm climate countries,
a semi-scale trickling filter was operated and investigated in a climate chamber under high temperatures
on the premises of the wastewater treatment plant of
the Universität Stuttgart. Air temperature was kept at
30°C with help of an air conditioning system. Water
DWA Landesverband Baden-Württemberg
Duration:
03/2006 – 01/2007
Contact:
Dr.-Ing. Gebhard Stotz
Internet:
http:// www.iswa.uni-stuttgart.de/awt/en/research.
html
Trickling filter
Climate chamber
51
temperature was adjusted to 25 °C by means of heat
exchangers. To make a comparison of packing media
possible, the trickling filter was vertically filled with
two packing materials: lava slag and plastic packing
medium (cross-flow). The volumetric organic loading
was gradually increased up to approximately 1.2 kg
BOD5/(m3•d).
In order to estimate enhancement of performance due
to high temperatures, performance curves for different
volumetric organic loadings were obtained and compared with curves from literature. The results indicate
correlation between enhancement of performance and
volumetric organic loading. For small volumetric organic loadings enhancement of performance was not
observed. On the other hand, for high volumetric or-
ganic loadings performance is remarkably increased.
The operation of a high-loaded trickling filter for sole
carbon removal with high temperatures leads to a volume saving of approximately 60%.
German Ferderal Ministry of Education and Research
(BMBF)
Duration:
02/2005 – 01/2007
Contact:
Fabio Pressinotti, M.Sc.
Internet:
www.iswa.uni-stuttgart.de/awt/en/research_current.html#weidelener2
BOD5 removal rates of the semi-scale TF (25 °C) and of TFs in Germany (temperate temperatures (Imhoff,
1979))
52
Biological hydrogen production from organic
substrates in the biological wastewater treatment
ly converted to methane in the methanogenic phase.
This hydrogen can be utilised with the help of fuel cells
for an almost emission-free energy production.
Worldwide, the energy demand is still predominantly
supplied from fossil fuels. Increasing energy consumption and limited natural resources require the development of alternative methods for energy production.
Fuel cells that use hydrogen as fuel present a promising alternative for energy production. Reforming of
hydrogen-rich hydrocarbons, e.g. natural gas, for hydrogen production is considered to be technically and
economically the most suitable process until to date.
However, for a sustainable energy production transition to alternative energy resources is required.
Several different types of sewage sludge shall be tested for their suitability with regard to hydrogen production. Initially, optimum boundary conditions (such
as ph value, partial pressure of hydrogen, nutrient
supply, retention time in the reactor, inhibition of methanogenic bacteria) in lab-scale experiments are to
be assessed. Aim is the maximisation of gas yield and
hydrogen content.
Within the scope of the current project the possibility of hydrogen production from organic substrates
in the biological wastewater treatment is investigated.
During anaerobic sludge digestion, hydrogen is produced as an intermediate product, which is subsequent-
Preliminary results of lab-scale batch experiments with
sucrose as substrate for hydrogen yield optimisation
demonstrate that the optimum pH lies between pH = 6
and pH = 6,5. Substrate concentration exhibits also an
optimum range. In this case, hydrogen yield is higher
when the pH is continuously adjusted than when it is
just set to an initial value.
Investigation of the optimum pH for hydrogen production (in respect to sucrose consumption)
53
In the remaining time the following aspects are to be
investigated:
• Suitability of different types of sewage sludge for
biological hydrogen production. The possibility of
co-fermentation of biological waste will be investigated as well.
• Enrichment in hydrogen with the help of a selective
membrane.
• Testing of a two-stage continuous process for sludge
stabilisation and complete utilisation of the sludge’s
energy content. Accordingly, hydrogen and methane will be produced during the first and second
stage respectively.
Duration:
03/2007 - 03/2009
Contact:
Iosif Mariakakis, M.Sc.
Internet:
www.iswa.uni-stuttgart.de/awt/en/research_current.html#hydrogen
• Evaluation of the process energetically
Investigation of the optimum substrate concentration for hydrogen production (sucrose as substrate)
54
MODULAARE: Integrated Modules for Efficient
Wastewater Treatment, Solid Waste Disposal
and Regenerative Energy Recovery in Tourist
Resorts
Tourism is a rapidly growing sector and sustainability
in tourism requires an environmentally conscious management. Particularly in arid provinces, large amounts
of water required for the irrigation may constitute a
problem. Preferred regions often include naturally vulnerable areas in which hotels or holiday villages are
located far from central infrastructure, such as wastewater treatment plants and landfills. The transport of
wastes to central systems is a costly process. On one
hand’s side, large amounts of wastewater and solid
waste are produced due to increased needs on holiday,
on the other side wastewater, even though polluted,
constitutes an important water resource and can be
reused if properly treated.
In this context, an innovative, decentralised and modular concept for wastewater treatment, solid waste disposal and energy production was developed.
The concept was applied within the framework of a
research project (MODULAARE) and conducted by a
consortium including University of Stuttgart. The emphasis of the project was placed on the practical and
the economical feasibility of the concept. Thus for the
implementation of the project a Turkish tourist resort
connected to a municipal waste water treatment plant
has been selected as pilot hotel. A pilot plant combining wastewater treatment and solid waste processing
were installed and operated. A simple laboratory was
established in the hotel grounds.
The modular pilot plant combined a membrane bioreactor for wastewater recycling with a digester unit for
energy recovery out of organic waste from the kitchen
and green areas as well as the excess sludge of the
membrane bioreactor.
The wastewater module was constructed in a cargo
container in Germany and then transported to the hotel at the beginning of the summer season 2005. The
process was based on a low loaded membrane bioreactor consisting of several steps to remove nitrogen and
carbonaceous substances and ending with membrane
filtration. Wastewater produced in the hotel is collected
in a central shaft and only a small part of it is brought
to the plant (7 m³/d - 10 m³/d). After being stored in
a mass balancing tank, wastewater was pumped into a
primary sedimentation unit. This was followed by separate anoxic and aerobic zones, interconnected by a
recirculation line. Treated wastewater was then permeated through submerged ultrafiltration membranes
placed in the aerobic tank and stored in a separate
chamber connected to the irrigation pond.
Separate analyses of different wastewater streams
55
The membrane bioreactor was operated during 3 summer seasons from 2005 to 2007 in the large tourist.
Treatment efficiency was monitored through chemical
and microbiological analyses. Data related to water
use was collected. Specific user values were calculated. Wastewater was analysed in different production
points. Acceptance of guests about environmental applications on holiday was investigated.
According to the results, the water consumption in
Iberotel remained in average range compared to other
given literature. Kitchen and laundry together constituted the largest potable water use station after the
garden. A considerably higher water use per guest
was observed in low occupancy. Regarding the water
use points in the hotel, the most concentrated pollution loads originated from the kitchen, laundry and
the rooms. Figure below presents the pollution loads
in wastewater from the kitchen, laundry and rooms
comparatively. The wastewater of Iberotel in general
represented a very concentrated wastewater, differing
from common domestic wastewater also with its extremely high solid matter content. Therefore an extra
sieve had to be constructed after the first operation
season. An efficient wastewater treatment was achieved in membrane bioreactor. COD removal rates were
mostly above 98 % where nitrogen removal varied in a
wider range between 90 % and 98 %. Besides operational parameters, the heavy metal content was investigated in some permeate samples. All of the measured
values remained far below the critical threshold levels
of FAO (1992). During microbiological investigations t.
coli and e. coli were analysed in 20 permeate samples.
All of the measured values remained far below the limit values of EU-directive for bathing and recreational
purposes (76/160/EEC), most were smaller than the
recommended values. Also according to the WHO guidelines for the use of treated wastewater in agriculture
the treated wastewater from the wastewater module
was within the acceptable range. Both chemical and
microbiological analyses proved the treated wastewater to be “safe to use” for recreational purposes.
The acceptance study presented surprisingly positive
results. A significant majority of the participants gave
opinions in favour of decentralised processes in holiday resorts and wastewater reuse.
This modular and decentralised system is expected to
be suitable for applications in sensitive regions such
as tourism regions, coral reefs, islands, coasts, natural
parks etc. as well as remote settlements which experience difficulties to get connected to the central systems. Such applications can also help minimising the
environmental pollution in naturally valuable regions
that do not have the required infrastructure. Due to
the modular concept, an adaptation to various places
and climatic zones seems to be easily realisable.
The practical phase of the project has been completed
in October 2007. Data evaluation is being conducted.
The results will show whether such decentralised plants
can be operated optimally in terms of both economical
issues and quality of secondary products.
(BMBF)
Project partner:
• AT-Verband (Verband zur Förderung angepasster,
sozial- und umweltverträglicher Technologien
e.V.)
• Universität Stuttgart, Institut für Siedlungswasserbau, Wassergüte- und Abfallwirtschaft, Abteilung Siedlungsabfall
• Memos Membranes Modules Systems GmbH
• Bio-Sytem Selecta GmbH
• Iberotel Sarigerme Park, TUI AG - Umweltmanagement
Duration:
10/2003 – 03/2007
Contact:
Demet Antakyalı, M.Sc.
Internet:
www.iswa.uni-stuttgart.de/awt/en/research_current.html#modulaare
56
Independent Studies, Master- and Diploma Thesis
Untersuchung und vergleichende Bewertung der
Leistungsfähigkeit von radikalisch initiierten
oxidativen Verfahren zum Abbau persistenter
organischer Wasserschadstoffe aus Konzentraten der Nanofiltration
Einsatz von Ultrafiltrationsmembranen zur Aufbereitung von Druckgussabwässern
Sebastian Tews (Umweltschutztechnik) (2007)
Supervisor: Dr.-Ing. Jörg Krampe,
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Heidrun Steinmetz
Katrin Frey (Umweltschutztechnik) (2006)
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Kh. Krauth
Clogging and Fouling of Membrane Diffuses in
Activated Sludge Processes
Weiterentwicklung eines Verfahrens zur Phosphorrückgewinnung aus Klärschlämmen mit hohem Anteil an Aluminiumphospaten
Seth Agbottah (WASTE) (2006)
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Ulrich Rott
Mara Steinhilber (Hochschule Reutlingen) (2006)
Supervisor: Dipl.-Ing. Alexander Weidelener,
Prof. Dr. Siegfried Blösl, Hochschule Reutlingen
Application of Membrane Bioreactors in the Paper Industry
Untersuchungen zum Verblockungsverhalten
verschiedener Druckbelüftungssysteme
Jenny Maria Rojas (WASTE) (2007)
Lara Cifre Magraner (Uni Barcelona) (2006)
Supervisor: Dr.-Ing. Jörg Krampe, Prof.
Dr.-Ing. Ulrich Rott
A Lab-Scale Investigation for the Effects of a
Power Failure on Biological Wastewater Treatment Processes
Entwicklung und Probebetrieb einer halbtechnischen Versuchsanlage für die Festo Didactic
GmbH & Co. KG
Ghulam Mursid (WASTE) (2007)
Supervisor: Dipl.-Ing. Klaus Keicher,
Shanfeng Sun (Bauingeniuerwesen) (2006)
Modeling of a Trickling Filter with Focus on Biofilm Processes
Betriebsoptimierung einer rotierenden Ultrafiltrationsmembran zur Biomassenabtrennung
Iosif Mariakakis (WASTE) (2007)
Supervisor: Fabio Chui Pressinotti, M.Sc.,
Dr.-Ing. Jörg Krampe,
Kai Wu (Umweltschutztechnik) (2006)
Corrosion of Pipes in Water Supply and Waste
Water Disposal Systems
Betriebsprobleme mit feinblasigen Druckbelüftungssystemen auf kommunalen Kläranlagen in
Baden-Württemberg
Odusami Adedapo (WAREM) (2007)
Supervisor: Dr.-Ing. Gebhard Stotz,
Sabine Kaebert (Umweltschutztechnik) (2006)
Assessment of Wastewater and its Impact on Environment in Kathmandu Valley, Nepal,
Prabin K.C.(MIP) (2007)
Prof. Dr. Giselher Kaule, ILPÖ
57
Möglichkeiten zur Ertüchtigung der Abwasserentsorung im ländlichen Raum – Modellvorhaben in 2 chinesischen Dörfern der Stadt
Hangzhou
Yalin Fan (Umweltschutztechnik) (2007)
Recovery of Phosphorous as MAP (Struvite) from
Digested Sewage Sludge by Using Metal Separation with a Nafion Ion Exchange Membrane
Kenan Güney (WAREM) (2007)
The Influence of Particle Settling Velocity on Sizing Stormwater Sedimentation Tanks
Economical and Procedural Comparison of Different Combined Heat and Power Units (CHP) fort
he Use on Wastewater Treatment Plants
Omodara Olakunle (WAREM) (2006)
Supervisor: Dr. Gebhard Stotz, Prof. Dr. Silke Wieprecht
Maria M. Medellín Govea (WAREM) (2007)
Supervisor: Dipl.-Ing. Klaus Keicher,
Sustainable Urban Drainage System; Assessment of a Combined Filtration and Below Ground
Stormwater Detention and Utilisation System
A Case Study; Water Balance in Iberotel Sarigerme Park, Turkey and Evaluation of Wastewater
reuse Opportunities Using MEMOS Membrane Bioreactor
Dipl. Biol. Birgit Fabritius (WAREM) (2007)
Supervisor: Dr. Miklas Scholz (University of Edinburgh), Prof. Dr.-Ing. Heidrun Steinmetz
Variantenbetrachtung mit Hilfe der dynamischen
Simulation am Beispiel der Kläranlage Hirsau
Christian Locher (Umweltschutztechnik) (2007)
Supervisor: Prof. Dr.-Ing. Heidrun Steinmetz
58
A. Baran Özcan (WAREM) (2007)
Supervisor: Demet Antakyali,
Potential and restrictions for sustainable sanitation concepts
Imelda Leiwakabessy (WASTE) (2007)
Supervisor: Prof. Dr.-Ing. Heidrun Steinmetz
Contact
Dr.-Ing. Jörg Krampe (Akad. Oberrat)
Laboratory
Tel.: ++49 (0) 711 / 685 - 65420
Fax: ++49 (0) 711 / 685 - 67637
Chief:
Siegfried Schmitz
Research Assistants
Chemical technical employee
Tel.: ++49 (0) 711 / 685 - 65439
Fax: ++49 (0) 711 / 685 - 63729
Harald Duvinage
Bärbel Huber
Harald Müller
Tel.: 0711 / 685 - 65410
Fax: 0711 / 685 - 63729
Dipl.-Ing. Alexander Weidelener
Tel.: ++49 (0) 711 / 685 - 63740
Fax: ++49 (0) 711 / 685 - 63729
Demet Antakyalı, M.Sc.
Tel.: ++49 (0) 711 / 685 - 63895
Fax: ++49 (0) 711 / 685 - 63729
Fabio Chui Pressinotti, M.Sc.
Tel.: ++49 (0) 711 / 685 - 65445
Fax: ++49 (0) 711 / 685 - 63729
Dipl.-Ing. Christian Locher
Tel.: ++49 (0) 711 / 685 - 65422
Fax: ++49 (0) 711 / 685 - 63729
Iosif Mariakakis, M.Sc.
Tel.: ++49 (0) 711 / 685 - 65405
Fax: ++49 (0) 711 / 685 - 63729
59
60
o. Prof. Dr. -Ing. Martin Kranert
Dr. -Ing. K. Fischer
SIA
Hazardous Waste and Contaminated Sites SOA
Prof. Dr. -Ing. E. Thomanetz
Measuring in Air Pollution Control TAL
Dr. -Ing. M. Reiser
Biological Air Purification ALR
Prof. Dr. rer. nat. K.-H. Engesser
61
The aim of research and education at the Chair of Waste Management and Emissions is to assure resource
conservation and climate protection in a sustainable
manner. Within this context, material flows that become waste as result of the use of resources, their
treatment processes, along with the emissions from
waste treatment plants, are considered. The topic
of biological waste air purification is dealt in a special department within the chair. Considering that sustainable waste management gives priority to actions
that counteract the generation of waste, fundamental
waste management processes, which serve as cornerstones for sustainable resource management, span
from the generation of waste and its avoidance, over
the recovery of materials and energy from waste, up
to the environmentally sound disposal of wastes and
the control of the associated emissions.
Education and research encompass a holistic approach
to waste management, from waste avoidance, to the
valorisation of wastes, up to the environmentally
sound disposal of residual waste. Beside the lectures
offered for Civil Engineering students, courses are specially tailored for the German taught Environmental
Engineering program, and the international Master of
Science program „Air Quality Control, Solid Waste and
Waste Water Process Engineering – WASTE”.
Research is focused on the following fields:
• Modelling, simulation and evaluation of waste management systems and concepts taking into consideration resource conservation and climate protection.
• Biotechnological waste treatment processes (composting, anaerobic digestion), concentrating specially on process modelling and simulation of anaerobic systems, and regenerative energy recovery
from organic waste and renewable resources.
• Examination and evaluation of decentralized disposal systems for the joint treatment of solid
waste and wastewater, as well as energy recovery
(zero waste and wastewater processes e.g. tourist
areas, islands).
• Infrastructure development for future megacities,
particularly in developing and emerging economies. Scientific accompaniment of the implementation of sustainable material management systems and waste treatment technologies.
• Analysis of wastes and emissions, including contactless measurement of methane emissions from
surfaces.
62
The Chair of Waste Management and Emissions is a
member of several competence networks e.g. Competence Centre Environmental Engineering (Kompetenzzentrum für Umweltschutz Region Stuttgart (KURS
e.V.)) and several standardization committees and scientific advisory boards, and a result has established
numerous contacts and cooperation agreements with
several research institutions, public waste management authorities and private enterprises. Cooperation
with foreign universities and research institutions have
been established through international research projects.
Activities in Education
The Chair’s staff, including lecturers, researchers and
external readers, holds lectures covering several study
courses, and supervises students from different academic programmes:
German taught Diploma “Civil Engineering” and “Environmental Engineering”:
• Core course “Sanitary Engineering (and Waste
Disposal)”, Subarea: Solid Waste Management
• Specialization field “Solid Waste Management” (including 13 spezialized lectures, laboratory work,
seminars)
International Master Programme „Infrastructure Planning“:
• Solid waste Management
• Ecology III
International Master Programme „WAREM“:
• Waste Disposal
International Master Programme „WASTE“ (Established in 2002):
•
•
•
•
•
•
Biological Waste Treatment
Landfill
Waste (Practical Work)
Waste Management in Low and Middle Income Countries
• Design of Solid Waste Treatment Plants
• Chemistry of Solid Waste
• Emissions from Solid Waste Treatment Plants
Seminars, laboratory work, design exercises, and excursions supplement the lectures.
In order to comply with the new Bachelor / Master
scheme, all study programmes have been restructured
and modularized, and these changes will be introduced
from the winter semester 2008/09 onwards.
waste management within the scope of the distance
education programme “Water and Environment” offered by the Bauhaus-Universität Weimar. Finally, in
collaboration with the Turkish Environmental Ministry,
the tradition of the German-Turkish Conferences has
been revived.
International
Cooperation agreements in research and education
have established with the Institute of Environmental
Engineering and Biotechnology at the Tampere University of Technology (Finland) as well as the Dokuz Eylül
University at Izmir (Turkey), the University of Salerno
(Italy), the University of Thessaloniki (Greece) and the
Technical University of Temesvar (Romania).
Furthermore, several staff members of the Chair are
active as associated lecturers at other institutions
worldwide.
Conferences
Beyond research and academic activities, the Chair
is involved in the continuing education and advanced
training of professionals. Conferences organized by
the Chair include the “Baden-Wuerttembergischen
Waste Days”, hosted together with the Environmental
Ministry of the federal state of Baden-Wuerrtemberg;
the waste management colloquia; the landfill seminars, in association with the Environmental Protection
Agency of the federal state of Baden-Wuerrtemberg;
continuing education courses in cooperation with the
Society of Engineers for Water Management, Waste
Management and Agricultural Infrastructure (Bund der
Ingenieure für Wasserwirtschaft, Abfallwirtschaft und
Kulturbau (BWK)); as well as lectures in the field of
Committees
Beside their academic activities, staff members are
also involved in several committees, including academic councils, professional associations and advisory
boards. These include the German Institute of Stadardization (DIN), the Association of German Engineers
(VDI e.V.), the Society of Engineers for Water Management, Waste Management and Agricultural Infrastructure (Bund der Ingenieure für Wasserwirtschaft, Abfallwirtschaft und Kulturbau (BWK)), Working Group
for the Valorization of Municipal Solid Waste (Arbeitskreis zur Nutzbarmachung von Siedlungsabfällen (ANS
e.V.)), German Association for Water, Wastewater and
Waste (DWA e.V.), Association for Quality Control of
Compost derived from Sewage Sludge (Vereinigung
zur Gütesicherung von Abwasserschlammkomposten
(VGVA e.V.)), the ORBIT Association, the European
Compost Network (ECN), and the Federal Compost
Quality Association (Bundesgütegemeinschaft Kompost (BGK)).
Additionally, the chairholder serves as referee for several research funding institutions, scholarship foundations and accreditation agencies. Furthermore, several
staff members play a leading role in the Competence
Centre “Environmental Engineering” (Kompetenzzentrum für Umweltschutz Region Stuttgart (KURS e.V.)).
Dissertations
Agricultural Waste Products as Filter Media an
as Cover Materials in Biofilters for Mediterranean
Countries, 2006
Doctoral candidate: Emine Bolcu Özcan
Principal examiner: Prof. Dr.-Ing. Martin Kranert
Secondary examiner: Prof. Dr. rer.nat. Johannes Jager
Secondary examiner: Prof. Dr.-Ing. Oktay Tabasaran
Title: Agricultural Waste Products as Filter Media and
as Cover Materials in Biofilters for Mediterranean
Countries, 2006 Forschungs- und Entwicklungssinstitut für Industrie- und Siedlungswasserwirtschaft sowie
Abfallwirtschaft e.V. Stuttgart (FEI). München: Oldenbourg Industrieverlag GmbH, 2005. (Stuttgarter Berichte zur Abfallwirtschaft; Bd.88) 242 S., 66 Abb., 47
Tab., ISBN 3-8356-3113-6
63
Co-Supervision of Dissertations and Habilitations
Aussagefähigkeiten von Ökobilanzen - Sensitivitätsanalyse der Wirkungsabschätzung im Rahmen der ökologischen Bewertung an Beispielen
der Klärschlammentsorgung in Nordrhein-Westfalen.
Jochen Schubert
Supervisor: Prof. Dr.-Ing. Renatus Widmann, Universität Duisburg-Essen (2006)
Dissertation
Regelungsverfahren für die anaerobe Behandlung von organischen Abfällen.
Jan Liebetrau
Supervisor: Prof. Dr.-Ing. habil. Werner Bidlingmaier,
Bauhaus Universität Weimar (2006)
Dissertation
Development and application of a method to calculate optimal recycling rates with the help of
cost-benefit scenarios
Markus Hiebel
Dissertation
Methanisierung stapelbarer Biomasse in diskontinuierlich betriebenen Feststofffermentationsanlagen
Sigrid Kusch
Supervisor: Prof. Dr. Thomas Jungbluth, Universität
Hohenheim
Dissertation
64
Sickerkreislauf zur Behandlung von Sickerwässern der aerob-biologischen Restabfallbehandlung
Peter Degener
Supervisor: Prof. Dr.-Ing. Peter Spillmann, Universität
Rostock (2007)
Dissertation
Solare
Konvektionstrocknung
wasserreicher
organischer Reststoffe am Beispiel von Klärschlamm
Dr. sc. agr. Markus Bux
Supervisor: Prof. Dr. J. Müller, Universität Hohenheim
(2006)
Habilitation
Neue Ansätze zur Beschreibung biologischer
Systeme in Abwasser- und Abfallbehandlungsanlagen: Methoden und Anwendung
Dr. rer.nat. Martin Denecke
Habilitation
Publications
Bidlingmaier, W., Fricke, K., Kranert, M. (Hrsg.) (2007):
Getrennte Erfassung von Bioabfall und Wertstoffen.
CD. ORBIT e.V. Weimar 2007.
Kranert, M., Clauß, D. (2006): Abfallmanagement.
In: Bullinger (Hrsg.): Technologieführer, S. 518-521,
Springer Berlin, Heidelberg, New York 2006.
Cimatoribus C. (2006): Capitolo 7. Scelta dello schema di controllo: il processo Tennesse-Eastman. In:
Trotta A., Sistemi di controllo nei processi chimici, Ed.
Progetto, Padova, 2006.
Kranert, M., Clauß, D. (2006): Abfallströme seit Juni
2005 - Übersicht und Entwicklungen, 76. Darmstädter
Seminar Abfalltechnik an der TU Darmstadt, veröffentlicht im Tagungsband Schriftenreihe WAR Nr. 173, , S.
13-22, Darmstadt 2006.
Cimatoribus, C., Kranert, M. (2006): Parameter estimation for ADM 1: Application to a full scale plant for
sewage sludge treatment ORBIT Kongress 2006, 13.
- 15. September 2006, Weimar, in: Kraft et al (Hrsg.)
Proceedings of ORBIT, , S. 809 – 814, Weimar 2006.
Cimatoribus, C., Kranert, M. (2007): A parameter estimation protocol for anaerobic digestion. Fortschritt
beim Biogas - Progress in Biogas, September 19-21,
2007, Hohenheim, Germany, Proceedings S. 141-146,
2007.
Doedens, H., Kranert, M. et al. (2007): Status der MBA
in Deutschland, Müll und Abfall, 12/2007, S. 576-579,
2007.
Esacalante, N., Kranert, M., Hafner, G. (2007): Environmental evaluation of household waste management
systems in Southern Germany. Sardinia 2007, 11. International Waste Management and Landfill Symposium, Cagliari, 1.-5.10.2007. In: Cossu et al (Hrsg.),
Proceedings and executive summaries, CISA, S. 739740 und 12 S. (CD), 2007.
Faiella M., Cimatoribus C. (2007): Trockenfermentation in Boxenfermentern. Substratmischung und Gasausbeute. Wasser und Abfall 9: S.30-33, 2007.
Fischer, K. (2006): Sustainable Solid waste Management, Int. Tagung 4 Motoren Europas zur Nachhaltigen
Entwicklung, Skhirat, Marokko, 16.-17.01.2006.
Hafner, G., Kranert, M. et al. (2007): MODULAARE,
integrated modules for high efficient waste water purification, waste treatment and regenerative energy
recovery in tourism resorts. Sardinia 2007, 11. International Waste Management and Landfill Symposium,
Cagliari, 1.-5.10.2007. In: Cossu et al (Hrsg.), Proceedings and executive summaries, CISA, S. 875-876 und
11 S. (CD), 2007.
Kranert, M., Fischer, K., Hafner, G., Esacalante, N.
(2006): Neue Ansätze zur Umgestaltung der Hausmüllentsorgung. In: Hrgs.: Universität Stuttgart Wechselwirkungen, Jahrbuch aus Lehre und Forschung, Stuttgart 2006 S. 22-35, 2006.
Kranert, M. et al (2006): „Abfallentsorgung mit geringeren Lasten für Haushalte, weitgehender Abfallverwertung und dauerhaft umwltverträglicher Abfallbeseitigung - Konzepte zur langfristigen Umgestaltung der
heutigen Hausmüllentsorgung“, Forschungsbericht,
Umweltministerium Baden-Württemberg, Reihe Abfall
Band 78, Stuttgart 2006.
Kranert, M., Fischer, K., Esacalante, N. (2006): Ökologische Bewertung der Sammelsysteme für Haushaltsabfälle. 6. Sächsischer Kreislaufwirtschaftstag
des Sächsischen Staatsministeriums für Umwelt und
Landwirtschaft, Freiberg 6. April 2006, veröffentlicht
in den Tagungsunterlagen, Freiberg 2006.
Kranert, M. (2006): Technologies for aerobic and anaerobic management of organic and residual waste
1. Baltische Bioabfallkonferenz des ECN, Tallin, 23.24.05.2006, Tallin (Estonia) Tagungsunterlagen ECN
Weimar 2006.
Kranert, M. (2006): Strategies for the reduction of
environmental impacts of organic waste treatment
plants, 1. Baltische Bioabfallkonferenz des ECN, 23.24.05.2006, Tallin (Estonia). Veröffentlicht in den Tagungsunterlagen, ECN Weimar 2006.
Kranert, M., Hafner, G., Esacalante, N. (2006): New
Strategies and evaluation of waste management systems - the example of Baden-Wuerttemberg, ECOBALTICA 2006 St. Petersburg 21.-23. Juni 2006, veröffentlicht in den Tagungsunterlagen, St. Petersburg 2006.
Kranert, M. (2006): Ways towards sustainable waste
management systems. 2nd International Waste Management and Recycling Fair and Conference, Recycling-Istanbul-Konferenz, 22. - 25. Juni 2006, veröffentlicht in den Tagungsunterlagen, Istanbul 2006
(2006): Zukunft der getrennten Erfassung von Abfällen. 67. Landesgruppen- und Fachtagung des VKS im
VKU, 20.-21.07.06 Heidelberg, veröffentlicht im Tagungsband, V9 S. 1-S.19, Heidelberg 2006
Kranert, M., Kusch, S., Oechsner, H., Jungbluth, T.
65
(2006): Aufkonzentrierung des Prozesswassers bei der
Feststoffvergärung in Boxenfermentern. Korrespondenz Abwasser, Heft 8, S. 804-811, 2006.
Kranert, M., BERKNER (2006): Compost from Sewage - Status and results of quality assurance in Germany ORBIT 2006, International Conference, Weimar
12.-15. September 2006, veröffentlicht in: Kraft et.al
(Hrsg.): Proceedings ORBIT 2006, Verlag ORBIT e.V,
S. 571-578., Weimar 2006
Kranert, M., Hafner, G., Esacalante, N. (2006): Role
and evalation of biological waste treatment in the frame of new waste management strategies ORBIT 2006,
International Conference, Proceedings, ORBIT-Verlag,
Weimar (2006), Seite 2047-1056 (reviewed article)
(2006): Neue konzeptionelle Ansätze zur Hausabfallentsorgung. Wasser und Abfall 10-2006, S. 20 – 25;
2006.
Kranert, M., Hafner, G., Schultheis, A., Steinbach, D.,
Krampe, J., Antakyali, D., (2006): Projekt Modulaare
- integrierte Module zur hocheffizienten Abwasserreinigung, Abfallbehandlung und regenerativen Energiegewinnung in Tourismusressorts. Vortrag auf: 1.
Aachener Kongress Dezentrale Infrastruktur 17. - 18.
Oktober 2006, Aachen veröffentlicht in den Tagungsunterlagen, 2006.
Kranert, M., Hafner, G., Esacalante, N. (2006): Abfallentsorgung mit geringen Lasten für Haushalte. Regionales Abfallforum des EVS, Otzenhausen (November
2006) veröffentlicht in den Tagungsunterlagen, Saarbrücken 2006.
(2006): Neue strategische Ansätze zur Hausabfallentsorgung - Situation und Bewertung - Depotech
2006, Montanuniversität Leoben (A), 22.-24. November 2006, In: Lorber et al. (Hrsg.) Abfall und Deponietechnik, Abfallwirtschaft, Altlasten, VGE-Verlag Essen
S. 137 – 144, 2006.
Kranert, M., Steinbach, D., Schultheis, A., Krampe, J.,
Antakyali, D., Hafner, G. (2006): Integrierte Module
zur hocheffizienten Abwasserreinigung, Abfallbehandlung und regenerativen Energiegewinnung in Tourismusressorts. Vortrag auf der Türkisch-deutschen Abfalltagung 2006 - Biologische Abfallbehandlung, Izmir
(TR), 14. - 16. Dezember 2006, veröffentlicht im Tagungsband, Hrsg.: Erdin et al. Dokuz Eylül Universitesi, Izmir, S. 147-162, 2006.
66
Kranert, M., Gottschall, R. et al. (2007): Vergleich
der energetischen Verwertung und Kompostierung
mit stofflicher Verwertung von Grünabfällen unter
den Aspekten des Primärressouceneinsatzes und der
CO2-Bilanz.- In: Flamme et al (Hrsg.): Münsteraner
Schriften zur Abfallwirtschaft, 10. Münsteraner Abfallwirtschaftstage , 5.-7. Februar 2007, Münster, S. 162
– 168, 2007.
Kranert, M., Hafner, G., Gottschall, R., Bruns, C.
(2007): Greenwaste treatment options; impacts on
soil and climate change. International conference sustainable use of biomass, Dublin (Ireland), 19.-21.
February 2007, veröffentlicht in den Tagungsunterlagen ECN Weimar 2007.
Kranert, M. (2007): Composting-status, trend and
marketing. FICCI Environment Conclave 2007, 20.21. Februar/New Delhi, India. Veröffentlicht in den Tagungsunterlagen, 12 Seiten, New Delhi: 2007
Kranert, M., Hafner, G., Steinbach, D., Schultheis, A.,
Krampe, J., Antakyali, D. (2007): Modulaare - Integrated modules for high efficient wastewater purification,
waste treatment and regenorative energy recovery in
tourism ressorts. GeTUnivation German-Turkish University Conference der HRK Yök BMBF, Braunschweig
26.-28.02.2007. Veröffentlicht in den Tagungsunterlagen. Braunschweig 2007.
Kranert, M., Clauß, D. (2007): Entwicklung der Gewerbeabfallströme und Kapazitäten 40. Essener Tagung
für Wasser- und Abfallwirtschaft, 14.-16. März 2007
in Aachen, In: Pinnekamp (Hrsg.): Gewässerschutz,
Wasser, Abwasser Band 207, S. 50/1 - 50/6, Aachen
2007.
Kranert, M., Berkner, I., Erdin, E. (2007): Compost
from sewage sludge - a product with quality assurance
system. IWA-Conference Facing Sludge Diversities
28.-30. March 2007. Antalya. In: Filibeli et al. Facing
Sludge diversities. Proceedings Antalya (Turkey) S.
681-688, 2007.
(2007): Comparison of the energy recovery and usage
of compost from green waste under aspects of primary
ressources, 2nd BOKU Waste Conference, Vienna 16.19. April 2007. Veröffentlicht im Tagungsband Wien
2007.
Kranert, M. (2007): Ziele 2020 - Abfallwirtschaft im
Umbruch. Deutsch-Französisches Statusseminar EULife-Projekt OPTIGEDE. 29.06.2007 in Böblingen,
veröffentlicht in den Tagungsunterlagen (12 Seiten),
2007
Kranert, M., Fischer, K. (2007): Export von Know-how
im Bereich Umwelttechnik nach Lateinamerika, Asien
und Afrika. In: Stuttgart Wissenschaften - Lösungen
für die „Eine Welt“ Tagung am 03.07.2007, StuttgartHohenheim, veröffentlicht im Tagungsband, 2007.
Kranert, M. (2007): Assessment of new strategic
approaches for the treatment of household waste.
Deutsch-Brasilianisches Symposium „Nachhaltige Entwicklung“, Freiburg 22.-27.07.2007. In: Hildebrand et
al, Tagungsband - Book of Abstracts, Brasilien-Zentrum Tübingen, S. 66, 2007.
Kranert, M., Hafner, G. (2007): Möglichkeiten der Ausschleusung von Ersatzbrennstoffen aus Restabfällen.
Berliner Abfallwirtschafts- und Energiekonferenz 24.25.09.2007, Berlin. In: Thomé-Kozmiensky (Hrsg.):
Energie aus Abfall, TK-Verlag, Berlin S. 115-123,
2007.
(2007): Comparison of the energy recovery and usage
of compost from green waste: What is the effect on
primary resources? Sardinia 2007, 11. International
Waste Management and Landfill Symposium, Cagliari, 1.-5.10.2007. In: Cossu et al (Hrsg.), Proceedings
and executive summaries, CISA, S. 55 und 10 S.
(CD),2007.
Kranert, M. (2007): Bewertung neuer Konzepte zur
Hausabfallentsorgung. In: Bilitweski et al (Hrsg.):
Müll-Handbuch, KZ 510, E. Schmidt Verlag, Berlin
10/2007, S. 1-20
Kranert, M. (2007): Strategische Ansätze zur Abfallwirtschaft in Deutschland. Deutsch-Französisches Kolloquium, OPTIGEDE, 25.-26.10.2007, Compiegne (F).
Veröffentlicht im Tagungsband, 10 Seiten, 2007.
Kranert, M. (2007): Wissenschaftliche Arbeiten im Modulaare-Konzept. Modulaare Workshop 30.-31.10.2007
in Sarigerme Park (TR), veröffentlicht in den Tagungsunterlagen (15 S.), 2007.
Kranert, M., Clauß, D. (2007): Collection and Recycling
of packaging from households - separate or mixed with
other waste? 5th International Packaging Congress,
Izmir (TR), 22.-24.11.2007. In: Chamber of Chemical
Engineers Ege Branch, Izmir (TR), Proceedings S. 936944, 2007.
Kranert, M., Hafner, G. (2007): Beurteilung neuer strategischer Ansätze zur Hausabfallentsorgung unter den
Aspekten der Ressourceneffizienz und Klimarelevanz.
68. Informationsgespräche des ANS, 5.-6.12.2007,
Bonn In: Fricke, Bergs et al (Hrsg.): Kosten- und Res-
sourceneffizienz in der Abfallwirtschaft ORBIT e.V.,
Weimar, S. 65-74, 2007.
Pokryvalio, A., Wald, S., Veldhuizen, E.M.van, Reiser, M., et. al. (2006): High-Power Pulsed Corona for
Treatment of Pollutants in Heterogeneous Media. IEEE
Transactions on Plasma Science, Vol. 34, No.5, 1731,
New York 2006.
Reiser, M. (2006): Einsatz von Niedertemperaturplasma-Verfahren zur Abluftreinigung, Vortrag bei „Fachgespräche Gerüche erfassen – bewerten – vermeiden“,
HLUG, 10.10.2006, Wiesbaden. (http://www.hlug.de/
medien/abfall/bioabfall/fachgespraeche.htm)
Reiser, M., Zarra, T. (2007) Geruchsmessung mit allen
Mitteln – wie aufwendig muss die Analytik von Geruchsemissionen sein? VDI-Berichte Nr. 1995, VDI-Verlag,
Düsseldorf, S.277 – 280, 2007.
Reiser, M. (2007): TDLAS zur Bestimmung von Methan-Emissionen bei Mülldeponien. Vortrag im umwelttechnischen Seminar am PCI, Universität Heidelberg, 2.02.2007.
Reiser, M.; Homans, W.J. (2007): Die Problematik von
Geruchsmessungen in der Luftreinhaltung. In: Baumbach, G. et. al. (Hrsg.), ALS-Kolloqium (Arbeitsgruppe Luftreinhaltung der Universität Stuttgart), Oktober
2007, S. 63 – 72, 2007.
Thomanetz, E.:„Entsorgung von Sonderabfällen nach
dem Stand der Technik“. Vortrag und Veröffentlichung
auf dem 30. Deutsch-Türkischen Abfallseminar, Konak
Izmir, Türkei 25.-27. Mai 2005
Thomanetz, E.:„Modern Aspects of Hazardous Waste
Management in Europe“ Vortrag und Veröffentlichung
auf der Recycling Istanbul 2005. 01.07.2005
Thomanetz, E.:„Mechanismen der Selbsterhitzung und
Selbstentzündung organischer Materialien“ Vortrag
und Veröffentlichung auf der Tagung: Ersatzbrennstoffe - Herstellung und Verwertung. 22./23.Nov.2005, TK
Verlag Berlin.
Thomanetz, E.:„Underground Storage of Hazardous
Waste – a Sustainable Pathway on Waste Management“. Vortrag und Veröffentlichung auf dem DAADSymposium: Landfill Technique – Presence and Future,
Universität von Sarajewo. 22.-23. Mai 2006. Sammelband der Manuskripte
Thomanetz, E.:„Principles and Guidelines of Solid Waste Management in Germany“. Vortrag und Veröffentlichung auf dem DAAD-Symposium: Landfill Technique
67
– Presence and Future, Universität von Sarajewo. 22.23. Mai 2006
Thomanetz, E.:„Salt Preservation of High-TOC-Waste for Underground Storage“. Im Tagungsband zur 8.
Depotech Konferenz, Montanuniversität Leoben/Österreich, 22.-24. Nov. 2006. VGE-Verlag GmbH Essen
(2006)
Thomanetz, E., Rapf, M. and Karapanagiotis, L.: „TOCbio as a new parameter in the decision making process
in waste management“. Vortrag und Veröffentlichung
auf dem 31. Deutsch-Türkischen Abfallseminar, Izmir,
Türkei 14.-15. Dezember 2006. Sammelband der Manuskripte
Thomanetz, E.:„Problems on Sampling for Solid Waste
Analysis and Solutions“. Vortrag und Veröffentlichung
auf dem 31. Deutsch-Türkischen Abfallseminar, Izmir,
Türkei 14.-15. Dezember 2006. Sammelband der Manuskripte
Thomanetz, E.:„Modern Hazardous Waste Management for Columbia“, Presentation and Publication,
Special Lecture in the Universidad de los Andes, Bogota, 22.November 2007
Steinbach, D., Schultheis, A., Kranert, M., Krampe, J.,
Antakyali, D., Hafner, G. (2006): Modulaare - an innovative technology for waste and wastewater treatment
in decentralized operations as a part of sustainable
development in resort hotels and tourism centres ORBIT 2006, International Conference, Weimar 12.-15.
September 2006, veröffentlicht in: Kraft et.al (Hrsg.):
Proceedings ORBIT 2006, Verlag ORBIT e.V., S. 721728, Weimar 2006.
Terrel-Gutierrez, M., Kranert, M., Reiser, M. (2006):
Methane Emissions Monitoring in the Environment
using a Portable TDLAS. In: Anwendungen und Trends
in der Optischen Analysenmesstechnik, 5. Konferenz
über Optische Analysenmesstechnik, 26. – 27.09.2006,
Mannheim, VDI-Berichte 1959, VDI-Verlag, Düsseldorf
2006.
Zarra, T., Naddeo, V., Belgiorno, V., Reiser, M., Kranert, M. (2007) Odour monitoring of small wastewater treatment plant located in sensitive environment,
angenommen für 8th IWA Conference on Small Water
and Wastewater Systems and 2nd specialized Conference on Decentralized Water and Wastewater International Network in Coimbatore, India, from February
6th - 9th 2008.
68
Contact
Tel.: ++49 (0)711/685-65500 oder 65495
Fax: ++49 (0)711/685-65460
Secretary´s office
Gudrun Heinl
Tel.: ++49 (0)711/685-65495
Fax: ++49 (0)711/685-65460
Solid Waste
Tel.: ++49 (0)711/685-65427
Fax: ++49 (0)711/685-65460
Tel: ++49 (0)711/685-63709
Fax:++49 (0)711/685-65460
Measuring in Air Pollution Control
Tel.: ++49 (0)711/685-65416
Fax: ++49 (0)711/685-63729
Prof. Dr. rer. nat. habil. Karl-Heinrich Engesser
Tel: ++49 (0)711/685-63734
Fax: ++49 (0)711/685-63785
69
Research topics:
• Waste avoidance
• Development of new waste management strategies
• Simulation of solid waste management systems
• Collection and transport of solid
waste
• Recycling of valuable materials
• Biological treatment: composting
and fermentation
• New measurement methods for
the analysis of odour, dust and
germs
• Environmental impact assessment of earth burial and cremation
• Decentralized waste management systems in tourist regions
• Physical and chemical analysis of
solid waste
In our job, we’re on top of the pile
Waste is a potentially valuable material in the wrong place. This statement is the central principle of many activities of our municipal solid waste section. Focal points are avoidance, utilisation and environmentally friendly
treatment of municipal and commercial waste.
Both ecological and economical aspects are dealt with. It has been shown, e.g., that avoidance of waste in
commercial operations can be financially interesting for the companies concerned. We are intensively busy with
the question of how waste management of the future may look. Some questions here are: which waste types
should continue to be collected separately? Which mixtures of substances can be separated using new technical
methods? Can part of the waste be economically transported by rail? Several research projects are occupied
with the treatment of biological waste, among others with the questions: do pollutants exist in organic wastes?
Are these pollutants reduced during composting? What energy potential is concealed in organic waste, if they
are used in fermentation plants to generate biogas or employed in biomass power stations? For the creation of
waste management concepts for communities or counties, the simulation and modelling of waste streams and
utilisation techniques play a major role. Because even humans can become a waste problem from an ecological
point of view, we have carried out investigations on the ecological effects of burials and cremations. For a number
of communities, our investigations on decentral concepts for waste treatment in tourist regions are of particular
interest. These island solutions allow processes for waste and sewage treatment to be combined with the generation of service water and power. Decentral and adapted technology is of prime importance for the sustainable
development of third-world and fast-developing countries. This is why we have established cooperation and joint
projects with institutions in Brazil, Costa Rica, Egypt, Turkey, China and other countries.
70
Solid Waste Management SIA
Projects
Waste disposal with smaller loads
The objective of the large-scale study was the development of concepts for long-term optimisation and
reformation of present domestic waste disposal. In
this connection existing environmental standards were
to be maintained on the one hand and waste management was to be simplified especially for households
on the other hand. The achievements are based on
data concerning the waste management systems in
ten selected counties in Baden-Württemberg. The particular actual state as well as typical waste management concepts, which usually exist in the regions of
Baden-Württemberg, were implied as different versions in the examination. Further versions, which were
inspected, include the alternative collection systems
which are presently discussed in professional circles,
for example the Yellow-in-Grey-Concepts (German:
Gelb-in-Grau–Konzepte GiG) as well as the dry bin for
recyclable materials. They are to be considered seeing that today there are technical systems for the separation of materials available on the market which
could partly dispense with the separate collection of
materials. Furthermore observations were made to
find out to what extent complete material recycling
is to be aspired or whether energy recovery, e.g. of
parts of light packaging, might make sense in economical as well as in ecological respect. In this context
versions were investigated which partly aim at energy
recovery of light packaging. As an example the use
of energy recovery as derived fuel in cement works
was inspected. Against the background of the waste
management aim for 2020 formulated by the Federal
Environment Ministry in 1999, waste is no longer to be
deposited aboveground and so, by this time, all municipal waste in Germany is to be utilised completely
and sustainably. The intensified quantitative and qualitative avoidance of the amount and the harmfulness of
the waste that is to be treated is a significant measure
for the achievement of these aims and is especially to
be guaranteed by the area of production. In this context the instrument of responsibility for products is to
be developed further whereby the closing of cycles of
matter and the introduction of new recycling technologies can also be forwarded. To achieve this objective
waste recycling has be extended even more. Especially
reutilisation and material recycling of the substances
mentioned above is to be given the preference. However the enlargement of energy recovery of non-recyclable products is not be enforced. This also involves
the advancement of treatment methods in order to
attain preferably completely and high-grade recycled
waste or substances. In future, waste management
measures in Germany will increasingly be coupled with
economical criteria, yet maintaining a high standard
in environmental compatibility. Seen from a higher level, future waste management will be dominated by
two significant trends. One can reckon that resources
(materials and energy) will increasingly run short due
to the economic revival of developing countries, e.g.
District Type C
Costs per inhabitant [€/a]
71
in Asia. Therefore waste management will become
essentially important in the future as a measure for
the preservation of resources. Another major aspect is
climate change. Waste management can make a contribution here as well by avoiding gases relevant to the
climate during processes of treatment and disposal of
waste and by simultaneously using the energy within
the waste including regenerative shares. In the long
run waste management measures will be evaluated in
how far they can cover these two aims.
Umweltministerium Baden-Württemberg
Fachtechnische Begleitung: Landesanstalt für Umwelt, Messungen und Naturschutz Baden-Württemberg (LUBW)
Project partner:
Lkr. Böblingen, Enzkreis, Hohenlohekreis, Lkr. Lörrach, Lkr. Ludwigsburg, Neckar-Odenwald-Kreis,
Ortenaukreis, Schwarzwald-Baar-Kreis,
Sigmaringen, Zollernalbkreis
Duration:
2004-2006
Contact:
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Martin Kranert
Dipl.-Ing. Gerold Hafner
Results of LCA related to MSW
Value per inhabitant per tonne MSW
72
FORWAST: Project full title: Overall mapping of
physical flows and stocks of resources to forecast waste quantities in Europe and identify lifecycle environmental stakes of waste prevention
and recycling.
Project summary:
The FORWAST project intends to provide:
• an inventory of the historically cumulated physical
stock of materials in EU-27 (EU-25 plus Romania and Bulgaria), and to forecast the expected
amounts of waste generated, per resource category, in the next 25 years.
• an assessment of the life-cycle wide environmental impacts from different scenarios of waste prevention, recycling and waste treatment in the EU27.
The work programme is designed to favour the synergy between these objectives, by applying a generic model for material flows, stocks and emissions.
The proposed model is an environmentally extended,
physical, quasi-dynamic input-output model. This model combined with a robust method of Material Flow
Analysis will guide the mining of new data, which is
the main focus of the project. It will take place as a
combination of “in-depth” studies in selected countries
where high-quality statistics are available, and an EUwide effort consolidating and calibrating different statistical and technical data sources.
The model will be applied to historical time series of
resource inflows into the economy, and calibrated to
known quantities of waste generation, the core question being to estimate coefficients for stocks life time
for the different materials (sand/gravel, wood, metals,
paper, etc.) and interpret dynamically the causes of
the variation of stocks (accumulation versus waste generation or dispersive losses).
The policy relevance of the project will be strengthened by the definition of 25 years horizon scenarios of
waste generation combined with technological options
for waste prevention and recycling. The waste with the
higher stakes to reduce environmental pressures will
be assessed trough simulations.
It is expected that the FORWAST project will bring a
new insight into Life Cycle Thinking, and above all,
more confidence in the use of environmental indicators in natural resources and waste management policies.
Project objective(s):
The FORWAST project intends to provide comprehensive and validated data on the material flows, stocks
and environmental pressures coming from the different sectors of the life cycle of resources to waste.
In the wider context of sustainable development and
environment protection, the connections between the
use of natural resources, their accumulation in economy and waste generation and management need to be
more clearly understood. Waste management policies
may affect potentially all sectors. Their influence on
the use of natural resources must also account for the
potential recovery of these resources from stocks, the
technical and economical constraints of recycling, the
side effects on the by-products associated with natural
resources, and at the end, the global balance of the
environmental costs and benefits.
The current uncertainties on the environmental stakes
of waste policies are pre-dominantly due to a lack of
real physical data on the quantities and qualities of
flows of resources, either natural or coming from waste recovery. Particularly important for the latter is to
account for the actual stocks of these resources that
will end-up in the waste flows in the future.
The objectives of the proposed FORWAST project are
therefore to:
• Provide an inventory of the historically cumulated
physical stock of materials in EU-27 (EU-25 plus
Romania and Bulgaria), and to forecast the expected amounts of waste generated, per resource
category, in the next 25 years.
• Provide an assessment of the life-cycle wide environmental impacts from different scenarios of
waste prevention, recycling and waste treatment
in the EU-27.
With this STREP proposal, sound experiences on resources and waste management are combined in order
to give direct decision and policy support. The partnership experience is mainly characterised by:
• European and National experience in policy support;
• The access to data from various countries (particularly East and South);
• Availability of a successfully applied assessment
tool (NAMEA, MFA), along with more insight in
processes for various waste streams (AWAST simulator);
73
• An extensive network in resources and waste management.
The project aims at accounting for all sectors in the
economy (the figure below shows a possible conceptual organisation of the system) the flows, stocks and
linked environmental pressures to increase the reliability of source data used in “Life Cycle Approaches” to
waste management issues.
Waste policies influence the „primary production“ due
to recycling and prevention, the „manufacturing and
consumption“ stages due to recycling, reuse and prevention and the „waste management“ sector. The input/output (I/O) balance of each stage is (dynamically) linked to the others.
As an example, the following figure shows the situation of sand and gravels in Austria. The net balance
between the consumption and the stock (104-10 Tg/
year) represent the net balance of the primary sector
(105-9 Tg/year), which means that the evolution of
this stock (age) is of primary importance for a policy
aiming at resources saving.
The difficulties of establishing that type of figure for
resources saving in Europe are at two levels:
• Data quality: considering the disparity of I/O country data quality in the EU, it is anticipated to set
out a global mapping of materials cycles in three
steps: 1) elaboration of a global model for matter
balance applicable in all countries, 2) calculation
of the so-called “transfer coefficients” with “reliable and complete” country data (four countries),
and 3) extension to EU-27 macro-economic data.
• Completeness: considering the variety of resources, and eventually associated secondary resources (as in ores), and their mixed occurrence in the
products, it will be necessary to combine the “materials flows and stocks setting” approach with a
more global Input/output modelling for individual
countries and for EU.
Further, the objective is to forecast the waste generation in the next 25 years. The need is to establish
a relation between stocks quantities and qualities and
waste generation, the core question being to estimate
stocks life time for the different materials (sand/gravel, wood, metals, paper, etc.), products and waste
types, and interpret dynamically the causes of the variation of stocks (accumulation versus waste generation or dispersive losses).
As a result, the following support can be given directly
to policy and decision makers:
Conceptual system description
74
• Estimation of the material stock of the EU-27.
• Overall mapping of environmental pressures of
waste, enabling an understanding of the environmental issues of waste;
• As a result of scenarios simulations, links between
the stocks and waste generation in terms of
quantities and quality/composition in the next 25
years.
• The identification of the costs and benefits associated with:
• Prevention of the wastes has the highest potential to reduce the environmental pressures on
the use of resources;
• Recovery or recycling of the waste has the
highest potential to reduce the environmental
pressures on the use of resources; and
• Treatment of the wastes is the most polluting.
Additionally, the “leaks” of materials in the system
above mentioned as “uncontrolled waste disposal”
point out the difficulties in making reliable balances
on materials life-cycle. These quantified data anyhow
allow the drawing of tracks of interpretation. These will
be explored providing the knowledge gaps to be filled
for assessing the environmental impacts over the enti-
re life cycle including dispersive losses of the physical
stocks to the environment (e.g. corrosion and weathering) and losses of materials as a result of materials
management (e.g. transport and processing), including energy use of recycling.
EU DG Research
Project partner:
• Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières,
Orléans
• 2.-0 LCA consultants ApS, Copenhagen
• Resource Management Agency, Vienna
• University of Technology - Institute for Water
Quality and Waste Management, Vienna
• University of Stuttgart – Institute of Sanitary,
Water Quality and Solid Waste Management
• Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
• Central Mining Institute, Katowice
Duration:
2007 - 2009
Contact:
Internet:
http://forwast.brgm.fr/
Materials balance for sand and Gravel in Austria 2001
75
Comparison of the energy recovery and usage of
compost from green waste: What is the impact
on primary resources?
Introduction:
According to §2 and §3 of the Biomass Regulation
(2001), the use of green waste (from yards and parks)
for power generation is allowed. The generated electricity is subject to the regulations of EEG (regulation
for renewable energy), which means a monetary support of 4 – 7 € Cent/kWh.
Objectives of the research project:
Objectives of the Investigation Project:
a)Verifying relative preferences of the two mentioned recovery scenarios for green waste, esp.
regarding primary resources and CO2-balances Bilanz and to develop
b)Instructions / Recommendations for stake holders
in waste management and legislation.
Working Packages:
The aim of the governmental promotion is to substitute primary resources by using renewable primary
products - particularly to generate a positive effect on
the greenhouse gas situation with regard to power generation.
Unlike energy recovery, material recovery of green
waste is currently not supported in Germany.
Humic material in compost, though, assures a partial storage of carbon, achievable even more efficiently when compost substitutes turf (garden earths and
substrate). Turf is in fact a primary resource connected
to greenhouse gas emissions through the excavation
from moors (moors are sinks of carbon dioxide).
More arguments for the employ of turf substitutes result from economic considerations and partially from
business management considerations in earth industries as well. In this context we have to consider the
annual need of turf: ca. 10 Mio m³ p.a., generating an
actual annual import up to ca. 3 Mio. m³ p. a. (2003).
The German turf reserves will last another 20 years.
Currently ca. 300.000 m³ compost from green waste
are used as turf substitutes. The medium term potential capacity is ca. 1,2-1,8 Mio. m³ p.a., the long term
potential capacity is ca. 2,5-3 Mio. m³ p.a.
Although there is a want for data regarding energy recovery, it is estimated that ca. 0,5-2 Mio. t/a of green
waste are treated to recover energy.
Evaluations of the two competing alternatives (energy
or material use of green waste) are not possible due
to the lack of basic data. Although existing studies and
reports do not give a clear preference to one of the
two alternatives, no governmental support of material
usage is available, whereas the energy use of green
waste is promoted (ca. 85-160 €/t green waste).
This current practice needs revision, especially considering the relevance of these benefits.
76
a)Data mining and analyses concerning calorific values of green waste (different types of materials,
different seasons, different types of output from
plants).
b)Data mining concerning power requirement of
technical systems and substitution of primary ressources through both recovery scenarios (energy
and material recovery).
c)Calculation of greenhouse gas emissions, including secondary effects.
d)Comparison of the results from c) with other woody energy sources (esp. old timber, wood chip
etc.).
e)Valuation of the investigated systems in c) and d),
esp. in relation to primary resources and greenhouse gases.
f) Estimation of potential masses/quantities and elaboration of recommendations for future waste management concerning recovery systems for green
waste.
Data mining for green waste:
Samples of different types of green waste and secondary fuel are analyzed in the Laboratory of the
University of Stuttgart to create a database with chemical-physical characterization (Calorific value, water
content etc.), for different seasons and different types
of plants.
Balances:
Process balances will be arranged for the following
process units:
Bio-/Green Waste, old timber, wood chips:
Transport and
storage (where
required)
Recovery of green waste: relevant processes
Garden waste composting: material flows
77
Collection, Transport 1, Treatment 1, Composting,
Treatment 2, Transport 2, Utilisation
Peat:
Coverage, excavation, supply, raw material transport,
treatment including packaging, transport of products
(wholesale), transport of products (consumer).
Evaluation criteria and borders of balances:
The evaluation criteria of the investigated processes
are mass flows, energy- and CO2-balances. The respective borders of the balances result from the concept of „completed recovery“.
Entsorgungsgemeinschaft der deutschen Entsorgungswirtschaft (EdDE e. V.), Köln
Project partner:
Arbeitsgemeinschaft Universität Stuttgart (Institut
für Siedlungswasserbau, Wassergüte- u. Abfallwirtschaft – ISWA); Humus & Erden Kontor GmbH
Project direction :
Prof. Dr.-Ing. M. Kranert (ISWA),
Dipl.-Ing. R. Gottschall (Humus & Erden Kontor
GmbH)
Duration:
12/2007
Contact:
The first Figure shows the main processes which have
to be considered related to the recovery of green waste. A part of the material is more suitable for an energy recovery whereas another part should be used for
composting. A third fraction of green waste is suitable
for both recovery scenarios.
First results:
The following figures show examples of results from
CO2-calculations related to different scenarios of green
waste recovery. Two time frames are considered: 2
years and 50 years. After 50 years the biomass used
for the recovery is renewed (growing of plants). It is
illustrated a positive balance for the energy recovery
of raw green waste from spring. The energy recovery
for conditioned green waste (screening) is much more
efficient and has a similar dimension as the CO2-balance for the substitution of german peat by substrates
from green waste compost.
Conclusion:
Both scenarios for the recovery of green waste lead
to a reduction of greenhouse gas emissions, although
with varying efficiency. Significant savings result from
energy recovery as well as from material recovery (similar dimension). Therefore a similar or even equal
political treatment – e.g. basing on saved greenhouse
gases - is reasonable. The investigation project will
also deliver a database and the parameters to provide
a basis for future political decisions.
78
Dr. Dipl.-Ing. agr. C. Bruns
Dipl.-Ing. R. Gottschall
Dipl.-Ing. G. Hafner
Prof. Dr.-Ing. M. Kranert
Dipl.-Ing. O. Schiere
Dipl.-Forsting., Dipl.-Ing. C. Seibel
WasteNet – A new international network for research activities in the area of sustainable solid
waste management
WasteNet brings together 12 partners from 3 continents committed to action for conflict transformation
through sharing of skills, knowledge, experiences and
resources in the area of sustainable solid waste management. WasteNet members from universities and
institutions participating in the programme are as follows.
Latin America: Costa Rica, Bolivia, Columbia, Brazil,
Chile
Asia: China, Malaysia und Thailand
Europe: Finland, Turkey und Germany.
Aim of WasteNet?
Developing countries have sometimes restricted access to information sources concerning solid and hazardous waste management which has led to a generalised lack of knowledge about the problem, resulting
in nonexistent, inappropriate or incomplete technical,
political and operational measures. On the other hand,
countries with advanced know-how about waste management and treatment technologies are unaware of
the research and policy needs in developing countries,
being unable to access these potential markets.
Through the establishment of an international knowledge network for the advancement of sustainable and
appropriate waste management both issues can be
addressed. In this sense, WasteNet strengthens the
international research in sustainable and appropriate
waste management strategies and technologies.
WasteNet can thereby act as a platform for communication with its highly qualified scientists from Latin
America, Asia and Europe to intensify multilateral exchange of experiences and knowledge in the field of
waste management.
The first meeting of Latin America Partner took place
in October 2007 in Bogota, Columbia. Despite some
differences between individual partner countries, the
evaluation of solid waste management in urban and
rural areas has shown a surprisingly high compliance.
One important insight gained through this meeting is:
Recyclable Waste Seperation in Bogota
79
Whereas almost all big cities in each partner country
can ensure a relatively good collection and treatment
of waste, the situation in the rural areas is yet completely unsatisfying. In many cases only a minor part
of the waste collected, the disposal happens in illegal
dump sites, in rivers or anywhere in the landscape.
Even that the situation in the partner countries is not
entirely comparable, our estimations still show that
more than 50% of waste appearance occurs in rural
areas and therefore is treated inadequately. The environmental impact on soil, ground and surface water
and on the atmosphere is without any doubts profound.
A further critical point has been elaborated: Waste from hospitals and hazardous waste (industrial as
well as household waste, e.g. batteries or fluorescent
tubes). As one of the first Latin-American countries,
Columbia compiles a cadastral register of hazardous
waste. The next step will be the development of waste
treatment and disposal facility plants.
EU, DG International Cooperation INCO
Project partner:
• Costa Rica; Universidad de Costa Rica San Pedro
de Montes de Oca, San Jose
• Brazil; Centro Integrado de Tecnologia e Educação Profissional da Cidade Industrial de Curitiba
• Bolivia; Catholic Bolivian University „San Pablo“,
La Paz
• Chile; Technical University Federico Santa María,
Valparaiso
• Colombia; Los Andes University, Bogota
• Thailand; King Mongkut‘s Institute of Technology
North Bangkok
• Malaysia; University Sains Malaysia, Penang
Duration:
2007 - 2008
Contact:
M.Sc. Anghana Klongkarn
M.Sc. Maria Espinoza
Results, examples and other useful information including dictionary for solid waste management in German, English, Spanish can be found in our website
www.wastenet.de .
Photo of Participants - WasteNet Meeting at Los Andes University in Bogota /Columbia
80
MODULAARE – Integrated modules for high efficient wastewater purification, waste treatment
and regenerative energy recovery in tourism resorts
Modules for wastewater purification with membranes
and for fermentation of sewage sludge and organic
wastes: an integrated concept for recovery of process
water, production of hygiene fertiliser and regenerative energy and for waste minimisation
Introduction:
Background Information:
Germany, as one of the large travel nations, has a special responsibility for a sustainable and environmentally aware tourism. Therefore, one of the main targets
of this investigation project is to verify the operation
of an innovative, decentralized and modular system
for waste water purification, waste treatment and production of energy from biogas in a large Tourists Resort located in Turkey. This modular system combines
a membrane system for the purification of wastewater
with a fermentation/biogas system for the recovery of
relevant quantities of organic wastes.
The advantages of both treatment procedures
strengthen themselves and remove disadvantages of
the respective procedures, so that the two systems
can be operated with a high efficiency regarding economic and environmental aspects.
In the context of this research and demonstration
project, a low loaded membrane facility has been installed in a representative Tourists Resort (approx.
900 beds). Efficiency and possible applications for the
purified wastewater are determined and examined.
Remaining excess sludge is fed directly into the biogas facility where it is co-fermented with organic solid
waste (waste from kitchen, restaurant and garden).
This modular, decentralised system is especially suitable for the application in sensitive areas, e.g. tourism
regions, corral reefs, islands, coasts, nature parks,
etc.. The demonstration project MODULAARE should
assess whether this modular concept can be operated
economically and routinely. Therefore the tests in the
practical use and the integration into the processes
within the tourists resort are of special interest.
The analysis program of the fermentation module covers both the technical adjustment to the input material and the optimisation and simplification of the
handling.
Innovative Character:
Substrates, processing, fermenter, residues and biogas are investigated regarding optimisation. Wastewater resulting from the fermentation process can be
supplied to the membrane module. An additional important aspect is the option to realize an energy concept for the optimal use of the biogas and the combination with other regenerative sources of energy (e.g.
solar, wind).
The innovative character of the MODULAARE concept
can be outlined by the following key points:
• Combination of waste recycling + wastewater
treatment + energy concept
• Modular units can be adapted to extensions of the
hotel
• Decentralised use is possible (bays, little villages
without regular wastewater treatment and waste
disposal)
81
• Development of a sustainable, recycling management resulting in an nearly waste- and wastewater-free tourists resort.
• By modifying the solid content and switching on/
off individual membrane modules the membrane
facility can be adapted very easily to seasonal
fluctuations (guest numbers)
• Advanced development to self-sufficient systems
(e.g. by including other regenerative energy sources)
• Membrane and sanitation stage (fermentation)
enable short cycles (no germs, exciter, etc.)
• Altogether, the membrane system will demand low
attention during operation because the settling of
the activated sludge plays a role no more
• Difficulties with wastewater in fermentation facilities are solved by means of the membrane facility
• Excess sludge problems are solved by fermentation system
82
Advantages:
MODULAARE promotes substantially the sustainable
management of both the hotel system and the environment. The largest advantage which can be expected is
the use of the benefits (high-efficient cleaning, recycling of waste, regenerative energy) of both systems.
Simultaneous the problems determined by the system
(power requirement of the membrane, excess sludge,
fermentation wastewater) will be neutralised. Further
advantages are:
• Avoidance of pollution of high-sensitive ecological
systems (e.g. corral reefs, mud flats, etc.) by insufficiently treated wastewater
• Discharge to dumps which often indicate insufficient standards in tourism regions (methane production leachate, setting, hygiene aspects) will be
minimised
• Regenerative energy can be used to save fossil
sources of energy
• The modular system makes extensions simple and
economically possible (construction, integration
into existing modules etc.)
• Direct water utilisation as process water or for irrigation (substitution of drinking water and water
for domestic use)
• Depending upon the respective local situation, fermentation residues can be used directly in agriculture or be made applicable in hotel gardens by
drainage and maturing to compost
• Water retention capacity of soils and content of
humic substances will be increased by application
of compost
The biogas module comprises the following technical
components:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Delivery storage tank
Digester
Gas storage
Gas flare
Storage tank for the fermentation output
Digester input
Digester Output
Fermentation residues
Results and conclusions:
• Preservation of resources (water, artificial fertiliser, etc.)
• Production of valuable soil-conditioner; saving of
artificial fertiliser (costs), compost contributes to
improve humus generation and to increase CO2 fixation in the soils (Kyoto Protocol)
• No problems with organically highly loaded fermentation residues
• Enrichment of ground-water by spray irrigation of
green belts and infiltration of the purified waste
• Reduction of environmental pollution as chlorinated water will not be utilised any more
• Cost saving within the area of water supply and
wastewater disposal
Description of the demonstration plant:
The demonstration plant, located in Iberotel Sarigerme Park (Sarigerme, Turkey), consists of the waste
water treatment module (container on the right) and
the biogas module. This article describes the anaerobic
digestion module.
In this module, organic waste and sludge from the
membrane wastewater purification are digested under
anaerobic conditions, while producing biogas and anaerobic digestion residues. The digestate can be used
as an organic fertilizer if tested suitable.
The demonstration plant, located at a large tourism
resort in Turkey shows the feasibility of the MODULAARE-concept under technical and economical aspects. Results from scientific analyses and measurements show a high efficiency of both components - the
waste water treatment module and the biogas module.
The two components complement each other. Excess
sludge from waste water treatment is utilized within
the fermentation process. Biogas of high quality substitutes primary energy resources. The digestate can be
used (and sold) as fertilizer or – if more suitable – can
be treated within the wastewater treatment module.
Bundesministerium
BMBF
für
Bildung
und
Forschung
Project partner:
• AT-Verband (Verband zur Förderung angepasster,
sozial- und umweltverträglicher Technologien
e.V.)
• Universität Stuttgart, Institut für Siedlungswasserbau, Wassergüte- und Abfallwirtschaft, Abteilung Abwassertechnik
• Memos Membranes Modules Systems GmbH
• Bio-Sytem Selecta GmbH
• Iberotel Sarigerme Park, TUI AG - Umweltmanagement
Duration:
10/2003 - 01/2007
Contact:
Dipl.-Geogr. Dieter Steinbach
Dipl.-Geogr. Andrea Schultheis
83
Environmental impacts of sugar cane cultivation
and sugar production, example Brazil
Verfahrensentwicklung
Gärresten
zur Aufarbeitung
von
Solange Da Castro Menezes (WASTE) (2007)
Supervisor: Dr.-Ing. K. Fischer
Prof. Dr. E. Thomanetz
Lorena Piles Tortajada (Environment protection and
food production) (2007)
Prof. Dr. M. Kranert, Prof. Dr. J. Jungbluth
Solid waste management in Bhutan
Ngawang Gyaltshen (Infrastructure Planning) (2007)
Prof. Dr. G. Kaule
Carbon Emission Reduction Certificates recovery
from Leachate Treatment
Recyclingverfahren für Farbstoffsolarzellen
Daniela Prado (WASTE) (2007)
Dr. W.R. Müller
Jingjing Huang (UMW) (2007)
Prof. Dr. M. Kranert
Integrated Solid Waste Management: A sustainable to reduce load on landfill site in Pokhara city, Nepal
Konzepte zur Senkung von CO2-Emissionen in
Entwicklungsländern, Bereich Abfallwirtschaft
Purna Prasad Bhandari (Infrastructure Planning)
(2007)
Prof. Dr. G. Kaule
Diana Heitzmann (Geographie) (2007)
Prof. Dr. W.D. Blümel
Stoffstromanalyse
ausgewählten
Abfallrelevanten Rohstoff für die Bundesrepublik Deutschland
Nataliya Kurz (UMW) (2007)
Management system and feasibility study for an
integrated treatment of organic wastes and wastewater in a Tourism Centre
Tatiana Medon (WASTE) (2007)
Experimental investigation of soot permeability
in catalyzed Diesel particulate filter
Packaging from Hospitals – collection and recycling
Samuel Sasu (WASTE) (2007)
Qualitative and quantitive Vermeidung, Pfandsysteme in EU and China
Wei Wei Wang (UMW) (2007)
Recycling von PET, Textilherstellung
Yuming Wang (UMW) (2007)
Co-Vergärung am Beispiel einer Hotelanlage
Kavitha Pathmanathan (WASTE) (2007)
Dr. D. Schmidt
Dieter Werkle (Bauing.) (2007)
Vergleich der Umweltrechtlichen Anforderungen
an Betriebe der Automobilherstellung in USA,
Brasilien, Südafrika und Deutschland
Hospital Waste and Landfill management in India
Kristy Pena Munoz (WASTE) (2007)
Shamaila Zia Zia (Infrastructure Planning) (2007)
Prof. Dr. G. Kaule
84
Contact
Laboratory
Tel.: ++49 (0)711/685-65427
Fax: ++49 (0)711/685-67634
CTA Catharina Le Huray-Horel
Secretary´s office
Tel.: ++49 (0)711/685-65436
Fax: ++49 (0)711/685-67634
Gudrun Heinl
CTA Jürgen Wolf
Tel.: ++49 (0)711/685-65495
Fax: ++49 (0)711/685-65460
Tel.: ++49 (0)711/685-65503
Fax: ++49 (0)711/685-67634
Research Assistants
Doctoral Candidates
Dipl.-Geol. Detlef Clauß
Dipl.-Ing. Carla Cimatoribus
Tel.: ++49 (0)711/685-65502
Fax: ++49 (0)711/685-65460
Tel.: ++49 (0)711/685-62567
Fax: ++49 (0)711/685-65460
MSc. Maria Alejandra Espinoza
MSc. Sebnem Bastan Yilman
Tel.: ++49 (0)711/685-65477
Fax: ++49 (0)711/685-65460
Tel.: ++49 (0)711/685-62567
Fax: ++49 (0)711/685-65460
MSc. Nicolas Escalante
Tel.: ++49 (0)711/685-67636
Fax: ++49 (0)711/685-65460
Tel.: ++49 (0)711/685-62567
Fax: ++49 (0)711/685-65460
MSc. Angkhana Klongkarn
Tel.: ++49 (0)711/685-65477
Fax: ++49 (0)711/685-65460
Dipl.-Ing. Oliver Schiere
Tel.: ++49 (0)711/685-65506
Fax: ++49 (0)711/685-65460
Dipl.-Biol. Andreas Sihler
Tel.: ++49 (0)711/685-65498
Fax: ++49 (0)711/685-65460
85
Research topics:
• UV wet oxidation of liquid hazardous waste and industrial
wastewater
• Development of microsensors for
rapid investigation of contaminated sites using the cone penetration test
• Development of adequate waste
sampling methods
• Development of adequate (large
scale) waste analysis methods
• Pyrolysis of hazardous waste
• Fire inquest investigations of hazardous waste for rock filling and
underground storage
• Long term waste investigations
within large lysimeter units
• Determination of the spontaneous combustion properties of hazardous waste
Nothing is too dangerous for us
Special procedures for the treatment of hazardous industrial waste as well as investigation and remediation
methods for contaminated sites form the focal point of the teaching and research activities within our work area
“Hazardous waste and contaminated sites”. We are also widely experienced in sampling and analysis of solid,
liquid and paste-like waste.
Our research covers the following subjects, e. g.: • Backfilling of mines (stowing): we have developed and introduced methods to industrial routine to quantify the generation of hydrogen in industrial waste and thus to enable
avoidance of the hazards presented by hydrogen in the subsurface. Of particular importance for underground
waste sites are the methods developed for a new waste parameter: TOCbio – that is the microbially reducible
TOC. This parameter has already found its way into the new edition of the Ordinance on Underground Waste Stowage. • Intermediate storage of special spontaneous-ignition industrial waste: here, procedures were developed
that help to understand the spontaneous combustion mechanism and thus to avoid this hazard. • Development
of practical UV wet oxidation reactors for industrial sewage or hazardous liquid waste: not only are UV treatment
reactors in disposal scale available for this purpose (the largest has a capacity of 1 cubic metre and 40 kilowatts),
but also laboratory reactors of 10 litres capacity for initial investigations. Further activities in brief: The development of “chemical noses” for rapid investigation of waste spoil tips and contaminated sites by means of CPT technology; development of methods for returning reverse osmosis leachate concentrate to the body of the landfill;
testing of suitable indicator parameters for determination of the influence of a landfill on its surroundings (tritium,
boron and others); development of bespoke industrial solutions with regard to waste and wastewater.
86
Projects
“Elimination of hardly degradable Substances
from Effluents with a Biologically Regenerating
Adsorptive Rotary Disc Reactor”
In receiving water courses of biological purifying plants
damage on aquatic organisms due to traces of hard to
degrade organic industrial chemicals and pharmaceutical products can be observed. The Baden-Württemberg Ministry of Environment considered the removal
of these substances currently one of the vital topics in
environmental research.
The project firstly, by means of experiments with an
appropriate laboratory scale setup, aims at proving
that microorganisms settling on activated carbon can
degrade the endocrine substances primarily adsorbed
hereon. Based on the thus gained data, the design of
a technical process is to be investigated with which an
industrial scale pilot plant can be erected.
The project will be carried out in cooperation with the
Department of Chemistry (CH) of our institute and with
the company Stengelin-Specker Kläranlagen GmbH,
who invented the Rotating Disc Reactor for the Biological Purification of Waste Water in the 1950es. Furthermore, the departments Biology (BIO), Waste Water Technology (AWT) and Industrial Water and Waste
Water Technology (IWT) of our institute can provide
their comprehensive experience on the field.
Duration:
10/2007 - 09/2009
Contact:
Dipl.-Geoökol. M. Borchers
CTA Brigitte Bergfort
Hollow Discs filled with Adsorbent Granulate
87
“Solar Photocatalytic Hygienisation and Detoxification of Water”
The Advanced Oxidation Process (AOP) used for water
purification in this project, is based on the semi-conductor properties of Titanium Dioxide when irradiated
with ultraviolet light.
Experiments are carried out in laboratory scale to investigate how specially modified and immobilised Titanium Dioxide can act as photocatalyst even in diffuse
daylight, and thus generate oxidative radicals.
The University of Hohenheim Institute of Environmental and Animal Hygiene is our partner concerning the
microbiological aspects.
Reaction Equations Titanium Dioxide
88
AiF
Project partner:
Firma Stengelin-Specker Kläranlagen GmbH,
Dürbheim
Duration:
01/2007 - 03/2009
Contact:
Dipl.-Ing. M. Rapf
“Development of a Compact Air Stripper for
Ground Water Remediation”
Volatile organic substances in Ground Water, mostly
BTEX-aromates and halogenated hydrocarbons, are
commonly removed by Air Stripping with vertical packed columns. Because of the height of the columns (6
up to 12 metres), and also because of technical problems like scaling of the packing material with iron and
manganese salts, vertical column strippers can not be
used in many practical cases.
Therefore a compact air stripper, that can be built into
mobile construction site containers, has been designed. A pilot plant has been built up and tested under
practical conditions. Concerning substance removal as
well as energy consumption, the new stripper is as
efficient as or even better than the classical column
stripper.
After the successful pilot experiments the previous
knowledge will be used to construct a industrial scale
compact stripper.
ZÜBLIN Umwelttechnik GmbH, Stuttgart
Duration:
since 06/2006
Contact:
Dipl.-Ing. M. Rapf
Horizontally operating Brush Air Stripper
89
“Basic Investigations on Salt Preservation of
Waste for Underground Storage”
Microbial activity is completely stopped in a saturated
solution of Sodium Chloride (common salt). Therefore
it is possible to mix solid wastes high in organics thoroughly with Waste Salt, to prevent the biogenic generation of gas and odour, which are disgusting and
dangerous for the staff underground. However, odours
already contained in the waste cannot be removed by
the conditioning procedure.
Hence experiments have been performed to find out
with what kinds and amounts of additives selected
waste samples can be biologically inactivated and deodorised completely.
Relation: Microbial Growth and Water Activity
90
Client:
Firma UEV Umwelt, Entsorgung und Verwertung
GmbH, Heilbronn
Duration:
06/2006 - 02/2007
Contact:
“Planning and Realisation of a Large Scale Test
for the Zollernalbkreis concerning the Substitution of Fossil Fuels at Holcim Cement Company
by a Mix of Bio Waste and Low-Quality Waste
Paper”
The District of Zollernalb is planning to collect bio-waste and low quality waste paper together in one bin and
to subsequently produce from the thus gained waste
mix a secondary fuel low in pollutants. The background
is the intent to reduce the number of bins in front of
the citizens’ houses, to lessen the hygiene problems
with bio waste in the warm season and also to become
independent from the usual price fluctuations on the
recycling market.
Ball Mill for Municipal Waste
For that purpose about 60 tons of a Mix out of bio-waste and waste paper have been shredded, sieved, dried
in solar and conventional driers. Finally the thermal
utilisation of the mix in a cement kiln, as well as in a
novel fluidized bed gasifier have been tested.
Based on the results of these experiments, further attempts are planned to co-incinerate more dried Mix in
a Biomass Power Station.
Client:
Landratsamt des Zollernalbkreises, Balingen
Duration:
07/2005 - 01/2007, 09/2007 - to date
Contact:
Dipl.-Ing. M. Rapf
Dipl.-Ing. G. Hafner
Rotary Cement Kiln, injection side
Single-shafted Rotary Shear Shredder
Solar Dryer
91
“Acceleration of the BET-Surface Measurement
for Activated Carbon by Variation of Pressure
and Temperature”
Yaoyao Yuan (2008 to date)
Supervisor: Prof. Dr.-Ing. E. Thomanetz
Master Thesis
“Pyrolysis of Plant Waste in order to Produce
Coke Fuel ”
Parik Sabungan Sirumapea (2007 to date)
Master Thesis
„Aufbereitung von organisch hochbelastetem
Prozessabwasser am Beispiel eines Betriebes der
Erfrischungsgetränke-Grundstoffproduktion“
„Testmethode für die biologische Abbaubarkeit
des TOC (TOCbio) von Industrieabfallproben:
Untersuchungen zur Optimierung der Leitfähigkeitsmessung“
Chen Yang (UMW) (2007)
Supervisor: Prof. Dr.- Ing. E. Thomanetz
Diploma Thesis
Ying Zhu (UMW) (2007)
Diploma Thesis
„Optimierung und großtechnische Umsetzung einer Kompaktstrippanlage“
„Untersuchungen zur Funktionsweise einer Kompaktstrippanlage“
Steffen Vogel (UMW) (2007)
Diploma Thesis
Timo Pittmann (UMW) (2007)
Independent Study
“Conditioning of Hazardous Wastes for Incineration“
“Untersuchungen zur Optimierung der Luftstrippung für Grundwassersanierung“
Gloria Patricia Galindo Vanegas (2007 to date)
Independent Study
Gangyi Luo (UMW) (2007)
Diploma Thesis
“Aftercare of Landfill Sites Using Hydrogen Peroxide as Oxygen Supply for Microbial Processes”
Piyathida Baingern (2007 to date)
Master Thesis
“Development of a Test Method to Determine the
Biodegradable Part of the TOC (TOCbio) of Solid
Waste”
Leonidas Karapanagiotis (2006)
Master Thesis
Dissertations
“Optimisation of AOP-Treatment for Industrial
Waste Water and Toxicological Characterisation
of the Effluent”
“Entropy Production as Measure for the Environmental Impact of Technical Processes with Examples from Waste Management”
M.Sc. Ibrahim Abdel Fattah (2007 to 2010)
Supervisor: Prof. Dr.-Ing. M. Kranert
Prof. Dr.-Ing. E. Thomanetz
Doctoral Thesis
Dipl.-Ing. Matthias Rapf
Durationfrom (2007 to 2010)
Supervisor: Prof. Dr.-Ing. M. Kranert
Prof. Dr.-Ing. B. Weigand
Prof. Dr.-Ing. E. Thomanetz
Doctoral Thesis
92
Contact
Tel: ++49 (0)711/685-63709
Fax:++49 (0)711/685-65460
Secretary´s office
Gudrun Heinl
Tel.: ++49 (0)711/685-65495
Fax: ++49 (0)711/685-65460
Research Assistants
Dipl.-Geoökol. M. Borchers
Tel.: ++49 (0)711/685-60495
Fax: ++49 (0)711/685-65460
Dipl.-Ing. Matthias Rapf
Tel.: ++49 (0)711/685-63709
Fax: ++49 (0)711/685-67634
E-Mail:[email protected]
Laboratory
Tel: ++49 (0)711/685-63709
Fax:++49 (0)711/685-67634
93
Measuring and Air Pollution Control
Research topics:
• Analysis of emissions from waste
treatment plants
• On site clearing of olfactory disturbance and air pollution
• Development and optimization of
waste gas purification plants
• Gas chromatographic analysis of
olfactory compounds using an
“olfactory detection port” (ODP)
• Analysis of volatile organic compounds (VOC)
And sometimes, the job just stinks
If it stinks, the people in this section are in their element. To find out what, when and why it stinks, exactly where
and how strongly it stinks, is part of the research focus of this group.
Exhaust gases of all kinds are investigated with the aid of modern gas analysis equipment. The spectrum of
available methods covers classical methods such as gas chromatography with mass spectrometers and flame
ionisation detectors, to more unusual methods such as olfactometry and “sniffing port“. But the analysis doesn’t
stop there. Those services availed upon by both the municipal authorities and industry go as far as practical solutions for the construction and operation of emission reduction facilities. It was possible, for example, to improve
the biological exhaust air purification of a slaughter house, or to determine the reasons for the strong odours
emanating from a cardboard plant, causing nuisance to local residents. In practice, the purification of odour intensive exhaust gases presents a number of difficulties: the malodorous components often remain unrecognized.
Measures are therefore aimed at simply reducing the principal components of the exhaust gases determined
using standard analysis methods, while the stinking trace substances remain unregarded. However, employing a
combination of the analytical methods available to us, exhaust gases can be investigated for their specific odour
relevant components. It is then possible to optimise exhaust gas purification (for odour emissions these are often
biological methods). Our work is embedded in both a scientific-technical and economics context. Currently, national and international research projects are underway, the aim of which is to develop effective and economically
viable exhaust gas purification methods by a combination of a variety of processes. Our experience flows into
national and international regulations.
94
Measuring and Air Pollution Control TAL
Projects
„VOCleanplas“: Procedural basis for VOC loaded
flue gas cleaning with a microwave plasma source for low or medium flue gas volume flows under atmospheric pressure.
Motive of this research project was to develop a technical flue gas cleaning method in critical gas flows
with the help of a microwave plasma source under atmospheric pressure.
Fraunhofer Institut für Chemische Technologie,
Pfinztal
Universität Stuttgart, Institut für Plasmaforschung
(IPF)
AIF Arbeitsgemeinschaft industrieller Forschungsvereinigungen, Köln
Project partner:
Duration:
The method should be a compact facility, which can
be used not only for low but critical flue gas flow rates
from the thin-film deposition, but also for the typical
VOC-loaded flue gas streams from low and medium
production plants. A higher demand for these flue gas
streams is expected, for which no satisfying solution
is found until now.
The most used VOC-loaded flue gas cleaning method
is thermal after-treatment. The loaded flue gas is conducted to a combustion chamber, where a gas- or oilincinerator, supplemented with appropriate catalysts,
leads to decomposition and combustion of the VOCs.
Since the total gas volume is heated, heat recovery
becomes an important component of such a facility.
During heat production flue gas is generated by the
incinerator. Therefore such facilities are only equitable
for flue gas volume flow, which is considerably higher
than the flue gas volume flow generated by the facility
itself. Hence the facilities for thermal after-treatment
have large-volume structures. Facilities for low and
medium flue gas flow rates (< 10 m3/h is already a
micro-unit) - which are called Scrubber - are so far
only cost-effectively replaceable for special critical flue
gas in low volume flows, as they are generated in the
production of semi-conductor or thin-film deposition.
A rapidly increasing trade demand of low and medium
VOC-loaded flue gas cleaning facilities appears due to
the growing market.
07/2005 - 06/2007
Contact:
Microwave plasma test facility
In the frame of this project, several test facilities were
built up with microwave plasma technique; experiments of VOC-loaded and fluorinated gas were carried
out with the same technique. In ISWA, experiments of
VOC-elimination and corresponding gas analysis were
performed. Moreover, gas components were analysed
on the test facility of the project partner by means of
FT-IR technique.
It is shown by the project that, due to different aspects the thermal microwave plasma technique is only
limitedly appropriate for VOC-elimination. For the application in fluorinated carbohydrates from thin-film
deposition the test facility turned out to be successful
and effective.
95
Minimization of odour emission in foundry sections – Part II
The odour emissions from foundries remains a severe
problem. In the surrounding area of foundries odour
immission occurs, which causes affliction to the already highly critical neighbourhood. To make sure the
public acceptance of the foundries on their traditional locations, or due to public pressure, the plants are
forced to find a remedy.
During recent years the foundries have made some
progress in odour reduction. However it appears that
the progress is quite little, and most relevant people
are only satisfied when the odour in foundries is completely gone. Besides the technologies of foundries are
so manifold and the odour sources so complex, that to
use a new binder or to modify some technologies can
achieve only little progress in a group of foundries.
Therefore in some aspects further improvements is
needed.
Purpose of the project is to find out further solution
of reduction on odour emission in iron foundries, especially in foundry sections. That means information
about odour emission from form auxiliary materials
and additives for both foundry industry and chemical
supply industry should be provided. Foundry industries
should obtain details of process control, while supply
industries obtain details about formation and origination of odorous substances.
With further development of measuring technique,
it is possible to evaluate and optimize the variety of
molding materials and forming auxiliary materials in
the odour technical aspect. Furthermore, the results
of olfactory – with respect to reproducibility and prediction accuracy – should be improved by optimizing
basic conditions of measuring technology.
Besides, the research methods which are developed in
former project should be further developed. The analytical methods for detection of odorous substances
are expanded in detail:
• Through variation of adsoption as well as desorption conditions the odorous substances with lower
molecular weight (such as hydrogen sulphide, formic acid, formaldehyde, propylene,…) should be
detected by analysis.
• By expansion of the detector system. With an additional Flame ionization detector it should result
in a more detailed quantification of the relevant
odorous compounds. The GC/MS/FID-System connected with the Olfactory-Detection-Port (ODP),
which is also called Sniffing-Detector, has proved
itself effective.
• By extension of the spectrum library and literature
research about substance-specific odor thresholds,
the proportion in identified flue gas components
should be enhanced.
AIF Arbeitsgemeinschaft industrieller Forschungsvereinigungen, Köln
Project partner:
IfG – Institut für Gießereitechnik GmbH, Abteilung
Arbeits- und Umweltschutz, Düsseldorf
Duration:
10/2005 - 03/2008
Contact:
„Olfactory-detection-port (ODP) “for identification of
odorous components in mixed gas
96
Measuring and Air Pollution Control TAL
Preliminary exploration of construction stage
IV on Landfill Dorfweiher for project measures
planning to shorten the aftercare period
Im Rahmen dieses Vorprojekts wurden Messungen und
Arbeiten zur Probenahme und Belüftung des Deponieabschnitts durchgeführt. Das Ziel war, Daten über die
Zusammensetzung und Beschaffenheit des Mülls sowie von Deponiegas und Sickerwasser zu sammeln,
um sich ein möglichst genaues Bild über diesen Teil
der Deponie machen zu können. Anhand der Erkenntnisse aus diesem Pilotprojekt soll eine Sanierungsmaßnahme „Aerobisierung der Deponie“ geplant und
beantragt werden, die dann im Rahmen eines Folgeprojekts durchgeführt werden soll
In frame of the technical pre-project, measurements,
sampling and air ventilation into the landfill section
were carried out. The aim was collecting data on the
composition and character of the waste, landfill gas
and leachate, in order to make a sketch of this part of
the landfill as accurately as possible. With the knowledge from this pilot project, a remediation measure
“Aeration of the Landfill” should be planned and applied for, which should be conducted in the frame of a
follow-up project later on.
Emission measurements with a tunable diode laser for
methane measurement over long distances
Landkreis Konstanz
Project partner:
Fa. Lhotzky & Partner, Braunschweig
Duration:
10/2007 - 12/2007
Contact:
M.Sc. Han Zhu
Independent Studies
and Diploma Thesis
Contact
Odour Measurements in Solid Waste Transfer
Station located in Dußlingen
Tel.: ++49 (0) 711/685-65416
Fax: ++49 (0) 711/685-63729
Marta Eugenia Escoto de Tejada (WASTE) (2007)
Supervisor: Dr.-Ing. Martin Reiser
Independent Study
Elimination von VOC’s und Gerüchen aus Abgasen durch nichtthermisches Plasma
Thomas Eckhardt (Umweltschutztechnik) (2006)
Supervisor: Dr.-Ing. Martin Reiser
Diploma Thesis
Hans-Jürgen Heiden (CTA)
Tel.: ++49 (0) 711/685-63712
Fax: ++49 (0) 711/685-63729
Axel Goschnick (CTA)
Tel.: ++49 (0) 711/685-63712
Fax: ++49 (0) 711/685-63729
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Research topics:
• Detection of degradative potentials
• Isolation of xenobiotics degrating
bacteria and fungi
• Elucidation of bacterial degradative pathways by use of genetical, chemical and biochemical
techniques
• Development of new waste air
purification concepts
• Design, dimensioning and operation of Biological Waste Air Purification (BWAP) plants
• Biosynthesis of fine chemicals
with high value
It’s not just hot air to us
The biological cleaning of exhaust air and the biodegradation of xenobiotics (i.e. non-biodegradable substances)
by bacteria represent the focal point of our work.
In addition, the department provides assistance in the planning and dimensioning of biofiltration apparatus of various types (biofilter, biotrickling filter and biowasher). Moreover, it is possible to provide scientific supervision of
these apparatus and equipment during normal operations and in case of faults. This is in the interest of research
in a real practical context, because the weaknesses revealed in any of the functions can be drawn upon to develop
new or optimised concepts. A further field of research is the degradation of xenobiotics: exposing degradation
potential, isolating xenobiotic degrading bacteria strains and fungi, investigating bacterial degradation paths and,
as a spinoff, the biosynthesis of materials. Using the example of the metabolism of styrene (vinyl benzene), it is
possible to demonstrate the effects of our research: we have applied our knowledge concerning the degradability
of chemicals and the microorganisms involved in diverse environmental engineering industry contracts. In the
case of styrene, we have participated in the construction and operation of biofilter plants for the purification of
exhaust air from the manufacture of glass-fibre reinforced plastic tubes. Further focal points in this context are
the metabolism of halobenzene derivates, on their own and in admixtures with toluene, as well as the degradation
of aromatic and non-aromatic ethers. In the waste air field, we are involved in the investigation of the problematic metabolism of substance mixtures and with the “clogging“ of filter materials (i.e. the blockage of filters as
the result of excessive biomass production). One approach to the solution here is the development of filters with
moving beds, as already implemented in the rotorfilter, but now continued using a different direction.
98
Projects
Preparation of a continuation proposal with the title:
Halogenated and alkylated benzenes mineralizing
bacteria: characterization of degradation pathways for
fluoromuconate and methylsubstiuted lactones / to be
submitted to the DFG in 2008; envisaged funding institution: DFG; Contents: see PhD work of Dipl.-Ing. N.
Strunk and Dipl.-Ing. D. Dobslaw.
Evaluations and Industry Contracts
Optimization of industrial biofilter for treatment
of benzylic alcohol and benzaldehyde containing
waste air
Company: Plasma Air AG and G-Elit GmbH
An industrial waste air cleaning plant was optimized,
the running conditions were determined and special
rules were set for the critical phase of start-up. Espaecially important were the optimization of the scrubber
unit, the control of pH-value and the monitoring of
the biomass. The work is not yet finished and will be
continued in 2008.
Investigations on industrial biofilter material
Company: Firma Handte GmbH Umwelttechnik
Process Optimization in reclaim waters of the
chip industries
In collaboration with a `Clean Water`-Supplying Company a biotrickling filter device was constructed purifying production water streams in order to reuse them
instead of introducing fresh water (product integrated
approach). Special bacteria were isolated, characterized and tested with respect to their degradative behaviour, their growth potentials and stability. The work
will be applied in industry, the results will be patented.
Optimization of a ammonium treatment plant in
the milk industries
In a milk treating industrial plant operating according
to the sequencing batch procedure destillates are to
be treated with rather high loads of ammonium. The
operating conditions for ammonium degradation have
to be optimized under the specific conditions of sludge
separation in a UF-unit.
Biological treatment of chromate containing
waste waters- Introductive steps to a clean-up
strategy
Diego Salamanca (2007)
Independent Study
Investigations on a biofilter in a benzyl-alcohol
utilizing company
Ms. Sc Oktay Karas (WAREM) (2007)
Master Thesis
Anreicherung von acetonabbauenden Bakterienstämmen - Isopropanolabbau in einer Tropfkörperanlage – Enrichment of acetone degrading
microorganisms in a trickling filter device
„Abreinigung von Isophoron in einem Biotricklingfilter – Untersuchungen zur Genetik des
Hauptleistungsträgers Iph200“/ Characterization of a isophorone degrading strain, IPH200 as
the active component in a biotrickling filter
Natalia Neumann (UMW) (2007)
Independent Studiy
Nina Gaissert
Diploma Thesis
99
Biologische Behandlung von mit Toluol und
Chlorbenzol belasteten Grundwasser durch die
Bakterienstämme Burkholderia fungorum FLU
100 sowie Pseudomonas putida GJ 31 – Biological treatment of ground water contaminated
with chlorobenzene and toluene by strains of
Burkholderia fungorum FLU100 and Pseudomonas putida GJ 31
Roland Kurz (2007)
Diploma Thesis
Doctoral Thesis
Investigation on the bacterial degradation of
halogenated aromatics by strain Burkholderia
fungorum FLU 100 and its application in pilot biofilters
Technology, microbial physiology and genetics
of degradational pathways for chlorosubstituted and methylsubstituted aromatics in biological
waste air purification plants
Dipl. Ing. N. Strunk (2007)
Supervisor: Prof. Dr. K.-H. Engesser
PhD Thesis
Dipl. Ing. D. Dobslaw (to be finished yet)
Supervisor: Prof. Dr. K.-H. Engesser
PhD Thesis
Meetings and Talks
The regulation of the degradation pathways for alkanes degradation in bacteria
Workshop in Osnabrück during the annual meeting of
the German VAAM (`Society of general and applied
Microbiology)
Strunk, N; Dobslaw, D; Pieper, D and Engesser, KH
Isolation and characterization of strain FLU100, a
bacterium with the rare capability to simultaneously
degrade toluene and all monohalosubstituted benzenes including fluorobenzene. BIOSPECTRUM Tagungsband Jena, (2006), KC 13
Kim, YH; Kang, I; Bergeron, H; Lau, PCK; Engesser,
KH and Kim, SJ
Physiological, biochemical, and genetic characterization of an alicyclic amine-degrading Mycobacterium
sp strain THO100 isolated from a morpholine-containing culture of activated sewage sludge. ARCHIVES OF
MICROBIOLOGY, 186 (2006) Nr. 5, S. 425-434
100
Dobslaw, D; Dobslaw, C; Fütterer, N and Engesser,
KH.
Optimization of a bioscrubber in printing industry for
treatment of crude air containing alcohols and ethers.
BIOSPECTRUM Tagungsband Osnabrück, (2007), KE
001, S. 56
Onaca, C; Kieninger, M; Engesser, KH and Altenbuchner, J
Degradation of alkyl methyl ketones by Pseudomonas
veronii MEK700. JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY, 189
(2007) Nr. 10, S. 3759-3767
Dobslaw, D; Dobslaw, C.; Fütterer, N. and Engesser,
KH
Biologische Abluftreinigung von Druckereiablüften: Optimierung eines Biowäscher. CIT - Chemie
Ingenieur Technik, (2007) Heft 10, DOI: 10.1002/
cite.200700069
Contact
Prof. Dr.-rer. nat. habil. K.-H. Engesser
Tel: ++49 (0) 711/685-63734
Fax:++49 (0) 711/685-63729
Research Assistants
Dipl.-Ing. Strunk
Tel: ++49 (0) 711/685-63730
Fax:++49 (0) 711/685-63729
Dipl.-Ing. Dobslaw
Tel: ++49 (0) 711/685-65406
Fax:++49 (0) 711/685-63729
101
102
o. Prof. rer. nat. habil Jörg W. Metzger
Hydrochemistry CH
o. Prof. Dr. rer. nat. habil. Jörg W. Metzger
Hydrobiology BIO
Dr.-Ing. Wolf-Rüdiger Müller, Akad. Oberrat
103
At the chair of Hydrochemistry and Hydrobiology actual practice-oriented topics are investigated and natural
science based solutions are developed in interdisciplinary co-operation with engineers. A basic knowledge in
natural sciences is required to understand interdisciplinary contexts concerning all areas of Environmental
Engineering. Biological and chemical processes are of
high importance for the treatment processes of drinking water and wastewater as well as for composting
of solid and green waste or for the decontamination
of groundwater. The quality of water, no matter if it
is wastewater, surface water, groundwater or drinking
water, is defined by chemical and microbiological parameters, for which the legislator has set limits (e.g. in
the Drinking Water Ordinance). Since it is not allowed
to exceed these limits, it is important to reiterate the
analytical monitoring process at regular intervals.
The task of the Environmental Analysis is to develop and to apply methods which allow to identify and
quantify inorganic and organic compounds, either as
single substances or in total (as so called summary
parameter) in various environmental compartments,
such as water, waste water, landfill leachate, soil, sediment, sewage sludge etc. The high toxicity of some
substances and the problematic ecotoxicological properties, e.g. the tendency to undergo geo- or bioaccumulation, demands a specific and selective determination of substances in very low concentrations despite
possible interferences with other matrix components.
Therefore the methods have to be constantly optimised and interpretation of analytical data has always to
consider measurement uncertainty.
New technologies in the wastewater treatment or drinking water purification are most effectively developed
by a close co-operation at the interface between the
Engineering and Natural Sciences, e.g. the determination of the efficiency of a water purification method.
Effect-related analysis, in which the concentrations of
a pollutant in a sample are correlated with its biological effects as basis for a risk-assessment is one of the
numerous interdisciplinary networking areas of biology and chemistry.
Suitable biological test systems (bioassays), preferably as simply as possible, represent the basis for the
practicable application of this concept. Also formation
of the investigation of the environmental behaviour of
native and anthropogenic substances, e.g. degradation pathways and metabolites as well as the identification of microorganisms participating in the degradation reaction, requires that chemists and biologists
work hand in hand.
104
The Chair for Hydrochemistry and Hydrobiology at the
ISWA has been supervised by Prof. Dr. rer. nat Jörg
W. Metzger since 1996, being also the Head of the
Department of Hydrochemistry. The division of Applied
Biology is managed by Dr.-Ing. Wolf Rüdiger Müller.
Teaching Activities
The Department of Hydrochemistry offers a broad range of basic and advanced courses for the students of
the Bachelor and Master programs Civil Engineering
and Environmental Engineering and the master programs WAREM and WASTE at the Universität Stuttgart.
The lectures cover all important topics of Chemistry
of Water and Waste Water, Water- and Soil Protection
and Environmental Analysis. A deeper insight to these
issues is given by practical courses, e.g. for sampling
or chemical analysis in the chemical and microbiological laboratories of the department.
Courses for Environmental Engineering
• Umweltchemie mit Praktikum; Environmental
Chemistry (lecture and practical laboratory work)
• Umweltanalytik II mit Praktikum; Environmental
Analysis (lecture and practical laboratory work)
• Chemische Grundlagen des Gewässerschutzes;
Chemical Basis for Water Resource Protection
• Ökotoxikologie und Bewertung von Schadstoffen;
Ecotoxicology and Risk Assessment of Pollutants
• Wasser- und Abwasserchemie mit Praktikum;
Chemistry of Water and Waste Water (lecture and
practical laboratory work)
• Praktikum chemische Wassertechnologie; Chemical Water Technology (practical laboratory work)
• Qualitätssicherung in der chemischen Analytik;
Quality Assurance in Chemical Analysis
• Messen und Analysieren von Gewässerverunreinigungen mit Praktikum; Measurement and Analysis
of Water Pollution (lecture and practical laboratory
work)
• Schadstoffanalytik mit Praktikum; Analysis of Pollutants (lecture and practical laboratory work)
Courses for Civil Engineering
• Chemie für Bauingenieure; Chemistry for Civil Engineers
• Wasser- und Abwasserchemie; Chemistry of Water and Waste Water
• Biologie und Chemie von Wasser und Abwasser
mit Praktikum; Biology and Chemistry of Water
and Waste Water (lecture and practical laboratory
work)
Courses for WASTE
• Introductory course Bioorganic Chemistry
• Chemistry and Microbiology of Potable and Waste
Water
• Water Analysis and Analytical Quality Control (lecture and practical laboratory work)
Courses for WAREM
• Introductory course Bioorganic Chemistry
• Chemistry and Microbiology of Potable and Waste
Water
• Water Analysis and Analytical Quality Control
• Chemische Grundlagen des Gewässerschutzes;
Chemical Fundamentals of Water Resource Protection
• Umweltanalytik II mit Praktikum¸Environmental
Analysis (lecture and practical laboratory work)
International
In co-operation with the Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba (Brasil) and the Brazilian industry association SENAI, a postgraduate master program in Environmental Engineering EDUBRAS (Educação Brasil)
was launched supported by DAAD. Within the scope
of this program the lectures Environmental Chemistry,
Environmental Analysis,
Chemistry of Water and
Waste Water and Ecotoxicology and Risk Assessment
of Pollutants are offered by Prof. Jörg Metzger from
March 2008 on. This master program conclude after
four semester with a master of science degree.
Within the activities of proficiency testing in analytical
chemistry (AQS Baden-Württemberg) the institute has
co-operations with the following organisations:
• Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, Braunschweig, Germany
• International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, Austria
• Southern African Development Community Cooperation in Measurement Traceability, Pretoria,
South Africa
Ph.D. Thesis
Final Reports of the Chair
Développement de nouvelles techniques de détermination des pesticides et contribution à la
réduction de leur impact sur les eaux par utilisation des Substances Organiques Naturelles
(S.O.N.)
Metzger, J. und Scholz-Muramatsu, H. (2007): Mikrobiologische Charakterisierung der reduktiven Dechlorierung von chlorierten Ethenen und Ermittlung
der Bedingungen für den vollständigen Abbau in-situ.
Verbundprojekt: Untersuchungen zur Indikation von
mikrobiellem LCKW-Abbau am Beispiel des Standortes
Perleberg. Schlussbericht Forschungsvorhaben im Förderschwerpunkt KORA, BMBF 02WN0372
Hicham EL BAKOURI, Thèse de Doctorat, 21.01.2006
Département de Génie Chimique de la Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université Abdelmalek Essaadi,
Tanger (Maroc).
Président de Jury: Dr.-Ing. Wolf-Rüdiger Müller
Kuch, Bertram; Rupp, Silke; Fischer, Klaus; Kranert,
Martin; Metzger, Jörg W. (2007): Untersuchungen von
Komposten und Gärsubstraten auf organische Schadstoffe in Baden-Württemberg. Schlussbericht des Forschungsvorhabens FZKA-BWPLUS, BWR 24026.
105
Publications
Boley, Angela; Unger, Beatriz; Müller, Wolf-Rüdiger;
Kuch, Bertram; Deger, Ayse (2006): Biological drinking water treatment for nitrate and pesticide (endosulfan) elimination. Wat.Sci.Technol., Water Supply 6,
123-127.
Boley, Angela; Frommert, Irene; Müller, Wolf-Rüdiger
(2006): A biological filtration process for denitrification
with polycaprolactone as solid substrate in a rotating
reactor. In: Gimbel, R., Graham, J.D. and Collins, M.R.
(ed.): Recent progress in slow sand and alternative
biofiltration processes. IWA Publishing, London.
Koch, Michael (2006): Messunsicherheit in der Trinkwasseranalytik. Bundesgesundheitsblatt-Gesundheitsforschung-Gesundheitsschutz 10 49, 1027-1033.
König, Andreas; Baumeister, Frank (2006): A microbial sensor for measuring Biochemical Oxygen Demand
of nitrification and nitrification inhibitors. Biosensors
and Bioassays Based on Microorganisms. K. Riedel, G.
Kunze and K.H.R. Baronian. Kerala, India, Research
Signpost: 87-104.
Metzger, Jörg W. (2006): Organische Spurenstoffe im
Wasserkreislauf - (K)ein Problem für das Trinkwasser?
Begleitband der Vortragsreihe Stiftung für Lebensmittelsicherheit und Verbraucherschutz, 26-29.
Metzger, J. und Scholz-Muramatsu, H. (2007): Mikrobiologische Charakterisierung der reduktiven Dechlorierung von chlorierten Ethenen und Ermittlung
der Bedingungen für den vollständigen Abbau in-situ.
Verbundprojekt: Untersuchungen zur Indikation von
mikrobiellem LCKW-Abbau am Beispiel des Standortes
Perleberg. Schlussbericht Forschungsvorhaben im Forschwerpunkt KORA, BMBF 02WN0372.
Rienitz, Olaf; Schiel, Detlef; Güttler, Bernd; Koch,
Michael; Borchers, Ulrich (2007): A convenient and
economic approach to achieve SI-traceable reference
values to be used in drinking-water interlaboratory
comparisons. Accred Qual Assur - Springer Verlag 12,
615-622.
Tebbe, Ch. C.; Freygang, M.; Scholz-Muramatsu, H.
(2007): Untersuchungen zur Indikation von mikrobiellem LCKW-Abbau am Beispiel des Standortes Perleberg. Standortbeschreibung, Schadstoffspektrum
und -Verteilung (Ausgangssituation). 3. BMBF-Statusseminar KORA, 27.09.2007, Stuttgart.
106
Tebbe, Ch. C.; Scholz-Muramatsu, H. (2007): Untersuchungen zur Indikation von mikrobiellem LCKW-Abbau am Beispiel des Standortes Perleberg. Molekulare
und mikrobiologische Analysen zur Untersuchung des
reduktiven LCKW Abbaus. 3. BMBF-Statusseminar
KORA, 27.09.2007, Stuttgart.
Tebbe, Ch. C.; Scholz-Muramatsu, H.; Vigelahn, L.
(2007): Untersuchungen zur Indikation von mikrobiellem LCKW-Abbau am Beispiel des Standortes Perleberg. Stimulierung des reduktiven LCKW-Abbaus
durch Melasse-Infiltration. 3. BMBF-Statusseminar
KORA, 27.09.2007, Stuttgart.
Tebbe Ch. C.; Dowideit K.; Miethling-Graff R.; Vigelahn
L.; Freygang M.; Scholz-Muramatsu H. (2007): Untersuchungen zur Indikation von mikrobiellem LCKW-Abbau am Beispiel des Standortes Perleberg
(1) Standortbeschreibung,
(2) Molekulare und mikrobiologische Analysen zur Untersuchung des reduktiven LCKW Abbaus,
(3) Stimulierung des reduktiven LCKW Abbaus durch
Melasse-Infiltration.
Poster 3. BMBF-Statusseminar KORA, 27.09.2007,
Stuttgart.
Vigelahn L.; Freygang M.; Scholz-Muramatsu H. (2006):
Säulenversuche zur Bestimmung der Dechlorierungsrate in Bodenproben. In: DECHEMA, Forschungs- und
Projektkoordination, Frankfurt-Main (Hrsg.), Kontrollierter natürlicher Rückhalt und Abbau von Schadstoffen bei der Sanierung kontaminierter Grundwässer
und Böden (KORA), Statusseminar 2006.
Zulian, Alessandra; Petronilli, Valeria; Bova, Sergio;
Dabbeni-Sala, Federica; Cargnelli, Gabriella; Cavalli,
Maurizio; Rennison, David; Stäb, Jessica; Laita, Olivia;
Lee, Dong Jun; Brimble, Margaret A.; Hopkins, Brian;
Bernardi, Paolo; Ricchelli, Fernanda (2007): Assessing
the molecular basis for rat-selective induction of the
mitochondrial permeability transition by norbormide.
Biochimica est biophysica Acta (BBA) - Bioenergetics
1767(7), 980-988.
Contact
Tel.: ++49 (0)711/685-63721
Fax: ++49 (0)711/685-63729
Secretary´s office
Dörte Hahn
Tel.: ++49 (0)711/685-63721
Fax: ++49 (0)711/685-63729
Hydrochemistry
Tel.: ++49 (0)711/685-63721
Fax: ++49 (0)711/685-63729
Biology
Tel.: ++49 (0)711 685-65411
Fax: ++49 (0)711 685-63729
107
Hydrochemistry
Research topics:
• Environmental analysis
• Examination of occurence and
fate as well as risk assessment
of environmentally relevant chemicals
• Biosensors for the determination
of inhibition of nitrification
• Biological in-vitro test systems,
for the determination of hormonal activity of environmental
samples, i.e. E-SCREENAssay
and YES-Assay
• Quality Assurance in Analytical
Chemistry
We have a nose for it
In the hydrochemistry department the main subjects dealt with are environmental chemistry and, in particular,
environmental analyses.
Some of the research work here deals with the question of the volume of medicines entering domestic wastewater, how these are degraded in a treatment plant and the influence they have on aquatic communities. We are especially interested in the volume of such chemicals retained in treatment plants, either by degradation processes
in the various purification stages or by enrichment in the sewage sludge. As a consequence, we also investigate
water bodies, above all with the question of whether and to what extent chemicals in the water are ingested by
aquatic organisms (e.g. fish), are enriched within their bodies, or degraded or altered by their metabolism. A
whole series of trace analysis methods are available for these investigations; these methods were, in part, specially developed in the hydrochemistry department. We are also engaged in the monitoring of treatment plants
with regard to substances in the water that can interfere with components of the biological purification stages.
A specially developed bio-sensor test system can be implemented for this purpose; it is suitable for recognition
of nitrification-inhibiting compounds. Moreover, we also deal with external quality assurance in water chemistry
laboratories and competence assessments. In the fields of drinking water, wastewater and groundwater analysis,
this involves proficiency tests for laboratories, which are in part obligatory for state recognition of the laboratories. In addition, further water chemistry problems in the fields mentioned are investigated.
108
Hydrochemistry CH
Projects
Elimination of pharmaceuticals and bacteria from
hospital waste water in a membrane bioreactor
Pathogens, resistant bacteria, pharmaceutical active substances and endocrine disrupting substances
(EDS) may enter municipal WWTPs via wastewater of
hospitals. Some of these substances which are hardly
removable in the WWTPs are discharged in the receiving water.
A rotation disk filter, which treats directly the hospital
waste water, was developed at the Instítute for Interfacial Engineering (university of Stuttgart, IGVT) and
the Fraunhofer Institute for Interfacial Engineering and
Biotechnology IGB. The system improves the removal
of pathogens and pharmaceuticals using the technology of a membrane bio reactor. The cooperation of
IGVT, IGB and the Institute of Sanitary Engineering,
Water Quality and Solid Waste Management will investigate the fate of pharmaceuticals in the filter system
which will be installed in the “Robert-Bosch”-hospital
in Stuttgart.
Project partner:
Fraunhofer Institut für Grenzflächen- und Bioverfahrenstechnik (IGB), Stuttgart
Duration:
2005/2006
Contact:
Dr. Bertram Kuch
Determination of organic contaminants in composts and digestates in the state of Baden-Württemberg, South-West-Germany
the range of 1200 - 3500 µg/kg d.w., PCB were found
in concentrations between 20 and 35 µg/kg d.w.. For
both classes of substances as a tendency lower concentrations were found in green compost. Seasonal
variations were observed for PAH, nonylphenols and
DDE, a stable degradation product of DDT.
Programm Lebensgrundlage Umwelt und ihre Sicherung (BWPLUS), Förderkennzeichen BWR 24026,
Duration:
10/2005 – 09/2006
Contact:
Prof. Dr. Jörg W. Metzger, Prof. Dr. Martin Kranert
(Lehrstuhl Abfallwirtschaft und Abluft), Dr. Klaus Fischer (Abt. SIA), Dr. Bertram Kuch.
Comparison of the cleaning efficiency of sand
filtration and ultrafiltration by the example of a
municipal wastewater treatment plant located
on the “Schwäbische Alb”
The small WWTP (2300 p.e) investigated in this project discharges its purificated waste water directly into
the soil. The location near a water protection zone requires
advanced wastewater treatment steps. To compare
the effiency of different techniques the purificated
wastewater is treated parallel with large-scaled sand
filtration units and ultrafiltration membranes. Downstream the UF effluent additionally two activated carbon filtration units (granulated AC) are installed. The
results for some of the examined parameters available
up to now show an efficient reduction (COD, Ntot, Ptot,
organic micropollutants, hygienic parameters).
Numerous investigations prove the occurrence of
organic pollutants in sewage sludge. Therefore the
agricultural use of sewage sludge is controversially
discussed. For the final assessment of possible risks
connected to the agricultural use of compost and digestate the current knowledge is not sufficient.
Gemeinde Merklingen, Regierungspräsidium Tübingen, Ministerium für Umwelt und Verkehr BadenWürttemberg
In this monitoring study the output material of 16
composting plants in Baden-Wuerttemberg was analysed for various organic trace pollutants such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), polybrominated flame retardants
and nonylphenols, which are a class of endocrine disrupting compounds. The concentrations of PAH were in
Contact:
Project partner:
Gemeinde Merklingen, Ingenieurbüro Dr.-Ing. Jedele
und Partner GmbH, Stuttgart
Dr. Bertram Kuch
109
AQS Baden-Württemberg (analytical quality control Baden-Württemberg)
The Institute for Sanitary Engineering, Water Quality
and Solid Waste Management is one of the largest proficiency test (PT) provider for chemical water analysis
in Europe. These Pts are organized on behalf of the
ministry of environment and the ministry of nutrition
and rural affairs in Baden-Württemberg.
Three PT rounds for the analysis drinking water and
usually two rounds for analysis of waste water are
conducted per year for officially notified laboratories
in Germany. Besides that one PT round for rapid test
analysis in waster treatment plants and one round in
the framework of a large groundwater monitoring programme are organized.
Client:
Umweltministerium Baden-Württemberg, Ministerium für Ernährung und Ländlichen Raum BadenWürttemberg
Project manager:
Dr.-Ing. Michael Koch
PT manager:
Secretary´s office:
Heidemarie Sanwald
Further informations:
http://www.aqsbw.de
The actual programme can be found on http://www.
aqsbw.de.
Chemicals used for the production of PT samples
110
High-precision balances for the net weight of chemicals and solutions
Hydrochemistry CH
Sample preparation for the proficiency test (PT)
High-grade steel vessel (2,1 m3) for pasteurisation of waste water, drinking
water and ground water
Stock solutions for the preparation of PT samples
111
Master- and Diploma Thesis
Study on a new way to realize a solid substrate
framework for denitrification
Pongtawat Wattana (2007)
Master Thesis
Long-term stability and management of iron treated soil contaminated with chromated c o p p e r
arsenate (CCA)
Untersuchung zur Extraktion von Arsenspezies
aus Algen / Investigations of the extraction of
arsenic species from algae
Ludger Schrempf (2006)
Diploma Thesis
Untersuchung der Belastung von Böden mit persistenten organischen Spurenstoffen / Analyses
of persistent organic pollutants in soil
Die Testung mikrobieller Biosensoren für die Bestimmung nitrikationshemmender Substanzen
und Abwasserproben einer Industriekläranlage
im Vergleich zu dem Verfahren nach DIN EN ISO
9509 / Testing of microbial biosensors for the determination of nitrification inhibiting substances
and waste water samples from an industrial waste water treatment plant in comparison with the
methods according to DIN EN ISO 9509
Jessica Stäb (2007)
Diploma Thesis
Bin Huang (2006)
Diploma Thesis
Untersuchung zur Bestimmung von polycyclischen
aromatischen
Kohlenwasserstoffen
(PAK) mittels GC/MS / Investigations on the
determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) using GC/MS
Eintrag und Abbauverhalten bisher wenig untersuchter Pharmazeutika in der aquatischenUmwelt / Input and biodegradability of less
investigated pharmaceuticals in the aquatic environment
Susanne Görgens (2007)
Diploma Thesis
Christoph Trautwein (2006)
Diploma Thesis
Ermittlung des Vorkommens und der Elimination
von estrogen aktiven Substanzen im Lehr- und
Forschungsklärwerk Stuttgart-Büsnau - Bewertung des E-Screen-Assays als in vitro-Testverfahren / Determination of occurance and elimination of estrogenic substances in the research
treatment plant Stuttgart-Büsnau – evaluation
of the E-screen-assay as in-vitro-test
Bestimmung von Moschusduftstoffen in Körperpflegeprodukten und Bedarfsgegenständen mittels Gaschromatographie-Massenspektrometrie
(GC-MS) / Determination of musks in body care
products and articles of daily use using gas chromatography – mass spectrometry (GC/MS)
Eva Staudigl (2007)
Master Thesis
Cornelia Klaus (2007)
Diploma Thesis
112
Thilo Kunst (2006)
Diploma Thesis
Hydrochemistry CH
Contact
Dipl.-Chem. Jessica Stäb
Tel: ++49 (0) 711/685-63721
Fax: ++49 (0) 711/685-63729
Tel: ++49 (0) 711/685-63727
Fax: ++49 (0) 711/685-67809
Christina Weber
Secretary´s office
Dörte Hahn (Hydrochemie)
Tel: ++49 (0) 711/685-63720
Fax: ++49 (0) 711/685-67809
Tel: ++49 (0) 711/685-63721
Fax: ++49 (0) 711/685-63729
Laboratory
Heidemarie Sanwald (AQS)
Chemical technical employee
Tel: ++49 (0) 711/685-65446
Fax: ++49 (0) 711/685-67809
Michael Braun (Chemo technician)
Tel: ++49 (0) 711/685-65446
Maria Gebauer (CTA)
Lab- and Project Management AQS
Tel: ++49 (0) 711/685-65454
Gertrud Joas (CTA)
Tel: ++49 (0) 711/685-65444
Fax: ++49 (0) 711/685-67809
Tel: ++49 (0) 711/685-65453
Andrea Kern (LTA)
Research Assistants
Tel: ++49 (0) 711/685-63727
Dr.-Ing. Frank Baumeister
Cornelia Orth (Dipl.-Ing., FH)
Tel: ++49 (0) 711/685-65442
Fax: ++49 (0) 711/685-67809
Tel: ++49 (0) 711/685-65454
Dr. rer. nat. Bertram Kuch
Tel: ++49 (0) 711/685-65454
Ellen Raith-Bausch (Chemo technician)
Tel: ++49 (0) 711/685-65443
Fax: ++49 (0) 711/685-67809
Dipl.-Biol. Biljana Maric
Tel: ++49 (0) 711/685-65447
Fax: ++49 (0) 711/685-67809
Dipl.-Ing. Jörg Alexander Pfeiffer
Tel: ++49 (0) 711/685-63720
Fax: ++49 (0) 711/685-67809
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Biology
Research topics:
• Biological degradation and risk
assessment of pollutants, chemicals, and organic solid substrates
as well as polymers
• Development of specific test
equipments
• Low-tech effective biological water treatment with biodegradable
polymers
• Biological remediation of organic pollutants from contaminated
aquifers
The biology section deals with methods for investigation of the biological degradation of pollutants, chemicals,
solid organic substances and polymers in water and the soil. The focal points of our work include remediation
methods and measuring and verification methods.
In many cases of biological degradation, a thorough verification of the fate of substances and their intermediate
products is required, in order to address the hazard of accumulation in the environment. To be able to classify a
substance as “completely degradable“, its conversion to mineralization products must be proven. This is why the
Sapromat, designed at the institute, was enhanced to facilitate the verification of complete, aerobic, biological
degradation of an organic substance to carbon dioxide, water and biomass. Further inhouse developments, the
“Denimat“ and the “Methanomat“, allow automated degradation investigations under anoxic and anaerobic conditions.
Typical problems involved with drinking water supplies in rural areas include the high nitrate and pesticide content in groundwater. Using our invention, which utilizes biodegradable polymers as carrier substances and as a
source of carbon for a single-stage process in water treatment, it is possible to achieve simultaneous biological
nitrate and pollutant elimination in drinking water treatment, in wastewater treatment, and in fish production and
aquariums.
Numerous groundwater reservoirs in Germany are polluted by industrial pollutants. Chlorinated solvents are
among the most widespread substances. Investigations aimed at the remediation of contaminated areas are carried out within the context of a programme sponsored by the Federal Ministry of Education and Research. The aim
of this project is to gain an understanding of the fundamentals involved in the participation of microorganisms in
the conversion of volatile organic hydrocarbons.
114
Biology BIO
Projects
Microbiological characterization of the reductive
dechlorination of volatile chlorinated hydrocarbons and investigation of optimum conditions
for complete in-situ attenuation, within the
BMBF funding priority “KORA, Retention and degradation processes to reduce contaminants in
groundwater and soil” thematic network 3, chemical industry, metal processing.
The volatile chlorinated hydrocarbon contaminated
site “Perleberg”, Northern Germany is considered as
example to identify the processes and the environmental conditions, which control and limit a complete reductive dechlorination of the chlorinated ethenes
in the aquifer. In laboratory experiments (microcosm
studies, column experiments with undisturbed aquifer samples under conditions close to those in-situ)
as well as in the field the spreading of the dechlorinating bacteria and the dechlorinating processes are to
be determined in association with the environmental
conditions.
(BMBF)
Project partner:
1. Bundesforschungsanstalt für Landwirtschaft, Institut für Agrarökologie, „FAL”, Projektleiter Dr. C.
Tebbe
2. Brandenburgische Bodengesellschaft für Grundstücksverwaltung und –verwertung mbH, Projektleiterin Dipl.-Ing. M. Freygang
Duration:
07/2002 - 10/2006
Contact:
Dr. rer.nat. Heidrun Scholz-Muramatsu
Schema of reductive dechlorination of tetrachlorethene
Dechlororespiration for remediation of groundwater
115
In-situ ultrasound cleaning for small membrane
systems in drinking water treatment
The objective of this study was the development of a
new process for the in-situ cleaning of fouled membranes in drinking water treatment systems with the help
of ultrasound. The application of this method could reduce chemical cleaning and be suitable for small decentralized drinking water treatment units.
Occurrence of membrane fouling due to organic and
inorganic pollutants generally results in decreasing
membrane performance combined with increasing
resistance. For conventional cleaning processes the
membrane operation has to be interrupted, chemicals
are added and large amounts of water are used for
backwashing. This is not acceptable for small decentralized treatment units.
In this study different combinations of ultrasound
cleaning and membrane filtration were examined. Flat
membranes as well as tubular membranes were applied. The system, which appeared to be best suitable for upscaling, was used for the development of an
ultrafiltration module with ultrasound in a „functional
model“ and tested in long-term experiments in comparison with a reference module without ultrasound.
This concept was realized and tested both with ceramic
and polymer membranes. These experiments resulted
in an ultrasound enhanced backwashing ultrafiltration process. However in all experiments with ceramic
membranes damages on the membrane surfaces were
observed, which were due to the effect of ultrasonic
cavitation.
An automated membrane cleaning by means of ultrasound appears feasible and could be used in an autarkic operating, decentralized small membrane system.
However the destructive cavitation effects of the ultrasound have to be avoided.
To overcome these problems different possibilities
were examined theoretically and practically, e.g. higher fre-quencies of the ultrasound and protection of the
ceramic layers by coatings. However such solutions
would not be marketable due to high costs, despite
partial successful results.
With this study a basis for optimization approaches is
available for future product developments.
116
Semi-technical pilot plant for long-term experiments
with the ultrasound membrane module
German Federal Ministry of Economics and Technology (“InnoNet”)
Project partner:
1.Fraunhofer-Institut für Solare Energie Systeme,
Freiburg
2.Grünbeck Wasseraufbereitung GmbH, Höchstädt/
Donau
3.Dr. Hielscher GmbH, Berlin
4.ItN Nanovation GmbH, Saarbrücken
5.Biofilm Center Universität Duisburg-Essen
Duration:
07/2003 – 12/2006
Contact:
Dr. Angela Boley
Biology BIO
Joint project: Development of Novel Processes
for Simultaneous Elimination of Organic Pollutants and Nitrate from Drinking Water by Means
of Biodegradable Solid Substrates
Even with many legislative regulations not everywhere
efforts have been successful to diminish concentrations of Nitrate and Pesticides in groundwater. The aim
of this project is the development of a simple and costeffective combined process which allows not only the
biological removal of Nitrate but also Pesticides. In this
technology we use biodegradable polymers (BDP) as
substrates for the heterotrophic denitrification process,
e.g. PHB (Poly-Hydroxy-Butyric Acid) or PCL (Poly-εCaprolactone). The water insoluble polymer granules
act as growth surface for microorganisms and at the
same time as organic substrate which can be activated
via bacterial exoenzymes and on this way being used
for denitrification. In addition the polymers perform as
sorbents for the dissolved organic contaminants, e.g.
pesticides.
In the scope of the project different technical realizations in form of reactor configurations and reactor types are being examined. The performance of different
available biodegradable polymers is tested in advance
with long term biological test processes thus complementing the pilot testing with semi-technical reactors.
As this process is aimed to be applied in drinking water
treatment all aspects of the use of BDPs shall be examined. This means between others the examination
of the „leachate“ products of the biodegradable polymers, the products which occur during the anoxic bi-
odegradation step and of course also the examination
of the biocenosis in the reactors. A check of potentially
pathogenic bacteria will be carried out.
A long-term objective of the project is the authorization of polymers according to the „List of Treatment
Substances and Disinfection Processes“ as per § 11 of
the German Drinking Water Ordinance (TrinkwV 2001)
and the treatment processes connected with. This List
is maintained at the Federal Environment Agency on
behalf of the Federal Ministry of Health, Berlin.
Projektträger: Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe - Bereich Wassertechnologie und Entsorgung
Representing the German Ministry of Education and
Research (BMBF)
Project partner:
1. Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe (FZKA)
2. Technologiezentrum Wasser, Karlsruhe (TZW)
3. Universität Karlsruhe, Engler-Bunte-Institut,
Lehrstuhl für Wasserchemie(UKA)
4. Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg
(MLU)
5. Firma Nordic Water GmbH
6. Firma Formtechnik in Südbaden GmbH & Co. KG
7. Tsinghua University, Institute for Nuclear Energy
Technology Beijing
Duration:
10/2006 - 09/2009
Contact:
Dr. Angela Boley
Dipl.-Ing. Martin Kieninger
Pilot plant for the denitrification and pesticide removal with biodegradable polymers
„Dynasand-Reactor“ (Nordic Water)
„Roto-Bio-Reactor“ (Formtechnik in Südbaden)
117
Woche der Umwelt 2007, Schloss Bellevue,
Berlin
The „Woche der Umwelt“ („Week of Environment“) has
been organized for the third time by the German Foundation Environment DBU (Deutsche Bundesstiftung
Umwelt) under the patronage of the German President
Horst Köhler.
A steering committee selected promising projects in
the area Environmental Technology, Climate Protection, Water Pollution Control and Soil Conservation to
be presented.
Our exhibit was particular in that sense that we presented a biologically fully active pilot, in which we demonstrated the use of a biodegradable polymer PCL
(= Poly-ε-Caprolactone) for denitrification purposes
(biological Nitrate Elimination) in water treatment, see
Scheme.
The effluent of the fixed bed reactor is conducted
through a 2nd spectrometer back to the complete
mixed tank. With the flow rate and the difference of
concentrations measured by the spectrometers the
volumetric denitrification performance of the reactor
can be determined.
In order to provide the Nitrate consumed, a HNO3solution is dosed via a pH-control unit. The complete
mixed tank has to be aerated to remove the CO2 produced.
Financial means of the Institute, within the project
of the Federal Ministry of Education and Research
(BMBF, Berlin), see above
Contact:
Dr. Angela Boley
The water is pumped from the complete mixed tank
via a UV-spectrometer unit into the fixed bed reactor
with PCL-granules. Nitrate is reduced via Nitrite to Nitrogen gas. In addition carbon dioxide and biomass is
formed, the pH will increase.
Scheme of a Pilot „ISWA-Denitrification Unit” in Batch Operation Mode
118
Biology BIO
An overview of the techniques to clean membranes used in micro- and ultrafiltration for drinking
and wastewater treatment.
Study on a new process with a solid substrate as
a carbon source for denitrification.
Kenan Güney (WAREM) (2006)
Tutor: Dr. Angela Boley
Supervisor: Dr.-Ing. Wolf-Rüdiger Müller
Independent Study
Pongtawat Wattana (WASTE) (2007)
Supervisor: Prof. Dr. rer. nat. habil. Jörg W. Metzger,
Master Thesis
Comparative study of ultrasonic cleaning method
on microfiltration / ultrafiltration membranes.
A general research on ultrasonic cleaning of ceramic and polymer membranes.
Kumar Narasimhan (WASTE) (2006)
Independent Study
Kumar Narasimhan (WASTE) (2007)
Supervisor: Dr.-Ing. Wolf-Rüdiger Müller,
Master Thesis
Theoretical and experimental simulation of the
production of NO2-, N2O and N2 in the denitrification process with the use of a new device for the
determination of N2O and CO2.
Ghulam Murshid (WASTE) (2007)
Tutors: Dr. Angela Boley, Irene Frommert
Independent Study
Aspects of the use of the zeolite clinoptilolite for
ammonia removal in the treatment of polluted
groundwater recovery.
Ceren Balkanay (WASTE) (2007)
Tutor: Dr.-Ing. Wolf-Rüdiger Müller, Irene Frommert
Independent Study
Aspects of PHB-production in a WWTP with raw
WW and activated sludge.
Analytical determination and characterization of
potential metabolites generated by the biodegradation of Poly(ε-caprolactone) under denitrifying conditions.
Jennifer Schmeier, (WASTE) ( 2007)
Tutors: Dr. Angela Boley, Dr. Bertram Kuch
Master Thesis
Remediation of an existing groundwater purification plant to guarantee the ammonia-elimination
Wengchen Yan (Umweltschutztechnik) (2007)
Tutor: Dr.-Ing. Wolf-Rüdiger Müller
Supervisor: Dr.-Ing. Uwe Menzel,
Diploma Thesis
Iosif Mariakakis (WASTE) (2007)
Tutors: Irene Frommert, Dr.-Ing. Wolf-Rüdiger Müller
Independent Study
Study on a new approach for denitrification with
solid substrates.
Eva Mia Siska, (WAREM) (2006)
Master Thesis
119
Co-Supervision Diploma- und Master Thesis
An evaluation into the performance of an anaerobic reactor from a wastewater treatment plant
in Knittlingen.
Erika Lothes (WAREM) (2007)
Tutors: Dipl.-Ing. Marius Mohr, Dr.-Ing. Werner Sternad, Fraunhofer Institut für Grenzflaechen- und Bioverfahrenstechnik
Supervisor: Prof. Dr.-Ing. Herwig Brunner, Dr.-Ing.
Wolf-Rüdiger Müller
Master Thesis
An evaluation of high load anaerobic digestion
of primary sludge produced in a semi-centralized
wastewater treatment plant in relation with the
concept DEUS 21.
Ceren Balkanay (WASTE) (2007)
Tutors: Dipl.-Ing. Marius Mohr, Dr.-Ing. Werner Sternad, Fraunhofer Institut für Grenzflaechen- und Bioverfahrenstechnik
Supervisor: Prof. Dr.-Ing. Herwig Brunner,
Master Thesis
Co-Report Ph.D. Thesis
Développement de nouvelles techniques de détermination des pesticides et contribution à la
réduction de leur impact sur les eaux par utilisation des Substances Organiques Naturelles
(S.O.N.)
Hicham EL BAKOURI, Thèse de Doctorat, 21.01.2006
Département de Génie Chimique de la Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université Abdelmalek Essaadi,
Tanger (Maroc).
Président de Jury: Dr.-Ing. Wolf-Rüdiger Müller
Co-Report Ph.D. Thesis
120
The influence of microbial processes on the H2content and the highly volatile chlorinated hydrocarbon compounds in Fe0-Reaction sheet pile
walls.
Christina Melanie Haberer (Umweltschutztechnik)
(2007)
Supervisor: Prof. Dr. rer. nat. habil. Karl-Heinrich Engesser, Dr. Andreas Tiehm, DVGW Technologiezentrum
Wasser, Karlsruhe, Dr.-Ing. Wolf-Rüdiger Müller
Diploma Thesis
Biology BIO
Contact
Tel.: ++49 (0)711 685 65411
Fax:
++49 (0)711 685 63729
Research Assistants
Dr. rer. nat. Angela Boley
Tel.: ++49 (0)711 685 65441
Fax:
++49 (0)711 685 63729
Dr. rer. nat. Heidrun Scholz-Muramatsu
Tel.:
++49 (0)711 685 65474
Fax:
++49 (0)711 685 63729
Tel.:
++49 (0)711 685 63733
Fax:
++49 (0)711 685 63729
121
Sewage Treatment Plant for Research and
Education
The facilities of the LFKW play an important part in the traditionally practice-oriented education at our institute.
Within the scope of practical training measures, the assistance in research projects and working on Master’s theses, the students are provided with plenty of opportunities to become familiar with the details of the equipment
and the operation of a highly mechanized sewage treatment plant.
The LFKW is operated under real conditions: its primary task is the purification of the wastewater from the university campus in Stuttgart-Vaihingen and from the nearby Büsnau district of which the total daily volume is about
2.000 cubic metres. In order to comply with the strong official discharge regulations and to provide opportunities
for research at the same time, the LFKW has a multitrack purification system: all process steps required for advanced wastewater treatment consist of at least two parallel units. In this way separate plant components can
be used at any time for fullscale research, independent of the other units and without any adverse effects on
the quality of the final effluent. Additional experimental areas inside and outside of a large two-storey hall offer
a wide variety of options for research work and individually contracted investigations on a semi-technical scale.
The LFKW also offers its services to technical companies, operators of municipal environmental facilities and
engineer’s offices: from the testing of measuring devices, chemical aids etc. under practical conditions through
the manufacturing of laboratory test equipment to the leasing of complete pilot plants for the treatment of wastewater, sludge and exhaust air.
122
Sewage Treatment Plant for Research and Education LFKW
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Contact
Tel: ++49 (0)711/685-63724
Fax:++49 (0)711/685-67637
137
Imprint
Publisher:
Institute for Sanitary Engineering, Water Quality and
Bandtäle 2
70569 Stuttgart
Germany
www.iswa.uni-stuttgart.de/index.en.html
Cover:
Solutioncube GmbH
Conception:
Dipl.-Geol. Detlef Clauß
M.A. Constanze Sanwald
© 2008
138
Chair of Sanitary Engineering
and Water Quality Management
Tel.: ++49 (0) 711/685-63711
Water Quality Management and
Water Supply | WGW
Tel.: ++49 (0) 711/685-65423
Industrial Water and Wastewater
Technology | IWT
Solid Waste | SIA
Management
Tel.: ++49 (0) 711/685-65427
Hazardous Waste and
Contaminated Sites | SOA
Tel.: ++49 (0) 711/685-65438
| ALR
Measuring in Air Pollution
Control | TAL
Tel.: ++49 (0) 711/685-65416
| AWT
Dr.-Ing. Uwe Menzel
Tel.: ++49 (0) 711/685-65417
Tel.: ++49 (0) 711/685-63723
Hydrochemistry | CH
o. Prof. Dr. rer. nat. habil. Jörg W.
Metzger . Tel.: ++49 (0) 711/685-63721
Biology | BIO
Tel.: ++49 (0) 711/685-65420
Chair of Waste Management and
Emissions
Tel.: ++49 (0) 711/685-65411
Sewage Treatment Plant for
Research and Education | LFKW
Tel.: ++49 (0) 711/685-63724
Tel.: ++49 (0) 711/685-65500
Administrative Office
Tel.: ++49 (0) 711/685-63713
Prof. Dr. rer. nat. Karl-Heinrich
Engesser . Tel.: ++49 (0) 711/685-63734
| BIO
Bandtäle 2
70569 Stuttgart
Germany
Tel.: ++49 (0) 711/685-63711
Fax: ++49 (0) 711/685-63729
Chair of Sanitary Engineering and
Waterrecycling
Chair of Hydrochemistry and
Hydrobiology
| CH
| IWT
| LFKW
| SIA
| SOA
| TAL
| WGW

Institute for Sanitary Engineering, Water Quality and Solid Waste

Transcription

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