[Table ronde] = Genetics and Systematics of Trichinella [Round table]

University of Nebraska - Lincoln
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Faculty Publications from the Harold W. Manter
Laboratory of Parasitology
Parasitology, Harold W. Manter Laboratory of
1-1-1991
Génétique Systematique et des Trichinella [Table
ronde] = Genetics and Systematics of Trichinella
[Round table]
K. D. Murrell
University of Copenhagen
J. Ralph Lichtenfels
United State Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service
Robert L. Rausch
University of Washington, [email protected]
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Murrell, K. D.; Lichtenfels, J. Ralph; and Rausch, Robert L., "Génétique Systematique et des Trichinella [Table ronde] = Genetics and
Systematics of Trichinella [Round table]" (1991). Faculty Publications from the Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology. Paper 747.
http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/parasitologyfacpubs/747
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Rausch in Annales de Parasitologie Humaine et Comparee 66:Suppl. I 23 (1991).
Copyright 1991, Masson, Paris.
Key-words: Trichinella spiralis. T. nativa. T. nelsoni. T. pseudospiralis. Taxonomy. Trichinella Reference Center. T-designation.
Mots-eMs: Trichinella spiralis. T. nativa. T. nelsoni. T. pseudospiralis. Taxonomie. Centre de Reference ponr Trichinella. Desi-
Ann. Parasitol. Hum. Comp.,
1991, 66, Suppl. I : 23.
Table ronde/Round table.
gnation « T ».
.
GENETIQUE ET SYSTEMATIQUE DES TRICHINELLA
GENETICS AND SYSTEMATICS OF TRICHINELLA
Organisateur/Organizer: K. D. MURRELL
Animateurs/Animators: J. R. LICHTENFELS, R. L. RAUSCH
Up to the present time, the existence of two species in
the genus Trichinella has been accepted by most workers.
The proliferation of isolates and the definition of numerous genetic populations have caused considerable confusion in recent years for taxonomists and others concerned
with these nematodes. The application of the biological
species-concept to nematodes of the genus Trichinella has
been difficult, but the recent investigations of Dr. E. Pozio
and coworkers at the Trichinella Reference Center (Laboratory of Parasitology, Istituto Superiore di Sanita, viale
Regina Elena, 299-00161 Rome, Italy) have provided new
information on numerous isolates from localities worldwide. By now, discrimination of taxa of the genus Trichinella can be based on biological, genetic, and environmental
characteristics, permitting the separation of four major taxa
for which we recommend specific designations of: Trichinella spiralis (Owen, 1835); T. pseudospiralis Garkavi,
1972; T. nativa Britov and Boev, 1972; and T. nelsoni
Britov and Boev, 1972. We recommend further that populations at the infraspecific level be named with the Tdesignations as published by the Rome laboratory.
Because of our inadequate knowledge of isolating mechanisms, potential gene-flow among these species cannot be
completely dimissed, and our recommendations are not universally supported. We believe, however, that the recommended taxonomy best reflects current knowledge.
For the future, we anticipate further clarification of the
genetics and systematics of Trichinella, especially if workers will continue to contribute isolates to the Trichinella
Reference Center. In addition, advances in molecular
genetics will permit the study of single first-stage larvae
(from muscle), resulting for the first time in genetic studies of individual worms. Such advances will continue to
clarify the genetics and systematics of a genus of nematodes of unusual biological interest and public Health significance.
Jusqu'a present, la plupart des auteurs ont accepte l'existence de deux especes dans Ie genre Trichinella. La proliferation des isolats et la definition de nombreuses populations genetiques ont cause, pendant les dernieres annees,
une confusion considerable pour les taxonomistes et les
autres chercheurs concernes par ces nematodes. L'application du concept biologique d'espece aux nematodes du genre
Trichinella a ete difficile, mais les recherches recentes du
Dr E. Pozio et colI. au Centre de Reference pour Trichinella (Istituto Superiore di Sanita, Laboratorio di Parassitologia, viale Regina Elena, 299-00161 Rome, Italie) ont
fourni de nouvelles informations sur des nombreux isolats
provenant du monde entier. Des aujourd'hui, l'identification des taxa du genre Trichinella peut etre basee sur des
caracteristiques biologiques, genetiques et du milieu
ambiant, qui permettent de separer 4 taxa majeurs pour
lesquels nous recommandons la designation suivante : Trichinella spiralis (Owen, 1835); T. pseudospiralis Garkavi,
1972; T. nativa Britov et Boev, 1972; et T. nelsoni Britov
et Boev, 1972. Nous recommandons aussi que les popula-
tions au niveau infraspecifique soient nommees avec les
designations T publiees par Ie laboratoire de Rome.
A cause de notre connaissance insuffisante des mecanismes d'isolement, on ne peut pas ecarter l'hypothese d'un
flux potentie1 de genes entre ces especes, et nos recommandations ne sont pas admises universellement. Nous
croyons, nean'moins, que la taxonomie recommandee reflete
au mieux les connaissances actuelles.
Pour l'avenir, nous prevoyons des mises au point sur
la genetique et la systematique des Trichinella, surtout si
les chercheurs continuent a travailler sur des isolats au
Centre de Reference pour Trichinella. De plus, les progres
de la biologie moleculaire rendront possible l'etude de
chaque larve du premier stade (musculaire), ce qui permettra, pour la premiere fois, des recherches genetiques
sur des vers isoles. De tels progres contribueront a clarifier
la genetique et la systematique d'un genre de nematode
dont l'interet biologique et l'importance en Sante Publique
sont exceptionnels.
© Masson, Paris 1991
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