Wine List - German Gymnasium
Transcription
Wine List - German Gymnasium
Wine List The judgement of Paris is known in wine circles as a “David and Goliath” wine tasting put on by Steven Spurrier in the Spring of 1976. Steven was a wine merchant by trade. He sold the grandest wines available (read French) and his shop in Paris off the Rue Royale became very popular because of this. In a flash of entrepreneurialism he decided to put together a tasting with the greatest wines from France and compare them to a selection of boutique Californian producers. His aim was to sell more French wine by having the clumsy American wines showcase the elegance of France. French judges were invited to carry out two blind tasting comparisons. They were to score each wine out of 20. The scores were then tallied up and the highest scored wines were to be the winners. To everyone’s surprise (especially Steven) the Americans took top spot in each category. The tasting became international headlines as the greatest white Burgundies and Clarets were beaten by wines no one had ever heard of. This was the start of the California wine boom. It is with the Judgement of Paris in mind that this list was constructed. Comparing the great wines of America and France side by side and listed varietally for yourself to choose. As we are now almost 40 years on from this tasting the lines between California and France continue to blur even more. Andres Ituarte - Head Sommelier Table of Contents Wines By The Glass 3-4 Magnums 5 Champagne & Sparkling 6 White Wine Chardonnay Red Wine 7-8 Pinot Noir 12-13 Sauvignon Blanc 8 Cabernet Sauvignon 14 Viognier 9 Cabernet Franc 14 Marsanne & Roussanne 9 Merlot 15 Grenache Blanc 9 Malbec 15 Chenin Blanc 10 Syrah 16 Pinot Gris 10 Grenache 17 Riesling 10 Zinfandel 17 Other Distinguished Whites 11 Other Distinguished Reds 18 Rosé Wine 11 Sweet And Fortified Wine 19 Madeira 20 2 Wines By The Glass Champagne & Sparkling Chandon, Brut NV. 125ml Bottle 9.5 51 12.5 75 12.5 75 Mendoza, Argentina Moët & Chandon, Brut Imperial NV. Epernay, France Moët & Chandon, Brut Imperial Rosé NV. Epernay, France Whites Cuvée Jean-Paul, Blanc de Blancs Sec 2013. 175ml 500ml Bottle 5 14 21 7 20 29 11.5 34 48 12 35 49 15.5 42 62 175ml 500ml Bottle 5 14 21 7 19 29 Côtes de Gascogne, France La Petite Abbaye, Sauvignon Blanc 2014. Val de Loire, France La Chablisienne, “La Pierrelée” Chablis 2012. Burgundy, France Charles Smith, “Kung Fu Girl” Riesling 2013. Columbia Valley, Washington, USA Au Bon Climat, “Wild Boy” Chardonnay 2012. Santa Barbra County, California, USA Rosé Cuvée Jean-Paul, Rosé 2013. Côtes de Gascogne, France Le Poussin, Rosé 2013. Languedoc-Roussillon. France 3 Wines By The Glass Continued Reds Cuvée Jean-Paul, Vacluse Rouge 2013. 175ml 500ml Bottle 5 14 21 7 20 29 8.5 24 35 10 28 41 12 35 48 13 37 54 75ml 125ml Bottle 19 32 27 45 35 63 40 65 55 93 Pays du Vaucluse, France Cave de Tain, “Domaine Belles Granges” Syrah 2012 Rhone Valley, France Familia Cassone, “Finca La Florencia” Malbec 2013. Mendoza, Argentina Château Tanesse, 2009. Cadillac, Bordeaux, France Jackhammer, Pinot Noir 2013. Central Coast, California, USA Edmeades Vineyards, Zinfandel 2011. Mendocino, California, USA Reserve Reds Château Rauzan-Segla 1988. Margaux, Bordeaux, France Vérité, “Le Désir” 2004. 265 Sonoma County, California, USA Opus One, 2010. Napa Valley, California, USA Château Montelena, “Estate” Cabernet Sauvignon 1997. Napa Valley, California, USA Château Mouton Rothschild, 1999. Pauillac, Bordeaux, France 4 Magnums White Domaine Chavy-Chouet, “Les Femelottes” Bourgogne Blanc 2012. 90 Burgundy, France Domaine Gautheron, “Mont de Milieu” Premier Cru Chablis 2011. 99 Chablis, Burgundy, France Domaine Jean Pascal, Puligny Montrachet 2009. 200 Côte de Beaune, Burgundy. France Domaine Lamy, “Les Frionnes” Saint-Aubin 1er Cru 2010. 221 Côte de Beaune, Burgundy, France Red 96 Domaine Chavy-Chouet, “La Taupe” Bourgogne Rouge 2012. Burgundy, France Château des Annereaux, 2008. 104 Lalande-de-Pomerol, Bordeaux Domaine du Prieuré, “Grand Picotins” Savigny-lès–Beaune 2007. 141 Burgundy, France Frogs Leap, Zinfandel 2011. 143 Napa Valley, California, USA Domaine Alain Michelot, “Vieilles Vignes” Nuit-St-Georges 2009. 215 Burgundy, France Château Batailley 2006. 215 Pauillac, Bordeaux, France Château Tanesse, 2009. 6L 250 Côtes de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France Château Clarke, 2000. 475 Listrac-Médoc, Bordeaux, France Ridge, Monte Bello 1991. 510 Santa Cruz Mountains, California, USA 5 Champagne Brut Moët & Chandon, Imperial NV. Epernay Pierre Gimonnet, “Cuvée Cuis 1er Cru” NV. Cuis Ruinart, “R de Ruinart” NV. Reims Philipponnat, “Non Dosé Royal Réserve” NV. Ay Paul Déthune, “Ambonnay Grand Cru” NV. Ambonnay Bollinger, “Special Cuveé” NV. Ay Henri Giraud, “Hommage à François Hérmart” NV. Ay Ruinart, Blanc de Blancs NV. Reims Gosset, Grande Réserve Brut NV. Ay Krug, “Grande Cuvée”. NV. Reims 75 78 82 90 97 105 124 130 145 270 Rosé Moët & Chandon, Imperial NV. Epernay Laurent Perrier, Cuvée Rosé NV. Tours-Sur-Marne Deutz, Rosé NV. Ay 75 119 146 Devaux, 2005. Côte des Bar Dom Pérignon. 2004. Epernay Louis, Roederer, “Cristal” 2005. Reims Philipponnat, “Clos des Goisses” 2000 99 179 245 299 Vintage Ay Sparkling Wines California England Argentina Quartet, Brut NV. Anderson Valley, Sonoma Francis Coppola, “Sofia Blanc de Blancs” 2013. Monterey County Gloria Ferrer, “Sonoma Brut” NV. Sonoma County Domaine Carneros, “Le Rève” Blanc de Blancs 1997. Carneros, Napa Valley 55 74 96 185 Nyetimber, Classic Cuvée NV. 79 Chandon, Brut NV. Uco Valley, Mendoza Alma 4, Sparkling Bonarda 2011. Mendoza 51 49 6 White Wines Chardonnay Chile Canada California Bourgogne Blanc Chablis Côte de Beaune Viña Leyda, “Reserva” 2014. Leyda Valley. 33 Meyer Family Vineyards, 2010. 74 Okanagan Valley, British Columbia Camino Cellars, 2011. Monterey County Grayson Cellars, “Lot 11” 2012. Wente Vineyards, “Heritage Block Riva Ranch” 2012. Monterey County MooBuzz, 2012. Monterey County Au Bon Climat, “Wild Boy” 2012. Santa Barbara County Heitz Cellars, 2013. Napa Valley Frogs Leap, 2012. Carneros Sandhi Wines, 2012. Santa Barbara County Ramey “Hyde Vineyard” 2011. Carneros 38 43 45 47 62 68 71 80 105 Domaine Chavy-Chouet, “Les Femelottes” 2012. 1500ml 90 1500ml 48 63 73 99 Gilles Bouton & Fils, “En Remilly” Saint-Aubin 1er Cru 2011. Domaine Jean-Louis Chavy, Puligny-Montrachet 2011. Etienne Sauzet, Puligny-Montrachet 2012. François Carillon, “Combettes” Puligny-Montrachet 1er Cru 2010. Domaine Jean Pascal, Puligny Montrachet 2009. 1500ml er Domaine Lamy, “Les Frionnes” Saint-Aubin 1 Cru 2010. 1500ml 76 87 120 154 200 221 La Chablisienne, “La Pierrelée” 2012. Domaine Daniel Dampt, “Côte de Léchet” 1er Cru 2013. Domaine Chistian Moreau, “Vaillon” 1er Cru 2013. Domaine Gautheron, “Mont de Milieu” 1er Cru 2011. 7 Chardonnay Continued Mâconnaise Domaine Talmard, Mâcon-Uchizy 2013. Domaine Perraud, Mâcon-Villages 2011. Domaine Michel Chavet, Saint-Véran 2012. Domaine Leflaive, Mâcon-Verzé 2008. 29 34 38 62 Côte Chalonnaise Stéphane Aladame, “Découverte” Montagny 1er Cru 2011. 62 Petaluma, 2009. Piccadilly Valley, Australia Penfolds, “Bin 311, Henty” 2012. Australia 51 95 Australia Sauvignon Blanc Argentina Humberto Canale, “Intimo” 2013. Rio Negro, Patagonia 35 California Dry Creek, Fume Blanc 2013. Sonoma County Clos du Val, “Ariadne” 2010. Napa Valley Francis Coppola, “Diamond Collection” 2012. Frogs Leap, 2013. Napa Valley 53 58 60 64 Bordeaux Château Haut Rian, Sémillon-Sauvignon Blanc 2013. 30 La Petite Abbaye, 2014. Pascal Bellier, Cheverny 2014. Domaine Thibault, Pouilly-Fumé 2013. Domaine Jean-Paul Balland, Sancerre 2013. Domaine Didier Dagueneau, “Buisson Renard” Pouilly-Fumé 2011. 29 36 48 54 183 Loire Valley 8 Viognier California Languedoc Cambria, “Tepusquet Vineyard” 2012. Santa Maria Valley Tablas Creek, “Cote de Tablas Blanc” 2011. Paso Robles 50 71 Domaine de Vedilhan, 2013. Pays d’Oc 26 Marsanne & Roussanne California Qupé, Marsanne 2012. Santa Barbara County Joseph Swan, “Saralee’s Vineyard” Marsanne-Roussanne 2010. Russian 64 69 River Valley Rhone Valley Domaine du Tunnel, St Peray 2011. Domaine du Columbier, Hermitage 2006. 76 110 Grenache Blanc California Rhone Valley Bonny Doon Vineyards, “Le Cigare Blanc” 2010. Broc Cellars, “Vine Starr” 2013. Central Coast 79 83 Domaine du Vieux Télégraphe, “La Crau” Châteauneuf-du-Pape 2012. 68 9 Chenin Blanc California Loire Valley Pine Ridge, Chenin Blanc-Viognier 2012. Napa Valley 39 Domaine Vigneau-Chevreau, “Cuvee Silex” Vouvray 2013. 36 Pinot Gris Oregon Alsace Sokol Blosser, “18th Edition” Evolution NV. Dundee Hills Sokol Blosser, 2013. Willamette Valley 42 49 Hugel, “Tradition Hugel” 2011. 44 Riesling California Washington Alsace Germany Francis Coppola, “Sophia” 2012. Monterey County Smith-Madrone, 2012. Spring Mountain District 49 74 Charles Smith, “Kung Fu Girl” 2013. Columbia Valley 52 Domaine Weinbach, “Cuvée Théo” 2011. 79 Joh. Jos. Prüm “Wehlener Sonnenuhr” Auslese 2004. 99 10 Other Distinguished Whites Ugni Blanc Cuvée Jean-Paul, Sec 2013. Côtes de Gascogne, Southwest, France 21 Cortese Araldica, 2013. Piedmont, Italy 22 Picpoul Baron de Badassière, Picpoul de Pinet 2013. Languedoc, France 26 Santa Ana, “Eco” 2012. Argentina 29 Domaine de la Chauvinière, Muscadet de Sèvre et Maine sur lie 2012. Loire Valley, France 28 Charles Hours, “Cuvée Marie” Jurançon Sec 2012. Southwest, France 49 Domaine Ramonet, 2011. Burgundy, France 52 Birichino, 2012. Monterey, California, 55 Torrontés Melon de Bourgogne Gros Manseng Aligoté Malvasia Bianca Arneis USA Seghesio Family Vineyards, 2012. Russian River Valley, California, Gewürztraminer Hugel, ”Jubilee” 2008. Troussseau Gris Wind Gap, 2013. Russian River Valley, California, Albariño USA 58 69 Alsace, France USA 70 Marimar Estate, 2012. Russian River Valley, California. USA 73 Cuvée Jean-Paul, 2013. 21 Le Poussin, 2013. 29 Prieuré de Montézargues, Tavel 2012. 41 Rosé Wine Gascony Languedoc Rhone Valley 11 Red Wine Pinot Noir Chile Morande, “Gran Reserva” 2010. Casablanca Valley 39 Canada Le Clos Jordanne, “Village Reserve” 2009. Ontario 81 Oregon Firesteed, 2012. Sokol Blosser, “Delinea 300” 2012. Willamette Valley Phelps Creek Vineyards, 2010. Columbia Gorge Domaine Drouhin, 2013. Dundee Hills Bergström, “Cumberland Reserve” 2011. Willamette Valley Adelsheim, “Elizabeth’s Reserve” 2011. Willamette Valley 44 51 69 74 97 104 MooBuzz, 2012. Monterey Block Nine, “Caiden’s Vineyards” 2012. Jackhammer, 2013. Central Coast Byron, 2013. Santa Barbara County La Crema, 2012. Sonoma Coast Cuvaison, “Estate Grown” 2012. Carneros Au Bon Climat, 2010. Santa Maria Valley Lompoc Wine Co, 2012. Sta. Rita Hills Marimar Estate, “La Masia” 2009. Russian River Valley Hirsch Vineyards, “San Andreas Fault” 2011. Sonoma Coast 45 47 48 49 62 65 69 72 86 145 California 12 Pinot Noir Continued Bourgogne Rouge Côte de Nuits Joseph Drouhin, 2013. Dominique Gruhier, Epineuil 2012. Domaine Chavy-Chouet, “La Taupe” 2012. 1500ml Domaine Mongeard-Mugneret, “La Croix” Hautes-Côte de Nuits 2012. Bruno Clair, “Les Vaudenelles” Marsannay 2010. Frédéric Magnien, “Vieilles Vignes” Gevery-Chambertin 2010. Domaine Michel Gros, Nuits-Saint-Georges 2011. Domaine Alain Michelot, “Vieilles Vignes” Nuit-Saint1500ml Georges 2009. Mongeard-Mugneret, “Echezeaux” Grand Cru 2012. Frédéric Magnien, “Clos de Vougeot” Grand Cru 2005. 39 49 96 62 71 97 106 215 279 310 Domaine Pavelot, “En Caradeux” Pernand-Vergelesses 1er Cru 2010. Bouchard Père & Fils, “Beaune du Château” 1er Cru 2009. Domaine du Prieuré, “Grand Picotins” Savigny-lès1500ml Beaune 2007. Domaine Pavelot, “Corton” Grand Cru 2010. 75 77 141 Côte Chalonnaise Domaine Faiveley, Mercurey 2011. Clos Salomon, “Clos Salomon Monopole” Givry 1er Cru 2012. 58 78 Loire Valley Domaine André Dezat, Sancerre Rouge 2013. 48 Domaine Ostertag, “Fronholz” 2009. 89 Côte de Beaune Alsace 147 13 Cabernet Sauvignon Chile Washington California Bordeaux Los Caminos, 2013. Colchagua Valley 26 Hedges Family Estate, “CMS” 2012. Columbia Valley 49 Kendall-Jackson, “Avant” 2010. Grayson Cellars, “Lot 10” 2012. J. Lohr, “Seven Oaks” 2012. Paso Robles Slingshot, 2011. Napa Valley Heitz Cellar, 2009. Napa Valley Dominus Estate, Napanook, 2006. Napa Valley Ridge, Monte Bello 2010. Santa Cruz Mountains Dominus Estate, 2003. Napa Valley Opus One, 1995. Napa Valley Ridge, Monte Bello 1991. Santa Cruz Mountains 38 40 47 59 127 156 264 282 410 510 Clarendelle by Haut Brion. 2009. Château Haut-Bergey, 1998. Pessac-Léognan Château Chasse-Spleen, 2007. Moulis Château Ormes de Pez, 2005. St-Estèphe Château Batailley, 2006. Pauillac Château Palmer, 1996. Margaux 1500ml 1500ml 54 75 103 140 215 475 Cabernet Franc Washington Spring Valley Vineyard, “Katherine Corkrum” 2010. Walla Walla 119 Valley California Loire Valley Caberet Frank, “No 2” 2012. 33 Domaine Fabrice Gasnier, “Les Graves” 2012. 42 14 Merlot Chile California Washington Languedoc Bordeaux Ochagavia, “Silvestre” 2014. Rapel Valley 24 Lyeth, “L de Lyeth” 2012. North Coast Francis Coppola, “Diamond Collection” 2011. Freemark Abbey, 2011. Napa Valley 35 65 72 Charles Smith, “The Velvet Devil” 2012. Columbia Valley 56 Domaine Baptiste Boutes, 2011. Pays D’Oc 28 Château Hyot 2012. Castillon Château Tanesse, 2009. Cadillac Château Teyssier, 2011. St-Emilion L’Égérie du Château Chéreau, 2009. Lussac St-Émilion Château de Dauphine, 2001. Fronsac Domaine de la Pointe 2010. Pomerol Château des Annereaux, 2008. Lalande-de-Pomerol, 1500ml 37 41 63 68 72 98 104 6000ml 105 250 Bordeaux Château Mazeyres, 2005. Pomerol Château Tanesse, 2009. Côtes de Bordeaux Malbec California Francis Coppola, “Diamond Collection” 2012. 68 Argentina Familia Cassone, “Finca La Florencia” Malbec 2013. Mendoza Amancaya, “Gran Reserva” 2012. Mendoza 35 56 Cèdre Heritage, Cahors 2012. 29 Southwest France 15 Syrah Chile California Washington Rhone Valley Languedoc Provence Viña Tabali, “Reserva” 2012. Limarí Valley 29 Gnarly Head, Petit Syrah 2012. Terre Rouge, “Les Côtes de L’ouest” 2010. Qupé, Syrah 2011. Central Coast Château D’Aussières, 2011. Corbières Eberle, “Steinbeck Vineyard” 2012. Paso Robles Bonny Doon Vineyard, “Le Pousseur” 2011. Central Coast Freemark Abby, Petite Syrah 2012. Napa Valley Arnot-Roberts, 2013. North Coast Hyde de Villaine, 2007. Carneros Sine Qua Non, “A Shot In The Dark” 2006. 46 55 57 62 65 78 89 104 115 1450 Charles Smith K Vintners, “Milbrandt” 2012. Wahluke Slope 104 Cave de Tain, “Domaine Belles Granges” 2012. Nicolas Perrin, Syrah-Viognier 2012. Domaine Etienne Pochon, Crozes-Hermitage 2012. Vincent Paris, “Granite 30” Cornas 2012. Ferraton, “La Matinière” Crozes-Hermitage 2011. 29 32 42 62 109 1500ml Baron Philippe de Rothschild, 2013. Pays D’Oc Domaine de Trevallon, Syrah-Cabernet 2004. Bouches-du-Rhône 28 165 16 Grenache California Rhone Valley Birichino, “Besson Vineyard” 2012. Santa Cruz Tablas Creek Côtes de Tablas 2011. Paso Robles 65 73 Cuvée Jean-Paul, Vaucluse Rouge 2012. Famille Perrin, Ventoux Rouge 2012. Domaine Brusset, “Laurent B” Côte du Rhône 2013. E. Guigal, Côte du Rhône 2011. Château Pesquié, “Les Terrasses” Côtes-du-Ventoux 2011. Domaine Alary, Cairanne 2012. Domaine La Roche Buissière, “Petit Jo” NV. Domaine la Soumade, Gigondas 2010. Domaine Roger Sabon, “Cuvée des Olivets” Châteauneuf-du-Pape 2011. Domaine de la Charbonnière, Châteauneuf-du-Pape 2011. Domaine Les Pallières, “ Terrasse du Diable” Gigondas 2010. Domaine Bosquet des Papes, Châteauneuf-du-Pape 2004. Châteaun La Nerthe, Châteauneuf-du-Pape 2006. Tardieu-Laurent, “Cuvee Speciale” Châteauneuf-du-Pape 2008. Château de Beaucastel, Châteauneuf-du-Pape 2000. 21 25 27 35 37 39 39 62 78 82 84 89 99 122 199 Zinfandel California Edmeades Vineyards, Zinfandel 2011. Mendocino County 54 Seghesio Family Cellars, Zinfandel 2012. Sonoma County Turley Cellars, “Juvenile” Zinfandel 2012. St Helena Ridge, “Lytton Springs” 2011. Dry Creek Valley Seghesio Family Cellars “Home Ranch” 2012. Alexander Valley Frog’s Leap, Zinfandel 2011. Napa Valley 1500ml 56 62 81 128 143 17 Other Distinguished Reds Tannat Carménère Gamay Alain Brumont, Tannat-Merlot 2012. Côtes de Gascogne, France 29 Montes Alpha, 2012. 37 Colchagua Valley, Chile Château de Raousset, “Grille-Midi” Fleurie 2013. Beaujolais, Burgundy, 46 France Carignan Broc Cellars, “Love Red” 2013. California, USA Joseph Swan Vineyards, 2011. Alexander Valley, California, USA 55 62 Valdiguié Broc Cellars, 2012. Solano County Green Valley, California, USA 66 Seghesio Family Vineyards, 2011. Alexander Valley, California, USA 66 Arnot-Roberts, 2012. North Coast, California, USA 88 Sangiovese Trousseau 18 Sweet & Fortified Wines 100ml Glass Château de Corneilla, Muscat de Rivesaltes 2011. Roussillon, Bottle 5.5 750ml 36 9 375ml 34 375ml 39 375ml 45 375ml 48 Château Guiraud, 2003. Sauternes, Bordeaux, France 375ml 69 Inniskillin, Sparkling Vidal Icewine 2011. Ontario, Canada 375ml 120 Château d’Yquem, 1996. Sauternes, Bordeaux, France 375ml 321 France. Château Petit Vedrines, 2011. Sauternes, Bordeaux, France Edmeades, “Perli” Late Harvest Zinfandel 2006. Mendocino Ridge, California, USA Quady, “Elysium” Black Muskat 2011. California Bonny Doon Vineyard, “Vinferno” 2008. California, 12 USA Sherry 100ml Glass Barbadillo, Fino NV. Spain Romate, Pedro Ximenez NV. Spain Bottle 7.5 500ml 46 7 375ml 26 375ml 71 Gonzalez Byass, “Apostoles” 30-Year-Old Palo Cortado NV. Spain Port 100ml Glass Bottle Grahams, “Six Grapes” NV. Portugal 5 750ml 37 Warres, “Otima” 10 Year Tawny. Portugal 8 375ml 40 9 375ml 34 Grahams, “Quinta dos Malvedos” 2001. Portugal 19 Madeira The relationship between Madeira and the United States of America goes back to the 1600s. Back then no grapes suitable for winemaking could be planted in the 13 British colonies. This lead to a dependence on European wines. Unfortunately much of that wine shipped to the new world arrived spoiled and heavily taxed. It is the unique production and impervious nature of Madeira that leant itself to the popularization of this delicious wine among the Aristocrats in America. Madeira is a fortified wine that is exposed to high temperatures and oxygen over a long period of time. Constant heating and cooling in oak barrels builds complexity that will last decades and often even centuries. This meant that Madeira was one of the safest wines to import to the new world. Demand grew and Madeira became so highly respected it was used to toast The Declaration of Independence. It was Thomas Jefferson who was probably the biggest advocate of Madeira but it is well documented that Benjamin Franklin and George Washington were also big fans. The flavour of Madeira has not changed in 300 years and quality has never been better. These wines are among the most underrated in the world. They offer so much complexity and enjoyment. Now is your chance to see what the early Americans were onto. 100ml Glass Verdelho is one of the drier grape varieties grown in Madeira. This is medium dry with a richness of orange peel and exotic fruits. A perfect accompaniment for richer soups or game. Terrantez is a extremely rare grape variety and these grapes are almost always reserved for a vintage wine. This wine however was made in limited quantity to mark the bi-centenary of Blandy’s Madeira house. It is medium rich with lots of dried fruits, wood and spice. Sercial makes the driest form of Madeira. It’s earmark is bright acidity and freshness. Almond skin, pencil shavings, caramel and orange rind flavours are found here in perfect balance. Bual is the longest living of the Madeira grapes. This wine shows us why with notes of dried apricots, lime zest, sugar cane, tobacco and vanilla fudge. All elegantly put together in a medium rich style. 20