Grammar exercises

77
Present Progressive
Modes
Simple
Progressive
Perfect
Perfect
Progressive
Tenses
Present
Past
Future
Conditional
Present
Past
Future
Conditional
Present
Past
Future
Conditional
Present
Past
Future
Conditional
 Utilisation du present progressive
Le present progressive exprime:
a) Une action qui se fait au moment où l'on parle (en train de).
Ex: I'm teaching you.
She is cooking.
Je suis en train de t'enseigner.
Elle est en train de faire à manger.
b) Une action temporaire (ce qui n'est pas une habitude).
Ex: I'm working on a new book.
She's taking English classes.
c) Des arrangements futurs.
Ex: I'm working tomorrow.
They are meeting John at 7:00.
d) Des situations évolutives.
Ex: The price of bread is increasing.
It is getting colder outside.
N.B. Le present progressive se traduit en français, comme le simple present, par le
présent de l'indicatif.
78
Auxiliary
(to be, present)
Subject
Verb + ing
Object
swimming
in the pool.
Contraction
Affirmations
I'm
You're
He's
She's
It's
We're
You're
They're
I
You
He
She
It
We
You
They
Subject
am
are
is
is
is
are
are
are
Auxiliary
(to be, present)
Not
Verb + ing
Object
playing
computer.
Contraction
Negations
Yes/no
questions
Information
questions
I
You
He
They
am
are
is
are
aren't
isn't
aren't
not
Auxiliary
(to be, present)
Subject
Verb + ing
Object
Am
Are
Is
Are
I
you
she
we
teaching
watching
eating
going
you?
television?
an apple?
to Montreal?
Question
word
Auxiliary
(to be, present)
Subject
Verb + ing
Object
Why
is
she
studying
English?
 Mots clés: Now/right now/at this moment
79
A. Conjugate the verbs in the present progressive using the subject in brackets.
1. To swim (she)
2. To clean (you)
3. To study (I)
4. To create (we)
5. To think (she)
6. To behave (we)
7. To eat (it)
8. To watch (he)
9. To walk (I)
10. To act (he)
11. To use (we)
12. To pray (you)
13. To cook (they)
14. To talk (I)
15. To hope (they)
16. To swim (it)
17. To travel (you)
18. To water (she)
19. To sleep (you)
20. To whistle (I)
80
B. Conjugate the verbs in the present progressive.
1. I (to see)
Paul tomorrow.
2. The kids (to grow up)
3. When
.
they (to play)
soccer this week.?
4. Tony (to smoke, negation)
5.
Julia (to run)
6. The boys (to sleep)
. He has a bad cold.
after the dog?
right now.
7. Peter and Diane (to come, negation)
this week.
8. Jackie (to work, negation)
because she broke her leg
last week.
9.
you (to go)
10. Jennifer (to get)
to cinema this evening?
married in a week.
11. Brian (to go, negation)
to school this week.
12. That kid (to be)
a real monster!
13. We (to have)
problems with our car.
14. It (to rain)
cats and dogs these days.
15. I (to watch)
my favorite TV program. Stop calling me!
16.
you (to try)
to study?
17. They (to travel)
in Asia.
18. Brian (to write)
a letter to his girlfriend.
19. Where
he (to go)
20. I (to watch, negation)
?
T.V. tonight.
81
C. Translate the following sentences into French or English. Use the present
progressive.
1. Dort-elle?
2. She is thinking.
3. Nous écoutons.
4. You're cooking.
5. What are you watching?
6. Is he sleeping?
7. Il mange (l'oiseau).
8. Est-ce qu'elles mangent?
9. I'm listening.
10. What are you thinking?
11. Je ne dors pas.
12. Écoutez-vous?
13. Why is she studying?
14. Est-ce que tu manges?
15. Il écoute.
16. Where are you going?
17. Regardez-vous la télévision?
18. I'm not sleeping.
19. Que lis-tu?
20. Je termine mes exercices.
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21. Dave ne joue pas au hockey.
22. Je mange beaucoup cette semaine.
23. Is she studying?
24. Listen! The baby is crying.
25. Est-ce que je parle trop fort?
26. They' re not travelling this year.
27. Est-ce que Rick ne vient pas au party?
28. The Taylors are staying here.
29. I'm not eating dessert.
30. Il pleut.
31. Il est en train de courir après son chien?
32. Je suis en train de travailler à l'ordinateur.
33. Nathalie is reading a book..
34. Les chats dorment sur le lit.
35. Pourquoi ne mangent-il pas?
36. I'm listening to the teacher.
37. Elle est en train de se baigner.
38. Où va-t-elle?
39. The tree is falling.
40. We are having a lot of fun!
83
Modals
 Un Modal est un auxiliaire qui change la signification et le temps du verbe qui le suit.
Traduction et temps
Utilisation
Exemples
Possibilité/abileté
Can
I can go to cinema tonight.
I can swim one kilometer.
Can I go to the party?
May I go home Mrs?
Pouvoir  Présent
Permission
Aussi may (+poli)
Could
Pouvoir  Passé
Possibilité/abileté
I could swim at 5 years old.
Pouvoir Conditionnel
Possibilité/abileté
Requête polie
I could swim if I wanted.
Could I go to the bathroom?
Conseil (advice)
Should
You should study more.
You should listen to me.
Devoir  Conditionnel
Attente (expectation) She should be here in 5 min.
Must
Obligation
Besoin personnel
Devoir  Présent
You must obey your parents.
I must see a doctor.
Subject
Modal
Verb (infinitive)
Object
They
can
could
should
must
run
play
study
finish
very fast.
outdoor last night.
if they want to succeed.
their homework.
Affirmations
Subject
Modal
Not
Verb
(infinitive)
Object
go
sleep
smoke
watch
outdoor today.
well last night.
in bed.
tv tonight.
Contraction
Negations
She
can
could
should
must
can't
couldn't
shouldn't
musn't
not
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Modal
Yes/no
questions
Information
questions
Can
Could
Should
Must
Subject
Verb
(infinitive)
Object
he
watch
walk
stop
go
tv tonight?
when he was 1 year old?
smoking?
to bed before 8?
Question
word
Modal
Why
can
could
should
must
Subject
he
Verb
(infinitive)
watch
play
stop
go
Object
tv tonight?
tennis?
smoking?
to bed before 8?
A. Complete the sentences below with an appropriate modal.
1. You
2.
finish this work tonight. (obligation)
you go to the movies last weekend? (possibility)
3. You
have your eyes checked. (advice)
4. They
ski forty kilometers in one day. (ability)
5. She
6. Brian
find her socks. (negative ability)
smoke in bed. (negative advice)
7.
I go home? (obligation)
8.
I go home? (advice)
9.
I go home? (possibility)
10. You
11. I
12. They
smoke in this building. (negative obligation)
go to your party tonight. (possibility)
run for two hours. (ability)
13. Tell Diana I
14.
15. We
meet her because I was sick. (negative possibility)
I stay or
I go. (expectation)
leave because we have a meeting at 3 o'clock. (obligation)
85
B. Translate these sentences into French or English.
1. I can run the marathon.
2. They couldn't play hockey last night.
3. Les élèves devraient étudier davantage pour avoir de meilleurs résultats.
4. Can I turn off the lights?
5. Je ne peux pas te parler parce que je dois travailler.
6. Où dois-je aller?
7. He can't go to Montreal today.
8. Pourrais-tu me donner ton crayon?
9. Tu ne devrais pas manger de chocolat.
10. We couldn't finish the work on time.
11. L'autobus devrait être ici bientôt.
12. We should wait for it.
13. I'm on a diet. I must not eat dessert.
14. Pourriez-vous me dire où sont les toilettes?
15. Should I review my modals?
86
Past Progressive
Modes
Simple
Progressive
Perfect
Perfect
Progressive
Tenses
Present
Past
Future
Conditional
Present
Past
Future
Conditional
Present
Past
Future
Conditional
Present
Past
Future
Conditional
 Utilisation du past progressive
Le past progressive exprime:
a) Une action en train de se dérouler dans le passé. Par contre, le début et la
fin de l'action ne sont pas clairement définies.
Ex: At 7 o'clock ,they were playing hockey.
At this time last year, I was travelling in western Canada.
b) Une action progressive dans le passé pendant laquelle survient une action
spontanée.
Ex: I was taking a bath when the phone rang.
They were sleeping when the car hit the house.
Remarquez que dans une telle situation, une partie de la phrase est
au passée et doit obligatoirement se traduire par le passé composé.
N.B. Le past progressive se traduit en français par l'imparfait de l'indicatif.
87
Affirmations
Subject
Auxiliary
(to be, past)
I
You
He
She
It
We
You
They
was
were
was
was
was
were
were
were
Subject
Auxiliary
(to be, past)
Verb + ing
Object
sleeping
when the phone
rang.
Not
Verb + ing
Object
playing
computer when
you called.
Contraction
Negations
Yes/no
questions
Information
questions
I
You
He
They
was
were
was
were
wasn't
weren't
wasn't
weren't
not
Auxiliary
(to be, past)
Subject
Verb + ing
Object
Was
Were
Was
Were
I
you
she
we
sleeping
watching
eating
going
when it rang?
television when I called?
when you left?
to Montreal?
Question
word
Auxiliary
(to be, past)
Subject
Verb + ing
Object
Why
was
she
watching
television?
 Mots clés: When + past tense
88
A. Conjugate the verbs in the past progressive using the subject in brackets.
1. To read (she)
2. To write (I)
3. To jump (it)
4. To come (you)
5. To live (we)
6. To dance (he)
7. To try (they)
8. To swim (you)
9. To do (I)
10. To clean (they)
11. To study (you)
12. To shine (he)
13. To drive (we)
14. To draw (she)
15. To think (you)
16. To swim (it)
17. To travel (you)
18. To water (she)
19. To care (you)
20. To whistle (I)
89
B. Conjugate the verbs in the past progressive.
1. In 1977, she (to live)
in Vancouver.
2. Why
to escape?
she (to try)
3. Jim and Janet (to study, negation)
together
yesterday
evening.
4. We (to eat)
5. The stars (to shine)
lunch when the earthquake began.
that night.
6. The car broke down while I (to go)
7.
he (to wear)
8. At that time, I (to work)
9.
they (to watch)
10. We (to play, negation)
to Montréal.
a black suit when he came in?
as a secretary.
a movie yesterday afternoon?
with the children when you
called.
11. Sarah (to read)
12. We (to play, negation)
13.
he (to train)
when the thief came in.
golf when the rain started.
the team that year?
14. At 6 o'clock last nignt, we (to prepare)
15. They (to sleep, negation)
rang.
diner.
when
the
phone
90
C. Translate the following sentences into French or English. Use the past progressive.
1. Parlait-elle?
2. Il courait (le chat).
3. Est-ce qu'elles lisaient?
4. Were we playing?
5. I was sleeping.
6. Nous écrivions.
7. Were you sleeping?
8. Dansiez-vous?
9. Were you skiing?
10. Est-ce que tu lisais?
11. We were crying.
12. Je ne dormais pas.
13. Est-ce que vous chantiez?
14. Was I eating?
15. You were drinking.
16. Je travaillais.
17. Est-ce que vous dormiez à 21h?
18. He wasn't reading when she arrived.
19 Was he sleeping at 9 o'clock?
20. I wasn't playing computer.
91
D. Supply the proper form - simple past or past progressive.
1. While I (to go)
back home last night, I (to see)
an
accident.
2. I (to read)
the newspaper when you (to call)
3. I (to wait)
for the bus when one of my very good friend (to
come)
.
with his car.
4. When I (to meet)
Frank, he (to live)
in Chicoutimi.
5. Kathy slipped and (to fall)
while she ( to play)
volleyball.
6. John (to play)
hockey when he (to have)
a heart attack.
7. This time last year I (to live)
8. I (to paint)
in Vancouver.
outside when I (to fall)
and (to knock)
9. She (to write)
my head.
her exam when the bell (to ring)
10. When Jason (to leave)
home this morning, it (to
rain)
11. Kent (to be, negation)
a lot.
home when I (to call)
12. While Brian (to eat)
knock)
13. Simon (to help)
at the door.
his mother, when his very good friend (to arrive)
14. They (to play)
15. He (to get)
in Europe.
.
dinner, someone he knew (to
.
John (to fall)
.
soccer in the field near the park when
.
sick while he (to travel)
92
Demonstratives
Traduction
This
(singular)
Ce
Cette
Ceci
Cela
Utilisation
Près (physiquement)
Agréable (émotion)
Près (temps)
Exemples
This car is near us.
I like this thing.
This time of the year is great.
Celui-ci
Celui-là
Celle-ci
Celle-là
Éloigné (physiquement)
Désagréable (émotion)
Éloigné (temps)
That car is far.
I hate that bug.
At that time, I was...
(plural)
Ces
Ceux-ci
Ceux-là
Près (physiquement)
Agréable (émotion)
Près (temps)
These cars are near us.
These things I liked.
It's very hot these days.
Those
Celles-là
Celles-ci
Celles-là
Éloigné (physiquement)
Désagréable (émotion)
Éloigné (temps)
Those cars are far from us.
Those bugs are biting me.
In those years, there were no
computers.
That
(singular)
These
(plural)
A. Complete these sentences using this/that/these/those + these words:
Birds
house
plates
postcards
seat
shoes
93
B. Describe these objects using this/that/these/those + these adjectives:
94
Some and Any
 Some et Any se placent devant des choses qu'on ne peut pas compter et se
traduisent généralement par de, du, des ou d'.
Sens
Some
Quelque…
Someone/body
Something
Somewhere
Any
N'importe…
Anyone/body
Anything
Anywhere
Utilisation
Exemples
S'utilise principalement
dans des affirmations.
I think I have some milk.
S'utilise principalement
dans des négations et
dans des questions.
Sorry, I don't have any milk.
Would you like any water?
A. Complete the following sentences using some/any/someone/anyone/
somebody/anybody/something/anything/somewhere/anywhere
1. Does
mind if I smoke?
2. Would you like
to eat?
3. Do you live
near Jim?
4. The prisoners refused to eat
5. There's
.
at the door.
6. We slept in the park because we didn't have
7. Can I have
to stay.
milk in my coffee please?
8. Sue is very secretive. She never tells
.
9. Why are you looking under your bed? Have you lost
?
10. You can cash these travellers checks at
11. I haven't read
of these books. But Tom has read
12. He left the house without saying
13. Would you like
14. The film is really great. You can ask
15. This is No Parking area.
fine.
bank.
to
.
.
more coffee?
who has seen it.
who parks here will have to pay a