TRADUCTION ET MODALITE 1 WILL SHALL HD

MASTER TS - UPEMLV
TRADUCTION ET
MODALITE
MASTER TS - UPEMLV
Iodine will dissolve in alcohol.
Iodine dissolves in alcohol.
He will talk nonsense.
Boys will be boys.
He will call me “Sam”, God knows why . . .
Lovelock, Lovelock! Why will she always go on like that about Lovelock?
Jimmy would go to the swimming pool every Monday.
And he would always add: “Tom, you know I’ll be the last one to let you
down.”
WILL
Jimmy used to go to the swimming pool every Monday morning.
Traduire la volition
I used to have a sewing machine, but I had to sell it.
I asked him but he won’t tell me what happened.
Will you help me carry this TV-set up to my room?
“Suzy missed her train this morning.”
“She would!”
Open that letter, will you?
“John, will you have this woman as your lawful wedded wife?”
“I will.”
WILL ET BE GOING TO : deux renvois à l’avenir
The car wouldn’t start.
- la condition
NB la modulation (inutile) dans l’exemple suivant:
I had to eat lunch before I came" is considered a serious excuse for lateness,
as it might be for us when we say: "My car wouldn't start".
« Je devais aller déjeuner » est là-bas un motif sérieux d'empêchement, tout
comme chez nous l'excuse : « Je n'ai pas pu démarrer ma voiture ».
Traduire les valeurs de caractéristique de WILL
He will sit in front of the TV all day if you let him.
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CF.:
Don’t sit on that rock ; it will fall.
Don’t sit on that rock ; it’s going to fall.
NB : Dans le sens du thème :
Je crois que je vais être malade/vomir.
I think I’m going to be sick.
? ? ? I think I’ll be sick.
Another piece of this cake and I think I’ll be sick.
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MASTER TS - UPEMLV
- la décision
MASTER TS - UPEMLV
Notez qu’avec le perfect on a un sens contrefactuel :
I'm going to buy a house for about $125,000. I'm wondering if I should put
down a small down payment or a large one?
L’achat de la maison est un projet dans lequel l’énonciateur est déjà
engagé.
After September 11, I realized that I didn't know what my goals were. So I’ve
decided to write them down:
•
In the next three months, I will lose 9 pounds by eating less junk food.
•
In the next eight years, I will buy a house. [. . .]
“Well... I... If only I had some Jerky, what a great meal I could make!” Marle
sighed.
“Don’t worry! I’ll fix it!”
Dans le sens du thème :
- (Le téléphone sonne) : Je vais répondre !
et le renvoi à l’avenir prédéterminé
Prédétermination/Planification parfois difficile à traduire explicitement
dans certains cas :
BE TO
The Colonel asked me about a report that I was to have typed the day before.
What am I to do now?
What shall I do now?
Dans le prolongement de
BE TO
Be about to:
He was about to sign when he realised that it was his favourite book.
Il existe d’autres expressions avec un sens assez proche :
He was on the verge of tears.
He was on the point of tears.
He was on the verge of crying.
He was on the point of crying.
He came near to crying.
BE SURE / CERTAIN
phrase comme :
TO.
Attention à ces deux expressions car dans une
I was to meet with a girlfriend that evening, Laura said, but she couldn’t
come.
Ce soir-là, j'avais rendez-vous avec une amie, mais elle a eu un
empêchement, reprit Laura.
He was sure/certain to win,
Moins difficile à traduire dans les points de vue à posteriori :
≠ He was sure/certain that he was going to win.
C’est le même modèle que
He was bound to win.
But it was his last complete masterpiece for he was to die 2 months later.
They were never to meet again.
Dans le sens du thème pour les événements connus à posteriori :
Depuis quelques mois il [Debussy] souffre « d'hémorragies presque
quotidiennes », premiers symptômes du cancer qui l'emportera dix ans plus
tard.
Debussy has been suffering for some months from "virtually daily bleeding",
the first symptoms of the cancer from which he was to die nine years later.
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MASTER TS - UPEMLV
MASTER TS - UPEMLV
“I should hope so, for your own sake.”
SHALL
Can we chalk this up to coincidence? I hope so.
Les interrogatives: traduire l’implication du co-énonciateur
“Now, let’s see if we can find ourselves a taxi, shall we?”
“Shall I close the door?”
“Shall I get something to eat?”
“Will I get something to eat?”
et l’obligation : traduire l’engagement de
l’énonciateur
SHALL
“We better find her.”
“We will.”
“You should hope so! If she's dead I will kill you where you stand.”
“That one reality show did well on TV does not mean that suddenly
programming is going to change. Everyone wants a story,” said Robert
Redford. He should hope so, because The Legend of Bagger Vance is at the
opposite end of the spectrum from reality television.
Having money is good. I should know . . . I’m completely broke right now.
And what is a tyrant? Quite simply a person who says to another person,
young or old, “You shall do as I tell you”.
“All this has made me nervous.”
“I shouldn't wonder,” said MacConnell dryly.
You shall clean up that mess, young man!
Cf.
You must clean up that mess!
Robert should have known better than to say what he said.
I should have known better; after all, he was her shrink.
SHOULD
It’ll teach me to lend my umbrellas again. I shouldn’t wonder if I caught my
death.
SHOULD et les verbes d’opinion +
l’implication de l’énonciateur
SO
/ NOT : traduire
“It might be nice if you were around that evening. Do you think you could
manage that?”
“Oh, I should think so, yes, why not.”
“Your Worship will have his breakfast promptly.”
“I should hope so, for your own sake.”
“I’ve always been fond of children.”
“I should guess so,” said Eleanor, “from what I have witnessed this
morning.”
Could we, as a society, be healthier? Yes, I believe so.
“Is chess a very interesting game, papa?”
“I should think so, from the attention Mr. Hazlewood and Lucy are bestowing
on it”
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SHOULD et les valeurs de probabilité : traduire la conformité
ou la non-conformité aux attentes de l’énonciateur
The plane should have landed by now,
peut s’interpréter : l’avion doit avoir atterri maintenant, si tout s’est passé
comme prévu / normalement.
+
improbable If
it should rain on Monday, the ride will be cancelled. S’il venait à pleuvoir
lundi, la balade serait annulée. [Notez qu’en anglais, on utilise généralement
WILL plutôt que WOULD dans la proposition principale.]
If it rained on Monday . . . S’il pleuvait lundi…
–
improbable If it rains on Monday. . . S’il pleut lundi…
Should it rain, the whole party will move to the Town Hall.
If it should rain, the whole party will move to the Town Hall.
And there I was on a roof in Dublin and who should I see coming down the
street but my brother.
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