2009 - anglais - Sciences Po Toulouse

I N S T I T U T
D ' É T U D E S
P O L I T I Q U E S
TEST D'ENTREE EN QUATRIEME ANNEE
- 2009 ANGLAIS
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a
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B
1
2
3
b c d e
X
X
X
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Leading the lawmakers
Jan 8th 2009 Adapted from The Economist
“CHANGE begins at home,” say the billboards in Washington, DC. They are
adverts for a discount furniture store, urging people to spruce up (1) their
apartments with new sofas. But they also describe Barack Obama’s agenda (2). The
president-elect was chosen to stop wasting blood and treasure on foreign wars and
start fixing what’s broken at home. As the flames in Gaza attest, the rest of the
world is hard to ignore. Nonetheless, Mr Obama started work in the capital this
week with a hugely ambitious domestic programme. He wants to rescue the
economy from free fall (3), extend health care to nearly everyone and re-engineer
the way Americans produce and consume energy.
As Obamamania grips (4) the planet, it is easy to forget that power in America
is divided. The president cannot do much, especially at home, without a willing
legislature. Before he can sign a bill, Congress must pass it. Before he can spend
money, Congress must appropriate it. Before his nominees for high office can start
work, the Senate must approve them. The executive and the legislature are
supposed to be coequal branches of government, so the first meeting of the 111th
Congress on January 6th was, in theory, just as important as Mr Obama’s
impending (5) inauguration.
How will Congress work with Mr Obama? Some say he will charm it like a
snake. His party has the same hefty (6) majority in both chambers, with 59% of
seats to the Republicans’ 41%. He has no formal power to boss Democratic
lawmakers around, but he can set the agenda and promote it with his huge and
expertly wielded megaphone. If his presidency is deemed (7) a success, his party
will reap (8) the electoral benefits. Just as Mr Bush has recently dragged
congressional Republicans down, a popular President Obama would help
Democrats maintain their majorities in 2010.
The economy is in dreadful shape. Wise folk concur that a swift and powerful
stimulus is required. The public are receptive: nearly two-thirds say the government
should spend more to revive the economy. Democrats are anxious not to let the crisis
go to waste. Some see a once-in-a-lifetime opportunity to reshape America. They liken
the current times to the Depression of the 1930s, in part because they want to enact a
new New Deal.
But will Congress really be so pliant (9)? In the Senate, Republicans have just
enough votes to mount a filibuster and block bills. They have ideological objections
to the Obama agenda. Mitch McConnell, the Republican leader in the Senate, frets
that he will hire 600,000 new civil servants. Fiscally conservative “Blue Dog”
Democrats may rebel if the stimulus grows too big. And public support may prove
fragile. Though voters broadly support action to curb greenhouse gases, provide
universal health care and kick-start the economy, they may change their minds if
that leads to higher fuel bills or taxes.
Despite all this, the chances are that Mr Obama will enjoy a lengthy
honeymoon. For one thing, he shows every sign of handling Congress deftly (10).
His team is packed with people who know how Capitol Hill works. Mr Obama is also
shrewdly (11) reaching out to Republicans, proposing that a large part of the
stimulus should take the form of tax cuts. As long as he is popular, he will get most
of what he wants. And he could remain popular for a while. Since the economic
crisis conspicuously began under Mr Bush, Mr Obama can plausibly blame him for
everything that goes wrong and then take the credit for the recovery, when it comes.
2
Les exercices 1, 2 et 3 portent sur l’article de la page précédente. Parcourez
les questions avant de lire l’article plus en détail. Vous pouvez écrire sur
l’article et le détacher si vous le souhaitez.
Exercice 1: Choisissez l’expression synonyme qui correspond le mieux
au sens du mot souligné en gras dans le texte. Reportez la réponse dans
la grille-réponse ( /11)
1- [spruce up]
a) scatter
b) spice up
c) smarten up
2- [agenda]
a) timetable b) calendar
e) roadmap
3- [free fall]
a) flustering
d) inflation
4- [grips]
a) grapples with
e) gets hold of
5- [impending]
a) looming
e) essential
c) schedule
b) gratuitous fall
e) disaster
b) grates
b) forthcoming
6- [hefty]
a) slight
b) slender
7- [deemed]
a) reckoned to be
d) made to be
b) doomed to be
e) hoped to be
8- [reap]
a) harness
b) repeal
9- [pliant]
a) steadfast
e) trustworthy
d) clutter e) mess up
d) programme
c) a recession
c) grids
d) gropes for
c) far-off
c) tractable
d) further
d) sizeable e) unruly
c) turned into
c) bring about
b) easily swayed c) elastic
d) put off
e) harvest
d) reliable
3
10- [deftly]
a) clumsily
b) lightly
c) daftly
d) gracefully
11- [shrewdly]
a) astutely
b) boldly
c) meanly
d) foolishly e) fortunately
e) skilfully
Exercice 2 : Dans l’espace du recto de la grille-réponse réservé à cet
effet, traduire le 4ème paragraphe, en italique dans le texte (« The
economy is in dreadful shape… a New Deal »). (
/9)
Exercice 3 (
/15)
Will Barack Obama enjoy a honeymoon and lead the lawmakers?
Provide five elements that indicate Barack Obama cannot simply impose his
agenda the way he wishes to and five other elements that suggest he might
nonetheless succeed in manoeuvring Congress in his first few months in
office.
Write your answer on the back side of the answer sheet. You must write 10
full sentences. You are not allowed to quote the text and must instead
reformulate it.
Exercice 4 – La fin des mots en gras a été effacée dans le texte cidessous. Écrivez lisiblement le mot entier dans la grille-réponse. ( /6)
EVERYONE knows that the financial system took a downw___ (12) dive in
mid-September. The failu____ (13) of Lehman Brothers turned the rich
world’s credit crun____ (14) into a global calamity, as the international
banking system came close to coll____ (15) and even the most basic
functions of finance, such as trade credit, seized up. To stop this financial
breakd____ (16) sending the world economy into a tailspin, politicians
scrambled with bank-rescue pack____ (17) and promises of fiscal stimulus.
Adapted from The Economist print edition, Jan 15th 2009
4
Exercice 5 –remplacez les blancs par les éléments appropriés : this/ the
/ a / 's / Ø [ce signe signifie qu’il ne faut rien mettre]. Reportez la
réponse dans la grille-réponse
(
/6)
____ (18) industry is in grave trouble. Around the world, factory ____ (19)
output is plunging at its fastest pace in decades as ______ (20) consequences
of slumping demand have rattled along the supply chain. In _____ (21) three
months to November American industrial production fell at an annualised
rate of 16% compared with the three months before. Over the same period
Japan fell by 21% and Germany’s by 15%. Some emerging economies have
done even worse. South Korea ____ (22) factory output fell at an annualised
rate of 25%, about as fast as in its financial crisis _____ (23) decade ago.
Adapted from The Economist print edition, Jan 15th 2009
Exercice 6- Choisissez la bonne réponse et reportez-la dans la grilleréponse.
(
/13)
24 - What is she complaining about ? She ... have warned us.
a) would
b) must
c) ought to d) may
e) will
25 - I ... be wrong, but I feel he will become a prominent politician.
a) may
b) should c) have to d) am able to
e) need to
26 - Professor Adams isn't in. He ... to London.
a) should have gone
b) should have been
d) is able to go
e) would have gone
c) had to go
27 – The bridge is still …
a) built
b) being constructing c) constructed
d) in construction
e) being built
28 – She … for over an hour now.
a) has been crying
b)
has cried
e) cried
c) cries
29 – We’ll go to bed soon, … good because I’m tired.
a) that is
b) what’s
c) which is d) that which is
30 – I’d rather you …
a) don’t smoke
d) haven’t smoked
d) is crying
e) wich will be
b) didn’t smoke c) won’t smoke
e) shouldn’t smoke
31 – If I had had better connections, I… a respected journalist.
a) could become
b) could have become c) would become
d) might have became
e) might become
5
32 – That monument is …
a)
a war’s memorial
c) a memorial war
e) the war’s memorial
b)
a war memorial
d) a memorial of war
33 – It was the first time he … her.
a) ’d ever seen
b)
was ever seeing c)
d) is ever seeing
e) ’s ever seen
34 – Nobody knows the exact value of bread, …?
a) Do they
b) Does he c)
do you
e) don’t they
ever saw
d)
doesn’t he
35 – If you were ever in trouble, I would give you all the help you …
a)
needed
b)
would need c) will need
d)
will have needed e) should need
36 – They anticipate … more staff.
a) the hiring
b)
hiring c) to hiring
e) to hire
6
d)
hiring of
Entrée en 4ème année 2009 * Anglais *
NOM : ……………………………………………………………………….
Prénom : ..………………………………………………………………….
Date naissance : ………………………………
Grille-réponse:
a
b
01.
02.
03.
04.
05.
06.
07.
08.
09.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
Exercice 5
this the
c
d
Entrée en 4ème année 2009
- ANGLAIS –
Exercice 6
a
b
e
c
d
e
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
36.
Exercice 2: Traduction
a
's
Ø
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
7
Exercice 3
Will Barack Obama enjoy a honeymoon and lead the lawmakers?
Provide five elements that suggest President Obama cannot simply impose his agenda
the way he wishes to
o (1) ____________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
o (2) ____________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
o (3) ____________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
o (4) ____________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
o (5) ____________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
Provide five other elements that suggest he might nonetheless succeed in manoeuvring
Congress in his first few months in office.
o (1) ____________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
o (2) ____________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
o (3) ____________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
o (4) ____________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
o (5) ____________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
8