Periodensystem der Elemente

Benennung mit Haupt- und Nebengruppen
IUPAC – Empfehlung
Von Chemical Abstracts Service bis 1986 verwendet
1
1. Hg
IA
1,00794
1s
H
-1,1
-259
-253
2.2
13.6
Wasserstoff
6,941
[He]2s
Be
[Ne]3s
Na
1
[Ar]4s
K
Ca
1
[Kr]5s
[Xe]6s
[Xe]6s
Cs
Y
2
0.9 725
3.9 1640
Cäsium
[223]
[Rn]7s
1.0
5.2
Barium
[226]
1
[Rn]7s
Fr
Ra
87
2
0.9 700
4.0 1140
Francium
1.0
5.3
[email protected]
138,9055
1
[Xe]5d 6s
6
2
La
57
2
14
3
2
Ta
14
2
2
Rf
Tantal
* [262]
Kohlenstoff
28,0855
1
2
14
58,93320
2
7
[Ar]3d 4s
Fe
58,6934
2
Co
26
4
6
[Kr]4d 5s
[Xe]4f 5d 6s
Eisen
101,07
1
Tc
1
Si
10
Pd
45
Technetium
186,207
14
5
[Xe]4f 5d 6s
2
Ruthenium
190,23
14
6
[Xe]4f 5d 6s
2
Rhodium
192,217
14
Os
75
7
[Xe]4f 5d 6s
2
Ir
76
Palladium
195,078
14
1
14
3
[Rn]5f 6d 7s
2
105
Wolfram
* [263]
14
4
[Rn]5f 6d 7s
2
Sg
106
Rhenium
* [264]
14
5
[Rn]5f 6d 7s
2
Bh
107
Osmium
* [265]
14
6
[Rn]5f 6d 7s
Hs
Iridium
* [268]
14
7
2
Mt
108
109
Hassium
Meitnerium
Platin
* [269]
14
Rutherfordium
Dubnium
140,116
140,90765
2
[Xe]4f 6s
2
Ce
58
1
2
Ac
89
Actinium
2
[Rn]6d 7s
2
Th
90
Thorium
144,24
[145]
4
[Xe]4f 6s
Pr
2
Nd
1
[Rn]5f 6d 7s
2
3
Pa
U
91
92
4,5
1.1 1554
7.0 4030
Protactinium
1
2
9
1
Ds
Np
93
3,4,5,6
1.1 1132
- 3818
Uran
1
[Rn]5f 6d 7s
2
10
Uuu
111
6
[Rn]5f 7s
Neptunium
2
2
7
[Rn]5f 7s
Gd
2
162,50
2
Cm
Curium
2
2
14
Br
10
Te
10
2
3
14
Bi
5
10
10
I
2
4
14
Xe
2,4,6
10
2
5
[Xe]4f 5d 6s 6p
Po
12.1
Xenon
[222]
14
10
2
6
[Xe]4f 5d 6s 6p
At
Rn
85
86
-1,1,3,5,7
2
1.8 302
8.4 337
Polonium
6
54
2.2 -112
10.5 -107
Iod
[210]
2,4,6
1.7 254
7.3 962
2
[Kr]4d 5s 5p
53
84
3,5
Bismut
2
14.0
Krypton
131,29
-1,1,5,7
[Xe]4f 5d 6s 6p
83
1.6 271
7.4 1560
2
2.0 114
9.0 184
Tellur
[209]
Kr
[Kr]4d 5s 5p
-2,4,6
6
36
Brom
126,90447
4
2
2.7 -157
11.8 -152
52
[Xe]4f 5d 6s 6p
2,4
Blei
164,93032
11
[Xe]4f 6s
Uuq
Uup
114
12
[Xe]4f 6s
Ho
2.0 -71
9.5 -62
Astat
Uuh
115
10
2
Er
116
11
[Rn]5f 7s
Cf
Es
99
3,4
Californium
2
10.7
Radon
Uus
Uuo
117
3
~1.2 860
Einsteinium
12
2
Fm
100
3
~1.2
118
2
Md
Lu
3
14
[Rn]5f 7s
2
No
102
2,3
1.1
5.4
Lutetium
* [262]
14
1
[Rn]5f 6d 7s
Lr
103
3
~1.2
Mendelevium
2
1.1 1656
6.3 3315
Ytterbium
* [259]
101
1
71
2,3
3
~1.2
Fermium
13
[Rn]5f 7s
14
[Xe]4f 5d 6s
Yb
1.1 824
6.2 1193
Thulium
* [258]
174,967
2
70
2,3
[Rn]5f 7s
14
[Xe]4f 6s
Tm
1.1 1545
6.1 1727
Erbium
* [257]
173,04
2
69
1.1 1522
6.0 2510
Holmium
* [252]
98
~1.2 900
13
[Xe]4f 6s
3
1470
5.9 2720
[Rn]5f 7s
168,93421
2
68
3
Dysprosium
* [251]
2
167,26
2
67
3
3,4
Berkelium
2
Pb
Uut
Dy
Bk
~1.2 986
10
2
1.8 450
8.6 990
Antimon
208,98038
82
113
66
97
3,4
~1.2 1340
6.0 3100
10
[Xe]4f 6s
1.1 1406
5.9 2335
9
14
10
10
[Ar]3d 4s 4p
-1,1,3,5,7
[Kr]4d 5s 5p
Sb
5
2.5 -7
9.8 59
-3,3,5
1.4 328
6.1 1740
Thallium
3
2
35
2.2 217
9.8 685
2
10
[Ar]3d 4s 4p
Se
51
[Xe]4f 5d 6s 6p
4
15.8
Argon
83,80
Ununbium1
Ununtrium1
Ununquadium1 Ununpentium1 Ununhexium1 Ununseptium1 Ununoctium1
Die Elemente mit den Ordnungszahlen 112 – 118 wurden noch nicht synthetisiert bzw. von der IUPAC offiziell anerkannt!
[Rn]5f 7s
96
3,4,5,6
Americium
1
[Rn]5f 6d 7s
10
2
Chlor
79,904
-2,4,6
[Kr]4d 5s 5p
Ar
18
2.8 -189
13.0 -186
1
1.1 1360
6.1 3041
7
2
Tl
81
Uub
Tb
Terbium
* [247]
1
1,3
112
3,4
Gadolinium
* [247]
2
Cl
17
[Ar]3d 4s 4p
Selen
127,60
6
-1,1,3,5,7
34
1.7 631
7.3 1750
Zinn
207,2
10
2
[Ne]3s 3p
*
65
3
Am
95
1.2 994
5.8 2607
9
[Xe]4f 6s
64
1.0 1311
5.7 3233
Europium
[243]
3,4,5,6
Plutonium
158,92534
2,3
Pu
94
1.2 641
3327
157,25
1
1
10
1.5 304
10.4 1457
Quecksilber
14
2
2,4
14
Hg
Arsen
121,760
Sn
[Xe]4f 5d 6s 6p
3
5
2.4 -101
10.4 -35
Schwefel
78,96
As
50
Indium
204,3833
80
[Rn]5f 6d 7s
Unununium
7
2
2
1.5 232
5.8 2270
1,2
Darmstadtium
[Xe]4f 5d 6s
Eu
1.1 822
5.6 1597
Samarium
[244]
3,4,5,6
1.2 640
6.1 3902
2
10
1.4 -39
9.2 357
Gold
* [272]
10
In
2
2
21.6
Neon
39,948
[Ne]3s 3p
S
33
[Kr]4d 5s 5p
3
14
1,3
[Rn]5f 6d 7s
1
4
-2,2,4,6
-3,3,5
2.0 613(subl.)
7.9 -
Germanium
118,710
49
[Xe]4f 5d 6s
79
1.4 1064
9.0 2940
110
63
2,3
Promethium
[237]
7
[Xe]4f 6s
Sm
1.1 1072
5.6 1778
4
151,964
2
62
3
[Rn]5f 6d 7s
6
[Xe]4f 6s
61
1.1 1080
5.5 2730
Neodym
[238]
150,36
2
Pm
60
1.1 1010
5.4 3127
2
5
[Xe]4f 6s
3
Praseodym
[231]
4
1.0 1750
6.9 4787
Bohrium
3,4
1.1 931
5.5 3212
Cer
[232]
3
2
59
3,4
[Rn]6d 7s
1047
3197
3
[Xe]4f 6s
Seaborgium
1
2
1.5 157
9.0 2080
Cadmium
200,59
Au
78
[Rn]5f 6d 7s
10
[Xe]4f 5d 6s
Pt
77
2
Silber
196,96655
14
10
10
Ne
10
4.1 -249
17.4 -246
Fluor
35,4527
16
[Ar]3d 4s 4p
Ge
1.8 937
6.0 2830
2
1.4 321
7.6 765
2
32
[Kr]4d 5s 5p
48
1,2
9
2
2
4
Gallium
114,818
Cd
47
1.4 962
8.3 2212
[Xe]4f 5d 6s
10
[Kr]4d 5s
Ag
46
-2,0,2,3,4,6,8
0,1,2,3,4,5
0,2,4
1.4 2310
1.4 1966
1.5 1552
7.3 3900
7.4 3727
7.5 3140
10
[Ar]3d 4s 4p
Ga
1.7 30
9.4 2403
Zink
112,411
1
1
3
1.8 420
7.7 907
[Kr]4d 5s
2
F
2.1 113
10.5 445
Phosphor
74,92160
6
-1
2
P
2
[He]2s 2p
9
[Ne]3s 3p
-3,3,5
24.6
20,1797
5
3.5 -220
13.6 -188
Sauerstoff
32,066
3
1.7 44
8.2 280
Silicium
72,61
31
2
Kupfer
107,8682
10
10
O
-2,-1
15
-4,4
[Ar]3d 4s 4p
30
1,2
[Kr]4d
Rh
44
7
Re
74
8
69,723
2
Zn
29
1.8 1084
7.6 2595
Nickel
106,42
10
[Ar]3d 4s
2
2
[He]2s 2p
8
[Ne]3s 3p
1.5 1410
6.0 2355
IIA Aluminium
65,39
1
Cu
28
1.7 1453
7.9 2732
[Kr]4d 5s
10
[Ar] 3d 4s
0,2,3
Cobalt
102,90550
1
63,546
2
Ni
27
Ru
43
2
7
[Kr]4d 5s
8
[Ar] 3d 4s
2
-272
-269
VIIA Helium
18,9984032
4
3.1 -218
14.5 -183
Stickstoff
30,973761
14
661
2467
IB 2. Ng
N
7
[Ne]3s 3p
2
[He]2s 2p
-3,2,3,4,5
2.5 -210
11.3 -196
3
12
VIII 1. Ng
0,2,3,4,5,6
-1,2,4,6,7
-2,0,2,3,4,6,8
-1,0,1,2,3,4,6
0,2,4
1.3 3407
1.4 3180
1.5 3045
1.5 2410
1.6 1772
7.9 5927
8.0 5627
7.9 5027
8.7 4130
9.1 3827
Db
104
1
W
73
5
[Rn]5f 6d 7s
Mangan
[98]
Mo
1.2 2996
7.0 5425
Hafnium
[261]
Mn
42
Molybdän
183,84
6
[Ar]3d 4s
25
0,2,3,4,5,6
1.3 2172
1.2 2617
7.1 5030
6.9 5560
[Xe]4f 5d 6s
4
1.1 798
5.6 3257
Lanthan
[227]
7
2
2150
5400
3
920
3454
http://www.pse-online.de
14
[Xe]4f 5d 6s
Niobium
180,9479
55,845
2
11
10
VIII 8. Ng
Actinoide
Radium
© 1999-2003
by Lars Röglin
Nb
3,5
Zirconium
178,49
5
[Kr]4d 5s
41
Hf
Ac-Lr
88
1
1
1.2 2468
6.8 4927
72
89 –103
2
4
9
VIII 8. Ng
-1,0,2,3,4,6,7
-2,0,2,3,6
-1,0,2,3
1.6 1244
1.6 1535
1.6 1495
6.8 2097
7.4 2750
7.9 2870
1.5 1857
6.7 2482
4
Lanthanoide
Cr
[Kr]4d 5s
Zr
La-Lu
56
1
2
5
[Ar]3d 4s
0,2,3,6
Chrom
95,94
8
VIIB 8. Ng
54,938049
1
24
Vanadium
92,90638
40
57 – 71
2
V
23
1.1 1852
6.4 4377
Yttrium
Ba
55
2
5
[Ar]3d 4s
0,2,3,4,5
[Kr]4d 5s
3
1.0 1523
5.7 3337
Strontium
137,327
1
2
VIB 7. Ng
51,9961
2
1.3 1890
6.8 3380
Titan
91,224
39
2
28
690
27
677
1
[Kr]4d 5s
Sr
0.9 769
4.2 1384
Rubidium
132,90545
Ti
1.2 1660
6.5 3260
Scandium
88,90585
3
[Ar] 3d 4s
3,4
7
VB 6. Ng
50,9415
2
22
3
38
1
7
Sc
2
2
[Ar] 3d 4s
21
6
IVB 5. Ng
47,867
2
1.0 1539
6.1 2832
Calcium
87,62
Rb
6
1
2
39
688
Bor
26,981538
5
4
IIIB 4. Ng
[Ar] 3d 4s
20
37
5
3
44,955910
2
0.9 839
4.3 1487
C
VIA 7. Hg
15,9994
3
[He]2s 2p
-4,2,4
2.0 3550
8.3 4827
Al
3. Ng
2
17
16
VA 6. Hg
14,00674
2
6
3
13
Magnesium
40,078
1
[Kr]5s
B
5
2
1.2
7.6
2
[He]2s 2p
2300
2550
Americium
15
IVA 5. Hg
12,0107
1
[Ne]3s 3p
2
19
Kalium
85,4678
Elementsymbol
Oxidationszahlen (häufigste)
Elektronegativität
Erste Ionisierungsenergie [eV]
~1.2
6.0
2
[He]2s 2p
2
1.0 649
5.1 1107
64
774
Am
14
IIIA 4. Hg
10,811
Elementsymbol:
Tc = kein stabiles Isotop bekannt
N = gasförmig
Br = flüssig (bei 20 °C)
Am = fest
12
1
4
13
Mg
11
[Ar]4s
Künstliches Element
Elektronenkonfiguration
3,4,5,6
994
2607
Schmelzpunkt [°C]
Siedepunkt [°C]
Elementname
[Ne]3s
*
2
95
Ordnungszahl
1.5
9.3
Beryllium
24,3050
1
98
892
Natrium
39,0983
7
[Rn]5f 7s
2
1.0 1278
5.4 2970
Lithium
22,989770
3
243,0614
[Massenzahl des langlebigsten Isotops]
4
1
He
3. Hg
Relative Atommasse
2
2
2
IIA
[He]2s
Li
181
1317
1s
http://www.pse-online.de
2
2. Hg
9,012182
1
3
2
4,002602
Periodensystem der Elemente
1
1
1
18
8. Hg VIIIA
Nobelium
Lawrencium
2
*