découvertes majeures autour du diamant bleu de la couronne

-53³5-.!4)/.!,$()34/)2%.!452%,,%
8dbbjc^fj‚YZegZhhZ™BVgY^&-cdkZbWgZ'%%-
:x9EKL;HJ;IC7@;KH;I7KJEKH
:K:?7C7DJ8B;K:;B79EKHEDD;
BWZƒYekl[hj[hƒY[dj[Z½kd[hƒfb_gk[^_ijeh_gk[[dfbecX
Zk coj^_gk[ Z_WcWdj Xb[k" ZWdi b[i Yebb[Yj_edi Zk Ckiƒkc
dWj_edWbZ½>_ije_h[dWjkh[bb["Wf[hc_ibWhƒƒZ_j_ed[nWYj[[dhƒWb_jƒ
l_hjk[bb[fk_i[dp_hYed[cWjƒh_Wk_c_jWdjb[Z_WcWdjZ[Y[`eoWkheoWb"
lebƒ}bW<hWdY[[d'-/($B[ihƒikbjWjiZ[Y[ijhWlWkn"c[dƒifWh<hWd‚e_i
<Wh][i'"Y^[hY^[khWk:ƒfWhj[c[dj>_ije_h[Z[bWJ[hh[ZkCkiƒkc"iedjfkXb_ƒi
ZWdib[lebkc[',+Z[bWGZkjZYZ<Zbbdad\^Z#
H[ZƒYekl[hj[Z½kd[hƒfb_gk[^_ijeh_gk[
AɂijYZ YÉjc bdYƒaZ Zc eadbW YÉjc \gVcY Y^VbVci! Y‚XdjkZgi g‚XZbbZci
YVchYZh[dcYhVcX^ZchYZaVXdaaZXi^dcYZb^c‚gVad\^ZYjBjh‚jb!VeZgb^h
YZ bdcigZg fjÉ^a hÉV\^hhV^i Yj bni]^fjZ » Y^VbVci WaZj YZ aV 8djgdccZ ¼!
eZhVci +. XVgVih Zi YÉjc WaZj [dcX‚ ZmXZei^dccZa# 8dccj hZjaZbZci \g}XZ
|YZjm\gVkjgZh^beg‚X^hZh!XZ_dnVjgZhiZ|XZ_djgaZeajh\gVcYZiaZeajh
WZVjY^VbVciWaZj_VbV^hY‚XdjkZgi#
BdYƒaZZceadbWdj®eadbW¯Yj®Y^VbVci
WaZj YZ aV 8djgdccZ ¯ gZigdjk‚ YVch YZh
[dcYh VcX^Zch Zc Xdjgh Y¼^ckZciV^gZ Vj
BC=CYZEVg^h#9^bZch^dch/(%!)m'*!*m
&'!.bb#
<g}XZVjmYZgc^ƒgZhiZX]c^fjZhYjaVhZgZiYjcjb‚g^fjZ!aZY^VbVciVej
„igZgZXg‚‚cjb‚g^fjZbZci#®AZY^VbVciWaZjgZYZk^ZciV^ch^aZX]Z[Y¼¶jkgZ
YZa¼VgiaVe^YV^gZWVgdfjZ[gVcV^h!\g}XZ|hVhnb‚ig^ZY¼dgYgZ,!fj^[jiY¼jcZ
igƒh\gVcYZXdbeaZm^i‚|iV^aaZg#8]Z[Y¼¶jkgZegZhfjZdjWa^‚YZej^hhdckdaZc
&,.'!aZY^VbVcibdcigZjcZ®gdhZ¯XZcigVaZfj^Wg^aaZiZajchdaZ^a#:hi"XZjc
hnbWdaZY‚h^g‚eVgaZGd^"HdaZ^aaj^"b„bZ4¯hZfjZhi^dccZ;gVcd^h;Vg\Zh!
|aÉdg^\^cZYZXZiiZY‚XdjkZgiZ#¿XZiiZdXXVh^dc!aZ\gVcY^ch^\cZYZaÉdgYgZ
YZaVId^hdcYÉDgYZAdj^hMKV‚\VaZbZciej„igZgZXdchigj^ihjgdgY^cViZjg!
bdcigVciaZ\gVcYY^VbVciWaZjZchdcXZcigZ#8ZX]Z[YÉÃjkgZVWhdajYZaV
_dV^aaZg^ZWVgdfjZ[jiXg‚ZZc&,).bV^hY^heVgjY‚Òc^i^kZbZciadghYjkda
YZh?dnVjmYZaV8djgdccZZchZeiZbWgZ&,.'#
B[¯Z_WcWdjXb[kZ[bW9ekhedd[°[ij#_bb[Z_WcWdj¯>ef[°
lebƒ[jh[jW_bbƒi[Yh„j[c[dj5
<djVX]Z YZ EVhXVa BdccZn edjg =ZgWZgi
=dgdk^io _dV^aa^Zg | <ZcƒkZ bdcigVci
jcZ gZXdchigjXi^dc eaVjh^WaZ YZ aV \gVcYZ
Id^hdcY¼DgYZAdj^hMKY^iZYZaV®eVgjgZ
YZ XdjaZjg ¯# AZh \gVcYZh \ZbbZh dci
‚i‚ gZXg‚Zh hjg aV WVhZ YZ gZXdchi^iji^dch
cjb‚g^fjZh#AV\djVX]ZgZheZXiZVjb^Zjm
aZh iZX]c^fjZh YZ hZgi^hhV\Z Zc k^\jZjg |
a¼‚edfjZZiY^kZghYdXjbZcihVcX^Zch#
EVgVaaƒaZbZci|aɂijYZcjb‚g^fjZYjY^VbVci!;gVcd^h;Vg\ZhZihdc‚fj^eZ
^ciZgcVi^dcVaZdcibZc‚jcZk‚g^iVWaZ»Zcfj„iZeda^X^ƒgZ¼edjgXdbegZcYgZ
aÉ]^hid^gZ YZ XZ Y^VbVci Y^heVgj Zc &,.'# 6^ch^ ^ah dci Y‚XdjkZgi! YVch aZh
VgX]^kZh Yj Bjh‚jb cVi^dcVa YÉ=^hid^gZ cVijgZaaZ! fjÉjc XZgiV^c 8]VgaZh
6X]VgY! YdcViZjg Yj eadbW Zi _dV^aa^Zg | EVg^h! V aV^hh‚ aÉ^cY^XVi^dc fjZ aZ
Y^VbVci[gVcV^hVjgV^i‚i‚edhh‚Y‚eVghdcXa^Zci»Bg=deeZYZAdcYgZh¼#
>aYZk^ZciVadghedhh^WaZYÉZck^hV\ZgfjÉ=ZcgnE]^a^e=deZVVXfj^haZY^VbVci
WaZj[gVcV^hVegƒhhdckdaZc&,.'#B#=deZVjgV^iV^ch^‚i‚^bea^fj‚YVch
aVgZiV^aaZYjY^VbVciWaZjhdjhhV[dgbZVXijZaaZ!aZY^VbVci»=deZ¼/jc
hVXg^aƒ\Z|XdbbZiigZedjgZbe„X]ZgaV;gVcXZYZgZXdjkg^ga‚\VaZbZciaZ
_dnVjkda‚
&#Egd[ZhhZjgZigZhedchVWaZYZhXdaaZXi^dchYZb^c‚gVad\^ZYjBjh‚jbcVi^dcVa
YÉ=^hid^gZcVijgZaaZ"JBG,&+%B^c‚gVad\^ZZiE‚igdad\^ZEVg^h+BC=C$8CGH
'
GZXdchi^iji^dc Yj ®Y^VbVci WaZj YZ aV
8djgdccZ¯ eVg dgY^cViZjg# AZh ®[Zjm¯
Yj Y^VbVci Zi aV XdjaZjg dci ‚i‚ h^bja‚h
eg‚X^h‚bZci eVg Y^kZghZh iZX]c^fjZh
XdbW^cVci jc hXVc aVhZg! Y^kZghZh
iZX]cdad\^Zh 869 V^ch^ fjZ YZh ad\^X^Zah
Y¼dei^fjZ a^c‚V^gZ Zi YZ heZXigdhXde^Z
dei^fjZ! Zc hZ WVhVci hjg aZ Y^VbVci
®=deZ¯VkZXeZgb^hh^dcYZaVHb^i]hdc^Vc
>chi^iji^dc!LVh]^c\idc#
IgVX‚ Yj Y^VbVci ® =deZ ¯ Zc WaZj0 VkZX
eZgb^hh^dc YZ aV Hb^i]hdc^Vc >chi^iji^dc!
LVh]^c\idc YVch aZ ® Y^VbVci WaZj YZ aV
8djgdccZYjBC=C¯bdcigVciaVgZiV^aaZ
Vj eajh egƒh Yj Y^VbVci [gVcV^h# 8¼Zhi
aV egZb^ƒgZ Y‚bdchigVi^dc ZmVXiZ YZ aV
gZiV^aaZYjY^VbVci[gVcV^hkZghaZY^VbVci
Vb‚g^XV^c#
AZ Y^VbVci =deZ! Y‚bdci‚ YZ hdc Xdaa^Zg
8Vgi^ZgVkZXeZgb^hh^dcYZaVHb^i]hdc^Vc
>chi^iji^dc!LVh]^c\idc#
Hb^i]hdc^Vc>chi^iji^dc!LVh]^c\idc
;Vg\Zh$BC=C
;Vg\Zh$BC=C
JCE:J9É=>HID>G:###
HE?I"8H?=7D:I;JH;9;B;KHI
8ÉZhiZc&+,&fjZAdj^hM>KdgYdccZaVgZiV^aaZYZ
hdc Y^VbVci Wgji YÉZck^gdc &&* XVgVih! gVbZc‚
YZh>cYZhZc&++-eVg?ZVc"7Vei^hiZIVkZgc^Zg!aZ
X‚aƒWgZkdnV\Zjg[gVcV^h#AZcdjkZVjY^VbVcicZ
eƒhZ fjZ +. XVgVih# BV^h hV iV^aaZ ZmXZei^dccZaaZ
gZc[dgXZ hV XdjaZjg WaZjZ hVe]^g jc^fjZ# 6egƒh
aZ»HVcXn¼!aZY^VbVciYZk^ZciaZYZjm^ƒbZeajh
^bedgiVci_dnVjYZaV8djgdccZYZ;gVcXZVjmnZjm
YZhgd^hbV^hXZgiV^cZbZciaZeajhjc^fjZYÉZcigZ
idjh# >a dgcZ Zchj^iZ aZ \gVcY ^ch^\cZ YZ aÉDgYgZ
YZaVId^hdcYÉDgYZAdj^hMK!X]Z[YÉÃjkgZYZaV
_dV^aaZg^ZWVgdfjZ#:c&,.'!aVId^hdcZhikda‚Zadgh
YjhVXYZaÉ=iZaYj<VgYZ"BZjWaZVXijZaaZbZci
=iZaYZaVBVg^cZ!eaVXZYZaV8dcXdgYZ|EVg^h#
AZY^VbVciWaZjY^heVgVˆiVadghedjgidj_djgh#8Z
cÉZhifjÉZc&-&'fjÉjcY^VbVciWaZj[dcX‚VeeVgVˆi
X]Zojc_dV^aa^ZgadcYdc^Zc!ej^hYVchaVXdaaZXi^dc
YÉ=ZcgnE]^a^e=deZ!\gVcYWVcfj^ZgYZAdcYgZh#
8ZY^VbVciWaZj!gdcY!eƒhZ)*!*XVgVih#9ƒh&-*+!
YZhYdjiZhVaaV^Zci„igZ‚b^hhjgaÉdg^\^cZeg‚X^hZ
YZXZY^VbVciVc\aV^h#>acZbVcfjV^i_jhiZfjÉjcZ
g‚ea^fjZ Yj Y^VbVci WaZj [gVcV^h edjg XadgZ
aÉZcfj„iZ###
AV XdbeVgV^hdc cjb‚g^fjZ Yj eadbW Yj » Y^VbVci WaZj YZ aV
8djgdccZ ¼ VkZX XZaj^ Yj Y^VbVci » =deZ ¼ \gVX^ZjhZbZci
Xdbbjc^fj‚eVgaVHb^i]hdc^Vc>chi^iji^dcYZLVh]^c\idcd‘^a
ZhiVXijZaaZbZciZmedh‚Y‚bdcigZXdbbZciaZY^VbVci[gVcV^h
V kgV^hZbWaVWaZbZci ‚i‚ gZiV^aa‚ ZcigZ &,.' Zi &-&'# Hj^iZ |
XZiiZgZiV^aaZ»XViVhigde]^fjZ¼!aZ\gVcYY^VbVciWaZj[gVcV^h
VeZgYjhVbV\c^ÒfjZiV^aaZVcX^ZccZ!Y^iZZc»gdhZYZEVg^h¼
ZieVhbd^chYZ'(!*XVgVihJcZg‚‚Y^i^dcZmVXiZYj»Y^VbVci
WaZjYZaV8djgdccZ¼V‚i‚g‚Va^h‚ZeVgHXdiiHjX]Zg!aVe^YV^gZ
Zi he‚X^Va^hiZ bdcY^Va YZh g‚ea^fjZh YZh \gVcYh Y^VbVcih
]^hidg^fjZh#8ZiiZg‚ea^fjZhZgVZmedh‚ZVjejWa^XYƒh'%&%YVch
aVhVaaZYjIg‚hdgYZaV<VaZg^ZYZB^c‚gVad\^ZZiYZ<‚dad\^ZYj
Bjh‚jbcVi^dcVaYÉ=^hid^gZcVijgZaaZYZEVg^h#9É^X^a|!aZeadbW
ZihVg‚ea^fjZkdcigZ_d^cYgZaZY^VbVci»=deZ¼|LVh]^c\idc
edjgjcZg‚igdheZXi^kZhe‚X^VaZhjgXZY^VbVci#
:c eajh Yj \gVcY hVe]^g YZ Adj^h M>K fj^ cÉV eVh ‚i‚ kda‚ Zc
&,.'!aZBjh‚jbcVi^dcVaYÉ=^hid^gZcVijgZaaZYZEVg^hedhhƒYZ
Y‚hdgbV^haZhg‚ea^fjZhYj»Y^VbVciWaZjYZIVkZgc^Zg¼ZiYj
»Y^VbVciWaZjYZaV8djgdccZ¼!iV^aa‚ZhYVchYZhbdcdXg^hiVjm
YZo^gXdcZWaZjZ#
AZejWa^XeZjiVYb^gZgXZh_dnVjmYVchaV<VaZg^Zk^gijZaaZYZB^c‚gVad\^ZaVcX‚ZZc_j^cYZgc^ZgeVgaZBjh‚jb/
lll#bjhZjb"b^cZgVa#[g
8_Xb_e]hWf^_[
;Vg\Zh;#!HjX]ZgH#!=dgdk^io=#VcY;djgXVjai?"B!9ZjmY‚XdjkZgiZhbV_ZjgZhVjidjgYj»Y^VbVciWaZjYZaV8djgdccZ¼!
GZkjZYZ<Zbbdad\^Z'%%-!kdajbZ&+*!ee#&,"')#
<hWd‚e_i<Wh][ic„d[i[ijhWlWkniY_[dj_\_gk[iWki[_dZkZƒfWhj[c[dj¯>_ije_h[Z[bWJ[hh[°ZkCkiƒkc$
9[ZƒfWhj[c[djWfekheX`[jb½ƒjkZ[Z[b½^_ije_h[Z[bWl_[[dh[bWj_edWl[YiedYWZh[f^oi_gk[gk½[ijbWJ[hh[0_bh[jhWY["
[dY[i[di"b½ƒlebkj_edZ[bWX_eif^„h[_djƒ]hƒ[ZWdib[Yedj[nj[Z[b½eh_]_d["bW\ehcWj_ed[jb½ƒlebkj_edZ[bWfbWd„j[$
9edjWYjifh[ii[
:hiZaaZBZgXZgdc/%&)%,.*))%™bZgXZgdc5bc]c#[g
?ja^V7^\di/%&)%,.*)))™W^\di5bc]c#[g
mmm$cd^d$\h%fh[ii[
(