Potential Impacts of CFC Restrictions on - Purdue e-Pubs

Purdue University
Purdue e-Pubs
International Refrigeration and Air Conditioning
Conference
School of Mechanical Engineering
1988
Potential Impacts of CFC Restrictions on
Refrigeration and Space Conditioning Equipment
F. A. Creswick
Oak Ridge National Laboratory
S. K. Fischer
Oak Ridge National Laboratory
J. R. Sand
Oak Ridge National Laboratory
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Creswick, F. A.; Fischer, S. K.; and Sand, J. R., "Potential Impacts of CFC Restrictions on Refrigeration and Space Conditioning
Equipment" (1988). International Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Conference. Paper 48.
http://docs.lib.purdue.edu/iracc/48
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REFRIGERATION
POTENTIAL IMPACTS OF CFC RESTRICTIONS ON
AND SPACE-CONDITIONING EQUIPMENT
F. A. Cresw ick
s. K. Fisch er
J. R.
sand
Energy Divis ion
Oak Ridge Natio nal Labor atory
Oak Ridge , Tenne ssee
Abstr act
ed altern ative s to
sever al organ izatio ns have recen tly surveyspace -cond itioni ng
and
n
eratio
refrig
in
unds
the use of CFC compo
inary analy sis of
appli cation s. ORNL has condu cted a prelimtry survey of R&D needs in
indus
an
and
ts
impac
y-use
poten tial energ
respon se to CFC restri ction s.
will have the major
Of the restri cted compo unds, R-11 and R-12tionin g, domes tic and
condi
impac t due to their wide use in auto air l chille rs. Alter native
comm ercial refrig eratio n, and centr ifuga includ e R-22, R-500 , R-502 ,
refrig erant s availa ble in the short term
le subst itutes for all
and certa in blend s, but these are not suitab
nment ally accep table
applic ations . R-l34 a and R-123 are enviro
equipm ent, but
subst itutes which appea r promi sing for new
they will not be comm erciall y
inform ation on them is prelim inary and
fore unused compo unds
availa ble for sever al years . Blend s of hereto
prese nt additi onal possi biliti es.
to be fully accep table
Provid ed that the new refrig erant s prove
ts on new equipm ent
impac
y-use
energ
se
adver
erm
long-t
subst itutes ,
subst itutes
ified
ident
if
severe
be
will
ts
Impac
.
will be minor
cted in the
restri
also
is
R-22
if
or
e
eptabl
unacc
prove to be
be incurr ed by the use
future . Howev er, signi fican t penal ties may nces and build ings.
applia
in
ials
mater
tion
insula
of subst itute
ent may be a major
Subst itute refrig erant s for existi ng equipm
proble m.
ate inform ation on the
Gener ation of compr ehensi ve and accurof
R-134 a and R-123 is an
ts
engin eering prope rties and health effec
are neede d. The poten tial use
urgen t R&D need. Coope rative effor tsexplo
red as replac ement
of refrig erant mixtu res needs to be modul ation benef its that can be
subst itutes and for effici ency and
res. Alter native cycle s
derive d by the use of nonaz cotrop ic mixtu
.
itutes
subst
p
back-u
as
mined
need to be re-exa
SUR LES MATERIELS
IMPAC'rS POTENTIELS DES RESTRICTIONS DE CFC
D'AlR .
DE REFROIDISSEMENT ET DE CONDITIONNEMENT
des soluti ons
Plusie urs organ lsatio ns ont recemm ent etudie
RESUME
du froid et
ations
applic
les
dans
CFC
des
n
isatio
de rechan ge ~ l'util
e prelim inaire
analys
une
ue
effect
a
L'ORNL
d'alr,
ent
du condlt ionnem
n de l'ener gle et une etude des
de l'impa ct poten tial sur l'util isatio velopp
ement pour faire face aux
che-de
recher
en
strle
l'indu
besoin s de
CFC.
des
n
isatio
l'Utll
limita tions dans
limite e, le Rll et
Parmi les compo ses dont l'util i5ati on est
leur large utilide
raison
en
tant
impor
plus
le
ct
le RJ.2 ont l'lmpa
, du froid meobiles
autom
des
d'air
ent
lonnem
sation dans le condit
esseUr Centr icompr
a
Urs
dlSSe
refroi
les
danS
et
nager et COmm ercial
~ court termc comnibles
dispo
ge
rechan
de
s
igene
fuge. Les frigor
B6
prenncnt le R22, le RSOO, le R 502 et certalnS melanges , mals
ceux-ci
ne sont pas appropr1~s pour toutes les applicat1 ons. Le Rl34a
et Je
Rl23,qul sont acceptab les pour l'environ nement, ~emblent promette
urs
pour de nouveaux mat~riels ; cependan t, les renseigne ments les
concernant en sont au stade pr~liminaire ; ces frigor1ge nes ne
seront
pas commerc ialises avant plusieurs ann~es. Les m~langes de compos~s
inutilis~s jusqu'ici presenle nt des possibili
t~s suppl~menta1res.
A condition que les nouveaux frigorige nes se r~velent etre entierernen t acceptab les, l'impact defavora ble ~ long terrne de
!'utilisation de l'cnergie sur les nouveaux materiel s est peu importan
t.
L'impact sera s~rieux si les produits de remplacem ent 1dent1f1
es se
revelent inaccept ables ou si !'utilisa tion de R22 est l1rnitee
aUSSl
~ l'avenir . Cependan t, des inconven ients importan
ts peuvent etre
encourus par !'utilisa tion d'1solan ts de rernplacer nent dans les
appareils et les bat1rnent s. Les frigorige nes de remplacem ent
materiel s existant s peuvent constitu er un probleme maJeur. pour les
La productio n de renseigne rnents complete et pr~c1s sur les proprietes technique s et les effets sur la sant~ du Rl34a et du
Rl23
est un beso1n urgent de recherche-d~veloppement. Des efforts
de coop~ration sent n~cessaires. Pour rernplace r les
halogene s, il est
necessai re d'exarnin er les condition s d'utilisa tion de rn~langcs
de
frigorig~nes, et d'appr~cier les avantage s en
ce qui concerns le
rendemen t et la regulatio n des melanges non azeotrop iques. Les
cycles
de remplacenHO>nt devron·t i"t.rG r~exarnin~s cornrne moyen compl~men
taire.
This paper appears in the July 1988 issue of the IJR
on page 217.
87