FeLV/FIV Helpful Guidelines
Transcription
FeLV/FIV Helpful Guidelines
Kittens Diagnosing Infection FIV diagnostic algorithm FeLV diagnostic algorithm Adult Cats (>6 months of age) All Cats History/Physical Exam History/Physical Exam History/Physical Exam SNAP® Combo Test SNAP® Combo Test SNAP® Combo Test Test every kitten, regardless of age. FIV Diagnostic Algorithm — Kittens (<6 Months of age) FIV Antibody-Negative 2 FIV Antibody-Positive 1 May be due to maternal antibodies if history is unknown. Consider free of infection and begin a wellness program immedediately. Start management program immediately. FIV Antibody-Positive FeLV Antigen-Positive FIV Antibody-Negative 1 All positive results should be confirmed. Start wellness program immediately Consider free of infection and begin a wellness program Retest immediately with Western blot FeLV Antigen-Negative 2 All positive results should be confirmed. Start wellness program immediately Consider free of infection and begin a wellness program Retest immediately with IFA Retest at 60-day intervals SNAP® Combo Test Confirm positive results at a Referral Laboratory Western Blot Test FIV Antibody-Positive FIV Antibody-Negative Maternal antibodies may take up to six months of age to clear, continue testing in 60-day intervals Consider free of infection and begin a wellness program. After kitten reaches six months of age... FIV Western Blot-Positive FIV Western Blot-Negative FeLV laboratory Positive FeLV laboratory Negative Consider FIV-infected and continue appropriate management program and/or treatments (see management plan) Discrepant results—infection may be in early stage or initial ELISA results may be incorrect Consider FeLV-infected and start appropriate management program and/or treatments (see management plan) Discrepant results—infection may be in early stage or initial ELISA results may be incorrect SNAP® Combo Test FIV Antibody-Positive Consider FIV-infected and continue appropriate management program and/or treatments (see management plan) Retest in 28 days using both SNAP® and IFA Retest in 60 days using both SNAP® and Western blot FIV Antibody-Negative Consider free of infection and begin a wellness program. SNAP® Combo Test and Referral Laboratory Test SNAP® Combo Test and Western Blot Test SNAP Pos W Blot Pos Consider FIV-infected and continue appropriate management program and/or treatments (see management plan) SNAP Pos W Blot Neg Discrepant result. Repeat both the SNAP and Western blot at six-month intervals. The health of these cats should be monitored and managed with the same care as if they were FIV-infected. SNAP Neg W Blot Pos One of the results is incorrect. Repeat both tests. SNAP Neg W Blot Neg Consider free of infection and continue wellness program SNAP Pos Lab Pos Consider FeLV-infected and start appropriate management program and/or treatments (see management plan) SNAP Pos Lab Neg Discrepant result. Repeat both the SNAP and IFA at six-month intervals. The health of these cats should be monitored and managed with the same care as if they were FeLV-infected. SNAP Neg Lab Pos One of the results is incorrect. Repeat both tests. SNAP Neg Lab Neg Consider free of infection and continue wellness program 1 The kitten’s history should include the FIV status of the queen. An infected queen, or one that has been vaccinated for FIV with a whole-virus vaccine, will pass antibodies to her kittens. 2 Cats receiving negative results should be retested a minimum of 60 days after their last potential exposure to allow FIV antibody to reach detectable levels. 1 Cats receiving negative results should be retested a minimum of 60 days after their last potential exposure to allow FIV antibody to reach detectable levels. 2 Cats receiving negative results should be retested a minimum of 28 days after their last potential exposure to allow FeLV antigen to reach detectable levels. Helpful Guidelines Management Plan Diagnosing and managing patients with FIV/FeLV Effective care and management can help infected cats live long, healthy lives Suggested Management Plan for Cats Confirmed to be Infected with FIV and/or FeLV Treatment of Symptoms Longer and/or more aggressive treatments may be necessary with infected cats. Establish Management Plan with Client Semiannual wellness visits to include: • Thorough physical exam • Faecal examinations • CBC • Blood chemistry panel (annually) • Urinalysis and culture by cystocentesis (annually) Nutritional Counseling Properly balanced nutritional diet can be essential in maintaining the health of immunosuppressed cats. Avoid raw eggs and meat. Client Awareness of Secondary Infections • Infected cats need to visit the veterinarian immediately if there are any signs of illness. • Keep infected cats indoors and isolated from other cats in the household. –An infected cat’s ability to defend itself from secondary infections is significantly reduced. Spaying/Neutering of Adults Reduces tendency to fight and/or mate, thereby decreasing the ability of the virus to spread; decreases stress of estrus. Maintenance of Vaccine Programs In general, vaccine programs for asymptomatic, infected cats should be similar to uninfected cats. IDEXX Laboratories Limited Milton Court, Churchfield Road, Chalfont St. Peter, Buckinghamshire SL9 9EW, UK www.idexx.co.uk © 2005 IDEXX Laboratories, Inc. All rights reserved. • 3446-00 UK