l`utilisation des objectifs methodologiques propres a l

!
"
#
$
!
" #$% &'
() * * #
+ ,'-
#. *+&%
/*
.*&%
"001 "002
%
!
"
&
& &' (%
#
""
$
#
%
'
& %
%
)
& &'
(
* +
# ,
&
&
) %
& !
(
!
"
& !
&
(
!
(
#
.
/
.
"
1
-
0
2
#
# $
3
#$
1
4
5
#
!
7
#
%
(
-
(
1
'
# +
+
#
6
7
#
)
""
+
<
#
"
0
6
+
/ " !
"
0
6
(
($
# ( /+
%
%
( +
5(
( !
+
#
!
0
/+
#
+
"
8
""
8(
( +
9 5(
(
'
1
/+
#
(8
% 9
%
+
#
(
%
'
,(
( 16
1#
'
6
# !
1
$
,
@
+
#
#
6
$
#
#/
6%
(
%
6 +
(
%
(
)
,(
%
!
!
# $
+
#
/
'
'
,
83
# ,
(
# 6
(
9
+
,(
#
>
3
=
'
#
#
8:
;
(
&
9
"
?
/
!
/
#$
%
+
#
%
/
$
"
#$
6!
%
"
#/
/+
#
,
%
1
# + $
+
'
8(
96
)
9 &
#
( ##
#
!
)
6%
1
+
/
/6
(
%
#
# )
5
"
(
%
+
5
+
/+
/+
)
(>
""
%
#
( +
"
% (
#
7
"" ,(
%
#
% (
6
!
+
-
+
6
#
( !,
"
"
$
0
($
%
#
#
#
# "
+
"
+
6
%
)
8
6
8C9 8
""
#
(
"
'"
<
"
' (
%
+
/
#
(
$
8
#
#
!:
(
"
!
"
%
(
6 (
6
%
#
"
!,
+
#
(
)
+
(
#
6
#
0
+
#
6
6
%
"
0
"
$ :
)
(
6
(
"
,'
(
0
6
%
# +
(
(
6 ,(
>
2
%
(
#
9
!
# $
>
"
$/
(
G
%
# $
#
F
+
(
1
H
6 ( ## #
I
* +
0
'
#
#
%
!
,
# #
6
(
#
' (
+
E
=""
%
#
"
+
#
( !
#$
##
<
6B
9 ##
% 6# !
##
( /+ '
#
#
+
#
'
'#
D6
$
"
$ !
" 1
$
(
#
# 6
#
#$ 6 ,
(
# $
* +
A
+
9
6 #
%
"
#
#
% (
"
0
6 +
"
##
,
'
"
#
0
(
+
(
' (
#
+
%
? $
<
( 5
'
+
%
%
+
1
# 6
!:
/+
$/
6
(
(
%
% (
"
,
#
#
/
'
"
/+
(
%
%
,(
>
* +
8
$
%
#
"
(
(
(
#
+
( /+
#
7
#
(
'
(
" 0
!
( ##
( %
2 &(
!
'
"
0
:
$
#
( ( ##
$
#
$/
1
%
?
" 1
J
#
$
(
##
6 #
(
& !
$ 1#
6
#
#
0
%
#
$/
""
%
1
'
( !,
%
"
?'
#
/ (
"
0
( /+ 2
!
/
"
)
#
(
+ #
9 = #
6#
( /+ '
(
#
>
2
#
( !
#
* +
$
%
# ,
#
8
!
+
( /+ ; #
) % 9;
# $
"
( !
"
)
"
#
$
!
"
4
" % '&)*& &
%)'+&
%A &
&H@
& #
&' *,(-& &)*&' (& ., , ,/ 01&'
J
/
K@ @ & & LK @
""
%
,(
#
!
(
6
""
#
/
#
'
1
$
%
+
6
>
# !
%
%
>
)
+
/+ %
#
/+
1 2(
% (
%
+
#$
%
/+
%
1
/+
%
/
#
!
(
#
"
6,
#
#
#
6
@6
(
!
""
J
1
#
+
!
6
%
#
(
6,
%
?
6 "
0
#
" 1
8
6
>
0
$
#
%
5(
"
( /+ % (
$
$
#
* +
#
(>
#
(
#
%
#
#
#
(
"
$
!
& #
( %
@ (
0
#
0
(
= ,(
)
"
+
%
# $
%
#
"
#
(
/+
'
%
+
#
+
%
$
#
#
#
+
)
#
& & LK @
6
6
$
6
%
C9 =
"
#
5(
#
#
7
#
8
#
(
(
?M
.
M &+
2(6
?
#
(
0 6 % (
+
%
?M$
N
1
+
+
"
% (
#
=
+
6
/
#
""
# 9
#
!
0
##
#
# !
(
#
#
(
#
$ !
+
#
#
>
+
;
(
#
"
5 #
'
'
(
/
"
8
#
#
#
( I
#
2(6 ? $
2(6
9 5 #
#$
#$
#
$
(
6
%
"
#$
!
#
'
#
#/
6
/+
(
%
#
6
6 (
#
$
%
"
%
# +
( ## #
5
"
%
#
+
+
$
""
#
+
""
""
%
$ %
$
2(6 ?
(
(
#
+
#
8?#
(
+
(
%
1 6#
#
5
&(
# %
"
% (
(
"
6 +
% (
+
!
#
%
#
$
7#
)
%
"
,
#
,
(
+
%
/
+
'
6
(
#
#
2(6
+
%
6#
"
2 M$
6,
8
,' +
# 6'#
1
#
,
#
/+
'
( +
9
(
#
#
6, #
(
,
96 ,
"
$ %
##
#
"
#
""
"
(
0
( /+ 6 %
#
/
G
5(
+ 1#
#
#
+
% (
+
"
( ## )
+
#
$
#
,
#$
#
1
$
!
6
6
%
8?J
+
/
H
,(
%
<
#
(
#
/+
%
,( +
#
"
#
@
6
6
#
"
>
# 9
1
$
+
9
#
%
A
$
(
""
""
%
8
#
+
6
/+
%
( 8
N
=
#
"
"
>
1
!
!
?
8 ""
8
+
+
""
5
'
%
1 (
(
#$
1
%
0
"
2
""
#
2 5
+
+
($
1
1 6
/+
/+
)P
0
(
6
+
+
#
(
%
2 J
+
#
#
(
? $
+
#
""
%
!
$
18
,
'
2( 5
#
O
!
,
6%
#
1
%
%
)
+
/+
#
>
(6 ?
9 &
#
,
1
'"
1 2(96
(
'
" 1
%
#
#
1
1
'
96
, #
/ 6
3
<
J
6 C96 ,
1
#
'
#
?
(6
/+
#
%
% (
1 #
6
%
%
,
# #
% (
/+
( +
#
#
"
""
( 1
2 & S @ H =L
>
6
LS @ (
%
%
(
,
?
(
%
!
%
"
% (
!
+
!/
%
+
1
+
!
#
%
,( +
N ( 5
+
#
""
(
<
1
'
"
"
#
(
1%
$
#
% (
+
+ )
+
5
"
+
#
#
+
0
"
+
# #
@
6 ,(
/+
$
H=L=
"
!
$/
#
%
$
$
$
% (
@
8-
(
1 6
$
QQ46
# !
#
6#
&
($
(
(
"
1#
%
/+
# !/
"
"
+ (96
1# %
#
% (
+
?
R
#
#
%
+
#
!
(
%
<
(
+
#
'
#
##
( $/
#
8#
9 =
/+
+
(
( 1 (
#
'
'
#
#
(
#
' %
#
#
(
/+
"
#
% (
# &(
#
+
6
#
?J
%
+
#
$
$
Q
#
+
(
2(
% (
"
+
$/
# !
#
(
$/
@
$
,
<
#
"
'
#
#
#
%
0
#
(
+
#
+
##
#
+
+
1
#
0
#
% (
#
#
,(
(
#
#
## #
( 1#
#
8 +
' ( 1
#
# 6 +
#
(
%
9
1
" 0
1%
#
"
+
(
0
6
<
# %
$/
$/
#
#
"
$/
O
,'
,
%
/+
"
(
#
6
#
6
#
=
$
#
( 1
#
#
%
% (
'
#
#
$
+
(
(
#
(
+
$
"
+
"
+
# #
#
( !,
+
+
#
/+
$
1#
+
#
()
/+
%
0
"
#
5
#
>
"
"
7+
$/
" 0
#
"
#
+
#
6
'
>
7
>
,' "
5(
#
#
( %
"
?S
"
"
/
' (
+
+
$/
+
1/
N 2(9
(
%
+ 6#
( #/
8? $
#
#
"" 6
$/
%
I,
2(6 (
%
%
(
0
+ $
#
#
" 1
%
1#
6
$
"
&
J
#
% (
" 1
$
!
%
#
(
,
(
$
6
#
%
(
#
<
!,
1
/+
%
%
5
#
!
#
##
#
#
(
>
#/
& #
#
1
1
>
%
!
#
#
( ## #
#
'"
%
6
)
,
#
" 0
#
+
( /+
+
6
(
# $
#
(
+
" 1
# ,
) %
1/
$ #
1
(
#
%
!
""
* +
# ,
#
#
# +
+
"
%
>
# 1
(
+
/
(
T ##
" #
"
#
( 1
7 #
# !
,'
'#
"
6
#
, + 1
""
#
' $ %
@
%
#
=
"%
(
%
(
# +
#
#
#
/+
!
!
#
$
%
""
#
"
( /+ ' ( ## #
# $
2
0
" %)% 3'& & ( '&' &) 415 & & - ,6& ' & &* 1 &
%" &@ H U@ =
&(
@LH
"
%
0
>
$
'
(
U@
(
/+
( !
#
"
%
@
%
$
"
$
"
#
+
$ :
' %
?
( &
#
+
$
%
#
#
&
$
$
+
1
$
#
+
#
$
1
# 6
#
(
#
%
#
( 1# %
#
$
$
1#
U
#
%
+
+
=
!
+
6
+
##
""
+ %
""
% (
(
#
+
2
/
( 1#
C&( /+
"
6
#
%
/
6
( 1#
/
VE
/+
+
(>
+
$ :
%
#
$
6
>
"
%
"
$
/+
1
/+ 6
6
"
,
%
% (6 ?
%
(
( /+
1
6
0
#
+
$ 2
?
$
6
%
"
$/
$
%
,
""
(
$ %
#
$
( !,
$
"" 6 +
$
=
( ## #
#
6
" 0
(
$ ' ""
(
$
=
1#
6 (
#
(
, 6
)
( !,
7
( "
1
"
+
+
%
#
6
8%
(
(
"
#
0
# "
1
+
%
%
/+
/
1
#
6 "
( +
%
%
! R
$
( "
"
#
#
#
$
$
(
# #
,
6
% (
( +
+
( +
#
+
+
##
#
!
""
(
# ! %
#
#
1
%
'
8# )
""
6
+
#
6
S
,
#
!
#
#
6
"
+
7
"" 6
#
#
$
) /
/+
"8
+
%
"6
#
"
/
(
$
#
""
# 9
#
+
%
#
#
$
"
#
1
#
1 ) /
#
(
#
+
/+
""
#
#
""
?
!
6
)
( +
#
'
##
'
+
$
#
+
#
1
6 C9
#
#
9
#
##
#
2( 8,(
# ! %
(
#
#
$
%
?
(6 ,(
$
$
# +
( 5 #
#
6 ,(
$
6
>
K
?M$
)
K
# )6
>
7 #
$
(
$
$
( "
,(
$
#
?
?
" 0
#
(
)
%
%
9 5
#
(
#
$
'
# +
7
6
A
#
-
%
7
,
( !
#
#
>
2
(
$
# !
""
+
$ 6
""
+
<
2
"
1
#
%
/
6
I6
"
+
#
+
#
6
+
(
$
$
&
/+
W
+
##
=
6
( %
#
+
>
##
"
)
L
#
#
"%
#
$
$
!
%
"
>
+
+
+
!
!!
'
%
8 >
$/% 6
/+ 6
#
6 "
$
%
%
' "
;
$ 6
%
,'
$
6
#
,(
%
$
$
6
6
+
6 C9
$ 7
$
(
0
#
$
"
"
)
1
( ""
%
6
'
# #
+
" 0
"
$
%
/ '
' (
#
$/%
% (
1
8
+
!!
#
#
'
$
6
9
!,
"
( +
/
$
( !,
""/ 9
"
1
"
1
$
#
!
6
+
"
#
%
( /+ #
6
8 >
"
!
=
$
$
1
(
$
#
#
#
' ( /+
""
6
# $
+ #
" & &@ H U@ L &XH S @
5(
""
+
#
!
+
% (
'
/
#
#
#
%
1
"
?
%
?P
'
+
>
?
0
#
"
#
(6 %
+
$
(6 ?
6
)
@
"" 6 ' ( +
+ $
?P
$
C( = ,( !
6
$
%
% ( #
" (
+
,
"
,' + 6
"
#
6
+
$ (6
+
+
'
'
6!
>
W
"
(
'
%
? R
(6 ?L
1
(6
( # )(
+
(
?"
1
9 "
,
(
!
6 ,(
#
(6 %
"
#
J
0
#
""
R $
"
(
?
/ 6
(
+/
?=N6 $
(
1 -96
+
+ !
?P
,
?
#
,
#
#
#
,(
#
6
/
#
+
#
% (
"
(8
+
#
+ )
'
#/
"
(6
#
""
( 1
(
"
!
?P
?
# 6
8
#
$
#
#
#
+
"
&
6
/+
/+
#
?
##
(
(
"
% (
6
(
6
0
6,
#
>
%
* +
#
#
(
8
4
+ 6
* + 6C9 +
#
1
#6#
/+
"
'+ 1$
(
'
+
% (
8S
S
29 &(
#
!
(
1
'
(
)
#
/
)
'
%
$/
+
$
/+
1
1
# 6#
1
##
6
(
$ !
6
$
1
1 =
I
#
!,
) %
* +
#
6 (
'
1
(
#
1
1
"
:
'
+
%
29
1 6
J
+
#
"
#
#
+
" 0
16
(
""
#
6
# $
16
#
+
#
!
)
6#
(
'
<
+
0
= ,(
#
!
# $
$
(
!
(
"
8
#$
( 1
( ##
""
#
'
6
!
(
%
! %
6
"/
"
8
%
1#
& #
"
(
#
/+
##
1
)
0
#
#
##
"
2
"
1 49 L
+
6
M
(
?J
5( +
$ ! )(
$
6
#
+
1
J
%
(
)
#
)
$
0
( +
( 1
?
#
@
%
(J
(8
1
96
#
($
1
$ !
0
;
$
.
" $
1 ( &( !,
% (
"
+
"
% (
(
1
+
#
6 "
(
#
%
1 #
=
( 1#
$ )
,
!
# !/
%
+
(
#
+
?
$ %
R$
"
,
"
(
"
"
0
%
6
% (
(
#
+
%
5(
!
(6 ? $
#
+
%
%
+
=
$
/+
%
"
#
?
<
#
""
!
#
+
(
!
" 1
#
$ %
/
$
)
6
(
,
$
#
%
%
% ( #
0
6 ( ##
1
#
#
(
+
"
+
#
%
(
# !
#$/
(6 ?R "
%
%
5
6
1
+
/
#
#
' (
#
## #
6
""
'
( 1#
"
(
1
(
6
( +
$
%
#
1#
0
#
!
#$
( 1
1# %
# #
( +
!
#
!
"
6 ,( +
$ ## (96
6,
%
,'
+
,
1#
)
'
#
+/
$
( 5
+
) %
""
' ?
!
7
#
'
!
6
' "
+
)
+
1
#
>
/+
6 $ )
(
1
#$/
8
%
=
$
6
6
$
?
(
%
"
%
+
% ( 1
""
!
+
?
+
(
>
(
#
G
# $
#
%
(
# $
%
""
/
""
,1
0
%" &
/
""
%
+
<
/+
# !/
2
&
, % &
&*
&) %)/ % ' *,((&
& *,(-& &)*&'
(
#
/+
(
#
"
( 1#
@
!
#
!
#
+
#
#
/+
%
#
(
8
9 % (
%
#
J
6%
%
6
#
( 1#
9
8
@
6
2
"
@
#
#
$
(
""
+
(
,
+
/
# $
'
#
!
6
!
/+
+
%
( 1#
( !
+
#
' (
# $
"
+ %
(
#
1
6
5(
#
#
% (
""
!
0
I (
" 0
+
#
#
%
##
UU @U@ @ & & LK @
& #
( "
>
#
(
%)'+&
!
#
# #
#
%/& &)
, ' %* & %1
+
%
(
(
#
#
##
+
#
# $
(
#
( 1#
"
" &
(
"" 6
##
+
"
$
$
#
1
3
#
# $
1#
+
J
#
# #
%
%
#
1#
%
0
# N
!
/
$
'
"
# #
,(
5(
( 1# % /
% (
%
6
(
$
1
%
( ?
#$
(
#
()
?U
%
#
R
'
>
, #
$
%
5(
,
1# %
#
$ !
!
% (
+
#
(
(
(
(
'
6
+
! %
#
#
#
#$
1
(
#
%
" 0
%
#
?'
1
#
+
%
% (
' #
(
1
'
%
W
"
""
,( +
(
I
Y &
#
<
, +
,
6
#
#
!
"
(6
(
( +
%
( !
#
?
? "
#
+
#
+
#
+ /
(
0
'
(
#
%
?# # (6
"
+
% (
?U
#
#$
O
/
1 .9 ,(
#
"
"" 6
#
%
= ,
@
% (
##
"
) %
'
$
I (
!
2 &
6
%
( +
( +
$#$ #8
%
(
0
1
(
# $
#
"
+
#
!
' (
# $
"
6
"
"
+
)$
,( +
%
#
,
O
/
!
( ##
(
#
/+
%
, #
#
""
(
!
"
0
#
Q
>
+
!
#
(
1
(
(
%
%
%
@9
#
##
,
/
'
#/
+
$
( +
%
)
6 ( 1#
#
% ( 1
/
"
0
8#
!
#
' (
#
6
#
#
% (
#
"
(
+
%
% (
#
$
"
'
(
'
#
""
'
,(
'
'
( !
%
1
#
"%
U LZ
#
#
"
% (
+
#
6!
" 0
$
%
"
6
J@ H &
$ #
0
"
,' #
#
#
#
+
#
!
&
+
#
#
@ %
K U LH U
2
6 ,( +
#
!
# (
1
' (
/+
"
($ !
# 9 ( +/
= JU@P@L =L ( L H@VH@ @L LK&
(
(
1
U@ = U
1# %
!
#
$
#
!
+
#
+ #
" &@
!
+
( ## #
#
(
7" ! 6 +
%
1
$ !
@6
+
#
#
%
%
" 0
+
)
( /+ '
"
/+ 6
% (
7#
#$
%
+
#
)$
(
8
,
6, #
($ !
(
6
,
( +
# $
# $
$
5
%
'
+
,
"
)
(
!
%
#
W
'
#
( +
%
#
"
"
#
#
0
#
6
# !/
!
'
#
6%
#
% (
"
5(
%
(
+
/+
+
#
"
,' +
6
)
#
+
#
0
#
+
( /+
#
!,
&
!
%
)$
(
#
#$/
$
,
"
0
6
%
" 0
+
6#
%
!
'
(
,(
( 1 J
+
# $
+
#
!
'
# ) 9
1#
#
1
5
$
#
8
(
(
16
+
% (
%
?
+ (6C9 5(
0
#
'
#
#
$ (6 ?
%
%
##
)
#$ ' (
6 +
"
96
#
#
%
1# %
( 1# % /
#
1
(
#
/
+ 6
(
<
$
8?
6
#
6,
% ( "
(
#
#
9
(
2( 8
#
' (
(
(
)
1
" (
#
%
/+
1 6
#
+
"
6
)
#
0
#
"
"
%
%
? $!
1# % 6
( #/
6
#
%
+
8
#
(
>
#
# $
$
0
0
+
8
# 9
#
5(
>
1
%
"
# $
#
%
# +
1#
#
#
# $
"
) 6
0
#
%
% (
( 1
,
?M
X
#
(%
!
#
'
#
0
(
#
'
)
"
0
6
""
"
J
%
1#
# #
#
#
" 0
"
0
%
+
?
$
# $
/+
"
(
(
"
$
%
$
#
#
<
(
$/
0
)
?
#
6
#
# 1
%
" 0
(
(
)
##
6
"
0
'
""
"
?
$
6
(
%
6
# !/
(
4
%
I
>
'
+
"
"
=
( +
#
1
#
/
#
#
"
1
#
"
5(
+
6
# 6
6
" #
(
>
"
!
,( 1# %
(
( "
#
""
6
1
"C 2(
/
1
"
"
#
)
N
6
+
%
+
"
( ## #
( %
(
'
J
#
(
%
#
# $
# $
6
@1# %
"
>
%
( #
%
L
? $ # )(
8
#
"
+
96
(
1
6 C96
"
8'
(:
#/
'
1 G96 (
?M
%
#
:
#
##
#
)
N 2( 8
#/
# '
#
#
)
#/ 6
" ?%
+
1
"
(
( ,
#
"
" U
##
?
(
#
/+
# $
( (
@
"" 6 (
(
#
(
#
+
6
(
1
>
#
'
@
+
'
5(
#
,'
)
%
% (
1#
$
+
1
8
96 +
#
'
?
/
# $
#
R $ )
#
#
"
( +
?
R R
#
(6 # /
+
?
( &
#
6
6'
%
?
2(6
" 1
( !
%
""
#
% (
#$
J
#
1
'
#
" 8!
)
#
#
--
"9
$
R$ $
2(6
""
/+
#
/+
"
#
1
-
/
$
%
6
# #
%
##
<
' (
"
' ( ##
0
(
# $
#
$
1
%
#
+
1
""
# 96
8 #
6
+
#
!
(
6
"
%
#
(
%
# #
!
#
%
( 1
!
&(
+
I
/+ 6
0
#
6
+
'
"
$
# $
"
" 1
%
!,
+
"
>
"
#
'
%
,(
$
(
#
"
""
%
/+
##
" !
"
!
#
(
#
"
(
0
1
+
#
(
"" 6 #
' ( ##
>
) % 6
@
<
@
""
#
>
#
>
(
$
#
(
"
'
1# %
( %
'
' (
#
%
"
!
( !
>
##
+
#
$
+ % (
#
"
!,
(
# $
#
0
( /+
"
6
#
6
#
+
#
6
%
+
"
""
$
'
#
%
96 #
"
#
5
""
!,
6
I
( /+ L
8#
(
6 "
6
! #
+
%
+
6 %
,
% (
""
0
#
6
(
%
#
(
#
#
(
#
>
%
#
6 , #
"
#
+
0
%
6
"
#
+
"
% (
+
(
#
!
' %
#
#
#
( %
@
+
/ 6
"
"" 6 ,
%
#
0
$
%
# $
(
(
#
#
/
#
#
) %
"
"
0
%
#
0
,
% (
"
#
"
# $
# $
#
% (
+
"
) 6
#
6
( ##
H
"
6'#
#
##
%
#
%
"
+
( ##
$
(
4
,/ %-. &
L H@U@
@ &
U@ P@U P@
#
5@ L@
@6
@ &(@
$%
&
$
% (
+ " A# !A
A! A
" # AA "
L H@U@
@ &
U@ P@U P@ #
" 0
$ # AARRR
5@ L@
=LL P=L6 K
6
J
6 QQ.
UH L 6
Q#
8 $
= U@[6 K
+ " A!
A$ GA
H =L L H =L &@ @H
'((' ! ) * + ?
6
@ &
# "
@6
$,-
@ &(@
H =L L H =L &@ @H
%
'(('+ ?J
(
$
% (
1 A!
GA @L@
--- $
.
@ &
*
* +
9
6 @LK&@ @UH &@ = H@6 E
0
1* *
1
% 6
+
HPX6 J$ ##
1
/
N6 QQG
.Q #
J)
J@L 8H
6 QQG
&&@U6
$ # AA" 0
L
@U6 5 %
$ # AA#
R
9
. #
0
3
"
* 2**
"A +
3
"
*
* \
A 1
#
Y
] ]#
**
*
%
\
+H
U J
$
Y
" A, %
.