obligation, absence d`obligation, permission, interdiction

OBLIGATION, ABSENCE D’OBLIGATION, PERMISSION,
INTERDICTION...
LES MODAUX :
1) A la forme affirmative, le modal est suivi directement de la BV.
2) Il n’est jamais suivi ou précédé de « TO ».
3) A la forme interrogative, tout modal étant lui-même auxiliaire, il suffit d’inverser le modal et le
sujet.
4) A la forme négative, on ajoute la négation au modal. (ATTENTION : cannot = can’t)
5) Un modal n’est jamais suivi d’un autre modal. On utilise son équivalent pour exprimer ces notions au
futur et au passé. (I will have to buy a highlighter. / He had to go./ He wasn’t allowed to drink coke.)
6) Un modal ne prend pas de « s » à la troisième personne du singulier du présent simple.
7) Un modal n’a pas de forme participe passé.
8) Au présent : modaux = celui qui parle qui exprime la notion. Equivalent = notion exprimée par
quelque chose ou quelqu’un d’extérieur.
Obligation:



I must learn my
lesson.
I have to do this
exercise.
I have got to
hurry up.
Absence d’obligation:



She doesn't have to
buy a new computer.
He doesn't need to
bring his French
book.
He needn't finish all
the exercises.
Permission:


Interdiction:
She can wear a long
skirt.
She is allowed to
have a lunch box.




Modaux.
Equivalents.


Demander l’autorisation:



Can I go to the nurse,
please?
May I put a paper in the
bin, please?
Do you mind if I open
the door?
Autoriser:




Yes, please do.
Sure.
No problem.
Go ahead !
You mustn’t chat.
You aren’t allowed
to write on the
tables.
It is prohibited to
walk on the grass.
You aren’t
permitted to chew
gum.
It is forbidden to
run in the hallway.
No running!
Refuser l’autorisation:



No, please don’t.
I’m sorry, but that’s not
possible.
I'm afraid, but you
can't.
A. READING COMPREHENSION: School signs and rules.
Entoure les phrases correctes. / Circle the correct answers.
A. 1. These signs are at the entrance of a playground.
2. Children aged fourteen are allowed to play there.
3. This playground is dangerous in winter when it’s very cold.
4. Cycling is not allowed.
5. You can walk your dog on lead in the playground.
6. It is strictly forbidden to enter with a dog.
B. 1. Parents are allowed to go to their children’s lockers.
2. Visitors can’t enter the school without a pass.
3. Parents have to go to the office when they arrive at the school.
4. The principal doesn’t need to know who enters the school.
C. 1. Only school buses can park here.
2. No stopping to drop off and pick up children.
3. Buses and cars are allowed to stop on Saturday mornings.
4. They can stop on Wednesdays at 10am.
5. Vehicles mustn’t stop here because this sign is at the school gate and
it’s dangerous for the pupils to park or stop here.
D. 1. You are driving past a school.
2. As it’s Saturday today, you are allowed to drive at 40Mph.
3. Be careful, some children are walking to school, and you have to drive at 25Mph.
4. You only have to respect this speed limit on school days.
E. 1. You can’t fight with kids in the playground.
2. You have to wear shoes at any time.
3. Teenagers can play in the park by themselves.
4. It is forbidden to play with the swings and seesaw when it’s wet.
5. You must behave properly in the playground.
6. This sign can only be seen in a school.
F. 1. You have to respect the playground equipment.
2. You must follow the rules.
3. You are allowed to leave your papers on benches.
Someone is paid to clean up the place.
4. You only have to be polite with adults.
5. It is forbidden to keep playing after the bell.
You must run to your classroom.
6. During recess, you are allowed to play any games.
7. You have to be helpful and friendly to other kids.
8. Don’t play dangerous games.
B. WRITING : Reformule ces panneaux avec des phrases complètes:
1
3
2
7
8
13
4
10
9
14
C. SPEAKING : Rappelle le règlement à
ces élèves en utilisant l’obligation,
l’absence d’obligation, la permission,
l’interdiction, l’impératif.
6
5
11
12
15