Diapositive 1 - Coalition pour la diversité culturelle

The UNESCO Convention and Canadian Civil Society :
Ways to achieve cultural diversity
« Cultural diversity is as necessary for humankind as
biodiversity is for nature»
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Context
33 million Canadians (2006)
• 6.8 million French speaking, 85 % of which in the Quebec province
• 1.2 million natives speaking 52 distinct languages
• 6 million immigrants from 200 countries, speaking 150 languages
Contribution of cultural industries to GDP
• $46 billion in real-added GDP in 2007 (3.8 %)
• Australia (3.1 %), France (2.8 %), US (3.3 %), UK (5.8 %) (OECD, 2003)
• But, $84.6 billion including indirect and induced contributions (7.4 %)
Employment
• 616,000 in cultural industries (Statistics Canada, 2003)
• 1.1 million jobs including indirect and induced contributions (Conference Board, 2007)
• Almost 9% of the 12.5 million households depend on cultural economy
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Context
Consumer spending
• $25.1 billion on culture goods and services in 2005
• 5% higher than combined $24 billion spending on furniture, appliances and tools
• Three times larger than the $7.9 billion spent by all levels of government in 2007
• In 2005, spending on live performing arts was double spent on live sports events
Other challenges
• Nearly 90% of Canadians live within 200 km of the Canada US border
• Roughly a third in rural communities
• United States and Canada have the world's largest trading relationship; 85 % of
Canada’s cultural goods imports; China is second
• Access to US radio and TV stations early on
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Canadian sound recording artists thrive
Céline Dion
Alanis Morissette
Shania Twain
Bryan Adams
Rush
BTO
Simple Plan
K.D. Lang
Michael Bublé
Avril Lavigne
Nelly Furtado
Diana Krall
•
•
From their home base, artists of international reputation
With them, recording studios, agents, producers, distributors, etc.
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PREAMBLE
An elaborate system of measures to support diversity
Adapted to realities of English and French markets
Taking into account first nations, cultural diversity and people with special needs
• Direct subsidies
• The critical role of broadcasters
• Ownership and foreign investments
• Copyright protection
• Provincial and municipal support
• International Promotion
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Direct
subsidies : Canada Music Fund
RENCY
Primary tool implementing Canadian Sound Recording Policy, From Creators to Audience:
• to enhance Canadians access to a diverse range of Canadian music choices through existing and
emerging media;
• to increase the opportunities available for Canadian music artists and entrepreneurs to make a
significant and lasting contribution to Canadian cultural expression; and,
• to ensure that Canadian music artists and entrepreneurs have the skills, know-how and tools to
succeed in a global and digital environment.
Seven complementary components:
1. Creators' Assistance Component
2. Canadian Musical Diversity Component
3. New Musical Works Component
4. Collective Initiatives Component
5. Music Entrepreneur Component
6. Support to Sector Associations Component
7. Canadian Music Memories Component
PREAMBLE
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Direct
subsidies
: FACTOR and Musicaction
ARTICLE
9 - INFORMATION
SHARING
AND TRANSPARENCY
FACTOR and MUSICACTION are non-profit organizations providing assistance toward the
growth and development of the Canadian independent recording industry.
Foundation to Assist Canadian Talent on Recordings (FACTOR) established in 1982
provides over $17 million annually, $9 million of which from Canadian broadcasters and
$8.5 million from the Department of Canadian Heritage.
MUSICACTION is a counterpart organization which assists musical artists recording in the
French language. It provides over $7 million annually, $5 million of which comes from the
Department of Canadian Heritage, and $2 million from Canadian broadcasters.
PREAMBLE
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The
critical9role
of broadcasters
ARTICLE
- INFORMATION
SHARING AND TR
Expenditure requirements
•
•
Commercial radio stations are required to make annual “Canadian content development”
contributions of up to 0.5% of their revenue, at least 60% of which to FACTOR or MUSICACTION.
Satellite radio services must contribute at least 5% of their gross revenue to third parties
associated with Canadian content development, including FACTOR and MUSICACTION.
Scheduling requirements
•
Licensed commercial radio stations serve every significant city in Canada. At least 35% of their
musical selections each week must be Canadian. To be Canadian, the selection must meet at
least 2 of 4 attributes – music, lyrics, artist or production by a Canadian.
In the Quebec province where French is mother tongue of 80% of the 7 Million population, private
musical radio stations must air 65 % French-language selections a week, 55% from 6 am to 6 pm.
Public broadcaster CBC/Radio-Canada that 50 % of the popular music aired on its English and
French language services be Canadian
Private conventional (over-the-air) broadcasters are required to air a minimum of 60% Canadian
programming overall (50% in evening hours), and to air 8 hours a week in prime time of so-called
“priority” Canadian programming, including Music / Variety
PREAMBLE
•
•
•
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Ownership
ARTICLE 9rules
- INFORMATION
SHARING AND TRANSPARENCY
National ownership rules
• Under the Broadcasting Act, only Canadian-owned and controlled companies may be
licensed to operated broadcasting services in Canada
• A wide number of foreign broadcast services are permitted to be distributed in Canada if
they do not compete directly in format with Canadian services.
• Through the Investment Canada Act, the Government of Canada has also limited new
foreign investment in certain culturally significant sectors, including in sound recording
companies
• However, foreign-owned companies that were active prior to 1988 in these sectors have
been grandfathered.
PREAMBLE
Tangible benefits related to the transfer of ownership
When radio stations are sold in Canada, 6% of the transaction price must be expended on
Canadian content development, at least a third to FACTOR or MUSICACTION.
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The Convention
What it is
What it is not
•
•
A convention on ethnic and linguistic diversity
•
A new international obligation that subordinates preexisting ones
•
A barrier to the circulation of foreign cultural goods
and services :
A normative frame of reference that sets
standards in response to shared challenges
•
A legally binding international instrument
•
First of its kind in international law, out of
concern to humanize globalization
•
Innovative platform for international cultural
•
each individual to access diversity from
within or outside his or her country
•
“protection” refers to preservation,
safeguarding and enhancement
cooperation
•
Policies to protect and promote the diversity of
cultural expressions
•
Recognition of the dual nature – economic and
cultural – of cultural goods and services
•
Counterweight to trade agreements
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PREAMBLE
Shared challenges
• Social inclusion, through inter-cultural dialogue, in large urban areas for instance
• Sustainable development, taking into account culture and creative industries
• Shared cultural experience as a contributing factor to a sense of national identity
• The right of each culture to express itself and develop freely
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UNESCO Convention for the Diversity of Cultural Expressions : Canada’s leadership
• An expert on the international drafting committee of the Convention, Professor Ivan Bernier
• Ratification campaign: the Federation’s first executive director made 120 visits to at least 45 countries
• Host of the first meeting of Culture Ministers (1998) and of the Intergovernmental Committee (2007)
• Founding member and secretariat of the International Federation of Coalitions for Cultural Diversity
• Founding member and secretariat of the International Network of Lawyers for the Diversity of Cultural
Expressions (RIJDEC)
• Founding member and secretariat of the International Network for Cultural Diversity (INCD)
• Founding member and secretariat of the International Network on Cultural Policy (INCP)
• Member of the Intergovernmental Committee until 2013, end of 2nd phase of implementation
• Very active in Francophonie (52 of the 115 states that have ratified)
• Main contributor to the International Fund for Cultural Diversity – $600,000 of $2.8 M USD budget in 2010
UNESCO portal, text of the Convention
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French language market
Alliance québécoise des techniciens de l’image et du son (AQTIS)
Association des producteurs de films et de télévision du Québec (APFTQ)
Association des réalisateurs de Radio‐Canada (AR SRC)
Association des réalisateurs et réalisatrices du Québec (ARRQ)
Association nationale des éditeurs de livres (ANEL)
Association québécoise de l’industrie du disque, du spectacle et de la vidéo (ADISQ)
Conseil québécois du théâtre (CQT)
Regroupement des Artistes en Arts visuels du Québec (RAAV)
Regroupement québécois de la danse (RQD)
Support of civil society
Réseau indépendant des diffuseurs d’événements artistiques unis (RIDEAU)
Société des Auteurs de Radio, Télévision et Cinéma (SARTEC)
Société des auteurs et compositeurs dramatiques (SACD)
Société professionnelle des auteurs et des compositeurs du Québec (SPACQ)
Union des artistes (UDA)
Union des écrivaines et des écrivains québécois (UNEQ)
Members
Field
3000 members
130 businesses
330 members
634 members
100 publishers
250 businesses
17 associations
1409 members
450 individuals and organizations
150 theatres
1250 sceenwriters
44000, including 1000 Canadians
500 members
11000 artists
1400 writers
Film and television
Film and television
Film and television
Film and television
Publishing
Music
Performing arts
Visual arts
Performing arts
21000 members
90000 members
135 publishers
5500 members
160 businesses
600 members
500 members
1350 members
2000 members
Multidisciplinary
Music
Publishing
Performing arts
Music
Publishing
Performing arts
Music
Film and television
250 businesses
3700 members
21 organizations 4000 members
300 members
379 members
100,000 members
Multidisciplinary
Film and television
Multidisciplinary
Visual arts
Music
Magazines
Music
Performing arts
Film and television
Multidisciplinary
Music
Multidisciplinary
Publishing
English language market
Alliance of Canadian Cinema, Television and Radio Artists (ACTRA)
American Federation of Musicians of the United States and Canada (A.F.M.)
Association of Canadian Publishers
Canadian Actors’ Equity Association (CAEA)
Canadian Independent Music Association (CIMA) League of Canadian Poets
Playwrights Guild of Canada (PGC)
Songwriters Association of Canada (SAC)
Writers Guild of Canada (WGC)
National
Conférence canadienne des arts / Canadian Conference of the Arts
Directors Guild of Canada / Guilde canadienne des réalisateurs (DGC)
Fédération culturelle canadienne‐française
Front des artistes canadiens / Canadian Artists’ Representation
Guild of Canadian Film Composers / Guilde des compositeurs canadiens de musique de film (GCCF)
Magazines Canada
Society of Composers, Authors and Music Publishers of Canada (SOCAN)
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The role of civil society
•
Convention = a formidable advocacy instrument
•
A tool box, that can be customized to meet national challenges
•
To engage a dialogue with governments at all levels, on action plans and deliverables
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Monitoring implementation
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Education and public awareness
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To access International Fund to fully participate to Convention implementation
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A civil society active in many ways:
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•
Observatory of cultural policies and practices (Ericarts, IFACCA, OCPA)
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Legal and academic researches (RIJDEC)
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Young professionals U40 (under 40) network
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International Federation of Coalitions for Cultural Diversity
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International Network for Cultural Diversity
Cooperation and solidarity
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The International Federation of Coalitions for Cultural Diversity brings together
forty-three national coalitions on five continents. It maintains formal relations with
UNESCO and serves on the NGO-UNESCO Liaison Committee.
This presentation is available to members of the IFCCD and organizations or individuals
interested in presenting the position of civil society on the implementation of the UNESCO
Convention on the Protection and Promotion of the Diversity of Cultural Expressions .
[email protected]
Secretariat 154 Laurier West, Room 240, Montreal, Quebec H2T 2N7
T (514) 277-2666 • F (514) 277-9994 • www.ifccd.com
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