Untitled
Transcription
Untitled
{OCDE REVUE DE PRESSE/OECD PRESS REVIEW} •••• October 13 Octobre 1992 •••• LE TEMPS - Région parisienne: Moins mauvais qu’hier: variable. Vent faible. Il fera 13 . •••• SG/PRB/D(92)171 AFP: LE MONDE EN BREF LE CAIRE - Le plus violent séisme qu’ait connu l’Egypte a frappé Le Caire et sa région lundi à 15H10 locales (13H10 GMT), faisant au minimum 351 morts et près de 4 000 blessés. D’une durée de 60 secondes, la secousse, d’une magnitude de 5,5 sur l’échelle de Richter a été enregistrée dans un rayon de 100 à 150 km autour de la capitale. TBILISSI - M. Edouard Chevardnadze a indiqué lundi à Tbilissi qu’il avait recueilli près de 95% des suffrages lors des élections de dimanche en Géorgie, tout en soulignant qu’il ne disposait pas encore des résultats définitifs. M. Chervadnadze était l’unique candidat au poste de président du parlement, équivalent à celui de chef de l’Etat. BUCAREST - Le président sortant roumain Ion Iliescu a été réélu pour un mandat de 4 ans, avec environ 60% des suffrages exprimés au 2ème tour de scrutin dimanche, contre 39,5%, à son rival Emil Constantinescu, candidat de la Convention Démocratique de Roumanie, selon des résultats quasidéfinitifs publiés lundi soir à Bucarest par le Bureau électoral central. STOCKHOLM - Le Prix Nobel de médecine 1992 a été attribué lundi à Stockholm à 2 biochimistes américains, Edmond H. Fischer et Edwin G. Krebs, pour leurs découvertes concernant "la phosphorylation réversible des protéines en tant que mécanisme de régulation biologique". Le Prix récompense les 2 chercheurs pour leurs travaux fondamentaux sur l’un des mécanismes-moteur de la vie, la mise en action, ou la mise en sommeil, des enzymes. *************** URUGUAY ROUND TRADE NEGOTIATIONS WALL STREET JOURNAL: US, EC fail to break deadlock BRUSSELS - "Top-level talks between the European Community and US ended without an agreement to unblock the Uruguay Round of world-trade negotiations, though both sides held open the possibility of future meetings after lower-level negotiations... The EC spokesman said discussions would now continue at a technical level. ’These results will be reported to the political authorities and depending on the results of the technical contacts, Mr. Madigan and Mr. MacSharry will meet again at a date that has yet to be fixed’, he added. Mrs. Hills and Mr. Andriessen are due in any case to see each other this weekend in Toronto at a regular meeting of the EC, US, Canada and Japan to discuss trade issues, most notably the Uruguay Round, held under the auspices of the GATT... The lack of agreement in Brussels came amid increasingly strident warnings from the French government that it would block any agreement that reduced subsidies to its farmers, who are already up in arms about an accord earlier this year to revamp the EC’s costly Common Agricultural Policy." EUROPEAN COMMUNITY FINANCIAL TIMES: Brussels drafts plan to end EC power struggle BRUSSELS - "The European Commission wants a settlement between Brussels and European Community member states to resolve the power struggle within the EC, clarify the principle of subsidiarity and end the crisis over the Maastricht treaty. A confidential draft of its proposed deal obtained by the FINANCIAL TIMES shows that Brussels is aiming for a solution analogous to the division of powers detailed in the 10th amendment to the US constitution, which reserves for individual states power not vested in the federal government... The draft proposes 3 main principles which will be put forward to the EC summit in Birmingham on Friday... Brussels wants to: - Move from intrusive and binding legislation towards framework laws which member states would agree but implement according to national circumstances. Devolve much responsibility for implementing EC law to member states. - Decentralise management of ’a number of the Commission’s more burdensome activities’ including agricultural market and regional spending." THE INDEPENDENT: EC ministers deny planning to thwart UK LONDON/BRUSSELS - "Britain’s hopes of a smooth-running European Community summit in Birmingham were further called into question last night as the foreign ministers of France, Germany and Spain held secret talks in Paris to discuss a joint summit strategy. The dinner meeting was disclosed as Spain emerged increasingly as a member state that would exact a high price for signing on to Britain’s much-vaunted notion of subsidiarity at the summit... The flurry of last-minute European diplomacy before Friday’s summit was also upset by report that the European Commission had drawn up a ’secret treaty’ to allow some EC members to leave and set up their own community. Rumours that France and Germany were considering leading a small group of the members towards a swift monetary union have been repeatedly denied in Paris and Bonn since last month’s crisis in the European exchange-rate mechanism." CHINA HERALD TRIBUNE: Quicker shift to market economy BEIJING - "In the first major meeting to be held since the collapse of communism in the Soviet Union, China’s communist Party promised Monday to speed up capitalist-style change as the only path for survival, but insisted there could be no alternative to party rule. ’Practice in China has proved that where market forces have been given full play, there the economy has been vigorous and has developed in a sound way’, said the Communist Party chairman, Jiang Zemin, speaking in Bejing’s Great Hall of the People for 2 hours. ’We must continue to intensify the market forces’.... Although he said China should allow market forces to regulate the allocation of resources, and use pricing and competition to weed out inefficient enterprises, Mr. Jiang also said China would keep the public sector, which includes ailing state-owned enterprises, dominant." OECD ECONOMIES Germany FINANCIAL TIMES: Siemens to shed 2,300 more jobs FRANKFURT - "... Siemens, the electrical and electronics engineering giant, said it had been forced to speed up rationalisation of its loss-making semiconductor business. The division, which has already shed almost 2,000 jobs this year, plans to reduce its international workforce by a further 2,300 to 11,000 by the time restructuring is complete in 1995, Mr Jürgen Knorr, managing director, said yesterday." FINANCIAL TIMES: Union leader offers 5-year deal on pay rises LONDON/BONN - "The leader of Germany’s largest and most powerful trade union has offered the government 5 years of pay peace during which he would expect pay rises to do no more than preserve the purchasing power of his 3.5m members. Mr Franz Steinkühler, who will today be re-elected as leader of the IG Metall engineering union, made the offer as the union’s opening shot in the renewed debate about a ’solidarity pact’ to place the financing of German unification on a sounder footing." United Kingdom THE INDEPENDENT: British coal to axe 20,000 "In one of the most dramatic announcements since the recession began, British Coal is today expected to reveal its plan to close most of the mining industry. Amid calls from pitmen’s leaders for a national strike and legal action, management will disclose its intention to shut 30 of the remaining 50 pits before next March with the loss of 30,000 jobs. Twenty collieries and 20,000 jobs are planned to go immediately." THE INDEPENDENT: Lucas Industries sheds 2,750 jobs "Lucas Industries, the automotive and aerospace group, is to make 2,750 employees redundant worldwide as part of an £88.4m restrucruting programme involving the closure of 16 factory sites." Italie LE FIGARO: Les syndicats unis contre l’austérité ROME - "A la veille de la grève générale lancée par les 3 grandes centrales syndicales, CGIL, CISL et UIL, rien ne va plus depuis la sortie de la lire du SME et le plan d’austérité proposé le 17 décembre dernier par le gouvernement Amato... Bercées par le succès du miracle italien dans les années quatre-vingt, les classes dirigeantes n’avaient pas voulu s’attaquer de front aux plaies qui gangrènent l’économie: un déficit bugétaire de 150 000 mrds de lires en 1992, soit 10,7% du PIB, une dette publique abyssale (104% du PIB)... Mais il a fallu aller plus loin. En décidant un plan d’économie drastique de 93 000 mrds de lires (330 mrds de francs, 6% de la richesse annuelle), qui touche à la fois aux recettes et aux dépenses budgétaires, le gouvernement a pris le risque de soulever tous les mécontentements. Le plan Amato a provoqué un véritable tollé. Il touche les points les plus sensibles de l’équilibre social: gel des salaires de certains fonctionnaires, allongement progressif de la période d’activité de tous les salariés avant la retraite, forte réduction des remboursements de médicaments." END-OF-TEXT