Cohabitation between wind farms and radars
Transcription
Cohabitation between wind farms and radars
Cohabitation between wind farms and radars : The French regulation Office franco-allemand pour les énergies renouvelables, 29 septembre 2015 Claire Sauron, Chargée de mission Éolien Direction générale de la prévention des risques, MEDDE Ministère de l'Écologie, du Développement durable et de l’Énergie www.developpement-durable.gouv.fr The French context Connected wind power in march 2015 : 9 482 MW And a lot of radars 27 Weather radars Maritime and port radars Civil aviation radars and VOR Military radars BL Dammartin Roissy Orly Strasbourg Bâle Mulhouse BRSG PN GB AV CDG PS CH RY TR NE Lyon Bordeaux LI . Toulouse Nice Vitrolles Couverture radars primaires civils française PSHGR BD TLS MO. BZ AU MV GS MN ML The French regulation Authorizations needed to operate a wind farm Several authorizations depending of different regulations are needed to operate a wind farm Building permit (Planning Code) Operating permit (Environment Code) Authorisations in case of forest clearing (Forest code), impact on protected species (Environment Code)… Since 2014 an experimentation in seven regions aims at delivering a single permit covering all these authorisations After the 1st November 2015, the « single permit » will concern all French regions Rules concerning radars Rules concerning radars and wind farms are set in the legislation on classified installations (Ministerial order of 26 august 2011) and examined in the operating permit application Arrêté modifié du 26 août 2011 relatif aux installations de production d'électricité utilisant l'énergie mécanique du vent au sein d'une installation soumise à autorisation au titre de la rubrique 2980 de la législation des installations classées pour la protection de l'environnement The French regulation Ministerial order of 26 august 2011 Aim of this regulation : Make sure that wind farms don’t disturb the security missions of radars Rules concerning weather radars, military radars, civil aviation radars, maritime and port radars Modified in 2014, in order to precise rules concerning weather radars and give more visibility to wind farms operators The French energy transition for green growth law : a regulation will precise the requirements concerning the building of wind farms near radars What is the regulation ? Civil aviation, maritime and port radars : Type of radar Civil Aviation Maritime and river port Coordination distance (km) Primary radar 30 Secondary radar 16 VOR (Visual Omni Range) 15 Port radar 20 Radar in Regional Rescue and Surveillance Operational Centers 10 No agreement of the radar operator in the coordination distance = Non compliance with the ministerial order = Refusal What is the regulation ? Military radars : Agreement of the military authority required all over the country When an agreement from the radar operator is required The agreement can be asked by the applicant and submitted with the authorization request OR by the administration (No answer from the radar operator within 2 months = agreement) What is the regulation ? Weather radars : Protection distance (km) Coordination distance (km) 5 20 S-band 10 30 X-band 4 10 Type of radar C-band Weather radar De Dp Weather radar Radar météorologique De distance De :: Coordination Distance d'éloignement Dp distance Dp :: Protection Distance de protection Wind farms forbidden except if Meteo-France agrees with the project Impacts of the wind farms shall be analyzed What is the regulation ? Weather radars : In the orange area (Dp < D < De) : Solution 1 : use of a modeling method validated by the ministry + compliance with distance criteria Solution 2 : Consultation of Météo-France (a third-party expertise can be required) Distance dedistance protection Dp : Protection L ≤ 10km Distance d'éloignement De : Coordination distance Radar météorologique Weather radar Wind turbine Impact area De Dp the maximum occultation of the radar beam by wind turbines must not exceed 10% What is the regulation ? Weather radars : Procedure of the validation of a modeling method : Submission by the applicant of : Details of the modeling method References of the society and justification of its ability to use the modeling method Comparison between the modeling results and Meteo-France observations for a wind farm chosen with the ministry Consultation of Meteo-France Validation by ministerial decision Two applicants have submitted a modeling method. They are currently being assessed. MERCI DANKE Ministère de l'Écologie, du Développement durable et de l’Énergie www.developpement-durable.gouv.fr