Bike theft : impact and solutions

Transcription

Bike theft :
impact and solutions
M. Giroud, N. Martin, M. Petit, L. Alessio, A. Chevassut-Rosset, B. Bedouet,
A. Parbeau, C. Perrot, C. Raverdy, F. Bassetti, F. Héran *, N. Mercat **
FUBicy
(*) IFRESI-CNRS (**) Altermodal
[email protected]
http://fubicy.org http://bicycode.org
Velo-City 2007 München
The FUBicy
• Fédération française des Usagers de la
Bicyclette
• no individual members but ! 15000 persons
through a network of 140 local users' groups
(mostly urban). Staff 4 employees in
Strasbourg.
• cycling in transport policy, promotion,
education,lobbying, services to everyday
cyclists, mobility management (no activity in
the field of tourism)
http://fubicy.org
http://bicycode.org
Bike theft :
impact and solutions
• negative impact of bike theft : facts and
figures in France
• locks quality, a key factor ; break tests
• bike coding systems in Europe
• Bicycode, a smart tool
[email protected]
http://fubicy.org http://bicycode.org
Negative impact of bicycle theft
• France : sales 3 M new bikes / year, average cost 230"
• 400'000 bikes stolen / year
• After theft :
3% recover their bike
buy new bike > 230 !
15 %
buy new bike < 230 !
10 %
22 %
give up : no bike
50 %
F.Héran, IFRESI-CNRS
N.Mercat, Altermodal
1999-2003
http://fubicycode.org
buy second hand
Negative impact of bicycle theft
• Losses :
- 140'000 new bikes sales missed
- average sale value 20% lower
- 80'000 cyclists/year give up cycling
new
>230
new < 230
give
up
second hand
- public health :
30 min. active travel / day saves ! 800" /(person.year)
--> over 80 M" / year
• Gain ?
- cyclists who re-buy a bike choose a cheaper bike, but a
stronger lock
Importance of locks quality
+ practical tips
Theft
frequency
( bikes/year )
Cyclist's experience ( years )
Theft : facts and figures
• in France :
- 10 to 20 % of stolen
bikes were not attached
at all
- 90 % of stolen bikes had
a very poor quality "lock"
- approximately 1 / 2 were
stolen inside (garages including bicycle parking
facility - , cellars, halls)
Bike parking & locking :
practical tips
practical tips
The bicycle frame
must be anchored.
practical tips…
…for parking designers and
urban planners too.
practical tips
Provide good bicycle
parking equipments if you
don't want to see that !
Locks break tests
•
Why do we need tests ?
-
to show how bad bad locks are
-
to distinguish between good locks and good-looking locks
•
Why do we reproduce tests ?
-
reliable tests already exist : ART, Sold Secure, TÜV, SBSC…
-
but locks makes and/or names may vary from country to country
-
adjust thresholds depending on the country bike market
•
Tests do not require sophisticated equipment
-
bike thieves use simple methods
-
FUBicy testers from REVV Valence were trained by the motorcyclists' federation
FFMC Stop Vol team.
Locks break tests : results
• Tests results :
paper + download > 35'000 / year
(only…)
• Support from cycle
professionals ?
- cycle retailers :
anxious about discouraging bike
purchase ?
REVV Valence
- lock manufacturers : appreciate we advertise their high quality
locks, but not that much active support yet
- some insurances become interested, although urban bike market
is still very low in France
Conclusion on locks From prevention to bike coding
• Need to convince
parking designers and
cycle retailers
• Tips for cyclists
- buy a strong lock
- always lock
- anchor the bike frame
• Our limits
- the cyclists who need our tips are those we don't reach so
easily…
Bike coding systems in Europe
Role : enable bicycle identification. Several
systems already :
•
Denmark : mandatory bike coding by manufacturer or retailer.
Central database monitored by the Police. Very efficient : ! 40% of
stolen bikes return to the owner !
•
Germany : bike number based on cyclist's name and address (n&a).
No extra database. Results vary a lot from Land to Land.
•
Netherlands : several systems (1) like in Germany, (2) manufacturer
new unique serial number, or (3) RFID chips
•
Belgium : national identity number can be engraved. No extra
database.
•
Other countries : local experiments, or private databases + stickers
systems. A new system just starting in Spain : ?
•
Note : bikes' serial numbers are generally not unique.
Bike coding systems in Europe
Comparison of european bike codings systems
D
B
NL
NL
NL
DK
(n&a)
(n)
(n&a)
(sn)
chip
(usn)
code cannot be removed
ok
ok
ok
y/n
??
ok
code easy to read
ok
ok
ok
ok
no
ok
cyclist moves
no
ok
no
ok
ok
ok
cyclist sells his/her bike
no
no
no
ok
ok
ok
blacklist accessible
(data securised ? )
no
(-)
no
(-)
ok
(no)
ok
(no)
ok
(?)
no
(ok)
- blacklist not accessible : only Police can check bike status.
- y/n : yes or no, depending on the manufacturers. (-) not applicable.
Bike coding system in France
What Bicycode has learned from our neighbours :
F
(usn)
code cannot be
removed
code easy to read
ok
cyclist moves
ok
cyclist sells his/her bike
ok
blacklist accessible
(data securised ? )
ok
(ok)
REVV Valence
ok
http://bicycode.org
+ voice server
(+33) 0 825 560 030
How Bicycode works
• step 1 : FUBicy creates lists of unique serial numbers.
Each USN is automatically associated to a personal
password.
Code based on:
year, region and
id.number of local
shop, unique serial
number.
The password is
random.
SQL database
How Bicycode works
• step 2 : a local shop (cyclists users'group, velostation,
retailer,…) buys a list of numbers which are printed on
stickers for the "Bike Passport".
The local shop
must also rent or
buy an engraving
machine.
CADR67 Strasbourg
How Bicycode works
• step 3 : the cyclist comes to the local shop. The bike
number is engraved on the frame.
ADTC Grenoble
How Bicycode works
• step 4 : the cyclist
receives his/her Bike
Passport. He/she may
update personal data with
his/her password. Personal
data are protected (privacy
laws).
• If the cyclist sells his/her
bike, he/she just has to give
the Bike Passport to the new
owner.
Club des Villes Cyclables
How Bicycode works
• step 5 : if the bike is found (abandonned, or second
hand sale), anybody can/shall check for the bike status
on internet or by telephone.
http://bicycode.org
(+33) 0 825 560 030
How Bicycode works
• step 5 bis : this bike is stolen !
• Contact address : Police.
• restricted
access to
personal
data
(Police,
FUBicy,
insurance)
Bicycode : evaluation after 3 years
• reliable : the password system is OK. Almost no
manual handling of serial numbers (except when
engraving)
• returned
bikes ! 9%.
Grows only
slowly.
• attractive :
success of
"Bicycode days".
Present in 60
cities. Over
25'000 bikes
engraved.
MDB Ile de France + Mairie de Paris
• impact on theft ? ! 2% stolen bikes. No evidence for a
direct impact, but indirect effect.
• Attractive new service => excellent opportunity to inform
cyclists about locks quality & practical tips !
• obviously needs to be improved : information of Police
staff (from top, or local initiatives)
Place au vélo Nantes :
visit of the unidentified bicycles storage facility
Roue Libre Chambéry :
unidentified bicycles exhibition
+ info on Bicycode and locks
• limitation : cost of "semi-industrial" engraving
machines still high for a retailer ( 1.6 to 6 k" ).
Possible to engrave
! 6 to 25 bikes / h ,
depending on the
machine, the bikes
and the operator.
SIC Marking
Kirba
Securmark
Mécagrav
Propen
Our conclusion on the bike coding
experience:
• Bicycode bike coding system :
OK but still needs to be developped and improved
- reliability is very important : not just "tatoo" or "sticker" on the bike
- the system must make the Police's job easier and involve Police staff
- impact on theft and % of recovered bikes will improve when the % of
coded bikes will grow
• bike coding side effects :
good, better than we expected, and maybe even better than
initial primary objectives…
- advertising for the cyclists' federation : press release, TV
- excellent opportunity to inform cyclists on locks and prevention
- partnership with insurance(s) : just started this month

Bike theft : impact and solutions

Transcription

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