euthanasia debate

Marta SPRANZI
Associate Professor in History, Philosophy and Ethics of Science at the University of Versailles StQuentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), France.
Clinical ethics consultant at the Center for Clinical Ethics (Cochin hospital, Paris, France).
CURRICULUM VITAE
Family name: SPRANZI
First name: Marta
Date and place of birth: May 27th, 1960 in Milan (Italy)
Nationality: French, Italian
Personal address: 33, rue Croulebarbe, 75013 Paris
Telephone: +33 1 42 17 03 80
Mobile phone: +33 6 61 52 95 05
e-mail: [email protected]
Professional address: University of Versailles, 45, avenue des Etats-Unis, 78000 Versailles
Education
1997 - PhD in History and Philosophy of Science at the University of Pittsburgh (USA), directed by
Dr. Peter Machamer. Title of the thesis: “The tradition of Aristotle’s Topics and Galileo’s Dialogue on
the two chief world systems : dialectic, dialogue and demonstration ». Other members of the jury :
Prof. James Lennox, Prof. Merrilee Salmon et Prof. John Lyne.
1999 – Master’s degree in Medical Ethics, University of Paris 12, Créteil. Title of the thesis : "Medical
interpreting, patients’ rights and the ethics of communication
1992 – Master’s degree in History and civilization at the « Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences
Sociales ». Title of the thesis : “Traditions and revolutions in the 17th century”
1989 - Master's degree in History and Philosophy of Science at the University of Pittsburgh (USA)
1985 – Master’s in Philosophy ("Laurea") at the University of Milan (Italy). Title of the thesis: "Leibniz
and Berkeley: the notion of relative space and the critique of absolute space » (Grade : 110/110 cum
laude).
University positions
Since 2000 (main appointment) – Associate professor in History, Philosophy and Ethics of Science at
the University of Versailles St-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), France.
Since September 2005 – Part-time position at the Center for Clinical Ethics (Cochin Hospital, Paris)
1998-2000 – Teaching assistant in Philosophy (University of Paris Ouest-Nanterre)
Marta Spranzi - CV : mise à jour du 15/09/16, p. 2
1995-1998 – Teaching assistant in History and Philosophy of Science (University of Pittsburgh, USA)
Teaching experience
University of Versailles St-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)– courses in Philosophy of science, Medical
ethics and Science and Society for undergraduate students in the sciences and in the medical school.
Center for Clinical Ethics (Cochin Hospital) – Co-director (with Dr. Nicolas Foureur) of the 2-year
clinical ethics program
Participates in several University programs dealing with clinical ethics, healthcare in a diverse
cultural setting, the ethics of community interpreting, the ethics of neonatology and palliative care
(University of Paris Descartes)
Institutional affiliations
Since 2015 – Member of the « Printemps » Research Center, UMR 8085 (UVSQ)
September 2007-2013 –Member of the CERSES Research Center (“Centre de recherche Sens,
Ethique et Société”), UMR 8137 CNRS-University of Paris Descartes
2004-2010 – Member of the National University Council (“Conseil National des Universités”), 72nd
department (Epistemology, history of science and technology).
2000- 2007 – Member of the Cavaillès Center (Ecole Normale Supérieure).
Since 2005 Associate member of the Institute for the History of Science and techniques (IHPST,
UMR CNRS – University of Paris Sorbonne).
2002-2004 – Member of the Ethics Committee of the Eating disorders regional network.
Awards
2000 – The Maurice Rapin Foundation Award in medical ethics : "Community interpreting, patients’
rights and the ethics of communication »
1994 – “Apple for the teacher award” (University of Pittsburgh, USA)
Research responsibilities
April 2014 – Member of the program committee for the ICCEC14 international conference on « The patient’s
voice » (University of Paris Descartes).
2009-2010 – CERSES, University of Paris Descartes. Organization of the annual lecture series on
Empirical approaches to ethics.
September 2-8, 2012 – Member of the organizing committee teacher at the thematic international
school on Clinical ethics support services (CESS) (with Véronique Fournier (Cochin Hospital, Paris),
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Bert Molewijk (University of Amsterdam), Renzo Pegoraro (University of Padoua), at Borca di Cadore
(Italy)
Since 2010 : Participation to several clinical ethics research projects conducted by the Center for
Clinical Ethics (Cochin Hospital, Paris) :
« How people over 75 value advance directives »
« WAHN : a comparative perspective in several medical specialties »
« Relational difficulties between nurses, proxies and patients in long term geriatric care
units»
June 20th, 2003 – ENS, Paris : organization of a workshop on teaching humanities in science
graduate programs.
1999-2001 - Organization of a seminar at the Collège International de Philosophie, Paris (with
Philippe Hamou) on The epistemology of invention in the 16th century.
Languages
Fluent (written and spoken): English, Italian and French
Good knowledge of German and Latin
Some knowledge of Hebrew and Greek
PUBLICATIONS
Books
The epistemology of empirical ethics (in preparation)
The art of dialectic between dialogue and rhetoric : the Aristotelian tradition, Amsterdam, John
Benjamins, 2011, 239 pages.
Le "Dialogue sur les deux grands systèmes du monde" de Galilée: dialectique, rhétorique et
démonstration, Paris, PUF, 2004.
Galilée, Lettre à Christine de Lorraine et autres écrits coperniciens, translation, commentary and
introduction (with Philippe Hamou), Paris, Le Livre de Poche, 2004.
Articles in peer reviewed scientific journals
(With Véronique Fournier), “The near-failure of advance directives: why they should not be
abandoned altogether, but their role radically reconsidered”, Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy,
to appear, 2016
“Professionalizing the practice of clinical ethics consultation: Problems and perspectives”, Bioethica
forum, to appear, 2016
(With Véronique Fournier, Laurence Brunet and Nicolas Foureur) « The ‘commitment model’ for
clinical ethics consultations : society’s involvement in the solution of individual cases », The journal
of clinical ethics, 2015, 26(4), 286-296.
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(With Laurence Brunet) “The French bioethics public consultation and the anonymity doctrine:
Empirical ethics and normative assumptions”, Monash Bioethics Review, 2015, 33(1), 18-28
(With Laurence Brunet) “Personal identity as a form of freedom”, The Hastings Center Report,
September-October 2004, 3-4
“Is there a difference between passive and active euthanasia?”, Books and ideas, 2014
(http://www.booksandideas.net/Is-There-a-Difference-Between.html)
“Décider et faire: le ‘savoir-comment-faire’ entre sagesse pratique, habilité et éthique du care”,
Implications philosophiques, numéro spécial consacré à “L’éthique dans tous les états”, 2013
(http://www.implications-philosophiques.org/actualite/une/decider-et-faire-1/ et
http://www.implications-philosophiques.org/actualite/une/decider-et-faire-1/)
“The French euthanasia debate : exception and solidarity”, The Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare
Ethics, 22, 2013, 1-9
"Clinical ethics and values : how do norms evolve from practice ?" The journal of Medicine,
healthcare and philosophy , 16/1, 93-103, 2013
"The normative relevance of cases: Rhetoric and empirical ethics", The Cambridge Quarterly of
Healthcare Ethics, vol. 21/4, 2012, pp. 481-492
(With Véronique Fournier), "L'autonomie en question: pratique éthique et enjeux politiques", Raison
publique, vol. 5, fall 2011, pp. 217-242.
“Galileo and the mountains of the moon : analogical reasoning, models and metaphors in scientific
discovery”, Journal of cognition and culture, (special issue edited by Christophe Heintz on “Studies in
cognitive anthropology of science”), 4, 2004, pp. 451-484.
“Galileo’s Dialogue on the two chief world systems: rhetoric and dialogue”, Archives internationals
d’histoire des sciences, vol. 55, 2005, pp. 97-114 (special issue edited by F. Hallyn, La rhétorique des
textes scientifiques au XVIIe siècle).
“Rhétorique, dialectique et probabilité au XVIe siècle”, La revue de Synthèse, 4e série, n.2-3-4, AprilDecember 2001, pp. 297-317.
"Interprétariat, droits du malade et éthique de la communication", in : C. Byk (ed.), La bioéthique :
un langage pour mieux se comprendre, Paris, éditions ESKA/Lacassagne, 2000, pp. 141-168.
"Dialectic, dialogue and controversy: the case of Galileo", Science in context, 11(2), 1998, pp.181-203
(special issue on scientific controversies edited by Marcelo Dascal et Gideon Freudenthal).
"Le récit comme forme d'explication: science et histoire", Littérature (edited by Jacques Neefs et
Claudine Cohen), 109, 1998, pp.46-58.
"Dialogue as a 'road to truth': a Renaissance view", in: Dialoganalyse VI, 1st part, Tübingen, Max
Niemeyer Verlag, 1998, pp. 85-90.
Book chapters
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« Professional integrity », to appear in : Encyclopedia of Global Bioethics, edited by Henk ten Have,
Springer, 2016
« La place de l’interprète dans la relation médicale : éthique médicale et éthique de l’interprète », to
appear in: E. Navarro (ed.) Migration et Interprétation-médiation Représentations, enjeux
méthodologiques et conceptuels, Michel Houdiard Éditeur
"The nature and purpose of Aristotelian dialectic revisited: argumentation theory, scientific
controversies and epistemology", in: Frans Van Eemeren and Bart Garssen (eds.), Topical themes,
Springer Verlag, 2012, pp. 163-179.
"Humanité et maltraitance ordinaire: leçons de quelques lettres de plaintes de patients
hospitalisés", in: Qu'est-ce qu'un bon patient? Qu'est-ce qu'un bon médecin? , ed. Claire Crignon and
Marie Gaille, Seli Arslan, 2010, pp. 284-299.
With Gloria Origgi, "La construction de la confiance dans l'entretien médical", in : Th. Martin et P.-Y.
Quiviger (eds.), Action médicale et confiance, Besançon, Presses Universitaires de Franche-Comté,
coll. Annales Littéraires de l'Université de Franche-Comté, série Agon, 2007.
“Le traité du dialogue de Carlo Sigonio et la dialectique d’Aristote”, in : P. Guérin (ed.) Le dialogue.
Ou les enjeux d’une forme d’écriture, Presses Universitaires de Rennes, 2006, pp. 203-218.
Review essays
“Ethique et fin de vie”. Review essay of : Anne Paillet, Sauver la vie et donner la mort, Paris, La
Dispute, coll. « Corps Santé Société », 2007 ; Nancy Kentish-Barnes, Mourir à l’hôpital, Paris, Seuil,
2008. (Internet site of the Collège de France, « La vie des idées », 2009
(http://www.laviedesidees.fr/Les-decisions-de-fin-de-vie-un.html).
Other articles
With Danielle Milhaud-Cappe et Marie Gaille, “La philosophie convoquée au chevet du patient”, in :
Véronique Fournier et Marie Gaille (eds.), L’éthique clinique à l’hôpital Cochin, Centre d’éthique
clinique, 2007, pp. 29-48.
“Les sciences, l’histoire, la philosophie et la sociologie : quel mariage possible ?”, Rue Descartes,
vol.41, 2003, pp. 1008-110 (special issue edited by J.-M. Lévy-Leblond, A quoi sert la philosophie des
sciences?).
"Huygens' rejection of absolute motion: some aspects of the dilemma", Physis, vol. 36, 1999, pp. 5572.
ORAL PRESENTATIONS
International conferences
July 21st, 2015 – ICCEC 2015, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York (USA): Invited lecture on
“Professionalization in clinical ethics”
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July 21st, 2015 – ICCEC 2015, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York (USA): “Neutrality and
impartiality in clinical ethics consultations: the consultants complex stance”
July 2, 2014 - Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics, International Bioethics Retreat, Columbia
University Global Centers-Europe, Reid Hall, Paris: “Medical (un)certainty and the ethical dimension
of medicine”
April 24, 2014 – ICCEC 2014 (Paris, University of Paris Descartes): “The patient’s voice and a
qualitative research method approach in clinical ethics »
April 23, 2014 – Invited lecture, ICCEC 2014 (Paris, University of Paris Descartes): “When patients’
values challenge professional integrity: which way out?”
February 18, 2014 – Brocher Foundation (Geneva, Switzerland: Symposium “On gametes and
guidelines: exploring the use of interdisciplinary and empirical bioethics to inform the regulation of
reproductive technologies”, organized by Jonathan Ives and Veerle Provoost): “The French bioethics
public consultation and the anonymity doctrine : procedures, values and norms”.
June 19-21, 2013 - Third Cambridge Consortium for Bioethics Education, Reid Hall, Paris : “Deciding
and Doing: Teaching Nurses and Doctors”.
June 24-26, 2013 - Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics, International Bioethics Retreat,
Columbia University Global Centers-Europe, Reid Hall, Paris : “Two Approaches to Conscientious
Objection: liberalism and medical integrity”.
May 6th, 2013 – Institute of biomedical ethics, University of Geneva, invited lecture : “Moral
distress, reasons and context: medical intuitions about end-of-life acts”.
February 13-15, 2013 – University of Göttingen, International conference on Autonomy and trust in
bioethics : “Meta information and trust : making information relevant”.
September 20-21, 2012 – CEVIPOF, International conference on Liberal pluralism and its critics: “The
two faces of conscientious objection: the limits of pluralist liberalism”.
June 22nd, 2012 – SOPHA (Paris). "Moral distress, reasons and context: a plea for moderate moral
intuitionism".
September 16th, 2011 – EACME Annual Conference, Istanbul (Turkey). "The ethical position of
interpreters in the medical encounter: neutrality and medical ethics".
May 26th, 2011 – University of The Hague (Holland). "End-of-life acts: moral intuitions and ethical
theory", International Conference on Moral emotions and intuitions.
May 20th, 2011 – 7th ICCEC conference, Amsterdam (with Nicolas Foureur). "Commitment in clinical
ethics consultations: a benefit or a risk?"
September 17th, 2010 – EACME international conference on empirical ethics, University of Olso
(Norway) : "The normative relevance of cases: rhetoric and empirical ethics”.
June 2nd, 2010 – ISSA Annual International Conference, University of Amsterdam (Holland): "The
nature and purpose of dialectic : Aristotle and argumentation theory".
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May 13th, 2010 – 6th ICCEC conference, Portland (Oregon, USA) : “The performative role of respect
for autonomy. Lessons from clinical ethics consultations in the French context”.
October 24th, 2008 – Cleveland (USA), Annual meeting of the ASBH (American Association of
Bioethics and the Humanities : “Is Passive Euthanasia Morally Superior to Active Euthanasia ?
Evidence from Pre-Reflective Judgments in the Ward”.
June 14-18, 2006 – Ecole Normale Supérieure, Paris. HOPOS International conference : “Leibniz and
Berkeley : the critique of absolute space and the nature of science”.
June 14-18, 2006 - Amsterdam. ISSA International conference (International Association for the
Study of Argumentation) : “Epistemic trust and the negotiation of comprehension in doctor-patient
interaction. A case study”.
January 21-23, 2005 – Ecole Normale Supérieure, Paris, Annual Conference of the French Society for
Philosophy of Science : “Nature, passive euthanasia and habit”
December 2004 – University of Saint Petersburg : International conference on The future of Social
Sciences: “Is there a European Bioethics ?”.
August 2003 – Istanbul (Turkey), XXI World Philosophy Congress: “The therapeutic contract in the
treatment of eating disorders : negotiation, trust and authority”.
December 2003 – University of Ghent : International conference on “The Rhetoric of scientific texts
during the Scientific Revolution (organized by F. Hallyn) : “Galileo’s Dialogue and rhetoric”.
November 2003 – University of Rennes, Conference on Renaissance dialogue, organized by Philippe
Guérin : “Carlo Sigonio’s theory of dialogue between Humanism and Aristotelianism”.
September 2002 – University of Pittsburgh (USA). Alumni Invited lecture: “Models, analogies and
metaphors in scientific discovery : the case of Galileo and the mountains of the moon”.
June 1999 – Tel Aviv University. International Conference on Pragmatics (Pragma 99): "Dialectic and
discovery: the forgotten lesson of Renaissance Aristotelianism".
National conferences
December 4th, 2014 – Institute of political science, CEVIPOF, Paris : “Withdrawing treatment and
persistent vegetative state : the euthanasia debate”.
June 18th,2014 – MGEN (Paris), Presentation of the results of a clinical ethics research project on
WANH in neonatology (Cochin hospital): “’Natural death’ and professional integrity: a philosophical
analysis on the ethics of WAHN »
June 12nd, 2014 – Paris, Introduction to the Midwife regional congress (ANSFT): “Why is ethical
reflection necessary ?”
June 11th, 2014 – St-Quentin-en-Yvelines (Association Pallium): “Clinical ethics consultation and the
role of a third party in the medical relationship : risks and advantages”.
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June 6th, 2014 – University of Paris Sorbonne Nouvelle, Paris ; workshop on Migration and
Interpreting-mediation : Représentations, methological and conceptual issues : “Interpreters and
neutrality : what is the right ethical stance ?”
June 25th, 2013 – Thematic summer school (“Normativity, representations and lived experiences”),
CNRS, Paris: “From application to translation: between principles, values and concrete situations”.
May 28th, 2013 - Loire Atlantique conference on palliative care, Nantes : “End-of-life decisions and
the patients’ voice”
13 Juin 2012 – CERSES, University of Paris Descartes, workshop on The epistemologies of bioethics,
organized by Simone Bateman and Marie Gaille, CERSES : “Bioethics and clinical ethics”.
December 14th, 2011 – 6th Montpellier workshop in biomedicine. “PDG: preventing handicap and
deciding who will live”.
March 18th, 2010 – Health Ministry, International conference on Healthcare and community
interpreting, organized by ISM-interpretation : “The place of interpreters in the medical relationship:
the ethics of interpreters and medical ethics”.
March 17th, 2010 – University of Paris Descartes, University of Bourgogne, International
conference on “Qu’est-ce qu’un bon patient ? Qu’est-ce qu’un bon médecin”, organized by Marie
Gaille and Claire Crignon: “Humanity and ordinary experience: the lessons of some patients’ letters
of complaint”.
November 13th 2009 – Ecole Normale Supérieure, Annual Conference of the French Society for
Philosophy of Science : “Informing the patient: cognitive biases and epistemic norms”.
June 24th 2009 – University of Paris Descartes: “Advance directives, futile care and the models of the
good death”.
June 2nd, 2009 - CERSES, University of Paris Descartes, lecture series on Autonomy and freedom,
organized by Michela Marzano and Speranta Dumitru: “Autonomy and self-determination: a
necessary distinction”.
April 25-26, 2008 – University of Angers (France) : “Information, communication and trust in the
healthcare relationship”.
September 2004 – Bioethics workshop at the thematic summer school in philosophy of science,
organized by Anouk Barberousse and Max Kistler: “Naturalism” and “The role of principles in medical
ethics”.
February 2004 – University of Franch-Comté (Besançon, France) : “History of science between an
exotic past and the tyranny of the present”.
February 2003 – Saint Anne Mental Health Hospital, Annual conference of the network on eating
disorders: “Eating disorders and involuntary hospitalization: some philosophical questions”.
October 23rd, 2000 – 7th Vouillé philosophical workshop, Périgny Castle, organized by Guy Samama:
“The language of the body : nature and norms in medical decisions”.
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November 13th, 1999 – Henri Poincaré Institute, Paris, The Ernest Coumet workshop: "Rhetoric,
dialectic and probability in the 16th century ".
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