Enlightenment and religion in the Orthodox world

(previously SVEC)
Enlightenment and religion
in the Orthodox world
Edited by
PASCHALIS M. KITROMILIDES
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UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD
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Enlightenment and religion in the Orthodox world
Edited by
PASCHALIS M. KITROMILIDES
The place of religion in the Enlightenment has been keenly debated for many years.
Research has tended, however, to examine the interplay of religion and knowledge in
Western countries, often ignoring the East. In Enlightenment and religion in the
Orthodox world leading historians address this imbalance by exploring the intellectual
and cultural challenges and changes that took place in Orthodox communities during
the eighteenth century.
The two main centres of Orthodoxy, the Greek-speaking world and the Russian Empire,
are the focus of early chapters, with specialists analysing the integration of modern
cosmology into Greek education, and the Greek alternative ‘enlightenment’, the spiritual
Philokalia. Russian experts also explore the battle between the spiritual and the rational
in the works of Voulgaris and Levshin. Smaller communities of Eastern Europe were
faced with their own particular difficulties, analysed by contributors in the second part of
the book. Governed by modernising princes who embraced Enlightenment ideals,
Romanian society was fearful of the threat to its traditional beliefs, whilst Bulgarians
were grappling in different ways with a new secular ideology. The particular case of the
politically-divided Serbian world highlights how Dositej Obradović’s complex humanist
views have been used for varying ideological purposes ever since. The final chapter
examines the encroachment of the secular on the traditional in art, and the author
reveals how Western styles and models of representation were infiltrating Orthodox art
and artefacts.
Through these innovative case studies this book deepens our understanding of how
Christian and secular systems of knowledge interact in the Enlightenment, and provides
a rich insight into the challenges faced by leaders and communities in eighteenthcentury Orthodox Europe.
Paschalis M. Kitromilides, Preface
Paschalis M. Kitromilides, 1. The Enlightenment and the Orthodox world:
historiographical and theoretical challenges
Vassilios N. Makrides, 2. The Enlightenment in the Greek Orthodox East: appropriation,
dilemmas, ambiguities
Efthymios Nicolaidis, 3. The Greek Enlightenment, the Orthodox Church and modern
science
Dimitrios Moschos, 4. An alternative ‘enlightenment’: the Philokalia
Iannis Carras, 5. Understanding God and tolerating humankind: Orthodoxy and the
Enlightenment in Evgenios Voulgaris and Platon Levshin
Elena Smilianskaia, 6. The battle against superstition in eighteenth-century Russia:
between ‘rational’ and ‘spiritual’
Andrei Pippidi, 7. The Enlightenment and Orthodox culture in the Romanian
principalities
Nenad Ristović, 8. The Enlightenment of Dositej Obradović in the context of Christian
classical humanism
Marija Petrović, 9. The Serbian Church hierarchy and popular education in the
Hapsburg lands during the eighteenth century
Bojan Aleksov, 10. The vicissitudes of Dositej Obradović’s Enlightenment cult among
the Serbs
Vassilis Maragos, 11. The challenge of secularism in Bulgarian Orthodox society
Eugenia Drakopoulou, 12. The interplay of Orthodoxy and Enlightenment in religious art
Summaries
Bibliography
Index
Paschalis M. Kitromilides is Professor of Political Science at the University of Athens.
His main research interests are the history of political thought, political ideas of the
Enlightenment and the liberal tradition, and Enlightenment and religion. He previously
edited Adamantios Korais and the European Enlightenment (SVEC 2010:10) and From
Republican polity to national community: reconsiderations of enlightenment political
thought (SVEC 2003:09).
Oxford University Studies in the Enlightenment, February 2016
ISBN 978-0-7294-1173-8, xii+324 pages, 9 ills, £70 / €100 / $110
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