Geopolitics of the Middle East

Transcription

PLAN DE COURS
GEOPOLITICS IN THE MIDDLE EAST
Professeur(s) : Pierre RAZOUX
Année universitaire 2015/2016 : Semestre de printemps
COURSE SESSION
Session 1:
Introduction to the course:
 Brief assessment of Student’s knowledge and expectations
 Presentation of the curriculum and working methods
 Distribution of the list of requested / suggested readings
 Explanation of the individual evaluation process
 What means the Middle East? Is it the best term?
Brief historical overview of the region:
 A strategic crossroads always influenced or dominated by external players: The great empires and
st
kingdoms through the ages / Special grip of the Ottoman Empire / 1 WW / Sykes-Picot agreement /
nd
League of Nations’ mandates / 2 WW / The independences / Reject of imperialism / Zionism / PanArabism / Cold War / Islamism
Session 2:
An original approach of the Middle East region:
 The West’s different and contradictory visions of what should be the Middle East region (are they
only related to energy security?)
 A very diverse area in all aspects (physical, ethnical, linguistic, political, economically, religiously)
 An area in search of identity and unity
The driving forces and challenges of the Middle East region:
 Oil & natural gas (oil as a weapon / the 3 main shock points: Suez Canal, Straits of Bab el-Mandeb,
Straits of Ormuz)
 Religions
 Water: The next war?
 Demography (growing part of the urban and costal population versus Bedouins and Fellahs)
 Climate change
 Distribution of an Analytic chart for international crisis
Session 3:
The Middle East: A religious melting-pot dominated by Islam:
 Sunni versus Shia
 Divided Christians
 Isolated Jews
 The holy sites: A new source of rivalry?
Session 4:
The Arab-Israeli Wars and the Israeli-Palestinian conflict
 The Arab-Israeli Wars (1947-49, 1956, 1967, 1973)
 The Lebanon Wars (Black September, 1975-78, 1982-85, 2006)
 The Israeli-Palestinian conflict (since 1948)
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PLAN DE COURS
Session 5:
The Gulf Wars
 The Iran-Iraq War (1980-1988)
 Desert Storm and its long aftermath (1991-2011)
Session 6:
ISIS – Application of the Analytic chart (work in groups)
 A brief flashback in the recent history
 Syria and Iraq today
Restitution
 What is ISIS?
 What are its strengths and its weakness?
 What is the situation on the ground?
 How to defeat ISIS?
 What are the questions behind ISIS?
Session 7:
The global actors today in the Middle East
 USA, Russia, China, EU, India
 The international organizations and actors: UN, P5+1, Arab League, GCC, OIC, Quartet
Session 8:
The Iran-Saudi Arabia confrontation
 A long chess party
 Maps
 Political rivalries: Political Islamism versus Wahabism – Monarchies versus Republics
 Sunny versus Shia
 The Iraqi-Syrian front
 The Yemen front
Session 9:
The other regional actors today in the Middle East
 Turkey and the Kurdish question
 Egypt, The UAE, Qatar, Oman, Jordan & Lebanon
Session 10:
A geopolitical roadmap for the Middle East tomorrow:
 Deal intelligently with Iran and Turkey
 Appease the Sunni-Shia dispute
 Solve the Syrian and Iraqi civil wars
 Stabilize Lebanon, Libya and Yemen
 Solve the Israeli-Palestinian conflict
 Assist Tunisia and encourage Morocco and the Gulf monarchies to reform
 Avoid the collapse of Egypt and Algeria
 Promote a fair development in the MENA region (including food and water security)
 Protect minorities (including Christians & Kurds)
 Avoid a proliferation of WMD in the region
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PLAN DE COURS
Séance 11:
Test
Séance 12:
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Spare – To be defined accordingly to the momentum of the course.
Required readings
Books in English
 Pierre RAZOUX, The Iran-Iraq War, Harvard University Press-Belknap, 2015.
 Paul DANAHAR, The New Middle East, the world after the Arab Spring, Bloomsbury, 2015.
Use this book to have a general account of what has been happening in the Middle East recently and
to have a better understanding of what has changed since the Arab Spring.
 Arthur Jr. GOLDSCHMIDT & Lawrence DAVIDSON, A concise history of the Middle East,
Westview Press, 2013 (10th edition).
A very good book to update your knowledge of the Middle East's history.
nd
 Ewan & Liam ANDERSON, An Atlas of Middle Eastern Affairs, Routledge (2 edition), 2014.
http://catalogue/alswww4.dll/APS_ZONES?fn=ViewNotice&Style=Portal3&q=1247872
 Fawaz GERGES, Obama and the Middle East: the End of America’s moment? Palgrave
Macmillan, 2013.
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Emile HOKAYEM, Syria’s Uprising and the Fracturing of the Levant, Routledge, Adelphi Series,
2013.
James GELVIN, The Arab uprisings: What Everyone Needs to Know, Oxford University Press,
2012.
Curtis JONES, Divide and Perish: the Geopolitics of the Middle East, AuthorHouse, 2010.
Bernard LEWIS, The Middle East, Simon & Schuster, 2009; édition 1997:
Jason BROWNLEE, The Arab Spring, pathways of repression and reform, Oxford University
Press, 2015
Contrary to the numerous books written on the Arab Spring, this one engages with previous political
theories in order to provide a thorough analysis of the Arab Spring. More than an account or a
description of the events, you will find a reflexion and a will to provide an « explanatory framework »
for these events, their causes and their outcomes.
Mehran KAMRAVA, The Modern Middle East, A political history since the First World War,
University of California Press, 2013
Louise FAWCETT, International Relations of the Middle East, Oxford University Press, 2013.
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Michael BONINE, Abbas AMANAT & Michael GASPER, Is there a Middle East? The Evolution of
a Geopolitical Concept, Stanford University Press, 2011.
Colbert HELD & John CUMMINGS, Middle East Patterns: Places, Peoples and Politics,
Westview Press, 2010.
Arthur GOLDSCHMIDT, A Concise History of the Middle East, Westview Press, 2010.édition 2013
Gregory GAUSE III, The International Relations of the Persian Gulf, Cambridge University Press,
2009.
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PLAN DE COURS
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Yevgeny PRIMAKOV, Russia and the Arabs: Behind the Scenes in the Middle East from the
Cold War to the Present, Basic Books, 2009.
Vali NASR, The Shia Revival: How Conflicts within Islam will shape the future, WW Norton &
Company, 2007.
Books in French
 Pierre-Jean LUIZARD, Le piège Daech, La Découverte, 2015.
 Gilles KEPEL, Terreur dans l’Hexagone : genèse du Djihad français, Gallimard, 2015.
 Georges MALBRUNOT & Christian CHESNOT, Les chemins de Damas – Le dossier noir de la
relation franco-syrienne, Robert Laffont, 2014.
 Pierre RAZOUX, Tsahal – Nouvelle histoire de l’armée israélienne, Perrin-Tempus, 2008.
 Tancrède JOSSERAN, Florian LOUIS et Frédéric PICHON, Géopolitique du Moyen-Orient et de
l’Afrique du Nord, Presses Universitaires de France, 2012.
e
 Georges MUTIN, Géopolitique du Monde arabe, Ellipses (4 édition), 2012.
 Pierre VALAUD et Xavier BARON, Atlas géostratégique du Proche et du Moyen-Orient, Perrin /
Presses universitaires de Saint-Joseph, 2009.
 Yves LACOSTE, Géopolitique – Pour comprendre ce qui se joue et se décide derrière les
conflits d’aujourd’hui, Larousse, 2012.
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 Alexandre DEFAY, Géopolitique du Proche-Orient, Que sais-je ? PUF (5 édition), 2011.
 Alain GRESH et Dominique VIDAL, Les 100 clés du Proche-Orient, Fayard Pluriel (nouvelle
édition), 2011.
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Bernard HOURCADE, Géopolitique de l’Iran, Armand Colin, 2010.
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Frédéric ENCEL, Géopolitique de Jérusalem, Flammarion (nouvelle édition), 2008.
Reviews & magazines
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Foreign Policy (Washington Post)
Foreign Affairs (US Council of Foreign Relations)
The Middle East Journal (Middle East Institute, Washington)
International Journal of Middle East Studies (Cambridge University Press)
Survival (IISS, London)
RUSI Journal (London)
Politique internationale (Patrick Wajsman)
Politique étrangère (IFRI)
Maghreb-Machrek (Institut Choiseul)
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Confluences Méditerranée (IREMMO-L’Harmattan)
Les Cahiers de l’Orient (Antoine Sfeir)
Diplomatie (AREION)
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Geopolitics of the Middle East

Transcription

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