BREXIT will the UK leave the EU?
Transcription
BREXIT will the UK leave the EU?
wwww.yourcoachinbusinessenglish.com/articles/Brexit Source : The economist, Vocable du 3 au 16 Mars 2016 Mars 2016 Brexit Will the UK Leave the E.U? Let the campaigners begin Grande - Bretagne : les partis se préparent au référendum sur l'U.E En Grande - Bretagne, pas un jour ne se passe sans que le sujet ne revienne sur le devant de la scène : faut-il quitter l'Union européenne ? Un mot valise a même été crée à cette occasion : " Brexit" (Britain et exit). Le Premier ministre David Cameron a promis d'organiser en 2017, un référendum à ce sujet. Les pour et contre organisent déja leur campagne... Vocabulary 1. starting gun : signal de départ to fire : tirer ici, donner referendum act : loi sur le référendum to provide for : stipuler insider : initié late : fin 2. either way : quoi qu'il en soit to gear up : se préparer to raise cash : lever des capitaux lead : meneur, chef de file leafleting : distribution de tracts broadcasting rights : droit de diffusion spending limit : plafond de dépenses to chair : présider retail chain : chaîne de magasins cross-party : dépassant les clivages politiques akin to : ressemblant à intent on : résolu, déterminé à case : discours 3. shaky : mouvementé, diificile effective : efficace to be outgunned : être surpassé to escape : fuir mess : pagaille, désordre dialy health to run : diriger lyrics : paroles tune : mélodie 1. The starting gun for the rerefendum on whether Britain should leave the European Union has yet to be fired. Since the referedum act provides for a minimum four-month campaign, some say that the vote could now take place before the end of June - though insiders think late September is still more likely. 2. Either way, the pro and anti campaigns are gearing up, starting by raising cash. It is up to the Electoral Commisision to designate, for each side, a lead organisation that gets extra money, free leafleting and broadcasting rights in exchange for strict spending limits. The choice is clearer on the Remain side : it will be Britain Stronger in Europe, chaired by Lord Rose, a former boss of the Marks and Spencer retail chain. Its director, Will Straw says it is a broad cross-party group akin to the Better Together group that won the 2014 referendum on Scottish Independence, but intent on making a more positive and patriotic case. LET THE STRUGGLE BEGIN 3. Britain Stronger in Europe had a shaky start, but now looks more effective. Yet it still seems outgunned by its opponents, who have a simple and seductive passage about escaping Europe's chroning mess. This may be why the polls have narrowed. Alan Johnson who runs the Labour's Party in campaign, laments that, although his side has the best lyrics, his opponents have the best tunes. wwww.yourcoachinbusinessenglish.com/articles/Brexit Source : The economist, Vocable du 3 au 16 Mars 2016 Vocabulary 4. linked : lié(e) sole : unique, seul MP=Member of Parliament : membre du parlement, député not least because : ne seraitce que parce que previous : précédent. 5. keen : très désireux to draw lessons from : tirer les enseignements de concern : préoccupation to weigh heavily : peser considérablement bias : tendance, penchant to favour : avantager to supplement : compléter ever present : omniprésent to be hijacked : être monopolisé unrelated : sans rapport trade union organisation : organisation syndicale membership : adhésion, appartenance grounds : raison, motifs to lean, leaned or leant towards : pencher pour to argue : soutenir, argumenter. 6. to fend off : parer écarter charge : accusation though-through : mûrement réfléchi single market : marché unique to take, took, taken : ici, représenter to secure a favourable deal : obtenir des conditions avantageuses. Mars 2016 4. Leave.eu, financed by Arron Banks, a businessman, is closely linked to the UK Independance Party's leader, Nigel Farage, and focus on immigration. Vote Leave, run by Matthew Elliott, is broader based and includes UKIP's sole MP, Douglas Carswell, as well as members of others parties. It seems more likely to win official designation, not least because Mr Elliot and his colleague, Dominic Cummings are veterans of previous succesful camapaigns, including the defeat of a referendum on electoral reform in 2011 and of plans for a North-East regional assembly in 2004. RIGHT OR WRONG 5. Both sides are keen to draw lessons from previous referendums in Britain and from other countries. Among them are the view that it is important to start early, that basics concerns such as jobs and the economy weigh heavily; that there is a bias in favour of the status quo; and that, although negative messages about the other side can work, they need to be supplemented by positive ones. And ever present is the risk of a vote being hijacked by unrelated issues. Most of these lessons ought to favour the Remain side. The main business and trade union organisations support Britain's EU membership on economic grounds, as does most of the British etablishment. The status quo or inertia vote will lean towards staying in, though on this Vote Leave is trying to argue that, sine the EU is changing so fast and moving inexorably towards closer political union, the real status quo vote should be one to leave. 6. Similarly, a negative message is harder for Vote Leave to fend off. As in Scotland, it is vulnerable to the charge that is not offering a clearly thought-through alternative to EU membership. Would Britain keep full access to the single market, which takes almost half its exports? Might it, like Norway and Switzerland, have to accept most EU rules and even pay money to Brussels in return? The Leave campaign insists that, as a big economy and large market for other EU members, Britain would secure a favourable deal, but it remains vulnerable on the question of alternatives. wwww.yourcoachinbusinessenglish.com/articles/Brexit Source : The economist, Vocable du 3 au 16 Mars 2016 Vocabulary 7.mainstream : classique, traditionnel asset : atout to win, won, won over : gagner à sa cause, convaincre waverer : indécis to trumpet : vanter, claironner to dismiss : rejeter, dénigrer trivial : dérisoire, insignifiant to quit, quitted or quit : démissionner House of Commons : Chambre des Communes ( Chambre basse du Parlement britannique) on current terms : aux conditions actuelles. 8. to reckon : estimer backbench : députés de base, sans portefeuille ministériel on one's books : acquis à sa cause Grassroots Out : groupe de personnes favorable à une sortie de l'U.E intake : contingent. 9. extraneous : extérieur, externe row: querelle, polémique gamely : hardiment, crûment single currency : monnaie unique. 10. stropilly : avec aigreur to resign : démissionner the result is all to play for : le résultat du vote apparait très ouvert. wholly : entièrement Mars 2016 ALL IN? 7. Leaders of all mainstream political parties will campaign to stay in. Mr Cameron will be a formidable asset to the Remain campaign, and he will win over some waverers by trumpeting the results of his renegociation. Yet the Leave campaign has already dismissed this as '' trivial''. And it has strong political backers besides UKIP, especially in the Tory party. Mr Carmeron has conceded that cabinet ministers should be allowed to fight to leave the EU without quitting, calling for the party to remain ''harmonious''. On January 13th Chris Grayling the leader of the House of Commons, wrote in the Daily Telegraph that reamining in the EU on current terms would be ''disastrous''. Bigger hitters have so far kept quiet. Vote Leave hopes to win over between three and seven ministers. 8. A majority of Tory MPS are Eurosceptic, but many will back Mr Cameron. Steve Baker, who works with Vote Leave and runs Conservatives for Britain, reckons to have 147 backbench supporters on his books. A new group called Grassroots Out has been started by Tom Purgslove, a Eurosceptic Tory from the 2015 intake. And although the Labour leader, Jeremy Corbyn promises campaign to remain, a dozen backbench Labour MPs may fight to leave. 9. The Remain side may be the more vulnerable to extraneous events, such as renewed euro turbulence or more big rows over migration. Mr Cameron gamely insits that, being outside both the single currency and the Schengen passport-free travel zone, Britain has the best of both worlds. But whereas voters in the 1975 European referendum opted to stay in because Britain was in such a mess, many now feel the opposite. 10. And then there is the risk from unrelated issues. Danish, Dutch and French voters stroppily used referendums to punish governements. Mr Cameron says he would not resign if he lost. But voters many want to send him a message. The result is all to play for-and the campaigns may not be wholly harmonious. wwww.yourcoachinbusinessenglish.com/articles/Brexit Source : The economist, Vocable du 3 au 16 Mars 2016 Mars 2016 Thanks for reading this article.