Proceedings of the Tahiti Aquaculture Conference

Transcription

© SPC, 2012 – Cover design: Muriel Borderie –SPC Publications Section
Proceedings of the Tahiti Aquaculture
Conference
6—11 December 2010
Conference
6–11 December 2010
Compiled by
Antoine Teitelbaum and Georges Remoissenet
Secretariat of the Pacific Community (SPC)
Noumea, New Caledonia, 2012
© Copyright Secretariat of the Pacific Community (SPC), 2012
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Original text: English
Secretariat of the Pacific Community Cataloguing-in-publication data
Teitelbaum, Antoine
Proceedings of the Tahiti Aquaculture Conference: 6–11 December 2010 / compiled
by Antoine Teitelbaum and Georges Remoissenet
1. Aquaculture — Oceania.
2. Aquaculture — French Polynesia.
3. Aquaculture — management — Oceania.
I. Teitelbaum, Antoine II. Remoissenet, Georges III. Title IV. Secretariat of the
Pacific Community
639.20995
AACR2
ISBN: 978-982-00-0546-4
Cover photo: Setting up a giant clam spat collecting device in
Tatakoto lagoon, Eastern Tuamotus, French Polynesia
ii
Contents
Acronyms ........................................................................................................ iv
Acknowledgements .......................................................................................... v
1 Executive Summary .................................................................................. 1
2 INTRODUCTION: ..................................................................................... 1
3 MEETING AIM AND APPROACHES........................................................ 2
4 REGIONS ................................................................................................. 2
4.1
Background: ...................................................................................... 2
4.1.1
Aquaculture in the Pacific: .......................................................... 3
4.1.2
Aquaculture in French Overseas departments and territories ... 3
4.1.3
Aquaculture in French Polynesia ................................................ 4
4.1.4
Aquaculture in European affiliated islands.................................. 5
4.2
NATIONAL PRESENTATIONS: ........................................................ 6
5 AQUATIC ANIMAL HEALTH AND THE ENVIRONMENT ........................ 7
5.1
Context and presentations ................................................................. 7
5.2
Session summary and outputs .......................................................... 8
5.2.1
Identifying the main issues ......................................................... 8
5.2.2
Solution proposed and developed .............................................. 8
5.2.3
Outcomes ................................................................................... 9
6 CAPTURE BASED AQUACULTURE (INCLUDING PCC) ...................... 11
6.1
Context and presentations ................................................................... 11
6.2
PCC session summary and outputs ....................................................... 12
6.2.1
Identifying the main issues ....................................................... 12
6.2.2
Solution proposed developed ................................................... 12
6.2.3
Key outcomes ........................................................................... 12
7 HATCHERY BASED AQUACULTURE – MARINE FINFISH .................. 13
7.1
7.2
Hatchery session summary and outcomes ............................................. 15
7.2.1
7.2.2
Solutions proposed and developed .......................................... 15
7.2.3
Outcomes key factors ............................................................... 16
8 SHRIMP AQUACULTURE IN PICTS (and small island nations) ............ 17
8.1
8.2
Shrimp session summary and outcomes ......................................... 19
8.2.1
8.2.2
Solution proposed..................................................................... 20
8.2.3
Outcomes key factors ............................................................... 21
9 SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT AND INTERACTIONS ..... 21
9.1
Context and presentation................................................................. 21
9.2
Economic session summary and outcomes..................................... 23
10
GOVERNANCE AND AQUACULTURE .............................................. 24
10.1 Context and presentation................................................................. 24
10.2 Governance session summary and outcomes ................................. 25
11
“STUDY TOUR” .................................................................................. 26
12
GENERAL CONCLUSIONS ................................................................ 27
Appendix A
Resource persons ................................................................. 29
Appendix B
Participants list ...................................................................... 30
iii
Tables
Table 1 : current aquaculture operation in French Polynesia ........................... 5
Table 2: Aquatic animal health and the environment presentations ................. 7
Table 3: Capture based aquaculture author and presentations ..................... 11
Table 4: Hatchery based aquaculture presentations ...................................... 13
Table 5: Shrimp aquaculture in PICTs author and presentations................... 18
Table 6: Aquaculture social and economic development presentations......... 22
Table 7: Issues and solutions for economic development in tropical islands . 23
Table 8: Governance and aquaculture presentations .................................... 24
Table 9: Issues and solution for governance in aquaculture ......................... 25
Acronyms
AAHU : Australian Animal Health Unit
AUSAID : Australian Aid
BMP : Best Management Practices
CAPF : Coopérative des Aquaculteurs de Polynésie Française
CBA : Capture Based Aquaculture
CIRAD : Centre International de Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement
CNEXO : Centre National pour L’Exploitation des Océans
COP : Centre Océanographique du Pacifique
CRIOBE : Centre de Recherches Insulaires et Observatoire de l'Environnement de Polynésie
Française
DOM : Département d’Outre Mer
FP : French Polynesia
GIE : Groupement d’Interets Economiques
IFREMER : Institut français de recherche pour l’exploitation de la mer
IT : Information technology
MERIP : Marine and Environmental Research Institute of Ponhpei
NACA : Network of Aquaculture Centers of Asia
NC : New Calédonia
NFC : Northern Fisheries Center
NIWA : National Institute for Weather and Atmospheric Research (New Zealand)
NGO : Non Governmental Organisation
ODEADOM : Office de Développement de l´Economie Agricole des départements d’OutreMer
OIE : Office International des Epizooties
PCC : Post Larval Capture and Culture
PICTS : Pacific Islands Countries and Territories
PNG : Papua New Guinea
PTOM : Pays et Territoires d’Outre Mer
R&D : Research and Development
SPE : Service de la Pêche
SPC : Secretariat of the Pacific Community
SPF : Specific pathogen free
TA2010 : Tahiti Aquaculture 2010
UAOM : Union des Aquaculteurs d’Outre Mer
iv
Acknowledgements
The Service de la Peche of French Polynesia Government (SPF) and Secretariat of the Pacific
Community (SPC) would like to acknowledge and thank all the people who participated in
the Conference and/or have subsequently contributed to the Conference Proceedings.
The Tahiti Aquaculture Conference was made possible through financial assistance from the
Office of the President of the French Polynesia Government, French High Commissioner to
French Polynesia, French Pacific Fund and the EU funded CRISP Project through the
Secretariat of the Pacific Community.
Photo: Participants to the Tahiti Aquaculture 2010
v
vi
1 Executive Summary
In December 2010, 190 people from the aquaculture sectors gathered in Tahiti to attend the
Tahiti aquaculture Conference. The Conference was a was a follow up of two tropical island
aquaculture events, the Mayotte Aquaculture Meeting held in 2008 for the French Overseas
Departments and Territories by French Overseas Aquaculturalists Union (UAOM), and the
Marine Finfish Farming Workshop held at SPC for the Pacific Islands Countries and
Territories (PICTs) in 2007.
All participants who attended had an interest in or working in small tropical island
aquaculture development. Representatives were from industry managers, farmers, nongovernment organisations (NGOs) and government officials. Resource persons from larger
aquaculture regions (Europe, Asia, Australia, Americas) also attended and were able to
contribute and share in their experience in industrial or experimental farming that could
benefit the development of tropical aquaculture in small island nations.
This report is a compilation of 38 presentations that were made during the event under the
following broad themes:
(i) Hatchery-based Aquaculture (marine fish mostly),
(ii) Shrimp aquaculture,
(iii) Capture-based Aquaculture,
(iv) Economic contribution of aquaculture in small island environment
(v) Aquatic animal health and biosecurity
(vi) Governance in aquaculture.
Other resourceful information is also available throughout the report such as:
- a list of participants,
- results of specific working groups,
- conclusions and recommendations.
2
INTRODUCTION
The Tahiti Aquaculture 2010 Conference was sponsored by the Office of the President of
French Polynesia, the French High Commissioner in French Polynesia, and the Secretariat of
the Pacific Community (SPC). The event was held from the 6th to the 10th of December 2010
and brought together near 190 participants from the 3 oceans, including French Polynesia
(50 %,) the Asia-Pacific zone (30 %), and the rest of the world (20 %).
The main theme of Tahiti Aquaculture 2012 was “sustainable aquaculture production in a
tropical island setting”, comparing experiences and know-how of stakeholders in the tropical
island aquaculture sector and discuss issues affecting aquaculture in the tropical islands and
propose strategies and possible solutions for well adapted, integrated and collaborative
developments. However, while pearl farming is highly developed in French Polynesia, it was
not included in this event, avoiding an excessive focus onto this widely developed sector for
the country.
1
Other Tahiti Aquaculture 2010 partners, in addition to the principal organisers and sponsors
of the event, included Ifremer (Institut francais de recherche pour l’exploitation de la mer),
CRIOBE (Centre for Island Research and Environmental Observatory in Moorea), UAOM
(Union des Aquaculteurs de l’Outre-Mer) and its representative in French Polynesia, the
SDAPF (Syndicat des Aquaculteurs de Polynésie française), CCISM (Chamber of Commerce
and Industry, Services and Trades), the CRISP programme (Coral Reef InitiativeS for the
Pacific), AusAid (Australian Government Overseas Aid program), GIE Tahiti Tourisme and
the town councils of Arue, Taiarapu Est and Moorea. Private sponsorships were also
supporting this event devoted to sustainable development: Air Tahiti Nui, Brasserie de Tahiti,
Mana and Electricité de Tahiti.
The Tahiti Aquaculture 2010 (seminar and workshop) is a follow-up to two major events for
tropical island aquaculture:
- the second meeting on aquaculture in the French Overseas Departments and
Territories, coordinated by French Overseas Aquaculturists Union (UAOM) in
Mamoudzou (Mayotte) in December 2008. The first Meeting was held in Martinique
in 2006.
- the first Pacific-Asia Marine Finfish Mariculture Technical Workshop hosted by the
Secretariat of the Pacific Community (SPC) in Noumea (New Caledonia) in
December 2007.
This reports aims at compiling the results of the working sessions held during the conference.
It is based on the results and outcomes provided by the working groups.
3
MEETING AIM AND APPROACHES
In addition to providing updates on the aquaculture sector in each of the invited countries and
territories, the Tahiti Aquaculture 2010 seminar and workshop was an opportunity to:
 Discuss the progress made in the aquaculture sector in tropical island settings;
 Compare experiences and know-how in tropical island aquaculture;
 Facilitate a gathering of private sector in aquaculture, aquaculture specialists and
consultants, legal experts, reef environment officials and scientists as well as human
and aquatic health specialists and officials;
 Encourage discussions by all these stakeholders on the issue of aquaculture on
tropical islands. Most specifically are issues relating to the main difficulties (e.g.
transport, costs) faced but also main comparative advantages (e.g. the environment
and aquatic health) the region has so as to propose strategies and solutions for welladapted, integrated and collaborative development, within the scope of improvement
of the industry world wide.
4
REGIONS
4.1 Background
Several regions were invited to attend TA 2010. These include: the Pacific Island Countries
and Territories (PICTs) and the European and French affiliated islands. The workshop also
involved participants from Asia, Pacific and Europe.
2
4.1.1 Aquaculture in the Pacific
Due to its difference in locations, stakeholders, environments and markets, aquaculture in the
Pacific is diverse. Although through the years aquaculture in the Pacific has been mostly
dominated by pearls in value followed by shrimp and seaweed in volume, there are a range of
emerging forms of aquaculture in both fresh water and marine environment.
Commodities for stock enhancement were long studied and developed in the region, mostly
through species such as giant clams, trochus, green snail and more recently sea cucumbers.
The latter is becoming a key species for future development of aquaculture in the Pacific.
Commodities targeting mainly export food market especially shrimps have been successful
mainly in New Caledonia although Fiji, PNG, Vanuatu, Guam and Saipan have also reached
some success at domestic levels. Both Guam and Saipan have been involved in exporting
strain pathogen free (SPF) breeders to Asia. Marine finfish aquaculture (groupers etc) is
proving to be a new target for export in the Pacific islands and may hold some promises.
Live products for aquarium such as corals and giant clams sourced from both wild and
cultured are a mainstay of export in many islands. Other niche markets such as sponges,
shells, handicrafts etc. are from aquaculture derived products.
Domestic food market is best served by the culture of freshwater tilapia fish. Being a fast
growing robust species, tilapia is developed by mainly small to semi industrial scale farms
mostly in Fiji and PNG. It is a commodity that is targeted domestically mainly to address
food security purposes.
SPC takes a leading role in advocating aquaculture development in the region in partnership
with relevant government, regional and international organisations.
Cross cutting issues that are important to the region are (but not restricted to) aquatic animal
health, training, Research and Development, biosecurity, protection of the environment etc.
Seaweed in Solomon Islands
Sandfish spawning induction at College of
Micronesia in Pohnpei © Ito
4.1.2 Aquaculture in French Overseas departments and territories
Tropical aquaculture in French Overseas Departments and Territories started in Tahiti in the
70s’ at the Oceanological Centre of the Pacific (COP and AQUACOP) of the CNEXO, what
3
is now called IFREMER. During the 80s, the COP was one of the first research institutions to
reproduce in captivity and domesticate at least 4 species of shrimp and one freshwater prawn
species. This technology was transferred to other French affiliated islands such as Reunion,
Martinique, Guadeloupe, Guyane and New Caledonia. For the latter, natural conditions were
ready to begin the development of marine shrimp aquaculture, for which Litopenaeus
stylirostris has been selected as best suited to the local environment. The activity grew to
industrial scale and New Caledonia continues to export high quality shrimp to the world
market.
During the last decade, IFREMER, through its tropical fish aquaculture research program, has
been closely involved in the development of marine finfish aquaculture in the French
Overseas Departments and Territories. Intensive research from hatchery to marketing have
been undertaken for the red drum species, Sciaenops ocellatus, particularly in the French
Overseas Departments (DOM) such as Martinique, Reunion and Mayotte while the round
batfish Platax orbicularis has been the main species studied in French Polynesia. Other
species such as rabbitfish, cobia, breams are also being explored for potential development.
While some French Overseas Departments and Territories such as Mayotte, Reunion,
Guadeloupe and Martinique have now established finfish aquaculture activities, other
territories are undertaking the necessary research to achieve industry development within 2-5
years time frame. For instance batfish farming trial is currently underway in French Polynesia
and grouper/siganids farming in New Caledonia.
4.1.3 Aquaculture in French Polynesia
As host country for Tahiti Aquaculture 2010, French Polynesia (FP) was proud to show case
its latest developments in aquaculture to the Conference. Despite the success of pearl farming
as the main stay of developments in aquaculture for the country, this commodity was not in
the agenda for this conference purely for administrative reasons: the pearl industry is
managed under a separate government division, the “Service de la Perliculture” (PRL) while
other aquaculture commodities is managed under the Fisheries agency or the “Service de la
Pêche” SPE. The PRL was not involved in the hosting of the Tahiti Aquaculture 2010
Conference.
Aquaculture development in French Polynesia is classified into three main areas:
• Shrimp hatchery and farming development targeting primarily domestic markets
• Finfish hatchery and farming development targeting primarily domestic market
• And ‘reef aquaculture’ of giant clams, coral and fish targeting tourism or export
markets.
The SPE is investing its resources quite considerably in the aquaculture development sectors
for it to become viable and sustainable. For instance shrimp (L. stylirostris) and finfish (P.
orbicularis) will be produced at the VAIA hatchery and postlarvae (PLs) and fingerlings will
be distributed to farmers at an affordable cost for grow-out. Technical assistance issues are
being developed for hatchery work, farmers assistance, biosecurity and health issues,
marketing and promotion and on regulation.
The reef aquaculture sector on the other hand provides opportunities for development
targeting a range of small enterprises aiming at producing ornamental fish for the aquarium
fishery. This also involves giant clams aquaculture through setting new spat collection
techniques where spats are captured from the wild, cultured and exported to the aquarium
trade markets. Moreover, giant clam spat collection technique may offer potential to culture
clams for meat export perspectives within a few more years.
4
Table 1 summarises list of current operators in French Polynesia, all members of the CAPF
(Cooperative des Aquaculteurs de Polynésie Francaise):
Table 1: current aquaculture operation in French Polynesia
Company
Aquapac
species
Shrimp
location
Teahupoo - Tahiti
Sopomer
Aquaculture
Opunohu
Bora Bora
aquaculture
Tahiti Fish
aquaculture
Tahiti tropical fish
Bora Eco Fish
Shrimp
Shrimp
Tautira - Tahiti
Opunohu - Moorea
production
40-60t, going up to
100t
15-20t
10 – 15t up to 20t
Fish
Tautira – Tahiti
10-20t
Fish
Tautira – Tahiti
50 -80t
Reef aquaculture
Reef aquaculture
Taravao – Tahiti
Bora Bora
Tahiti Eco Clams
Tahiti Marine
Aquaculture
Reef aquaculture
Reef aquaculture
Arue - Tahiti
Papara - Tahiti
Giant clams
5 000to 10 000 fish
and invertebrates
Giant clams
Giant clams
4.1.4 Aquaculture in European affiliated islands.
There are 31 European affiliated islands in three oceans. Some of these islands have ventured
into aquaculture although it still is a very new sector for others. The island states represented
at TA 2010 include Pays et Territoires d’Outre Mer (PTOMs) such as New Caledonia, French
Polynesia, Wallis but also Mayotte, Reunion island, British Virgin Islands, Cayman Islands.
Saint Pierre et Miquelon was the only non tropical island present at the conference. Most
these islands have undergone aquaculture developments over the past decades in the areas
such as scallop culture in Saint Pierre, Red drum farming in Mayotte and Reunion as well as
conch farming and turtle ranching in Cayman Is.
Batfish culture in French Polynesia
© R. Jimmy
Giant clam culture in French Polynesia
© Georges Remoissenet
5
4.2 NATIONAL PRESENTATIONS
Session chair and rapporteurs: Robert Jimmy, Stephen yen Kai Sun, Dr. Jiansan Jia
During this Session, eighteen regional and country reports were presented by invited
participants. Key issues arising from this session were the following:
1. Sea cucumber
It appeared a number of countries were working on the development of sea cucumber
aquaculture; some have had some trials on sea cucumber done but were facing
difficulties regarding technical know-how on seed production techniques. Sea
cucumber is a very valuable and is a target product in the Asian market. As a result,
natural stocks decline is a common trend in most PICTs. Hence sea cucumbers’
aquaculture and restocking research and development (R&D) activity is increasingly
common.
2. Poor hatchery facility or lack of facility
Lack of proper facility especially hatchery facility and lack of adequate feed and seed
supply are the main constraints to the development of islands’ aquaculture. Some
participants have also expressed a lack of technical capacity available in-country to
assist in developing the private sector.
3. Effluent discharge from aquaculture
This was highlighted as an issue and there is a need for a balanced ecosystem
approach to the development in aquaculture with the natural environment.
Recirculating systems could be the way ahead, but could be costly and unfeasible for
smaller island economies for large commercial scale aquaculture operations.
Discussions on looking at using certain aquaculture commodities such as tilapia and
sea cucumber as effluent treatment for shrimp farming systems were mentioned.
4. Demand for fish and fish products
This continued to rise and the need to look at initiatives to produce fish cheaply and
that blends in well with the islanders’ lifestyle was mentioned by some speakers.
5. Capacity building and institutional strengthening within an organization in
promoting aquaculture
This was highlighted to be a major hindering factor for some countries. High turnover and trained people and technicians leaving the sector continued to be an issue
which has a greater negative impact on the development of aquaculture in smaller
island economies.
6. Tilapia fish
This was highlighted to be an important commodity for food security and the need is
expanding particularly for in-land communities.
7. Batfish
This was mentioned to be a new and promising aquaculture commodity developed by
French Polynesia (FP) for the local market, and has the potential for export to Asia in
future. The hatchery technique for batfish has been achieved and research into the
grow-out is currently underway. In FP, breeding techniques control and capacitybuilding at the national level are the main priorities to further develop any finfish
species aquaculture.
6
8. Availability of land for aquaculture
This was mentioned to be a challenge in aquaculture. Therefore focus on small scale
high valued species was considered to be important. Other issues included lack of
access to credit schemes to develop aquaculture was also highlighted.
9. Export market requirements
Due to the challenges of export market requirements, aiming firstly commodities
targeting local market was mentioned to be important.
10. Policy direction
Need for a clear policy direction supported by national management and development
plans were noted to be necessary in directing focus on development of the
aquaculture industry.
11. New initiatives
There is the continuing need to develop new initiatives to improve on the production
of major commodities such as shrimp and pearls
5
AQUATIC ANIMAL HEALTH AND THE ENVIRONMENT
Session chair and rapporteurs: Frank Berthe, Simon Wilkinson and Ingo Ernst
5.1
Context and presentations
Aquatic animal health has increasingly become an important issue in the Pacific region. Some
countries such as New Caledonia and French Polynesia are more advanced in setting up
biosecurity programs although there is a real need to improve this capacity in the region.
There are many successful examples globally that can be used and adapted to the Pacific and
other small islands regions.
During TA 2010, there was a varied range of presentations, from very technical topics such as
parasites management in fish cage farming to broader topics such as national management
strategies. Since most places in the Pacific region are only just recognizing the importance of
aquatic animal health (AAH), all presentations were relevant and useful. An AAH working
group led by Frank Berthe (OIE) and Ingo Ernst (Australian Aquatic Health Department) took
place on the margin of this Meeting and the outputs will be discussed further.
Table 2 provides a list of presentations on environmental aspects of aquaculture were also
made and given the high importance of marine fish culture during TA 2010, these were
greatly acknowledged.
Table 2 Aquatic animal health and the environment author and presentations during
TA 2010
Author
Franck C.J. Berthe
Affiliation
OIE Aquatic Animal Health
Standards Commission
Presentation title
Activities of the OIE Aquatic Animal
Health Standards Commission
Ingo Ernst
Australia DAFF
Franck C.J. Berthe
OIE Aquatic Animal Health
Standards Commission
Management of monogenean
parasites in sea-cage aquaculture
Setting Standards for Aquatic Animal
Health :The drawback of data gaps
7
Gilles Breuil, Gueguen Y, Falguiere
JC, David R, Cochennec N and
Piquemal D
IFREMER, SPE
Sanitary control of noda virus in fish
breeders reared in tropical areas
Rarahu David, Gueguen Y, Gasset E ,
Sasal P , Maamaatuaiahutapu M &
Remoissenet G
SPE, Ifremer and Croibe
Prophylaxie et biosécurité des
élevages expérimentaux de Platax
orbicularis : application à la filière
piscicole polynésienne
Ingo Ernst
Australia DAFF
Australia’s arrangements for
managing aquatic animal health:
achievements and successful
approaches
Patrick Girard and J-C Raymond
Aquaculture Veterinary
Bernard A. Thomassin (presented by
N. Seguin)
Centre d’Océanologie de
Marseille (CNRS/UMR n°
6540 « Dimar »)
CV Mohan, E. Leano and S.
Wilkinson
NACA
La réglementation sanitaire aquacole
européenne actuelle :
Pourquoi ? Comment ?
Peut-on l’adapter en système insulaire
tropical ?
Environmental impacts of the fish
farming in floating cages
in coastal seawaters and coral reef
lagoons
Promoting bio-security and aquatic
animal health management in the
Asia Pacific region-Role of NACA
5.2
5.2.1
Session summary and outputs
Identifying the main issues
Through the various presentations given during the Tahiti Aquaculture, the following issues
were identified as important: technical, human capacity and regional/international capacity.
Technically, there is the emergence of new diseases due to diversification in aquaculture that
is spreading across the region. This is often due to the lack of specific pathogen free stock
(broodstock and seeds) and protocols are not always established properly and or adequately
applied.
Human capacity remains where most improvement is needed. There is a clear isolation of
small teams and fragmentation of limited resources for aquatic animal health services. This
goes with a lack of knowledge on aquatic animal diseases and data gaps. In addition,
availability of appropriate veterinary medicines including vaccines and immunostimulants is
often missing.
Infrastructure such as adequate quarantine facilities is poor and there is limited diagnostic
capability - including high level capability (e.g. reference laboratories), proficiency testing
and appropriate reference material in most of the island nations. This causes difficulties to
also cater for contingency plans or emergencies, if outbreaks happen.
On biosecurity, there is a lack of access to technical and regulatory advice and information
(e.g. translocation of live aquatic animals, developing appropriate regulations). Risk analysis
capability often has to be outsourced, as such services and expertise are not often available incountry although many nations have urging requests to import aquatic live animals.
Internationally, there seem to be an inability to engage effectively with international forums
(e.g. OIE) along with insufficient capability to undertake surveillance work and meet
8
reporting obligations. This is often due to a lack of awareness of international standards (and
ability to meet them) and other developing issues. For instance animal welfare is a limiting
factor in developing aquatic animal health capacities in PICTs.
5.2.2
Solution proposed and developed
A range of solutions are being proposed to tackle the above issues:
a) An aquatic animal health program tailored for the region that would assist countries
to develop capabilities identified by a framework. This would be achieved through a
regional aquatic animal health framework that reflects country needs.
b) Provision of training across a range of disciplines (e.g. awareness training for early
detection of pathogens by producers, risk analysis)
c) Network available resources and expertise and provide access to shared facilities (e.g.
regional resource hubs for quarantine). This would also include the development of
an information portal where a broad range of information would be available and
accessible to PICTs.
5.2.3
Outcomes
During Tahiti aquaculture, the aquatic animal health working group developed a concept note
for a technical cooperation project as a first step to implementing the above solutions. The
concept note for a larger project is proposed for:
- The development a regional aquatic animal health framework
- The establishment of a regional aquatic animal health program to facilitate coordination and
networking
- The construction of facilities to assist networking e.g. IT systems
- The implementation of training activities addressing elements identified in a proposed
regional framework
Development of a concept note for strengthening aquatic animal health
management capabilities in Pacific Island Countries and Territories.
Need
Aquaculture is being targeted as opportunities for economic and socio-economic
development, with new activities being pursued throughout the region. Aquatic animal
diseases are a significant threat to the sustainability and productivity of aquaculture. By not
being able to meet international sanitary standards, trade opportunities may be lost. These
threats are increasing with the diversification of aquaculture, emergence of new diseases, and
the risk of transboundary diseases spreading.
Pacific Islands face significant challenges in implementing effective aquatic animal disease
management arrangements because resources and expertise is lacking and fragmented. Key
program elements such as diagnostic capability, surveillance, disease reporting, risk analysis
and contingency planning are either under-developed or totally absent. Guidance to develop
programs is not available or not provided in a coordinated manner to meet the common needs
of PICTs.
9
Arrangements for managing aquatic animal diseases on Pacific Islands are clearly insufficient
to meet current and future needs. The region was first introduced to the basics of risk analysis
and its application to aquaculture in 2007 during the regional workshop on Implementing the
Ecosystem Approach to Coastal Fisheries and Aquaculture and Aquatic Biosecurity organized
by the Secretariat of the Pacific Community (SPC) and supported by FAO. Since then, several
national workshops were held in 2008 (TCP/MAS/3101), 2009 (TCP/RAS/3101), and 2010
(TCP/MIC/3201) 1. In June 2010, SPC organised a regional workshop to train appropriate
fisheries, quarantine and animal health staff in using the OIE information system and animal
health reporting procedures. However, previous efforts to improve capabilities have been on
an ad hoc basis and at an insufficient scale to make lasting and significant impacts regionally.
Recently, PICTs have expressed interest for biosecurity at the 5th FAO COFI Sub-Committee
on Aquaculture, COFI/AQ 2 . PICTs will be incapable of managing aquatic animal health
effectively and supporting sustainable aquaculture development without a coordinated
regional approach to aquatic animal health management. Lost development opportunities and
potentially devastating social and economic consequences are possible consequences of
inaction.
Approach
PICTs are often geographically isolated, have limited availability of specialist expertise and
resources, and have limited prospects to develop specialist capability across multiple
disciplines. These circumstances require a regional approach to aquatic animal health that
would assist PICTs to build their aquatic animal health management capabilities in a
coordinated and efficient manner.
A first step in developing a regional program would aim at evaluating biosecurity
performance and needs of each individual country in the context of its national aquaculture
profile. A regional workshop could be used to provide more clarity and better understanding
of key biosecurity concepts that would be used to build consensus on key priority elements
for a regional program, and develop a demand driven regional proposal to be submitted to a
potential donor, e.g. FAO.
Objectives
This project will enhance the capability of PICTs to manage the risks to the biosecurity of
fisheries and aquaculture industries, particularly those related to trade and impacting on the
poor. This will be achieved through the following objectives:
1. Development of a regional framework that will identify the common elements
required to build regional capability in aquatic animal health management. The
framework will outline the strategic approach to capability development, and guide
individual PICT efforts to improve capability in a staged manner that is appropriate to
their individual needs.
2. Development of an ongoing regional aquatic animal health program that will assist
PICTs to implement components of the regional framework. The program will
coordinate capacity building activities and drive networking of expertise and
resources. The program should be permanently staffed and responsible for continuing
coordination and networking activities following conclusion of the project.
3. Provision of a series of training activities for regional personnel to build technical
knowledge and expertise for specific capabilities identified within the regional
framework. The capabilities would be agreed through the regional framework but are
1
http://www.fao.org/docrep/012/al363e/al363e09.pdf
2
http://www.fao.org/docrep/meeting/019/k7580e.pdf
10
likely to include elements such as diagnostics, surveillance, epidemiology, disease
reporting, and risk analysis.
4. Establishing mechanisms to enable networking of fragmented resources and expertise
and to provide access to information. Internet based technologies would be
established to allow better access to, and utilization of, specialist resources within the
region.
Consultation
This concept note was developed as an outcome of the Tahiti Aquaculture 2010 Sustainable
Aquaculture on Tropical Islands conference.
6
CAPTURE BASED AQUACULTURE (INCLUDING PCC)
Session rapporteurs: Simon Ellis and Martha Zarain Herzberg
6.1
Capture based aquaculture (CBA) is rather an ‘old’ form of aquaculture. In the region, pearl
oysters and milkfish aquaculture are some success stories of this type of aquaculture based on
eco friendly collection of juveniles and on-growing them. In French Polynesia, in particular,
the collection of reef animals at their post larval stages have interested public authorities and
private sector for over a decade.
Because this is still a topic of interest for diversification in aquaculture, a specific session was
held on this topic. This form of aquaculture have been conducted at research level for many
years now and seem to evolve towards niche markets for example enhancement of artificial
lagoon and/or touristic sites using eco friendly collection methods and tank raised fish in Bora
Bora.
TA 2010 working group has reviewed CBA activities in general and PCC in particular
through the following presentations in Table 3.
Table 3: Capture based aquaculture author and presentations during TA 2010
Author
Eric Clua, Lecchini D.,
Galzin R.
Affiliation
CRISP
Presentation title
Developing efficiency of capture and
culture methods of coral reef fish larvae
René Galzin
EPHE
Scientific knowledge of post larval capture
and culture (PCC)
R. Santos, Brié C.,
Chevalier F., Remoissenet
G., Lecchini D.
CRIOBE
Development of mantis shrimps
(Lysiosquillina maculata and Lysiosquillina
sulcata)sustainable exploitation
from capture and culture of post-larvae
Richard Xie
Hawaiian
Sealife Inc.
Marine ornamentals trends,
wild Captured & PCC
11
6.2
6.2.1
PCC session summary and outputs
It has often been said that PCC has the potential to sustainably supply seed stock for food and
ornamental farming and for stock enhancement. However, this has yet to be proven
economically in any place (except classic capture based aquaculture and/or bivalves spat
collection), further work might still be needed. It seems that this technique is now focusing on
niche market, and is providing some results.
One of the major limitations to Reef fish PCC is that current techniques do not capture all
species and supply of species is sporadic and unpredictable. Many of the species captured do
not have high commercial value in the marine oranamentals market, and the profusely
captured post-larvae are mostly not able to be used for aquaculture for food.
From a marketing point of view, it is hard to sell species raised through PCC techniques since
existing capture fisheries or hatchery production are more consistent and in many cases more
economical than PCC methods.
6.2.2
Solution proposed developed
Below is a range of suggestions of interest to stimulate PCC activities:
a/ Passive techniques for reef fish PCC (light traps and crest nets) have been developed and
tested for some years. The underlying fundamentals of PCC are understood and it is
supposedly sustainable.
b/ New active capture techniques that can yield higher numbers and different species of
animals need to be tested for efficiency and sustainability. Light and sound attractions of
larvae need to be explored for sustainability. And further classic techniques may be used or
strengthened to target high valued commodities such as spat collection of bivalves, pueruli
collection of rock lobsters.
c/ Markets need to be developed that target cluster or groups of farmers more amenable to
PCC products such as young aquarists or community farmers who might grow a variety of
species. As it is, PCC techniques targeting ‘traditional’ aquarium market isn’t competitive.
Niche markets need to be explored but it is likely PCC would not progress to large scale
developments.
6.2.3
Key outcomes
The key outcomes of the PCC Working Group were:
- Commercialization of PCC products is the most stringent priority.
- More research might be necessary to test active capture techniques or collection aquatic
species that have commercial value.
- Capture based aquaculture (in general) has already proved its socio-economic efficiency and
has some potential to assist in community-based fisheries and food security especially in
developing countries.
12
Light trap © E. Clua
7
HATCHERY BASED AQUACULTURE – MARINE FINFISH
Session chairs and rapporteurs: Anthony Ostrowski, Tim Pickering
7.1
Hatchery based aquaculture is without doubt the way forward to fish aquaculture in Pacific
and other small island regions. Several countries in the Pacific now have fish hatcheries and
/or a national marine fish development program. These include French Polynesia, New
Caledonia and Palau. Other participating countries attending Tahiti Aquaculture conference
such as Reunion island, Mayotte, Martinique (all small island territories) with similar
constraints have relatively developed marine finfish aquaculture sectors, including hatcheries.
The NFC of Australia, also present at TA 2010 exposed its grouper project. Those fish are
well known in the Pacific region and definitely species of interest.
During Tahiti Aquaculture workshop, there was a lot of interest in hatchery based fish
farming development. In Tahiti, there is a national finfish development program that aims at
developing medium scale local fish farming (round batfish) to supply local market. A lot of
presentations were on the batfish project while experiences and knowledge on other species
such as grouper, rabbitfish and milkfish were also shared during the Conference.
Table 4: Hatchery based aquaculture author and presentations during TA 2010
Author
Anthony C. Ostrowski
Affiliation
Oceanic Institute
Presentation title
Sustainable Aquaculture in
Hawai’i, USA as an Example
for its Affiliated Island Nations
in the Pacific Region
Denis Covès, Falguière J-C,
Gasset E., Breuil G.,
Knockaert C., Cahu C.,
Fauvel C., Girard S.
IFREMER
Ifremer R&D project for a
sustainable marine finfish
aquaculture in French overseas
territories
Philippe Cacot
CIRAD
Success story : the panga
farming in the Mekong Delta,
Viet Nam
13
Jean-Claude Falguière,
Haffray P. and UAOM
IFREMER
Gestion génétique d’un poisson
marin d’intérêt aquacole dans
l’outre-mer français : Le cas de
l’ombrine ocellée (Sciaenops
ocellatus)
Christian Fauvel, Falguière JC, Dutto G. and Suquet M.
IFREMER
Eric Gasset, Covès D.
IFREMER
Reproduction control of captive
fish, up to date gamete
management and perspectives
for sustainable aquaculture
Démarche d’acquisition de
connaissances et de savoir-faire
consolidés transférables en
diversification. Exemple du
Platax ou Paraha peue (Platax
orbicularis) en Polynésie
française
Chantal Cahu, Petton B. ,
Falguière J-C,
Gasset E., Zambonino J.,
Mazurais D., Covès D.
(presented by Y. Guegen)
IFREMER
Philippe Cacot
CIRAD
Project proposal: feasibility
study of the Integrated MultiTrophic Aquaculture (IMTA) in
the tropical and coastal
conditions
Camille Knockaert, Covès D.,
Falguière J-C, Gasset E.
IFREMER
Richard M. Knuckey, Berding
A., Harper D.
Richard M. Knuckey
Northern Fisheries Center
Moana Maamaatuaiahutapu
SPE
Anthony C. Ostrowski
Oceanic Institute
Maîtrise de la qualité en
aquaculture tropicale:
exemples de l’Ombrine ocellée
(Sciaenops ocellatus)
et du Paraha peue (Platax
orbicularis)
Live Feeds Production for
Tropical Marine Finfish Larvae
Grouper aquaculture in
Australia
Accompagnement de la filière
piscicole marine en Polynésie
française : l’exemple du Paraha
Peue (Platax orbicularis)
Development of Pacific
Threadfin (Polydactylus sexfilis)
hatchery methods in Hawai’i,
USA
Alexis Ragot, Parry O.
Ecloserie Nord Caraïbes
Sevrage précoce de l’Ombrine
Ocellée (Scianops ocellatus) en
condition de production à
l’écloserie artisanale du Carbet
en Martinique: Comparaison
entre deux aliments
Microgemma (Skretting) et
Otohimé (Reed Mariculture)
Percy Rechelluul
Bureau of Marine resources
Hatchery based aquaculture in
Palau
Recent results on influence of
nutrients on fish larvae
development.
NFC
14
B. Husson et Trichereau J.
IDEE aquaculture
Optimisation de la gestion d’une
écloserie: de la conception à la
gestion technique
Philip S. Heath
NIWA
A pathway to sustainable
aquaculture in New Zealand
Masahiro Ito, Hagilmai M.,
Halverson B., Maluwelgiye C.
and Smith J.
College of Micronesia
Hatchery-Based Aquaculture of
the Sea Cucumber Holothuria
scabra in the Federated States
of Micronesia
7.2
7.2.1
Hatchery session summary and outcomes
There were numerous issues identified during TA 2010 which focused mostly on technical
aspects.
It was stressed during the Meeting that there is now an urging need for the development of a
Pacific species development and domestication program. Examples from outside the Pacific
region showed mainly large-scale research such as on red drum and grouper species while in
the Pacific region it is the opposite: that there are many small-scale research on many species
of finfish.
In many areas within and outside the Pacific region, genetic management of brood stock and
gamete supply and management are important, and resource need to be allocated to fulfill
these tasks. Also, as for many species, hatchery work is a long-term effort, early larval
feeding, survival and growth improvement are key factors affecting marine finfish farming.
Efficient use of resources and environmental impact are fundamental where the sector is
developing and must be addressed. Product quality has to be controlled and not left out until
the last minute.
Finally, appropriate hatchery design adapted to sites and constraints inherent to the region
must be developed and accessible.
7.2.2
Solutions proposed and developed
Out of the five priority issues identified during TA 2010, a range of solutions were proposed
to address each issue.
a/ New species development and domestication.
New species should be selected based on: growth rate, hardiness, reproductive potential,
market, social aspects, and also biodiversity preservation/conservation. Domestication is a
highly important issue that must be considered during species selection. For example, species
from Siganids family are likely to be easily domesticated as opposed to giant grouper
(depending on the type of facility operated).
b/ Gamete supply and management, genetic management of broodstock:
15
Both controlled natural spawning or artificial insemination have to be achieved according to
the species and the facilities operated. Stock performance can be improved by reducing
inbreeding and selecting stock for economic and marketable traits (growth, disease resistance,
etc.) In the Pacific Islands, access to wild broodstock to renew genetics stock can be an asset.
c/ Early larval feeding, survival and growth:
Establish appropriate live, formulated, or combo feed regimens are highly important for
culturing any marine fish species. Early larval feeding is a bottleneck to the production of
many reef finfish species.
d/ Product quality control, efficient use of resources (protein) and environmental impact:
Maintain marketable nutritional profiles (human health), organoleptic, and other physical
characteristics of harvested product.
Adopt Integrated multi-trophic level aquaculture (IMTA) vs. monoculture when possible.
Although this is a relatively new concept that is mostly known to freshwater application, there
are some marine examples from Asia and there are some very good prospects from places
such as PICTs.
e/ Hatchery design:
Strive for stabilized systems that can produce consistently over the long-haul (avoid trying to
maximize production leading to peaks and troughs)
Hatchery does not need to be expensive nor complicated. A tool that can be adapted to the
culture species and that offer some versatility is ideal. Hygiene and protocol are the most
stringing issues.
7.2.3
Outcomes key factors
a. New species development/domestication
- 1 kg< 1 yr;
- Tolerance to low oxygen;
- High fecundity and multiple spawns,
- Knowledge of nutritional requirements
- Use local ingredients/local feed production,
- Identify markets first and acceptance of practices,
- Diversify species to preserve market
- Use of local ingredients/ local feed production.
b. Early larval feeding, survival, and growth
- Knowledge of nutritional requirements,
- Live prey preferences and culture methods,
- Adaptability to formulated feeding regimens
c. Genetic management of broodstock and gamete supply/management
- Knowledge of the genetic make-up of founder stocks,
- Breeding and reproductive cycles,
- Plan for insertion of new genetic material (pedigree analysis, SPF
designation)
- Desirable marketable traits and sectors
16
-
knowledge of reproductive cycle and environmental factors to ensure
high sperm and egg quality
d. Controlling product quality and efficient use of resources (protein) and environmental
impact
- Encourage BMPs that reduce stress prior to harvest and develop postharvesting processing methods that preserve flesh quality and animal
presentation (if sold whole)
- Knowledge of targeted species and impact on nitrogen (and
phosphorus) utilization and integration with system and co-products
e. Hatchery design
- Conduct a proper site evaluation of local conditions (climate,
hydrological, bacterial, etc.),
- Tailor protocols to site and species chosen, and
- Give time for adaptation to occur (2-3 years if technology already
controlled)
Batfish Platax orbicularis in French Polynesia
©Moana Maamaatuaiahutapu
8
Batfish cage culture system in French
Polynesia © R. Jimmy
SHRIMP AQUACULTURE IN PICTS (and small island nations)
Chairs and rapporteurs Dr. Tim Pickering, Jacky Patrois, Addison Lawrence and Richard
Xie
8.1
Shrimp farming is not new to the Pacific, although it sometimes seems paradoxical to develop
shrimp aquaculture where there is little land mass and flat shore areas but a number of islands
have appropriate shrimp farming sites coupled with low disease problem and access to
pristine water quality.
In Pacific Islands and small tropical islands in general, the objectives behind shrimp
aquaculture are as follows:
 Profitability and economic impact
 Import substitution - reduced fiscal leakage
 Tap into an established global commodity market
 Maintenance of bio-sanitary status – avoid disease risks from imports
 Employment – provide rural livelihoods
17
 Social issues – maintain traditional lifestyles
 Technology development – a springboard to diversification into other species
 Food security and Crustacean resources preservation
There has been great success in shrimp farming in PICTs and New Caledonia (NC) is the best
example. Thanks to its land mass and the technology it has developed, shrimps are the second
commodity export market from NC, after nickel. Of course the industry has a range of issues
and it seems that other small island nations are taking the route of a smaller domestically
oriented shrimp industry than can supply markets such as tourism, or pathogen free
broodstock for export.
Shrimp farming potential is still untapped for most islands and technology is now becoming
available to broaden up the scope of sites that can be used, including lagoons through cage
farming. Hatchery techniques through innovative concepts such as bioflocs are becoming
more and more effective, and this is all leaning towards the development of small islands’
shrimp industry.
Shrimp culture in New Caledonia © C. Marty
Table 5: Shrimp aquaculture in PICTs author and presentations during TA 2010
Author
Jean Goguenheim
Affiliation
IFREMER
Presentation title
Confirmation de la technique
d’élevage en floc
pour la production de
géniteurs de Litopenaeus
stylirostris
en captivité en Polynésie
française.
David Kawahigashi
(presented by J. Patrois)
Vannamei 101
Addison L. Lawrence and
Patnaik S.
Texas A&M University
System
Key Points Driving
Sustainable Shrimp Farming
in Thailand
Super intensive shrimp
production of 10 to 25
kg/m3/crop obtained :
indoor commercial farming
of shrimp now a reality
18
Addison L. Lawrence,
Kuhn D. D., Patnaik S.
Boradman G. D., Marsh L.,
Flick G. J. Jr
Jacques Patrois
Texas A&M University
System
Martha Zarain-Herzberg
Cientro de Ciencias de
Sinaloa
IFREMER/SPC
Understanding why bioflocs
replacement of fish meal in
feeds
increase shrimp growth
In Search of a Future for
Shrimp Culture in the Pacific
Islands
Advances and challenges of
shrimp cultivation
in floating cages in Mexico
8.2 Shrimp session summary and outcomes
8.2.1 Identifying the main issues
Below is a list of major issues and strategies proposed :
a. Genetic management of broodstock
- Improve stock performance by reducing inbreeding and selecting for economic and
marketable traits (growth, disease resistance, etc.)
- Knowledge of the genetic make-up of founder stocks, breeding and reproductive cycles,
plan for insertion of new genetic material (pedigree analysis, SPF designation?), and desirable
marketable traits and sectors
b. Controlling product quality
- Maintain marketable nutritional profiles (human health), organoleptic, and other
physical characteristics of harvested product
- Encourage BMPs that reduce stress prior to harvest and develop post-harvesting
processing methods that preserve flesh quality and animal presentation (if sold whole)
c. Hatchery design
- Strive for stabilized systems that can produce consistently over the long-haul (avoid
trying to maximize production leading to peaks and troughs)
- Conduct a proper site evaluation of local conditions (climate, hydrological, bacterial,
etc.), tailor protocols to site and species chosen, and give time for adaptation to occur (2-3
years)
19
The shrimp working group established during TA 2010 was able to gather people from varied background:
officials, researchers, technical assistants and producers. There are many different aspirations to shrimp
farming but overall (and with the exception of New Caledonia), PICTs have similar objectives: small to
medium scale size farms targeting domestic market as a priority to substitute exports and working with
species that are safe (no risk of introducing pathogens) and adapted to specific PICTs culture methods.
There was too little time allocated during TA 2010 to find a blanket solution that fit it all but a range of
questions, specific to PICTs, were raised and are to be taken in consideration when developing shrimp
farming.
-
Are we targeting local consumption, or export?
Are our land, water, and generally farming areas appropriate? If yes for what farming intensity or
scale?
What species shall we get into?
What is our local capacity, technical availability in country and where to tap in for expertise
outside the region?
What is the policy on introduction of exotic species – yes, or no?
What is the environmental impact of ‘modern’ shrimp farming on our fragile ecosystems?
Are our infrastructures sufficient and available? (airports roads, electricity)
Is our country interesting for foreign investment policy and our business climate appropriate?
Is feed source an issue? Where is it available?
Is local seed stock source, quality and supply available or must we import it?
What is the animal health and bio-security status in country?
These questions were discussed thoroughly during the shrimp working group. Although there is no
immediate answer as they heavily depend on each specific context, TA 2010 has allowed regional and
international shrimp experts to form a shrimp farming workforce that can be tapped into to better guide
shrimp farming in small island nations.
After TA 2010, a shrimp SPC review was finalized and is available online at www.spc.int./aquaculture. It
is a useful reference document that can assist PICTs and other small island nations while developing their
shrimp industry.
8.2.2 Solution proposed
 Develop bio-floc as a nutritious alternative to supplement or replace fishmeal, either
directly in the culture system or indirectly as an ingredient in feed formulations
 Investigate alternative shrimp culture systems that use the natural environment, rather
than require acquisition of land and construction of ponds and pumping systems (eg :
shrimp cage culture R&D promises)
 Set up a proper domestication and genetic selection program for shrimp in order to
improve key agronomic traits
 Review PICTs shrimp aquaculture and identify any commonality of issues and
constraints
 Identify options to provide solutions to these issues and constraints
 Identify the key factors that need to be taken into account to reach a decision about
the best options
 Make this information available as advice to PICT governments and investors
20
8.2.3 Outcomes key factors
 Bio-floc is “good stuff” nutritionally, that can be cultured, manipulated and processed
in ways that make it a high-quality protein source with acceptable amino-acid profile,
including levels of the limiting amino-acids for shrimp.
 Bio-floc can enhance shrimp farm performances
 Bio-floc can also enhance shrimp reproduction, through increased fecundity and egg
quality
 Shrimp cage culture is reaching a level of refinement whereby it can become viable
as a part-time low-cost livelihood for marginalized coastal communities or
households with access to sheltered waters of high water-quality.
 With a proper genetic selection and domestication program, tremendous advances are
now being made in terms of growth, survival, disease and stress resistance, and this is
just the “tip of the iceberg”.
 PICT shrimp industries are either in their infancy or face serious problems including
competition with imports, insufficient seed supply, lax biosecurity, feed quality and
cost, and lack of technical capacity.
9
AQUACULTURE’S SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC
DEVELOPMENT AND INTERACTIONS WITH FISHERIES
ON TROPICAL ISLANDS
Chairs and rapporteurs: Emmanuel Bovy and Simon Wilkinson
9.1 Context and presentation
Although this is a broad topic covering many different areas, a small number of selected
presentations were given during this session. Social and economic impacts in aquaculture are
numerous and often hard to measure. However a wide range of ‘non-conservative’ form of
aquaculture development have been developed and are now available to offer a source of
livelihood in small island nations. For example, inland aquaculture is one of the highlights of
local aquaculture development in the Pacific.
Generally, diversification in aquaculture in small island nations leads to some success stories
that are worth reporting as models. The presentation in this theme based on different topic and
provided insights on actions conducted at regional (e.g. SPC program on Inland aquaculture)
and national levels (e.g. New Caledonia). Marine aquarium trade for exports was also used as
an example of an activity that provide economic contribution at local level.
Table 6 summarizes the different presentations made in the social and economic development
and interaction session.
21
Table 6: Aquaculture social and economic development, author and presentations
during TA 2010
Author
Tim Pickering
Affiliation
SPC
Presentation title
Current priorities and emerging
trends for inland aquaculture in
the Pacific island countries and
territories
Simon Ellis
MERIP
Jean-Paul Blancheton, Covès
D., René F., Lazard J., Chia
E., Mikolasek O., Clément O.,
Aubin J., Legendre M.,
Caruso D., Rey-Valette H.,
Mathe S.
(Presented by Densi Coves)
IFREMER
From reef to aquarium:
transportation of marine
ornamental organisms –
techniques, constraints and
improved methods
The EVAD approach:
assessment of the sustainability
of aquaculture production
systems
Herlé Goraguer, Goulletquer
P., Caisey X., Lazure P.,
Lajournade M., Lunven M.,
Robert S., Rodriguez J.
IFREMER
Développement de l’aquaculture
à Saint-Pierre et Miquelon : le
cas d’étude de la pectiniculture approche et méthodologie
Alex Mendo Meloty and
Sylvester D. Jr
Ministry of Fisheries and
Marine Resources, Solomon
Islands
Seaweed farming Solomon
island economic potential
Antoine Teitelbaum, Jimmy
R., Pickering T., Ponia B.
SPC
Marine aquaculture in Oceania :
SPC’s role and ways towards
sustainable development
Claire Marty and T.
Requillart
DDEE, Province Nord de
Nouvelle Calédonie
Diversification aquacole en
Nouvelle-Calédonie :
panorama actuel et perspectives
Scallop culture in New Caledonia © Claire Marty
22
9.2 Economic session summary and outcomes
Although this topic is less technical than previous ones., it raised a whole range of cross
cutting issues inherent to aquaculture development in the Pacific. For this particular point the
table below compiles major issues, solutions proposed and key factors for success.
Table 7 Issues and solutions for economic development in tropical islands
Context / Main issues
Solutions developed / proposed
Outcomes / Key factors of success
Food security : widening 'fish gap'
has to come from aquaculture
- Production of lower trophic fish
(tilapia, milkfish, Macrob spp etc).
- Higher focus on inland aquaculture
and aquaponics : to the door of local
communities
- Increased inshore fish production
through inshore FADs
- Increase local landings of fisheries
catch (as opposed to exporting them)
- Create job opportunities (income) as a
measure to increase food security
- Offset shrimp imports through local
production
- Improved Livelihoods
- Import substitutions
- Improved earnings
Too much reliance on subsidies.
Lack of farmers involvement
Promote entrepreneurship as alternative
to industry subsidies
Many highly motivated private
companies (entrepreneurship)
Biosecurity and aquatic animal health
capacity is weak
Disconnect between food security
and biosecurity dialogues
Strengthen capacity in biosecurity and
aquatic animal health
Implement a regional biosecurity
program
Not many indigenous species suitable
for inland aqua production
Much untapped potential for
aquaculture with local species
Risks linked to increasing farming of
“alien” species
More long term research and
development on indigenous candidate
species for inland aquaculture
Government investment in long
term R&D
Complex chain of custody from
collection through to retail and
limitations on freight capacity
Losses at collection are high:
inconsistent handling practices lead
to mortalities
Train collectors and handlers to handle
the animals gently and in line with best
practice. Communicate on Certification
and training on best practice available.
Reduced animal stress and damage
prior to transport.
Competition with fishing sector on
resource and market
Little knowledge on recruitment and
collection of spat
- Better communication and
involvement of fishermen (collection of
seed and broodstock)
- External partnership: exchange of
knowledge with countries that have
collection techniques
23
Seed and feed are a growing
constraint
- Development of hatcheries
- Investment in training and capacity
building
- Add medium scale enterprise stratum
to industry
- Look at collection by fishermen
Pacific is least-aquaculture developed
region
Improve collation of statistics as
indicators of progress
Liaise with other global
organisation such as FAO to
alleviate this
10 GOVERNANCE AND AQUACULTURE IN SMALL
TROPICAL ISLANDS
Chairs and rapporteurs: Phillipe Cacot and René Galzin
10.1 Context and presentation
Few presentations on governance were made at TA 2010 and it set the scene for sustainable
development of aquaculture in small tropical islands. The key issues and solutions identified
during this Session were compiled into Table 8 and summarised in this report.
Table 8: Governance and aquaculture in small island nations author and presentations
during TA 2010
Author
Simon Wilkinson
Affiliation
NACA
Presentation
Current priorities and emerging
trends for inland aquaculture
CV Mohan and Sena De Silva
NACA
Linking small scale farmers to
modern markets through adoption
of better management practices
(BMPs) and cluster management
approach-NACA experience.
Simon Ellis
MERIP
Advantages and Constraints to
Development of Sustainable
Aquaculture in the Pacific Islands
and its Role in Livelihoods,
Development and Conservation.
Emmanuelle Bovy
South Australia Fisheries
department
Model of aquaculture management
in Southern Australia
Tamaoa Bambridge
CRIOBE
Marine tenure and property rights
in ancestral Polynesia
Paul C. Southgate and Hair C.
(presented by A. Teitelbaum)
James Cook university
Developing Aquaculture Based
Livelihoods in the Pacific Islands
region and northern Australia.
24
10.2 Governance session summary and outcomes
The issues and proposed solutions discussed during the Governance Session are
summarised in Table 9.
Table 9: Issues and solution for governance of aquaculture in small tropical islands
•
•
•
•
•
•
Main issues context
Aquaculture is a growing sector in •
a region showing:
(1) opportunities (sites,
markets, species, background) and
(2) willingness for the
administration to promote this
•
sector (economical and social
development),
(3) awareness and willingness
•
to protect the environment.
There is an ongoing process of
regulation of the capture fisheries.
The small scale fishing is from far
the main source of fish for the
locals.
The small scale fishing is based on
local tenure inherited from the
combination of ancient knowledge
on the environment (species,
location and timing) and knowhow on its exploitation.
The sustainability aquaculture system
is becoming a major issue for various
aspects.
•
The climate change is affecting
the marine environment (rise of
temperature, water acidification,
Solutions proposed
Determination of the lease
based on zoning with a risk
assessment based on biosecurity
and compatibility with the other
local activities.
The requests can be approved
if options for impact mitigation
are proposed and implemented by
the aquaculture contractor.
Possible evolution of the
lease: given for 20 years
renewable.
• The local tenure should be taken
into account for the determination
of the official fishing regulation.
• First of all, the local practices
should be studied in terms of
tenure and other aspects related to
the fisheries management. Besides
few ethnologic studies, the local
practices remained indeed poorly
described.
• The approach related to the
determination of the “ZPR” (Zone
de Pêche Protégée – Fish
Conservation Zone) has been
implemented once. This should be
repeated.
• A particular approach has been
tested in 5 locations showing very
different aquaculture systems and
context. They differed in terms of
type of environment (continental
& marine), degree of
intensification and current
regulation of the sector.
• The approach is characterized by
the mainstay, the principle, the
criteria and the indicator (system
and territory).
• The process is important: the
preparation, the selection of the
criteria and the validation of the
findings.
• Proper evaluation of the current
situation and the expected
impacts.
25
•
•
•
•
Key factors of success
The practical regulation is
flexible and adapted to each
situation.
The administration is in
charge of a global environmental
monitoring program.
While making use of the local
tenure, the official fishing
regulation will fit with the local
practices (acceptability) while
making use of the local knowledge
(saving considerable efforts).
The concept of “affordance”
applied to the lagoon is relevant. It
includes “material” aspects (food
safety, livelihood) and spiritual
consideration (popular belief). The
latest appears to be important for
the sustainable fishing regulation.
•
•
Multi-component and
participatory approach.
Raising the awareness of both the
local population and the NGOs
and other concerned stakeholders.
•
more storm and more drought)
hence the fisheries resources..
The insular population is
threatened since the fishing is the
main livelihood.
•
•
Reduce the current pressure put on
•
the natural resources.
Diversification of the livelihoods.
•
The continental aquaculture is
proposed as an interesting option
since there will be more rainfall.
•
All could adapt to the changes.
Implementation of the fisheries
management.
Regional approach (ex: evolution
of the tuna fishing)
The small scale aquaculture will
suffer from the severe drought.
11 “STUDY TOUR”
During the conference, participants were offered the chance to visit various aquaculture
institutions in Tahiti:
Government’s VAIA hatchery targeting the production of finfish and shrimps: This
production center has taken place close to IFREMER facility and is nearby IFREMER and
SPE R&D teams. At the time of the visit, the center was being built and there was no
production yet. There are two biosecurity buildings aiming at producing finfish fingerlings
and shrimp post-larvae.
Vairao IFREMER research center: IFREMER has long been in French Polynesia, the research
center has strongly contributed to aquaculture development, traditionally focusing on shrimp
aquaculture, the center is now focused on pearl culture research, and it has diversified
recently to finfish aquaculture (one of the national priority species) and is working in
partnership with SPE to develop sound protocols and biosecurity measures to produce these
commodities sustainably.
Tautira cage farm set up for paraha peue : this visit led the group to a small scale, pilot farm
where participants could see different stages of cultured round batfish, the Tahitian reef fish
delicacy. It is amazing to see how this species can adapt to cage farming, with great
schooling behaviors and low stress. This visit showed how promising cage farming of batfish
is.
Tautira shrimp farm: This small farm grow some blue shrimp Litopenaeus stylirostris since
this is the only species cultured in FP. All production goes to the local market where demand
from hotels is high and consistent. A recent health regulation that no crude crustacean from
countries infected by OIE listed diseases was allowed for import in French Polynesia is likely
to strongly boost the investment in shrimp industry.
CRIOBE research center in Moorea was also visited at the end of the workshop just after a
stop at nearby Opunohu shrimp farm. CRIOBE has developed research on tropical and reef
organisms for 40 years now. The study tour was an opportunity to look at some post-larvae
collection tools, some glass eels just been collected, and some coral research.
26
Site visit to Batfish farm in French Polynesia © R. Jimmy
12 GENERAL CONCLUSIONS
Overall, Eighteen Island Countries and Territories gave presentations on the current situation
and future prospects of their respective aquaculture activities. Seven prominent aquaculture
experts presented existing issues and prospects, and their own aquaculture-related
experiences, particularly in an island setting.
Moreover, thirty eight oral communications and sixteen posters were presented on the five
tropical island aquaculture-related topics and overviews of each topic were given by the
chairpersons and moderators of the sessions.
The workshop on aquaculture and aquatic animal health yielded a number of
recommendations and, in particular, proposed the launch of a programme to build capacity in
aquatic animal health management in Pacific Island countries and areas. A document was
drafted on the subject by Doctor Franck BERTHE (Secretary General of the Aquatic Animal
Health Commission of the World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE)) and Doctor Ingo
ERNST (Officer in charge of the Aquatic Animal Health Unit (AAHU) of the Australian
Federal Government’s Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry). This document is
to be submitted at the SPC Seventh Heads of Fisheries Meeting in Noumea in February 2011.
The workshop on shrimp farming on tropical islands began developing the broad outlines of a
decision support tool for developing shrimp farming on tropical islands. Under the leadership
of Dr Tim PICKERING of the SPC, a core group was tasked with finalizing the document.
The Conference provided an opportunity for participants to undertake field visits to Tahiti
Peninsula (shrimp farm and fish farm, fish farm laboratories, Ifremer-Fisheries Department’s
shrimp farming and aquaculture health activities, Centre Technique Aquacole VAIA, site of
new hatcheries under construction) and to Moorea Island (shrimp farm, CRIOBE laboratory).
A tasting of local Polynesian agriculture and aquaculture products at the Tahiti hotel school
was particularly well received, and further provided an opportunity to discuss experiences and
establish professional contacts.
A questionnaire was circulated at the close of the Conference which yielded positive feedback
overall, with an average assessment of 7.9 out of 10 by participants. This survey clearly
revealed that the three principal assets to be fostered in islands countries and territories in
terms of developing sustainable aquaculture are, in order of importance: preserving the
27
environment, protection against diseases, endogenous resources-biodiversity. Furthermore,
the three major areas of potential collaboration identified by participants were, in order of
importance: improved farming techniques, improved biosecurity (aquaculture environment
and health), and development of community or family aquaculture activities.
Further interests that emerged included:
•
•
an interest on the part of representatives from French and European overseas
aquaculture communities in collaborating in joint programmes; the representatives of
French overseas aquaculture communities in the Pacific expressed a particular interest
in working with ODEADOM;
an interest on the part of some of the small island countries in supplying their
neighbours with healthy juvenile fish with biosecurity certification, and an interest
among other PICTs either in acquiring either these juveniles, or the means to produce
them on a small scale and at low cost.
The proceedings of this seminar and workshop have been finalized on the basis of
collaboration between the organisers and the experts who addressed the meeting.
Working group discussion during Tahiti Aquaculture 2010 © Georges Remoissenet.
28
Appendix A
Resource persons
Dr J. JIA, Chief, Aquaculture service (FIRA) of Fisheries and Aquaculture department
of FAO (Food and Agriculture Organisation) United Nations.
Dr. F. BERTHE, Parme (Italia), Secretary General of the Aquatic Animal Health
Standards Commission of the OIE, Head of the Animal Health and Welfare unit of the
European Food Safety Authority
Mrs. E. BOVY, Adelaïde (Australia), PIRSA (Primary Industries and Resources
Southern Australia)Aquaculture Principal Policy Officer
Dr.. P CACOT, CIRAD, Montpellier (France), in charge of an IMTA project in the
Pacific, Freshwater tropical fish culture expert.
Dr. D. COVES, Ifremer, Montpellier (France), Chief "Sustainable development of
marine finfish culture overseas" project / Sustainable Aqauculture Program 20092012, Finfish aquaculture specialist
Mr. S. ELLIS, Pohnpei (Federated states of Micronesia), Director of « Marine
Environmental Research Institute of Pohnpei » (MERIP), Island rural aquaculture of
reef species specialist.
Dr. I. ERNST, Canberra (Australia), Manager, Aquatic Animal Health Unit (AAHU),
Animal Health Programs Branch, Australian Government Department of Agriculture,
Fisheries and Forestry (DAFF) , monogeans expert
Pr. R. GALZIN, Perpignan (France), Laboratoire d’Ichtyologie Tropicale et
Méditerranéenne de l’Université de Perpignan, Coral reef ecology and ichtyology
specialist
Dr. R. KNUCKEY, Cairns (Australia), Principal scientist, Northern Fisheries Center,
Queensland DPI, Australia, live preys and tropical species (grouper) specialist.
Pr. A. LAWRENCE, Corpus Christi (USA), Texas AgriLife Research Mariculture
Laboratory. Shrimp culture and aquaculture nutrition specialist.
Dr. A. OSTROWSKI, Honolulu (Hawaii), Director of Oceanic Institute, Hawaii, USA.
Tropical finfish culture and finfish and shrimp culture development specialist.
Mr. J. PATROIS, Ifremer, Nouméa (Nouvelle Calédonie), Shrimp culture specialist. In
charge of an expertise on shrimp culture development in Oceania ordered by SPC.
Dr.. T. PICKERING, SPC Aquaculture officer, inland aquaculture specialist
M. S. WILKINSON, Coordinator, Communications Programme. NACA staff directory
R. XIE, Hawaiian Sea Life, Honolulu (Hawaii), Marine ornamentals specialist, 2009
small business Hawaii exporter award, professional member of CTSA
DR. M . ZARAIN-HERTZBERG, Sinaloa, (Mexique), Researcher at Centro de
Ciencias de Sinaloa, L. vannamei shrimp cage culture specialist
29
Appendix B
Prénom /
First name
Nom / Family
name
Participants list
Adresse mail / Email address
Service et fonction occupée /
Office and position held
Nom et adresse de
l'organisme /
Organisation and
address
ADEPAM Sci les hauts
de Californie Bat C
97232 le Lamentin
Martinique.
[email protected]
Président de l'Association pour
le Développement de la
Production Aquacole
Martiniquaise
ANTRAS
[email protected]
Vétérinaire en charge de la santé
animale
Bélinda
BAMBRIDG
E
[email protected]
Présidente d'Association de
Polynésie française
Service du
développement rural BP
100 Papeete Tahiti
Groupe d'associations de
Tamatoa
BAMBRIDG
E
[email protected]
Chargé de recherche CNRSCRIOBE-ISCC
CRIOBE BP 1013
Moorea
Interprète
Secretariat of the Pacific
Community, BP 45 98848 Noumea Cedex Nouvelle Calédonie
Emile
AGOT
Robert
ALI
Valérie
Isabelle
BARBOT
[email protected]
Josselyn
BARRET
[email protected]
René
BEAUVARC
ET
Corinne
Moana Concept BP 3395
Papeete 98713 Tahiti
[email protected]
Aquaculteur. Président du
SYPAGUA (SYndicat des
Producteurs Aquacoles de
GUAdeloupe)
SCEA DE DOUVILLE
R. et Ph BEAUVARLET
Douville 97128
GOYAVE
BELLIARD
[email protected]
Technicienne en biologie
moléculaire
IFREMER BP 7004
98719 Taravao
Roy
BENYON
[email protected]
Interprète
Franck
BERTHE
[email protected]
Chef de l'unité santé animale et
bien-être animal au EFSA
Francine
BESSON
[email protected]
Secrétaire association Tamarii
Pointe des pêcheurs
Hervé
BICHET
Gérald
BILLINGS
[email protected]
Head of Aquaculture Section.
Ministry of Fisheries & Forests
Arald
BIOURD
[email protected]
En attente poste IFREMER
Alain
BODOY
[email protected]
Chef de département à l'Ifremer
du Pacifique
Nadia
BOSCOLO
[email protected]
Biologist
Isabelle
BOTHEREL
[email protected]
Service de la Pêche / Juriste
Fabien
BOVA
[email protected]
Directeur général
MarieHélène
BOVA
ASTPP BP 381882
Tamanu 98718 Punaauia
Service de la perliculture
Biologiste
30
Fisheries Department,
Ministry of Fisheries &
Forests, Suva, Fiji
Centre Ifremer du
Pacifique, BP 7004 Taravao, Tahiti
LMC Veneto SAS di
Boscolo Nadia & C
Service de la Pêche, BP
20 98713 Papeete, Tahiti
France AgriMer, 12 rue
Henri Rol-Tanguy, TSA
20002, 93555 Montreuilsous-bois, France
Emmanuell
e
BOVY
[email protected]
Principal Policy Officer Legislative Programs Aquaculture Division
Bevin
BRAITHWAI
TE
[email protected]
Department of agriculture, Chief
agricultural officer
Quito
BRAUN
ORTEGA
[email protected]
Gilles
BREUIL
[email protected]
Ifremer - Fish pathologiste
Secrétaire général - CAPL
Jerry
BROTHERS
Vincent
BUCHET
[email protected]
IFREMER - Chercheur
Laura
BURLOT
[email protected]
Stagiaire
Philippe
CACOT
[email protected]
UR Aquaculture - CIRAD /
Chercheur
Joseph
CAMPANOZ
ZI-TARAHU
[email protected]
Service de la Pêche Responsable logistique
MariePierre
CAMPO
Enrico
CANTAMES
SA
[email protected]
Student
Emilie
CARDONA
[email protected]
VCAT Cadre de recherche en
crevetticulture
Eric
CAUSSE
[email protected]
Commercial / Techniques de
production
Jorge
CHAVEZVILLALBA
[email protected]
LDHP Chercheur invité
François
CHEVALIER
[email protected]
Gérant, Directeur
Wesley
CLERVEAU
X
[email protected]
Director, Department of
environment & coastal resources
Eric
CLUA
[email protected]
CRISP MANAGER
Julie
COLLETER
[email protected]
Volontariat civil à l'aide
technique (VCAT) IFREMER
[email protected]
Chef de projet "Développement
Durable de la Pisciculture
Marine d'Outre-mer"
Denis
COVES
Primary Industry and
Resources, South
Australia (PIRSA), L14 25 Grenfell St - 5000
Adelaide SA, Australia
Department of
agriculture, Government
of the Virgin Islands
Tortola, British Virgin
Islands P.O Box 242
IFREMER LALR
Chambre de l'agriculture
et de la pêche lagonaire
Centre Ifremer du
Centre Ifremer du
CIRAD - UR20 / Bureau
5 - Bâtiment A / Campus
international de
Baillarguet / TAB-20/A
34398 Montpellier Cedex
5 / France
Représentante du ministère de
l'outremer français
Catherine
CRABB
[email protected]
Water authority-Cayman /
Senior development control tech
Gérard
CUZON
[email protected]
Aquaculture : responsable de la
nutrition crevettes et poissons
31
D&D Consulting s.a.s.,
via Montenero 90.30171
Mestre, Venice - Italy Centre Ifremer du
GREENSEA Parc
scientifique et
environnemental 3410
Meze, France
IFREMER Tahiti
CIBNOR Mexique
SCA BORAECOFISH,
BP 418 - 98730 Bora
Bora
Department of
environment & coastal
resources - Lower bight
road - Providenciales Turks & Caicos Islands
SPC BP D5 - 98848
Noumea - New
Caledonia
Centre Ifremer du
Ifremer, Laboratoire
d'Aquaculture du
Languedoc Roussillon,
Chemin de Maguelone,
34250 Palavas - France
Water Authority-Cayman
P.O. Box 1104 KY11102 CAYMAN
ISLANDS
Centre Ifremer du
Rarahu
DAVID
[email protected]
Service de la pêche Responsable santé animale
Maleli
DAWAI
[email protected]
Officer incharge Freshwater
culture, Ministry of Fisheries &
Forests, Fiji
Forests, Suva, Fiji
Eugène
Mehiti
Tuanua
DEGAGE
DEGAGE
DEGAGE
Eleonora
DEGANO
[email protected]
Student
Mestre, Venice - Italy -
Geneviève
DELAHAIE MIRC
[email protected]
Assistante de projet, section
aquaculture, service des pêches
JeanMichel
DELECHENE
AU
[email protected]
Responsable technique
d'écloserie crevette
CAPF BP 70485 98719
Taravao Tahiti
Investisseur
Investisseur
Investisseur
Patrick
DELHAYE
[email protected]
Interprète
Laurent
DEVEMY
[email protected]
Directeur MCDC Consulting
MCDC Consulting BP
20362 - 98713 Papeete
Tahiti
Mauro
DOIMI
D&D Consulting
Stéphanie
DUBRAY
[email protected]
Chargée projet hauturiers et
côtiers - SPE
Robert
DUFOUR
[email protected]
Technicien supérieur en
aquaculture
IFREMER BP 7004
98719 Taravao
Sylvain
DUPIEUX
[email protected]
Service de la pêche - Assistance
technique
Carine
ELISSONDO
[email protected]
Technicienne supérieure Ecloserie crevette
Simon
ELLIS
[email protected]
Director
Ingo
ERNST
[email protected]
Manager, Aquatic Animal
Health
CAPF BP 70485 98719
Taravao Tahiti
Marine and
environmental research
institute of pohnpei
(MERIP) PoBox 1005,
Pohnpei, FM 96941,
Federated states of
Micronesia
Australian Government
Department of
Agriculture, Fisheries
and Forestry, PO Box
858, Canberra ACT 2601
Australia
Joackim
FAAEHO
[email protected]
CPIA Jeune désireux de monter
un projet
ASTPP BP 381882
Marco
FAGNINI
[email protected]
Etudiant
Tauvae
FAIVA SU'A
[email protected]
Fisheries officer at ministry of
agriculture and fisheries
Ministry of agriculture
and fisheries P.O. Box
1874 Apia SAMOA
Jean-claude
FALGUIERE
[email protected]
Responsable laboratoire
aquaculture Antilles /IFREMER
IFREMER, Route de
Pointe Fort 97231 Le
Robert Martinique
Christian
FAUVEL
Corentine
FAVRE
[email protected]
Assistante de production
SCA BORAECOFISH,
BP 418 - 98730 Bora
Bora
Temauri
FOSTER
[email protected]
Ministre des ressources
maritimes
Ministère des ressources
maritimes BP 2551
98713 Papeete
IFREMER
32
Service Territorial des
Affaires Rurales et de la
Pêche BP 19 Mata'utu 98600 Uvea - Wallis et
Futuna
Amalia
FOTOFILI
[email protected]
Service Territorial des Affaires
Rurales et de la Pêche /
Responsable côtier
Angélique
FOUGEROU
SE
[email protected]
Cellule sanitaire-biologiste
Service de la
Perliculture, BP 9047 Motu Uta 98715 Papeete
Déléguée à la recherche
Délégation à la
recherche, BP 20981 98713 Papeete Tahiti
Priscille
Tea
FROGIER
Teraiareva
FROGIER
Timothée
GADENNE
[email protected]
Directeur d'AQUAMAY
AQUAMAY BP 371
97600 MAMOUDZOU
MAYOTTE
Nabila
GAERTNERMAZOUNI
[email protected]
Professeur en écologie marine Université de Polynésie
française - Laboratoire BIOTEM
Laboratoire BIOTEM,
Equipe biologie marine,
UPF, BP 6570 - 98702 Faaa Aéroport Tahiti PF
USR 3278 CNRS-EPHE
CRIOBE, BP 1013
Moorea
[email protected]
Spécialiste aquacole
René
GALZIN
[email protected]
Directeur d'études à l'Ecole
Pratique des Hautses Etudes
(EPHE) - Laboratoire
d'ichtyologie tropicale et
méditérranéenne de l'Université
de Perpignan
Cécile
GASPAR
[email protected]
Présidente, Docteur vétérinaire
Eric
GASSET
[email protected]
IFREMER Cadre de recherche
Olivier
GASTON
[email protected]
Chef de projet affaires
européennes - OCTA/SaintPierre et Miquelon
Patrick
GIRARD
[email protected]
Vétérinaire aquacole
Jean
GOGUENHEI
M
[email protected]
Ifremer / Responsable assistance
technique Crevettes-poissons
IFREMER BP 7004
98719 Taravao
Herlé
GORAGUER
[email protected]
Délégué Ifremer Saint-Pierre et
Miquelon
Yannick
GUEGUEN
[email protected]
Responsable Laboratoire
Biotechnologie LBQP
Hélène
GUEGUEN
[email protected]
Pôle d'innovation Tahiti
Fa'ahotu
IFREMER BP 4240
Saint-Pierre et Miquelon
Ifremer - Centre
Océanologique du
Pacifique, BP 7004 98719 Taravao - Tahiti,
http://www.ifremer.fr/
Tahiti Fa'ahotu BP 140
289 98701 Arue
Philip
HEATH
[email protected]
Manager, Mahanga Bay
Aquaculture Facility, New
Zealand
N.IW.A. 270 Mattey Rd,
Miramar Wellington
New Zealand
[email protected]
Responsable développement et
animateur filière du SYPAGUA
SYPAGUA C/O Parc
Aquacole Les plaines
97116 Pointe Noire
Guadeloupe
François
HERMAN
Moeava
HOEFNAGE
LS
South Pacific Rori
ITO
Aquaculture Research and
Development, Director & Chief
Scientist
Masahiro
[email protected]
33
TE MANA O TE
MOANA
IFREMER Station de
Palavas 34250 Palavas
les Plôts France
Représentation de SaintPierre et Miquelon 3, rue
FBG St Honoré - 75008
Paris
Docteur Patrick
GIRARD
1, Lotissement SuperPeynier
13790 Peynier France
College of Micronesia
Land Grant Program,
P.O. Box 1179, Kolonia,
Pohnpei, Federated
States of Micronesia
Jiansan
JIA
[email protected]
Chief Aquaculture Service,
Fishery and Aquaculture Dept,
FAO
Viale delle Terme di
Caracalla, 00153, Rome,
Italy
Robert
JIMMY
[email protected]
Aquaculture Adviser
Chin-Long
KI
[email protected]
Chercheur génétique
Camille
KNOCKAER
T
[email protected]
STBM. Ingénieur de recherche
Richard
KNUCKEY
[email protected]
Director of the Northern
Fisheries Center à Cairns
John
KUHN
[email protected]
Gérant de ferme aquacole
(crevette)
FAMB BP 13 - 98820
POVEMBOUT, Nouméa
Eddy
LAILLE
[email protected]
Tahiti Fish Aquaculture - Gérant
Tautira Fenua Aihere
Hervé
LALLEMAN
T
Maurice
LAU POUI
CHEUNG
[email protected]
Service des relations
internationales
internationales
Thomas
LAUNAY
[email protected]
Tahiti Fish Aquaculture - Chef
de production
Tautira Fenua Aihere
Addison
Lee
LAWRENCE
[email protected]
Spécialiste de crevetticulture et
de nutrition aquacole
Jérémy
LE LUYER
[email protected]
VCAT ingénieur en écosystèmes
marins
Benoït
LE
MARECHAL
[email protected]
Coopérative des Aquaculteurs de
Polynésie française - Directeur
Gilles
LE
MOULLAC
[email protected]
Laboratoire - Responsable :
domestication de l'huitre perlière
David
LECCHINI
[email protected]
Chercheur à l'IRD
Edouard
LEHARTEL
[email protected]
Gérant SCA Bora Bora
Aquaculture
Moerani
LEHARTEL
Centre Ifremer du
IFREMER, Rue de l'ïle
d'yeu, 44000 Nantes,
France
Assistant du sénateur Tuheiava
Texas AgriLife Research
Mariculture Laboratory
Centre Ifremer du
Coopérative des
Aquaculteurs de
Polynésie française - BP
70 485 - 98719 Taravao Tahiti
Centre Ifremer du
CRIOBE BP 1013
Moorea
SCA BORA BORA
AQUACULTURE Site
de Tautira Fenua Aihere
Tahiti
Aquaculteur
Philippe
LEMERCIER
[email protected]
Délégué Général Outre Mer
Institut français de
recherche pour
l'exploitation de la mer
(IFREMER) 155, rue JJ
Rousseau, 92138 Issyles-Moulineaux, France
Yoanna
LETANG
[email protected]
Direction des professionnels de
la banque Socrédo. Référente du
pôle MER
Banque Socrédo BP 130
Papeete
Peva
LEVY
[email protected]
Ifremer - Responsable du
laboratoire d'histologie
Centre Ifremer du
Cédrik
LO
[email protected]
Responsable Cellule recherche
et développement
Service de la
Interprète
Sophie
LOCKNER
[email protected]
34
Alain
LO-YAT
MarieHélène
LUBRANO
Consultant projet 9èFED
Perliculture
[email protected]
Service de la
Greensea
Paul
LUU
[email protected]
Directeur de l'ODEADOM
ODEADOM (Office de
développement de
l'économie agricole
d'outre-mer) 12, rue Rol
Tanguy - TSA 60006
93555 Montreuil-sousbois Cedex France
Moana
MAAMAAT
UAIAHUTAP
U
[email protected]
Ingénieur Aquacole
(Responsable programme
pisciculture)
Giulia
MAGOGA
[email protected]
Etudiante
Mellie
MARECHAL
Dominique
MAROT
[email protected]
Président AQUAMAY, UAOM
AQUAMAY BP 371
97600 MAMOUDZOU
MAYOTTE
Thierry
MARSOLLE
[email protected]
Aquaculteur. Trésorier du
SYPAGUA (SYndicat des
Producteurs Aquacoles de
GUAdeloupe)
Domaine de Severin - Le
Boucau 97115 Ste Rose Guadeloupe
[email protected]
Responsable filière aquaculture Service milieux et ressources
aquatiques - Direction du
Développement économique et
de l'environnement
Province Nord, DDEE,
BP 41 - 98860 Kone,
Nouvelle-calédonie
MELOTY
[email protected]
Solomon Islands Government
(Ministry of Fisheries & Marine
Resources) / Chief Fisheries
Officer Aquaculture
Ministry of fisheries &
Marine Resources, PO
Box G13, Honiara,
Solomon Islands
Pierre
MERY
[email protected]
Chargé de mission pour la
recherche et la technologie
auprès du Haut-commissariat de
la République en Polynésie
française
Haut Commissariat, BP
115 - 98713 Papeete,
Tahiti
Alice
MONTAGNE
R
[email protected]
Student
Georges
MONTFRAIX
[email protected]
Manager ferme crevettes
SOPOMER (retraité)
Retraité sur Tahiti
Michel
MOUKIR
Membre de Pae Pae No Te Ora
PAE PAE NO TE ORA
BP 380231 Tamanu
98718 Punaauia
Stéphanie
MU WONG
[email protected]
Présidente d'association de
Cécile
MU WONG
[email protected]
Pêcheur lagonaire de Polynésie
française
Poasi
NGALUAFE
[email protected]
Head of Aquaculture Research
Department of Fisheries
PO Box 871, Nukualofa,
Tonga
NMC-CREES P.O. Box
501250, Saipan, MP
96950 Mariana Islands
41-202 Kalanianaole
HWY, Waimanalo, HI
96795
Claire
Alex
Mendo
MARTY
Development agent .OCTA
Michael
OGO
[email protected]
Aquaculture & Fisheries
Development
Program/Aquaculture Extension
Agent
Anthony
OSTROWSKI
[email protected]
Président d'OCEANIC
INSTITUTE
35
Medhy
PALFRAY
[email protected]
Conference Technician
Gideon
PAMA
[email protected]
Aquaculture Officer, PNG
National Fisheries Authority
PNG National Fisheries
Authority / P.O Box
2016 - Port Moresby, 121
National Capital Districk
/ Papua New Guinea
Jacques
PATROIS
[email protected]
Département LEAD/NC - Cadre
de recherche
IFREMER BP 2059 98846 - Nouméa Cedex Nouvelle-calédonie
Jean-Marie
PEIGNON
IFREMER
Tiare
PENILLA Y
PERELLA
[email protected]
Service de la Pêche - Chargée de
communication
Timothy
PICKERING
[email protected]
Inland Aquaculture Officer, CPS
Geneviève
PIERONI
[email protected]
Directeur de cabinet MRM
maritimes BP 2551
98713 Papeete
Cédric
PONSONNET
[email protected]
Service de la Pêche - Chef de la
cellule statistique
Anand
PRASAD
[email protected]
Officer in charge - Aquaculture
Brackishwaterwater Activities
Forests, Suva, Fiji
Yves
QUEINNEC
[email protected]
Gérant Aquaculture Opunohu
SCA Sté d'Aquaculture
d'Opunohu BP 1050
Papetoai - Moorea
Ecloserie Nord Caraïbes
Sarl 14 allée des pipirits
quartier Bout-Bois 97221
le Carbet - Martinique
Alexis
RAGOT
[email protected]
Gérant de la Sarl Ecloserie Nord
Caraïbes / Trésorier ADEPAM
Koroa
RAUMEA
[email protected]
Director / Inshore fisheries +
Aquaculture division
Percy
RECHELLUU
L
[email protected]
Fisheries Technicien
Georges
REMOISSEN
ET
[email protected]
Responsable programme
aquaculture au Service de la
Pêche
Thomas
REQUILLAR
T
[email protected]
Responsable du département
Aquaculture et Pêche de la PS
Steven
REY
[email protected]
internationales
Benjamin
RISPAL
[email protected]
Responsable production
Caroline
ROIHAU
[email protected]
Service de la Pêche - Assistante
administrative
Valérie
ROY
[email protected]
Service du développement rural
- Chef département QAAV
Saitu
SAIDHALIDI
[email protected]
DARTM, le Chef de service
Hélène
SALMON
[email protected]
Service de la Pêche - Assistante
administrative
36
c/- P.O. Box 85, Avarua,
Rarotonga, Cook Islands
Ministry of natural
resources, Environment
& Tourism, P.O Box
359, Koror, Republic of
Palau
Province Sud, Direction
du Développement rural,
BP 2386 - 98 846
Nouméa
internationales
AQUAPAC BP 7020
Taravao
Service du
développement rural BP
100 Papeete Tahiti
Conseil général de
Mayotte / DARTM BP
101 97600
MAMOUDZOU
Assistante du sénateur Tuheiava
Tiarere
SALMON
Bruno
SANDRAS
[email protected]
DEPUTE - MAIRE de la
Commune de Papara
Mairie de Papara 98712
Alain
SANTONI
[email protected]
Service de la Pêche/ Chef du
bureau administratif et financier
Pierre
SASAL
[email protected]
Chargé de recherches CNRS
USR 3278 CNRS-EPHE
CRIOBE, BP 1013
Denis
SAULNIER
[email protected]
Cadre de recherche au LBQP
(Laboratoire de biotechnologies
et qualité de la perle)
Centre Ifremer du
Maryline
SCHILLING
[email protected]
maritimes / Conseiller technique
maritimes BP 2551
98713 Papeete
Fany
SEGUIN
[email protected]
Responsable environnement /
Bureau d'études
CREOCEAN Agence
Pacifique BP 1433 98703 Punaauia
Manaarii
Elie
SHAMKOUA
SHITALOU
Teva
SIU
[email protected]
Directeur général
Gérard
SIU
[email protected]
Vice-Président de la
Commission aquacole CCISM
Philippe
SIU
Arsène
STEIN
Audrey
SZYMANOW
ICZ
Gabriel
TAI
Anne
Sandrine
TALFER
Chef du service de la
perliculture
Ayou
TANG
RAVAIRAU 9
Marc
TAQUET
[email protected]
Directeur du Centre Ifremer du
Pacifique
Thierry
TAUPENAS
[email protected]
AROA - Membre de l'APAR
(Organisation professionnelle)
Alexandre
TAYALE
[email protected]
VCAT Ingénieur de recherche
Benoït
TCHEPIDJIA
N
[email protected]
Tahiti Eco Clams / Vai
Consulting / SDAPF
BP 14265 Arue Tahiti
Teapehu
TEAHE
[email protected]
Maire de la commune de
Takaroa
Commune de Takaroa
BP 1 Teavaroa 98781
takaroa - Tuamotu
Vetea
TEHAAMOA
NA
[email protected]
Technicien production
Tahiti Eco Clams BP
14265 Arue
John
TEHURITAU
A
[email protected]
Responsable service
international / Dualité
CCISM - Rue du Docteur
Cassiau BP 118 Papeete
Antoine
TEITELBAU
M
[email protected]
Aquaculture officer
STARP - Directeur
Service Territorial des
Affaires Rurales et de la
Pêche BP 19 Mata'utu 98600 Uvea - Wallis et
Futuna
Yannick
TESSIER
IFREMER
AQUAPAC BP 7020
Taravao
CCISM - Rue du Docteur
Cassiau BP 118 Papeete
Retraité pêche
Responsable programme
lagonaire au Service de la Pêche
[email protected]
Vétérinaire - SDR
[email protected]
Stagiaire protection du lagon
[email protected]
37
ASTPP BP 381882
Centre Ifremer du
AROA BP 16 - 97427
Etang salé - Ile de la
Réunion
Centre Ifremer du
ASTPP BP 381882
IDEE AQUACULTURE,
39 rue Jean Giroux
34000 Montpellier
France
Edna
TIAEHAU
[email protected]
Membre de l'Association
Tamarii Pointe des pêcheurs
Jacques
TRICHEREA
U
[email protected]
Gérant
Richard
Hinarava
TUHEIAVA
TUIA
[email protected]
Bruno
UGOLINI
[email protected]
Conseiller technique au
maritimes de PF
maritimes BP 2551
98713 Papeete
Tomy Huri
UNG
[email protected]
Secrétaire général
Commune de Takaroa
BP 1 Teavaroa 98781
takaroa - Tuamotu
Dan
VAIRAARO
A
Magali
VERDUCCI
[email protected]
Consultante / Directrice
Heremoana Consulting
BP 7278 98719 Taravao
Tahiti
Heifara
WALLON
[email protected]
Chef de production en
pisciculture (Platax Orbicularis)
Bora Bora Aquaculture Etablissement de Tautira
Simon
WILKINSON
[email protected]
Communications Manager Network of Aquaculture Centres
in Asia-Pacific
Sénateur
Kahia reserve production
Richard
XIE
[email protected]
Laurent
YAN
[email protected]
Stephen
YEN KAI
SUN
[email protected]
Chef du service de la Pêche
Martha
ZARAINHERZBERG
[email protected]
Centro de Ciencias de Sinaloa.
Researcher.
Alexandre
ZUMBIEHL
[email protected]
Export / Président
President
38
Hawaiian Sealife Inc 3239 Ualena Street,
//100, Honolulu, HI
96819
Pirae quartier Tetianina
lot 12 BP 1658 Papeete
Tahiti
Service de la Pêche BP
20 98713 Papeete
Centro de Ciencias de
Sinaloa, Av. de las
Amerixas 2771 Nte,
Culiacan Sinaloa Mexico
cp 90010
Tahiti Tropical Fish, BP
7134, Taravao Tahiti
© SPC, 2012 – Cover design: Muriel Borderie –SPC Publications Section
Conference
6—11 December 2010

Proceedings of the Tahiti Aquaculture Conference

Transcription

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