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Je tiens à remercier mon directeur de mémoire Michel Boyer, professeur de l’Institut d’Études
Politiques ainsi que Shi Lu, professeur et chercheur de l’Institut d’Asie Orientale qui a participé
au jury, qui mène des recherches sur les travailleurs migrants en Chine en réalisant de nombreux
entretiens et que j’ai eu la chance de rencontrer en France et en Chine.
Merci également à Christine Cornet, professeur du Diplôme Universitaire du Monde
Extrême Oriental, qui m’a aidé à choisir le sujet.
Parmi les gens qui m’ont aidé lorsque j’étais en Chine, je souhaite remercier Xiao
Yunsheng, professeur de français à l’Université des Langues Étrangères de Shanghai, ainsi que
l’ensemble de mes professeurs de chinois qui m’ont permis d’interviewer leur femme de
ménage.
Enfin, un grand merci à mes amis et camarades chinois, Fang Jié, Sun Jié, Vienne et Zhou
Ning pour tous leurs conseils et pour leur aide pour traduire les interviews.
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« Les gens comme nous n’ont pas vraiment de projet en ce qui concerne l’avenir.
En tous les cas que veux élever mes enfants, quand ils seront grands, j’aurais
finit. Sin ma fille est admise à l’université, elle aura alors quatre années d’étude.
Je travaillerais donc pendant encore quatre ans. Je n’ai pas d’autres désir. Quand
ils sortiront de la campagne alors moi j’y retournerais et je serais une paysanne
âgée. Une fois qu’ils pourront gagner de l’argent, ils gagneront eux même leur vie
et dépenseront eux même leur argent, je n’aurais plus de soucis. Ils s’occuperont
eux même de leur vie, ce ne sera plus à moi de le faire».
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LI Zhang, Stranger in the City: Reconfiguring of Space, Power, and Social Networks
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1990, pp.673-701
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Mexican Undocumented Migration to the United States?”, International migration
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WANG Feng, ZUO Xuejin, “Inside China’s Cities: Institutional Barriers and Opportunities
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WONG Linda, HUEN Wai-Po, “Reforming the Household Registration System: A
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AUBERT Claude, XIANDE, « Sous-emploi agricole et migrations rurales en
Chine », Perspectives chinoises, n° 70, 2002/03, pp.49-61
CHAN Anita, « Les effets de la mondialisation sur les conditions de travail, perspectives
chinoises », Problèmes économiques, La documentation française, n°2819,
Economies étrangères, mercredi 30 juillet 2003, pp.20-28
FABRE Guilhem, « La Chine : le piège des inégalités », Problèmes économiques et
sociaux, la documentation française, n°834, 11 février 2000
AUBERT Claude« Chine rurale : le fosse villes campagnes », Loc cit, pp.545-546
(extrait)
!&
), (% < &&'
* HE Qinglian, « Xiandaïhua de xianjin : dangdaï Zhongguo de jingji shehui wenti » [Les
pièges de la modernisation : problèmes socio-économiques de la Chine actuelles],
Jingri chuban she, Pékin, 1998, pp.260-265 (extraits)
@
9 ;
http://iso.hrichina.org Report by human rights in China, “Implementation of the
international convention on the elimination of all forms of radical discrimination in the
People Republic of China”, July 2001 Report by human rights in China,
“Institutionalized exclusion: the tenuous legal status of internal migrants in China’s
major cities”, November 2002
http://www.chinadaily.com.cn “Three Gorges Migrants Settle in Shanghai”, China Daily,
September 2001 ZENG Min, “Migrant Workers Returning Home”, China Daily,
February 2002 “Shanghai population tops 20m”, December 2003 ZHU Chengpei,
“Migrants may register for equal rights with reforms”, China Daily, January 2004
“Migrants to be counted for first time in Shanghai”, China Daily, January 2004
CHANG Tianle, “Migrants get better, cheaper health care”, China Daily, March 2004
http://www.who.int Social research by Tropical Diseases Research TDR, ZHAN
Shaokang, “Economic transition and maternal health care for internal migrants in
Shanghai, China”, October 2001
http://www.china.org.cn GAO Kun, « Migrant Rural Labor Needs Better
Channeling”, CIIC, January 2001 “Ambivalence About Migrants”, Shanghai Star
, February 2002
http://english.peopledaily.com.cn “China Makes Schooling for Migrant Children Easier”,
Beijing Time, July 2002 “China launches massive training plan for migrant workers”,
Beijing Time, September 2003 “Chinese Trade Unions to Strengthen Protection of
Migrant Workers' Rights”, Beijing Time, September 2003 “Effort Hopes to Place
Migrant Workers Under Unions' Umbrella”, Beijing Time, September 2003 “Migrant
workers flock to join China's trade unions”, Beijing Time, September 2003 “China's
urban schools asked to serve for migrant workers”, Beijing Time, September 2003
“Shanghai opens door of public schools to migrant children”, Beijing Time, December
2003 “Government helps migrant workers recover unpaid salary”, Beijing Time,
December 2003 “Trade union for migrant workers established in Hunan”, Beijing
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before Spring Festival”, Beijing Time, January 2004
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city's outsiders' communities”, Modern Oriental, Chinese News , February 2004
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Shanghai's Demography (All figures related, if not noted, are based on the fifth
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national population census conducted in the year 2000)”, ISSUE N° 2 May 2003
http://ico-china.org The Institute of Contemporary Observation, “Job search tough for
migrants”, Shanghai Daily News
http://www1.msh-paris.fr Shanghai Conference 11- 13 September 2003 CAI Fang,
WANG Dewen, “Migration as Marketization: What Can We Learn from China’s 2000
Census Data?” MENG Jianjun, “Population Migration and Economic Development in
China” ROCCA Jean-Louis, “The Invention of Social Policies in Marketizing China:
the Cases of Migrant Workers and Precarious Urban Workers”
http://www.who.int Tropical deseases research TDR, ZHAN Shaokang, “Economic
transition and maternal health care for internal migrants in Shanghai, China”, October
2001
http:/wwww.findarticles.com KENNETH Roberts, “Female labor migrants to Shanghai:
Temporary floaters or potential settlers?”, International Migration Review, Summer
2002
http://www.cobblestoneconcepts.com UCGIS HUD Grant, “Global Urban Quality: An
Analysis of Urban Indicators Using Geographic Information Science”
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www.unesco.org IRWIN James, « Shanghai et ses millions de migrants », Le courrier
de l’UNESCO, 1999 IRWIN James, « Les enfants "flottants" de l’école chinoise », Le
courrier de l’UNESCO, 2000 www.cisr.gc.ca Direction des recherches Commission
de l’immigration et du statut de réfugié, « Chine : migration interne et population
nomade », Ottawa Canada, septembre 1998
www.monde-diplomatique.fr/2000/08/GOLUB/14095 GOLUB Philip S., « Une ville
globalisée Shanghai, vitrine du capitalisme chinois », Le Monde Diplomatique, août
2000, p22
http://eglasie.mepasie.org Eglise d’Asie, Agence d’information des missions étrangères
de Paris « La population flottante autour des villes », China News Analysis, Dossiers
et documents N°3, mars 1995, GILLEY Bruce, « Les travailleurs migrants de
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mars 1994
http://mcsinfo.u-strasbg.fr Université Robert Schuman, Strasbourg, dossiers :
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de la périphérie, le projet de villes satellites est remis sur la table » DESCAMPS
Elise, ALIX Xavier, « Serveuses sitôt arrivées, le boom de la restauration accélère le
recrutement de jeunes femmes originaires des provinces voisines » DALAINE Anne,
TORTUYAUX Laurent, « des vies de chantiers, des millions de ruraux fournissent la
main-d’œuvre du bâtiment »
http://www.cefc.com MING Lu, « Les évolutions récentes de l’emploi à Shanghai »,
Perspectives chinoises, N° 66 , juillet - août 2001, p14
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