Proceedings / Actes - International Cartographic Association
Transcription
Proceedings / Actes - International Cartographic Association
INTERNATIONAL CARTOGRAPHIC ASSOCIATION ASSOCIATION CARTOGRAPHIQUE INTERNATIONALE 19th International Cartographic Conference and 11th General Assembly of ICA 19e Conférence cartographique internationale 11e Assemblée générale de l’ACI Ottawa, Canada, 1999 Touch the Past Visualize the Future Images du Passé Vision davenir Proceedings / Actes Volume 1of 2 edited by / édité par C. Peter Keller Printed volume and CD-ROM compiled and produced at the University of Victoria by Ken Josephson, Diane Braithwaite, Nieves Forcada and Mary O’Rourke. Imprimé et CD-ROM compilés et produits à l’University of Victoria par Ken Josephson, Diane Braithwaite, Nieves Forcada et Mary O’Rourke. Cover art by Marguerite Trindade, Multimedia Applications Section, Canada Centre for Remote Sensing, Natural Resources Canada. Couverture par Marguerite Trindade, Section des applications multimédias, Centre canadien de télédétection, Ressources naturelles Canada. Published for the 19th International Cartographic conference by the Organizing Committee for Ottawa ICA 1999, under the direction of Publication Committee Chair Neil G. Grant, Manager, Quality Management System, Aeronautical and Technical Services, Natural Resources Canada. Publié pour la 19e Conférence de l’Association cartographique internationale par le Comité organisateur d’Ottawa ACI 1999, sous la direction de Neil G. Grant, président du Comité de publication et gestionnaire du Système de gestion de la qualité, Services techniques et aéronautiques, Ressources naturelles Canada. Further copies are available from / Pour des copies supplémentaires: Canadian Institute of Geomatics / Association Canadienne des Sciences Géomatiques Box / C.P. 5378, Station / Succursale F Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K2C 3J1 Tel: / Tél: (613) 224-9851 Fax: / Télécopieur: (613) 224-9577 E-Mail: / Courrier électronique: [email protected] ISBN 0-919088-54-6 PREFACE Little did I know what I was getting myself into when I accepted the task to chair the Scientific and Technical Programme Committee for the 19th Meeting of the International Cartographic Association. I have learned a lot. I promise that next time I submit an abstract or paper to a conference I will agree to read all instructions, to follow them closely, and to meet all deadlines. A note of thank you to those of you who did exactly that. Those of you who didn’t, you made for an interesting time Agreement was reached that the Ottawa ICA 1999 program should be a combination of oral papers and poster presentations. We received well over five hundred abstracts for review from fifty eight nations. The process of selecting which abstracts to allocate as posters or oral papers proved a challenging task. We used an anonymous multiple peer review process. In the end, two hundred and sixteen papers were allocated into fifty four oral paper sessions, with another two hundred and seventy two submissions organized into seven poster sessions running for half a day each. The Canadian Cartographic Association (CCA) and the Association of Canadian Map Libraries and Archives (ACMLA) contributed another ten oral paper sessions to complete the programme. Making it all happen was a true team effort. On behalf of the Organizing Committee of Ottawa ICA 1999 and the global cartographic community, I would like to thank all of you who contributed abstracts and who agreed to chair sessions. Without you we would not have a programme to offer. The Scientific and Technical Programme Committee working with me included the following individuals: Ed Dahl Majella Gauthier Brian Klinkenberg Jan Mersey Alberta Wood Cliff Wood The following individuals helped to review abstracts for paper or poster presentations and build thematic sessions: Alissa Antle Jacqueline Anderson Yvan Bédard Claude Boudreau James Boxall Boyan Brodaric David Brown Louis Cardinal Jean Carriere Henry Castner Patricia Chalk David Coleman Trevor Davis David Douglas Christine Earl Michel Fournier Anne Godlewska Chris Gold Michell Grenier Darren Ham Sally Hermansen Alun Hughes Betty Kidd Shelley Laskin Claudette LeBlanc Danielle Marceau Carol Marley Andrew Millward David Monahan Tony O’Connor Stefan Palko Micha Pazner Richard Pinnell Joe Piwowar Jean Raveneau Dianne Richardson Monika Rieger Pierre Roy Bob Sharpe Eva Siekierska Philip Stooke Nigel Waters Carolyn Weiss Grace Welch Roger Wheate Joan Winearls Cheryl Woods I gratefully acknowledge the time and hard work all these colleagues have dedicated to Ottawa ICA 1999. Thank you. Working with me in Victoria, British Columbia on database management, correspondence, and building of the programme and proceedings were four exceptional and committed people in Mary O’Rourke, Nieves Forcada, Ken Josephson and Diane Braithwaite. I don’t know how they managed to keep up with what appeared at times to be a non-stop process of programme change. We received great support and collaboration from the Preface / Préface • iii Ottawa ICA 1999 Conference Secretariate and the Publications Committee, both located thousands of miles away in Ottawa, Ontario. Special thanks there go to Lloyd Bowler, Nancy Jugandy, Neil Grant, and Marguerite Trindade. The papers published in these proceedings reflect the diversity of cartography. They present a commentary on past achievements, present challenges, and visions of the future. We hope that the posters and papers presented at Ottawa ICA 1999 contribute to dialogue and the dissemination of cartographic knowledge. C. Peter Keller Chair, Scientific and Technical Programme Committee iv • Ottawa ICA / ACI 1999 - Proceedings / Actes PRÉFACE Je ne savais vraiment pas à quoi je m’engageais quand j’ai accepté de siéger à la table du comité du programme scientifique et technique de la 19e Conférence de l’Association cartographique internationale ! Ça m’a servi de leçon. Je peux vous assurer que, la prochaine fois que je soumettrai un résumé ou une communication pour une conférence, je lirai bien volontiers toutes les directives, les suivrai à la lettre, et respecterai tous les délais. Un gros merci à ceux et celles qui ont fait exactement cela. Quant aux autres, vous nous aurez fait passer plusieurs quarts d’heure intéressants !!! Il était entendu que le programme d’Ottawa ACI 1999 serait une combinaison de communications orales et de séances avec affichage. C’est ainsi que 58 nations nous ont soumis bien plus de 500 résumés à étudier. Sélectionner parmi ces résumés les affichages ou les communications fut tout un défi à relever. Dans ce but, nous avons procédé à une évaluation anonyme par des pairs. En fin de compte, 216 exposés furent répartis dans 54 séances de communication orale, et 270 demandes furent disposées dans sept séances avec affichage d’une demi-journée chacune. En complément de programme, l’Association canadienne de cartographie (ACC) et l’Association des cartothèques et archives cartographiques du Canada (ACACC) présentent 10 séances de communication orale. Seul un véritable effort commun a permis la réalisation de ce programme. J’aimerais donc remercier, au nom du comité organisateur d’Ottawa ACI 1999 et de la famille mondiale de la cartographie, tous ceux et toutes celles qui ont présenté des résumés et qui ont accepté de siéger aux séances. Sans votre collaboration, nous n’aurions pas de programme à offrir. Les membres du comité du programme scientifique et technique avec lesquels j’ai œuvré sont les suivants : Ed Dahl Majella Gauthier Brian Klinkenberg Jan Mersey Alberta Wood Cliff Wood Les membres qui m’ont aidé à sélectionner les résumés pour des communications orales ou des présentations avec affichage et à concevoir des séances thématiques sont les suivants : Alissa Antle Jacqueline Anderson Yvan Bédard Claude Boudreau James Boxall Boyan Brodaric David Brown Louis Cardinal Jean Carriere Henry Castner Patricia Chalk David Coleman Trevor Davis David Douglas Christine Earl Michel Fournier Anne Godlewska Chris Gold Michell Grenier Darren Ham Sally Hermansen Alun Hughes Betty Kidd Shelley Laskin Claudette LeBlanc Danielle Marceau Carol Marley Andrew Millward David Monahan Tony O’Connor Stefan Palko Micha Pazner Richard Pinnell Joe Piwowar Jean Raveneau Dianne Richardson Monika Rieger Pierre Roy Bob Sharpe Eva Siekierska Philip Stooke Nigel Waters Carolyn Weiss Grace Welch Roger Wheate Joan Winearls Cheryl Woods Je remercie chaleureusement tous ces collègues pour leur temps, leur travail soutenu, et leur dévouement à l’égard d’Ottawa ACI 1999. Merci. Quatre personnes exceptionnelles et déterminées m’ont épaulé à Victoria en Colombie-Britannique dans la gestion de base de données, la correspondance, l’élaboration du programme et les actes de la Conférence. Je Preface / Préface • v veux parler de Mary O’Rourke, Nieves Forcada, Ken Josephson et Dianne Braithwaite. Je me demande encore comment elles sont arrivées à suivre une cadence infernale qui prenait parfois des allures de modifications permanentes du programme ! Nous avons pu aussi compter sur le soutien et la collaboration formidables du secrétariat de la conférence d’Ottawa ACI 1999 et du comité des publications, pourtant situés à des milliers de kilomètres, à Ottawa en Ontario. Merci en particulier à Lloyd Bowler, Nancy Jugandy , Neil Grant et Marguerite Trindade. Les textes publiés dans les actes de la Conférence reflètent la diversité de la cartographie. Ils font l’analyse des réalisations passées, des défis d’aujourd’hui et des visions d’avenir. Nous avons bon espoir que les affichages et les communications présentées durant Ottawa ACI 1999 contribueront à établir un dialogue et à mieux faire connaître la cartographie. C. Peter Keller Président - Comité du programme scientifique et technique vi • Ottawa ICA / ACI 1999 - Proceedings / Actes TABLE OF CONTENTS / TABLE DES MATIÈRES Author Index / Index des Auteurs ................................................................................................................ xxv Session Index / Index des séances ................................................................................................................ xxx VOLUME 1 SECTION 01 KEYNOTES / DISCOURS-PROGRAMME ............................................................................................................ 1 Touch the Past (Keynote 1 / Discours-programme 1) ...................................................................................... 3 David Woodward Cartographic Futures on a Digital Earth (Keynote 2 / Discours-programme 2) ............................................... 5 Michael F. Goodchild Cartography, Digital Transitions, and Questions of History (Response to Keynote 2 / Réponse à discours-programme 2) ........................................................................ 15 John Pickles Business, governments and technology: Inter-linked causal factors of change in cartography (Response to Keynote 2 / Réponse à discours-programme 2) ........................................................................ 29 David Rhind SECTION 02 NATIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL INITIATIVES / INITIATIVES NATIONALES ET INTERNATIONALES ................................................................................................. 37 Global Geoinformatic Mapping as the Methodology and Technology of the Future ..................................... 39 Alexander Martynenko Important Initiatives in Geographic Information Science and Spatial Data Collection with Implications for Cartography..................................................................... 43 Joel L. Morrison Metadata Standard Architecture Based on Digital Earth ................................................................................ 51 Zhao Yongping - travel award winner Huang Fang and Guo Jingjun Reinventing Cassandra: Building the U.S. National Spatial Data Infrastructure ........................................... 59 Frank S. Hissong Table of Contents / Table des matières • LEE GeoGratis: A Canadian Geospatial Data Infrastructure Component that Visualises and Delivers Free Geospatial Data Sets .............................................................. 65 Cameron Wilson and R.A. O’Neil The Canadian Geographical Names Data Base (CGNDB): its past, present and future ................................ 75 David Fraser, Barbara Bowler, Jocelyne Revie, Kathleen O’Brien, and Paul O’Blenes Actualisation du réseau routier canadien ........................................................................................................ 87 Daniel Bégin Nunavut Territory Property Mapping: Past, Present and Future .................................................................... 93 Stan Hutchinson Remapping Zambia for Census, Elections and Other Needs .......................................................................... 95 Alick R. Mwanza A National Topographic Database for the 21st Century Paradigm Shifts in Business Process and Technology ................................................................................. 103 Geoff Howard, Robin Pickering, Dave Mole, and Peter Woodsford Legislation of the Russian Federation on place names ................................................................................. 115 Ghaioz Donidze, Igor Maximov, and Alexander Soudakov Bilan cartographique mondial des pays en difficulté analysé à l’aide de l’Indice de Développement Cartographique (IDC). ..................................................................................... 121 Yves Baudouin, Pierre Inkel, and Martin Lapointe PETIT - mapping across borders .................................................................................................................. 125 Olav Eggers and Bernard Farrell Geoinformational Mapping .......................................................................................................................... 133 Alexander M. Berlyant The tendencies of developing the geoinformation system for bodies of state authority in Russia and CIS .................................................................................................................. 141 V.N. Aleksandrov and R.B. Iakovleva The New Israeli Regulations for Surveying and Mapping: Standardization of Digital Cartography .......... 143 Yerahmiel Doytsher, Joseph Forrai, and Amnon Krupnik Implementation of a new military topographic production system into the Army Topographic Support Establishment, Bendigo Australia ................................................................... 149 Brian McLachlan Establishment of Government GIS and Its Application ............................................................................... 155 Zhang Qingpu Geographic Information Systems Censual Rural Cartography of the Argentine Republic .......................... 159 Pablo A. Delsere, Ana M. Garra, Carlos A. Jimenez, and Marina Miraglia LEEE • Ottawa ICA / ACI 1999 - Proceedings / Actes GEO-INFO - The Polish System of Detailed Land Information .................................................................. 165 Aleksander Danielski and Ireneusz Wyczalek Revision of Maps Registrating only True Changes ...................................................................................... 173 Peter Højholt and Jørgen Grum New Methods to Meet New Demands on Small Scale Databases at the National Land Survey of Sweden ................................................................................................................. 181 Agneta Engberg, Inger Persson, and Anders Rydén CEP, CIMIC and GIS. Co-operation in order to do the right things on the right spots. ............................... 189 Tomas Bornestaf Experiences in Quality Management and Quality Control in Topographic Data Production at National Land Survey of Finland ............................................................. 193 Antti Jakobsson Quality needs more than Standards .............................................................................................................. 203 Francis Harvey How the Cartographer Can Address ISO-9000 Element 20, Statistical Techniques .................................... 211 Jeff Simley IGAC’S Quality System ‘Design and Implementation’ ............................................................................... 221 Luz Angela Rocha Salamanca Standardization of Spatial Data for Exchange in Japan................................................................................ 227 Hiroshi Murakami, Shinji Takazawa, Masanori Sugiyama, Norishige Kubo, and Toyohisa Iizuka SECTION 03 ATLASES / ATLAS .......................................................................................................................................... 233 Towards High Standard Interactive Atlases: The “GIS and Multimedia Cartography” Approach ..................................................................................... 235 Hans Rudolf Bär and René Sieber Integration of analytical GIS-functions in Multimedia Atlas Information Systems ..................................... 243 Barbara Schneider Internet Atlas of Switzerland - New developments and improvements ....................................................... 251 Andreas Neumann and Daniel Richard An Overview of the National Atlas of Canada ............................................................................................. 261 Joanne Frappier and Donna Williams The New and Improved Base Framework For National Atlas Data............................................................. 267 Rupert Brooks Table of Contents / Table des matières • EN Partnerships and the Evolution of The National Atlas of Canada ................................................................ 275 Stefan Palko Atlas of Québec and it’s regions: A multimedia cartography product on the tool Internet .......................... 285 Jean Carrière National Atlas of the Federal Republic of Germany .................................................................................... 289 Christian Lambrecht and Sabine Tzschaschel Development of a GIS Online for the Atlas of the “Sabana de Bogota” ...................................................... 299 Nancy Aguirre and Xander Bakker Electronic Atlases in Poland: Concepts, Development and the Present Status ............................................ 307 Maria Andrzejewska, Marek Baranowski, and Michal Okonek Creation of the electronic version of the National atlas of Russia ............................................................... 315 Victor V. Sveshnikov and Vitaly L. Khomutov Status of Atlas Cartography in Tanzania — ‘Meeting specific group demand of maps and creation of large scale Digital dB.’...................................... 319 L. Vincenty Mtaroni The conception of atlas for students and applicants ..................................................................................... 329 Alexander Wolodtschenko and Viktor Rudsky Development of School Atlases for Local Studies ....................................................................................... 331 Rosângela Doin de Almeida Découvrir la géographie au moyen d’un atlas scolaire de sa commune ....................................................... 337 Janine Gisèle Le Sann A New Swedish School Atlas....................................................................................................................... 347 Margareta Elg Geography Education with Books and Atlas Information System — What Nils Holgersson Can Teach Us ........................................................................................................... 351 Björn Svensson, Wolter Arnberg, and Ulla Arnberg Creating an Atlas of American Indians in the United States: Issues and Prospects ..................................... 353 Daniel G. Cole and William J. Gribb Compilation of the Electronic Atlas “Space Methods in Geoecology”. Demo-version ............................... 361 Valentina I. Kravtsova and Vyacheslav V. Goryachko Atlas of Sustainable Development of Russia - Mocking at Reality or Vital Importance? ........................... 369 Oleg A. Evteev, Vladimir S. Tikunov, and Leniana F. Yanvareva The Design and Compilation of Marine Policy Atlas of China ................................................................... 373 JingHai Du and Zhen Tian N • Ottawa ICA / ACI 1999 - Proceedings / Actes SECTION 04 CULTURE, PEOPLE, AND EDUCATION / CULTURE, PEUPLES, ET EDUCATION ............................................ 375 The Changing Face of Indigenous Mapping ................................................................................................ 377 Teresa C. Crowley and Gary J. Hunter Map Worlds: A Conceptual Framework for the Study of Gender and Cartography .................................... 387 W.C. van den Hoonaard and S. Nichols Pre-twentieth Century Women in Cartography—Who are the Groundbreakers? ........................................ 401 Alice C. Hudson Status of Women Cartographers in IRAN .................................................................................................... 407 Amir Saeed Homainejad The Contribution of Russian Women to the Development of Cartography ................................................. 413 Tamara V. Vereshchaka The Barbara Petchenik Children’s Map Award: QUO VADIS? ................................................................... 419 Jacqueline M. Anderson Mapping Memories and Places: A Cartography For and By the Elderly ..................................................... 429 Regina Araujo de Almeida (Vasconcellos) The Vienna City Information System for Wheelchair Tourists (VIST)— Selected Aspects of Design and Technical Realization ................................................................................ 437 Doris Teufelsbrucker Maps for the visually handicapped ............................................................................................................... 445 G.S. Kumar Tactile map design using found materials .................................................................................................... 453 A.F. Tatham Sonic Method as Educational Aid for Blind Students – Polish Experience ................................................. 459 Ewa Krzywicka-Blum and Janusz Kuchmister Maps for persons with disabilities. ‘Utilizing blind and visually impaired people’s talent in Tanzania’ ..... 465 L. Vincenty Mtaroni Teaching design with student-led tactile campus mapping .......................................................................... 473 Chris Perkins Pour une didactique du langage cartographique à l’école secondaire .......................................................... 483 Aïcha Benimmas, Jean-Louis Raveneau, and M’hammed Zgor Combining Traditional and Modern Methods in Practical School Cartography .......................................... 493 Joanna Bac-Bronowicz Table of Contents / Table des matières • NE Promoting children’s collaborative learning in cartography with a software mapping tool ......................... 499 Patrick Wiegand and Kenneth Tait Aerospace imagery in education at schools .................................................................................................. 507 Ekaterina R.Chalova The Interaction of the Didactic of Cartography and Geography .................................................................. 511 Byron Nakos, Vassiliki Filippakopoulou, and Evanthia Michaelidou Field Mapping: Taking and Making the Map Outdoors .............................................................................. 521 Aileen R. Buckley Cartographic Education as a Foundation for Atmospheric Science Study ................................................... 529 James R. Carter Educational, Multimedia, Geo-Cartographic Software in Chile .................................................................. 537 Pablo Gran Coronel Education and Training in Cartography at the University of Applied Sciences in Munich, Germany ........ 545 Eva-Maria Forster SECTION 05 CAPITALIZING ON NEW TECHNOLOGIES / TIRER PARTI DES NOUVELLES TECHNOLOGIES ....................... 547 Maps for the Future: A Discussion ............................................................................................................... 549 J. Raul Ramirez Thinking Aloud about Exploratory Cartography.......................................................................................... 559 Corné P.J.M. van Elzakker Trends in Internet Map Use – A Second Look ............................................................................................. 571 Michael P. Peterson Sharing Vector Geospatial Data on the Internet ........................................................................................... 581 Barbara P. Buttenfield Multimedia Visualization for Maps of the Future ........................................................................................ 591 Kosta Bidoshi, J. Raul Ramirez, and Terrence Caelli Multimedia Cartography Approaches to the Presentation of Geographical Information ............................. 601 William Cartwright, Michael P. Peterson, and Georg Gartner Tools for Cartographic Visualization of Statistical Data on the Internet ...................................................... 607 Alessandro Cecconi, Christopher Shenton, and Robert Weibel National Mapping Organisations and the World Wide Web, challenges and opportunities ......................... 619 Menno-Jan Kraak and Rob Hootsmans NEE • Ottawa ICA / ACI 1999 - Proceedings / Actes Mapping Cyberspace: Visualising, Exploring and Analysing Virtual Worlds ............................................. 629 Bin Jiang and Ferjan Ormeling Concept and Implementation of an Interactive, Cartographic Virtual Reality System ................................ 637 Gerd Buziek and Jürgen Döllner Virtual Globes – A New Era for Globes? ..................................................................................................... 649 Andreas Riedl Cartographic issues in the design and application of geospatial virtual environments ................................ 657 Alan M. MacEachren, Menno-Jan Kraak, and Edward Verbree Development of Interactive Tools for the Exploration of Large Geographic Databases .............................. 667 Robert M. Edsall Problems and Solutions Visualising Multi-dimensional Fuzzy Spatial Data ............................................... 677 Jo Wood, Lucy Bastin, and Peter Fisher The Development of a Hybrid Discrete/Distributed Interactive Multimedia Package for Teaching Geographical Concepts by Exploration ........................................................................................ 679 William Cartwright Visualization of Urban Growth Using Temporal Cartographic Animation: A proposed case study of Nairobi, Kenya .................................................................................................... 691 P.J. Ogao - travel award winner Monitoring of spatio-temporal changes: characteristics of dynamics for visual exploration ....................... 699 Connie Blok Evaluation of Classification Methodologies for Animated Choropleth Maps ............................................. 711 Rex G. Cammack and David K. Patton Development of Three-Dimensional Online Mapping Visualizations ......................................................... 721 Jeremy W. Crampton Temporal Focusing and Temporal Brushing: Assessing their Impact in Geographic Visualization .................................................................................... 729 Mark Harrower, Amy L. Griffin, and Alan M. MacEachren Cartographic Visualization and Animation of the Dynamic Geographic Processes and Phenomena ......................................................................................... 739 Dragan Stojanovic - travel award winner Slobodanka Djordjevic-Kajan, Antonija Mitrovic, and Zoran Stojanovic GIS Visualization Support to the C4.5 Classification Algorithm of KDD ................................................... 747 Gennady L. Andrienko and Natalia V. Andrienko Visual Cognition Experiments on Electronic Maps ..................................................................................... 757 Chen Yufen Table of Contents / Table des matières • NEEE Automated Viewshed Analysis for Configurational Analysis of Retail Facilities ....................................... 765 David Chapman, Fotini Kontou, Alan Penn, and Alasdair Turner Rule Based Generalization of Buildings for 3D-Visualization..................................................................... 773 Monika Sester and Adolf Klein Virtual Reality in Visualisation, Planning and Design of Roads .................................................................. 785 Patrik Ottoson The Thematic Mapping Information Module of the Visualization System for Urban Planning in the State of Paraná, Brazil ...................................................... 795 Claudia Robbi 3D Cartographic Modeling in City Environment ......................................................................................... 805 Temenoujka Bandrova - travel award winner and Katerina Ivanova Web Based Cartography in Croatia .............................................................................................................. 813 Davor Škrlec and Slavko Krajcar A new digital map of Europe for multimedia applications ........................................................................... 823 Ch. Brandenberger Cartographie Dynamique Des Déplacements Intra-Urbains ........................................................................ 831 Jean Marc Orhan Two Prototypes for an On-Line GIS Application for the Helsinki Metropolitan Area Registers Supporting Queries, Analyses and Visualisation ............................. 839 Tuija Rajala and Kirsi Artimo SECTION 06 DESIGN AND PRODUCTION / DESSIN ET PRODUCTION ............................................................................ 847 Problems in screen map design .................................................................................................................... 849 Mette Arleth Area-Normalized Thematic Views ............................................................................................................... 859 T. Alan Keahey Color Perception Research on Electronic Maps ........................................................................................... 869 Chen Yufen Interface Design Issues For Interactive Animated Maps.............................................................................. 875 Sven Fuhrmann and Werner Kuhn National Place Name Register Integrated with Cartographic Names Register for Multiple Scales and Products.................................................................. 885 Teemu Leskinen NEL • Ottawa ICA / ACI 1999 - Proceedings / Actes Label placement for dynamically generated screen maps ............................................................................ 893 Ingo Petzold, Lutz Plümer, and Markus Heber Towards an Evaluation of Quality for Label Placement Methods ................................................................ 905 Steven van Dijk, Marc van Kreveld, Tycho Strijk, and Alexander Wolff Production flowcharting for mapping organisations: A guide for both lecturers and production managers.................................................................................... 915 Sjef J.F.M. van der Steen Automatic Bilingual Name Placement of 1:1000 Map Sheets of Hong Kong ............................................. 925 Lilian S.C. Pun-Cheng and Geoffrey Y.K. Shea A Model for Standardizing Cartographic Depiction of International Boundaries at Small to Medium Scales ................................................................................... 931 Leo Dillon Conception de cartes pour l’étude comparative de l’urbanisation de trois pays du Maghreb ...................................................................................................... 937 Vanessa Rousseaux Coping with Qualitative-Quantitative Data in Meteorological Cartography: Standardization, Ergonomics, and Facilitated Viewing ................................................................................ 947 Mark Monmonier Noise in Urban Environment: Problems of Representation and Communication ........................................ 955 Jean-Claude Muller, Holger Scharlach, and Matthias Jäger The Visualization of Population Distribution in a Cartographic Information System— Aspects of Technical Realization of Dot Maps on Screen............................................................................ 965 Robert Ditz VOLUME 2 SECTION 07 RELIEF / TOPOGRAPHIE ............................................................................................................................... 973 “Real” 3D Technologies for Relief Depiction .............................................................................................. 975 Sabine Kirschenbauer and Manfred F. Buchroithner Visualisation of Scale Dependencies in Surface Models .............................................................................. 983 Jo Wood Maps in transition: development of interactive vector-based topographic 3D-maps ................................... 993 Andrea Terribilini Table of Contents / Table des matières • NL Perspectives and Design in High Mountain Cartography .......................................................................... 1003 Karel Kriz Terrain Elevation Data Structure Operations .............................................................................................. 1011 Wm. Randolph Franklin and Michael B. Gousie A Concept for model generalization of digital landscape models from finer to coarser resolution ........... 1021 Dieter Morgenstern and Dietrich Schürer Automated Relief Representation for Visualisation of Archaeological Monuments ................................. 1029 Adrienne O’Loughlin and William A. Mackaness Symbolization in topographic 3D-maps: Conceptual aspects for user-oriented design ............................. 1037 Christian Haeberling Digital Cliff Drawing for Topographic Maps ............................................................................................. 1045 Lorenz Hurni, Andreas Neumann, and Ernst Hutzler Computing and Visualizing Morphologically Sound DEMs in a Raster Environment .............................. 1053 Juha Oksanen and Olli Jaakkola SECTION 08 GENERALIZATION / GÉNÉRALISATION ....................................................................................................... 1061 Automated Cartographic Generalization: Approach and Methods ............................................................ 1063 Jean-François Hangouët, Sylvie Lamy The Future of Automated Map Generalization ........................................................................................... 1073 Brian E. Smith, Henry L. Jackson, and Reid L. Maier Issues and Solutions to Displacement in Map Generalisation .................................................................... 1081 William A. Mackaness and Ross Purves Holistic Cartographic Generalization by Least Squares Adjustment for Large Data Sets ......................... 1091 Tapani Sarjakoski and Tiina Kilpeläinen A “Genuine” Approach to Line Generalization ......................................................................................... 1099 Albert H. J. Christensen Customisable Line Generalisation using Delaunay Triangulation ............................................................. 1107 Peter van der Poorten and Christopher B. Jones Généralisation Automatique du Linéaire: Quelques outils pour mesurer la forme des routes ................... 1115 Xavier Barillot A System for Automated Generalisation of Contour Lines ....................................................................... 1127 Zhilin Li, Haigang Sui and Jianya Gong NLE • Ottawa ICA / ACI 1999 - Proceedings / Actes Integrating Vector and Raster-Based Techniques for the Generalization of Categorical Data ................... 1135 Beat Peter and Robert Weibel Raster-based generalisation of polygon data, with special reference to coastlines .................................... 1147 Allan Brown Computational Methods for the Automated Symbolization of 1:24,000 and 1:100,000 USGS SDTS Data ................................................................................................ 1155 Francisco Brazile Algorithmes de Généralisation basés sur le Lissage de la Courbure .......................................................... 1165 Emmanuel Fritsch and Sylvie Lamy Dynamic Generalisation from Single Detailed Database to Support Web Based Interaction .................... 1175 Elizabeth Glover and William A. Mackaness Exploiting parametric line description in the assessment of generalization quality ................................... 1185 Lysandros Tsoulos and Andriani Skopeliti Generalization processes in numerical cartography: Analysis of landscape patterns using tools of characterization .................................................................. 1195 Valérie Caldairou, François Blasco, and Michel Gay Optimal Map Generalization: Saving time with appropriate measures of imperfection. ........................... 1205 Michael E. Lonergan, Christopher B. Jones, and J. Mark Ware The ‘Good Continuation’ Principle of Perceptual Organization Applied to the Generalization of Road Networks....................................................................................... 1215 Robert C. Thomson and Dianne E. Richardson The Application of Agents in Automated Map Generalisation .................................................................. 1225 Sylvie Lamy and Anne Ruas, Yves Demazeau, Mike Jackson, William A. Mackaness, and Robert Weibel New Cartographic Generalization Tools .................................................................................................... 1235 Dan Lee SECTION 09 DATABASE, STANDARDS, AND MODELLING / BASE DE DONNÉES, STANDARDS, ET MODÉLISATION ................................................................................ 1243 The Integrated Data Model for the Spatiotemporal Phenomena ................................................................ 1245 Morishige Ota Semi-Automatic Change Detection for Updating of Large Scale Spatial Databases ................................. 1253 Roshanak Darvishzadeh - travel award winner Table of Contents / Table des matières • NLEE Spatio-Temporal Formalization: Incorporating the Concept of Change in Cartographic Modeling .............................................................. 1265 George Panopoulos and Marinos Kavouras Archiving the Cartographic Record: The Canadian Experience ................................................................ 1275 Betty Kidd Building Aerial Photograph Referencing System and Providing Service on the Net ................................ 1287 Noboru Kobori On the automatic retrieval of updates in geographic databases based on geographic data matching tools ................................................................................................... 1291 Thierry Badard A fully integrated Geospatial Data Warehouse .......................................................................................... 1301 François Létourneau Interactive, User-Oriented, Error Modelling Designed to Support Rural Spatial Analysis and Information Production ..................................................................... 1311 David Fraser Active Object Techniques for Production of Multiple Map and Geodata Products from a Spatial Database ................................................................................................. 1321 P.G. Hardy Application of Method of Object-Oriented Analysis for Multi-Detailed Representation of Cartographic Data ................................................................................. 1341 Michael O. Govorov, Aleksej G. Khorev, and Elena L. Kasjianova Multi-scale representation of raster drainage network based on model .................................................... 1353 Yaolin Liu and Martien Molenaar Production and “Intelligence” of Rasater Maps ......................................................................................... 1359 C. Armenakis, E. Siekierska, F. Hegyi, and P. Pilon Enhancing a Database Management System for GIS with Fuzzy Set Methodologies ............................... 1367 Emmanuel Stefanakis and Timos Sellis A Model-based Approach to Geological Map Representation ................................................................... 1377 Boyan Brodaric Maintaining Parallel Map-Datasets ............................................................................................................ 1389 Peter Højholt A Case Study of Propagating Updates between Cartographic Data Sets ................................................... 1397 Lars Harrie and Anna-Karin Hellström Managing Québec’s Cadastral Database .................................................................................................... 1403 Michel Morneau and Daniel Roberge NLEEE • Ottawa ICA / ACI 1999 - Proceedings / Actes Implications cartographiques de la rénovation cadastrale au Québec ........................................................ 1411 Yaïves Ferland Object-Oriented Modeling Approach on Geo-Databases and Cartographic Products ............................... 1423 Leena Salo-Merta Image data compression methods and the assessment of map complexity ................................................ 1433 David Fairbairn Modelling Objects for Screen Map Design ................................................................................................ 1441 Mats Dunkars and Anna Bergman A Spline Function is Applied in Map-Projection Transformation ............................................................. 1449 Yinxiang Yuan SECTION 10 REMOTE SENSING / TÉLÉDÉTECTION ÉLECTROMAGNÉTIQUE ...................................................................................................... 1453 Topographic Mapping of the Earth from Space: A Case of Unrealised Potential ...................................... 1455 Robert Wright Production of topographical maps of low- and high-mountain terrain by means of high-resolution In-SAR-data .................................................................................................. 1463 Thomas Damoiseaux Road Extraction from Stereo RADARSAT Data ....................................................................................... 1479 Thierry Toutin Focal photomaps for urban use ................................................................................................................... 1489 Chryssoula Boutoura, Evangelos Livieratos, and Petros Patias An Application Joined DTM and SAR for the realisation of a Cartography of the damages caused from an earthquake (Example of Irpinia/South Italy) ...................................................... 1497 A. Achilli, S. Borgstrom, and A. Vettore Satellite observations for geothermal energy in the Savalan (Sabalan) volcanic fields in Azerbaijan-Iran ................................................................................ 1503 E. Ghanbari Mapping Mangrove Forest by Using Radarsat Imageries .......................................................................... 1507 Ratna Saraswati and Sugeng Rahardjo Correlation of Satellite Images and Field Spectrum for Estimation on Turbidity of Small Lakes and Ponds ................................................................................... 1515 Hussam Al Bilibishi, Abdull Rahim Hamdan, and Yasuo Obikane Table of Contents / Table des matières • NEN Forest Mapping with the Use of Remote Sensing and GIS Kozienice Forest Case ................................................................................................................................ 1521 Emilia Wisniewska, Tomasz Zawila-Niedzwiecki, and Maria Iracka The Application Research of Auxiliary Parameters in Thematic Mapping of Image ................................ 1525 Fu Suxing, Chen Haiyao, and Fu Qiaomei SECTION 11 ENVIRONMENT, GEOLOGY AND RISK / LENVIRONNEMENT, GÉOLOGIE, ET RISQUE ............................................................................................... 1531 TeleMap/DSS: Integration of GIS and Decision Support Systems for Agricultural Management. ........... 1533 Tatiana Delgado Fernández, Erick Hernández Darias, and Daniel Ponce de León A Study of Spatial Layout of Environmental Punctual and Surface Elements in Agricultural Area Management .................................................................................................................. 1539 Halina Klimczak Evaluation of Agricultural Influence on the Natural Environment by GIS ................................................ 1549 Ludmila Karpovich, Anatoly Kosikov The Evolution of Eucaliptus and Sugarcane Cultures in the County of Torrinha (São Paulo, Brazil) Through the Use of Digital Cartography Techniques.................. 1553 André Marciel Bonini and José Flávio Morais Castro Mapping of the urban areas evolution and evaluation of urbanization impact on agricultural lands ................................................................................................... 1561 Hassan Anys and Mohamed Wakrim Mapping of landslide zones and relationship of the fractures and faults resulting from earthquake hazards in the Bozgoush-Dagh SE of Tabriz city in Azarbaidjan-IRAN ................................. 1569 E. Ghanbari Cartographie de L’environnement Communautaire Çomme Outils d’ Education et Transference des Connaissances Tecniques ............................................................................................... 1573 Antonia Brito Rodrigues et Orlando Nunes Cossenza Swedish CORINE Land Cover – a new mapping completed by 2002 ....................................................... 1579 Märta Syrén Spatial Analysis and Mapping of Leptospirosis Disease in the Urban Area of Sao Paulo, Brazil, Using GIS. ............................................................................................ 1587 Marcos Cesar Ferreira The Making Use of the Urban Soil and the Environmental Problems of Itajuba (MG) ............................. 1593 Roseana Corrêa Grilo NN • Ottawa ICA / ACI 1999 - Proceedings / Actes The Compilation of 1:4,000,000 Map of the Chinese Nature Reserves ..................................................... 1599 Zhang Longsheng Un outil d’aide à la gestion du territoire partie I: Les cadres écologiques de référence en atlas ............................................................................................. 1603 Yves Lachance et Vincent Gerardin Un outil d’aide à la gestion du territoire partie II: Le système d’information sur le territoire du bassin versant de la rivière Saint-Charles, Québec ............................................................. 1607 Jean Bissonnette et Vincent Gerardin The forest “green belt” around Moscow (experience of mapping). ........................................................... 1611 Lyudmila Emelyanova and Sergey Podolsky Changes’s Analysis of Land Uses in An Area of Buenos Aires, Argentina ............................................... 1615 Oscar R. Olivares Romina Plastina - travel award winner The Mapping of Actual Vegetation of the Caspian Sea Region ................................................................. 1619 Irina Safronova Maps of the 3 National Parks in Poland as an illustration of the specific approach to cartographic presentation of various landscape forms in protected areas. ................................................. 1627 Jacek Drachal and Waldemar Rudnicki Dynamics of low-lying Kalmykian coast under the Caspian Sea level rise conditions: 1990-s .................................................................................................. 1631 Valentina I. Kravtsova and Svetlana A. Lukyanova Évaluation spatiale de l’impact et de l’insertion des projets d’aménagement dans le paysage ............................................................................. 1639 Kamal Serrhini Series of Ecological Geographic Maps of Various Eco-Systems: Conceptual Models and Development Experience ..................................................................................... 1647 Victor P. Savinykh, Tamara V. Vereshchaka, Irina E. Kourbatova, Irina V. Mitkova, and Andrey M. Portnov Current Works on Environmental Cartography for Sustainable Development in Poland .......................... 1655 Krzysztof Koreleski Real-time Flood Analyzing System with Integration of Raster and Vector Date ....................................... 1661 Chang Yanqing and Zhang Fuhao Geocartographie et feux de végétation au Chili tempéré. ........................................................................... 1665 Víctor Quintanilla Modern Challenges of Geological Cartography ......................................................................................... 1673 Alexandr I. Burde and Sergei I. Strelnikov Table of Contents / Table des matières • NNE SECTION 12 CHARTING AND NAVIGATION / CARTOGRAPHIE MARINE ET NAVIGATION ............................................ 1681 Electronic Navigational Charting around Australia: Finally, we get to the cartographic production bit! ..................................................................................... 1683 Ronald A. Furness The Cartographic Generalization of Soundings on Chart by Artificial Neural Network Techniques ........ 1691 Jia Yao Wang and Zhen Tian Performance Measurement of Combined Versus Separate Radar and Electronic Chart Displays ............. 1695 Don C. Donderi and Sharon McFadden The Challenges of Production of ENC Cells and Paper Charts from one Common Database .................. 1703 Tiina Tuurnala and Ismo Laitakari An expert system approach for the design and composition of nautical charts.......................................... 1713 Lysandros Tsoulos and Konstantinos Stefanakis Croatian State Boundary at the Adriatic Sea .............................................................................................. 1721 Ivka Tunjic and Miljenko Lapaine Production of Thematic Nautical Charts and Handbooks for the Sea Area of the Eastern Adriatic Coast ........................................................................................... 1731 Slavko Horvat, Zeljko Zeleznjak, and Tea Duplancic The use of global mathematical models in the cartography of marine sandbanks ..................................... 1737 Tom Vande Wiele Making practical and effective electronic aeronautical charts .................................................................... 1745 Sonia Rivest, Rupert Brooks, and Bob Johnson Environmental Mapping of Russia’s Seas Using GIS ................................................................................ 1755 I. Suetova and L. Ushakova Airborne remote sensing for water quality mapping on the coastal zone of Abruzzo (Italy) .................... 1761 Claudio Conese, Marco Benvenuti, and Paola Grande SECTION 13 PLANETARY CARTOGRAPHY / CARTOGRAPHIE PLANÉTAIRE .................................................................... 1769 Planetary Cartography in the New Millennium .......................................................................................... 1771 Kira B. Shingareva, Bianna V. Krasnopevtseva, and James R. Zimbelman Multilingual Mars Map – First in a New Series of Planetary Maps ........................................................... 1775 Manfred F. Buchroithner NNEE • Ottawa ICA / ACI 1999 - Proceedings / Actes Mathematical planetary cartography basis for non-spherical celestial bodies ........................................... 1779 Maxim V. Nyrtsov - travel award winner, Lev M. Bugaevsky, and Kira B. Shingareva The Mars Pathfinder Landing Site—A Topographic Image Map 1 : 200 000 ........................................... 1785 Hartmut Lehmann, Jörg Albertz, Marita Wählisch, Wolfgang Zeitler, and Gerhard Neukum Planetary Mapping Activities and Plans of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) ................................................................................................................... 1795 James R. Zimbelman and Kenneth L. Tanaka SECTION 14 HISTORY AND THOUGHT / HISTOIRE ET LIGNES DE PENSÉE ..................................................................... 1797 Resurgence in Cartography: Getting Back to Basics .................................................................................. 1799 Timothy Trainor What is a Map? ........................................................................................................................................... 1807 David Forrest Towards a New Understanding of Maps – Concerning the Concepts of Quality used in Cartography ......................................................................... 1811 Georg Gartner La démocratisation des cartes ou les cartes pour tous et chacun / Maps liberation or maps for everyone ........................................................................................................ 1819 Majella-J. Gauthier The Field of Analytical Cartography: Scope, Contents and Prospects ....................................................... 1827 Harold Moellering What definitions are needed in cartography? ............................................................................................. 1839 Janusz Golaski Revitalising interest on History of Cartography ......................................................................................... 1845 Evangelos Livieratos, M. Myridis, A. Fotiou, D. Rossikopoulos, I. N. Tziavos Twentieth Century American Academic Cartography ............................................................................... 1851 Robert B. McMaster and Susanna A. McMaster Twentieth-Century European and American Studies on the History of Chinese Cartography ................................................................................................................. 1861 Tao-chang Chiang The probe of the origins of the most primitive maps in China ................................................................... 1867 Luliangzhi Liuzheng Table of Contents / Table des matières • NNEEE The use of maps and the attendant materials with historical and ethographic view and while study population (an example of Bashkiria) ..................................................................................... 1871 Aibulat Psyanchin Materials of the Military-Scientific Archives’ Fund, belonging to the Russian State Archives of the Military History (Moscow), and their importance for the Studies on the History of Cartography ................................................................ 1875 Alexei V. Postnikov Cartographie de la Nouvelle-France Discours colonial sur l’Amérique et géographie autochtone ...................................................................... 1883 Étienne Rivard Meaning in Cartographic Semiology .......................................................................................................... 1893 Vesna Ikonovic The Changes in Geographical Thought and their Impact on Messages Represented by Maps .................. 1901 Drora Pakula-Shlomi NNEL • Ottawa ICA / ACI 1999 - Proceedings / Actes AUTHOR INDEX / INDEX DES AUTEURS Author / Auteurs ........................................ Volume 1 ................................................................... Volume 2 ) Achilli, A. ......................................................... 1497 Aguirre, Nancy ................................................... 299 Albertz, Jörg ..................................................... 1785 Aleksandrov, V.N. ............................................... 141 Anderson, Jacqueline M. .................................... 419 Andrienko, Gennady L. ...................................... 747 Andrienko, Natalia V. ......................................... 747 Andrzejewska, Maria .......................................... 307 Anys, Hassan .................................................... 1561 Araujo de Almeida (Vasconcellos), Regina ........ 429 Arleth, Mette ....................................................... 849 Armenakis, C. ................................................... 1359 Arnberg, Ulla ...................................................... 351 Arnberg, Wolter .................................................. 351 Artimo, Kirsi ....................................................... 839 B Bac-Bronowicz, Joanna ...................................... 493 Badard, Thierry ................................................. 1291 Bakker, Xander ................................................... 299 Bandrova, Temenoujka ....................................... 805 Bär, Hans Rudolf ................................................ 235 Baranowski, Marek ............................................. 307 Barillot, Xavier .................................................. 1115 Bastin, Lucy ........................................................ 677 Baudouin, Yves ................................................... 121 Bégin, Daniel ........................................................ 87 Benimmas, Aïcha................................................ 483 Benvenuti, Marco ............................................. 1761 Bergman, Anna ................................................. 1441 Berlyant, Alexander M. ...................................... 133 Bidoshi, Kosta .................................................... 591 Bilibishi, Hussam Al......................................... 1515 Bissonnette, Jean .............................................. 1607 Blasco, François................................................ 1195 Blok, Connie ....................................................... 699 Bonini, André Marciel ...................................... 1553 Borgstrom, S. .................................................... 1497 Bornestaf, Tomas ................................................ 189 Boutoura, Chryssoula ....................................... 1489 Bowler, Barbara .................................................... 75 Brandenberger, Ch. ............................................. 823 Brazile, Francisco ............................................. 1155 Brodaric, Boyan ................................................ 1377 Brooks, Rupert .......................................... 267, 1745 Brown, Allan .................................................... 1147 Buchroithner, Manfred F........................... 975, 1775 Buckley, Aileen R. .............................................. 521 Bugaevsky, Lev M. ........................................... 1779 Burde, Alexandr I. ............................................ 1673 Buttenfield, Barbara P. ........................................ 581 Buziek, Gerd ....................................................... 637 C Caelli, Terrence ................................................... 591 Caldairou, Valérie ............................................. 1195 Cammack, Rex G. ............................................... 711 Carrière, Jean ...................................................... 285 Carter, James R. .................................................. 529 Cartwright, William .................................... 601, 679 Castro, José Flávio Morais ............................... 1553 Cecconi, Alessandro ........................................... 607 Chapman, David ................................................. 765 Chiang, Tao-chang ............................................ 1861 Christensen, Albert H. J. ................................... 1099 Cole, Daniel G. ................................................... 353 Conese, Claudio ................................................ 1761 Coronel, Pablo Gran ........................................... 537 Cossenza, Orlando Nunes ................................. 1573 Crampton, Jeremy W. ......................................... 721 Crowley, Teresa C. .............................................. 377 D Damoiseaux, Thomas ....................................... 1463 Danielski, Aleksander ......................................... 165 Darias, Erick Hernández ................................... 1533 Darvishzadeh, Roshanak .................................. 1253 Delsere, Pablo A. ................................................ 159 Demazeau, Yves ............................................... 1225 Dillon, Leo .......................................................... 931 Ditz, Robert ........................................................ 965 Author Index / Index des auteurs • NNL Djordjevic-Kajan, Slobodanka ........................... 739 Doin de Almeida, Rosângela .............................. 331 Döllner, Jürgen.................................................... 637 Donderi, Don C. ............................................... 1695 Donidze, Ghaioz ................................................. 115 Doytsher, Yerahmiel ........................................... 143 Drachal, Jacek ................................................... 1627 Du, JingHai ......................................................... 373 Dunkars, Mats ................................................... 1441 Duplancic, Tea .................................................. 1731 E Edsall, Robert M. ................................................ 667 Eggers, Olav ....................................................... 125 Ekaterina R.Chalova ........................................... 507 Elg, Margareta .................................................... 347 Emelyanova, Lyudmila ..................................... 1611 Engberg, Agneta ................................................. 181 Evteev, Oleg A. ................................................... 369 Gauthier, Majella-J. .......................................... 1819 Gay, Michel ...................................................... 1195 Gerardin, Vincent.................................... 1603, 1607 Ghanbari, E. ............................................ 1503, 1569 Glover, Elizabeth .............................................. 1175 Golaski, Janusz ................................................. 1839 Gong, Jianya ..................................................... 1127 Goodchild, Michael F. ............................................ 5 Goryachko, Vyacheslav V. .................................. 361 Gousie, Michael B. ........................................... 1011 Govorov, Michael O. ........................................ 1341 Grande, Paola.................................................... 1761 Gribb, William J. ................................................ 353 Griffin, Amy L. ................................................... 729 Grilo, Roseana Corrêa ...................................... 1593 Grum, Jørgen ...................................................... 173 H Fairbairn, David ................................................ 1433 Fang, Huang ......................................................... 51 Farrell, Bernard ................................................... 125 Ferland, Yaïves ................................................. 1411 Fernández, Tatiana Delgado ............................. 1533 Ferreira, Marcos Cesar ..................................... 1587 Filippakopoulou, Vassiliki .................................. 511 Fisher, Peter ........................................................ 677 Forrai, Joseph ..................................................... 143 Forrest, David ................................................... 1807 Forster, Eva-Maria .............................................. 545 Fotiou, A. .......................................................... 1845 Franklin, Wm. Randolph .................................. 1011 Frappier, Joanne .................................................. 261 Fraser, David ............................................... 75, 1311 Fritsch, Emmanuel ............................................ 1165 Fuhao, Zhang .................................................... 1661 Fuhrmann, Sven .................................................. 875 Furness, Ronald A. ........................................... 1683 Haeberling, Christian ........................................ 1037 Haiyao, Chen .................................................... 1525 Hamdan, Abdull Rahim .................................... 1515 Hangouët, Jean-François .................................. 1063 Hardy, P.G. ........................................................ 1321 Harrie, Lars ....................................................... 1397 Harrower, Mark .................................................. 729 Harvey, Francis ................................................... 203 Heber, Markus .................................................... 893 Hegyi, F. ........................................................... 1359 Hellström, Anna-Karin ..................................... 1397 Hissong, Frank S. ................................................. 59 Højholt, Peter ............................................ 173, 1389 Holger Scharlach ................................................ 955 Homainejad, Amir Saeed .................................... 407 Hootsmans, Rob ................................................. 619 Horvat, Slavko .................................................. 1731 Howard, Geoff .................................................... 103 Hudson, Alice C. ................................................ 401 Hunter, Gary J. .................................................... 377 Hurni, Lorenz.................................................... 1045 Hutchinson, Stan ................................................... 93 Hutzler, Ernst .................................................... 1045 G I Garra, Ana M. ..................................................... 159 Gartner, Georg .......................................... 601, 1811 Iakovleva, R.B. ................................................... 141 Iizuka, Toyohisa .................................................. 227 F NNLE • Ottawa ICA / ACI 1999 - Proceedings / Actes Ikonovic, Vesna ................................................ 1893 Inkel, Pierre ........................................................ 121 Iracka, Maria ..................................................... 1521 Ivanova, Katerina................................................ 805 J Jaakkola, Olli .................................................... 1053 Jackson, Henry L. ............................................. 1073 Jackson, Mike ................................................... 1225 Jäger, Matthias .................................................... 955 Jakobsson, Antti ................................................. 193 Jean-Claude Muller............................................. 955 Jiang, Bin ............................................................ 629 Jimenez, Carlos A. .............................................. 159 Jingjun, Guo ......................................................... 51 Johnson, Bob .................................................... 1745 Jones, Christopher B. ........................................ 1107 K Karpovich, Ludmila .......................................... 1549 Kasjianova, Elena L. ......................................... 1341 Kavouras, Marinos ........................................... 1265 Keahey, T. Alan .................................................. 859 Khomutov, Vitaly L. ........................................... 315 Khorev, Aleksej G. ........................................... 1341 Kidd, Betty........................................................ 1275 Kirschenbauer, Sabine ........................................ 975 Klein, Adolf ........................................................ 773 Klimczak, Halina .............................................. 1539 Kobori, Noboru ................................................. 1287 Kontou, Fotini ..................................................... 765 Koreleski, Krzysztof ......................................... 1655 Kosikov, Anatoly .............................................. 1549 Kourbatova, Irina E. ......................................... 1647 Kraak, Menno-Jan ...................................... 619, 657 Krajcar, Slavko ................................................... 813 Krasnopevtseva, Bianna V. ............................... 1771 Kravtsova, Valentina I. ............................. 361, 1631 Kriz, Karel ........................................................ 1003 Krupnik, Amnon ................................................. 143 Krzywicka-Blum, Ewa ....................................... 459 Kubo, Norishige ................................................. 227 Kuchmister, Janusz ............................................. 459 Kuhn, Werner ...................................................... 875 Kumar, G.S. ........................................................ 445 L Lachance, Yves ................................................. 1603 Laitakari, Ismo .................................................. 1703 Lambrecht, Christian .......................................... 289 Lamy, Sylvie ................................. 1063, 1165, 1225 Lapaine, Miljenko ............................................. 1721 Lapointe, Martin ................................................. 121 Le Sann, Janine Gisèle ........................................ 337 Lee, Dan............................................................ 1235 Lehmann, Hartmut ............................................ 1785 Leskinen, Teemu ................................................. 885 Létourneau, François ........................................ 1301 Li, Zhilin ........................................................... 1127 Liu, Yaolin ........................................................ 1353 Liuzheng, Luliangzhi ........................................ 1867 Livieratos, Evangelos ............................. 1489, 1845 Lonergan, Michael E. ....................................... 1205 Longsheng, Zhang ............................................ 1599 Lukyanova, Svetlana A. .................................... 1631 M MacEachren, Alan M. ................................. 657, 729 Mackaness, William A. ....... 1029, 1081, 1175, 1225 Maier, Reid L. ................................................... 1073 Marc van Kreveld ............................................... 905 Maximov, Igor .................................................... 115 McFadden, Sharon ............................................ 1695 McLachlan, Brian ............................................... 149 McMaster, Robert B. ........................................ 1851 McMaster, Susanna A. ...................................... 1851 Michaelidou, Evanthia ........................................ 511 Miraglia, Marina ................................................. 159 Mitkova, Irina V. ............................................... 1647 Mitrovic, Antonija .............................................. 739 Moellering, Harold ........................................... 1827 Mole, Dave ......................................................... 103 Molenaar, Martien ............................................ 1353 Monmonier, Mark ............................................... 947 Morgenstern, Dieter .......................................... 1021 Morneau, Michel .............................................. 1403 Morrison, Joel L. .................................................. 43 Mtaroni, L. Vincenty .................................. 319, 465 Murakami, Hiroshi.............................................. 227 Mwanza, Alick R. ................................................. 95 Myridis, M. ....................................................... 1845 Author Index / Index des auteurs • NNLEE N Nakos, Byron ...................................................... 511 Neukum, Gerhard ............................................. 1785 Neumann, Andreas ................................... 251, 1045 Nichols, S. .......................................................... 387 Nyrtsov, Maxim V. ............................................ 1779 O O’Blenes, Paul ...................................................... 75 O’Brien, Kathleen ................................................. 75 O’Loughlin, Adrienne ...................................... 1029 O’Neil, R.A. ......................................................... 65 Obikane, Yasuo ................................................. 1515 Ogao, P.J. ............................................................ 691 Okonek, Michal .................................................. 307 Oksanen, Juha ................................................... 1053 Olivares, Oscar R. ............................................. 1615 Orhan, Jean Marc ................................................ 831 Ormeling, Ferjan ................................................. 629 Ota, Morishige .................................................. 1245 Ottoson, Patrik .................................................... 785 P Pakula-Shlomi, Drora ....................................... 1901 Palko, Stefan ....................................................... 275 Panopoulos, George .......................................... 1265 Patias, Petros ..................................................... 1489 Patton, David K. ................................................. 711 Penn, Alan .......................................................... 765 Perkins, Chris ..................................................... 473 Persson, Inger ..................................................... 181 Peter, Beat ......................................................... 1135 Peterson, Michael P..................................... 571, 601 Petzold, Ingo ....................................................... 893 Pickering, Robin ................................................. 103 Pickles, John ......................................................... 15 Pilon, P. ............................................................. 1359 Plastina, Romina ............................................... 1615 Plümer, Lutz ....................................................... 893 Podolsky, Sergey .............................................. 1611 Ponce de León, Daniel ...................................... 1533 Portnov, Andrey M. .......................................... 1647 Postnikov, Alexei V. ......................................... 1875 Psyanchin, Aibulat ............................................ 1871 NNLEEE • Ottawa ICA / ACI 1999 - Proceedings / Actes Pun-Cheng, Lilian S.C. ....................................... 925 Purves, Ross ..................................................... 1081 Q Qiaomei, Fu ...................................................... 1525 Qingpu, Zhang .................................................... 155 Quintanilla, Víctor ............................................ 1665 R Rahardjo, Sugeng.............................................. 1507 Rajala, Tuija ........................................................ 839 Ramirez, J. Raul.......................................... 549, 591 Raveneau, Jean-Louis ......................................... 483 Revie, Jocelyne ..................................................... 75 Rhind, David ......................................................... 29 Richard, Daniel ................................................... 251 Richardson, Dianne E. ...................................... 1215 Riedl, Andreas .................................................... 649 Rivard, Étienne ................................................. 1883 Rivest, Sonia ..................................................... 1745 Robbi, Claudia .................................................... 795 Roberge, Daniel ................................................ 1403 Rocha Salamanca, Luz Angela ........................... 221 Rodrigues, Antonia Brito .................................. 1573 Rossikopoulos, D. ............................................. 1845 Rousseaux, Vanessa ............................................ 937 Ruas, Anne ....................................................... 1225 Rudnicki, Waldemar ......................................... 1627 Rudsky, Viktor .................................................... 329 Rydén, Anders .................................................... 181 S Safronova, Irina ................................................ 1619 Salo-Merta, Leena ............................................ 1423 Saraswati, Ratna ............................................... 1507 Sarjakoski, Tapani............................................. 1091 Savinykh, Victor P. ........................................... 1647 Schneider, Barbara .............................................. 243 Schürer, Dietrich ............................................... 1021 Sellis, Timos ..................................................... 1367 Serrhini, Kamal ................................................. 1639 Sester, Monika .................................................... 773 Shea, Geoffrey Y.K. ............................................ 925 Shenton, Christopher .......................................... 607 Shingareva, Kira B. ................................ 1771, 1779 Sieber, René ........................................................ 235 Siekierska, E. .................................................... 1359 Simley, Jeff ......................................................... 211 Skopeliti, Andriani............................................ 1185 Škrlec, Davor ...................................................... 813 Smith, Brian E. ................................................. 1073 Soudakov, Alexander .......................................... 115 Stefanakis, Emmanuel ...................................... 1367 Stefanakis, Konstantinos .................................. 1713 Steven van Dijk .................................................. 905 Stojanovic, Dragan ............................................. 739 Stojanovic, Zoran................................................ 739 Strelnikov, Sergei I. .......................................... 1673 Strijk, Tycho ....................................................... 905 Suetova, I. ......................................................... 1755 Sugiyama, Masanori ........................................... 227 Sui, Haigang ..................................................... 1127 Suxing, Fu ......................................................... 1525 Svensson, Björn .................................................. 351 Sveshnikov, Victor V. ......................................... 315 Syrén, Märta ..................................................... 1579 T Tait, Kenneth....................................................... 499 Takazawa, Shinji ................................................. 227 Tanaka, Kenneth L. ........................................... 1795 Tatham, A.F. ....................................................... 453 Terribilini, Andrea .............................................. 993 Teufelsbrucker, Doris.......................................... 437 Thomson, Robert C........................................... 1215 Tian, Zhen ................................................. 373, 1691 Tikunov, Vladimir S. .......................................... 369 Toutin, Thierry .................................................. 1479 Trainor, Timothy ............................................... 1799 Tsoulos, Lysandros ................................. 1185, 1713 Tunjic, Ivka ....................................................... 1721 Turner, Alasdair .................................................. 765 Tuurnala, Tiina .................................................. 1703 Tziavos, I. N. .................................................... 1845 Tzschaschel, Sabine ............................................ 289 U V van den Hoonaard, W.C. ..................................... 387 van der Poorten, Peter ....................................... 1107 van der Steen, Sjef J.F.M. ................................... 915 van Elzakker, Corné P.J.M. ................................. 559 Vande Wiele, Tom ............................................. 1737 Verbree, Edward ................................................. 657 Vereshchaka, Tamara V. ............................ 413, 1647 Vettore, A. ......................................................... 1497 W Wählisch, Marita .............................................. 1785 Wakrim, Mohamed ........................................... 1561 Wang, Jia Yao ................................................... 1691 Ware, J. Mark .................................................... 1205 Weibel, Robert ................................ 607, 1135, 1225 Wiegand, Patrick ................................................. 499 Williams, Donna ................................................. 261 Wilson, Cameron .................................................. 65 Wisniewska, Emilia .......................................... 1521 Wolff, Alexander ................................................ 905 Wolodtschenko, Alexander ................................. 329 Wood, Jo ..................................................... 677, 983 Woodsford, Peter ................................................ 103 Woodward, David ................................................... 3 Wright, Robert .................................................. 1455 Wyczalek, Ireneusz ............................................. 165 Y Yanqing, Chang ................................................ 1661 Yanvareva, Leniana F.......................................... 369 Yongping, Zhao .................................................... 51 Yuan, Yinxiang ................................................. 1449 Yufen, Chen ................................................ 757, 869 Z Zawila-Niedzwiecki, Tomasz ........................... 1521 Zeitler, Wolfgang .............................................. 1785 Zeleznjak, Zeljko .............................................. 1731 Zgor, M’hammed ................................................ 483 Zimbelman, James R. ............................. 1771, 1795 Ushakova, L. ..................................................... 1755 Author Index / Index des auteurs • NNEN SESSION INDEX / INDEX DES SÉANCES Session .......... Volume 1 ....................... Volume 2 01-A ...................... 1433 01-B ........................ 965 01-B1 ...................... 869 01-C ...................... 1441 01-D ........................ 849 02-A ...................... 1703 02-B ...................... 1683 02-C ...................... 1695 02-D ...................... 1691 03-A ...................... 1301 03-C ........................ 571 03-D ........................ 619 04-A ...................... 1771 04-B ...................... 1795 04-C ...................... 1775 04-E ...................... 1779 05-A ...................... 1037 05-B ...................... 1449 05-C ...................... 1155 05-D ...................... 1185 06-A ...................... 1737 06-B ...................... 1731 06-C ...................... 1761 06-D ...................... 1755 07-A ...................... 1321 07-B ........................ 813 07-C ........................ 607 07-D ........................ 839 08-A ...................... 1479 08-B ...................... 1463 08-C ...................... 1497 08-D ...................... 1507 09-A ...................... 1029 09-B ........................ 975 09-C ...................... 1003 09-D ...................... 1045 10-A ........................ 679 10-B ...................... 1107 10-B1 ...................... 601 10-C ........................ 581 10-D ...................... 1175 11-B ...................... 1195 11-C ...................... 1503 11-D ...................... 1525 12-A ........................ 955 12-B ...................... 1713 12-C ........................ 947 12-D ...................... 1411 13-A ...................... 1851 13-C ...................... 1875 13-D ...................... 1883 14-A ...................... 1455 14-B ...................... 1489 14-D ...................... 1515 15-A ........................ 377 15-B ........................ 875 15-C ...................... 1819 15-D ........................ 937 16-A ...................... 1845 16-B ...................... 1861 16-B1 .................... 1867 16-C ...................... 1871 17-B2 .................... 1631 18-A .......................... 43 18-B ........................ 125 18-C ........................ 133 18-D .......................... 95 19-A ........................ 591 19-B ........................ 637 19-C ........................ 765 19-D ........................ 785 20-A ........................ 387 20-B ........................ 401 20-C ........................ 413 NNN • Ottawa ICA / ACI 1999 - Proceedings / Actes 20-D ........................ 407 21-A .......................... 59 21-B ........................ 121 21-C .......................... 39 21-D ........................ 141 22-A ........................ 549 22-B ........................ 993 22-C ........................ 649 22-D ........................ 657 23-A ...................... 1311 23-B ........................ 521 23-C ...................... 1367 23-D ...................... 1053 24-A ........................ 149 24-B ........................ 165 24-C ........................ 189 24-D ...................... 1253 24-E ........................ 155 25-A ........................ 729 25-B ........................ 893 25-C ........................ 711 25-D ........................ 721 26-A ...................... 1573 26-B ...................... 1579 26-B1 .................... 1655 26-C ...................... 1639 26-D ...................... 1647 27-A ........................ 115 27-B ........................ 931 27-C ...................... 1721 27-D ........................ 221 28-A ........................ 859 28-B ........................ 739 28-C ........................ 691 28-D ........................ 629 29-A ...................... 1553 29-B ...................... 1539 29-B1 .................... 1549 29-C ...................... 1533 29-D ...................... 1615 29-E ...................... 1561 30-A ........................ 203 30-B ........................ 227 30-B2 ...................... 181 30-C ........................ 193 30-D ........................ 211 31-A ........................ 773 31-B ........................ 805 31-C ........................ 795 31-D ...................... 1021 32-A ........................ 537 32-B ...................... 1799 32-B3 ...................... 507 32-C ........................ 529 32-D ........................ 545 33-A ...................... 1377 33-B ...................... 1403 33-C ........................ 143 33-D ........................ 173 33-E ...................... 1673 34-A ........................ 559 34-B ........................ 667 34-C ........................ 677 34-D .......................... 51 35-A ...................... 1807 35-B ...................... 1839 35-C ...................... 1827 35-D ...................... 1811 36-A ........................ 925 36-B ........................ 905 36-D ........................ 757 37-B ........................ 983 37-C ........................ 747 37-D ........................ 699 38-A ...................... 1901 38-B ...................... 1893 38-C ........................ 511 39-A ...................... 1147 39-B ...................... 1127 39-C ...................... 1165 39-D ...................... 1091 40-A ...................... 1661 40-B ...................... 1665 40-C ...................... 1569 41-A ...................... 1275 41-B ...................... 1423 41-C ........................ 885 41-D ...................... 1397 42-A ........................ 331 42-B ........................ 831 42-B1 ...................... 351 42-B2 ...................... 329 42-C ........................ 369 42-D ........................ 337 43-A ...................... 1115 43-B ...................... 1135 43-B1 .................... 1081 43-C ...................... 1099 43-D ...................... 1063 44-A ...................... 1599 44-B ...................... 1619 44-C ...................... 1627 44-D ...................... 1611 45-A ........................ 419 45-B ........................ 483 45-C ........................ 493 45-D ........................ 499 46-B ........................ 289 46-B1 ...................... 299 46-C ........................ 235 46-D ........................ 251 47-A ...................... 1205 47-B ...................... 1215 47-C ...................... 1225 47-D ...................... 1235 48-A ...................... 1593 48-B ...................... 1521 48-C ........................ 159 48-D ...................... 1587 49-A ........................ 429 49-B ........................ 437 49-C ........................ 473 50-A ........................ 243 50-B ........................ 307 50-C ........................ 347 50-D ........................ 361 51-A ...................... 1341 51-B ...................... 1389 51-C ...................... 1011 51-E ...................... 1353 52-A ...................... 1265 52-B ...................... 1245 52-C ...................... 1291 53-A ........................ 459 53-B ........................ 453 53-B1 ...................... 465 53-C ........................ 445 54-A ........................ 315 54-C ........................ 373 54-D ........................ 319 C1-B ......................... 65 C1-D ......................... 75 C2-A ....................... 261 C2-B ....................... 267 C2-C ....................... 275 C2-D ....................... 285 C3-A ....................... 103 C3-B ..................... 1359 C3-C ..................... 1287 C3-D ....................... 915 C6-A ..................... 1603 C6-B ....................... 353 C6-C ..................... 1745 Session Index / Index des séances • NNNE NNNEE • Ottawa ICA / ACI 1999 - Proceedings / Actes