Effect of dates of transplanting on the growth and oil yield of Mentha

Effect of dates of transplanting on the growth and oil yield of Mentha

Scholarly Journal of Agricultural Science Vol. 2(7), pp. 130-132, July 2012
Available online at http:// www.scholarly-journals.com/SJAS
ISSN 2276-7118 ©2012 Scholarly-Journals
Short Communication
Effect of dates of transplanting on the growth and oil
yield of Mentha arvensis L.
Sandeep Sharma
Project Directorate for Farming System Research, Modipuram, Meerut-250110, India. Email: [email protected]
Accepted 19 May, 2012
A field study was conducted to determine the effect of dates of transplanting on the growth and oil yield
of menthe arvensis L. Factorial Randomized Block Design (FRBD) with three replications. The Kushal,
Himalaya, Saksham and Kosi cultivars were used as plant material. Menthol mint was translated at three
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dates (15 March, 30 March and 15 April). The study revealed that the crop transplanted on 15
March gave highest plant height (62.20 cm), fresh herb yield (226.50 q/ha), oil content (0.70%) and oil
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yield (137.00 kg/ha). The quality of oil as assessed by menthol content in oil was higher in 15 March
transplanting compared to other transplanting dates.
Key words: Mentha cultivars, Transplanting, Agronomy aspect, Growth and yield parameters.
INTRODUCTION
Mints comprise a group of species of the genus Mentha
belonging to the family Lamiaceae. Mints are commonly
used as the source of fragrance and flavour especially for
culinary preparations. Although many species of mints
are being cultivated world over, only four species are
predominantly cultivated in India. These include menthol
mint (Mentha arvensis L. var. piperascens), Pepper mint
(M. piperita), Bergamot mint (M.citrata) and Spearmint
(M. spicata). Menthol mint (also referred as Japaness
mint) is the most popular species commercially cultivated
in India. It is extensively cultivated in India, China, Brazil,
Japan, USA, France, Australia, Thailand and Argentina.
In India, Menthol mint is cultivated in tarai and central
regions of Uttar Pradesh, Punjab and Haryana, where it
has proved a boon to growers and fitted well in some of
the existing cropping systems. The area under this crop
in the country is estimated to be about 1.5 lakh hectare
with annual production of 14000 tones’ of oil. India is
world’s largest producer and exporter of mint oil. Mentha
arvensis L. is a native of Brazil and China. It is a
perennial ascending herb growing about 60-80cm in
height and under favorable conditions may attain a height
up to 100cm. It is propagated mainly by stolons. Leaves
are lanceolate-olong, sharply toothed; petiole is small
about 5mm in length. Flowers are borne in axillary and
terminal verticillaster, abundant in number, purplish in
colour. The over ground herb (Foliage) on distillation
yields an essential oil, containing high (75-80%) menthol
content. Mint oil and menthol are primarily exported
whereas other meets the home requirement of the
industry. Among the various factors which effect time of
transplanting are important keeping the above in view
studies were undertaken to know the effect of date of
transplanting on the growth and yield of Mentha arvensis.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
The experiment was carried out on Menthol mint at
Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Luck
now. Situated at 120 meter above mean sea level in the
sub-tropical plains of north India. The soil of the
experimental site is sandy loam. The annual mean
0
maximum and minimum temperature are 41.8 c and
0
6.6 c, respectively. The experiment was laid out in
Factorial Randomize Block Design (FRBD) with three
replications. Fresh, healthy, insect and disease free
suckers were transplanted in furrow at a depth of 4-5cm
as per the treatments. The crop was harvested from midMay to last of June (First cutting), and mid-August to midSeptember (Second cutting) depending on the planting
dates. The data on Plant growth, fresh herb yield, oil
content and oil yield were recorded at the each date of
transplanting.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Result of the experiments showed that dates of
Sharma
131
Table 1. Plant height (cm) of menthol mint under different transplanting dates at various stages of crop growth
Days after transplanting
Treatments
30 DAT
45 DAT
60 DAT
At harvest
Mean
Date of transplanting
D1
25
35
50
62.5
43.13
D2
20
28
40
49.1
34.28
D3
15
21
30
37.5
25.88
Mean
20
28
40
49.7
CD at 5% - 2.28 significant
DAT: Days after Transplanting
Treatment: Dates of Transplanting
D1: 15th March
D2: 30th March
D3: 15th April
Table 2. Fresh herb yield, Oil content and Oil yield of different transplanting dates of menthol mint
At harvest
Treatments
Fresh herb yield (q./ha.)
Oil content (%)
Oil yield (kg./ha.)
Date of transplanting
D1
D2
D3
SEm±
CD at 5%
226.5
203.3
181
2.569
7.483
0.6
0.6
0.7
0.002
0.006
137
127
117.3
1.527
4.466
Treatment: Dates of Transplanting
D1: 15th March
D2: 30th March
D3: 15th April
Figure 1. Fresh herb yield and Oil yield of different transplanting dates of
menthol mint
transplanting had significant effect on Plant height (table
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1). The 15 March was the best transplanting time for
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Mentha arvensis L. as compared to 30 March and 15
April, thereby giving higher values for Plant height (43.13
cm), fresh herb yield (226.50 q/ha), oil content (0.6%)
and oil yield (137.00 kg/ha) (Table 1, 2 and fig 1). The
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crop transplanted 15 April registered lowest Plant height
(25.88 cm), fresh herb yield (181.00 q/ha), oil content
(0.7%) and oil yield (117.30 kg/ha) (table 1, 2 and fig 1).
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However, the crop transplanted during 15 March got all
Scholarly J. Agric. Sci.
the favorable conditions for the plant which might have
contributed towards higher growth and yield parameters.
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