poison corrosive

23-DEC-2008
2008-4570
COMMERCIAL
113 L
208 L
415 L
Bulk
®
VAPAM
LIQUID SOLUTION SOIL FUMIGANT
WARNING
POISON
CORROSIVE
READ THE LABEL AND ATTACHED BROCHURE BEFORE USING
GUARANTEE: Metam (Sodium, Anhydrous)
380 grams per litre
(equivalent to 487 grams dihydrate per litre).
REGISTRATION NUMBER 6453 PEST CONTROL PRODUCTS ACT
AMVAC CHEMICAL CORPORATION
4100 E. Washington Blvd.
Los Angeles, CA 90023
(323) 264-3910
For more information, contact:
United Agri Products
789 Donnybrook Drive Dorchester,
Ontario N0L 1G5
(519) 268-8001
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PRECAUTIONS
KEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDREN
HARMFUL IF INHALED OR SWALLOWED, IRRITATING TO EYES, NOSE, THROAT
AND SKIN. AVOID BREATHING VAPOUR. DO NOT GET IN EYES, ON SKIN, OR ON
CLOTHING.
Use a respirator approved for protection against pesticide inhalation. Wear rubber
gloves, protective clothing and goggles or face shield.
Wash hands, arms and face thoroughly with soap and water after handling and before
eating or smoking. Routinely shower or bathe after work and wash all clothing with soap
and hot water before reusing. In case of contact, immediately remove contaminated
clothing and wash thoroughly with soap and water.
Do not transport or store VAPAM with any food or feed intended for human or animal
consumption.
Keep container tightly closed when not in use.
Keep children and pets away from treated area.
If this pest control product is to be used on a commodity that may be exported to the U.S.
and you require information on acceptable residue levels in the U.S., visit CropLife Canada's
web site at: www.croplife.ca
FIRST AID
Immediately start the procedures given below and contact a Poison Control Centre, a
physician, or the nearest hospital, IMMEDIATELY. Report the type and extent of
exposure, describe the victim's symptoms, and follow the advice given. Take container,
label or product name and Pest Control Product Registration Number with you when
seeking medical attention.
If on skin or clothing: Take off contaminated clothing. Rinse skin immediately with plenty
of water for 15–20 minutes. Call a poison control centre or doctor for treatment advice.
If in eyes: Hold eye open and rinse slowly and gently with water for 15–20 minutes.
Remove contact lenses, if present, after the first 5 minutes, then continue rinsing eye.
Call a poison control centre or doctor for treatment advice.
If inhaled: Move person to fresh air. If person is not breathing, call 911 or an
ambulance, then give artificial respiration, preferably by mouth-to mouth, if possible.
Call a poison control centre or doctor for further treatment advice.
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If swallowed: Call a poison control centre or doctor immediately for treatment advice. Have
person sip a glass of water if able to swallow. Do not induce vomiting unless told to do so by a
poison control centre or doctor. Do not give anything by mouth to an unconscious person.
TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION
Vapours and aerosols can irritate eyes, nose and respiratory passages. Treat
symptomatically. No other adverse clinical effects have been associated with exposure
to VAPAM.
EMERGENCY TELEPHONE NUMBER
All hours, 1-323-264-3910 only for health and environmental information. For
transportation only 1-800-424-9300.
ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS
This product is toxic to fish. Do not apply directly to water or wetlands. Do not apply
where runoff is likely to occur. Do not contaminate water by cleaning of equipment or
disposal of waste. Apply this product only as specified on the label.
BULK TRANSPORT/STORAGE
Transport (commercial) in stainless steel. On-farm nurse tank should be high-density
polyethylene, fibreglass, mild steel or stainless steel. No fittings should be made of zinc,
copper, brass, aluminum or buna-N as corrosion and deterioration will result.
STORAGE AND DISPOSAL PROHIBITIONS: Do not
contaminate water, food, or feed by storage or disposal. Open dumping is prohibited.
STORAGE:
Keep container tightly closed when not in use. Do
not store near seeds, fertilizers or
o
foodstuffs. Protect from temperatures below - 17 C. Product crystallizes at lower
temperatures. Warm or store at higher temperatures oand mix to re-dissolve crystal and
assure uniformity before use. (Do not warm above 30 C).
DISPOSAL:
Bulk
This tank is refillable. Wash inside of tank with water after final use. Do not enter tank.
Wear protective equipment (see PRECAUTIONS) during the washing. For information
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on the disposal of unused, unwanted product, contact the manufacturer or the provincial
regulatory agency. Contact the manufacturer and the provincial regulatory agency in
case of spill, and for clean-up of spills.
113L, 208L, 415L
For returnable container, return the empty container for refilling. If not returned, rinse
the empty container thoroughly and add the rinsings to the spray mixture in the tank.
Follow provincial instructions for any required additional cleaning of the container prior to
its disposal. Make the empty container unsuitable for further use. Dispose of the
container in accordance with provincial requirements. For information on the disposal of
unused, unwanted product, contact the manufacturer or the provincial regulatory agency.
Contact the manufacturer and the provincial regulatory agency in case of spill, and for
clean-up of spills.
SPILL CLEANUP
Make sure all personnel involved in the spill cleanup follow good industrial hygiene
practices. Any person entering either a significant spill area or an unknown concentration
of a vapour or mist should use a positive pressure, self-contained breathing apparatus or
a positive pressure, air-supplied respirator with escape pack. Small spills can be handled
routinely. Use adequate ventilation and/or wear a NIOSH- approved pesticide respirator
to prevent inhalation exposure. Wear protective clothing to prevent skin and eye contact.
Use the following procedures: Absorb spillage with an absorbent. Sweep up spilled
material being careful not to create dust. Place sweepings in a chemical waste container
for disposal. Generously cover contaminated area with a slurry of common, powdered,
household laundry detergent and water. Using a stiff brush, work the slurry into cracks
and crevices. Allow to stand for 2-3 minutes then flush with water. Repeat if necessary.
Dispose of all wastes in accordance with instructions in the DISPOSAL statement above.
Large spills should be handled according to a predetermined plan. Contact United Agri
Products (UAP) for assistance
PRODUCT INFORMATION
VAPAM is a water soluble liquid. When applied to properly prepared soil, the liquid is
converted into a gaseous fumigant. After sufficient interval of time, the fumigant
dissipates leaving the soil ready for planting.
VAPAM is recommended as a pre-planting treatment for the control of many of the soilborne pests that attack ornamentals, food and fibre crops, and tobacco. VAPAM
controls germinating weed seeds such as annual grasses, Bermuda grass, chickweed,
dandelion, ragweed, henbit, lambsquarters, pigweed, purslane, Johnsongrass, wild
morning glory and suppresses perennial weeds such as quack grass. It also controls
nematodes and symphylans (the garden centipede) as well as soil-borne fungus
diseases, particularly, damping-off and root rot, including diseases caused by species of
Rhizoctonia, Pythium, Fusarium, Phytophthora, Verticillium, Sclerotinia, oak root fungus
and clubroot of crucifers.
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VAPAM acts as a fumigant, which can be released, leaving the soil ready for planting.
NOTICE TO USER
This pest control product is to be used only in accordance with the directions on the label.
It is an offence under the Pest Control Products Act to use this product in a way that is
inconsistent with the directions on the label. The user assumes the risk to persons or
property that arises from any such use of this product.
DIRECTIONS FOR USE
GENERAL USE PRECAUTIONS
Prepare soil carefully in advance, according to directions. After mixing with water do not
allow solution to stand for more than 1 hour.
Keep off desirable lawns and plants. Do not apply within 1 metre of the drip line of
plants, shrubs or trees.
Do not apply in confined spaces without adequate ventilation. If ample ventilation is not
available, use an air supplied respirator or gas mask type respirator.
Do not use in greenhouses where growing plants are present or where fumes may enter
nearby houses containing growing plants.
Do not tank mix VAPAM with other fumigants.
After application observe cultivation and planting directions carefully. Rinse all
equipment with water after each day's use. Disassemble valves and clean carefully.
o
Protect from temperature below -17 C. Product crystallizes at lower temperatures. Warm
or store at higher temperatures ando mix to redissolve crystals and assure uniformity
before use. Do not warm above 30 C.
SOIL PREPARATIONS AND CONDITIONS FOR PROPER USE
Before applying VAPAM always cultivate the area thoroughly, breaking up clods and
loosening soil deeply and thoroughly. Do this a week before applying VAPAM and keep
the soil moist, watering if necessary until time to treat. THIS IS THE MOST IMPORTANT
STEP IN APPLYING VAPAM with all application methods. Success depends upon how
carefully the soil is prepared before application. Cultivate lightly immediately before
applying VAPAM if the soil has crusted.
VAPAM must be applied during periods of moderate air temperatures and little wind
movement to prevent evaporation and loss.
o
Do not apply VAPAM to the soil surface when air temperature is over 32 C, or when high
Page 5 of 10
winds would cause loss of VAPAM o before o it could be sealed into the soil. Soil
temperature must be in the range of 16 C to 32 C at a 7.5cm depth.
Soil surface must be kept moist during application and for 24 hours after application. If
fumes become unpleasant during treatment, apply more water to seal the fumes into the
soil where they should be confined to achieve maximum fumigant benefit.
The activity of VAPAM is increased by the use of a tarp (plastic, paper, or fabric) spread
loosely over the treated area and secured to prevent removal by wind. Keep covered for
a minimum period of 48 hours. Seven days after treatment cultivate area to depth of 5
cm to aerate the soil.
Do not seed earlier than 21 days after application when tarping method is used.
APPLICATION METHODS AND RATES
LIMITED AREAS
For summer and fall treatment of seed beds, plant beds, lawns, greenhouses and
other limited areas:
SPRINKLING CAN METHOD: Place 1/2 L VAPAM (3/4 L on very heavy soils or for
deep-rooted weeds) in a sprinkling can, fill with water, and sprinkle uniformly over 5
square metres of well-prepared soil. Sprinkle immediately with water until soil is sealed,
or tarp for 48 hours.
PRE-MIX: Add 10 litres of VAPAM (15 litres on very heavy or rich soils) to 800 litres
water in a drum or tank and agitate. Sprinkle evenly over 100 square metres of bed. The
VAPAM solution may be applied from the drum or tank by using a portable pump or a
gear pump attachment on a tractor. Use a fan type nozzle that delivers large size
droplets. Do not use solid stream or mist spray.
HOSE PROPORTIONER METHODS: Add 1 litre VAPAM (1.5 litres on very heavy or
rich soils) to 3 litres water in a bucket or other container and apply using a hose
proportioner (1:15 or 2:20 ratio). Apply to an area of 10 square metres. Continue
sprinkling with water until soil is wet to a depth of 7.5 to 10cm.
SOIL INJECTION: For seed beds, a dosage of 550 to 900 litres per hectare (should be
0.6 to 1 litre per 10 square metres) is recommended. Space injection shanks 13 - 15
centimetres apart and inject VAPAM 10 - 15 centimetres into well prepared soil. Follow
immediately with a roller to smooth and compact the soil surface. A water seal must be
applied immediately (within minutes) after injection. This is done by lightly watering the
soil surface, using about 40 litres per 10 square metres.
ROTARY TILLER: Spray or sprinkle diluted VAPAM immediately in front of tiller. Use 1 L
VAPAM in 10 L water per each 10 square metres. Follow immediately with a roller to
smooth and compact the soil surface. Light watering or a tarp after rolling will help
prevent gas escape.
Best results will be obtained if a plastic cover is spread over the treated area. Remove
the cover after 48 to 72 hours.
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FIELD APPLICATION
(Where entire area is being treated)
SPRINKLER IRRIGATION SYSTEM: Use 470 to 900 litres VAPAM per hectare. Meter
VAPAM at a steady rate into the sprinkler system during the entire irrigation period.
Apply in a minimum of 25 millimetres of water per hectare. Avoid making the application
if rain is forecast within 24 hours. FOR POTATOES to control nematodes, use 500 to
1000 L VAPAM per hectare. Apply a minimum of 3 cm of water. Use only sprinkler
systems that give large droplets to prevent excessive loss. Apply only through central
pivot or solid set sprinkler irrigation systems containing antisiphon and check valves
which will prevent water source contamination and overflow of the slurry tank. The
systems must also contain interlocking controls between the metering device and the
watero pump to insure simultaneous shut-off. Soil temperature should be in the range of 4
to 30 C. VAPAM will only control nematodes which are in the fumigated zone at the time
of treatment.
SOIL INJECTION: For field use, a dosage of 375 to 935 litres per hectare is
recommended. Space injection shanks 13 -15 centimetres apart and inject VAPAM 10 15 centimetres into well prepared soil. Follow immediately with a roller to smooth and
compact the soil surface. A water seal must be applied immediately (within minutes)
after injection. This is done by lightly watering the soil surface, using about 40 litres per
10 square metres.
CHECK OR FLOOD IRRIGATION: Meter VAPAM at a steady rate into water during
irrigation. Use 500 to 1000 L of VAPAM per hectare, depending upon the kind of pest
and depth desired, in 7 to 45 cm of water per hectare.
USE PRECAUTIONS FOR IRRIGATION: Do not operate irrigation systems without
safety valves, check valves or other devices to prevent water source contamination or
overflow at the nurse tank. Irrigation water treated with VAPAM should be maintained on
the treated area until the water is absorbed by the soil. Do not contaminate water by
cleaning of equipment or disposal of waste. Do not apply where weather conditions
favour drift away from target area.
FIELD APPLICATION to Beds or Rows
SOIL INJECTION: For injection into pre-formed plant beds, a dosage of 375 to 935 litres
per hectare is recommended. Space injection shanks 13 - 15 centimetres apart and
inject VAPAM 10 - 15 centimetres into well-prepared soil. Follow immediately with a
roller to smooth and compact the soil surface. A water seal must be applied immediately
(within minutes) after injection. This is done by lightly watering the soil surface, using
about 40 litres per 10 square metres.
SOIL COVERING METHODS: (Bed-over methods). VAPAM may be sprayed or dripped
onto the soil immediately ahead of bed-shaping equipment at a recommended rate of
470 L to 935 L per treated hectare (approximately equivalent to 1/2 to 1 L per 30 metres
of 30-cm row). Cover the VAPAM with soil to a depth of 7 to 15 cm. Follow immediately
with a roller to smooth and compact the soil surface.
Page 7 of 10
FALL TREATMENT OF TREE REPLANT SITES
SITE PREPARATION: After removing dead or diseased trees and as much of the root
system as possible, loosen the soil in the area to a depth of 15 to 20 centimetres to aid
water penetration. Level off the area. Treat during a period of adequate soil moisture
(irrigate if necessary). Do not apply to dry soil. When the soil is workable, build a circular
basin or ridge 2 metres across on the site.
APPLICATION: Add 0.3 litres of VAPAM to 90 litres of water in a drum or tank, agitate
and apply to the area.
One week after application lightly cultivate the area, taking care not to mix untreated soil
with the treated soil.
The following spring, one week before planting, dig the hole ready to receive the tree,
keeping the soil, removed from the hole, within the treated area.
TREATMENT OF POTTING SOIL
SPRINKLE METHOD:
1. Spread soil in a smooth layer 10 cm high on concrete or on pre-treated soil.
2. Sprinkle VAPAM at rate of 1/3 L in 20 L of water per 10 square metres of surface
area.
3. Layers can be treated one on top of another.
4. Sprinkle top layer with sufficient additional water to seal the surface, or cover with
tarp (plastic, kraft paper, etc.)
CEMENT MIXER:
1. Add VAPAM to soil mix at rate of 1/2 L VAPAM per cubic metre of soil, in cement
or similar mixer. Mix thoroughly.
2. After soil is treated and piled, sprinkle water over entire surface to seal in gas.
Or, cover with tarp (plastic, kraft paper, etc.).
SHREDDER:
1. Dilute VAPAM in sufficient water to obtain even distribution. As soil is ejected
from shredder, spray uniformly on soil stream at a rate of 1/2 L VAPAM per cubic
metre of soil.
2. After all soil is treated and piled, apply light water seal to entire surface or cover
with tarp (pastic, kraft paper, etc.).
FALL TREATMENT OF TOBACCO SEED BEDS
SEED BED PREPARATION: Remove muck layer applied the previous planting season.
Spade bed area to a depth of 10 to 15 centimetres and level surface one week prior to
treatment. Add any muck that is required for the next season in a uniform layer on the
soil. Muck added after VAPAM application may contain weeds, insects or diseases
Page 8 of 10
which will not be controlled.
To ensure acceptable weed control, maintain greenhouse at
o
o
a temperature of 18 C (65 F) for at least 7 days prior to VAPAM application, water to a
depth of 7.5 to 10 centimetres, then maintain soil surface moisture by light sprinkling
until time to treat. If a crust forms, rake lightly before applying the VAPAM.
APPLICATION: Add 1 litre of VAPAM to 80 litres of water in a drum or tank and agitate.
Sprinkle evenly over 10 square metres of bed. The VAPAM solution may be applied from
the drum or tank by using a portable pump or a gear pump attachment on a tractor. Use
a fan type nozzle that delivers large size droplets. Do not use solid stream or mist spray.
Immediately after application, seal VAPAM into soil by watering entire treated soil
surface. Keep moist to a depth of 7.5 to 10 cm for at least 2 days after application. One
week after application, lightly rake the seed bed. Cover entire treated area with tarps or
plastic until time of greenhouse use to prevent contamination with seeds and debris.
Keep glass in place over the seed bed following treatment. One week before planting,
loosen the soil by piercing with a fork (do not stir the soil), and rake the surface lightly
just prior to seeding.
BAND INJECTION INTO TOBACCO FIELDS
APPLICATION: Adjust injection chisels to same spacing as the planter. Inject 65 to 125
litres of VAPAM per hectare at least 10 to 15 cm below the final transplanting surface.
Seal the fumigated strips by bedding or listing. Before transplanting remove the tops of
the beds. Be careful none of the soil falls onto the fumigated portion of the bed. Use the
low rate of VAPAM for nematode control in light sandy soils. Use the middle rate for
nematode control in heavier soils and weed control. Use the high rate for soil borne
disease control.
NOTE: Soil insects may not be effectively controlled with band injection.
PREVENTION OF ROOT GRAFT TRANSMISSION OF DUTCH ELM DISEASE
Immediately after a tree is diagnosed as having Dutch Elm Disease, isolate the diseased
tree from healthy trees with the VAPAM treatment. If a diseased tree is less than 6
metres from a healthy elm or has advanced wilt symptoms, it may be necessary to treat
at two sites: one between the diseased and the first healthy-appearing tree and one
between the first and second healthy-appearing tree. This measure is advisable because
the causal fungus may have already passed from the diseased to the first healthyappearing elm before VAPAM was applied. Use VAPAM diluted one part to three parts
water. Drill holes approximately 2 cm in diameter, 38 cm deep and 15 cm apart on the
soil surface. Fill each hole with diluted VAPAM to within 5cm of the soil surface.
Make the line of treatment sufficiently long to kill all elm roots of the two adjacent trees
that are likely to be root-grafted. The line should extend well beyond the drip line of
these trees. When necessary, run an additional treatment line parallel to obstructions,
such as driveways and streets, that roots might grow under. Apply the chemical slowly
and carefully to avoid overflowing the drilled holes. This will reduce possibility of grass
Page 9 of 10
kill. Tamp each hole closed with the heel. Do not make treatment lines closer than 2
metres to shrubs or 11 metres to other tree species. A small circle of grass is usually
killed around each point of injection but after 4 to 6 weeks the dead areas may be
reseeded or resodded.
SYMPHYLAN CONTROL
Soil should be in good seed bed condition to a depth of 20 to 25 cm. Maintain adequate
moisture during spring season. Treat during July - August when symphylans are in the
upper soil surface. Apply 220 litres of VAPAM per hectare using blade or chisel injector.
Inject below level of symphylan concentration, usually 15 - 20 cm. Pack soil immediately
after application.
CULTIVATION AND PLANTING AFTER APPLICATION
AFTER FALL APPLICATION: One week after application, lightly cultivate the area
taking care not to mix untreated soil with the treated soil. The following spring repeat the
cultivation one week before planting.
AFTER SUMMER APPLICATION: One week after application, the soil surface should be
lightly cultivated to break up crusting and promote drying of the soil. This cultivation may
be repeated as necessary. To avoid reinfesting treated soils, cultural practices should be
such that untreated soils are not mixed with treated soils. On well-drained soils of light to
medium texture which are not wet or cold following summer application, planting may
take place 21 days following treatment.
SPECIAL INSTRUCTIONS: If soils
are heavy or especially high in organic matter or
o
remain wet and/or cold (below 16 C) following application of VAPAM, a minimum interval
of 30 days after application should be observed. Where dosages are greater than 1 litre
per 10 square metres, wait at least 60 days after application.
During cold and/or wet weather, frequent shallow cultivations may aid the escape of
VAPAM from the soil. If in doubt, transplant a seeding plant and examine for injury
before planting crop.
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