Englisch Grammatik
Transcription
Englisch Grammatik
Englisch Grammatik 1.1. In case = Im Falle I always take an umbrella if / when (only if) it rains. I always take an umbrella in case (because it might rain) it rains. I've kept the receipt for the shirt because it may not fit you Æ I've kept the receipt, in case it doesn't fit you. In case + present simple In case + past simple 1.2. Present simple / Present Continous Present Simple Habit permanent After when, if, as soon as Some verbs have no ing-form Usually Present Continous Now At the moment Planned and arranged future She will go shopping as soon as it stops raining Are really true 1.3. Will-future - We decide to do something at the moment of speaking Æ Oh, the door is open, I'll go and shut it. -For vague predictions about the future after (I think, I wonder, I'm sure, I expect) 2.1. To get used To get used to = sich gewöhnen an You get used to + verb + ing You get used to + the (noun) To be used to = gewohnt sein You are used to + verb + ing You are used to + the (noun) She eats breakfast every day – She is used to eating chocolate breakfast every day. 2.2. Present Perfect Present Perfect I have seen Have you seen I haven't seen Still going on, period not finished In recent week Since yesterday Recently Since I was born Just Yet This year For the last three weeks never How long Past Simple I saw Did you see I didn't see Finished action Two weeks ago When I was a child At Easter A month ago In June Last week Yesterday When The last time I cut the grass was a fortnight ago Æ past simple / past simple It's (been) a fortnight since I cut the grass. Æ … / past simple I haven't cut the grass for a fortnight. Æ present perfect 2.3. Comparatives a) ein silbige und zwei silbige Adjektive, die mit y enden, werden mit er gesteigert: young – younger dirty – dirtier b) zwei silbige Adjektive, drei und mehr silbige Adjektive und Adverbs, die mit ly enden, werden mit more gesteigert: nervous – more nervous quickly – more quickly Postitive Steigerung mit than Gleiche Steigerung mit as..as the same + noun + as Negative Steigerung Not as…as Less + adjektive + than Rachel is more intelligent than Mark Vicky is as old as Geoff Vicky is the same age as Geoff I'm not as old as Geoff I'm less old than he is 3.1. Causative have To have something done = etwas machen lassen Going to Present simple Present continous Present perfect Past simple 3.2. Genitive's Æ to indicate possession of things by people Singular : +'s Nick's brother Sally and Peter's dog Plural nouns ending in s: ' The girls' dog Plural nouns not end in s are an exception: The children's books 3.3. Needs doing a certain job should be done, Need + ing Need to be done The piano needs tuning The piano need to be tuned I'm going to have my car washed I have my car washed I'm having my car washed I've had my car washed I had my car washed 4.1. Past simple / past continous Past simple Past continuous Past simple Past cont. I read I was reading linear – actions one after another Action specific time in past A) One action is interrupted by another: I was watching TV when the bell rang. B) one short action takes place during a longer action: When/While I was reading, the phone rang. 4.2. Deductions A) When talking about possibilities in the past we us May/might/could + have + past participle She may have lost your phone number B) Only may and might are used in the negative when talking about possibilities They may not have heard you correctly. C) When making logical deductions about the past we use Must/can't + have + past participle Robert must have lied to me