Politische Partizipation von Frauen in Ostmitteleuropa
Transcription
Politische Partizipation von Frauen in Ostmitteleuropa
Politische Partizipation von Frauen in Ostmitteleuropa: eine vorläufige Bilanz !" % #$% " " &$' Einleitung ( !" ." ." ) ( * * +" * , / ." 0 2 0 "* !" " ( " , 6" 7 9 * . # -" * @ 0 + " " " 1 34 ." " " " - # " " / 8 0 "* 8 7 6 * " , , 8 0 "* ." ) . ! " :; < ." ==>'% "# " " " 4 /) * " # " # 0 . " "# , 7 , " - # " ." 5 " " "? 0 # # 4 4 5 " # -* 4 " $8 # # " . 3 . " # $! ==BCBB '0 + #, " . " %* . 4 " , "# , " D ( , " . % " # " ) " " . - # " @. 8. - # " " % - 4 #." " 0 *8 " ( " " , " A :" '# . 0 " - # " , 7 " . - # " -" * " - # 6 ( "# , #D -" * * 8 Überblick " / 8 * / # , 0 - # $/ " " 0 *$, " 4 8 -" * #" " 6 "# D , D " 6 " , 4 4 ! E# 8 * 8 * " " # 8 $ *" D , " $ % A " # 4 @ 7 (6 ,4 Parteien - A 5 * " *. " " , * " * / # 8, 0 8 6 " . ." 4 7" 0 , #, ; 0 ( 34 , ", * D "* ." F G / % " * " *" *. 8 " " ( 8 *" " ;" 4 / 4 7 *) A D * " CH ) -" " " 7" * " * " I" " "# 8 ! J" 8 ! 2 3 * 3 -" ", * ", 8- 4 D K , , 0 * "# ( " 8 #D # FG' , ," 3 ! 8 Tabelle 1: Frauen in politischen Parteien in Ostmitteleuropa Land Tschechien Estland Slowakei Slowenien L C34 Frauenanteil in politischen Parteien 25 – 50% 29 – 57% 25 – 26% 18 – 33% +" * : ( Parlamente Tabelle 2: Frauen in nationalen Parlamenten der Beitrittsländer Land (Wahljahr) Bulgarien (2001) Lettland (2001) Polen (2001) Slowakei (2002) Estland (2003) Tschechien (2002) Slowenien (2000) Rumänien (2000) Litauen (2000) Ungarn (2002) Gesamt M@ ( I 7 Abgeordnete 240 100 460 150 101 200 90 355 141 386 2223 Darunter Frauen 63 21 93 29 19 34 11 38 15 38 361 K " ,,, Frauenanteil in Prozent Wahltendenz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egierungen Table 3: Frauen in nationalen Regierungen der Beitrittsstaaten* Land Frauenanteil in der Ressorts Regierung Estland 28,6% (4 von 14) Litauen Rumänien 21,4% (3 von 14) 20% (5 von 25) Ungarn Slowenien 18,8% (3 von 16) 17,7% (3 von 17) Lettland 16,7% (3 von 18) Bulgarien 15% (3 von 20) Tschechien Polen Slowakei 11,8% (2 von 17) 7,8% (1 von 13) 0% (0 von 16) M 0 H +8 7 / 7 Außen, Bildung, Soziales, Wirtschaft Finanzen, Soziales, Kultur Bildung, europäische Integration, Gesundheit, Justiz, KMU. Innen, Soziales, Umwelt Kultur, Regionalentwicklung, Wirtschaft Außen, Kultur, Soziales europäische Integration, Soziales, Umwelt, Bildung, Gesundheit Bildung -- 6 " #, / -" " ." 4 es gibt ... Frauen als im Parlament mehr mehr mehr mehr mehr etwas weniger weniger weniger weniger viel weniger O 8* K # ' " 8 6 . 7 ( 6 ." " " , 0 " 34 * , / 9 , ", * " -" 9 ," * " / " ." # % 6 4 8 / . * A @ #, 6 &/ *) D ." / ( A " -" * $, , $'5 " ! " , " 0 *." * 6 9 D / * "? 3 * , +4 / $A , $0 ." " "# " ! 0 +4 < " % ? / 8 " 4 ( " #" H # % D 4 !" # "A " *# , * , / , " , # % 8 Warum so wenige? -" *, 4# 8 , # 4 K *" 4 $/ 8 " " 0 ; . -" * *$ A # # *4 * @ . # B +" * ==FC P ' ! ( " - # " => H I * C( . , 4 * *" - " " 5 " " 0 #, *" 7 I" " "#" )*" " . $ "#")*" " 6 " , " . " " -" / 0 # . ( ? 0 ! % * *" ! 8 !" # " *" - # 0 $ " 6* 8 " /" "? A " " $." ; J # " H 6 " #8 <* . 0 ; . " -" *$ " , * @ ", 7 Q # " A Sozio-ökonomische Struktur " % . 4? "#")*" " 0" # ," " , 8 . 5 6 " 0 " . " " , J" /" * 4 " ." ;" # 34 # "# , " " #, /4 <# K F 0 ? C5 ," "#")*" " *" ) " 6 " 8 :" * 8 - *" Politische Kultur -" ! D *" 2 " 5 , " "? + " , , 4 # , 4 8 , " 6 " C0 ." *# "# " " "# % # " / 0 /4 " " , " ( * "# ( 4* 0 8 6 4 ." $ 7" 0" $ " D 8 6 " ." == 'D " " , " # ." / -" 4* * ) " * " ! . %*# #." " 6" F + ) , *) *4 * + D " *" " I" . . 7 7 / 2 * /) * # ) 4 D "? D 7 8 # 7 (7 0 , " * @ , , 6 " "# K C 34 " K " D ? /4 4 " * Institutionen ( 6 " ; A " " " 6 4 " , * ; % A P = H 6 == ' # ; 4 , 6 4 " ." ) (; 4 , , 4 - " ,4 % # ," ! # 4 . D . 0 , " 7 " * I" " "# ) 0" , 8 3 ## ( -4 # ) ) 8 - " ." 3 # 74 ( *) " 4# 7 0 % , * -4 # 8 74 3 # $ $, , -" 4 $ $ 7 )? 4 !" I " 7 * . 7 A ." / < "# - " " # 34 5 " . K K* 6 '# / , " /" ' 0 34 # ! 6* " -" * * /4 ." # " # % *) * , *) " 8 - *" N * # ! 8 " / /4 " I #, * . / 2* . 7 *) " 2 " % # " 4 ; # ) ( 4# * " 85 " ' Schlussfolgerungen • 0 • O 6 " 6 4 , . # *" , 4 " " ." , 5 == H ." 0 "* " " ," • 5 4 H # • 7 " ." " * I 0 *) "* # =P= " , , /4 " 6 7 * " *" 4 5 " " "? 4* " " . , D " , , " ! ( " ( " " , • K ," 8 ; "," J . D , C-" ; - "# 7 . 7 * ." L " " 6 4 " " # , 0 7 % A ." % ** ." , . , - 3 I #, * I" 7 * Literatur +" * C-" ==F +" * S - # ! /" 6 / 2C- # " ==B BB BBF ( C+" CD " 7 CH" / " 6 Q+ B FP " " I" + 7 " A 'C " " C -" . " / AS; < ." (. C0 " % > I" ==>'F= P 6 8 + 'C+ C3 * R 5 ! " ." + 5 # A " ," ' F = " ." " 'C-" * 3 2*" /8 # " " E " " C2 " ," A Q" .,"" ==B F C3 * R C5 " " ( C( " & ( C6 . D ( " 7 ((C0 " " (C S@ " 7" = T >