eng_01_History Audio.indd

enGine
ENGLISCH
FÜR
INGENIEURE
September 2011
HISTORY AUDIO DATEI
Inventing the
Dishwasher
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History
Audio File
)NVENTING¬THE¬Dishwasher
"EI¬SO¬MANCHEN¬(AUSHALTSGERËTEN¬DRËNGT¬
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SCHIRRSPàLMASCHINE¬GILT¬DAS¬NICHT¬DENN¬DIE¬
WURDE¬VOR¬àBER¬HUNDERT¬*AHREN¬VON¬EINER¬
&RAU¬ERFUNDEN¬
Josephine Garis, born in 1839, came from a
strong creative lineage. She married a merchant
and politician named William Cochran and
tried to live the uptown life of a wealthy socialite in Shelby county, Illinois. She didn’t share
her husband’s populist thinking. When she
spelled her married name, Josephine Cochrane
fancied it up by adding an ‘e’ on the end.
Writer J. M. Fenster tells how, when she was
-RVHSKLQHIRXQGWKDWKHUÀQHFKLQDtableware
was chipping. It’d been in the family since the
17th century, and the servants were being careless with it. So she took to washing her own
dishes and chafed at the indignity of it. There had
to be a better way around the servants.
She sat down with a cup in her hand,
thinking. Water jets offered the best means for
cleaning it. The trick would be to aim jets on
FKLQDKHOGÀUPO\LQVRPHVRUWRIrack. She and
her husband, who was ailing, had been scheduled to go off for a rest cure, but now she had a
cause. She stayed home to work out a design.
Husband William was soon home, feeling even worse. Two weeks later, he died,
and Josephine was left with a scantÀIWHHQ
hundred dollars and much more than that
in debts6KH·GDOVRORVWWKHLQÁXHQFHKH
would’ve provided in pushing her invention.
At that moment, everything changed.
Josephine Cochrane became the driven
developer and champion of a wholly new
commercial venture. She started out in a shed
behind her house. Four years later, she was
advertising the Garis-Cochran Dish-Washing
Machine Company in periodicals. She later
said that the hardest part of the task was not
turning from a socialite into a mechanic, but
turning from a socialite into the promoter of a
new product.
Cochrane’s big break came when the
1893 Columbian Exposition used her new
machines in its vast kitchens. The company
kept growing, propelled by her dogged energy,
until she died of nervous exhaustion at the
age of 74. Late in life, she’d said, “If I knew
all I know today, never would have had the
courage to start.” After she died, the com-
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pany changed hands and names until in 1940
it became the Kitchen Aid part of the Whirlpool Corporation. n
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ailing
aim, to
cause
chafe at, to
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chip, to
debt
dishes
dogged
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fancy up, to
indignity
invention
jet
lineage
merchant
periodical
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propel, to
rack
rest cure
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