Avancés et récentes applications des composites à fibres

Avancés et récentes applications des
composites à fibres naturelles
Johanne Denault, PhD
Conseil national de recherches du Canada
Colloque CDCQ-RICQ
20 octobre 2015
Natural Fiber Composite
Opportunities
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Renewable source of raw material
Can lead to cost reduction
Reduced tool wear
Safe manufacturing processes
• No airborne glass particles, relief from occupational hazards.
• Reduced dermal and respiratory irritation. No emission of toxic fumes
when subjected to heat and incineration
Most thermoplastic composites are recyclable.
• Possibility of recycling the cuttings and manufacturing wastages.
Compostable when compostable resins are used
Excellent acoustic and damping properties
Excellent specific strength and high modulus.
Reduced part weight; 20-50% for automotive parts
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Automotive applications
• Volkswagen: back of seats,door panels, trunk panels
• Audi: back of seats, side panels, trunk covering, speakers
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BMW: door panels, headliners, trunk floor panel
Daimler Chrysler: door panels, business tables, paddingpillars reinforcing, dashboard parts
Opel: headliners, door panels, dashboard parts
Peugeot: back of seats, trunk coverings
Renault: rear shelf
Mercedes Benz trucks: front sections for the trucks.
Canadian automaker Motive (Calgary, Alberta); bio-composite
materials derived from hemp and flax fiber have been used to
create the headliner, door panels and trim, floor tub and
center tunnel, instrument panel and center console panel.
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Automotive applications
Automotive applications
Sport Success Stories
Tennis Racket Décathlon
Artengo
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Applications
Helmet
 weight reduction
VTT 2008, Ski 2010
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Applications
Marine
 Avantage de réduction de poids
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Applications
• CAMIRA spin off of NOTTINGHAM UNIVERSITY successfully made the first
3.5 meter long wind turbine blade reinforced with only FLAX FIBERS using a
600 GSM FLAX BIAXIAL +/- 45°
• It passed the IEC61400 norm making it a real success. The blade can stand a
hurricane !
Applications
Innobat developed a biobased composite
material with flax fiber reinforcements
produced by pultrusion and registered under
the trademark PulGreen®. This innovative
composite material, developed for the
manufacturing of windows profiles,
combines good insulation of PVC and
mechanical strength of Aluminum while
having a reduced environmental impact.
This composite material and the technology
to produce profiles have been patented by
Innobat.
http://innobat.fr/en/
Valorization of Canadian Biomass in High Value
Products
Straw, Wood
Cellulose
Biocomposites
Lignin
Seed
Oil
Starch
Biomonomers, Biopolymers
Polymer Products: Moulded parts
Foam, Films, Fibres
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Biocomposite Challenges
for high performance applications
• Fibre consistency and quality
• Low impact strength (due to defects at fibre surface)
• Problem of storing raw material for extended time
 Possibility of degradation, biological attack of fungi and
mildew
• Issues of bonding with polymers and resins
which affect mechanical performance
and humidity resistance
• Processing temperature
• Low flammability resistance
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Biocomposites for high performance applications
(NRC 2005-….
• High performance fibres for mats and
technical fabrics
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coll Texel, Regitex and Texonic
• Enzyme Retting Process
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Improve fiber consistency and
temperature resistance
• Fiber surface treatment and
formulation to improve fire resistance
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Fire stopped after removing the flame
from ignition and char is formed
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Improved fire resistance – meet
requirements of aerospace and
ground transportation applications
• Compatibilization strategy
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Strong interface, i.e., mechanical
interlock and chemical interaction,
between fibers and matrix
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Recent NRC projects
Confidential
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NRC-CDCQ Multiclient Project Thermoset Polyester
Biocomposites
To build a Canadian Value Chain
Industrial partners
Collaborators
Material suppliers
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NRC-CDCQ Multiclient Project Thermoset Polyester
Biocomposites May 2013- May 2016
Project Goal:
The main objective of this project is to develop all of the basic knowledge and
technologies needed to design and manufacture composite parts made of
unsaturated polyester (UPE) resin reinforced with cellulosic fibers.
Scope
• Natural fiber composites with optimum properties
• Interface, flammability and humidity resistance
• Polyester resin
• Flax fiber mats & technical fabrics
• Efficient molding process
• Closed mold process
• Repair
• Performance
• Mechanical
• Flammability, moisture
• Durability
• Cost Positioning and Prototypes
Canadian Flax Fibers
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Thank you
Johanne Denault
Senior Research Officer
Tel: 450-641-5149
[email protected]
www.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca