Seminar materials - Stikeman Elliott LLP

Transcription

THE CANADA CONSUMER
PRODUCT SAFETY ACT
The New Reality
SEMINAR
STIKEMAN ELLIOTT LLP
|
MONTRÉAL
TORONTO
OTTAWA
CALGARY
VANCOUVER
WEDNESDAY, SEPTEMBER 14, 2011
NEW YORK
LONDON
SYDNEY
www.stikeman.com
THE CANADA CONSUMER
PRODUCT SAFETY ACT –
The New Reality
CONTENTS
SEMINAR WEDNESDAY, SEPTEMBER 14, 2011
SPEAKERS
Justine Whitehead, Partner, Stikeman Elliott, Ottawa
Douglas Harrison, Partner, Stikeman Elliott, Toronto
PRESENTATION SLIDES
Canada Consumer Product Safety Act
ARTICLES
“An Overview of Canada Consumer Product Safety Act,”
written by Douglas Harrison, to appear in Lexpert’s 2011 Guide to the
Leading US/Canada Cross-border Litigation Lawyers in Canada
(publication date October 2011)
RESOURCES
Health Canada Guidance Documents on the CCPSA
Canada Consumer Product Safety Act (CCPSA) – Section 13
Guidance on Mandatory Incident Reporting under the Canada
Consumer Product Safety Act - Section 14 Duties in the Event
of an Incident
Report an Incident Involving a Consumer Product
Frequently Asked Questions for the Canada Consumer Product Safety Act
FIRM PROFILE
An overview of Stikeman Elliott’s Toronto Litigation Group and the
Ottawa offices Federal Regulatory focus
THE CANADA CONSUMER
The New Reality
PROFILES OF TODAY’S SPEAKERS
Justine Whitehead
Partner, Federal Regulatory Group
Stikeman Elliott, Ottawa
Douglas Harrison
Partner, Litigation Group
Stikeman Elliott, Toronto
Justine M. Whitehead
Suite 1600, 50 O’Connor Street, Ottawa, Canada K1P 6L2
Direct: (613) 566-0546 Fax: (613) 230-8877 [email protected]
Law Practice
Justine Whitehead is a partner in the Ottawa office of Stikeman Elliott. Ms. Whitehead
practises federal regulatory law, mainly in the areas of intellectual property, marketing and
advertising, and international trade law. She has appeared before the Federal Court and
Federal Court of Appeal on matters relating to intellectual property and international trade.
Ms. Whitehead regularly counsels clients in connection with the acquisition and protection of
intellectual property rights. Her practice includes trademark prosecution and portfolio
management, and advice on enforcement of intellectual property rights. Ms. Whitehead also
provides advice on intellectual property issues arising from commercial and transactional
matters. Ms. Whitehead has significant experience in the negotiating and drafting of
technology services and intellectual property licensing agreements.
Ms. Whitehead provides counsel pertaining to the marketing, advertising and sale of
regulated consumer products including food, beverages, natural health products, cosmetics,
pharmaceutical products, medical devices, consumer chemicals, pesticides and hazardous
products.
Ms. Whitehead has advised various complainants on all aspects of the Canadian
procurement process, including preparing bid submissions. She has represented a
government institution and various complainants before the Canadian International Trade
Tribunal (CITT) in the procurement review process, and has appeared before the Federal
Court of Appeal in respect of judicial review of decisions of the CITT.
Professional Activities
Ms. Whitehead is a member of the Canadian Bar Association, the American Bar Association,
and the International Trademark Association (INTA).
Publications
Ms. Whitehead is the editor of Stikeman Elliott’s monthly IP Update, and regularly writes and
speaks on issues relating to intellectual property and information technology.
 “Lower Court Erred in Using Trademark Principles in Keyword Case”, INTA Bulletin,
Vol. 66, No. 12 (July 1, 2011).
 “Technology Rights and Distressed Companies”, presentation to International Bar
Association (Vancouver, October 2010).

“Canadian Government Re-introduces Anti-spam Legislation", Ultimate Corporate
Counsel Guide, August 2010 (Volume 44).
 “Opposition to Toothpaste Design Doesn’t Brush Past Pleading Rules”, INTA Bulletin,
Vol. 65, No. 11 (June 15, 2010).
STIKEMAN ELLIOTT LLP PROFILE
 "Series of Unfortunate Events Protects Registration Despite Non-Use of Mark”, INTA
Bulletin, Vol. 65, No. 10 (May 15, 2010).
 “Policy Considerations Influence Federal Court’s Descriptiveness Interpretation”, INTA
Bulletin, Vol. 65, No. 6 (March 15, 2010).
 "Federal Court of Appeal Confirms Material Dates for Confusion Analysis", INTA
Bulletin, Vol. 64, No. 23 (December 15, 2009).
 Successful Expungement Action Requires Direct Evidence of Prior Use of Confusingly
Similar Trademark", INTA Bulletin, Vol. 64, No. 15 (August 15, 2009).
 “Federal Court Procedures Influence Outcome of Undefended Claim” and “New
Opposition Practice Notice in Effect”, INTA Bulletin, Vol. 64, No. 9 (May 1, 2009).
 “Marks Prohibited Under Section 10 Must Be Considered in Their Totality”, INTA
Bulletin, Vol. 64, No. 7 (April 1, 2009).
 “High Threshold Required to Establish Likelihood of Confusion in Specialized Services”,
INTA Bulletin, Vol. 64, No. 6 (March 15, 2009).
 J. Whitehead and A. Stockwell, “Bankruptcy Risks for Intellectual Property Licensing in
Canada”, Internet and E-Commerce Law in Canada (March, 2009).
 “Opposition Board Rejects Application Because Applicant Lacked Good Faith", INTA
Bulletin, Vol. 63 No. 21 (November 15, 2008).
 “Continuous and Blatantly Recidivist” Infringement Can Result in Multiplication of
“Scale” Nominal Damages, INTA Bulletin, Vol. 63 No. 17 (September 15, 2008).
 "Intention to Resume Use Cannot Excuse Non-Use in Summary Cancellation
Proceedings", INTA Bulletin, Vol. 63 No.17 (July 15, 2008).
 “Canada’s Olympic and Paralympic Marks Act”, The Lawyer’s Weekly (May 2, 2008).
 “Protecting Your Intellectual Property Assets”, presentation to 14th Annual Conference
for Law Clerks (May 2004).
 J. Whitehead and E. Zipes, “Copyright Board of Canada Presses Pause Button on
Blank Tape/CD ‘Tax’ Creep: It says $60 Million per Annum is enough Compensation for
Private Copying”, (2003-04) 4 Internet and E-Commerce Law in Canada (February
2004).
 J. Whitehead, E. Derényi and J. Blakey, “Information Technology and Intellectual
Property Issues in Corporate Transactions”, presentation to Ontario Bar Association,
Young Lawyers Division (November 2003).
 “Comparative Advertising: Passing Off, Depreciating Goodwill or Just Good Business”,
presentation to Intellectual Property Forum (December 2003).
 “Should Advances in Internet Filtering Technology Affect Regulatory Choices?” 3rd
International Conference Law and Technology (December 2002).
 J. Blakey and J. Whitehead, “Approaching a Regulatory Crossroad: Internet
Retransmission Activities in Canada”, (2002-03) 3 Internet and E-Commerce Law in
Canada (August 2002).
 R.J. Hofley and J. Whitehead, “Defining the Boundaries of Export Assistance:
Preliminary Lessons from Two Recent Canadian WTO Losses”, (1999:3) International
Trade Law and Regulation.
 D.A. Kubesh and J. Whitehead, “Canada Works Toward Developing an Agricultural
Trade Position”, (1999:4) International Trade Law and Regulation.
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Education
Osgoode Hall Law School (LL.B. 1997), Carleton University (BA economics, Honours BA
english, MA Canadian studies).
Background
Prior to attending law school, Ms. Whitehead spent several years working in finance and
corporate development at Canada Post Corporation’s headquarters in Ottawa.
Bar Admission
Ontario, 1999.
3
Douglas F. Harrison
5300 Commerce Court West, 199 Bay Street, Toronto, Canada M5L 1B9
Direct: (416) 869-5693 Fax: (416) 947-0866 [email protected]
Law Practice
Doug Harrison is a partner in the Litigation Group of Stikeman Elliott in Toronto. His practice
is focused primarily in the areas of general corporate-commercial litigation and
arbitration, environmental litigation, products liability, defamation and insolvency.
He has extensive advocacy experience having appeared before all levels of court in Ontario
(including the Commercial Court), the Federal Court (Trial Division), and various
administrative tribunals. He is also experienced in alternative dispute resolution and class
actions.
Professional Activities
Mr. Harrison is a member of the Canadian Bar Association, the Ontario Bar Association, the
American Bar Association (Section of International Law), The Advocates’ Society, the
Toronto Lawyers Association, the Defence Research Institute, the Canadian Chamber of
Commerce (Arbitration) and the International Association of Defense Counsel. Mr. Harrison
is also a member of The Chartered Institute of Arbitrators (U.K.), entitling him to the
designation MCI Arb, and was a member of the Corporate Counsel Committee of the
American Arbitration Association. Mr. Harrison taught Trial Advocacy at the Queen's
University Faculty of Law 1993-1997.
Publications
 “Canada Consumer Product Safety Act comes into force June 20, 2011 - What retailers
need to know,” republished in the Illinois State Bar Association’s newsletter, The
Corporate Lawyer (August 2011)
 "Damages and Liability - Or, the Cart and the Horse" presented at the Canadian
Institute’s Forum on Consumer Product Safety, Liability and Recalls (May 2011)
 "New Commercial Mediation Act Makes Ontario a Better Choice for Commercial
Dispute Resolution," republished by CCH Canadian Limited's newsletter, ADR Forum
(March 2011)

“Canada Consumer Product Safety Act comes into force June 20, 2011 - What retailers
need to know”, Business Law Update, Stikeman Elliott (March 2011)
 Co-author of Canadian chapter in Getting the Deal Through - Arbitration 2011, Law
Business Research (February 2011)
 “Damages for stigma awarded in Canadian environmental class action”, Newsletter of
the Toxic Torts and Environmental Law Committee of the ABA's Tort Trial & Insurance
Practice Section. Case comment discussed Smith v. Inco decision of the Ontario
Superior Court of Justice (Fall/Winter 2010)
 “New Commercial Mediation Act makes Ontario a better choice for commercial dispute
mediation”, Litigation Update, Stikeman Elliott (November 2010)
 “Yugraneft Corp. v. Rexx Management Corp., 2010 SCC 19.”, ABA’s The International
Dispute Resolution News (joint newsletter of the International Arbitration, International
Litigation, and International Mediation Committees of the ABA’s Section of International
Law) (November 2010)
 Co-author of Canadian chapter in Getting the Deal Through - Product Liability 2010,
Law Business Research (September 2010)
 "Canada as an International Arbitration Forum: The Best of Both Worlds?", Defense
Research Institute Annual Meeting (October 2009)
 "Cross-examination in International Arbitrations: One Person's Meat is Another Person's
Poison", American Bar Association Section of International Law Fall Meeting (October
2009)
 Canadian chapter in International Commercial Dispute Resolution (April 2009)
 "Limiting Liability in Goods Manufactured Abroad: Coping with the Challenges Created
by Outsourcing Production" at the Canadian Institute's Forum on Product Liability and
Recalls (May 2008)
 "Seeking Rationality and Uniformity: Multi-Jurisdictional Class Actions in Canada",
Defense Research Institute - For the Defence - Commentary (July 2007)
 Arbitration chapter in CCH Canada, Ultimate Corporate Counsel Guide (Litigation and
ADR section) (2006)
 "Letters Rogatory: Examination of Witnesses in Canada for U.S. Litigation", Defense
Research Institute - For the Defence - Commentary (February 2006)
 "Food Products Liability Law in Canada", NFPA Journal (2003)
 "The Canadian Experience: Food Products Liability", National Food Processors'
Association Litigation Conference (2003)
 "Drafting ADR and Arbitration Clauses", ADR Institute of Canada (2002)
 "Key Elements of an Effective Arbitration Clause", LSUC Department of Continuing
Education (1997)
 "Drafting the Arbitration Clause: Ensuring an Efficient and Predictable Process",
Osgoode Hall Law School Professional Development Program (1997)
 "Commercial Free Speech and Tobacco: A Case Study", Canadian Institute (1997)
 "Canada" in The International Libel Handbook, Butterworth Heinemann (1995)
Representative Work
Mr. Harrison has extensive experience representing clients in domestic and international
arbitrations, drafting arbitration agreements and assisting in the selection of arbitrators. His
major mandates include acting for:
 a major Canadian media entity in an arbitration with a large municipality over certain
contractual obligations
 a home services company in an arbitration to determine amounts due pursuant to a
shareholder buyout
 a large Canadian manufacturer in an arbitration over pricing in a long-term supply
agreement
2
 a large Canadian re-insurer in a proceeding to set aside an international arbitration
award on the basis of arbitrator incompetence
 a major Korean manufacturer in a significant arbitration over the termination of its
American distributor
 an entertainment industry association in an arbitration to establish certain royalty rates
 an international building supplies company in an arbitration of an entitlement under an
earn-out agreement
 a major European reinsurer in an arbitration to determine amounts due under a coinsurance agreement
 a large waste disposal company in an arbitration to establish a shared cost
arrangement for a municipal landfill operation
 a Japanese auto manufacturer in an arbitration concerning dealership termination rights
Mr. Harrison has extensive experience in the defence of class actions, including the
following matters:
 a US public company in the defence of claims brought by residents of Burlington,
Ontario relating to allegations of off-site TCE contamination
 Northstar Aerospace in the defence of claims brought by residents of Cambridge,
Ontario relating to off-site TCE contamination
 Siemens Canada in the defence of a claim brought by residents of Kingsville, Ontario
for damages arising from a large plastics fire
 Pharmaceutical manufacturer in a class action alleging defects in a prescription drug
 Whitehall-Robins in a class action brought on behalf of purchasers of a certain over-thecounter cold remedy
 Heinz Canada in a class action brought over alleged improper bottle recycling fees
Among the significant proceedings in which Mr. Harrison has appeared as counsel include:
 Allen v. Carnival Corporation, 2008 ONCA 57 (CanLII)
 Longyear Canada, ULC v. 897173 Ontario Inc. (J.N. Precise), 2007 CanLII 54076 (Ont.
S.C.J.)
th
 Ludwig v. 1099029 Ontario Ltd., 2004 CarswellOnt 4516, 4 C.P.C. (6 ) 251 (Sup. Ct.)
 TAL Global Asset Management Inc. v. Wai-Ping, 2003 CarswellOnt 129 (Sup. Ct.)
 Universal Showcase v. Alliance Store Fixtures Inc., 2002 CarswellOnt 680 (Sup. Ct.)
 Working Ventures Canadian Fund Inc. v. Angoss Software Corp., 2001 CarswellOnt
2752 (C.A.)
th
 Knowles v. Wyeth-Ayerst Canada Inc., [2001] O.J. No. 1812, 16 C.P.C. (5 ) 330 (Sup.
Ct.)
 Zeldin v. Goldis, [2000] O.J. No. 3001 (Sup. Ct.)
 Working Ventures Canadian Fund Inc. v. Angoss Software Corp., 2000 CarswellOnt
4554 (Sup. Ct.)
 Coulter v. E.L. Huckerby & Associates Inc., [1998] O.J. No. 909, 41 B.L.R. (2d) 264
(Gen. Div.)
3
 Troxler Electronic Laboratories Inc. v. M&L Testing Equipment Co., 1997 CarswellOnt
3325 (C.A.)
Education
University of Toronto (LL.B. 1985), Queen's University (BA Political Studies 1982)
Background
Prior to being called to the Ontario Bar, Mr. Harrison was a reporter and copyeditor with the
Globe and Mail (Canada’s national newspaper), as well as a freelance sports writer and
broadcaster for several Canadian media outlets including the Canadian Press and the
Canadian Broadcasting Corporation.
Bar Admission
Ontario, 1988
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THE CANADA CONSUMER
The New Reality
PRESENTATION SLIDES
An Overview of the Act
1
www.stikeman.com
OVERVIEW OF CCPSA - In force as of June 20, 2011
New Powers for Health Canada
  Order recall and other corrective measures
  Require tests and studies
  Increased fines and penalties including AMPs
SLIDE 1
STIKEMAN ELLIOTT LLP 1
OVERVIEW OF CCPSA - In force as of June 20, 2011
New Obligations for Industry
  General prohibition of goods that pose a danger
  Record-keeping
  Mandatory reporting of “incidents”
SLIDE 2
What is Covered by CCPSA?
  Consumer Products (defined in s. 2 of CCPSA)
1)  a product, including its components, parts or accessories,
and packaging
2)  that may reasonably be expected to be obtained by an
individual to be used for non-commercial purposes
SLIDE 3
What is Excluded from the CCPSA?
  Schedule I of CCPSA lists exclusions
  The packaging of an exempt product might be considered
to be a consumer product
SLIDE 4
Overlapping Jurisdiction for Electrical Products
  Health Canada is working with the provincial electrical
safety authorities
  In the meantime, there is overlapping jurisdiction
SLIDE 5
CCPSA’s Key Prohibitions
  Section 5 – Products Banned for Sale in Canada
  No one can manufacture, import, advertise or sell a
consumer product listed in Schedule 2
  Schedule 2 lists products that were already banned under
the Hazardous Products Act, such as baby walkers and
lawn darts
SLIDE 6
  Section 6 – Products that Do Not Meet Regulatory
Requirements
  Cannot manufacture, import, advertise or sell
  E.g. flammability requirements under Children’s
Sleepwear Regulations; lead ban under Children’s
Jewellery Regulations
SLIDE 7
What is “A Danger to Human Health or Safety”
  Section 2 CCPSA - any unreasonable hazard
(existing or potential)
  Normal or foreseeable use
  Can reasonably be expected to cause (i) death;
or (ii) an adverse effect (including injury) to an
individual exposed to this hazard
SLIDE 8
  Section 8 –Applies to Everyone
  No advertising or sale of a consumer product
that person knows:
a)  dangerous
b)  subject of recall order or because it is dangerous
c)  is subject to any other measures imposed by Minister
SLIDE 9
  Section 9 – Misleading Packaging/Labelling
- Applies to Everyone
  No one shall package or label a consumer product that
a)  creates an erroneous impression that the product is
not a dangerous
b)  is false, misleading or deceptive regarding its compliance
with safety requirements
SLIDE 10
  Section 10 – Misleading Claims in Advertising or Sale -
Applies to Everyone
  No one shall advertise or sell a consumer product that
they know is deceptively misleading under the terms of
section 9 of the CCPSA
SLIDE 11
  Section 11 – Applies to Everyone
  No one shall knowingly provide the Minister with false or
misleading information in respect of a matter under the
CCPSA or its regulations
  Section 20 – Applies to Everyone
  No one shall knowingly obstruct, hinder or make a false or
misleading statement (orally or in writing) to a Health
Canada inspector
SLIDE 12
CCPSA’s Key Obligations
  Section 12 – Applies to Manufacturers or Importers
  Minister can make order for:
a)  tests or studies and provide results to Minister
b)  compile information and provide information to Minister
SLIDE 13
  Section 13 –Documentary Obligations
  Retailers: name and address of the person from whom
they obtained the product and the location where and
the period during which they sold the product
  Others: name and address of the person from whom they
obtained the product or to whom they sold it, or both,
as applicable.
SLIDE 14
  Until end of sixth year after end of the year they
relate to
  Must be kept a person’s place of business in Canada
  Electronic documents need to be accessible from
computers in Canada
SLIDE 15
  Minister can provide confidential information (without
consent)
a)  to a person or government that carries out functions
relating to the protection of human health or safety or the
environment (in relation to a consumer product),
b)  to anyone, including the public, when there is a serious
and imminent danger to human health or safety or the
environment, if the disclosure of the information is
essential to address the danger
SLIDE 16
Mandatory Incident Reporting
and Product Recalls
2
www.stikeman.com
Mandatory Incident Reporting – Section 14
  “Incidents” report by manufacturers, importers or sellers
  Death or serious adverse effects on health, including
serious injury:
–  occurrence anywhere
–  defect or characteristic
–  insufficient label or instructions; or
  Other remedial measure by another government
SLIDE 18
Health Canada’s Interpretation
of Reportable Incidents
  Death
  Injuries necessitating medical treatment
  Non-fatal threats to breathing
  Fire or other property damage
SLIDE 19
Who Must Report and When?
  Initial Report – manufacturer, importer, or seller
within 2 days
  Follow Up Report - manufacturer or importer
within 10 days
  Online reporting forms
SLIDE 20
DECISION TREE FOR INCIDENT REPORTING
SLIDE 21
WHEN & WHO TO REPORT TO
SLIDE 22
Health Canada’s Inspection Powers
  Inspectors have power to enter, at any reasonable time,
any place or vehicle
  Inspectors may examine or test anything
  Reasonable assistance required
SLIDE 23
Health Canada’s Remedial Powers
  Can order a recall
  Can order other measures
  Can seek a court injunction
SLIDE 24
Administrative Review of Recall Order
  Written request for a review of the decision
  Questions of fact alone or questions of
mixed fact and law
SLIDE 25
Offences Under the CCPSA
  Breaches of prohibitions to avoid knowingly distributing
unsafe products, or failure to comply with a mandatory
recall order
  On indictment - an indeterminate fine or imprisonment of
up to five years, or both.
  On first summary conviction - maximum fine of $500,000
or a maximum imprisonment of 18 months (or both)
  On subsequent summary convictions - maximum fines
of $1-million or maximum imprisonment of two years
(or both)
SLIDE 26
Offences
  In sentencing, the court is directed to take into account
the harm or risk of harm and the vulnerability of the
individuals
  Separate offence for each day on which it is committed
or continued
  Individuals can be a party to the offence and are liable to
the above penalties
SLIDE 27
Administrative Monetary Penalties (AMPs)
  Where persons have contravened a Health Canada
mandated recall or Health Canada order to take other
remedial measures
  Due diligence is not a defence to a violation; neither is a
reasonable and honest belief in facts that, if true, would
exonerate the person
  A points system
  Maximum penalty for a violation is $5,000 or $25,000
SLIDE 28
Questions and Answers
Douglas Harrison
[email protected]
Justine Whitehead
[email protected]
www.stikeman.com
THE CANADA CONSUMER
The New Reality
ARTICLES
“An Overview of Canada Consumer Product Safety Act,”
written by Douglas Harrison, to appear in Lexpert’s 2011 Guide to the
Leading US/Canada Cross-border Litigation Lawyers in Canada
(publication date October 2011)
AN OVERVIEW OF
THE CANADA CONSUMER PRODUCT SAFETY ACT
The new Act brings Canada’s consumer product safety regime more in line
By Douglas Harrison; Stikeman Elliott LLP
(To appear in Lexpert’s 2011 Guide to the Leading US/Canada Cross-border Litigation Lawyers in
Canada, October 2011)
The Canada Consumer Product Safety Act, S.C. 2010, c. 21 (“CCPSA” or “the Act”) came
into force on June 20, 2011.
Canadian manufacturers, importers, distributors, retailers and advertisers of consumer
products have significant new obligations under the CCPSA. Under the old legislative regime, one
could sell any product in Canada unless it was prohibited by law. In contrast, the CCPSA establishes
various general prohibitions in respect of the sale of unsafe goods, and enforcement mechanisms that
bring Canada’s consumer product safety regime more in line with that in the US and EU In particular,
the CCPSA:

prohibits the manufacturing, importing, advertising or sale of consumer products that
pose a danger to human health and safety (ss. 7 and 8);

prohibits anyone from packaging or labeling a consumer product in a manner that
could reasonably be expected to create an erroneous impression that it is not a danger
to human health or safety (s. 9);

imposes requirements for the reporting of incidents and test results to Health Canada
(ss. 12 and 14);

imposes document retention requirements (s. 13);

empowers Health Canada to order recalls and impose other remedial measures (ss. 31
and 32);

empowers Health Canada with various inspection rights and the ability to order
testing to verify compliance with the Act (ss. 12 and 21); and

establishes increased enforcement options in the face of non-compliance, including
both criminal sanctions and administrative monetary penalties (ss. 41 to 53).
The CCPSA maintains the majority of prior Canadian safety regulations under the repealed
Part I of the Hazardous Products Act, R.S.C., 1985, c. H-3. For example, regulations concerning toys,
children’s sleepwear and car booster seats have now been transferred to the CCPSA. Other than Part
I, the Hazardous Products Act remains in force and effect to provide a legislative and regulatory
scheme for “controlled products.”
-2Retailers will find themselves on the front line in dealing with the CCPSA but others in the
chain of distribution will have similar obligations. This article provides a comprehensive overview of
the key obligations, and a summary of the penalties for non-compliance with the CCPSA.
Products Covered by the CCPSA
Under s. 2 of the CCPSA, consumer products are broadly defined to include any product
(including its components, parts, accessories and packaging) that could reasonably be expected to be
obtained by an individual for non-commercial purposes, including domestic, recreational and sports
purposes.
There are exceptions. Consumer products do not include products that are governed by other
federal legislation, such as food, drugs, natural health products, medical devices, cosmetics, pest
control products, animal feed, seeds, fertilizers, explosives, firearms, ammunition, motor vehicles
(including integral parts), airplanes, ships and animals (CCPSA, Schedule 1). The CCPSA applies to
tobacco products but only in respect of their flammability properties (CCPSA, section 4(2)). But it is
important to note that there may be situations in which the packaging of an exempt product is
considered to be a consumer product, but the contents of such package are not.
Health Canada has advised that it will be working with the provincial electrical safety
authorities to streamline the process for handling consumer electrical product safety issues. In the
meantime, however, affected persons must be cognizant of the overlapping jurisdiction of provincial
electrical safety authorities and Health Canada under the CCPSA. For example, in Ontario,
manufacturers, importers, distributors and retailers of electrical products will continue to be subject to
the mandatory reporting and approvals regime of Ontario’s Electrical Safety Authority, and there are
some differences in products covered, reporting obligations and definitions of serious injury.
General Prohibitions
The CCPSA includes express prohibitions against the manufacture, importation,
advertisement or sale of consumer products that are a “danger to human health or safety,” or that are
the subject of a recall (voluntary or mandatory), or that are subject to another measure ordered by the
Minister in respect of such products (ss. 7 to 8). There are also a number of specifically prohibited
products listed in Schedule 2 of the CCPSA, as was the case under Part I of the Hazardous Products
Act (s.5) and no one is permitted to manufacture, import, advertise or sell a consumer product that
does not meet the requirements set out in the regulations (s.6). In addition, no one can package or
label a consumer product in a manner that creates an erroneous impression that the product is not a
danger to human health or safety, or that falsely describes its certification status or compliance with a
safety standard or regulation (s. 9). Furthermore, no one can sell consumer products that they know
do not comply with obligations in respect of misleading advertising, packaging or labeling (s. 10).
As might be expected, the phrase “danger to human health and safety” is broadly defined to
include any existing or potential unreasonable hazard posed by the normal or foreseeable use (and
even foreseeable misuse) of a consumer product that may reasonably be expected to cause death,
injury or an “adverse effect” on an individual’s health, whether immediate or chronic.
The definition of “sell” is defined so as to include leases, donations and sales for no
consideration, which encompasses loyalty programs.
Mandatory Incident Reporting
While there is a general prohibition on manufacturing and distribution of consumer products
that are known to be unsafe, mandatory incident reporting (s. 14) applies only to incidents concerning
-3“serious adverse effects” on health. Health Canada interprets a serious adverse health effect as being
an illness or injury requiring medical treatment such as a burn, a laceration, internal bleeding, a
fracture, poisoning, loss of function, loss of consciousness, inability to breathe, etc. Health Canada’s
goal in requiring incident reporting is to address unreasonable hazards and help prevent serious
injuries and other adverse health effects on people by observing and responding to trends that are
revealed in reports.
Manufacturers, importers and sellers must report any incidents involving consumer products
(whether they occurred in Canada or elsewhere) to Health Canada. “Incident” is defined in the Act to
include any occurrence that resulted (or may reasonably have been expected to result) in death or a
serious adverse effect on an individual’s health, including a serious injury (s. 14(1)(a)). “Incident” is
also defined to include a defect or characteristic, or an incorrect, insufficient or missing label or
instructions, any of which may reasonably have been expected to result in death or a serious adverse
effect on someone’s health (again, including a serious injury) (s. 14(1)(b) and (c)). Examples of
incorrect labels could include a picture that shows unsafe use, or inadequate instructions that might
result in someone incorrectly assembling a product that creates a hazard. Importantly, an injury does
not have to have occurred in these cases. Finally, recalls or any other measure instituted for human
health or safety reasons by a foreign entity, a provincial government or other provincial government
body or institution, or an Aboriginal government or institution, are also considered to be incidents that
must be reported (s. 14(d)).
Under the strict language of the Act, once a manufacturer, importer or seller learns of an
incident, it has two days (not including holidays) to provide a report to Health Canada and the person
(if any) from whom they received the consumer product (e.g., the importer or distributor in the case
of a retailer) containing all the information about the incident within their control (s. 14(2)). However,
Health Canada has stated that the clock only starts to run once it is determined that there has been an
incident. This means that once a manufacturer, importer or seller becomes aware of the event or the
relevant information, it can take a reasonable amount of time to evaluate it to decide whether such
event constitutes a reportable incident under the Act. Insights into Health Canada’s interpretation of
the CCPSA can be found in its Frequently Asked Questions for the Canada Consumer Product Safety
Act and its presentation to industry, which can be found at www.hc-sc.gc.ca/cps-spc/legislation/actslois/ccpsa-lcspc/faq-eng.php and www.hc-sc.gc.ca/cps-spc/legislation/acts-lois/ccpsalcspc/indust/ppt-eng.php, respectively.
Health Canada’s guidance document on incident reporting includes a decision tree to assist in
determining whether something is a reportable incident. Guidance on Mandatory Incident Reporting
under the Canada Consumer Product Safety Act – Section 14 Duties in the Event of an Incident can
be found at www.hc-sc.gc.ca/cps-spc/pubs/indust/2011ccpsa_incident-lcspc/index-eng.php. The
questions the document poses are: Is this a consumer product that I manufacture, import or sell in
Canada? Is the consumer product connected to the event? Does the event meet the criteria of an
incident? Does the event indicate an unreasonable hazard posed by the normal or foreseeable use of
the product or the foreseeable misuse of the product?
Only if the answer to each of those questions is yes, and only once that determination is
made, can one conclude that there is a reportable incident (note that the event may occur in a
commercial setting, but involve a consumer product and therefore be reportable). At that point, the
clock begins to run on the reporting obligation. It is also possible that while an individual event may
not rise to become an incident, a string of similar events may lead to the conclusion that there is
something that requires reporting.
-4If a manufacturer, importer or seller has determined that there has been an incident, it can
complete the online incident reporting form developed by Health Canada (which can be found at
www.hc-sc.gc.ca/cps-spc/advisories-avis/incident/cpir-ricpc-i-eng.php).
If the report contains confidential business information (defined in s. 2 as information that is
not publicly available, that has been protected to remain confidential, and that has economic value by
virtue of it not being publicly available) or personal information, that fact should be indicated at the
time the report is provided to Health Canada. Generally speaking, before disclosing such information
the Minister requires the consent of the person to whose business or affairs the information relates.
However, there are exceptions to this.
The Minister may disclose a reporting entity’s confidential business information without first
obtaining the consent of that entity: to a person or government that carries out functions relating to the
protection of human health or safety or the environment (in relation to a consumer product), provided
that person or government agrees to maintain the information in confidence and to use it only for the
purpose of carrying out its functions (s. 16); or to anyone, including the public, when there is a
serious and imminent danger to human health or safety or the environment, if the disclosure of the
information is essential to address the danger (ss. 17(1) and 18). In the latter case, the person to whose
business or affairs the information relates is to be notified by the Minister of the disclosure within the
next business day (s. 17(2)). “Serious and imminent danger” is a very high threshold and it is unlikely
the Minister would exercise this power absent extreme circumstances. However, it is also notable that
the Act does not address what a party may do if it believes the Minister has improperly disclosed
confidential business information.
Similarly, records may contain personal information about an individual. The Minister may
disclose personal information to a person or government that carries out functions relating to the
protection of human health or safety, without the consent of the individual to whom the information
relates, if the disclosure is necessary to identify or address a serious danger to human health or safety
(s. 15(1)). There is no requirement for the Minister to notify the individual concerned.
In considering the effect of these provisions, it should be noted that Health Canada routinely
shares information with the US Consumer Product Safety Commission (US CPSC), pursuant to a
2005 Memorandum of Understanding regarding cooperation related to the safety of consumer
products (see www.hc-sc.gc.ca/ahc-asc/intactiv/agree-accord/us-eu-cooperation-eng.php).
In addition to the incident report, Canadian manufacturers and importers of products
manufactured outside Canada must also provide Health Canada with a second report within 10 days
of becoming aware of the incident (or within the period that the Minister specifies by written notice).
This report must include information about the incident and the product involved, and identify any
other products they manufacture or import that to their knowledge could be involved in a similar
incident (for example, because they share the particular component that is at issue) (s. 14(3)). This
report must also set out any measures the manufacturer or importer proposes to take with respect to
those products. Health Canada’s online incident reporting form has been designed to permit a
manufacturer or importer to simply update the initial two-day report with the additional information
required for the 10-day report.
For a particular product, all parties in the chain of distribution must consider whether they
need to submit an incident report. If a retailer submits an incident report to Health Canada, the
manufacturer or importer concerned may also have to submit an incident report if it determines,
independently of the retailer, that there has been a reportable incident. As well, there could be two or
-5more manufacturers that need to report — the manufacturer of a component and the manufacturer that
assembles the finished product (and the manufacturer of any intermediate assembly).
While Health Canada recognizes that there may be a reasonable period of time between
learning of an event and having to report an incident, it will be important for retailers to ensure that
their front-line retail staff obtain information from consumers regarding any events and pass that
information along to supervisors who can inform the organization’s responsible person. However,
there are many ways to learn of an event, including notification from a standards body or from the
entity from whom a product has been sourced, or receiving a test report or a scientific or
epidemiological study. Procedures need to be established to ensure that such information reaches a
responsible person within the organization in a timely fashion, to allow for a determination to be
made whether an incident report is required.
It is also important to evaluate whether the triggers to report in Canada are different from
those in other jurisdictions. Just because a report is made to the US CPSC does not necessarily mean
that an incident report must be made to Health Canada, and vice versa. However, if Health Canada
inquires as to why it did not receive an incident report (after learning of a report made to the US
CPSC), one would be advised to have a reasoned analysis for that decision available.
Document Retention and Disclosure
The CCPSA requires parties in the chain of distribution to maintain various documents and
keep them available for inspection. According to Health Canada, these requirements were
implemented to ensure consumer products (and their components, given the definition of consumer
products) can be traced back through the supply chain to their origin in the event a danger must be
addressed, by, for example, instituting a recall (Health Canada, Guidance on Preparing and
Maintaining Documents under the Canada Consumer Product Safety Act (CCPSA) – Section 13,
which can be found at www.hc-sc.gc.ca/cps-spc/legislation/pol/doc_13-eng.php).
Anyone who manufactures, imports, advertises, sells or tests a consumer product must now
maintain records of names and addresses of persons from whom they obtained the consumer product
(s. 13(1)(a)(i)) and (with the exception of sellers) to whom they sold it (s. 13(1)(a)(ii)). While sellers
(i.e., principally retailers) do not need to keep a record of each sale and the identity of their
customers, they must retain records of the location where and period during when they sold the
product (s. 13(1)(a)(i)). Health Canada is considering regulations to exempt certain classes of persons
(e.g., those who obtain consumer products for sale through donations) from these obligations.
Any records prescribed by regulation (such as records required under the Consumer
Chemicals and Containers Regulations, 2001 (SOR/2001-269)) must also be kept by anyone who
manufactures, imports, advertises, sells or tests a consumer product (s. 13(1)(b)). In the case of
importers of consumer products for commercial purposes, the prescribed records must be provided to
the Minister no later than at the time of importation (s. 13(5)).
These records must be kept until the end of the sixth year after the end of the year to which
they relate. So if the record is made in February 2012, it must be kept until the end of December 2018
(unless a regulation prescribes otherwise) (s. 13(2)).
All records must be kept at the person’s place of business in Canada or any prescribed place
(unless the Minister exempts them from doing so on the basis that it would be unnecessary or
impractical to do so) (ss. 13(3) and 13(4)). However, electronic documents do not need to be kept on
servers in Canada, as long as such records are accessible from a computer terminal in Canada. In the
case of retailers, the documents in question may be located at the corporate head office rather than an
-6individual retail location. (For more information, see Health Canada, Frequently Asked Questions for
the Canada Consumer Product Safety Act at www.hc-sc.gc.ca/cps-spc/legislation/acts-lois/ccpsalcspc/faq-eng.php.)
These documents must be provided to the Minister upon request. The time period within
which to provide the documents will depend on the circumstances and in some cases is prescribed by
regulation (for example, documents regarding the specification of child-resistant characteristics of a
container under s. 10 of the Consumer Chemicals and Containers Regulations, 2001 must be
provided within 15 days).
Again, for the reasons set out above, it will be important to clearly identify confidential
information and personal information in any documents disclosed by the Minister.
Inspections and Orders for Remedial Measures
To verify compliance with the CCPSA, Health Canada inspectors have the power to enter, at
any reasonable time, any place (or vehicle) in which they have reasonable grounds to believe that a
consumer product is manufactured, imported, packaged, stored, advertised, sold, labeled, tested or
transported (s. 21(1)). An inspector is permitted to examine or test anything, open packages, take
samples, seize articles, search computers, copy documents and stop the activity in question (s. 21(2)).
These powers are akin to the powers that are possessed by the Canadian Food Inspection Agency,
which oversees many of the types of products that are exempt from the CCPSA such as food, drugs,
fertilizers and feeds. Persons in charge of the premises are required to provide inspectors with
reasonable assistance and with any information that they reasonably require (s. 21(5)).
In addition, the CCPSA has provided significant new powers to the Minister. If the Minister
of Health believes on reasonable grounds that a consumer product is a danger to human health or
safety, the Minister can order a manufacturer, importer or seller to recall it (s. 31(1)). This is a major
change in the consumer product safety regime in Canada: prior to the CCPSA, it was only possible
for Health Canada to request recalls be undertaken voluntarily. However, this new power is
comparable to the Canadian Food Inspection Agency’s pre-existing power to order a mandatory recall
of food (or another product within its mandate) if it poses a risk to public, animal or plant health
(Canadian Food Inspection Agency Act, S.C. 1997, c. 6, s. 19). A Minister’s recall order must include
a statement of the reasons for the recall and the time and manner in which the recall is to be carried
out (s. 31(2)).
Under the CCPSA, the Minister also has the authority to stop a person from manufacturing,
importing, packaging, storing, advertising, selling, labeling, testing or transporting a consumer
product, or to order them to take any measure that the Minister considers necessary to remedy noncompliance with the CCPSA (or its regulations), if the person fails to comply with an order regarding
testing or a recall, or if there has been a voluntary recall or if the Minister has reasonable grounds for
believing there has been a contravention of the CCPSA (or its regulations) (ss. 32(1) and (2)). If a
party fails to comply with a Minister’s order, then the Minister can carry out the recall or other
remedial measure at the party’s expense (s. 33).
There is an administrative process to review a Minister’s order for a recall or other remedial
measure. However, it must be initiated within seven days of the order (or a shorter period if specified
in the order), and the review is limited to questions of fact or mixed law and fact (ss. 35(1) and (2)).
The review decision (which can confirm, amend, terminate or cancel the reviewed measure) must be
provided within 30 days (although the officer can request a longer period) (ss. 35(7), (8) and (10)).
An order continues to apply during a review unless the review officer decides otherwise (s. 35(6)).
The reviewing officer has the authority to refuse to conduct a review if it is not submitted in a timely
-7fashion, fails to state the grounds for the request, or fails to set out the evidence that supports those
grounds, or is otherwise frivolous, vexatious or not made in good faith (s. 35(3)).
The Minister also has the power to seek an injunction from a court to stop someone from
doing something that may appear to be directed toward committing an offense under the CCPSA or to
order someone to do something that may prevent the commission of an offense under the CCPSA (s.
36). As well, the Minister has the power to make an interim order in respect of any matters within the
Minister’s regulatory authority if the Minister believes that immediate action is required to deal with a
significant danger to human health or safety (s. 40). In the preamble to the CCPSA, it is expressly
stated that a lack of full scientific certainty is not to be used as a reason for postponing measures that
prevent adverse effects on human health if those effects could be serious or irreversible.
The Minister can order manufacturers and importers to conduct tests or studies to ensure
compliance with the CCPSA or its regulations; to compile information considered necessary to
prevent non-compliance; and to provide the Minister with that information and any test or study
results (s. 12).
Penalties Under the CCPSA
Offenses
The most serious penalties are reserved for circumstances in which someone advertises or
sells a product they know is a danger to human health or safety; is the subject of a recall because it is
a danger to human health or safety; or is the subject of a Minister’s order under s. 32 for remedial
measures (e.g., stopping its importation). Similarly serious penalties face those who knowingly or
recklessly contravene the CCPSA (including knowingly providing the Minister with false or
misleading information), or contravene any CCPSA regulations or a Minister’s order. In such
circumstances, the person can be indicted and subject to an indeterminate fine or imprisonment of up
to five years, or both. Or, if the Crown proceeds by way of summary conviction, a person convicted
of a first offense is subject to a maximum fine of $500,000 or a maximum imprisonment of 18
months (or both). Subsequent convictions face maximum fines of $1 million or maximum
imprisonment of two years (or both) (s. 41(3)).
For other contraventions of the CCPSA, its regulations or a Minister’s order, the penalties for
conviction on indictment include a maximum fine of $5 million or a maximum imprisonment of two
years (or both). On summary conviction for a first offense, penalties include a maximum fine of
$250,000 or maximum imprisonment of six months (or both). Subsequent convictions risk a
maximum fine of $500,000 and a maximum imprisonment of 18 months (or both) (s. 41(1)). Due
diligence is a defense for these other contraventions (s. 41(2)).
In sentencing, the court is directed to take into account the harm or risk of harm caused by the
commission of the offense and the vulnerability of the individuals who use the consumer product (s.
41(4)). Children, for example, would be considered more vulnerable than adults.
It is important to note that if an offense is committed or continued on more than one day, it
constitutes a separate offense for each day on which it is committed or continued (s. 44). However,
proceedings by way of summary conviction have to be instituted within two years after the Minister
becomes aware of the acts or omissions that constitute the alleged offense (s. 46).
Directors, officers, agents or mandatories who directed, authorized, assented to, acquiesced
in, or participated in the commission of an offense, are considered a party to the offense and if
-8convicted are liable to the above penalties (s. 42). It is sufficient proof of an offense to establish that it
was committed by an employee, agent or mandatory of the accused (s. 43).
Violations
The CCPSA also provides for the imposition of administrative monetary penalties (AMPs)
where persons are found to have committed violations by contravening a Minister’s order to conduct
recalls or a Minister’s order to take other remedial measures to remedy non-compliance with the
CCPSA or its regulations. Due diligence is not a defense to a violation; neither is a reasonable and
honest belief in facts that, if true, would exonerate the person (s. 59(1)).
The exact manner in which an AMP will be calculated is to be laid out in a regulation that is
expected to be enacted in 2012. In its 2010 consultation paper, Health Canada proposed a points
system based on the gravity of the violation, including the number of prior violations a party had and
the risk of harm from the acts or omissions in question (see www.hc-sc.gc.ca/cpsspc/legislation/consultation/_2010ampr-rsap/consult-eng.php). However, the Act provides that the
maximum penalty for a violation is $5,000 in the case of a non-profit organization (or any other
person acting for non-commercial purposes) and $25,000 in any other case (s. 50(2)).
If someone receives a notice of violation, then rather than pay the proscribed penalty they
may ask to enter into a compliance agreement with the Minister, which could include a reduction of
the penalty (in whole or in part), or they can request a review of the acts or omissions at issue. If a
compliance agreement is entered into, the Minister may require reasonable security to be given
pending compliance with the agreement. If a compliance agreement is not complied with, the security
shall be forfeited to the Crown and the penalty that was set out in the notice of violation is doubled.
On a review, which is to be done in writing only, the Minister can determine, on a balance of
probabilities, whether or not the violation was committed, and has the ability to alter the penalty (ss.
56, 60).
If a violation is continued on more than one day, it constitutes a separate violation for each
day on which it is continued (s. 63). Proceedings by way of summary conviction have to be instituted
within six months after the Minister becomes aware of the acts or omissions that constitute the
alleged violation (s. 66).
Directors, officers, agents or mandatories who directed, authorized, assented to, acquiesced
in, or participated in the commission of a violation are considered a party to and liable for the
violation (s. 61). A person is liable for a violation committed by any employee, agent or mandatory
acting in the course of their employment or scope of their authority (s. 62).
Conclusion
The CCPSA imposes many new obligations on a vast number of entities that until now have
not had to be concerned with a specific product safety regime, beyond basic common-law obligations
like the duty to warn. Health Canada now wields powers much like the US CPSC, but how it will
exercise such powers remains to be seen.
In advance of the CCPSA coming into force, Health Canada doubled the number of
inspectors nation-wide to 90. The Director General of the Consumer Product Safety Directorate has
stated publicly that Health Canada will use targeted oversight, focusing on protecting vulnerable
populations such as children from serious injury, and will try to head off potential problems by
working with the higher levels of trade (i.e., manufacturers and importers) and with the Canadian
Border Services Agency. As well, Health Canada has advised that it expects to engage in step-wise
-9enforcement practises, seeking voluntary compliance before resorting to making orders and
commencing prosecutions.
Author:
Douglas Harrison, Stikeman Elliott LLP
Tel: (416) 869-5693  Fax: (416) 947-0866  E-mail: [email protected]
Douglas Harrison is a Toronto litigation partner, focusing on general corporate-commercial
litigation and arbitration, product liability and environmental litigation, including class
actions. He has extensive alternative dispute resolution and advocacy experience, having
appeared before all levels of Ontario courts. Member of the Canadian and American Bar
Associations, The Advocates’ Society, the Defence Research Institute, the Canadian
Chamber of Commerce (Arbitration), the International Association of Defense Counsel and
the Chartered Institute of Arbitrators.
THE CANADA CONSUMER
The New Reality
RESOURCES
Health Canada Guidance Documents on the CCPSA
Canada Consumer Product Safety Act (CCPSA) – Section 13
Guidance on Mandatory Incident Reporting under the Canada
Consumer Product Safety Act - Section 14 Duties in the Event of an
Incident
Frequently Asked Questions for the Canada Consumer Product Safety Act
Health Canada’s Consumer Product Safety
Guidance on Preparing and Maintaining Documents under the Canada
Consumer Product Safety Act (CCPSA) - Section 13
June 2011
Introduction
1. Definitions
1.1. Advertisement
1.2. Consumer product
1.3. Days
1.4. Document
1.5. Health Canada/Minister
1.6. Importer
1.7. Manufacturer
1.8. Seller
1.9. Year
2. Background
3. Requirements
3.1. Responsibilities of a Person
3.1.1. In the Case of a Retailer
3.1.2. In the Case of a Manufacturer, Importer, Advertiser, Seller or
Tester
3.2. Time and Manner
3.2.1. Period for Document Retention
3.2.2. Keeping and Providing Documents in Canada
4. Exemptions
5. Recommendations for Preparing and Maintaining Documents
5.1. Document Format
5.2. Incident Reports
6. What Happens to the Information
6.1. Confidential Business Information
6.2. Personal Information
7. Compliance and Enforcement
8. For More Information
Appendix A - Additional Requirements under CCPSA Regulations
Introduction
The Canada Consumer Product Safety Act (the "Act") requires any person who manufactures,
imports, advertises, sells or tests a consumer product for commercial purposes to prepare
and maintain documents. In this guidance, any reference to "person" includes an individual
or an organization as per section 2 of the Act.
The legislative text from section 13 of the Act is provided, below.
Section 13: Preparing and Maintaining Documents
13. (1) Any person who manufactures, imports, advertises, sells or tests a consumer
product for commercial purposes shall prepare and maintain
(a) documents that indicate
(i) in the case of a retailer, the name and address of the person from
whom they obtained the product and the location where and the period during which
they sold the product, and
-2(ii) in the case of any other person, the name and address of the
person from whom they obtained the product or to whom they sold it, or both, as
applicable; and
(b) the prescribed documents.
(2) The person shall keep the documents until the expiry of six years after the end of
the year to which they relate or for any other period that may be prescribed.
(3) The person shall keep the documents at their place of business in Canada or at
any prescribed place and shall, on written request, provide the Minister with them.
(4) The Minister may, subject to any terms and conditions that he or she may specify,
exempt a person from the requirement to keep documents in Canada if the Minister
considers it unnecessary or impractical for the person to keep them in Canada.
(5) A person who imports a consumer product for commercial purposes shall, no later
than at the time of the product's importation, provide the Minister with those
documents referred to in paragraph (1)(b) that are specified in the regulations.
This guidance document is an unofficial summary of the requirements under section 13,
Preparing and Maintaining Documents. It is not intended to substitute for, supersede or limit
the requirements under the Act. In case of any discrepancy between this summary and the
legislation, the legislation will prevail.
For further information, specific questions or clarification, contact a Health Canada Product
Safety Office.
1. Definitions
1.1. Advertisement
Refer to section 2 of the Act: includes a representation by any means for the purpose of
promoting directly or indirectly the sale of a consumer product.
Refer to section 2 of the Act: a product, including its components, parts or accessories, that
may reasonably be expected to be obtained by an individual to be used for non- commercial
purposes, including for domestic, recreational and sports purposes, and includes its
packaging.
1.3. Days
"Days" are calendar days.
1.4. Document
Refer to section 2 of the Act: means anything on which information that is capable of being
understood by a person, or read by a computer or other device, is recorded or marked.
For the purposes of this guide any obligations under section 13 for providing information or
reporting to the Minister are referenced as being provided to Health Canada.
-31.6. Importer
Adapted from section 2 of the Act: a person who imports consumer products into Canada.
1.7. Manufacturer
Adapted from section 2 of the Act: includes a person who produces, formulates, repackages
and prepares as well as reconditions consumer products for sale.
1.8. Seller
Adapted from section 2 of the Act: includes a person who offers consumer products for sale
or lease, exposes for sale or lease or has in possession for sale or lease. This definition
includes a person who distributes to one or more persons, whether or not the distribution is
made for consideration (i.e. giving away).
1.9. Year
Refer to section 2 of the Act: "Year" is interpreted as calendar year.
2. Background
The Canada Consumer Product Safety Act modernizes the consumer product safety regime in
Canada. The Act adopts modern tools and techniques that help protect the public from
dangers to human health or safety posed by consumer products and brings Canada's
consumer product safety system into line with our key trading partners.
Under section 13 of the Act, a retailer must prepare and maintain documents indicating who
they obtained the product from and the location where and the period during which they sold
the product. Any person who manufactures, imports, advertises, sells or tests a consumer
product for commercial purposes who is not a retailer must prepare and maintain documents
indicating who they obtained the product from or to whom they sold it (or both if applicable).
Note that regulations under the Act have additional record keeping requirements. A complete
list of these regulations and their record keeping requirements are listed in Appendix A.
Requirements under section 13 may be similar to records already retained by business as
part of their normal book keeping practices (i.e., documents for GST requirements or income
tax purposes).
This guidance provides an overview of the requirements under section 13 of the Act and
describes the compliance and enforcement policy regarding this section. Specifically, it
includes information on:
Requirements
Responsibilities of a person, and
Time and Manner for preparing and maintaining documents.
Exemptions
Recommendations for Preparing and Maintaining Documents
What Happens to the Information
Compliance and Enforcement
-43. Requirements
Section 13 of the Act requires any person who manufactures, imports, advertises, sells or
tests a consumer product for commercial purposes to prepare and maintain documents. The
purpose of this requirement is to help improve the traceability of non-compliant products
through the supply chain in the event that a danger must be addressed.
As part of the inspection process, an inspector may request access to documents that are
required to be maintained under section 13 of the Act and its regulations. In addition,
subsection 13(3) of the Act stipulates that persons shall, on written request, provide these
documents to the Minister of Health.
Persons should be aware that, in addition to the requirements of section 13, there are
additional record keeping requirements prescribed by regulations made under the Act (see
Appendix A).
3.1. Responsibilities of a Person
3.1.1. In the Case of a Retailer
Requirements for retailers differ from those for other persons. Subparagraph 13(1)(a)(i)
requires retailers to keep documents that include the following information:
The name and address of the person(s) from whom they obtained the product;
and
The location(s) where they sold the product and the time period during which
they sold the product.
There is no requirement under the Act for retailers to keep documents of every consumer
transaction or their personal information. Instead, subparagraph 13(1)(a)(i) requires retailers
to keep documents that specify the location where and the time period when they sold the
product. Some retailers maintain documents that record to whom each purchase was made.
Such practices may be beneficial when corrective action concerning a consumer product is
required.
3.1.2. In the Case of a Manufacturer, Importer, Advertiser, Seller or Tester
For persons who manufacture, import, advertise, sell or test a consumer product for
commercial purposes (excluding retailers), subparagraph 13(1)(a)(ii) requires the person to
prepare and maintain documents that indicate:
The name and address of the person(s) from whom they obtained the product;
or
The name and address of the person(s) to whom they sold the product;
Or both as applicable.
3.2. Time and Manner
3.2.1. Period for Document Retention
Subsection 13(2) requires that the person keep the documents until the expiry of six years
after the end of the year to which they relate, unless regulations specify another time
-5period. For example, unless otherwise specified in a regulation, a document that relates to
June of 2011 must be retained until December 31, 2017.
This period was chosen so that it aligned with existing document retention requirements that
persons may already be required to meet, such as those required under the Income Tax Act.
3.2.2. Keeping and Providing Documents in Canada
Under subsection 13(3), persons "shall keep the documents at their place of business in
Canada or at any prescribed place and shall, on written request, provide the Minister with
them".
Whether records are stored in paper or electronic format, it is required that all records will be
accessible at a person's place of business in Canada. For example, if a server that stores
electronic files is located outside of Canada, those files must be easily and readily accessible
on a computer terminal at the person's place of business in Canada.
Subsection 13(4) allows the Minister to grant an exemption if he or she considers that
keeping the documents in Canada is unnecessary or impractical. Requests for an exemption
from this requirement will be reviewed on a case-by-case basis.
As part of the inspection process, an inspector may request access to documents that are
required to be maintained under section 13 of the Act and its regulations. During an
inspection, persons should be prepared to provide documents upon request. Additionally,
subsection 13(3) stipulates that persons shall, on written request, provide documents to the
Minister of Health. Persons should be prepared to produce records upon request within the
timelines set in the written request or within the time period as set out in the regulations
(see Appendix A).
4. Exemptions
There may be cases of certain donated consumer products - such as when a donation is from
a person other than a manufacturer, importer, distributor, or retailer - where requirements to
prepare and maintain documents would do little to support product traceability.
As a result, Health Canada is developing a regulatory proposal to allow for an exemption
from the documentation related requirements in subsection 13(1), to apply to persons when
they are the recipients of consumer products that are donated by a person other than a
person who manufactures, imports, or sells consumer products.
5. Recommendations for Preparing and Maintaining Documents
The following are general document practices that are recommended for all persons required
to prepare and maintain documents under the Act.
5.1. Document Format
Documents can be provided to Health Canada in either electronic or hardcopy format.
However, regardless of format, records should be provided in the following manner:
Required information clearly identified;
In either English or French; and,
Legible
-6When submitting records to Health Canada it is recommended that records be provided in a
compiled format, such as a spreadsheet.
5.2. Incident Reports
Persons are encouraged to establish processes and procedures respecting consumer incident
reports related to their consumer products in order to decrease the potential for noncompliance with the mandatory reporting requirements outlined in section 14 of the Act.
Information that is submitted to Health Canada for the purposes of meeting record keeping
requirements will be kept confidential under federal legislation, which governs the collection,
use and disclosure of personal and confidential business information.
To be considered confidential business information (CBI) under the Act, the information
respecting a person's business or affairs must meet all of the following criteria:
a. It is not publicly available;
b. It is information in respect to which the person has taken measures that are
reasonable in the circumstances to ensure that it remains not publicly available;
and
c. It has actual or potential economic value to the person or their competitors
because it is not publicly available and its disclosure would result in a material
financial loss to the person or a material financial gain to their competitors.
If a person who manufacturers, imports or sells a consumer product in Canada believes that
information provided to Health Canada meets the criteria for CBI under the Canada
Consumer Product Safety Act or the Access to Information Act, then they can indicate this to
Health Canada at the time they provide the information.
The disclosure of personal information under the control of Health Canada must comply with
the disclosure provisions set out in section 8 of the Privacy Act. Disclosure without the
consent of the individual to whom the information relates must be made in compliance with
subsection 8(2) of the Privacy Act.
Subsection 8(2) sets out 13 instances where such disclosure may be made. In particular,
paragraph 8(2)(b) states that personal information under the control of a government
institution may be made "for any purpose in accordance with any Act of Parliament or any
regulation made there under that authorizes its disclosure."
The Minister's authority to disclose personal information without the consent of the individual
under the CCPSA is subject to two conditions:
The information may be disclosed only to a person or government that carries
out functions relating to the protection of human health or safety; and
The disclosure must be necessary to identify or address a serious danger to
human health or safety.
-7The ability to share personal information in those rare and serious circumstances helps
enable rapid response to serious dangers to human health or safety. The other disclosure
provisions contained in section 8 of the Privacy Act continue to apply.
7. Compliance and Enforcement
Where Health Canada is aware that a person has failed to provide information, the person
may be issued a written order under section 32 of the Act outlining the steps necessary to
ensure compliance.
8. For More Information
Safety Office.
Appendix A - Additional Requirements under CCPSA Regulations
The following regulations and record keeping requirements have been transferred from the
Hazardous Products Act to the CCPSA.
Regulation
Records required to be kept
Carbonated
Beverage
Containers
Consumer
Chemicals and
Containers, 2001
Records describing tests carried out on
the products and the results of such
tests
Specification regarding child-resistant
characteristics of the container (Section
10) and all Section 5 documents
Corded Window
Covering
Products
Cribs, Cradles
and Bassinets
Records that show that a product meets
the requirements of the regulations
Records that show that a product meets
Glass Doors and Records that show that a product meets
Enclosures
Lighters
Period to be
kept
2 years
3 years from the
date of
manufacture or
import
3 years from date
of manufacture or
import
3 years from date
of manufacture or
import
4 years from the
date of
manufacture or
import
6 years from the
date of sale or
import
Records that identify luxury lighters and
show the value of a luxury lighter on
sale by the manufacturer, and the value
for duty of an imported luxury lighter.
Certificate that a lighter has been tested 3 years
and complies with the child-resistance
requirements.
Period to
submit
records upon
request
Not specified
15 days
15 days
15 days
15 days
Not specified
15 days for
test protocol
data
Health Canada’s Guidance on Mandatory Incident Reporting under the Canada
Consumer Product Safety Act - Section 14 Duties in the Event of an Incident
June 2011
This document is an unofficial summary of, and guidance respecting, the requirements
under section 14, Duties in the Event of an Incident. It is not intended to substitute for,
supersede or limit the requirements under the CCPSA. In case of any discrepancy between
this summary and the legislation, the legislation will prevail.
This document may be updated from time to time. For the most recent version, consult
Health Canada's Web site at www.healthcanada.gc.ca/productsafety.
1. Introduction
2. Definitions
2.3. Importer
2.4. Manufacturer
2.5. Seller
3. Key Features
4. Receiving information on an event
5. Determination of an "incident"
5.1. Does the event relate to a consumer product the person manufactures, imports or sells?
5.2. Is the event an incident?
5.3. Does the event indicate an unreasonable hazard posed by the normal or foreseeable
use of the product?
5.4. Provision of incident information
6. When and What to Provide
6.1. Information regarding the "incident"
6.2. Written report
7. How Information is to be provided to Health Canada
8.1. Overview of Health Canada process
9. Failure to Provide Information
10. For More Information or Inquiries
11. Appendix A: Schedule I of the CCPSA
-212. Appendix B: Types of "incidents"
12.1. 14(1)(a) Death or Serious Adverse Effect
12.2. 14(1)(b) Defect or Characteristic
12.3. 14(1)(c) Incorrect or Insufficient Information
12.4. 14(1)(d) Recall or Other Measure
1. Introduction
The Canada Consumer Product Safety Act (CCPSA) sets out reporting responsibilities in
relation to potential health or safety concerns with consumer products (section 14).
Reportable incidents submitted by companies will help serve as an early warning and
detection of health or safety issues with the purpose of reducing the number of unsafe or
potentially unsafe consumer products on the Canadian market. This information can help
Health Canada to work with industry to proactively and efficiently respond, where
appropriate, to consumer product health and safety incidents.
Section 14 DUTIES IN THE EVENT OF AN INCIDENT
14. (1) In this section, "incident" means, with respect to a consumer product,
(a) an occurrence in Canada or elsewhere that resulted or may reasonably have
been expected to result in an individual's death or in serious adverse effects on their health,
including a serious injury;
(b) a defect or characteristic that may reasonably be expected to result in an
individual's death or in serious adverse effects on their health, including a serious injury;
(c) incorrect or insufficient information on a label or in instructions — or the lack of a
label or instructions -- that may reasonably be expected to result in an individual's death or
in serious adverse effects on their health, including a serious injury; or
(d) a recall or measure that is initiated for human health or safety reasons by
(i) a foreign entity,
(ii) a provincial government,
(iii) a public body that is established under an Act of the legislature of a province,
(iv) an aboriginal government as defined in subsection 13(3) of the Access to
Information Act, or
(v) an institution of an entity referred to in subparagraphs (ii) to (iv).
(2) A person who manufactures, imports or sells a consumer product for commercial
purposes shall provide the Minister and, if applicable, the person from whom they received
the consumer product with all the information in their control regarding any incident related
to the product within two days after the day on which they become aware of the incident.
-3(3) The manufacturer of the consumer product, or if the manufacturer carries on business
outside Canada, the importer, shall provide the Minister with a written report -- containing
information about the incident, the product involved in the incident, any products that they
manufacture or import, as the case may be, that to their knowledge could be involved in a
similar incident and any measures they propose be taken with respect to those products -within 10 days after the day on which they become aware of the incident or within the period
that the Minister specifies by written notice.
It is the responsibility of a person (an individual or an organization) who manufactures,
imports or sells consumer products in Canada for commercial purposes to ensure
compliance with the CCPSA's mandatory reporting requirements.
Incident reports serve as a major source of information to help identify dangers posed by
consumer products. By requiring that incidents be reported to Health Canada by all persons
who manufacture, import or sell for commercial purposes, the Government of Canada can
monitor the response to the danger. This information can be used to address unreasonable
hazards and help prevent adverse human health effects.
Section 14 requires persons who manufacture, import or sell consumer products in Canada
for commercial purposes to provide information when they become aware that an incident
has occurred that is related to a consumer product they supply in Canada. They have
2 days after the day on which they become aware to provide this information to Health
Canada and to notify the person from whom they received the consumer product. Persons
who manufacture or import have further obligations to provide Health Canada a written
report with specific information within 10 days after the day on which they become aware of
an incident.
This document is an unofficial summary of the requirements under section 14, Duties
in the Event of an Incident. It is not intended to substitute for, supersede or limit the
requirements under the CCPSA. In case of any discrepancy between this summary
and the legislation, the legislation will prevail.
Safety Office: 1-866-662-0666.
2. Definitions
Refer to section 2 of the CCPSA:
"a product, including its components, parts or accessories, that may reasonably be expected
to be obtained by an individual to be used for non-commercial purposes, including for
domestic, recreational and sports purposes, and includes its packaging".
-4Exclusions
Certain products regulated by other legislation, such as food, drugs, and explosives, as
listed in Schedule 1 of the CCPSA (refer to Appendix A) are excluded from the application of
the Act.
Natural health products are excluded from the application of the Act.
The CCPSA applies to tobacco products as defined in section 2 of the Tobacco Act, but only
in respect of their ignition propensity.
For the purposes of this guide any obligation under section 14 for providing information or
reporting to the Minister is referenced as being provided to Health Canada.
2.3. Importer
A person who imports consumer products into Canada.
2.4. Manufacturer
Includes a person who produces, formulates, repackages and prepares as well as
reconditions consumer products for sale.
2.5. Seller
Includes a person who offers consumer products for sale or lease, exposes for sale or lease
or has in possession for sale or lease. This definition includes a person who distributes to
one or more persons, whether or not the distribution is made for consideration (i.e. giving
away).
Note: A person who sells and imports a consumer product in Canada can report under
14(2) and 14(3) in its capacity as the importer. A person who sells and manufacturers a
consumer product in Canada can report under 14(2) and 14(3) in its capacity as the
manufacturer.
3. Key Features
Any person who manufactures, imports or sells consumer products in Canada for
commercial purposes is responsible for understanding their obligations under the CCPSA.
The CCPSA defines an incident, with respect to a consumer product, as:
- An occurrence in Canada or elsewhere that resulted or may reasonably have been
expected to result in an individual's death or in serious adverse effects on their health,
including a serious injury;
A defect or characteristic that may reasonably be expected to result in an individual's death
or in serious adverse effects on their health, including a serious injury;
-5Incorrect or insufficient information on a label or in instructions - or the lack of a label or
instructions - that may reasonably be expected to result in an individual's death or in serious
adverse effects on their health, including a serious injury; or
A recall or measure that is initiated for human health or safety reasons by
1. A foreign entity,
2. A provincial government,
3. A public body that is established under an Act of the legislature of a province,
4. An aboriginal government as defined in subsection 13(3) of the Access to
Information Act, or
5. An institution of an entity referred to in subparagraphs (ii) to (iv).
Where a person who manufactures, imports or sells a consumer product for commercial
purposes in Canada has become aware of an incident that is related to the product, they
must provide information regarding the incident within 2 days to Health Canada and the
person from whom they received the consumer product (refer to Figure 1 below).
A person who manufactures or imports has reporting obligations in addition to providing
information regarding the incident within 2 days to Health Canada and to the person from
whom they received the consumer product. They must also provide a written report within 10
days after the day on which they become aware of an incident to Health Canada containing
information about the incident, the consumer product involved, any consumer products that
they manufacture or import that may be involved in a similar incident and any measure they
have taken or propose to address the non-compliance (refer to Figure 1 below).
Figure 1: An Example of Reporting an Incident
The CCPSA, in conjunction with other federal laws, governs the disclosure of information
provided to Health Canada. Sections 15 through 18 are the relevant provisions under the
CCPSA regarding the disclosure of information. For further information see section 8.2 and
8.3 of this document.
4. Receiving information on an event
A person who manufactures, imports or sells a consumer product in Canada may receive
information on an event through a variety of sources, for example:
- Direct notification by a consumer, through complaints or product liability lawsuits or
claims;
-6- Direct notification by government (including Health Canada) or standards bodies;
- Direct notification by the person from whom they received the consumer product or
to whom they sent the consumer product;
- Direct notification by a non-government organization;
- Receipt of reports from experts, test reports, scientific or epidemiological studies or
other relevant information.
Establishing policies and procedures would be of help in determining if information received
on an event constitutes an incident that must be reported under section 14 of the CCPSA.
5. Determination of an "incident"
The CCPSA requires a person to determine whether an event is "related" to a consumer
product that they manufacture, import or sell in Canada for commercial purposes and that
the event meets one of the criteria set out in paragraphs 14(1)(a) through (d).
It is only once a person has completed this determination and become "aware" of an
incident that the 2 and 10 day timelines specified in the CCPSA commence.
The following questions can assist in the determination of whether an event is a reportable
incident:
- Does the event relate to a consumer product that I sell, manufacture or import in
Canada for commercial purposes (including its components, parts or accessories or
packaging)?
- Does it meet the criteria of an incident in either one of paragraphs 14(1) (a) through
(d)?
- Does it indicate an unreasonable hazard posed by the normal or foreseeable use of
the product or the foreseeable misuse of the product?
5.1. Does the event relate to a consumer product the person manufactures, imports or
sells?
When evaluating an event, the CCPSA requires a person to determine if the product
involved (including its components, parts or accessories and its packaging) is related to a
consumer product that they manufacture, import or sell in Canada for commercial purposes.
The event need not directly involve the same consumer product that is exactly identical to
the product the person manufactures, imports or sells in Canada. This may be the case, for
instance, if the consumer product the person supplies shares a component, accessory or
part with the product involved in the incident.
For example:
- A recall of a consumer product is initiated for human health and safety reasons in
another country. If the product manufactured by the person in Canada shares the same
-7component as one that caused an event in the other country, this might be an event "related
to" the consumer product.
An additional consideration for the aspect of "relate" requires a person to determine if the
consumer product is connected with the event.
5.2. Is the event an incident?
An "incident" with respect to a consumer product is detailed under paragraphs 14(1)(a)
through 14(1)(d) of the CCPSA (refer to Appendix B for details on the interpretation of these
paragraphs).
Refer to paragraph 14(1)(a)
An occurrence in Canada or elsewhere that resulted or may reasonably have been expected
to result in an individual's death or in serious adverse effects on their health, including a
serious injury;
Refer to paragraph 14(1)(b)
A defect, or characteristic that may reasonably be expected to result in an individual's death
or in serious adverse effects on their health, including a serious injury;
Refer to paragraph 14(1)(c)
Incorrect or insufficient information on a label or package - or the lack of a label or
instructions - that may reasonably be expected to result in an individual's death or in serious
adverse effects on their health, including a serious injury; or
Refer to paragraph 14(1)(d)
Recall or other measure that was initiated for human health or safety reasons by another
jurisdiction (including foreign entity) (refer to subparagraphs 14(1)(d)(i) to (v)).
5.3. Does the event indicate an unreasonable hazard posed by the normal or
foreseeable use of the product?
Section 14 places the onus on the person who manufactures, imports or sells a consumer
product for commercial purposes to determine whether to report an incident.
For an event to be an incident, under paragraphs 14(1)(a) to (c), it may be determined that
the event indicates an unreasonable hazard posed by the normal or foreseeable use of the
product.
Foreseeable use would include not only the use of a consumer product for its primary,
ordinary or intended purpose, but also the misuse of a product that is reasonably
foreseeable. What constitutes normal or foreseeable use of a consumer product will depend
on the particular product involved, and with the circumstances surrounding the event.
Upon consideration of these questions posed in 5.1, 5.2 and 5.3:
-81. Does the event relate to a consumer product that I sell, manufacture or import in
Canada for commercial purposes (including its components, parts or accessories or
packaging)?
2. Does it meet the criteria of an incident in either one of paragraphs 14(1)(a) through
(d)?
3. Does it indicate an unreasonable hazard posed by the normal or foreseeable use
of the product or the foreseeable misuse of the product?
a person may then have information from which one may reasonably conclude that the
event is a reportable incident. This constitutes awareness of an incident.
5.4. Provision of incident information
Once a person has information from which one may reasonably conclude that there is an
incident related to a consumer product that they manufacture, import or sell in Canada for
commercial purposes, they are considered "aware" of the incident. The CCPSA then
requires that the person provide information to Health Canada and, if applicable, to the
person from whom they received the consumer product.
6. When and What to Provide
6.1. Information regarding the "incident"
Once the manufacturer, importer or seller becomes aware of an incident, they are required
by the CCPSA to:
Refer to s. 14(2)
Provide all the information in their control regarding any incident related to the product within
2 days after the day on which they became aware of the incident to:
- Health Canada; and,
- The person from whom they received the consumer product.
The effect of this mechanism is to notify all persons in the supply chain of the incident, and
increase the detail of information received by Health Canada from the manufacturer,
importer or seller (refer to Figure 2).
-9Figure 2: Reporting an Incident to Health Canada
As per the Interpretation Act, where the due date for providing information to Health Canada
falls on a "holiday" (which includes a Sunday), the provision of information is due on the next
day that is not a holiday (refer to Table 1). "Holiday" is defined in subsection 35(1) of the
Interpretation Act to include a "Sunday" and other identified holidays.
Table 1: Calculation of due dates
The person who manufactures, imports or
Information provided to Health Canada
sells a consumer product becomes aware of under subsection 14(2) due by midnight
an incident on:
of the next*:
Note 1: The report becomes overdue after midnight in the person's location (e.g. if the
person is reporting from a city in British Columbia to Health Canada in Ottawa, Ontario, the
report is overdue after midnight PT).
Note 2: This table assumes that there are no "holidays" (other than Sunday) that week.
Friday
Monday
Saturday
Monday
Sunday
Tuesday
Monday
Wednesday
Tuesday
Thursday
Wednesday
Friday
Thursday
Saturday
6.2. Written report
In addition to submitting the information, the manufacturer or importer is required to:
Refer to s. 14(3)
Provide a written report to Health Canada within 10 days after the day on which they
become aware of the incident. The report must include :
- Information about the incident;
- Information about the product involved in the incident;
- 10 - Information about any products that they manufacture or import, as the case may
be, that to their knowledge could be involved in an similar incident; and,
- Any measures they propose to be taken with respect to those products.
Not every incident report will require that measures be proposed with respect to the
consumer product. Following analysis a person may determine that no measures are
required in response to the incident. Alternatively, based on the circumstances, they may
recommend a range of measures to be taken to address the cause of the incident.
What happens if the person who manufactures or imports is not able to meet the 10
day deadline?
If the person who manufactures or imports anticipates that they will not be able to compile
the required information within 10 days, they may wish to inform Health Canada as soon as
possible. Upon review of the report submitted under subsection 14(3) Health Canada may
indicate, in writing, a timeline different than the 10 days in which the report required under
subsection 14(3) must be provided.
7. How Information is to be provided to Health Canada
A digital PDF form has been developed to aid in providing information regarding incidents to
Health Canada.
This form can be automatically submitted online.
8.1. Overview of Health Canada process
Upon receipt of information regarding the incident, Health Canada determines if the report
has complete information.
Incident information will inform analysis on emerging hazards and trends and allow Health
Canada to work with industry proactively and efficiently respond, where appropriate, to
consumer product health and safety incidents.
To be considered confidential business information (CBI) under the CCPSA, information
respecting a person's business or affairs must meet all of the following criteria:
1. It is not publicly available;
2. It is information in respect to which the person has taken measures that are
reasonable in the circumstances to ensure that it remains not publicly available; and
3. It has actual or potential economic value to the person or their competitors because it
is not publicly available and its disclosure would result in a material financial loss to
the person or a material financial gain to their competitors.
- 11 Sections 16 and 17 of the CCPSA provide authority for the Minister to disclose CBI in
specific circumstances. Under section 16, the Minister may disclose CBI without the consent
of, or notice to, the person whose business or affairs the information relates if certain
conditions are met. The disclosure can only be in relation to a consumer product, and can
only be made to a person or government that carries out functions relating to the protection
of human health or safety or the environment. In addition, the person or government to
whom the information is to be provided must agree in writing to maintain its confidentiality
and to use it only for the purpose of carrying out functions relating to the protection of
human health or safety or the environment.
Under section 17, the Minister may disclose CBI to the public, without the consent of the
person to whose business or affairs the information relates and without notifying that person
beforehand, about a consumer product that is a serious and imminent danger to human
health or safety or the environment if the disclosure of the information is essential to address
the danger. Subsection 17(2) requires that notification of the disclosure be provided to the
person no later than the next business day following the disclosure.
If a person making an incident report under section 14 believes that information provided to
Health Canada in relation to an incident meets the criteria for CBI under the CCPSA or third
party information under the Access to Information Act, then they can indicate this to Health
Canada at the time they provide the information.
Health Canada will work with manufacturers, importers and sellers to mitigate safety
concerns without releasing CBI where possible.
The disclosure of personal information under the control of Health Canada must comply with
the disclosure provisions set out in section 8 of the Privacy Act. Disclosure without the
consent of the individual to whom the information relates must be made in compliance with
subsection 8(2) of the Privacy Act.
Subsection 8(2) sets out 13 instances where such disclosure may be made. In particular,
paragraph 8(2)(b) states that personal information under the control of a government
institution may be made "for any purpose in accordance with any Act of Parliament or any
regulation made there under that authorizes its disclosure."
The Minister's authority to disclose personal information without the consent of the individual
under the CCPSA is subject to two conditions:
1. The information may be disclosed only to a person or government that
carries out functions relating to the protection of human health or safety;
and
2. The disclosure must be necessary to identify or address a serious danger
to human health or safety.
The ability to share personal information in those rare and serious circumstances helps
enable rapid response to serious dangers to human health or safety. The other disclosure
provisions contained in section 8 of the Privacy Act continue to apply.
- 12 9. Failure to Provide Information
Failure to provide the information required by section 14 of the CCPSA constitutes an
offence and is subject to enforcement action.
10. For More Information or Inquiries
Contact a Health Canada Product Safety Office: 1-866-662-0666.
11. Appendix A: Schedule I of the CCPSA
SCHEDULE 1
(Subsection 4(1) and paragraph 37(1)(c))
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Explosives within the meaning of section 2 of the Explosives Act.
Cosmetics within the meaning of section 2 of the Food and Drugs Act.
Devices within the meaning of section 2 of the Food and Drugs Act.
Drugs within the meaning of section 2 of the Food and Drugs Act.
Food within the meaning of section 2 of the Food and Drugs Act.
Pest control products within the meaning of subsection 2(1) of the Pest Control
Products Act.
7. Vehicles within the meaning of section 2 of the Motor Vehicle Safety Act and a part
of a vehicle that is integral to it -- as it is assembled or altered before its sale to the
first retail purchaser -- including a part of a vehicle that replaces or alters such a part.
8. Feeds within the meaning of section 2 of the Feeds Act.
9. Fertilizers within the meaning of section 2 of the Fertilizers Act.
10. Vessels within the meaning of section 2 of the Canada Shipping Act, 2001.
11. Firearms within the meaning of section 2 of the Criminal Code.
12. Ammunition within the meaning of subsection 84(1) of the Criminal Code.
13. Cartridge magazines within the meaning of subsection 84(1) of the Criminal Code.
14. Cross-bows within the meaning of subsection 84(1) of the Criminal Code.
15. Prohibited devices within the meaning of paragraphs (a) to (d) of the definition
prohibited device" in subsection 84(1) of the Criminal Code.
16. Plants within the meaning of section 3 of the Plant Protection Act, except for Jequirity
beans (abrus precatorius).
17. Seeds within the meaning of section 2 of the Seeds Act, except for Jequirity beans
(abrus precatorius).
18. Controlled substances within the meaning of subsection 2(1) of the Controlled Drugs
and Substances Act.
19. Aeronautical products within the meaning of subsection 3(1) of the Aeronautics Act.
20. Animals within the meaning of subsection 2(1) of the Health of Animals Act.
12. Appendix B: Types of "incidents"
The following appendix provides some considerations when evaluating information to
determine if a consumer product was involved in an incident under paragraphs 14(1)(a)
through14(1)(d) of the CCPSA.
12.1. 14(1)(a) Death or Serious Adverse Effect
- 13 If it is determined that the occurrence related to the consumer product resulted or may
reasonably have been expected to result in an individual's death or in serious adverse
effects on their health, including serious injury, the CCPSA requires that information be
reported to Health Canada and to the person from whom the consumer product was
received.
A person who manufactures, imports or sells is required to report an occurrence whether or
not an actual injury or other health effect has occurred or whether or not the actual injury or
other health effect was itself serious if the occurrence may reasonably have been expected
to result in such harm. The potential for death or serious adverse health effects, including a
serious injury, may be an indicator that the consumer product poses a danger to health and
safety.
Examples of incidents under paragraph 14(1)(a) are illustrated below:
Table 2: Examples of Incidents under paragraph 14(1)(a)
Event
Example
Death
Consumer product resulting in death or
suspected of contributing to a death.
Any serious adverse health effects
(illness, injury)
Acute physical injury or illness requiring
medical or surgical treatment by, or under the
supervision of a qualified doctor or nurse. Medical or
surgical treatment can be provided in a hospital or
clinic or in a similar place such as a regional or rural
clinic where hospitalization may not always be
possible.
External physical injury (e.g. burn,
laceration);
Internal injury (e.g. internal bleeding,
injury to an organ, fracture);
Acute illness (poisoning); and/or
Allergic reaction (anaphylaxis)
Loss of consciousness
Convulsions
Sensory impairment (sight, hearing,
etc.)
Non-fatal threats to breathing
Choking, strangulation, suffocation,
asphyxiation, aspiration, or other respiratory
impairment.
Property damage that could
reasonably have been expected to
result in an individual's death or
serious adverse effect on health
(illness, injury)
A consumer product repeatedly sparked, and
the entire house caught fire, and without prompt
evacuation there would have been deaths or serious
adverse effects on health (serious burns).
- 14 12.2. 14(1)(b) Defect or Characteristic
If it is determined that a defect or characteristic may reasonably be expected to result in an
individual's death or in serious adverse effects on their health, including a serious injury, the
CCPSA requires that information be reported to Health Canada and to the person from
whom the consumer product was received.
A defect or characteristic may include a fault, flaw, or irregularity - in any step from
conception, design, manufacturing and packaging to handling and delivery to the customer that causes weakness, failure or inadequacy in form or function that may reasonably be
expected to result in an individual's death or in serious adverse effects on their health.
This may be apparent in the description of the reasons behind consumer complaints and
returns, emerging trends of incidents with the product or through quality assurance
processes or other checks used to identify any health and safety issues with a product.
An injury does not have to have occurred to trigger this reporting requirement. For example,
an incident may involve:
Non-compliance with regulations, certification requirements or standards related
to health and safety;
A manufacturing or production error; and/or,
A flaw in product design or materials used (contents, construction, finish,
packaging).
12.3. 14(1)(c) Incorrect or Insufficient Information
If incorrect or insufficient information on a label or in instructions - or the lack of a label or
instructions - may reasonably be expected to result in an individual's death or in serious
adverse effects on their health, including serious injury, the CCPSA requires that information
be reported to Health Canada and to the person from whom the consumer product was
received.
Incorrect information on a label or in instructions would include information that was not
in accordance with fact, that was erroneous, or was inaccurate.
Insufficient information on a label or in instructions would include information that was
deficient in force, quality or amount or was otherwise inadequate.
For example, where there are:
Inadequate precautionary or warning statements;
Pictures that show or encourage unsafe use contrary to instructions or written
statements; and/or,
Inadequate instructions, in any language, for assembly that could result in the
consumer assembling the product incorrectly and potentially creating a hazard
with the product (for example, inaccurate instructions even in a language other
than an official language of Canada may lead to an incident which must be
reported).
- 15 An injury does not have to have occurred to trigger this requirement.
12.4. 14(1)(d) Recall or Other Measure
The CCPSA requires that information be provided if a recall or measure was initiated for
human health or safety reasons by:
1. A foreign entity (includes foreign corporations as well as foreign governments
and public bodies);
2. A provincial government;
3. A public body that is an establishment under an Act of the legislature of a
province;
4. An aboriginal government as defined in subsection 13(3) of the Access to
Information Act, or
5. An institution of an entity referred to in subparagraphs (ii) to (iv) above.
Upon becoming aware of such a recall or measure initiated by another jurisdiction, the
manufacturer, importer or seller is responsible for reporting to Health Canada and to the
person from whom they received the consumer product.
For example: if the product hazard posed by the consumer product recalled in another
country is due to a feature that was not included in the consumer product in Canada,
information does not have to be provided to Health Canada.
Health Canada's mission is to help the people of Canada maintain and improve their health.
The Consumer Product Safety Directorate deals with reports of alleged violations of the
Canada Consumer Product Safety Act and its regulations and the Cosmetic Regulations made
under the Food and Drugs Act, with regard to consumer products and cosmetics.
Health Canada is also interested in receiving reports of incidents or injury reports related to
consumer products and cosmetics that have been previously recalled (health and safety
related complaints). Incidents or injuries may be about the same hazard or may be about a
different hazard related to the same product.
Consumer Product Incident Report Form
If the incident you are reporting resulted in a serious injury and medical follow-up may be
required, please contact a physician or seek medical attention immediately.
Health Canada's policy is not to disclose personal information, unless the individual to whom
the information relates consents to the disclosure or the disclosure is required or otherwise
authorized by law.
Reports of health and safety incidents involving consumer products and/or cosmetics can be
submitted by telephone, fax, e-mail, or through the form provided above.
Incident Reporting for Other Products
Some consumer incident reports fall outside the mandate of the Consumer Product Safety
Directorate and are regulated by other branches, departments or agencies. If your report is
related to one of the matters below, please contact the appropriate authority:
Drug Products (e.g. painkillers)
Adverse Reaction to a Drug Product
Food -Canadian Food Inspection Agency
Allergen Labelling - Canadian Food Inspection Agency
Packaging - Canadian Food Inspection Agency
Medical Devices (e.g.. pacemaker, hip implants, test kits for diagnosis)
Natural Health Products (e.g. vitamins, herbal remedies, homeopathic medicines)
Pesticides (e.g. insect repellent, lawn treatments)
Unfair Trade Practice - Competition Bureau
Additional Information on Reporting an Incident
What happens when I submit my report?
When received, your incident report will be reviewed to determine if further information is
required and if the Consumer Product Safety Directorate is the appropriate organization to
address your concern. If the report does warrant further consideration, you may be
contacted by the Directorate for more information.
-2If the Directorate is not the appropriate organization to deal with the incident, you will be
directed to the correct organization (including its name and contact). Your report will be
forwarded only with your permission.
Since the Directorate deals with many reported product-related issues, all reports are initially
prioritized according to the health and safety risk. Incidents representing a higher risk will
receive priority attention. Actions taken by Health Canada will be consistent with the
Directorate's compliance and enforcement policies and procedures. The objective is to
achieve compliance using the most appropriate level of intervention. Not all reports will lead
to further action from Health Canada.
What incident information is recommended in the submission of a report?
Information regarding the incident, for example:
Number of victims, and their related injuries (if applicable)
Type of medical treatment sought (home, doctor, hospital)
Was the company notified of the incident? If so, what was the response?
When did the incident occur?
How did the incident occur? (What were the victims doing at the time of the
incident?)
Product brand name/name of manufacturer or importer
Place of purchase (or Web address if purchased on-line)
Place of purchase: why is this information required?
Information regarding the specific store is important if Health Canada is required to contact
or visit the location.
The following information is also helpful:
Manufacturer/Importer address, place where the product was manufactured or
imported from (usually found on the label or packaging of the product).
Product UPC (provide all numbers listed), model number, lot number, serial
number, other unique number, date of manufacture/import.
Age recommendations found on the packaging of the product.
When was the product purchased? (new, borrowed, second-hand)
Do you still have the product?
Frequently Asked Questions for the Canada Consumer Product Safety
Act
General
Definitions
Consultations
Implementation Plan
Orders
Advisory Committees
Mandatory Reporting
Preparing and Maintaining Documents
Regulations
Administrative Monetary Penalties (AMP) Regulations
Exemptions Regulations
Federal/Provincial/Territorial and International Matters
Privacy and Confidential Business Information
Food Packaging
General
Q. Are the number of recalls in Canada expected to increase under the
Canada Consumer Product Safety Act (CCPSA)?
A. The number of recalls in Canada has increased every year for the last several years.
Health Canada expects that the rate of increase will likely remain more or less the same.
Health Canada has a long history of working collaboratively with industry to have unsafe
consumer products removed from the marketplace. It is expected that recalls - when
necessary - would likely continue to be undertaken on a voluntary basis by industry in most
cases.
Q. Where can I find the text of the Canada Consumer Product Safety Act
(CCPSA)?
A. The text of the CCPSA can be found at: http://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/eng/acts/C1.68/index.html
Q. Does my product fall under the Canada Consumer Product Safety Act
(CCPSA)?
A. Under the CCPSA a "consumer product" is defined as a product, including its components,
parts or accessories that may reasonably be expected to be obtained by an individual to be
used for non-commercial purposes, including for domestic, recreational and sports purposes,
and includes its packaging.
Section 4 of the Act outlines the consumer products to which the CCPSA does not apply,
including those listed in Schedule I. These include products that are covered under other
legislation such as food, cosmetics, medical devices, drugs, natural health products, pest
control products, fertilizers and vehicles. Tobacco products are also excluded, except with
respect to their ignition propensity - i.e., their flammability properties.
-2Q. Is Health Canada considering adding certain products to the list of
products to which the Canada Consumer Product Safety Act (CCPSA) does
not apply?
A. Section 4 of the Act outlines the consumer products to which the CCPSA does not apply,
including those listed in Schedule I. These include products that are covered under other
legislation such as food, cosmetics, medical devices, drugs, natural health products, pest
control products, fertilizers and vehicles. Tobacco products are also excluded, except with
respect to their ignition propensity - i.e., their flammability properties.
At this time, Health Canada is not considering adding more consumer products to Schedule I
of the Act.
Definitions
Q. Does the definition of "import" include the importation of consumer
products by an individual for personal use?
A. Yes. Any person who imports a consumer product for personal use would fall under the
definition of "import" and would be required to comply with certain provisions of the Act.
For example, any person who imports, whether for commercial or personal use, must comply
with sections 5 and 6 of the CCPSA. These provisions prohibit any person from importing into
Canada consumer products listed in Schedule 2 of the CCPSA or consumer products that do
not meet the requirements as set out in regulations.
However, there are certain provisions in the Act that apply to the import of consumer
products only when the import is done for commercial purposes. Therefore, provisions such
as those respecting record keeping (section 13) and mandatory incident reporting (section
14) do not apply to individuals importing consumer products for personal use.
Q. Does the Canada Consumer Product Safety Act (CCPSA) apply to
automotive tires?
A. No.Schedule 1 of the Act includes a list of consumer products that are not subject to the
CCPSA. One of the items lists vehicles as defined in section 2 of the Motor Vehicle Safety Act
as well as vehicle parts that are integral to the vehicle, including a vehicle part that replaces
or alters such a part.
Q. Am I required to meet the requirements of the Canada Consumer
Product Safety Act (CCPSA) if I distribute consumer products for
promotional purposes (i.e. free giveaways) or in exchange for loyalty
points?
A. Yes. A person who distributes consumer products for promotional purposes or in exchange
for loyalty points is considered a person who "sells" under the CCPSA. The definition of "sell"
under the Act includes the distribution of a consumer product even when the distribution is
not made for consideration, i.e., when the product is donated or given away at no cost.
Therefore, anyone who distributes consumer products for no cost or in exchange for loyalty
points is required to comply with those provisions of the Act that apply to the sale of
consumer products.
-3In this context it is useful to remember that persons who sell consumer products for
commercial purposes are required to keep certain documents.
Q. The definition of "consumer product" contains terms such as "obtained"
and "non-commercial purposes" which are not defined in the Act. Is Health
Canada going to provide definitions or guidance on these terms?
A. Health Canada is currently developing guidance on the overall definition of "consumer
product" to provide as much clarity as possible.
If you are interested in receiving information updates regarding the Canada Consumer
Product Safety Act, you can subscribe for email updates.
Consultations
Q. Which stakeholders were included in consultations for the Canada
Consumer Product Safety Act (CCPSA)?
A. Health Canada carried out extensive consultations during the development of the Canada
Consumer Product Safety Act (CCPSA) and its implementation. These stakeholders have
included industry representatives, consumer groups, children's organizations, other levels of
government and the general public.
Since the summer of 2010, Health Canada has consulted with the public on the following:
Mandatory Reporting Policy for the Proposed Canada Consumer Product Safety Act
Proposal for the making of Exemptions Regulations respecting
Consumer Products Non-Compliant with Requirements in Regulations
Proposal for the Making of Administrative Monetary Penalties (AMP) Regulations under
the proposed Canada Consumer Product Safety Act
Preparing and Maintaining Documents under the Canada Consumer Product Safety
Act
Mandatory Incident Reporting under the Canada Consumer Product Safety Act
The department continues to work closely with stakeholders to ensure a smooth transition to
the new legislation. More consultations are planned in 2011 on regulatory proposals for the
making of Exemptions Regulations and on the making of Administrative Monetary Penalties
(AMP) Regulations.
If you are interested in participating in future consultations or in receiving information
updates regarding the CCPSA, you can subscribe for email updates.
Implementation Plan
Q. What about the reporting burden placed on small business? Has Health
Canada considered how they are going to deal with all the procedures
involved?
A. Health Canada has consulted broadly with stakeholders, including small businesses in
order that concerns such as those associated with new reporting requirements were taken
-4into consideration during the development of the Canada Consumer Product Safety Act
(CCPSA) and its subsequent implementation.
The department has also developed guidance and tools to help support industry's ability to
comply with the Act. For example, Health Canada has developed a web-based incident
reporting form for use when submitting incident reports as required under section 14. The
department has also developed guidance documents for industry on mandatory reporting and
record keeping provisions of the CCPSA. In addition, every effort has been made to align
requirements under the Act with existing legislative requirements for business.
For example, under section 13 persons must keep certain documents for six years after the
end of the year to which they relate. This timeframe aligns with standard record keeping
requirements for business as part of their normal book keeping practices (i.e., documents for
GST requirements or income tax purposes).
Q. Is industry required to establish new processes - such as an
international surveillance system to track recalls - to ensure compliance
with the new Act?
A. The Canada Consumer Product Safety Act does not mandate companies to establish formal
new surveillance systems. However, it is recommended that industry have, as part of good
business practices, the necessary mechanisms to ensure that they are able to gather
knowledge of their products in the marketplace.
Q. Will Health Canada be offering industry training on the new Act?
A. Yes. Health Canada provided a series of public information and education sessions across
Canada in the weeks leading up to the coming into force of the Act. As part of its ongoing
outreach efforts, Health Canada will also use a variety of tools such as webinars, videos and
FAQs to maintain and further develop relationships with industry and other stakeholders.
Q. Will Health Canada take a phased approach to enforcing the Canada
Consumer Product Safety Act (CCPSA) once it comes into force, to allow for
industry to become accustomed to the new requirements?
A. All provisions of the CCPSA will be in effect when the Act comes into force on June 20,
2011. At the time of coming into force, industry is expected to comply with all provisions of
the Act and its regulations. The administrative monetary penalties can only be issued once
the related regulations are made, which is expected to be later in 2011.
Health Canada will take a balanced, risk-based approach to compliance and enforcement to
address safety in the marketplace. The department's focus will remain on the highest risk
activities to maximize the use of resources.
Generally, Health Canada will continue to work with industry to resolve incidents of noncompliance through effective voluntary actions prior to using stronger compliance and
enforcement measures.
Q. Will the Consumer Product Safety Directorate/Health Canada be
expanding its staff to deal with the new requirements under the Act?
-5A. The Canada Consumer Product Safety Act (CCPSA) is one element of the Government's
Food and Consumer Safety Action Plan (FCSAP). This plan was introduced to help raise the
level of food and consumer product safety in Canada by modernizing our safety regime.
Activities under the plan include strengthening laws and regulations, improving industry
oversight, responding more quickly to risks, and providing better product information to
Canadians.
Through this priority initiative, funding has been provided for all elements of CCPSA
implementation including additional resources for standards development, outreach, and
hiring additional inspectors.
Under the FCSAP, resources are allocated every year as part of the annual planning cycle and
reviewed with the responsible Ministers. Currently, Health Canada's Consumer Product Safety
Directorate is resourced to staff approximately 90 inspectors.
Q. Will there be a transition period for the implementation of the Canada
Consumer Product Safety Act (CCPSA) and regulations, and if so, how long
will it be?
A. The CCPSA received Royal Assent on December 15, 2010. Its provisions came into effect
on June 20, 2011. Now that the Act is in force, industry is expected to comply with all
provisions of the CCPSA.
To make the transition from the Hazardous Products Act (HPA) to the new legislation as
smooth as possible, the Government is actively communicating with industry to inform them
of their new obligations and requirements under the Act. In addition, industry must continue
to comply with existing regulations that were developed under Part I of the HPA, which have
been transferred to the CCPSA.
As with other aspects of the administration of the Act, as Health Canada implements the new
CCPSA, the Department will focus its compliance promotion and enforcement resources on
areas where they will be most effective in addressing or preventing dangers to the health and
safety of Canadians.
Health Canada is preparing regulatory proposals for Administrative Monetary Penalties (AMP)
Regulations and Exemptions Regulations respecting Consumer Products Non-Compliant with
Requirements in Regulations and Preparing and Maintaining Documents, which will proceed
through the established regulatory process. In the interim, the department will be guided by
the approach presented in the consultation proposals of Fall 2010.
Orders
Q. Does the review of orders process apply to all types of orders that could
be issued under the Canada Consumer Product Safety Act (CCPSA)?
A. No. Only orders made under sections 31 or 32 of the CCPSA are eligible for review. These
include orders for recall and orders to take measures (i.e. stopping the manufacturing,
importation, packaging, storing, advertising, selling, labelling, testing, or transportation of
the consumer product, or any other measure the Minister considers necessary to remedy
non-compliance).
Q. Who can request the review of an order and how is this done?
-6A. The person who is subject to an order can request a review. In addition, a review officer
can independently initiate the review of an order. Section 35 of the CCPSA outlines the
process for requesting a review, including:
The request must be provided to the Minister in writing within 7 days after
the day on which the order was provided unless the order specifies another
time period; and
The written request must state the grounds for review, set out the evidence
that supports those grounds and specify the decision that is sought.
Subsection 35(3) of the CCPSA states that a review is not to be done if the request does not
comply with the requirements specified in subsection 35(2) or if the request is frivolous,
vexatious, or not in good faith.
The review officer has 30 days after the day on which the request is provided to the
Minister to complete the review. The review officer may extend this period by up to an
additional 30 days and may do so more than once. The requester must be notified in writing
of any extension and of the reason for the extension.
The requestor will be notified in writing of the reasons for the review officer's decision on the
outcome of the review. Note that the order continues to apply during the review period
unless the review officer decides otherwise.
Q. On what grounds can the review of an order be requested?
A. An order may only be reviewed on grounds that involve questions of fact alone or
questions of mixed law and fact. An example would be if you become aware of new or
additional evidence that may affect the context under which the order was issued.
Note that subsection 35(3) of the Canada Consumer Product Safety Act states that a review
is not to be done if the request does not comply with the requirements specified in
subsection 35(2) or if the request is frivolous, vexatious, or not in good faith.
Q. What does it mean in practice for the Minister to have the authority to
order a recall?
A. Under subsection 31(1) of the CCPSA the Minister has the authority to order a recall if he
or she "believes on reasonable grounds that a consumer product is a danger to human health
or safety". As is the case with many ministerial authorities, an appropriate departmental
official may be designated to exercise this authority.
An order for recall must be issued in writing and must include a statement of the reasons for
the recall and the time and manner in which the recall is to be carried out.
Health Canada will continue to work with industry to resolve incidents of non-compliance
through effective voluntary actions prior to using stronger compliance and enforcement
measures. It is expected that recalls - when necessary - would likely continue to be
undertaken on a voluntary basis by industry.
Advisory Committees
-7Q. How will advisory committees work? Is there a timeline for inviting
members to participate?
A. Section 67 of the Canada Consumer Product Safety Act states that the Minister shall
establish a committee to provide him or her with advice on matters in connection with the
administration of the Act, including the labelling of consumer products. The advice provided
to the Minister will be made public. The Minister may strike one or more committees to
provide him or her with advice on any issue related to the administration of the Act at any
point after the Act comes into force.
Mandatory Reporting
Health Canada has developed industry guidance to provide information regarding the
mandatory incident reporting requirements under section 14 of the Canada Consumer
Product Safety Act (CCPSA). Refer to the Health Canada website for information regarding
this guidance. You are also able to subscribe for email updates on the CCPSA so that you can
keep informed of developments as they arise.
Q. Subsection 14(2) of the Canada Consumer Product Safety Act (CCPSA)
requires that sellers, manufacturers or importers of a product report to the
Minister any information regarding any incident related to their product
within two days. What does "relate" mean with respect to the
determination of an incident?
A. When evaluating an event, the CCPSA requires a person to determine if the product
involved (including its components, parts or accessories and its packaging) is related to a
consumer product that they manufacture, import or sell in Canada for commercial purposes.
The event need not directly involve the same consumer product that is exactly identical to
the product the person manufactures, imports or sells in Canada. This may be the case, for
instance, if the consumer product the person supplies shares a component, accessory or part
with the product involved in the incident.
An additional consideration for the aspect of "relate" requires a person to determine if the
consumer product is connected with the event.
Q.When making a determination of whether there is a reportable incident,
one of the considerations pertains to "normal or foreseeable use". What are
the factors that should be taken into account when assessing normal or
foreseeable use?
A. In assessing whether an "incident" has occurred under paragraphs 14(1)(a) to (c)
consideration may be given to whether it indicates an unreasonable hazard posed by the
normal or foreseeable use of the product, including the foreseeable misuse of the product.
Experience and judgment need to guide whether the consumer product involved in a
suspected incident was being used as it was originally intended to be used or in a manner
that was foreseeable but unintended.
What constitutes normal or foreseeable use or foreseeable misuse of a consumer product will
depend on factors such as the particular product involved, the circumstances surrounding the
event and the totality of information available to the supplier.
-8Q.How should an unreasonable hazard be considered in the determination
of an incident?
A. The requirement in the definition of "danger to human health or safety" that hazards be
"unreasonable" takes into account the fact that some consumer products (e.g. chain saws,
power tools, and kitchen knives) may by their very nature be hazardous in normal use, but
those hazards are commonly accepted in order to have the benefit of the product. Such
hazards would not be "unreasonable hazards" and would thereby not be captured by the
general prohibition of the CCPSA (sections 7 and 8).
On the other hand, hazards that are not commonly expected and accepted in these
circumstances may constitute an "unreasonable hazard".
The determination of whether a hazard is "unreasonable" will involve the use of standard risk
assessment principles. Several factors must be taken into account, including:
The
The
The
The
The
overall utility of the product;
utility of the aspect of the product that may pose a hazard;
nature and severity of the hazard posed by the product;
likelihood of the hazard materializing; and
availability of a safer design.
Q. What happens with the information received through the section 14
reporting requirements?
A. The information generated as a result of mandatory reporting will help inform a broad
range of Health Canada's activities in the realm of consumer product safety. By requiring that
incidents be reported to Health Canada and up the supply chain, Health Canada can monitor
responses to dangers posed by consumer products. The information received may in some
instances help inform the requirement for corrective actions or it may more generally
contribute to an understanding of trends and in turn be the basis for communications with
the public. For example, Health Canada may use the information to identify areas in which it
would be of benefit to promote the safe use of consumer products to Canadians.
While the information received through mandatory reporting can be used in many ways to
help protect the health and safety of Canadians, not every report will result in a follow-up
action on the part of Health Canada.
Q. What is the definition of "day" for the purposes of submitting an incident
report?
A. Where a report is to be submitted within a number of days after the day on which a
person becomes aware of the incident, the day on which a person becomes aware of an
incident is not included (see Interpretation Act at subsection 27(5)).
As per the Interpretation Act, where the due date for providing information to Health Canada
falls on a holiday (which includes a Sunday), the provision of information is due on the next
day that is not a holiday. "Holiday" is defined in subsection 35(1) of the Interpretation Act to
include a "Sunday" and other identified holidays.
Q. How do mandatory reporting requirements under the Canada Consumer
Product Safety Act (CCPSA) compare to requirements in other jurisdictions?
-9A. Canada recognizes that aligning reporting requirements across jurisdictions reduces the
regulatory impact on industry. That is why Health Canada has taken into account the product
safety regimes developed by its principal trading partners, specifically the United States and
the European Union, to establish a strengthened and more effective product safety regime
for Canadians.
Information gathered through mandatory reporting can be used to support early detection of
dangers posed by consumer products, and allows for proactive and efficient means for
responding to those dangers. Some of the key elements of Canada's mandatory requirements
align with its major trading partners. For example, similar to the United States,section 14 of
the Act requires the manufacturer, importer or seller to provide an initial notification once
they become aware of an incident, and requires the higher level of trade to provide a follow
up report with subsequent information and mitigation measures.
While mandatory reporting requirements in Canada share a common purpose with other
jurisdictions, which is to gather information on how consumer products are being used with
respect to human health and safety, the approach to mandatory reporting may differ in each
jurisdiction.
Q. What is Mandatory Reporting?
A. Section 14 of the Canada Consumer Product Safety Act (CCPSA) requires that persons
who manufacture, import or sell a consumer product for commercial purposes in Canada
report incidents related to their products to Health Canada and, if applicable, to the person
from whom they received the product. Manufacturers and importers must also provide more
detailed information on the incident to Health Canada, including information about any
measures they propose be taken with respect to those products.
Q. How do I determine what is considered as a reportable incident?
A. Companies must undertake an evaluation to determine if a possible incident meets the
requirements to report to Health Canada.
The following questions can assist in the determination of whether an event is a reportable
incident:
1. Does the event relate to a consumer product that I sell, manufacture or import in
Canada for commercial purposes (including its components, parts or accessories
or packaging)?
2. Does it meet the criteria of an incident in either one of paragraphs 14(1) (a)
through (d)?
3. Does it indicate an unreasonable hazard posed by the normal or foreseeable use
of the product or the foreseeable misuse of the product?
Health Canada has developed industry guidance to provide information regarding the
mandatory incident reporting requirements. This includes guidance on determining what
constitutes a reportable incident.
Q. When do I need to provide information to Health Canada?
A. The timelines for providing information are set out in the Canada Consumer Product Safety
Act (CCPSA). Once you have information from which one may reasonably conclude that a
reportable incident has occurred, you are considered to be "aware" of an incident. You must
- 10 report to Health Canada and, if applicable, to the person from whom you received the
product within two days after the day you become aware of the incident. Manufacturers and
importers also have additional reporting requirements.
For further information, Health Canada has developed industry guidance to provide
information regarding the mandatory incident reporting requirements. This includes guidance
on determining when to provide information to Health Canada.
Q. How do I report an incident?
A. Health Canada has developed web-based incident report forms for industry and for
consumers, which can be submitted directly online. These incident report forms are currently
available on Health Canada's Web site.
Q. Will the Canada Consumer Product Safety Act (CCPSA) Mandatory
Reporting requirements be retroactive? For example, at the time that the
Act comes into force on June 20th, 2011, will manufacturers, importers and
retailers be required to report incidents that happened prior to that date?
A. No. You are not required to report any incidents that you became aware of prior to the
coming into force date of the Canada Consumer Product Safety Act on June 20, 2011.
Q. If a product falls under the purview of both the Canada Consumer
Product Safety Act (CCPSA) and another statute, such as a provincial one,
will Health Canada be the primary reporting body that will distribute the
incident report information to the other regulatory body?
A. No. Health Canada will not serve as a single window for other reporting bodies and their
regulatory requirements.
A report to Health Canada does not constitute a report to any other jurisdiction. Not
providing information to the other jurisdiction may be deemed a failure to report to that
other jurisdiction.
Q. Does a recall undertaken in another country need to be reported in
Canada as well?
A. Paragraph 14(1)(d) of the Canada Consumer Product Safety Act (CCPSA) includes a recall
initiated by a foreign jurisdiction for human health or safety reasons as an incident. A recall
in a foreign jurisdiction is one of the considerations that must be taken into account when
determining whether an event meets the criteria for a reportable incident. Under subsection
14(2), once a person who manufactures, imports or sells a consumer product for commercial
purposes in Canada becomes aware of an incident related to the product, they are
responsible for reporting to Health Canada and, if applicable, to the person from whom they
received the product.
Health Canada has developed industry guidance to provide information regarding the record
keeping requirements under section 13 of the Canada Consumer Product Safety Act (CCPSA).
You may wish to subscribe for email updates on the CCPSA so that you can keep informed of
developments as they arise.
- 11 Q. As a retailer operating nationwide, do I have the option to maintain all
records in one location at the corporate head office?
A. Section 13 of the Canada Consumer Product Safety Act (CCPSA) requires any person who
imports, manufactures, sells, tests or advertises a consumer product for commercial
purposes to prepare and maintain documents. This is important for the purposes of
implementing product safety measures such as product recalls and providing documents to
Health Canada inspectors upon request.
Subsection 13(3) requires that documents be kept at the person's place of business in
Canada, or at any prescribed place. Anyone who is required under the CCPSA to prepare and
maintain documents has the discretion to determine the business location where it makes
sense to keep those records. Whether records are stored at the corporate head office location
or at the location of each individual retailer, it is important that the person be able to provide
documents to Health Canada upon request and that those records can be used to put in place
corrective measures.
Q. The Canada Consumer Product Safety Act (CCPSA) has provisions
requiring industry to prepare and maintain documents. What is meant by
"the prescribed documents" in section 13(1)(b) of the Act?
A. The reference to "prescribed documents" in paragraph 13(1)(b) refers to regulations under
the CCPSA that have record keeping requirements separate from those required under
paragraph 13(1)(a) of the Act. A list of such regulations is available in Appendix A of the
Guidance on Preparing and Maintaining Documents under the CCPSA. For example, the
Consumer Chemicals and Containers Regulations, 2001 (CCCR, 2001) require manufacturers
and importers to keep records with respect to specifications regarding child-resistant
characteristics of the container.
Q. Does the requirement to keep records at my "place of business in
Canada" mean that all documents must be physically located in Canada (ie:
servers)?
A. The intent of section 13 of the Act is to ensure the traceability of consumer products
throughout the supply chain in the event that a danger must be addressed. Under these
circumstances it is important for these documents to be readily available to Health Canada
officials and for industry to make timely mandatory reports, put in place effective product
recalls, and produce documents as part of routine inspections.
Whether records are stored in paper or electronic format, it is expected that all records will
be physically located at your place of business in Canada. For example, if you have a server
that stores electronic files which is located outside of Canada, those files must be easily and
readily accessible on a computer terminal in Canada. In cases where it is not possible to
maintain records in Canada in this way, you must apply for an exemption from this
requirement.
Q. How do I get an exemption from keeping records in Canada?
A. The legislation allows for persons to request an exemption from the requirement to keep
records in Canada. In cases where the Minister of Health considers it unnecessary or
impractical for records to be kept at a place of business in Canada, persons may be granted
an exemption.
- 12 Any person seeking an exemption from this requirement should speak directly with a Health
Canada inspector in their region.
Q. Section 13 of the Act allows persons to request an exemption from the
requirement to keep records in Canada. Under what circumstances might
the Minister consider it "unnecessary or impractical" for a company to keep
records in Canada?
A. The purpose of the requirement to prepare and maintain documents is to help improve the
traceability of consumer products in the event that a danger must be addressed. In the case
where a person cannot meet the requirement to keep records in Canada, a request for an
exemption may be made to the Minister. Requests will be reviewed on a case-by-case basis
to determine whether the circumstances meet the "unnecessary or impractical" threshold.
The review will take into account several factors including the ability of the requestor to
provide documents to Health Canada within a reasonable timeframe.
Q. Do I need to keep copies of my records electronically?
A. Documents may be kept in any format - electronic or paper - as long as those documents
can be accessed in a timely manner, and they are legible.
For the purposes of submitting records to Health Canada it is recommended that records be
maintained and provided in a compiled format, such as a spreadsheet.
It is expected that all documents provided to Health Canada will clearly identify the required
information, are legible, and are provided in French or English.
Q. How quickly do I need to produce records for Health Canada inspectors?
A. Persons who are required to prepare and maintain documents under the Canada
Consumer Product Safety Act (CCPSA) should be prepared to produce records upon request,
or within the time period as set out in the CCPSA or regulations. A list of such regulations is
available in Appendix A of the Guidance on Preparing and Maintaining Documents under the
CCPSA.
For example, the time period prescribed in the Consumer Chemicals and Containers
Regulations (CCCR) requires that persons responsible for a chemical product required to be
packaged in a child-resistant container must provide documents within 15 days after receipt
of a request from an inspector.
As with other aspects of the administration of the Act, a balanced, risk-based approach to
compliance and enforcement can be expected to address safety in the marketplace while
allowing for the free flow of goods in a post-market regime.
Q. Is Health Canada planning to require traceability of components of
consumer products?
A. The requirement to prepare and maintain documents under Section 13 of the CCPSA is
intended to facilitate traceability of products along the supply chain and will apply to
consumer products as defined in the Act. The definition includes components, parts and
accessories of consumer products.
- 13 Regulations
Q. To what extent will the Consumer Chemicals and Containers Regulations
be affected under the Canada Consumer Product Safety Act (CCPSA)?
A. The Consumer Chemicals and Containers Regulations, 2001 (CCCR, 2001) did not change
once they were transferred to the CCPSA.
Regulations made under Part I of the Hazardous Products Act (HPA) were transferred to the
CCPSA at the time of coming into force of the Act on June 20, 2011. Due to the differences in
how the CCPSA and HPA are structured, the direct transfer of certain Regulations would have
resulted in regulatory gaps. In order to maintain the same requirements respecting chemical
products and containers, the CCCR, 2001 was amended to replace the authorization sections
(e.g., 2, 45 and 53) and re-introduce the prohibition of very toxic products (section 38).
For more information about this regulatory transfer, please see the Regulations Amending
the Consumer Chemicals and Containers Regulations, 2001.
Q. When can we expect to see new regulations under the Canada Consumer
Product Safety Act (CCPSA)?
A. The CCPSA includes provisions for a wide range of regulation-making authorities. Health
Canada is planning to make regulations in two areas. Preliminary regulatory consultations for
the making of Administrative Monetary Penalties (AMP) Regulations and Exemptions
Regulations under the CCPSA concluded in the fall of 2010. Further opportunity to provide
comments on these proposed regulations will be provided as part of the regulatory
development process.
Existing regulations that were developed under Part I of the Hazardous Products Act were
transferred to the CCPSA at the time of coming into force of the Act on June 20, 2011. For
more information about this regulatory transfer, please go to section two of the document
found at: http://gazette.gc.ca/rp-pr/p2/2011/2011-02-16/html/sor-dors14-eng.html.
Updates to the status of these regulations will be posted to the Health Canada website. You
can subscribe for email updates on the CCPSA to stay informed of developments as they
arise.
Q. What is the Government of Canada's process for developing regulations?
A. For more information regarding the regulatory development process, please reference the
Cabinet Directive on Streamlining Regulations. Government officials are responsible for
abiding by the Directive at all stages of the regulatory lifecycle-development,
implementation, evaluation and review. This includes the requirement to identify interested
and affected parties, and to provide them with opportunities to take part in open,
meaningful, and balanced consultations at all stages of the regulatory process.
Administrative Monetary Penalties (AMP) Regulations
Q. When will the regulations for Administrative Monetary Penalties be
developed?
- 14 A. Preliminary regulatory consultations for the making of Administrative Monetary Penalties
(AMP) Regulations under the CCPSA concluded in the fall of 2010. The department is
proceeding through the established regulatory process.
Updates on the status of these regulations will be posted to the Health Canada website. You
arise.
Exemptions Regulations
Q. Will certain organizations be exempt from the Canada Consumer Product
Safety Act (CCPSA)?
A. Health Canada is developing regulatory proposals to exempt consumer products, classes
of consumer products or classes of persons from certain provisions of the Canada Consumer
Product Safety Act (CCPSA) relating to non-compliant consumer products and to preparing
and maintaining documents. Preliminary consultations for the making of Exemptions
Regulations under the Act concluded in the fall of 2010. The department is proceeding
through the established regulatory process.
In the meantime, as Health Canada implements the new CCPSA, the Department will focus
its compliance promotion and enforcement resources on areas where they will be most
effective in addressing or preventing dangers to the health and safety of Canadians.
Updates to the status of these regulations will be posted to the Health Canada website. You
arise.
Federal/Provincial/Territorial and International Matters
Q. Is Canada considering introducing a public database, much like the one
recently launched by the United States Consumer Product Safety
Commission (CPSC)?
No. Health Canada is not considering introducing a public database of consumer complaints
at this time.
Q. Will the CCPSA include electronics, which are regulated by the Electrical
Safety Authority (ESA) in Ontario?
A. Yes. Electrical products fall within the scope of the CCPSA insofar as they meet the
definition of "consumer product" in the Act and the consumer product in question is not
excluded.
The Electrical Safety Authority is responsible for public electrical safety in Ontario and will
continue to receive incident reports and issue recalls on consumer products relating to their
mandate.
Work is being undertaken to determine whether and how any duplicate reporting
requirements may be addressed. However, at this time persons are required to report to
both Health Canada and to the ESA as required under the respective legislation.
- 15 Q. Under the new Canada Consumer Product Safety Act (CCPSA) will I be
required to continue reporting to the Electrical Safety Authority (ESA) in
Ontario in addition to reporting directly to Health Canada?
A. A report to Health Canada does not constitute a report to any other jurisdiction. Not
providing information to the other jurisdiction may be deemed a failure to report to that
other jurisdiction. Similarly, incident reports required under the CCPSA must be provided to
the Minister of Health.
Work is being undertaken to determine whether and how any duplicate reporting
requirements may be addressed. However, at this time persons are required to report to
both Health Canada and to the ESA as required under the respective legislation.
Q. With new requirements introduced in the United States what are the
implications for Canadian businesses selling to the USA (and within
Canada)?
A. The Canada Consumer Product Safety Act (CCPSA) applies to those who manufacture,
import, advertise, sell, test, package or label consumer products in Canada. For more
information on requirements for conducting business in the USA, please refer to the United
States Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC).
Privacy and Confidential Business Information
Q. What safeguards are in place to protect Confidential Business
Information submitted to Health Canada?
A. The Privacy Act and section 15 of the Canada Consumer Product Safety Act (CCPSA)
govern the collection, use and disclosure of personal information; sections 16 and 17 of the
CCPSA govern the disclosure of Confidential Business Information (CBI) and the Access to
Information Act (ATIA) applies to the disclosure of CBI if a request for access to the
information is made.
Confidential business information submitted to Health Canada under the CCPSA will be
subject to the confidentiality requirements under sections 16 and 17 of the Act. However, it
is important to note that the Minister may disclose information under certain circumstances.
If a person who manufacturers, imports or sells a consumer product in Canada believes that
information provided to Health Canada falls within the definition of CBI under the CCPSA,
then they can indicate this to Health Canada at the time they provide the information.
To be considered CBI under the CCPSA, information respecting a person's business or affairs
must meet all of the following criteria:
It is not publicly available;
It is information in respect to which the person has taken measures that are
reasonable in the circumstances to ensure that it remains not publicly available;
and
It has actual or potential economic value to the person or their competitors
because it is not publicly available and its disclosure would result in a material
financial loss to the person or a material financial gain to their competitors.
- 16 Sections 16 and 17 of the CCPSA provide authority for the Minister to disclose CBI in specific
circumstances. Under section 16, the Minister may disclose CBI in relation to a consumer
product without the consent of, or notice to, the person whose business or affairs the
information relates if (a) the disclosure is made to a person or government that carries out
functions relating to the protection of human health or safety or the environment; and (b)
the person or government to whom the information is to be provided agrees in writing to
maintain its confidentiality and to use it only for the purpose of carrying out functions
relating to the protection of human health or safety or the environment.
Under section 17, the Minister may disclose CBI in relation to a consumer product without
the consent of the person to whose business or affairs the information relates and without
notifying that person beforehand, if the consumer product is a serious and imminent danger
to human health or safety or the environment if the disclosure of the information is essential
to address the danger. Subsection 17(2) requires that notification of the disclosure be
provided to the person to whose business or affairs the information relates no later than the
next business day following the disclosure.
The Access to Information Act (ATIA) allows Canadians access to federal government
records. Such records may be made available through the ATIA only in response to an access
request. While provisions of the Act specify what can be disclosed or exempt from disclosure,
exceptions to this right of access are to be limited and specific.
If a request is made under the ATIA, information will be dealt with in accordance with the
Act, including in section 20 which addresses third party information.
Q. What if my records contain Personal Information?
A. The Privacy Act governs the collection, use and disclosure of all personal information
under the control of a government institution, such as Health Canada. In addition, under
section15 of the CCPSA the Minister of Health may disclose personal information only if the
disclosure of that information is necessary to identify or address a serious danger to human
health or safety. However, this provision does not affect the provisions of the Privacy Act. It
is, in fact, an additional safeguard to the protections that currently exist for the disclosure of
personal information under the Privacy Act.
Any disclosure without the consent of the individual to whom the information relates must be
done in accordance with section 8 of the Privacy Act.
In particular, paragraph 8(2)(b) states that personal information under the control of a
government institution may be disclosed "for any purpose in accordance with any Act of
Parliament or any regulation made there under that authorizes its disclosure."
Subsection 15(1) of the CCPSA, provides the Minister with the authority to disclose personal
information without the consent of the individual to whom the information relates if the
disclosure of such information:
is to a person or government that carries out functions relating to the protection of
human health or safety; and
is necessary to identify or address a serious danger to human health or safety.
The ability to disclose personal information in those rare and serious circumstances helps
enable rapid response to serious dangers to human health or safety.
- 17 Food Packaging
Q. Do the requirements under section 14 of the CCPSA apply to food contact
material and other food packaging?
A. In some cases. The definition of "consumer product" in the CCPSA includes the packaging
of a consumer product. "Food" within the meaning of section 2 of the Food and Drugs Act
(FDA) is excluded from the CCPSA. The FDA definition does not refer to food packaging. Food
packaging may therefore be subject to the provisions of the CCPSA and its regulations.
There are different ways in which food packaging can pose a risk to human health or safety.
It could fail to adequately protect the food from its environment or leach substances into the
contained food products. There could also be a health or safety risk posed directly by the
packaging, rather than through the effects of the package on the food, for example if the
packaging caused lacerations when handling it due to defects or sharp parts.
The FDA generally (but not exclusively) regulates the packaging of food insofar as it impacts
or addresses the food contained therein. The Canadian Food Inspection Agency (CFIA)
administers various Acts and regulations that pertain to food packaging.
Events respecting a risk to the health and safety of the user posed directly by the package
itself (e.g. a laceration hazard from handling the package), must be reported to Health
Canada pursuant to section 14 of the CCPSA if they meet the criteria in that section. Events
respecting injury or potential injury via the manner in which packaging affects the food
should be referred to the CFIA. Note that there may be circumstances in which an event
reported pursuant to section 14 of the CCPSA should also be reported to the CFIA.
Health Canada will work to help those who manufacture and supply materials such as food
packaging materials understand the new legislation and how the requirements may affect
them.
Q. Does the CCPSA apply to other retail products intended for use with
food? Examples of such products include plastic or glass food containers or
bottles, zip-top or other style plastic baggies, cling film, aluminium foil,
dishes or cutlery (including single-use), etc.?
A. Generally, yes. Items that are sold to consumers without food but which are intended to
be used to store or eat food, are generally considered consumer products to which the
CCPSA applies. A person who manufactures, imports, or sells consumer products of this
nature for commercial purposes must report any incidents that may be related to their
products (including their components, parts, accessories, or packaging) to Health Canada as
required under section 14 of the CCPSA. For more details on incident reporting, consult
Information regarding the "incident" from the document Guidance on Mandatory Incident
Reporting under the Canada Consumer Product Safety Act - Section 14 Duties in the Event of
an Incident.
CANADA
CONSOLIDATION
CODIFICATION
Canada Consumer
Product Safety Act
Loi canadienne sur la
sécurité des produits de
consommation
S.C. 2010, c. 21
L.C. 2010, ch. 21
Current to August 29, 2011
À jour au 29 août 2011
Last amended on June 20, 2011
Dernière modification le 20 juin 2011
Published by the Minister of Justice at the following address:
http://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca
Publié par le ministre de la Justice à l’adresse suivante :
http://lois-laws.justice.gc.ca
OFFICIAL STATUS
OF CONSOLIDATIONS
CARACTÈRE OFFICIEL
DES CODIFICATIONS
Subsections 31(1) and (2) of the Legislation
Revision and Consolidation Act, in force on
June 1, 2009, provide as follows:
Les paragraphes 31(1) et (2) de la Loi sur la
révision et la codification des textes législatifs,
en vigueur le 1er juin 2009, prévoient ce qui
suit :
Published
consolidation is
evidence
31. (1) Every copy of a consolidated statute or
consolidated regulation published by the Minister
under this Act in either print or electronic form is evidence of that statute or regulation and of its contents
and every copy purporting to be published by the
Minister is deemed to be so published, unless the
contrary is shown.
31. (1) Tout exemplaire d'une loi codifiée ou d'un
règlement codifié, publié par le ministre en vertu de
la présente loi sur support papier ou sur support électronique, fait foi de cette loi ou de ce règlement et de
son contenu. Tout exemplaire donné comme publié
par le ministre est réputé avoir été ainsi publié, sauf
preuve contraire.
Codifications
comme élément
de preuve
Inconsistencies
in Acts
(2) In the event of an inconsistency between a
consolidated statute published by the Minister under
this Act and the original statute or a subsequent
amendment as certified by the Clerk of the Parliaments under the Publication of Statutes Act, the original statute or amendment prevails to the extent of
the inconsistency.
(2) Les dispositions de la loi d'origine avec ses
modifications subséquentes par le greffier des Parlements en vertu de la Loi sur la publication des lois
l'emportent sur les dispositions incompatibles de la
loi codifiée publiée par le ministre en vertu de la présente loi.
Incompatibilité
— lois
NOTE
NOTE
This consolidation is current to August 29, 2011.
The last amendments came into force on
June 20, 2011. Any amendments that were not in
force as of August 29, 2011 are set out at the end of
this document under the heading “Amendments Not
in Force”.
Cette codification est à jour au 29 août 2011. Les
dernières modifications sont entrées en vigueur
le 20 juin 2011. Toutes modifications qui n'étaient
pas en vigueur au 29 août 2011 sont énoncées à la
fin de ce document sous le titre « Modifications non
en vigueur ».
TABLE OF PROVISIONS
Section
TABLEAU ANALYTIQUE
Page
Article
An Act respecting the safety of consumer
products
SHORT TITLE
1
Short title
2
Definitions
Purpose
Consumer products
PROHIBITIONS
5
6
TITRE ABRÉGÉ
1
2
3
4
4
5
5
5
5
7
8
9
10
11
Misleading claims — advertise or sell
False or misleading information
6
6
10
11
PREPARING AND MAINTAINING
DOCUMENTS
13
Requirement
DUTIES IN THE EVENT OF AN
INCIDENT
14
15
16
17
18
Produits de consommation
INTERDICTIONS
5
6
6
6
12
4
4
4
7
8
9
Tests, studies and information
Objet
CHAMP D’APPLICATION
4
2
2
OBJET DE LA LOI
4
12
Définitions
4
2
2
DÉFINITIONS
Consumer products in Schedule 2
Products that do not meet regulatory
requirements
Manufacturer and importer
Advertising and selling
Misleading claims — package or label
TESTS, STUDIES AND
COMPILATION OF INFORMATION
Titre abrégé
2
4
APPLICATION
4
2
2
PURPOSE
3
Loi concernant la sécurité des produits de
consommation
2
INTERPRETATION
Page
4
4
4
Produits figurant à l’annexe 2
Produits non conformes aux exigences
réglementaires
Fabricant et importateur
Vente et publicité
Fausse déclaration — étiquetage et
emballage
Fausse déclaration — vente et publicité
Renseignements faux ou trompeurs
5
6
6
ESSAIS, ÉTUDES ET COMPILATION
DE RENSEIGNEMENTS
6
Essais, études et renseignements
6
TENUE DE DOCUMENTS
4
5
5
5
6
6
6
13
Obligation
6
OBLIGATIONS EN CAS D’INCIDENT
7
Définition de incident
7
7
Definition of incident
7
DISCLOSURE OF INFORMATION BY
THE MINISTER
8
Personal information
Confidential business information —
agreement
Confidential business information —
serious and imminent danger
8
For greater certainty
9
14
COMMUNICATION DE
RENSEIGNEMENTS PAR LE
MINISTRE
15
16
9
17
9
18
3
Renseignements personnels
Renseignements commerciaux
confidentiels — entente
Renseignements commerciaux
confidentiels — danger grave et
imminent
Précision
8
8
9
9
9
Consumer Product Safety — August 29, 2011
Section
Page
INSPECTORS
19
20
Number of inspectors
Obstruction and false statements
INSPECTION
21
22
Authority to enter place
Warrant or consent required to enter
dwelling-house
PROCEDURES FOLLOWING
SEIZURE
23
24
25
26
27
28
Interference
Storage of things seized
Release of things seized
Forfeiture — thing unclaimed
Forfeiture — conviction for offence
Forfeiture — on consent
ANALYSIS
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
Analysts
Analysis and examination
36
39
12
12
12
12
12
13
13
23
24
25
26
27
28
13
13
Review officer
Request for review
15
15
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
Offence
Offences by corporate officers, etc.
Offences by employees, agents or
mandataries
13
Analystes
Analyse et examen
Rappel
Prise de mesures
Rappel ou prise de mesures par le
ministre
13
14
15
15
Réviseurs
Demande de révision
15
15
Pouvoir du tribunal
16
16
17
Pouvoir du gouverneur en conseil
Dépôt des projets de règlement
17
19
39
Exceptions
20
40
21
Pouvoirs réglementaires
INFRACTIONS
41
42
43
4
13
RÉVISION DES ORDRES DE RAPPEL
ET DE PRISE DE MESURES
ARRÊTÉS D’URGENCE
22
13
13
37
38
20
21
22
11
ANALYSE
RÈGLEMENTS
20
10
12
12
12
12
13
13
17
19
20
10
Interdiction
Entreposage
Mainlevée de saisie
Confiscation — choses abandonnées
Confiscation — déclaration de culpabilité
Confiscation sur consentement
INJONCTION
17
9
10
12
16
36
9
MESURES CONSÉCUTIVES À LA
SAISIE
ORDRES DE RAPPEL ET DE PRISE
DE MESURES
16
Regulations
Visite
Mandat pour maison d’habitation ou
consentement
13
15
OFFENCES
41
42
43
21
22
11
REVIEW OF ORDERS FOR RECALLS
AND TAKING MEASURES
Governor in Council
Proposed regulation to be laid before
Parliament
Exceptions
Nombre d’inspecteurs
Entrave et fausses déclarations
INSPECTION
10
13
14
15
INTERIM ORDERS
40
19
20
10
Recall
Taking measures
Recall or measures taken by Minister
REGULATIONS
37
38
INSPECTEURS
9
10
13
Court
Page
9
ORDERS FOR RECALLS AND
TAKING MEASURES
INJUNCTION
Article
Infraction
Participants à l’infraction
Employés ou mandataires
20
20
21
21
22
22
Sécurité des produits de consommation — 29 août 2011
Section
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
Page
Continuing offence
Venue
Limitation period
Admissibility of evidence
Self-incrimination
56
VIOLATION
24
VIOLATION
24
Commission of violation
24
POWERS OF THE GOVERNOR IN COUNCIL AND
MINISTER
24
Regulations
Notices of violation
24
24
Issuance of notice of violation
Payment
63
64
49
MINISTRE
50
51
24
52
28
OTHER PROVISIONS
53
28
56
28
28
29
57
58
29
29
30
30
59
60
61
62
30
30
30
63
64
30
30
65
66
Time limit
31
66
Committee
25
25
Conclusion d’une transaction
Refus de transiger
26
26
27
CONTESTATION DEVANT LE MINISTRE
28
Décision — contestation relative aux
faits reprochés
28
EXÉCUTION DES SANCTIONS
Evidence
67
24
27
65
GENERAL PROVISIONS
Paiement
TRANSACTIONS
54
55
24
24
SANCTIONS
26
REVIEW BY THE MINISTER
Certain defences not available
Burden of proof
Violation by corporate officers, etc.
Vicarious liability — acts of employees
and agents
Continuing violation
Forfeiture
24
24
24
Verbalisation
25
26
Debts to Her Majesty
Certificate of default
Règlements
Procès-verbaux
OUVERTURE DE LA PROCÉDURE
24
Compliance agreements
Refusal to enter into compliance
agreement
Review — with respect to facts
Constitution d’une violation
POUVOIRS DU GOUVERNEUR EN CONSEIL ET DU
25
RULES OF LAW ABOUT VIOLATIONS
59
60
61
62
22
22
23
23
23
24
ENFORCEMENT
57
58
Infraction continue
Lieu du procès
Prescription
Admissibilité
Auto-incrimination
SANCTIONS ADMINISTRATIVES
PÉCUNIAIRES
COMPLIANCE AGREEMENTS
54
55
44
45
46
47
48
24
PENALTIES
53
22
22
23
23
23
Page
ADMINISTRATIVE MONETARY
PENALTIES
PROCEEDINGS
52
Article
31
Créance de Sa Majesté
Certificat de non-paiement
67
5
28
29
RÈGLES PROPRES AUX VIOLATIONS
29
Exclusion de certains moyens de défense
Charge de la preuve
Participants à la violation
Responsabilité indirecte : employeurs et
mandants
Violation continue
Confiscation
29
30
30
AUTRES DISPOSITIONS
30
Admissibilité du procès-verbal de
violation
Prescription
DISPOSITIONS GÉNÉRALES
31
28
Consultation — comité
30
30
30
30
31
31
31
Section
68
69
70
71
*76
Page
Statutory Instruments Act
How act or omission may be proceeded
with
Certification by Minister
Publication of information about
contraventions
Article
68
69
Loi sur les textes réglementaires
Cumul interdit
31
31
70
71
31
31
Attestation du ministre
Publication de renseignements
concernant des contraventions
CONSEQUENTIAL AMENDMENTS
TO THE HAZARDOUS PRODUCTS
ACT
31
MODIFICATIONS CORRÉLATIVES À
LA LOI SUR LES PRODUITS
DANGEREUX
31
COMING INTO FORCE
32
ENTRÉE EN VIGUEUR
32
Order in council
31
Page
31
31
32
*76
Décret
31
32
SCHEDULE 1
33
ANNEXE 1
33
SCHEDULE 2
35
ANNEXE 2
35
6
Preamble
S.C. 2010, c. 21
L.C. 2010, ch. 21
An Act respecting the safety of consumer
products
Loi concernant la sécurité des produits de
consommation
[Assented to 15th December 2010]
[Sanctionnée le 15 décembre 2010]
Whereas the Parliament of Canada recognizes the objective of protecting the public by
addressing dangers to human health or safety
that are posed by consumer products;
Attendu :
que le Parlement du Canada reconnaît qu’il
doit se fixer pour objectif de protéger le public en remédiant au danger pour la santé ou
la sécurité humaines que présentent les produits de consommation;
Whereas the Parliament of Canada recognizes that the growing number of consumer
products that flow across the borders of an increasingly global marketplace make the realization of that objective a challenge;
qu’il reconnaît que l’atteinte de cet objectif
présente un défi sérieux compte tenu du
nombre croissant de produits de consommation qui traversent les frontières dans le cadre
d’un marché qui se mondialise;
Whereas the Parliament of Canada recognizes that along with the Government of
Canada, individuals and suppliers of consumer
products have an important role to play in addressing dangers to human health or safety that
are posed by consumer products;
qu’il reconnaît que les individus et les fournisseurs de produits de consommation, tout
comme le gouvernement du Canada, doivent
contribuer à remédier au danger pour la santé
ou la sécurité humaines que présentent les
produits de consommation;
Whereas the Parliament of Canada wishes to
foster cooperation within the Government of
Canada, between the governments in this country and with foreign governments and international organizations, in particular by sharing information, in order to effectively address those
dangers;
qu’il souhaite encourager la coopération au
sein de l’administration publique fédérale,
entre les différents ordres de gouvernement
et avec les gouvernements étrangers et les organisations internationales, notamment par la
mise en commun de l’information, de façon
à remédier plus efficacement à ce danger;
Whereas the Parliament of Canada recognizes that, given the impact activities with respect to consumer products may have on the
environment, there is a need to create a regulatory system regarding consumer products that
is complementary to the regulatory system regarding the environment;
qu’il reconnaît la nécessité de concevoir, en
ce qui concerne les produits de consommation, un système de réglementation qui soit
complémentaire à celui qui concerne l’environnement, étant donné l’effet que pourrait
avoir sur l’environnement toute activité
concernant ces produits;
Whereas the Parliament of Canada recognizes that a lack of full scientific certainty is
not to be used as a reason for postponing measures that prevent adverse effects on human
qu’il reconnaît que l’absence de certitude
scientifique absolue ne doit pas servir de prétexte pour remettre à plus tard la prise de me-
1
Préambule
sures visant à prévenir des effets négatifs sur
la santé humaine qui pourraient être graves
ou irréversibles;
health if those effects could be serious or irreversible;
And whereas the Parliament of Canada recognizes that the application of effective measures to encourage compliance with the federal
regulatory system for consumer products is key
to addressing the dangers to human health or
safety posed by those products;
qu’il reconnaît que la mise en œuvre de mesures efficaces pour encourager le respect du
système de réglementation fédéral visant les
produits de consommation est essentielle
pour remédier au danger pour la santé ou la
sécurité humaines que présentent les produits
de consommation,
Now, therefore, Her Majesty, by and with the
advice and consent of the Senate and House
of Commons of Canada, enacts as follows:
Sa Majesté, sur l’avis et avec le consentement
du Sénat et de la Chambre des communes du
Canada, édicte :
SHORT TITLE
TITRE ABRÉGÉ
1. This Act may be cited as the Canada
Consumer Product Safety Act.
1. Loi canadienne sur la sécurité des produits de consommation.
INTERPRETATION
DÉFINITIONS
Definitions
2. The following definitions apply in this
Act.
2. Les définitions qui suivent s’appliquent à
la présente loi.
Définitions
“advertisement”
« publicité »
“advertisement” includes a representation by
any means for the purpose of promoting directly or indirectly the sale of a consumer product.
« administration »
“government”
“analyst”
« analyste »
“analyst” means an individual designated as an
analyst under section 29 or under section 28 of
the Food and Drugs Act.
“article to which
this Act or the
regulations
apply”
« article visé par
la présente loi
ou les
règlements »
“article to which this Act or the regulations apply” means
« administration » L’administration fédérale,
toute société mentionnée à l’annexe III de la
Loi sur la gestion des finances publiques, toute
administration provinciale, tout organisme public constitué sous le régime d’une loi provinciale, tout gouvernement autochtone au sens du
paragraphe 13(3) de la Loi sur l’accès à l’information, toute administration d’un État étranger
ou d’une de ses subdivisions politiques ou toute
organisation internationale d’États, ou l’un de
leurs organismes.
« analyste » Individu désigné à ce titre en vertu
de l’article 29 ou de l’article 28 de la Loi sur
les aliments et drogues.
« analyste »
“analyst”
« article visé par la présente loi ou les règlements »
« article visé par
la présente loi
ou les
règlements »
“article to which
this Act or the
regulations
apply”
Short title
(a) a consumer product;
(b) anything used in the manufacturing, importation, packaging, storing, advertising,
selling, labelling, testing or transportation of
a consumer product; or
(c) a document that is related to any of those
activities or a consumer product.
“confidential
business
information”
« renseignements
commerciaux
confidentiels »
a) Produit de consommation;
“confidential business information” — in respect of a person to whose business or affairs
the information relates — means business information
b) objet utilisé pour fabriquer, importer, emballer, entreposer, vendre, étiqueter, mettre à
l’essai ou transporter un produit de consommation ou pour en faire la publicité;
(a) that is not publicly available;
c) document relatif à ces activités ou à tout
produit de consommation.
(b) in respect of which the person has taken
measures that are reasonable in the circumstances to ensure that it remains not publicly
available; and
(c) that has actual or potential economic value to the person or their competitors because
2
Titre abrégé
« danger pour la santé ou la sécurité humaines »
Risque déraisonnable — existant ou éventuel
— qu’un produit de consommation présente au
cours ou par suite de son utilisation normale ou
prévisible et qui est susceptible de causer la
mort d’une personne qui y est exposée ou
d’avoir des effets négatifs sur sa santé — notamment en lui causant des blessures —, même
si son effet sur l’intégrité physique ou la santé
n’est pas immédiat. Est notamment visée toute
exposition à un produit de consommation susceptible d’avoir des effets négatifs à long terme
sur la santé humaine.
« danger pour la
santé ou la
sécurité
humaines »
“danger to
human health or
safety”
« document » Tout support sur lequel sont enregistrés ou inscrits des éléments d’information
pouvant être compris par une personne ou lus
par un ordinateur ou tout autre dispositif.
« document »
“document”
« entreposage » Ne vise pas l’entreposage de
produits de consommation par un individu pour
son usage personnel.
« entreposage »
“storing”
« fabrication » Sont assimilés à la fabrication la
production, la formulation, le réemballage et la
préparation de même que la remise à neuf aux
fins de vente.
« fabrication »
“manufacture”
« importer » Importer au Canada.
« importer »
“import”
« inspecteur » Individu désigné à ce titre en vertu du paragraphe 19(2).
« inspecteur »
“inspector”
« ministre » Le ministre de la Santé.
« ministre »
“Minister”
(b) a corporation named in Schedule III to
the Financial Administration Act;
« personne » Individu ou organisation au sens
de l’article 2 du Code criminel.
« personne »
“person”
(c) a provincial government or a public body
established under an Act of the legislature of
a province;
« produit de consommation » Produit — y compris tout composant, partie ou accessoire de celui-ci — dont on peut raisonnablement s’attendre à ce qu’un individu l’obtienne en vue
d’une utilisation à des fins non commerciales,
notamment à des fins domestiques, récréatives
ou sportives. Est assimilé à un tel produit son
emballage.
« produit de
consommation »
“consumer
product”
« publicité » S’entend notamment de la présentation, par tout moyen, d’un produit de consommation en vue d’en promouvoir directement ou
indirectement la vente.
« publicité »
“advertisement”
« renseignements commerciaux confidentiels »
Renseignements commerciaux qui se rapportent à l’entreprise d’une personne ou à ses
activités et, à la fois :
« renseignements
commerciaux
confidentiels »
“confidential
business
information”
it is not publicly available and its disclosure
would result in a material financial loss to
the person or a material financial gain to
their competitors.
“consumer
product”
« produit de
consommation »
“consumer product” means a product, including
its components, parts or accessories, that may
reasonably be expected to be obtained by an individual to be used for non-commercial purposes, including for domestic, recreational and
sports purposes, and includes its packaging.
“danger to
human health or
safety”
« danger pour la
santé ou la
sécurité
humaines »
“danger to human health or safety” means any
unreasonable hazard — existing or potential —
that is posed by a consumer product during or
as a result of its normal or foreseeable use and
that may reasonably be expected to cause the
death of an individual exposed to it or have an
adverse effect on that individual’s health — including an injury — whether or not the death or
adverse effect occurs immediately after the exposure to the hazard, and includes any exposure
to a consumer product that may reasonably be
expected to have a chronic adverse effect on
human health.
“document”
« document »
“government”
« administration »
“document” means anything on which information that is capable of being understood by a
person, or read by a computer or other device,
is recorded or marked.
“government” means any of the following or
their institutions:
(a) the federal government;
(d) an aboriginal government as defined in
subsection 13(3) of the Access to Information Act;
(e) a government of a foreign state or of a
subdivision of a foreign state; or
(f) an international organization of states.
“import”
« importer »
“import” means to import into Canada.
“inspector”
« inspecteur »
“inspector” means an individual designated as
an inspector under subsection 19(2).
“manufacture”
« fabrication »
“manufacture” includes produce, formulate,
repackage and prepare, as well as recondition
for sale.
a) qui ne sont pas accessibles au public;
3
“Minister”
« ministre »
“Minister” means the Minister of Health.
“person”
« personne »
“person” means an individual or an organization as defined in section 2 of the Criminal
Code.
“personal
information”
« renseignements
personnels »
“personal information” has the same meaning
as in section 3 of the Privacy Act.
“prescribed”
Version anglaise
seulement
“prescribed” means prescribed by regulation.
“review officer”
« réviseur »
“review officer” means an individual designated as a review officer under section 34.
“sell”
« vente »
“sell” includes offer for sale, expose for sale or
have in possession for sale — or distribute to
one or more persons, whether or not the distribution is made for consideration — and includes lease, offer for lease, expose for lease or
have in possession for lease.
“storing”
« entreposage »
b) à l’égard desquels la personne a pris des
mesures raisonnables dans les circonstances
pour qu’ils demeurent inaccessibles au public;
c) qui ont une valeur économique réelle ou
potentielle pour la personne ou ses concurrents parce qu’ils ne sont pas accessibles au
public et que leur divulgation entraînerait
une perte financière importante pour elle ou
un gain financier important pour ses concurrents.
“storing” does not include the storing of a consumer product by an individual for their personal use.
« renseignements personnels » S’entend au sens
de l’article 3 de la Loi sur la protection des
renseignements personnels.
« renseignements
personnels »
“personal
information”
« réviseur » Individu désigné à ce titre en vertu
de l’article 34.
« réviseur »
“review officer”
« vente » Est assimilé à la vente le fait de mettre
en vente, d’exposer ou d’avoir en sa possession
pour la vente ou de fournir à une ou plusieurs
personnes pour une contrepartie ou non et, en
outre, le fait de louer, de mettre en location ou
d’exposer ou d’avoir en sa possession pour location.
« vente »
“sell”
PURPOSE
OBJET DE LA LOI
3. The purpose of this Act is to protect the
public by addressing or preventing dangers to
human health or safety that are posed by consumer products in Canada, including those that
circulate within Canada and those that are imported.
3. La présente loi a pour objet de protéger le
public en remédiant au danger pour la santé ou
la sécurité humaines que présentent les produits
de consommation qui se trouvent au Canada,
notamment ceux qui y circulent et ceux qui y
sont importés, et en prévenant ce danger.
APPLICATION
CHAMP D’APPLICATION
Consumer
products
4. (1) This Act applies to consumer products with the exception of those listed in Schedule 1.
4. (1) La présente loi s’applique aux produits de consommation à l’exclusion de ceux figurant à l’annexe 1.
Produits de
consommation
Tobacco
products
(2) This Act applies to tobacco products as
defined in section 2 of the Tobacco Act but only in respect of their ignition propensity.
(2) Elle ne s’applique aux produits du tabac
au sens de l’article 2 de la Loi sur le tabac
qu’en ce qui a trait à leur potentiel incendiaire.
Produits du
tabac
Natural health
products
(3) For greater certainty, this Act does not
apply to natural health products as defined in
subsection 1(1) of the Natural Health Products
Regulations made under the Food and Drugs
Act.
(3) Il est entendu qu’elle ne s’applique pas
aux produits de santé naturels au sens du paragraphe 1(1) du Règlement sur les produits de
santé naturels pris en vertu de la Loi sur les aliments et drogues.
Produits de santé
naturels
PROHIBITIONS
INTERDICTIONS
5. No person shall manufacture, import, advertise or sell a consumer product listed in
Schedule 2.
5. Il est interdit à toute personne de fabriquer, d’importer ou de vendre tout produit de
Purpose
Consumer
products in
Schedule 2
4
Objet
Produits figurant
à l’annexe 2
consommation figurant à l’annexe 2 ou d’en
faire la publicité.
Products that do
not meet
regulatory
requirements
6. No person shall manufacture, import, advertise or sell a consumer product that does not
meet the requirements set out in the regulations.
6. Il est interdit à toute personne de fabriquer, d’importer ou de vendre tout produit de
consommation qui n’est pas conforme aux exigences prévues par règlement ou d’en faire la
publicité.
Produits non
conformes aux
exigences
réglementaires
Manufacturer
and importer
7. No manufacturer or importer shall manufacture, import, advertise or sell a consumer
product that
7. Il est interdit au fabricant ou à l’importateur de fabriquer, d’importer ou de vendre tout
produit de consommation, ou d’en faire la publicité, si le produit, selon le cas :
Fabricant et
importateur
(a) is a danger to human health or safety;
a) présente un danger pour la santé ou la sécurité humaines;
(b) is the subject of a recall order made under section 31 or such an order that is reviewed under section 35 or is the subject of a
voluntary recall in Canada because the product is a danger to human health or safety; or
b) est visé par un rappel soit fait en conformité avec un ordre donné en vertu de l’article 31 ou un tel ordre révisé au titre de l’article 35, soit fait volontairement au Canada
pour cause de danger pour la santé ou la sécurité humaines;
(c) is the subject of a measure that the manufacturer or importer has not carried out but
is required to carry out under an order made
under section 32 or such an order that is reviewed under section 35.
Advertising and
selling
c) est visé par une mesure que le fabricant
ou l’importateur est tenu de prendre en
conformité avec un ordre donné en vertu de
l’article 32 ou un tel ordre révisé au titre de
l’article 35 et qu’il n’a pas prise.
8. No person shall advertise or sell a consumer product that they know
8. Il est interdit à toute personne de vendre
tout produit de consommation, ou d’en faire la
publicité, si elle sait que le produit, selon le
cas :
(a) is a danger to human health or safety;
(b) is the subject of a recall order made under section 31 or such an order that is reviewed under section 35 or is the subject of a
voluntary recall in Canada because the product is a danger to human health or safety; or
a) présente un danger pour la santé ou la sécurité humaines;
b) est visé par un rappel soit fait en conformité avec un ordre donné en vertu de l’article 31 ou un tel ordre révisé au titre de l’article 35, soit fait volontairement au Canada
pour cause de danger pour la santé ou la sécurité humaines;
(c) is the subject of a measure that has not
been carried out but is required to be carried
out under an order made under section 32 or
such an order that is reviewed under section
35.
Misleading
claims —
package or label
Vente et
publicité
c) est visé par une mesure qui doit être prise
en conformité avec un ordre donné en vertu
de l’article 32 ou un tel ordre révisé au titre
de l’article 35 et qui n’a pas été prise.
9. No person shall package or label a consumer product
9. Il est interdit à toute personne d’étiqueter
ou d’emballer tout produit de consommation :
(a) in a manner — including one that is
false, misleading or deceptive — that may
reasonably be expected to create an erroneous impression regarding the fact that it is
not a danger to human health or safety; or
a) d’une manière — fausse, trompeuse,
mensongère ou autre — susceptible de créer
une fausse impression quant au fait qu’il ne
présente pas de danger pour la santé ou la sécurité humaines;
5
Fausse
déclaration —
étiquetage et
emballage
(b) in a manner that is false, misleading or
deceptive regarding its certification related to
its safety or its compliance with a safety
standard or the regulations.
b) d’une manière fausse, trompeuse ou mensongère quant à son homologation en matière
de sécurité ou quant au fait qu’il respecte
toute norme en cette matière ou les règlements.
Misleading
claims —
advertise or sell
10. No person shall advertise or sell a consumer product that they know is advertised,
packaged or labelled in a manner referred to in
section 9.
10. Il est interdit à toute personne de vendre
tout produit de consommation ou d’en faire la
publicité si elle sait qu’il est étiqueté ou emballé de l’une des manières prévues à l’article 9 ou
que la publicité le concernant est faite de l’une
de ces manières.
Fausse
déclaration —
vente et
publicité
False or
misleading
information
11. No person shall knowingly provide the
Minister with false or misleading information
in relation to a matter under this Act or the regulations.
11. Il est interdit à toute personne de communiquer sciemment au ministre des renseignements faux ou trompeurs relativement à toute
question visée par la présente loi ou les règlements.
Renseignements
faux ou
trompeurs
TESTS, STUDIES AND COMPILATION OF
INFORMATION
ESSAIS, ÉTUDES ET COMPILATION DE
RENSEIGNEMENTS
12. The Minister may, by written notice, order any person who manufactures or imports a
consumer product for commercial purposes to
12. Le ministre peut, par avis écrit, ordonner
à toute personne qui fabrique ou importe tout
produit de consommation à des fins commerciales :
Tests, studies
and information
(a) conduct tests or studies on the product in
order to obtain the information that the Minister considers necessary to verify compliance or prevent non-compliance with this
Act or the regulations;
a) d’effectuer des essais ou études sur le
produit en vue d’obtenir les renseignements
qu’il estime nécessaires pour vérifier le respect de la présente loi et des règlements ou
pour en prévenir le non-respect;
(b) compile any information that the Minister considers necessary to verify compliance
or prevent non-compliance with this Act or
the regulations; and
b) de compiler tout renseignement qu’il estime nécessaire pour vérifier le respect de la
présente loi et des règlements ou pour en
prévenir le non-respect;
(c) provide him or her with the documents
that contain that information and the results
of the tests or studies in the time and manner
that the Minister specifies.
Requirement
Essais, études et
renseignements
c) de lui communiquer tout document contenant les renseignements ainsi compilés et les
résultats des essais et études dans le délai et
de la manière qu’il précise.
PREPARING AND MAINTAINING
DOCUMENTS
TENUE DE DOCUMENTS
13. (1) Any person who manufactures, imports, advertises, sells or tests a consumer product for commercial purposes shall prepare and
maintain
13. (1) Toute personne qui fabrique, importe, vend ou met à l’essai tout produit de
consommation, ou en fait la publicité, à des fins
commerciales tient :
(a) documents that indicate
a) des documents indiquant :
(i) in the case of a retailer, the name and
address of the person from whom they obtained the product and the location where
and the period during which they sold the
product, and
(i) s’agissant de la personne qui vend au
détail, les nom et adresse de la personne
de qui elle a obtenu le produit, les lieux où
elle l’a vendu et la période pendant laquelle elle l’a vendu,
6
Obligation
(ii) in
name
whom
whom
and
the case of any other person, the
and address of the person from
they obtained the product or to
they sold it, or both, as applicable;
(ii) s’agissant de toute autre personne, les
nom et adresse de la personne de qui elle a
obtenu le produit et de celle à qui elle l’a
vendu, le cas échéant;
b) les documents réglementaires.
(b) the prescribed documents.
Period for
keeping
documents
(2) The person shall keep the documents until the expiry of six years after the end of the
year to which they relate or for any other period
that may be prescribed.
(2) Elle conserve les documents pendant la
période de six ans suivant la fin de l’année
qu’ils visent ou pendant toute autre période
fixée par règlement.
Période de
conservation
Keeping and
providing
documents in
Canada
(3) The person shall keep the documents at
their place of business in Canada or at any prescribed place and shall, on written request, provide the Minister with them.
(3) Elle les conserve au Canada à son établissement ou en tout lieu réglementaire et, sur
demande écrite, les fournit au ministre.
Lieu de
conservation au
Canada et
fourniture
Exemption —
outside Canada
(4) The Minister may, subject to any terms
and conditions that he or she may specify, exempt a person from the requirement to keep
documents in Canada if the Minister considers
it unnecessary or impractical for the person to
keep them in Canada.
(4) Le ministre peut toutefois, aux conditions qu’il précise, exempter toute personne de
l’obligation de conserver les documents au
Canada dans les cas où il l’estime inutile ou
peu commode.
Exception —
lieu à l’extérieur
du Canada
Importation
(5) A person who imports a consumer product for commercial purposes shall, no later than
at the time of the product’s importation, provide the Minister with those documents referred to in paragraph (1)(b) that are specified
in the regulations.
(5) La personne qui importe tout produit de
consommation à des fins commerciales fournit
au ministre, au plus tard au moment de l’importation, les documents visés à l’alinéa (1)b) qui
sont précisés par règlement.
Importation
DUTIES IN THE EVENT OF AN INCIDENT
OBLIGATIONS EN CAS D’INCIDENT
14. (1) In this section, “incident” means,
with respect to a consumer product,
14. (1) Au présent article, « incident » s’entend, relativement à un produit de consommation :
Definition of
“incident”
(a) an occurrence in Canada or elsewhere
that resulted or may reasonably have been
expected to result in an individual’s death or
in serious adverse effects on their health, including a serious injury;
a) de l’événement survenu au Canada ou à
l’étranger qui a causé ou était susceptible de
causer la mort d’un individu ou qui a eu ou
était susceptible d’avoir des effets négatifs
graves sur sa santé, notamment en lui causant des blessures graves;
(b) a defect or characteristic that may reasonably be expected to result in an individual’s death or in serious adverse effects on
their health, including a serious injury;
b) de la défectuosité ou caractéristique qui
est susceptible de causer la mort d’un individu ou d’avoir de tels effets;
(c) incorrect or insufficient information on a
label or in instructions — or the lack of a label or instructions — that may reasonably be
expected to result in an individual’s death or
in serious adverse effects on their health, including a serious injury; or
c) de l’inexactitude ou de l’insuffisance des
renseignements sur l’étiquette ou dans les
instructions — ou de l’absence d’étiquette ou
d’instructions — qui est susceptible de causer la mort d’un individu ou d’avoir de tels
effets;
(d) a recall or measure that is initiated for
human health or safety reasons by
d) du rappel fait par l’une des entités ciaprès ou de toute mesure prise par elle, pour
(i) a foreign entity,
7
Définition de
« incident »
des raisons de santé ou de sécurité
humaines :
(ii) a provincial government,
(iii) a public body that is established under an Act of the legislature of a province,
(i) toute entité étrangère,
(iv) an aboriginal government as defined
in subsection 13(3) of the Access to Information Act, or
(ii) toute administration provinciale,
(iii) tout organisme public constitué sous
le régime d’une loi provinciale,
(v) an institution of an entity referred to in
subparagraphs (ii) to (iv).
(iv) tout gouvernement autochtone au
sens du paragraphe 13(3) de la Loi sur
l’accès à l’information,
(v) tout organisme de l’une des entités visées aux sous-alinéas (ii) à (iv).
Requirement to
provide
information
(2) A person who manufactures, imports or
sells a consumer product for commercial purposes shall provide the Minister and, if applicable, the person from whom they received the
consumer product with all the information in
their control regarding any incident related to
the product within two days after the day on
which they become aware of the incident.
(2) Toute personne qui fabrique, importe ou
vend tout produit de consommation à des fins
commerciales communique au ministre et, le
cas échéant, à la personne de qui elle a obtenu
le produit tout renseignement relevant d’elle
concernant un incident lié au produit, dans les
deux jours suivant la date où l’incident est venu
à sa connaissance.
Communication
de renseignements
Report
(3) The manufacturer of the consumer product, or if the manufacturer carries on business
outside Canada, the importer, shall provide the
Minister with a written report — containing information about the incident, the product involved in the incident, any products that they
manufacture or import, as the case may be, that
to their knowledge could be involved in a similar incident and any measures they propose be
taken with respect to those products — within
10 days after the day on which they become
aware of the incident or within the period that
the Minister specifies by written notice.
(3) Le fabricant du produit en cause ou, si
celui-ci exerce ses activités à l’extérieur du
Canada, l’importateur fournit au ministre, dans
les dix jours suivant la date où l’incident est venu à sa connaissance ou le délai que le ministre
précise par avis écrit, un rapport écrit contenant
des renseignements concernant l’incident, le
produit, tout produit qu’il fabrique ou importe,
selon le cas, qui pourrait, à sa connaissance,
être impliqué dans un incident semblable et
toute mesure visant ces produits dont il propose
la prise.
Rapport
DISCLOSURE OF INFORMATION BY THE
MINISTER
COMMUNICATION DE
RENSEIGNEMENTS PAR LE MINISTRE
Personal
information
15. (1) The Minister may disclose personal
information to a person or a government that
carries out functions relating to the protection
of human health or safety without the consent
of the individual to whom the personal information relates if the disclosure is necessary to
identify or address a serious danger to human
health or safety.
15. (1) Le ministre peut communiquer à
toute personne ou administration exerçant des
fonctions relatives à la protection de la santé ou
de la sécurité humaines des renseignements
personnels se rapportant à un individu sans obtenir son consentement, si cela est nécessaire
pour établir l’existence d’un danger pour la
santé ou la sécurité humaines qui est grave ou
remédier à ce danger.
Renseignements
personnels
Privacy Act not
affected
(2) For greater certainty, nothing in this section affects the provisions of the Privacy Act.
(2) Il est entendu que le présent article n’a
pas pour effet de porter atteinte aux dispositions de la Loi sur la protection des renseignements personnels.
Loi sur la
protection des
renseignements
personnels
8
Confidential
business
information —
agreement
16. The Minister may disclose confidential
business information to a person or a government that carries out functions relating to the
protection of human health or safety or the environment — in relation to a consumer product
— without the consent of the person to whose
business or affairs the information relates and
without notifying that person if the person to
whom or government to which the information
may be disclosed agrees in writing to maintain
the confidentiality of the information and to use
it only for the purpose of carrying out those
functions.
16. Le ministre peut communiquer à toute
personne ou administration exerçant des fonctions relatives à la protection de la santé ou de
la sécurité humaines ou de l’environnement en
ce qui touche un produit de consommation des
renseignements commerciaux confidentiels se
rapportant à l’entreprise d’une personne ou à
ses activités sans obtenir son consentement et
sans l’aviser, s’il conclut avec le destinataire
des renseignements une entente écrite prévoyant que des mesures seront prises pour assurer leur confidentialité et qu’ils ne seront utilisés que dans le cadre de l’exercice de ces
fonctions.
Renseignements
commerciaux
confidentiels —
entente
Confidential
business
information —
serious and
imminent danger
17. (1) The Minister may, without the consent of the person to whose business or affairs
the information relates and without notifying
that person beforehand, disclose confidential
business information about a consumer product
that is a serious and imminent danger to human
health or safety or the environment, if the disclosure of the information is essential to address the danger.
17. (1) Le ministre peut communiquer des
renseignements commerciaux confidentiels se
rapportant à l’entreprise d’une personne ou à
ses activités sans obtenir son consentement et
sans l’aviser au préalable, si les renseignements
sont relatifs à tout produit de consommation qui
présente un danger pour la santé ou la sécurité
humaines ou pour l’environnement qui est
grave et imminent et si la communication des
renseignements est essentielle pour remédier à
ce danger.
Renseignements
commerciaux
confidentiels —
danger grave et
imminent
Disclosure of
information —
notification
(2) If the Minister discloses confidential
business information under subsection (1), he
or she shall, not later than the next business day
following the disclosure, notify the person to
whose business or affairs the information relates.
(2) Le cas échéant, le ministre en avise la
personne en cause au plus tard le premier jour
ouvrable suivant la communication.
Communication
de renseignements —
notification
Definition of
“business day”
(3) In this section, “business day” means a
day other than a Saturday or a holiday.
(3) Pour l’application du présent article,
« jour ouvrable » s’entend d’un jour qui n’est ni
un samedi, ni un jour férié.
Définition de
« jour
ouvrable »
For greater
certainty
18. For greater certainty, the Minister may
disclose to the public information about a danger to human health or safety that a consumer
product poses.
18. Il est entendu que le ministre peut communiquer au public des renseignements relatifs
au danger pour la santé ou la sécurité humaines
que présente tout produit de consommation.
Précision
INSPECTORS
INSPECTEURS
Number of
inspectors
19. (1) The Minister shall decide on the
number of inspectors sufficient for the purpose
of the administration and enforcement of this
Act and the regulations.
19. (1) Le ministre décide d’un nombre suffisant d’inspecteurs pour l’exécution et le
contrôle d’application de la présente loi et des
règlements.
Nombre
d’inspecteurs
Designation
(2) The Minister may designate an individual as an inspector for the purpose of the administration and enforcement of this Act and the
regulations.
(2) Le ministre peut désigner tout individu à
titre d’inspecteur pour l’exécution et le contrôle
d’application de la présente loi et des règlements.
Désignation
Certificate to be
produced
(3) An inspector shall be given a certificate
in a form established by the Minister attesting
(3) Chaque inspecteur reçoit un certificat en
la forme établie par le ministre. Le certificat at-
Production du
certificat
9
to the inspector’s designation and, on entering a
place under subsection 21(1), the inspector
shall, on request, produce the certificate to the
person in charge of that place.
teste la qualité de l’inspecteur, qui le présente,
sur demande, au responsable de tout lieu visité
au titre du paragraphe 21(1).
20. No person shall knowingly obstruct, hinder or make a false or misleading statement either orally or in writing to an inspector who is
carrying out their functions.
20. Il est interdit à toute personne de, sciemment, entraver l’action de l’inspecteur qui agit
dans l’exercice de ses attributions ou lui faire,
oralement ou par écrit, une déclaration fausse
ou trompeuse.
INSPECTION
INSPECTION
Authority to
enter place
21. (1) Subject to subsection 22(1), an inspector may, for the purpose of verifying compliance or preventing non-compliance with this
Act or the regulations, at any reasonable time
enter a place, including a conveyance, in which
they have reasonable grounds to believe that a
consumer product is manufactured, imported,
packaged, stored, advertised, sold, labelled,
tested or transported, or a document relating to
the administration of this Act or the regulations
is located.
21. (1) Sous réserve du paragraphe 22(1),
pour vérifier le respect de la présente loi et des
règlements ou pour en prévenir le non-respect,
l’inspecteur peut, à toute heure convenable,
procéder à la visite de tout lieu — y compris un
moyen de transport — s’il a des motifs raisonnables de croire que des produits de consommation y sont fabriqués, importés, emballés,
entreposés, vendus, étiquetés, mis à l’essai ou
transportés, que la publicité de tels produits y
est faite ou que tout document relatif à l’exécution de la présente loi ou des règlements s’y
trouve.
Visite
Powers
(2) The inspector may, for the purpose referred to in subsection (1),
(2) L’inspecteur peut, aux fins prévues au
paragraphe (1) :
Pouvoirs
(a) examine or test anything — and take
samples free of charge of an article to which
this Act or the regulations apply — that is
found in the place;
a) examiner ou mettre à l’essai toute chose
qui se trouve dans le lieu et prélever sans
frais des échantillons de tout article visé par
la présente loi ou les règlements qui s’y
trouve;
Obstruction and
false statements
(b) open a receptacle or package that is
found in the place;
b) ouvrir tout contenant ou emballage qui
s’y trouve;
(c) examine a document that is found in the
place, make a copy of it or take an extract
from it;
c) examiner tout document qui s’y trouve et
en faire des copies ou en prendre des extraits;
(d) seize and detain for any time that may be
necessary
d) saisir et retenir aussi longtemps que nécessaire tout article visé par la présente loi
ou les règlements qui s’y trouve ou, le cas
échéant, le moyen de transport;
(i) an article to which this Act or the regulations apply that is found in the place, or
(ii) the conveyance;
e) ordonner au propriétaire de tout article visé par la présente loi ou les règlements qui se
trouve dans le lieu ou, le cas échéant, du
moyen de transport, ou à la personne qui en a
la possession, la responsabilité ou la charge,
de le déplacer ou de ne pas le déplacer ou
d’en limiter le déplacement aussi longtemps
que nécessaire;
(e) order the owner or person having possession, care or control of an article to which
this Act or the regulations apply that is found
in the place — or of the conveyance — to
move it or, for any time that may be necessary, not to move it or to restrict its movement;
10
Entrave et
fausses
déclarations
(f) use or cause to be used a computer or
other device that is at the place to examine a
document that is contained in or available to
a computer system or reproduce it or cause it
to be reproduced in the form of a printout or
other intelligible output and remove the output for examination or copying;
f) utiliser ou faire utiliser tout ordinateur ou
autre dispositif qui se trouve dans le lieu
pour prendre connaissance des documents
que tout système informatique contient ou
auxquels il donne accès, reproduire ou faire
reproduire ces documents sous forme d’imprimé ou toute autre forme intelligible et emporter tout imprimé ou sortie de données
pour examen ou reproduction;
(g) use or cause to be used copying equipment that is at the place and remove the
copies for examination;
g) utiliser ou faire utiliser le matériel de reproduction qui se trouve dans le lieu et emporter les copies aux fins d’examen;
(h) take photographs and make recordings
and sketches; and
h) prendre des photographies, effectuer des
enregistrements et faire des croquis;
(i) order the owner or person in charge of
the place or a person who manufactures, imports, packages, stores, advertises, sells, labels, tests or transports a consumer product
at the place to establish their identity to the
inspector’s satisfaction or to stop or start the
activity.
i) ordonner au propriétaire ou au responsable du lieu, ou à quiconque s’y trouve et y
fabrique, importe, emballe, entrepose, vend,
étiquette, met à l’essai ou transporte tout produit de consommation ou en fait la publicité,
d’établir, à sa satisfaction, son identité ou
d’arrêter ou de reprendre l’activité.
Conveyance
(3) For the purpose of entering the conveyance, an inspector may order the owner or
person having possession, care or control of the
conveyance to stop it or move it to a place
where the inspector can enter it.
(3) L’inspecteur peut ordonner au propriétaire du moyen de transport qu’il entend visiter
ou à la personne qui en a la possession, la responsabilité ou la charge de l’immobiliser et de
le conduire en tout lieu où il peut effectuer la
visite.
Moyens de
transport
Entering private
property
(4) An inspector who is carrying out their
functions and any person accompanying them
may enter on or pass through or over private
property.
(4) L’inspecteur qui agit dans l’exercice de
ses attributions et toute personne qui l’accompagne peuvent pénétrer dans une propriété privée et y circuler.
Droit de passage
— propriété
privée
Assistance and
information to
be given to
inspector
(5) The owner or person in charge of the
place and every person found in the place shall
give an inspector who is carrying out their
functions all reasonable assistance and provide
them with any information that they may reasonably require.
(5) Le propriétaire ou le responsable du lieu
visité, ainsi que quiconque s’y trouve, sont tenus d’accorder à l’inspecteur toute l’assistance
possible dans l’exercice de ses attributions et de
lui fournir les renseignements qu’il peut valablement exiger.
Assistance à
l’inspecteur
Warrant or
consent required
to enter
dwelling-house
22. (1) If the place mentioned in subsection
21(1) is a dwelling-house, an inspector may not
enter it without the consent of the occupant except under the authority of a warrant issued under subsection (2).
22. (1) Dans le cas d’une maison d’habitation, l’inspecteur ne peut toutefois procéder à la
visite sans le consentement de l’occupant que
s’il est muni du mandat prévu au paragraphe
(2).
Mandat pour
maison
d’habitation ou
consentement
Authority to
issue warrant
(2) A justice of the peace may, on ex parte
application, issue a warrant authorizing, subject
to the conditions specified in the warrant, the
person who is named in it to enter a dwellinghouse if the justice of the peace is satisfied by
information on oath that
(2) Sur demande ex parte, le juge de paix
peut signer un mandat autorisant, sous réserve
des conditions éventuellement fixées, la personne qui y est nommée à procéder à la visite
d’une maison d’habitation s’il est convaincu,
sur la foi d’une dénonciation sous serment, que
sont réunis les éléments suivants :
Délivrance du
mandat
11
(a) the dwelling-house is a place described
in subsection 21(1);
a) la maison d’habitation est un lieu visé au
paragraphe 21(1);
(b) entry to the dwelling-house is necessary
for the purposes referred to in subsection
21(1); and
b) la visite est nécessaire aux fins prévues à
ce paragraphe;
c) soit un refus a été opposé à la visite, soit
il y a des motifs raisonnables de croire que
tel sera le cas ou qu’il est impossible d’obtenir le consentement de l’occupant.
(c) entry to the dwelling-house was refused
or there are reasonable grounds to believe
that it will be refused or to believe that consent to entry cannot be obtained from the occupant.
Use of force
(3) In executing a warrant issued under subsection (2), the inspector may not use force unless they are accompanied by a peace officer
and the use of force is authorized in the warrant.
(3) L’inspecteur ne peut recourir à la force
dans l’exécution du mandat que si celui-ci en
autorise l’usage et que si lui-même est accompagné d’un agent de la paix.
Usage de la
force
Telewarrant
(4) If an inspector believes that it would not
be practical to appear personally to make an application for a warrant under subsection (2), a
warrant may be issued by telephone or other
means of telecommunication on application
submitted by telephone or other means of
telecommunication and section 487.1 of the
Criminal Code applies for that purpose with
any necessary modifications.
(4) L’inspecteur qui considère qu’il serait
peu commode de se présenter en personne devant le juge de paix pour y demander le mandat
visé au paragraphe (2) peut demander qu’il lui
soit délivré par téléphone ou à l’aide d’un autre
moyen de télécommunication, sur le fondement
d’une dénonciation transmise par l’un quelconque de ces moyens; l’article 487.1 du Code
criminel s’applique alors avec les adaptations
nécessaires.
Télémandats
PROCEDURES FOLLOWING SEIZURE
MESURES CONSÉCUTIVES À LA SAISIE
Interference
23. Except with the authority of an inspector, no person shall remove, alter or interfere in
any way with anything seized under this Act.
23. Il est interdit, sans l’autorisation de
l’inspecteur, de déplacer les choses saisies en
vertu de la présente loi ou d’en modifier l’état.
Interdiction
Storage of things
seized
24. An inspector who seizes a thing under
this Act may
24. L’inspecteur qui saisit une chose en vertu de la présente loi peut :
Entreposage
(a) on notice to and at the expense of its
owner or the person having possession, care
or control of it at the time of its seizure, store
it or move it to another place; or
a) l’entreposer dans le lieu où elle a été saisie ou dans un autre lieu, sur avis et aux frais
de son propriétaire ou de la personne qui en
avait la possession, la responsabilité ou la
charge au moment de la saisie;
(b) order its owner or the person having possession, care or control of it at the time of its
seizure to store it or move it to another place
at their expense.
b) ordonner à son propriétaire ou à une telle
personne de l’entreposer à ses frais dans le
lieu où elle a été saisie ou dans un autre lieu.
Release of
things seized
25. An inspector who seizes a thing under
this Act shall release it if they are satisfied that
the provisions of this Act and the regulations
with respect to it have been complied with.
25. L’inspecteur, après avoir constaté que
les dispositions de la présente loi et des règlements applicables à la chose saisie en vertu de
la présente loi ont été respectées, donne mainlevée de la saisie.
Mainlevée de
saisie
Forfeiture —
thing unclaimed
26. (1) A seized thing is, at Her election,
forfeited to Her Majesty in right of Canada if
26. (1) La chose saisie est, dans les cas ciaprès, confisquée au profit de Sa Majesté du
chef du Canada si elle en décide ainsi :
Confiscation —
choses
abandonnées
12
(a) within 60 days after the seizure, no person is identified as its owner or as a person
who is entitled to possess it; or
a) le propriétaire ou la personne qui a droit à
sa possession ne peuvent être identifiés dans
les soixante jours suivant la saisie;
(b) the owner or person who is entitled to
possess it, within 60 days after the day on
which they are notified that the inspector has
released the seized thing, does not claim it.
b) le propriétaire ou cette personne ne la réclament pas dans les soixante jours suivant la
date où ils sont informés de la mainlevée de
la saisie.
Proceedings
instituted
(2) Subsection (1) does not apply if proceedings are instituted in respect of an offence that
relates to the thing that was seized.
(2) Le paragraphe (1) ne s’applique pas si
des poursuites sont engagées relativement à une
infraction liée à la chose saisie.
Poursuites
engagées
Disposal
(3) A seized thing that is forfeited may be
disposed of at the expense of its owner or the
person who was entitled to possess it at the
time of its seizure.
(3) En cas de confiscation de la chose saisie,
il peut en être disposé aux frais du propriétaire
ou de la personne qui avait droit à sa possession
au moment de la saisie.
Disposition
Forfeiture —
conviction for
offence
27. (1) If a person is convicted of an offence under this Act, the court may order that a
seized thing by means of or in relation to which
the offence was committed be forfeited to Her
Majesty in right of Canada.
27. (1) En cas de déclaration de culpabilité
pour infraction à la présente loi, le tribunal peut
ordonner que toute chose saisie qui a servi ou
donné lieu à l’infraction soit confisquée au profit de Sa Majesté du chef du Canada.
Confiscation —
déclaration de
culpabilité
Disposal
(2) A seized thing that is forfeited may be
disposed of at the expense of its owner or the
person who was entitled to possess it at the
time of its seizure.
(2) En cas de confiscation de la chose saisie,
il peut en être disposé aux frais du propriétaire
ou de la personne qui avait droit à sa possession
au moment de la saisie.
Disposition
Forfeiture — on
consent
28. If the owner of a seized thing consents to
its forfeiture, the seized thing is forfeited to Her
Majesty in right of Canada and may be disposed of at the expense of the owner.
28. Le propriétaire de la chose saisie peut
consentir à sa confiscation. Le cas échéant, la
chose est confisquée au profit de Sa Majesté du
chef du Canada et il peut en être disposé aux
frais du propriétaire.
Confiscation sur
consentement
ANALYSIS
ANALYSE
Analysts
29. The Minister may designate any individual or class of individuals as analysts for the
administration and enforcement of this Act and
the regulations.
29. Le ministre peut désigner tout individu
— personnellement ou au titre de son appartenance à une catégorie donnée — à titre d’analyste pour l’exécution et le contrôle d’application de la présente loi et des règlements.
Analystes
Analysis and
examination
30. (1) An inspector may submit to an analyst, for analysis or examination, anything
seized by the inspector, or any sample of it, or
any samples taken by the inspector.
30. (1) L’inspecteur peut soumettre à l’analyste, pour analyse ou examen, les choses qu’il
a saisies ou des échantillons de celles-ci ou les
échantillons qu’il a lui-même prélevés.
Analyse et
examen
Certificate or
report
(2) An analyst who has made an analysis or
examination may issue a certificate or report
setting out the results of the analysis or examination.
(2) L’analyste peut, après analyse ou examen, délivrer un certificat ou un rapport où sont
donnés ses résultats.
Certificat ou
rapport
ORDERS FOR RECALLS AND TAKING
MEASURES
ORDRES DE RAPPEL ET DE PRISE DE
MESURES
31. (1) If the Minister believes on reasonable grounds that a consumer product is a danger to human health or safety, he or she may or-
31. (1) S’il a des motifs raisonnables de
croire qu’un produit de consommation présente
un danger pour la santé ou la sécurité hu-
Recall
13
Rappel
Notice
der a person who manufactures, imports or sells
the product for commercial purposes to recall
it.
maines, le ministre peut ordonner à la personne
qui fabrique, importe ou vend le produit à des
fins commerciales d’en faire le rappel.
(2) The order shall be provided in the form
of a written notice and must include
(2) L’ordre est communiqué sous forme
d’avis écrit précisant les motifs ainsi que le délai et les modalités d’exécution.
Avis
32. (1) Le ministre peut ordonner à toute
personne qui fabrique, importe ou vend un produit de consommation, ou en fait la publicité,
de prendre toute mesure visée au paragraphe
(2) si, selon le cas :
Prise de mesures
(a) a statement of the reasons for the recall;
and
(b) the time and manner in which the recall
is to be carried out.
Taking measures
32. (1) The Minister may order a person
who manufactures, imports, advertises or sells
a consumer product to take any measure referred to in subsection (2) if
(a) that person does not comply with an order made under section 12 with respect to the
product;
a) la personne ne se conforme pas à l’ordre
donné en vertu de l’article 12 relativement au
produit;
(b) the Minister has made an order under
section 31 with respect to the product;
b) il a donné un ordre en vertu de l’article 31
relativement au produit;
(c) the Minister believes on reasonable
grounds that the product is the subject of a
measure or recall undertaken voluntarily by
the manufacturer or importer; or
c) il a des motifs raisonnables de croire que
le produit est visé soit par un rappel fait volontairement par le fabricant ou l’importateur, soit par une mesure prise volontairement par l’un ou l’autre;
(d) the Minister believes on reasonable
grounds that there is a contravention of this
Act or the regulations in relation to the product.
Measures
Notice
d) il a des motifs raisonnables de croire qu’il
y a eu contravention à la présente loi ou aux
règlements relativement au produit.
(2) The measures include
(2) Les mesures en cause sont les suivantes :
(a) stopping the manufacturing, importation,
packaging, storing, advertising, selling, labelling, testing or transportation of the consumer product or causing any of those activities to be stopped; and
a) cesser la fabrication, l’importation, l’emballage, l’entreposage, la vente, l’étiquetage,
la mise à l’essai ou le transport du produit ou
cesser d’en faire la publicité, ou faire cesser
ces activités;
(b) any measure that the Minister considers
necessary to remedy a non-compliance with
this Act or the regulations, including any
measure that relates to the product that the
Minister considers necessary in order for the
product to meet the requirements of the regulations or to address or prevent a danger to
human health or safety that the product poses.
b) prendre toute mesure que le ministre estime nécessaire pour remédier à un manquement à la présente loi ou aux règlements, notamment toute mesure concernant le produit
qu’il estime nécessaire afin de rendre celui-ci
conforme aux exigences prévues par règlement ou afin de remédier au danger pour la
santé ou la sécurité humaines qu’il présente
ou de prévenir ce danger.
(3) The order shall be provided in the form
of a written notice and must include
(3) L’ordre est communiqué sous forme
d’avis écrit précisant les motifs ainsi que le délai et les modalités d’exécution.
(a) a statement of the reasons for the measure; and
14
Mesures
Avis
(b) the time and manner in which the measure is to be carried out.
33. If a person does not comply with an order made under section 31 or 32 within the time
specified, the Minister may, on his or her own
initiative and at that person’s expense, carry out
the recall or measure required.
33. Si la personne ne se conforme pas à
l’ordre donné en vertu des articles 31 ou 32
dans le délai imparti, le ministre peut, de sa
propre initiative, faire le rappel ou prendre la
mesure en cause aux frais de la personne.
REVIEW OF ORDERS FOR RECALLS AND
TAKING MEASURES
RÉVISION DES ORDRES DE RAPPEL ET
DE PRISE DE MESURES
Review officer
34. The Minister may designate any individual or class of individuals that are qualified as
review officers for the purpose of reviewing orders under section 35.
34. Le ministre peut désigner à titre de réviseur tout individu — personnellement ou au
titre de son appartenance à une catégorie donnée — compétent pour procéder aux révisions
prévues à l’article 35.
Réviseurs
Request for
review
35. (1) Subject to any other provision of
this section, an order that is made under section
31 or 32 shall be reviewed on the written request of the person who was ordered to recall a
consumer product or to take another measure
— but only on grounds that involve questions
of fact alone or questions of mixed law and fact
— by a review officer other than the individual
who made the order.
35. (1) Sous réserve des autres dispositions
du présent article, l’ordre donné en vertu des
articles 31 ou 32 ne peut être révisé que sur des
questions de fait ou des questions mixtes de fait
et de droit, et ce, par un réviseur — autre que
l’individu qui l’a donné — sur demande écrite
de son destinataire.
Demande de
révision
Contents of and
time for making
request
(2) The written request must state the
grounds for review and set out the evidence —
including evidence that was not considered by
the individual who made the order — that supports those grounds and the decision that is
sought. It shall be provided to the Minister
within seven days after the day on which the
order was provided or, in the event of a serious
and imminent danger to human health or safety,
any shorter period that may be specified in the
order.
(2) La demande est motivée, elle énonce les
éléments de preuve à son appui — notamment
les faits n’ayant pas été pris en considération
par l’individu qui a donné l’ordre — ainsi que
la décision demandée et elle est déposée auprès
du ministre dans les sept jours suivant la date
de la communication de l’ordre ou, en cas de
danger pour la santé ou la sécurité humaines
qui est grave et imminent, dans le délai inférieur qui est précisé dans l’ordre.
Contenu de la
demande et délai
pour la déposer
No authority to
review
(3) The review is not to be done if the request does not comply with subsection (2) or is
frivolous, vexatious or not made in good faith.
(3) La révision est refusée si la demande ne
satisfait pas au paragraphe (2) ou si elle est frivole, vexatoire ou entachée de mauvaise foi.
Refus
Reasons for
refusal
(4) The person who made the request shall,
without delay, be notified in writing of the reasons for not doing the review.
(4) Le refus est communiqué sans délai par
écrit au demandeur, motifs à l’appui.
Motifs du refus
Review initiated
by review
officer
(5) A review officer — other than the individual who made the order — may review an
order, whether or not a request is made under
subsection (1).
(5) Tout réviseur — autre que l’individu qui
a donné l’ordre — peut procéder à la révision
même en l’absence de la demande prévue au
paragraphe (1).
Révision à
l’initiative du
réviseur
Order in effect
(6) An order continues to apply during a review unless the review officer decides otherwise.
(6) À moins que le réviseur n’en décide autrement, la révision n’a pas pour effet de suspendre la mise en œuvre de l’ordre.
Absence de
suspension
Recall or
measures taken
by Minister
15
Rappel ou prise
de mesures par
le ministre
Completion of
review
(7) A review officer shall complete the review no later than 30 days after the day on
which the request is provided to the Minister.
(7) Le réviseur termine la révision dans les
trente jours suivant la date à laquelle la demande a été déposée.
Délai de la
révision
Extension of
period for
review
(8) The review officer may extend the review period by no more than 30 days if they are
of the opinion that more time is required to
complete the review. They may extend the review period more than once.
(8) Il pourra toutefois prolonger le délai de
révision d’au plus trente jours à chaque fois s’il
estime qu’il ne pourra terminer la révision dans
le délai prévu. Le délai peut être prolongé plus
d’une fois.
Prolongation
Reasons for
extension
(9) If the review period is extended, the person who made the request shall, without delay,
be notified in writing of the reasons for extending it.
(9) La prolongation est communiquée sans
délai par écrit au demandeur, motifs à l’appui.
Motifs écrits
Decision on
completion of
review
(10) On completion of a review, the review
officer shall confirm, amend, terminate or cancel the order.
(10) Au terme de la révision, le réviseur
confirme, modifie, révoque ou annule l’ordre.
Issue de la
révision
Notice
(11) The person who made the request or, if
there is no request, the person who was ordered
to recall the consumer product or to take another measure shall, without delay, be notified in
writing of the reasons for the review officer’s
decision under subsection (10).
(11) Un avis écrit et motivé de la décision
prise au titre du paragraphe (10) est communiqué sans délai au demandeur ou, à défaut de demande, au destinataire de l’ordre.
Avis écrit
Effect of
amendment
(12) An order that is amended is subject to
review under this section.
(12) L’ordre modifié par la décision est susceptible de révision conformément au présent
article.
Effet de la
modification
INJUNCTION
INJONCTION
36. (1) If, on the application of the Minister,
it appears to a court of competent jurisdiction
that a person has done or is about to do or is
likely to do an act or thing that constitutes or is
directed toward the commission of an offence
under this Act, the court may issue an injunction ordering the person who is named in the
application to
36. (1) Si, sur demande présentée par le ministre, il conclut à l’existence, l’imminence ou
la probabilité d’un fait constituant une infraction à la présente loi, ou tendant à sa perpétration, le tribunal compétent peut ordonner à la
personne nommée dans la demande :
Court
Pouvoir du
tribunal
a) de s’abstenir de tout acte susceptible, selon lui, de perpétuer le fait ou d’y tendre, selon le cas;
(a) refrain from doing an act or thing that it
appears to the court may constitute or be directed toward the commission of an offence
under this Act; or
b) d’accomplir tout acte susceptible, selon
lui, d’empêcher le fait.
(b) do an act or thing that it appears to the
court may prevent the commission of an offence under this Act.
Notice
(2) No injunction shall be issued under subsection (1) unless 48 hours’ notice is served to
the party or parties who are named in the application or the urgency of the situation is such
that service of notice would not be in the public
interest.
(2) L’injonction est subordonnée à la signification d’un préavis d’au moins quarante-huit
heures à la personne nommée dans la demande,
sauf si la signification du préavis est contraire à
l’intérêt public en raison de l’urgence de la situation.
16
Préavis
Governor in
Council
REGULATIONS
RÈGLEMENTS
37. (1) The Governor in Council may make
regulations for carrying out the purposes and
provisions of this Act, including regulations
37. (1) Le gouverneur en conseil peut, par
règlement, prendre les mesures nécessaires à
l’application de la présente loi et, notamment :
(a) exempting, with or without conditions, a
consumer product or class of consumer products from the application of this Act or the
regulations or a provision of this Act or the
regulations, including exempting consumer
products manufactured in Canada for the
purpose of export or imported solely for the
purpose of export;
a) exempter de l’application de la présente
loi ou des règlements ou de telle de leurs dispositions, avec ou sans conditions, tout produit de consommation ou toute catégorie de
produits de consommation, notamment les
produits de consommation qui sont fabriqués
au Canada en vue de leur exportation ou qui
sont importés au Canada uniquement en vue
de leur exportation;
(b) exempting, with or without conditions, a
class of persons from the application of this
Act or the regulations or a provision of this
Act or the regulations in relation to a consumer product or class of consumer products;
b) exempter de l’application de la présente
loi ou des règlements ou de telle de leurs dispositions, avec ou sans conditions, toute catégorie de personnes relativement à tout produit de consommation ou à toute catégorie de
produits de consommation;
(c) amending Schedule 1 or 2 by adding or
deleting a consumer product or class of consumer products;
c) modifier les annexes 1 ou 2 pour y ajouter
ou en retrancher tout produit de consommation ou toute catégorie de produits de
consommation;
(d) respecting the preparation and maintenance of documents, including by specifying
the documents to be prepared and maintained, where they may be kept and for how
long;
d) régir la tenue de documents, notamment
en précisant les documents à tenir ainsi que
leurs période et lieu de conservation;
(e) specifying the documents that an importer shall provide the Minister with under
subsection 13(5);
e) préciser, pour l’application du paragraphe
13(5), les documents qui doivent être fournis
au ministre;
(f) respecting the manufacturing, importation, packaging, storing, sale, advertising, labelling, testing or transportation of a consumer product or class of consumer
products;
f) régir la fabrication, l’importation, l’emballage, l’entreposage, la vente, l’étiquetage,
la mise à l’essai, le transport ou la publicité
de tout produit de consommation ou de toute
catégorie de produits de consommation;
(g) prohibiting the manufacturing, importation, packaging, storing, sale, advertising, labelling, testing or transportation of a consumer product or class of consumer
products;
g) interdire la fabrication, l’importation,
l’emballage, l’entreposage, la vente, l’étiquetage, la mise à l’essai, le transport ou la publicité de tout produit de consommation ou
de toute catégorie de produits de consommation;
(h) respecting the communication of warnings or other health or safety information to
the public by a person who manufactures,
imports, advertises or sells a consumer product or class of consumer products, including
by way of a product’s label or instructions;
h) régir la communication au public — notamment par le biais de l’étiquette ou des
instructions — d’avertissements ou de tout
autre renseignement en matière de santé ou
de sécurité, par toute personne qui fabrique,
importe ou vend un produit de consommation ou une catégorie de produits de consommation ou en fait la publicité;
(i) respecting the time and manner in which
information, notices and documents are to be
provided or served under this Act;
17
Pouvoir du
gouverneur en
conseil
(j) respecting the designation or recognition
of persons or classes of persons who would
be authorized to certify that a consumer
product or class of consumer products meets
the applicable requirements and respecting
their functions in relation to that certification;
i) régir les modalités de fourniture, de communication, de notification et de signification des renseignements, avis ou documents
sous le régime de la présente loi et les délais
applicables;
j) régir la désignation ou la reconnaissance
de personnes ou de catégories de personnes
qui sont autorisées à certifier la conformité
d’un produit de consommation ou d’une catégorie de produits de consommation aux
exigences applicables et régir leurs fonctions
à cet égard;
(k) respecting the performance of an inspector’s, analyst’s or review officer’s functions
and the circumstances in which an inspector
or a review officer may exercise their powers;
(l) respecting the taking of samples or the
seizure, detention, forfeiture or disposal of
anything under this Act;
k) régir l’exercice des attributions des inspecteurs, analystes et réviseurs et les circonstances de l’exercice des pouvoirs des inspecteurs et des réviseurs;
(m) respecting the recall of a consumer
product or class of consumer products;
l) régir la saisie, la rétention, la confiscation
et la disposition de toute chose ainsi que le
prélèvement d’échantillons au titre de la présente loi;
(n) respecting the measures referred to in
section 32;
(o) respecting the review of orders under
section 35; and
m) régir le rappel de produits de consommation ou de catégories de produits de consommation;
(p) prescribing anything that by this Act is
to be prescribed.
n) régir les mesures visées à l’article 32;
o) régir la révision des ordres prévue à l’article 35;
p) prendre toute mesure d’ordre réglementaire prévue par la présente loi.
Externally
produced
material
Reproduced or
translated
material
(2) A regulation made under this Act may
incorporate by reference documents produced
by a person or body other than the Minister including by
(2) Peut être incorporé par renvoi dans un
règlement tout document produit par un organisme ou une personne autre que le ministre,
notamment :
(a) an organization established for the purpose of writing standards, including an organization accredited by the Standards Council
of Canada;
a) tout organisme de normalisation, entre
autres tout organisme agréé par le Conseil
canadien des normes;
(b) an industrial or trade organization; or
b) toute organisation commerciale ou industrielle;
(c) a government.
c) toute administration.
incorporate by reference documents that the
Minister reproduces or translates from documents produced by a body or person other than
the Minister
règlement tout document qui résulte de la reproduction ou de la traduction, par le ministre,
d’un document produit par une autre personne
ou un organisme et qui comporte, selon le cas :
(a) with any adaptations of form and reference that will facilitate their incorporation
into the regulation; or
a) des adaptations quant à la forme et aux
renvois destinées à en faciliter l’incorporation;
18
Documents
externes
Documents
reproduits ou
traduits
(b) in a form that sets out only the parts of
them that apply for the purposes of the regulation.
b) seulement les passages pertinents pour
l’application du règlement.
Jointly produced
documents
incorporate by reference documents that the
Minister produces jointly with another government for the purpose of harmonizing the regulation with other laws.
règlement tout document produit conjointement
par le ministre et toute autre administration en
vue d’harmoniser le règlement avec d’autres
règles de droit.
Documents
produits
conjointement
Internally
produced
standards
incorporate by reference technical or explanatory documents that the Minister produces, including
règlement tout document technique ou explicatif produit par le ministre, notamment :
Normes
techniques dans
des documents
internes
a) des spécifications, classifications, illustrations ou graphiques ou tout autre renseignement de nature technique;
(a) specifications, classifications, illustrations, graphs or other information of a technical nature; and
b) des méthodes d’essai, procédures ou
normes d’exploitation, de rendement ou de
sécurité, de nature technique.
(b) test methods, procedures, operational
standards, safety standards or performance
standards of a technical nature.
Incorporation as
amended from
time to time
(6) Documents may be incorporated by reference as amended from time to time.
(6) L’incorporation par renvoi peut viser le
document avec ses modifications successives.
Portée de
l’incorporation
For greater
certainty
(7) Subsections (2) to (6) are for greater certainty and do not limit any authority to make
regulations incorporating material by reference
that exists apart from those subsections.
(7) Il est entendu que les paragraphes (2) à
(6) n’ont pas pour objet d’empêcher la prise de
règlements incorporant par renvoi des documents autres que ceux visés à ces paragraphes.
Interprétation
Proposed
regulation to be
laid before
Parliament
38. (1) Before a regulation is made under
paragraph 37(1)(a), (b) or (c), the Minister shall
cause the proposed regulation to be laid before
each House of Parliament.
38. (1) Le ministre fait déposer tout projet
de règlement visé aux alinéas 37(1)a), b) ou c)
devant chaque chambre du Parlement.
Dépôt des
projets de
règlement
Report by
committee —
Senate
(2) The proposed regulation may be referred
to an appropriate committee of the Senate, as
determined by its rules, which may review the
proposed regulation and report its findings to
the Senate.
(2) Le comité compétent, d’après le règlement du Sénat, peut être saisi du projet de règlement, procéder à l’étude de celui-ci et faire
part de ses conclusions au Sénat.
Étude en comité
et rapport —
Sénat
Report by
committee —
House of
Commons
(3) The proposed regulation shall be referred
to the Standing Committee on Health of the
House of Commons or, if there is not a Standing Committee on Health, the appropriate committee of the House of Commons, as determined by its rules, which may review the
proposed regulation and report its findings to
the House of Commons.
(3) Le comité compétent de la Chambre des
communes — le Comité permanent de la santé
ou, à défaut, le comité compétent d’après le règlement de celle-ci — est saisi du projet de règlement et peut procéder à l’étude de celui-ci et
faire part de ses conclusions à cette chambre.
Étude en comité
et rapport —
Chambre des
communes
Making of
regulations
(4) A regulation may not be made before the
earliest of
(4) Le règlement ne peut être pris avant le
premier en date des jours suivants :
Date de prise du
règlement
(a) 30 sitting days after the proposed regulation is laid before both Houses of Parliament,
a) le trentième jour de séance suivant le dépôt;
b) le quatre-vingt dixième jour civil suivant
le dépôt;
19
(b) 90 calendar days after the proposed regulation is laid before both Houses of Parliament, and
c) le lendemain du jour où les comités compétents auront tous deux présenté leur rapport.
(c) the day after each appropriate committee
has reported its findings with respect to the
proposed regulation.
Explanation
(5) The Minister shall take into account any
report of the committee of either House. If a
regulation does not incorporate a recommendation of the committee of either House, the Minister shall cause to be laid before that House a
statement of the reasons for not incorporating
it.
(5) Le ministre tient compte de tout rapport
établi au titre des paragraphes (2) ou (3). S’il
n’est pas donné suite à l’une ou l’autre des recommandations que contient un rapport, le ministre fait déposer à la chambre d’où provient
celui-ci une déclaration motivée à cet égard.
Déclaration
Alteration
(6) A proposed regulation that has been laid
before both Houses of Parliament need not
again be so laid prior to the making of the regulation, whether it has been altered or not.
(6) Il n’est pas nécessaire de faire déposer
de nouveau le projet de règlement même s’il a
subi des modifications.
Modification du
projet de
règlement
Definition of
“sitting day”
(7) For the purpose of subsection (4), “sitting day” means a day on which either House
of Parliament sits.
(7) Pour l’application du paragraphe (4),
« jour de séance » s’entend de tout jour où l’une
ou l’autre chambre siège.
Définition de
« jour de
séance »
Exceptions
39. (1) A regulation may be made without
being laid before either House of Parliament if
the Minister is of the opinion that
39. (1) L’obligation de dépôt ne s’applique
pas si le ministre estime :
Exceptions
a) soit que, le projet de règlement n’apportant pas de modification de fond notable à
des règlements existants, l’article 38 ne devrait pas s’appliquer;
(a) the changes made by the regulation to an
existing regulation are so immaterial or insubstantial that section 38 should not apply
in the circumstances; or
b) soit que la prise du règlement doit se faire
sans délai en vue de protéger la santé ou la
sécurité humaines.
(b) the regulation must be made immediately in order to protect the health or safety of
any person.
(2) If a regulation is made without being laid
before both Houses of Parliament, the Minister
shall cause a statement of his or her reasons to
be laid before each House of Parliament within
the first 30 days on which that House is sitting
after the regulation is made.
(2) Le ministre fait déposer devant chaque
chambre du Parlement, dans les trente premiers
jours de séance de celle-ci suivant la prise du
règlement, une déclaration énonçant les motifs
sur lesquels il se fonde, en application du paragraphe (1), pour ne pas avoir fait déposer le
projet de règlement.
INTERIM ORDERS
ARRÊTÉS D’URGENCE
Regulations
40. (1) The Minister may make an interim
order that contains any provision that may be
contained in a regulation made under this Act if
he or she believes that immediate action is required to deal with a significant danger — direct or indirect — to human health or safety.
40. (1) Le ministre peut prendre un arrêté
d’urgence pouvant comporter les mêmes dispositions qu’un règlement pris en vertu de la présente loi, s’il estime qu’une intervention immédiate est nécessaire afin de parer à un danger
appréciable — direct ou indirect — pour la santé ou la sécurité humaines.
Pouvoirs
réglementaires
Cessation of
effect
(2) An interim order has effect from the time
that it is made but ceases to have effect on the
earliest of
(2) L’arrêté prend effet dès sa prise et cesse
d’avoir effet :
Période de
validité
Notice of
opinion
20
Notification au
Parlement
(a) 14 days after it is made, unless it is approved by the Governor in Council,
a) soit quatorze jours plus tard, sauf agrément du gouverneur en conseil;
(b) the day on which it is repealed,
b) soit le jour de son abrogation;
(c) the day on which a regulation made under this Act that has the same effect as the
interim order comes into force, and
c) soit à l’entrée en vigueur d’un règlement
au même effet pris en vertu de la présente
loi;
(d) one year after the interim order is made
or any shorter period that may be specified in
the interim order.
d) soit au plus tard un an — ou la période
plus courte qui y est précisée — après sa
prise.
Exemption from
Statutory
Instruments Act
(3) An interim order is exempt from the application of sections 3 and 9 of the Statutory Instruments Act.
(3) L’arrêté est soustrait à l’application des
articles 3 et 9 de la Loi sur les textes réglementaires.
Dérogation à la
Loi sur les textes
réglementaires
Deeming
(4) For the purpose of any provision of this
Act other than this section, any reference to
regulations made under this Act is deemed to
include interim orders, and any reference to a
regulation made under a specified provision of
this Act is deemed to include a reference to the
portion of an interim order containing any provision that may be contained in a regulation
made under the specified provision.
(4) Pour l’application des dispositions de la
présente loi — exception faite du présent
article —, la mention des règlements pris en
vertu de la présente loi vaut mention des arrêtés; en cas de renvoi à la disposition habilitante,
elle vaut mention du passage des arrêtés comportant les mêmes dispositions que les règlements pris en vertu de cette disposition.
Présomption
Tabling of order
(5) A copy of each interim order must be
tabled in each House of Parliament within 15
days after it is made.
(5) Une copie de l’arrêté est déposée devant
chaque chambre du Parlement dans les quinze
jours suivant sa prise.
Dépôt devant les
chambres du
Parlement
House not sitting
(6) In order to comply with subsection (5),
the interim order may be sent to the Clerk of
the House if the House is not sitting.
(6) Il suffit, pour se conformer à l’obligation
prévue au paragraphe (5), de communiquer la
copie de l’arrêté au greffier de la chambre dans
le cas où celle-ci ne siège pas.
Communication
au greffier
OFFENCES
INFRACTIONS
41. (1) A person who contravenes a provision of this Act, other than section 8, 10, 11 or
20, a provision of the regulations or an order
made under this Act is guilty of an offence and
is liable
41. (1) La personne qui contrevient à toute
disposition de la présente loi — exception faite
des articles 8, 10, 11 et 20 —, aux règlements
ou à tout ordre donné sous le régime de celle-ci
commet une infraction et encourt, sur déclaration de culpabilité :
Offence
(a) on conviction on indictment, to a fine of
not more than $5,000,000 or to imprisonment for a term of not more than two years
or to both; or
a) par mise en accusation, une amende
maximale de 5 000 000 $ et un emprisonnement maximal de deux ans, ou l’une de ces
peines;
(b) on summary conviction, for a first offence, to a fine of not more than $250,000 or
to imprisonment for a term of not more than
six months or to both and, for a subsequent
offence, to a fine of not more than $500,000
or to imprisonment for a term of not more
than 18 months or to both.
b) par procédure sommaire, pour une première infraction, une amende maximale de
250 000 $ et un emprisonnement maximal de
six mois, ou l’une de ces peines, et, en cas de
récidive, une amende maximale de 500 000 $
et un emprisonnement maximal de dix-huit
mois, ou l’une de ces peines.
21
Infraction
Defence of due
diligence
(2) Due diligence is a defence in a prosecution for an offence under subsection (1).
(2) La prise de précautions voulues peut être
opposée en défense à toute accusation portée au
titre du paragraphe (1).
Précautions
voulues
Offence — fault
(3) A person who contravenes section 8, 10,
11 or 20 or who knowingly or recklessly contravenes another provision of this Act, a provision of the regulations or an order made under
this Act is guilty of an offence and is liable
(3) La personne qui contrevient aux articles
8, 10, 11 ou 20 ou qui contrevient sciemment
ou par insouciance à toute autre disposition de
la présente loi, aux règlements ou à tout ordre
donné sous le régime de celle-ci commet une
infraction et encourt, sur déclaration de culpabilité :
Infraction —
faute
(a) on conviction on indictment, to a fine in
an amount that is at the discretion of the
court or to imprisonment for a term of not
more than five years or to both; or
a) par mise en accusation, une amende dont
le montant est laissé à l’appréciation du tribunal et un emprisonnement maximal de
cinq ans, ou l’une de ces peines;
(b) on summary conviction, for a first offence, to a fine of not more than $500,000 or
to imprisonment for a term of not more than
18 months or to both and, for a subsequent
offence, to a fine of not more than
$1,000,000 or to imprisonment for a term of
not more than two years or to both.
b) par procédure sommaire, pour une première infraction, une amende maximale de
500 000 $ et un emprisonnement maximal de
dix-huit mois, ou l’une de ces peines, et, en
cas de récidive, une amende maximale de
1 000 000 $ et un emprisonnement maximal
de deux ans, ou l’une de ces peines.
Sentencing
considerations
(4) A court that imposes a sentence shall
take into account, in addition to any other principles that it is required to consider, the harm or
risk of harm caused by the commission of the
offence and the vulnerability of individuals
who use the consumer product.
(4) Le tribunal détermine la peine à infliger
compte tenu — en plus des principes qu’il doit
prendre en considération — du dommage ou du
risque de dommage que cause l’infraction et de
la vulnérabilité des individus qui utilisent le
produit de consommation en cause.
Facteurs à
considérer
Offences by
corporate
officers, etc.
42. If a person other than an individual commits an offence under this Act, any of the person’s directors, officers, agents or mandataries
who directed, authorized, assented to, acquiesced in or participated in the commission of
the offence is a party to the offence and is liable on conviction to the punishment provided
for by this Act, even if the person is not prosecuted for the offence.
42. En cas de perpétration d’une infraction à
la présente loi par toute personne autre qu’un
individu, ceux de ses dirigeants, administrateurs ou mandataires qui l’ont ordonnée ou autorisée, ou qui y ont consenti ou participé, sont
considérés comme des coauteurs de l’infraction
et encourent, sur déclaration de culpabilité, la
peine prévue, que la personne ait été ou non
poursuivie.
Participants à
l’infraction
Offences by
employees,
agents or
mandataries
43. In a prosecution for an offence under
this Act, it is sufficient proof of the offence to
establish that it was committed by any employee, agent or mandatary of the accused, even if
the employee, agent or mandatary is not identified or is not prosecuted for the offence.
43. Dans les poursuites pour infraction à la
présente loi, il suffit, pour établir la culpabilité
de l’accusé, de prouver que l’infraction a été
commise par son employé ou mandataire, que
celui-ci soit ou non identifié ou poursuivi.
Employés ou
mandataires
Continuing
offence
44. If an offence under this Act is committed or continued on more than one day, it constitutes a separate offence for each day on
which it is committed or continued.
44. Il est compté une infraction distincte
pour chacun des jours au cours desquels se
commet ou se continue l’infraction à la présente loi.
Infraction
continue
Venue
45. A prosecution for an offence under this
Act may be instituted, heard and determined
45. Les poursuites pour infraction à la présente loi peuvent être intentées, entendues ou
jugées soit au lieu de la perpétration, soit au
Lieu du procès
22
(a) in the place where the offence was committed or the subject-matter of the prosecution arose;
lieu où a pris naissance l’objet de la poursuite,
soit encore au lieu où l’accusé a été appréhendé, se trouve ou exerce ses activités.
(b) where the accused was apprehended; or
(c) where the accused happens to be or is
carrying on business.
Limitation
period
46. Proceedings by way of summary conviction in respect of an offence under this Act may
be instituted at any time within two years after
the time the Minister becomes aware of the acts
or omissions that constitute the alleged offence.
46. Les poursuites pour une infraction à la
présente loi punissable sur déclaration de
culpabilité par procédure sommaire se prescrivent par deux ans à compter de la date où le
ministre a eu connaissance des faits reprochés.
Prescription
Admissibility of
evidence
47. (1) In proceedings for an offence under
this Act, a declaration, certificate, report or other document of the Minister or an inspector, analyst or review officer purporting to have been
signed by that person is admissible in evidence
without proof of the signature or official character of the person appearing to have signed it
and, in the absence of evidence to the contrary,
is proof of the matters asserted in it.
47. (1) Dans les poursuites pour infraction à
la présente loi, la déclaration, le certificat, le
rapport ou tout autre document paraissant signé
par le ministre, l’inspecteur, l’analyste ou le réviseur est admissible en preuve sans qu’il soit
nécessaire de prouver l’authenticité de la signature qui y est apposée ni la qualité officielle du
signataire; sauf preuve contraire, il fait foi de
son contenu.
Admissibilité
Copies and
extracts
(2) In proceedings for an offence under this
Act, a copy of or an extract from any document
that is made by the Minister or an inspector, analyst or review officer that appears to have
been certified under the signature of that person
as a true copy or extract is admissible in evidence without proof of the signature or official
character of the person appearing to have
signed it and, in the absence of evidence to the
contrary, has the same probative force as the
original would have if it were proved in the ordinary way.
(2) De même, la copie ou l’extrait de documents établi par le ministre, l’inspecteur, l’analyste ou le réviseur et paraissant certifié
conforme par lui est admissible en preuve sans
qu’il soit nécessaire de prouver l’authenticité
de la certification ni la qualité officielle du certificateur; sauf preuve contraire, il a la force
probante d’un original dont l’authenticité serait
prouvée de la manière habituelle.
Copies ou
extraits
Presumed date
of issue
(3) A document referred to in this section is,
in the absence of evidence to the contrary, presumed to have been issued on the date that it
bears.
(3) Sauf preuve contraire, les documents visés au présent article sont présumés avoir été
établis à la date qu’ils portent.
Date
Notice
(4) No document referred to in this section
may be received in evidence unless the party
intending to produce it has provided reasonable
notice of that intention on the party against
whom it is intended to be produced together
with a duplicate of the document.
(4) Ils ne sont reçus en preuve que si la partie qui entend les produire contre une autre lui
donne un préavis suffisant, en y joignant une
copie de ceux-ci.
Préavis
Self-incrimination
48. The information and results contained in
the documents that a person provides under an
order made under section 12 may not be used
or received to incriminate the person in any
proceeding against them in respect of an offence under this Act.
48. Les renseignements et résultats contenus
dans tout document qu’une personne communique en conformité avec un ordre donné en
vertu de l’article 12 ne peuvent être utilisés ou
admis pour l’incriminer dans le cadre de poursuites pour infraction à la présente loi intentées
contre elle.
Auto-incrimination
23
Commission of
violation
Regulations
ADMINISTRATIVE MONETARY
PENALTIES
SANCTIONS ADMINISTRATIVES
PÉCUNIAIRES
VIOLATION
VIOLATION
49. Every person who contravenes an order
that is made under section 31 or 32 or reviewed
under section 35 commits a violation and is liable to the penalty established in accordance
with the regulations.
49. Toute contravention à un ordre donné en
vertu des articles 31 ou 32 ou révisé au titre de
l’article 35 constitue une violation pour laquelle le contrevenant s’expose à la sanction
prévue par règlement.
POWERS OF THE GOVERNOR IN COUNCIL AND
MINISTER
POUVOIRS DU GOUVERNEUR EN CONSEIL ET DU
50. (1) The Governor in Council may make
regulations
50. (1) Le gouverneur en conseil peut, par
règlement :
(a) fixing a penalty, or a range of penalties,
in respect of each violation;
a) fixer le montant — notamment par barème — de la sanction applicable à chaque
violation;
MINISTRE
(b) classifying each violation as a minor violation, a serious violation or a very serious
violation;
c) prévoir les critères de majoration ou de
minoration — notamment pour les transactions — de ce montant, ainsi que les modalités et circonstances de cette opération;
d) régir la détermination d’une somme inférieure à la sanction infligée dont le paiement,
dans le délai et selon les modalités réglementaires, vaut règlement.
(d) respecting the determination of a lesser
amount that may be paid as complete satisfaction of a penalty if paid in the prescribed
time and manner.
Notices of
violation
(2) The maximum penalty for a violation is
$5,000 in the case of a violation committed by
a non-profit organization — or by any other
person for non-commercial purposes — and
$25,000 in any other case.
51. The Minister may
(a) designate individuals, or classes of individuals, who are authorized to issue notices
of violation; and
Règlements
b) qualifier les violations, selon le cas, de
mineures, de graves ou de très graves;
(c) respecting the circumstances under
which, the criteria by which and the manner
in which a penalty may be increased or reduced, including a reduction in the amount
that is provided for in a compliance agreement; and
Maximum
penalties
Constitution
d’une violation
(2) Le plafond de la sanction est de 5 000 $
pour toute violation pour laquelle les faits reprochés ont été commis soit par toute organisation à but non lucratif, soit par toute autre personne à des fins non commerciales, et, dans les
autres cas, de 25 000 $.
Plafond de la
sanction
51. Le ministre peut désigner, individuellement ou par catégorie, les agents verbalisateurs
et établir le sommaire caractérisant la violation
dans les procès-verbaux.
Procès-verbaux
(b) establish, in respect of each violation, a
short-form description to be used in notices
of violation.
Issuance of
notice of
violation
PROCEEDINGS
OUVERTURE DE LA PROCÉDURE
52. (1) If a person designated under paragraph 51(a) believes on reasonable grounds
that a person has committed a violation, the
designated person may issue, and shall provide
the person with, a notice of violation that
52. (1) L’agent verbalisateur qui a des motifs raisonnables de croire qu’une violation a
été commise peut dresser un procès-verbal qu’il
fait notifier au contrevenant. Le procès-verbal
mentionne :
24
Verbalisation
(a) sets out the person’s name;
a) le nom du contrevenant;
(b) identifies the alleged violation;
b) les faits reprochés;
(c) sets out the penalty for the violation that
the person is liable to pay;
c) le montant de la sanction à payer;
(d) sets out the particulars concerning the
time and manner of payment; and
e) sous réserve des règlements, la somme inférieure à la sanction infligée dont le paiement, dans le délai et selon les modalités,
vaut règlement.
d) les délai et modalités de paiement;
(e) subject to the regulations, sets out a lesser amount that may be paid as complete satisfaction of the penalty if paid in the prescribed time and manner.
Summary of
rights
Payment
(2) A notice of violation must clearly summarize, in plain language, the rights and obligations under this section and sections 53 to 66 of
the person named in it, including the right to
have the acts or omissions that constitute the alleged violation or the amount of the penalty reviewed and the procedure for requesting that
review.
(2) Figure aussi au procès-verbal en langage
clair un sommaire des droits et obligations du
contrevenant prévus au présent article et aux articles 53 à 66, notamment le droit de contester
les faits reprochés et le montant de la sanction
et la procédure pour le faire.
PENALTIES
SANCTIONS
53. (1) If the person named in the notice
pays, in the prescribed time and manner, the
amount of the penalty or, subject to the regulations, the lesser amount set out in a notice of violation that may be paid in lieu of the penalty,
53. (1) Si le contrevenant paie, dans le délai
et selon les modalités réglementaires, le montant de la sanction — ou, sous réserve des règlements, la somme inférieure prévue au
procès-verbal —, le paiement, que le ministre
accepte en règlement, vaut déclaration de responsabilité à l’égard de la violation et met fin à
la procédure.
Paiement
(2) À défaut d’effectuer le paiement, le
contrevenant peut, dans le délai et selon les modalités réglementaires :
Option
(a) they are deemed to have committed the
violation in respect of which the amount is
paid;
Sommaire des
droits
(b) the Minister shall accept that amount as
complete satisfaction of the penalty; and
(c) the proceedings commenced in respect of
the violation under section 52 are ended.
Alternatives to
payment
(2) Instead of paying the penalty set out in a
notice of violation or, if applicable, the lesser
amount that may be paid in lieu of the penalty,
the person named in the notice may, in the prescribed time and manner,
a) si la sanction est de 5 000 $ ou plus, demander au ministre de conclure une transaction en vue de la bonne observation de
l’ordre en cause;
(a) if the penalty is $5,000 or more, request
to enter into a compliance agreement with
the Minister that ensures the person’s compliance with the order to which the violation
relates; or
b) contester devant le ministre les faits reprochés ou le montant de la sanction.
(b) request a review by the Minister of the
acts or omissions that constitute the alleged
violation or the amount of the penalty.
Deeming
(3) If the person named in the notice of violation does not pay the penalty in the prescribed
(3) Le défaut du contrevenant d’exercer
l’option prévue au paragraphe (2) dans le délai
25
Présomption
Compliance
agreements
time and manner or, if applicable, the lesser
amount that may be paid in lieu of the penalty,
and does not exercise any right referred to in
subsection (2) in the prescribed time and manner, they are deemed to have committed the violation identified in the notice.
et selon les modalités prévus vaut déclaration
de responsabilité à l’égard de la violation.
COMPLIANCE AGREEMENTS
TRANSACTIONS
54. (1) After considering a request under
paragraph 53(2)(a), the Minister may enter into
a compliance agreement, as described in that
paragraph, with the person making the request
on any terms and conditions that are satisfactory to the Minister, which terms and conditions
may
54. (1) Sur demande du contrevenant, le ministre peut conclure une transaction qui, d’une
part, est subordonnée aux conditions qu’il estime indiquées, notamment au dépôt d’une caution raisonnable — dont le montant et la nature
doivent lui agréer — en garantie de l’exécution
de la transaction, et, d’autre part, peut prévoir
la réduction partielle ou totale du montant de la
sanction.
Conclusion
d’une
transaction
(a) include a provision for the giving of reasonable security, in a form and in an amount
satisfactory to the Minister, as a guarantee
that the person will comply with the compliance agreement; and
(b) provide for the reduction, in whole or in
part, of the penalty for the violation.
Deeming
(2) A person who enters into a compliance
agreement with the Minister is, on doing so,
deemed to have committed the violation in respect of which the compliance agreement was
entered into.
(2) La conclusion de la transaction par le
ministre vaut déclaration de responsabilité à
l’égard de la violation.
Présomption
If compliance
agreement
complied with
(3) If the Minister is satisfied that a person
who has entered into a compliance agreement
has complied with it, the Minister shall cause a
notice to that effect to be provided to the person, at which time
(3) La notification au contrevenant d’un avis
du ministre déclarant que celui-ci estime la
transaction exécutée met fin à la procédure; dès
lors, la caution est remise au contrevenant.
Avis
d’exécution
(4) S’il estime la transaction inexécutée, le
ministre fait notifier au contrevenant un avis de
défaut qui l’informe soit qu’il est tenu, dans le
délai et selon les modalités réglementaires, de
payer, au lieu du montant de la sanction infligée initialement et sans qu’il soit tenu compte
du plafond fixé au paragraphe 50(2), le double
de ce montant, soit qu’il y aura confiscation de
la caution au profit de Sa Majesté du chef du
Canada.
Avis de défaut
d’exécution
(a) the proceedings commenced in respect
of the violation under section 52 are ended;
and
(b) any security given by the person under
the compliance agreement shall be returned
to the person.
If compliance
agreement not
complied with
(4) If the Minister is of the opinion that a
person who has entered into a compliance
agreement has not complied with it, the Minister shall cause a notice of default to be provided
to the person to the effect that
(a) instead of the penalty set out in the notice of violation in respect of which the compliance agreement was entered into, the person is liable to pay, in the prescribed time
and manner, twice the amount of that penalty
26
and, for greater certainty, subsection 50(2)
does not apply in respect of that amount; or
(b) the security, if any, given by the person
under the compliance agreement shall be forfeited to Her Majesty in right of Canada.
Effect of notice
of default
(5) Once provided with the notice of default,
the person may not deduct from the amount set
out in the notice any amount they spent under
the compliance agreement and
(a) is liable to pay the amount set out in the
notice; or
(b) if the notice provides for the forfeiture of
the security given under the compliance
agreement, that security is forfeited to Her
Majesty in right of Canada and the proceedings commenced in respect of the violation
under section 52 are ended.
Effect of
payment
(6) If a person pays the amount set out in a
notice of default under subsection (4) in the
prescribed time and manner,
(5) Sur notification de l’avis, le contrevenant perd tout droit de déduire de la somme due
les sommes exposées dans le cadre de la transaction. Aux termes de l’avis, il est tenu de
payer la somme qui y est prévue, ou la confiscation de la caution s’opère au profit de Sa Majesté du chef du Canada, ce qui met fin à la procédure.
Effet de
l’inexécution
(6) Le paiement, que le ministre accepte en
règlement, met fin à la procédure.
Paiement
(a) the Minister shall accept the amount as
complete satisfaction of the amount owing;
and
(b) the proceedings commenced in respect
of the violation under section 52 are ended.
Refusal to enter
into compliance
agreement
55. (1) If the Minister refuses to enter into a
compliance agreement pursuant to a request under paragraph 53(2)(a), the person who made
the request is liable to pay the amount of the
penalty in the prescribed time and manner.
55. (1) Si le ministre refuse de transiger, le
contrevenant est tenu, dans le délai et selon les
modalités réglementaires, de payer le montant
de la sanction infligée initialement.
Refus de
transiger
Effect of
payment
(2) If a person pays the amount referred to
in subsection (1),
règlement, vaut déclaration de responsabilité à
l’égard de la violation et met fin à la procédure.
Paiement
(3) Le défaut de paiement dans le délai et
selon les modalités prévus vaut déclaration de
responsabilité à l’égard de la violation.
Présomption
(a) they are deemed to have committed the
violation in respect of which the payment is
made;
(b) the Minister shall accept the amount as
(c) the proceedings commenced in respect of
the violation under section 52 are ended.
Deeming
(3) If a person does not pay the amount referred to in subsection (1) in the prescribed
time and manner, they are deemed to have
committed the violation identified in the notice
of violation.
27
REVIEW BY THE MINISTER
CONTESTATION DEVANT LE MINISTRE
Review — with
respect to facts
56. (1) On completion of a review requested under paragraph 53(2)(b) with respect to the
acts or omissions that constitute the alleged violation, the Minister shall determine whether
the person requesting the review committed the
violation. If the Minister determines that the
person committed the violation but that the
amount of the penalty was not established in
accordance with the regulations, the Minister
shall correct the amount and cause a notice of
any decision under this subsection to be provided to the person who requested the review.
56. (1) Saisi au titre de l’alinéa 53(2)b)
d’une contestation relative aux faits reprochés,
le ministre détermine si le contrevenant est responsable. S’il conclut que le contrevenant a
commis une violation, mais juge que le montant de la sanction n’a pas été établi en conformité avec les règlements, il y substitue le montant qu’il estime conforme. Il fait notifier sa
décision au contrevenant.
Décision —
contestation
relative aux faits
reprochés
Review — with
respect to
penalty
(2) On completion of a review requested under paragraph 53(2)(b), with respect to the
amount of the penalty, if the Minister determines that the amount of the penalty was not
established in accordance with the regulations,
the Minister shall correct the amount and cause
a notice of any decision under this subsection
to be provided to the person who requested the
review.
(2) Saisi au titre de l’alinéa 53(2)b) d’une
contestation relative au montant de la sanction,
le ministre vérifie si celui-ci a été établi en
conformité avec les règlements et, sinon, y substitue le montant qu’il estime conforme. Il fait
notifier sa décision au contrevenant.
Décision —
contestation
relative au
montant de la
sanction
Payment
(3) If the Minister determines under subsection (1) that a person committed a violation, the
person is liable to pay the amount of the penalty confirmed or corrected in that decision in the
prescribed time and manner.
(3) Le contrevenant est tenu, dans le délai et
selon les modalités réglementaires, de payer la
somme prévue dans la décision.
Obligation de
payer
Effect of
payment
(4) If a person pays the amount referred to
in subsection (3),
règlement, met fin à la procédure.
Paiement
(5) The Minister is to consider only written
evidence and written submissions in determining whether a person committed a violation or
whether a penalty was established in accordance with the regulations.
(5) Le ministre ne tient compte que des éléments de preuve et des arguments écrits lorsqu’il détermine la responsabilité du contrevenant ou vérifie si le montant de la sanction a été
établi en conformité avec les règlements.
Éléments de
preuve et
arguments écrits
ENFORCEMENT
EXÉCUTION DES SANCTIONS
57. (1) The following amounts constitute
debts due to Her Majesty in right of Canada
that may be recovered as such in the Federal
Court:
57. (1) Constituent une créance de Sa Majesté du chef du Canada, dont le recouvrement
peut être poursuivi à ce titre devant la Cour fédérale :
(a) the amount of a penalty, from the time
the notice of violation setting out the penalty
is provided;
a) le montant de la sanction, à compter de la
date de notification du procès-verbal;
(a) the Minister shall accept the amount as
(b) the proceedings commenced in respect
of the violation under section 52 are ended.
Written evidence
and submissions
Debts to Her
Majesty
b) toute somme prévue dans une transaction
conclue au titre du paragraphe 54(1), à
compter de la date de la conclusion;
(b) every amount set out in a compliance
agreement entered into with the Minister un-
28
Créance de Sa
Majesté
der subsection 54(1), from the time the compliance agreement is entered into;
c) la somme prévue dans l’avis de défaut notifié au titre du paragraphe 54(4), à compter
de la date de la notification;
(c) the amount set out in a notice of default
referred to in subsection 54(4), from the time
the notice is provided;
d) la somme prévue dans la décision du ministre notifiée au titre des paragraphes 56(1)
ou (2), à compter de la date de la notification;
(d) the amount of a penalty as set out in a
decision of the Minister under subsection
56(1) or (2), from the time the notice under
that subsection is provided; and
e) le montant des frais raisonnables visés à
l’article 64, à compter de la date où ils ont
été faits.
(e) the amount of any reasonable expenses
incurred under section 64, from the date they
are incurred.
Time limit
(2) No proceedings to recover a debt referred to in subsection (1) may be commenced
later than five years after the debt became
payable.
(2) Le recouvrement de la créance se prescrit par cinq ans à compter de la date à laquelle
elle est devenue exigible aux termes du paragraphe (1).
Prescription
Debt final
(3) A debt referred to in subsection (1) is final and not subject to review or to be restrained, prohibited, removed, set aside or otherwise dealt with except to the extent and in the
manner provided by sections 53 to 56.
(3) La créance est définitive et n’est susceptible de contestation ou de révision que dans la
mesure et selon les modalités prévues aux articles 53 à 56.
Conditions de
révision
Certificate of
default
58. (1) Any debt referred to in subsection
57(1) in respect of which there is a default of
payment, or the part of any such debt that has
not been paid, may be certified by the Minister.
58. (1) Le ministre peut établir un certificat
de non-paiement pour la partie impayée des
créances visées au paragraphe 57(1).
Certificat de
non-paiement
Judgments
(2) On production to the Federal Court, the
certificate shall be registered in that Court and,
when registered, has the same force and effect,
and all proceedings may be taken on the certificate, as if it were a judgment obtained in that
Court for a debt of the amount specified in it
and all reasonable costs and charges associated
with the registration of the certificate.
(2) L’enregistrement à la Cour fédérale
confère au certificat la valeur d’un jugement de
cette juridiction pour la somme visée et les frais
afférents.
Enregistrement à
la Cour fédérale
RULES OF LAW ABOUT VIOLATIONS
RÈGLES PROPRES AUX VIOLATIONS
59. (1) A person named in a notice of violation does not have a defence by reason that the
person
59. (1) Le contrevenant ne peut invoquer en
défense le fait qu’il a pris les précautions voulues pour empêcher la violation ou qu’il croyait
raisonnablement et en toute honnêteté à l’existence de faits qui, avérés, l’exonéreraient.
Exclusion de
certains moyens
de défense
(2) Les règles et principes de la common
law qui font d’une circonstance une justification ou une excuse dans le cadre d’une poursuite pour infraction à la présente loi s’appliquent à l’égard d’une violation sauf dans la
Principes de la
common law
Certain defences
not available
(a) exercised due diligence to prevent the violation; or
(b) reasonably and honestly believed in the
existence of facts that, if true, would exonerate the person.
Common law
principles
(2) Every rule and principle of the common
law that renders any circumstance a justification or excuse in relation to a charge for an offence under this Act applies in respect of a vio-
29
lation to the extent that it is not inconsistent
with this Act.
mesure où ils sont incompatibles avec la présente loi.
Burden of proof
60. In every case where the facts of a violation are reviewed by the Minister, he or she
must determine, on a balance of probabilities,
whether the person named in the notice of violation committed the violation identified in the
notice.
60. En cas de contestation devant le ministre, portant sur les faits, il appartient à celuici de déterminer, selon la prépondérance des
probabilités, si le contrevenant est responsable.
Charge de la
preuve
Violation by
corporate
officers, etc.
61. If a person other than an individual commits a violation under this Act, any of the person’s directors, officers, agents or mandataries
who directed, authorized, assented to, acquiesced in or participated in the commission of
the violation is a party to and liable for the violation whether or not the person who actually
committed the violation is proceeded against in
accordance with this Act.
61. En cas de perpétration d’une violation
par toute personne autre qu’un individu, ceux
de ses dirigeants, administrateurs ou mandataires qui l’ont ordonnée ou autorisée, ou qui y
ont consenti ou participé, sont considérés
comme des coauteurs de la violation, que la
personne fasse ou non l’objet d’une procédure
en violation engagée au titre de la présente loi.
Participants à la
violation
Vicarious
liability — acts
of employees
and agents
62. A person is liable for a violation that is
committed by any employee, agent or mandatary of the person acting in the course of the
employee’s employment or the scope of the
agent or mandatary’s authority, whether or not
the employee, agent or mandatary who actually
committed the violation is identified or proceeded against in accordance with this Act.
62. L’employeur ou le mandant est responsable de la violation commise, dans le cadre de
son emploi ou du mandat, par un employé ou
un mandataire, que l’auteur de la contravention
soit ou non connu ou fasse ou non l’objet d’une
procédure en violation engagée au titre de la
présente loi.
Responsabilité
indirecte :
employeurs et
mandants
Continuing
violation
63. A violation that is continued on more
than one day constitutes a separate violation in
respect of each day on which it is continued.
63. Il est compté une violation distincte pour
chacun des jours au cours desquels se continue
la violation.
Violation
continue
Forfeiture
64. Anything seized under this Act that is
the subject of a violation is, at Her election, immediately forfeited to Her Majesty in right of
Canada and may be disposed of, at the expense
of its owner or the person who was entitled to
possess it at the time of its seizure, if
64. Il y a confiscation au profit de Sa Majesté du chef du Canada — si elle en décide ainsi
— de tout objet faisant l’objet d’une violation
qui est saisi au titre de la présente loi dès lors
que le contrevenant est déclaré ou réputé être
responsable de la violation; il en est alors disposé, aux frais du propriétaire ou de la personne qui avait droit à sa possession au moment de la saisie.
Confiscation
(a) the person is deemed by this Act to have
committed the violation; or
(b) the Minister, on the basis of a review under this Act, has determined that the person
has committed the violation.
Evidence
OTHER PROVISIONS
AUTRES DISPOSITIONS
65. In any proceeding for a violation or for a
prosecution for an offence, a notice of violation
purporting to be issued pursuant to this Act is
admissible in evidence without proof of the signature or official character of the person appearing to have signed the notice of violation.
65. Dans les procédures en violation ou les
poursuites pour infraction, le procès-verbal paraissant délivré en application de la présente loi
est admissible en preuve sans qu’il soit nécessaire de prouver l’authenticité de la signature ni
la qualité officielle du signataire.
30
Admissibilité du
procès-verbal de
violation
66. No proceedings in respect of a violation
may be commenced later than six months after
the Minister becomes aware of the acts or
omissions that constitute the alleged violation.
66. Les procédures en violation se prescrivent par six mois à compter de la date où le
ministre a eu connaissance des faits reprochés.
GENERAL PROVISIONS
DISPOSITIONS GÉNÉRALES
Committee
67. (1) The Minister shall establish a committee to provide him or her with advice on
matters in connection with the administration
of this Act, including the labelling of consumer
products.
67. (1) Le ministre constitue un comité
chargé de lui donner des conseils sur toute
question relative à l’application de la présente
loi, notamment l’étiquetage des produits de
consommation.
Consultation —
comité
Advice available
to public
(2) The committee shall make available to
the public the advice it provided to the Minister.
(2) Le comité rend publics les conseils donnés au ministre.
Publication
Remuneration
and travel and
living expenses
(3) Committee members may be paid remuneration up to the amount that is fixed by the
Governor in Council and are entitled to the reasonable travel and living expenses that they incur while performing their duties away from
their ordinary place of residence.
(3) Les membres du comité peuvent être rémunérés jusqu’à concurrence de la somme que
fixe le gouverneur en conseil; ils ont le droit
d’être indemnisés des frais de déplacement et
de séjour entraînés par l’exercice de leurs fonctions hors de leur lieu de résidence habituelle.
Rémunération et
indemnités
Statutory
Instruments Act
68. For greater certainty, orders made under
this Act, except under section 40, are not statutory instruments within the meaning of the
Statutory Instruments Act.
68. Il est entendu que les ordres donnés sous
le régime de la présente loi ne sont pas des
textes réglementaires au sens de la Loi sur les
textes réglementaires.
Loi sur les textes
réglementaires
How act or
omission may be
proceeded with
69. If an act or omission can be proceeded
with either as a violation or as an offence, proceeding in one manner precludes proceeding in
the other.
69. S’agissant d’un acte ou d’une omission
qualifiable à la fois de violation et d’infraction,
la procédure en violation et la procédure pénale
s’excluent l’une l’autre.
Cumul interdit
Certification by
Minister
70. A document appearing to have been issued by the Minister, certifying the day on
which the acts or omissions that constitute the
alleged offence or violation became known to
the Minister, is admissible in evidence without
proof of the signature or official character of
the person appearing to have signed the document and, in the absence of evidence to the
contrary, is proof that the Minister became
aware of the acts or omissions on that day.
70. Tout document paraissant établi par le
ministre et attestant la date où les faits reprochés sont parvenus à sa connaissance fait foi de
cette date, sauf preuve contraire, sans qu’il soit
nécessaire de prouver l’authenticité de la signature qui y est apposée ni la qualité officielle du
signataire.
Attestation du
ministre
Publication of
information
about contraventions
71. The Minister may publish information
about any contravention of this Act or the regulations, or any violation referred to in section
49, for the purpose of encouraging compliance
with this Act and the regulations.
71. Le ministre peut publier des renseignements concernant toute contravention à la présente loi ou aux règlements ou toute violation
visée à l’article 49, et ce, afin d’encourager le
respect de la présente loi et des règlements.
Publication de
renseignements
concernant des
contraventions
CONSEQUENTIAL AMENDMENTS TO
THE HAZARDOUS PRODUCTS ACT
MODIFICATIONS CORRÉLATIVES À
LA LOI SUR LES PRODUITS
DANGEREUX
Time limit
72. [Amendments]
72. [Modifications]
73. [Amendment]
73. [Modification]
31
Prescription
Order in council
74. [Amendment]
74. [Modification]
75. [Amendment]
75. [Modification]
COMING INTO FORCE
ENTRÉE EN VIGUEUR
76. The provisions of this Act come into
force on a day or days to be fixed by order of
the Governor in Council.
76. Les dispositions de la présente loi
entrent en vigueur à la date ou aux dates
fixées par décret.
*
[Note: Act in force June 20, 2011, see SI/2011-12.]
*
*
*
[Note : Loi en vigueur le 20 juin 2011, voir TR/
2011-12.]
32
Décret
SCHEDULE 1
(Subsection 4(1) and paragraph 37(1)(c))
ANNEXE 1
(paragraphe 4(1) et alinéa 37(1)c))
1. Explosives within the meaning of section 2 of the Explosives
Act.
1. Explosif au sens de l’article 2 de la Loi sur les explosifs.
2. Cosmetics within the meaning of section 2 of the Food and
Drugs Act.
2. Cosmétique au sens de l’article 2 de la Loi sur les aliments et
drogues.
3. Devices within the meaning of section 2 of the Food and
Drugs Act.
3. Instrument au sens de l’article 2 de la Loi sur les aliments et
drogues.
4. Drugs within the meaning of section 2 of the Food and Drugs
Act.
4. Drogue au sens de l’article 2 de la Loi sur les aliments et
drogues.
5. Food within the meaning of section 2 of the Food and Drugs
Act.
5. Aliment au sens de l’article 2 de la Loi sur les aliments et
drogues.
6. Pest control products within the meaning of subsection 2(1) of
the Pest Control Products Act.
6. Produit antiparasitaire au sens du paragraphe 2(1) de la Loi sur
les produits antiparasitaires.
7. Vehicles within the meaning of section 2 of the Motor Vehicle
Safety Act and a part of a vehicle that is integral to it — as it is
assembled or altered before its sale to the first retail purchaser
— including a part of a vehicle that replaces or alters such a
part.
7. Véhicule au sens de l’article 2 de la Loi sur la sécurité automobile et toute pièce en faisant partie intégrante dans l’état où il
est assemblé ou modifié avant sa vente au premier usager, y
compris la pièce qui la remplace ou la modifie.
8. Feeds within the meaning of section 2 of the Feeds Act.
8. Aliments au sens de l’article 2 de la Loi relative aux aliments
du bétail.
9. Fertilizers within the meaning of section 2 of the Fertilizers
Act.
9. Engrais au sens de l’article 2 de la Loi sur les engrais.
10. Vessels within the meaning of section 2 of the Canada Shipping Act, 2001.
10. Bâtiment au sens de l’article 2 de la Loi de 2001 sur la marine
marchande du Canada.
11. Firearms within the meaning of section 2 of the Criminal Code.
11. Arme à feu au sens de l’article 2 du Code criminel.
12. Ammunition within the meaning of subsection 84(1) of the
Criminal Code.
12. Munitions au sens du paragraphe 84(1) du Code criminel.
13. Cartridge magazines within the meaning of subsection 84(1) of
the Criminal Code.
13. Chargeur au sens du paragraphe 84(1) du Code criminel.
14. Cross-bows within the meaning of subsection 84(1) of the
Criminal Code.
14. Arbalète au sens du paragraphe 84(1) du Code criminel.
15. Prohibited devices within the meaning of paragraphs (a) to (d)
of the definition “prohibited device” in subsection 84(1) of the
Criminal Code.
15. Dispositif prohibé au sens des alinéas a) à d) de la définition de
ce terme au paragraphe 84(1) du Code criminel.
16. Plants within the meaning of section 3 of the Plant Protection
Act, except for Jequirity beans (abrus precatorius).
16. Végétal au sens de l’article 3 de la Loi sur la protection des végétaux, à l’exception des graines de jequirity (abrus
precatorius).
17. Seeds within the meaning of section 2 of the Seeds Act, except
for Jequirity beans (abrus precatorius).
17. Semences au sens de l’article 2 de la Loi sur les semences, à
l’exception des graines de jequirity (abrus precatorius).
18. Controlled substances within the meaning of subsection 2(1) of
the Controlled Drugs and Substances Act.
18. Substance désignée au sens du paragraphe 2(1) de la Loi réglementant certaines drogues et autres substances.
19. Aeronautical products within the meaning of subsection 3(1) of
the Aeronautics Act.
19. Produits aéronautiques au sens du paragraphe 3(1) de la Loi sur
l’aéronautique.
33
20. Animals within the meaning of subsection 2(1) of the Health of
Animals Act.
20. Animal au sens du paragraphe 2(1) de la Loi sur la santé des
animaux.
34
SCHEDULE 2
(Section 5 and paragraph 37(1)(c))
ANNEXE 2
(article 5 et alinéa 37(1)c))
1. Jequirity beans (abrus precatorius) or any substance or article
that is made from or that includes jequirity beans in whole or in
part.
1. Graines de jequirity (abrus precatorius) ou substances ou articles provenant de tout ou partie de ces graines ou en contenant, en tout ou en partie.
2. Spectacle frames that, in whole or in part, are made of or contain cellulose nitrate.
2. Montures de lunettes entièrement ou partiellement constituées
de nitrate de cellulose.
3. Baby walkers that are mounted on wheels or on any other device permitting movement of the walker and that have an enclosed area supporting the baby in a sitting or standing position
so that their feet touch the floor, thereby enabling the horizontal movement of the walker.
3. Marchette pour bébés qui est montée sur des roues ou d’autres
objets en permettant le déplacement et qui comporte une enceinte maintenant le bébé en position assise ou debout, de sorte
que ses pieds puissent toucher le sol et ainsi déplacer horizontalement la marchette.
4. Products for babies, including teethers, pacifiers and baby bottle nipples, that are put in the mouth when used and that contain a filling that has in it a viable micro-organism.
4. Produits pour bébés, y compris jouets de dentition, sucettes et
tétines de biberon, qui sont portés à la bouche lors de leur utilisation et dont le remplissage renferme un micro-organisme
viable.
5. Structural devices that position feeding bottles to allow babies
to feed themselves from the bottle while unattended.
5. Dispositifs d’appui des biberons permettant aux bébés de se
nourrir sans surveillance.
6. Disposable metal containers that contain a pressurizing fluid
composed in whole or in part of vinyl chloride and that are designed to release pressurized contents by the use of a manually
operated valve that forms an integral part of the container.
6. Contenants métalliques jetables qui contiennent un liquide sous
pression, composé en tout ou en partie de chlorure de vinyle, et
qui sont conçus pour permettre de libérer le contenu sous pression au moyen d’une valve actionnée à la main et faisant partie
intégrante du contenant.
7. Liquids that contain polychlorinated biphenyls for use in microscopy, including immersion oils but not including refractive
index oils.
7. Liquides pour usage en microscopie qui contiennent des polychlorobiphényles, y compris des huiles à immersion mais à
l’exclusion des huiles à indice de réfraction.
8. Kites any part of which is made of uninsulated metal that is
separated from adjacent conductive areas by a non-conductive
area of less than 50 mm and that either
8. Cerfs-volants contenant du métal non isolé qui est séparé des
surfaces conductrices adjacentes par une surface non conductrice inférieure à 50 mm et qui satisfait à l’un des critères suivants :
(a) has a maximum linear dimension in excess of 150 mm, or
a) sa dimension linéaire maximale est supérieure à 150 mm;
(b) is plated or otherwise coated with a conductive film whose
maximum linear dimension exceeds 150 mm.
9. b) il est plaqué ou couvert d’une pellicule conductrice dont la
dimension linéaire maximale est supérieure à 150 mm.
9. Kite strings made of a material that conducts electricity.
Cordes de cerf-volant qui sont en matériaux conducteurs de
l’électricité.
10. Products made in whole or in part of textile fibres, intended for
use as wearing apparel, that are treated with or contain tris (2,3
dibromopropyl) phosphate as a single substance or as part of a
chemical compound.
10. Produits contenant des fibres textiles, qui doivent servir de vêtements et qui sont traités au tris (2,3 dibromopropyle) phosphate, à l’état pur ou compris dans un composé chimique, ou
qui en contiennent.
11. Any substance that is used to induce sneezing, whether or not
called “sneezing powder”, and that contains
11. Substance utilisée pour faire éternuer qui peut être dénommée
« poudre à éternuer » et qui contient l’un des éléments suivants :
(a) 3,3′-dimethoxybenzidine
biphenyl) or any of its salts;
(4,4′-diamino-3,3′-dimethoxy-
a) du 3,3′-diméthoxybenzidine (4,4′-diamino-3,3′-diméthoxybiphényl) ou l’un de ses sels;
(b) a plant product derived from the genera Helleborus (hellebore), Veratrum album (white hellebore) or Quillaia (Panama
Wood);
b) un produit dérivé d’une plante appartenant aux espèces
Helleborus (ellébore), Vératrum album (vératre blanc) ou
Quillaia (bois de Panama);
(c) protoveratrine or veratrine; or
c) de la protovératrine ou de la vératrine;
(d) any isomer of nitrobenzaldehyde.
d) un isomère de nitrobenzaldéhyde.
35
12. Cutting oils and cutting fluids, that are for use in lubricating
and cooling the cutting area in machining operations, and that
contain more than 50 µg/g of any nitrite, when monoetha-nolamine, diethanolamine or triethanolamine is also present.
12. Huiles et fluides de coupe servant à lubrifier et à refroidir la
surface à couper dans les opérations d’usinage et contenant, en
plus de la mono-éthanolamine, du di-éthanolamine ou du triéthanolamine, plus de 50 µg/g de nitrite.
13. Urea formaldehyde-based thermal insulation, foamed in place,
used to insulate buildings.
13. Isolant thermique à base d’urée formaldéhyde, expansé sur
place, servant à isoler les bâtiments.
14. Lawn darts with elongated tips.
14. Fléchettes de pelouse à bout allongé.
15. Polycarbonate baby bottles that contain 4,4′-isopropylidenediphenol (bisphenol A).
15. Biberons de polycarbonate qui contiennent du 4,4′-isopropylidènediphénol (bisphénol A).
36
THE CANADA CONSUMER
The New Reality
FIRM PROFILE
An overview of Stikeman Elliott’s Toronto Litigation Group and the
Ottawa office Federal Regulatory focus
Firm Profile
Stikeman Elliott LLP is one of Canada's leading business law firms, with offices in Toronto, Montreal,
Ottawa, Calgary and Vancouver as well as in London, New York and Sydney. The firm is recognized
as a Canadian leader in each of its core practice areas – corporate finance, M&A, corporatecommercial law, banking, structured finance, real estate, tax, insolvency, competition/antitrust,
employment and business litigation – and is regularly retained by domestic and international
companies in a wide range of industries including financial services, insurance, technology,
telecommunication, transportation, manufacturing, mining,
energy, infrastructure and retail. It was named as the 2011
“We wouldn’t get business
Canadian Law Firm of the Year by the International Financial
done without them.
Law Review.
They’re that good.”
The firm’s Canadian offices are leaders in their respective
- IFLR1000
jurisdictions and it has prominent cross-border expertise, as
the first Canadian firm to open offices in London and New
Client Interview
York, and extensive experience in the U.S., Europe, China,
South and Southeast Asia as well as in Latin America, the Caribbean and Africa. Our 500 lawyers
include many of Canada’s most prominent business practitioners and leading litigators, and our depth
across practice areas enables clients to benefit from efficient, expert teams of lawyers at all levels.
The firm has also invested heavily in leading-edge knowledge management and project management
systems in order to assure our clients of advice of the highest quality.
Stikeman Elliott has been recognized by national and international legal directories as a Canadian
leader in business law.
 #1 for Lexpert/American Lawyer ranked lawyers in M&A, Corporate Finance and CorporateCommercial
 #1 for Lexpert ranked lawyers in M&A, Corporate Finance and Corporate-Commercial
 #1 in the Best Lawyers rankings for M&A, Securities, Corporate Law and Arbitration
 Ranked Top-Tier in Corporate Law, M&A and Corporate Finance in Chambers Global’s The
World’s Leading Lawyers and the International Financial Law Review IFLR 1000
The firm’s National Litigation Group, whose specializations include class actions, securities litigation,
antitrust and restructurings, has been ranked among the top three business litigation practices in
Canada by Lexpert. The firm is also well known for its extensive regulatory and government relations
expertise; the latter anchored by its office in Ottawa.
Stikeman Elliott was named as one of Canada’s 50 Best Employers in 2010 and 2011 (as selected by
Aon Hewitt), one of Canada’s Top 100 Employers from 2009-2011, one of Canada's Best Diversity
Employers and Best Employers for New Canadians for 2010 (each as selected by Mediacorp) and as
one of Canada’s “Green 30” environmentally-friendly employers (as selected by Hewitt Associates, in
partnership with Maclean’s and Canadian Business magazines). The firm was the first national
Canadian law firm to be certified as carbon neutral, as of 2008.
-2-
Our Offices
Stikeman Elliott’s Canadian offices are located in the major business and financial centres of Montréal,
Toronto, Ottawa, Calgary, and Vancouver. Outside Canada, the firm’s network includes offices or
representation in the United Kingdom, the United States and the Asia-Pacific region. Our unsurpassed
international experience ensures that we can serve our clients wherever their business takes them.
Toronto
The Toronto office of Stikeman Elliott is a broadly based corporate-commercial law practice with a strong
transactional focus. The firm’s Toronto lawyers include many of Canada’s foremost practitioners in the
areas of M&A, securities, banking, structured finance, insolvency, tax, real estate, competition,
employment, pensions, technology, outsourcing, mining and electricity law. The Toronto business litigation
group is highly regarded for its record in commercial litigation, most notably securities litigation, class
action defence and complex insolvencies and restructurings. The office is renowned for its expertise in
cross-border transactional and litigation work and counts many major global corporations and financial
institutions among its clients. The Toronto office has been recognized by local media as a top regional
employer and one of the city’s most environmentally-sustainable businesses.
Ottawa
The Ottawa office of Stikeman Elliott focuses on administrative law and regulated industries, with particular
emphasis on competition law, intellectual property law, international trade, government procurement and
public policy. Industry sectors in which the office has expertise include such federally-regulated
commercial sectors as telecommunications, broadcasting, transportation, and energy, as well as those
(such as packaging and labelling) that are subject to food and drug administration.
-3Montréal
The firm’s Montréal office is one of the most successful and respected in the city. Its practice is focused on
M&A, securities, banking, cross-border financial restructuring, international tax and commodity
transactions, real estate, environmental law, intellectual property, information technology, transportation,
insurance and employment law. The Montréal litigation group is widely recognized as one of the leading
business law litigation teams in Quebec. Stikeman Elliott’s expertise in civil law and commercial
transactions is particularly significant where an organization has operations in Quebec or in other
jurisdictions with codified civil law-based legal systems, such as Central and Eastern Europe and South
America. Much of the work carried out in the Montréal office has a strong international focus.
Calgary
Our Calgary office, with currently more than 50 legal personnel, is home to some of Alberta’s leading
lawyers. The Calgary office opened in 1992 and maintains a business law practice focused on M&A,
securities, real estate, joint ventures, project financings, structured financings, tax, employment and
banking. The office also has a significant international dimension, advising on foreign investment in the
Canadian energy sector and cross-border trade in energy resources. In addition, the office maintains a
commercial litigation practice and is renowned for its regulatory practice involving oil and gas and
electricity related matters. The Calgary office has recently won two awards for its active role in the
community.
Vancouver
With over 23 years in the city, our Vancouver practice includes a number of British Columbia’s leading
lawyers in the areas of M&A, securities, banking, litigation and real estate. Our corporate lawyers lead
local matters and draw on expertise of other Stikeman Elliott offices in national and international matters.
We have one of British Columbia's most prominent real estate development and acquisition practices,
while our Litigation Group has acted for all levels of government and offers a broad range of commercial
dispute resolution and advocacy services, including significant class action expertise. A very experienced
group of lawyers also practice in the areas of public-private partnerships, infrastructure development and
project finance. The Vancouver office has a strong cross-border focus, acting as the firm’s Canadian
gateway to the Asia-Pacific region.
London
Drawing on over 40 years of experience in the city, Stikeman Elliott's London office has long been
recognized for its leadership in international corporate transactions, including leveraged buy-outs, takeover bids and share and asset purchases. Our London corporate finance team is a leading advisor to
Canadian companies with respect to Toronto Stock Exchange and AIM listings and has been recognized
for many years as one of the most prominent international advisors in the Eurobond markets. We have
also been at the forefront of developing the legal framework for the issuance of Maple Bonds in Canada.
Our lawyers have broad industry expertise, as well as significant experience in Africa, in the mining sector.
The office also serves as the gateway for our India, Middle East and Sovereign Wealth Fund practices. As
well, our private client practice ranks amongst the world’s leading practices in the area.
New York
The New York office of Stikeman Elliott has extensive experience in Canada-U.S. cross-border corporate
transactions, with a particular focus on M&A, corporate finance, banking and structured finance. The firm’s
New York lawyers provide Canadian legal advice on cross-border acquisitions, investments, banking,
securities and regulatory matters to U.S. corporations, investment dealers, advisors, banks and funds.
Sydney
Stikeman Elliott’s Sydney office, the hub of our Asia-Pacific practice, is involved in multi-jurisdictional
securities and M&A law with a sectoral emphasis on mining, cross border M&A, infrastructure
development and project finance.
-4Asia
Stikeman Elliott regularly acts in transactions involving clients across Asia, including, in particular, India,
China, Hong Kong, Thailand and the Middle East. Reflecting the position of Canada as a target for a
rapidly expanding Asian region and as a significant source of capital, the firm provides advice on a large
number of significant transactions from Asia into Canada, as well as advising on Canadian investment into
Asia. The firm has a particularly high profile in resource-sector transactions and is involved in the vast
majority of IPOs originating in Asia that involve placements into Canada.
-5-
Litigation
A Canadian Leader in Business Law Litigation
The National Litigation Group at Stikeman Elliott has earned a reputation as a market leader in
Canada’s largest business centres. Members of the group regularly act on a wide range of litigation
relating to commercial contracts, class actions, securities, tax, competition/antitrust, product liability,
intellectual property and allegations of unfair competition, professional negligence, directors’ and
officers’ liability – including breach of fiduciary duty,
defamation, insurance, energy, real estate, insolvency,
“Diligent lawyers who
transportation (aviation, marine and rail), fraud,
spend their time
construction, employment, human rights, environmental
understanding the
and regulatory and constitutional matters.
Recognition for Our Work
Stikeman Elliott’s National Litigation Group is rated among
Canada’s top-tier business litigation practices by domestic
and international legal directories:
situation and issues of the
client thoroughly.”
Chambers Global 2011
Client Interview
 The firm acted on 4 of the Top 10 Business Cases in
Canada for 2009, as selected by Lexpert, more than any other firm.
 Ten litigators (representing its Toronto, Montréal and Calgary offices) were cited in the
prestigious Lexpert/American Lawyer Guide to the 500 Leading Lawyers in Canada in the areas
of Arbitration, Class Actions, Competition, Corporate Commercial, Corporate Tax, Directors’ and
Officers’ Liability, Energy (Electricity Regulatory), Insolvency & Financial Restructuring and
Securities Litigation.
 Ten lawyers are cited in Lexpert's Guide to the Leading U.S./Canada Cross-border Litigation
Lawyers in Canada.
 The Canadian Legal Lexpert Directory cites Stikeman Elliott litigators among those
recommended in the areas of Class Action, Corporate Commercial, Corporate Tax, Directors’
and Officers’ Liability, Competition and Securities. The Directory ranks five of the firm’s Montréal
litigators as leading lawyers in Corporate Commercial and two in the area of Directors’ and
Officers’ Liability.
 Three of the Group's litigators appear in Legal Media Group's The World's Leading Lawyers
Expert Guide in the Litigation sector.
 Best Lawyers in Canada has ranked Stikeman Elliott with the most lawyers listed in International
Arbitration in Canada. They have also recognized 10 Stikeman Elliott practitioners in Corporate
and Commercial Litigation, four in Competition Litigation and Insolvency, three in Class Action
Litigation and two in each of Alternative Dispute Resolution and Directors’ and Officers’ Liability.
 Internationally, seven of the Group’s litigators are listed and ranked in the Chambers Global
Guide to the World’s Leading Lawyers for Business in Dispute
Restructuring/Insolvency, Intellectual Property and Competition Litigation.
Resolution,
 Eight of the group's litigators are listed in the International Who's Who of Business Lawyers in
the areas of Commercial Litigation, Arbitration, Insolvency and Insurance.
 Six litigators are recognized in the PLC Which Lawyer? in Dispute Resolution.
-6Experience at Every Level of Canada’s Courts and Tribunals
Members of the Litigation Group are regularly retained to act in a wide range of proceedings, from
injunction applications to complex trials and appeals at all levels of provincial and federal courts.
Members of the group appear regularly before securities
regulators, energy regulators, municipal boards, the
“A unique characteristic of
Competition Tribunal, the Trade-mark Opposition Board, the
the firm is the ability to be
Patent Appeal Board, the National Transportation Agency,
abundantly prepared for
the CRTC (Canada’s communications regulator), liquor
licensing boards, human rights commissions, arbitration
all contingencies, while
panels, commissions of inquiry and the governing bodies of
still taking a pragmatic
various institutions and professional disciplines.
Regulatory Expertise
approach to the problems
and issues in question.”
Stikeman Elliott is well known for its expertise in providing
regulatory advice in a range of industries. The firm acts
Chambers Global 2011
regularly for clients in regulatory proceedings arising from
Client Interview
both competition and securities investigations, as well as in a
broad range of regulated industries, such as aviation,
electricity, oil and gas, insurance, telecommunications and transportation. We have extensive
advocacy experience before all levels of trial and appellate courts in every province and territory in
Canada, the Federal Court of Canada, and the Supreme Court of Canada, as well as various
administrative tribunals, including the Competition Tribunal and the Ontario Securities Commission.
Arbitration
Arbitration has become the principal forum for the resolution of international commercial and
investment disputes. For such disputes, clients require seasoned counsel with a deep understanding
of the arbitral process. Our practice has been ranked first in Canada for the number of leaders in this
field by Best Lawyers and includes a number of individually ranked lawyers with experience at all
levels of international ad hoc arbitrations, under the UNCITRAL rules, domestic ad hoc arbitrations
throughout Canada and arbitrations administered under the rules of various institutions. Many of our
lawyers are trained in both common law and civil law traditions and many have experience both as
counsel and as arbitrators in international disputes, as well as extensive high-level government
experience. As a result, we are uniquely positioned to understand the important legal issues and the
strategic business factors at play to achieve a successful cost-effective resolution for our clients.
Trusted by Business
Members of the Litigation Group have acted as counsel to significant public and private corporations
in a wide variety of sectors of the economy, major Canadian and foreign financial institutions, all
levels of government (including provincial regulators), and a variety of charitable institutions.
Members of the group have represented trustees, receivers, monitors, creditors or debtors in most of
the major insolvency and restructuring matters that have arisen in recent years.
Canada’s Cross-Border Specialists
The Litigation Group has extensive experience with legal issues that transcend Canada’s borders.
Whether it is an international insolvency or the defence of a class action commenced as a follow-on
to class actions outside Canada, Stikeman Elliott litigators have earned a reputation as cross-border
specialists who work effectively with lawyers and experts from other jurisdictions. In December 2010,
nine of our group members were listed as Canadian leaders in Lexpert’s Guide to the Leading
U.S./Canada Cross-Border Litigation Lawyers in Canada.
-7Helping Clients Avoid Unnecessary Litigation
Recognizing that most clients wish to avoid litigation, the Litigation Group regularly advises on the
appropriateness of Alternative Dispute Resolution (international, domestic, ad hoc or institutional) and
on the different forms of ADR that should be considered. Members of the group can also advise
clients on how to arrange their affairs to avoid litigation, before problems arise.
Involved in the Legal Community
The Litigation Group is a committed participant in Canadian legal education. Members of the group
teach advocacy in the law schools of Western Ontario, Queen’s, McGill and Montréal Universities as
well as École du Barreau du Québec. They have also served on several Canadian Bar Association’s
provincial continuing legal education committees and as Directors of The Advocates’ Society. Many
members have published articles on a variety of litigation and advocacy topics and have presented
papers and spoken at national and international conferences.
Unsurpassed Service: On Budget, On Time
Stikeman Elliott’s goal is to provide the best client service at a fair price, while observing the highest
professional standards. The firm puts together teams that can work ably and efficiently, while
maintaining continuity of advice and keeping to the client’s budget and time requirements. Litigation
clients benefit from the intellectual and technical resources of one of Canada’s largest business law
practices, including specialized litigation law clerks who can quickly organize documentation relevant
to a client’s file using Stikeman Elliott’s customized document management software.
Product Liability
Stikeman Elliott’s product liability practice consists of skilful and accomplished practitioners who are
consistently recognized nationally and internationally, and have earned a reputation as market
leaders in Canada for their in-depth knowledge and expertise in the defence of major claims involving
highly technical issues.
The product liability practice members represent a Canadian and international client base that
includes manufacturers, distributors, wholesalers, retailers, suppliers, end users and their respective
insurers. The members bring a wide range of experience to the practice, including defending class
action product liability claims, major tort claims, single product claims, designing recalls and drafting
product warnings. This experience allows our practitioners to aggressively defend large complex
matters, including particularly claims that may threaten the reputation, or even future prospects, of
affected clients.
In addition to litigation, our product liability lawyers counsel clients regarding the preventative
measures they should take to avoid liability claims and provide advice on regulatory compliance, ecommerce and jurisdiction, defective design, advertising and media, insurance issues, and product
labelling and warnings.
Through our national network of offices our practice members defend class action lawsuits across
Canada for a number of diverse industry sectors, such as:
 construction;
 manufacturing plants;
 industrial equipment;
 oil and gas facilities;
 consumer products;
 pet food;
-8 pharmaceutical;
 medical devices;
 food and beverage;
 aviation; and
 automotive.
Members of the product liability practice have extensive trial and appellate experience and are
regularly retained to act in a wide range of proceedings, from motions and applications to complex
trials and appeals at all levels of provincial and federal courts. Members appear regularly before
various regulators, boards, tribunals, arbitration panels, commissions of inquiry and the governing
bodies of a range of institutions and professional disciplines.
Several practitioners frequently speak at various continuing legal education conferences providing
their expertise on product liability issues. Members from our Toronto and Montreal offices are coauthors of the Canadian chapter on the globally distributed publication Getting the Deal Through:
Product Liability, published by UK’s Law Business Research, which provides comparative
international analysis and addresses the most important issues that arise in product liability.
TORONTO
5300 Commerce Court West, 199 Bay Street, Toronto, ON, Canada M5L 1B9
Tel: (416) 869-5500 Fax: (416) 947-0866
MONTRÉAL
1155 René-Lévesque Blvd. West, 40th Floor, Montréal, QC, Canada H3B 3V2
Tel: (514) 397-3000 Fax: (514) 397-3222
OTTAWA
Suite 1600, 50 O’Connor Street, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1P 6L2
Tel: (613) 234-4555 Fax: (613) 230-8877
CALGARY
4300 Bankers Hall West, 888 - 3rd Street S.W., Calgary, AB, Canada T2P 5C5
Tel: (403) 266-9000 Fax: (403) 266-9034
VANCOUVER
Suite 1700, Park Place, 666 Burrard Street, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6C 2X8
Tel: (604) 631-1300 Fax: (604) 681-1825
NEW YORK
445 Park Avenue, 7th Floor, New York, NY 10022
Tel: (212) 371-8855 Fax: (212) 371-7087
LONDON
Dauntsey House, 4B Frederick’s Place, London EC2R 8AB England
Tel: 44 20 7367 0150 Fax: 44 20 7367 0160
SYDNEY
Level 12, The Chifley Tower, 2 Chifley Square, Sydney N.S.W. 2000 Australia
Tel: (61-2) 9232 7199 Fax: (61-2) 9232 6908
carbonNEUTRAL
|
www.stikeman.com
This publication provides general commentary only and is not intended as legal advice. © Stikeman Elliott LLP
SINCE 2008
Stikeman Elliott is the first national Canadian law firm to be certified
Carbon Neutral. More information is available at www.stikeman.com
The contents of this document has been printed on paper sourced from
managed forests and certified accordingly by international organizations.

Seminar materials - Stikeman Elliott LLP

Transcription

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